英语语法疑点难点总结

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第一篇:英语语法疑点难点总结

英语语法疑点难点总结

(七年级上半期)

一、have和has的区别及用法:

都表示“有”

用于主语是非第三人称单数,如: we/ they/ you / I 等如: I have a pen; have前面一般是第一、二人称或者是复数,例如:We,I,You,Mary and John,Parents,Books;

用在主语是第三人称单数时, 如 she/ he / it如;My mother has been to the Great Wall three times;has则是相反的,一般是第三人称或者单数,例如:A monkey,The girl~~这是最基础的不同点~~

二、their和they them的区别及用法 是所有格(物主代词)意思是:他们的 通常作为主语 意思是: 他们是宾语 跟在动词后面 意思是:他们

三、可数名词的单复数规则

可数名词都有单数和复数之分。

A: 规则的可数名词的复数变化规则:

1.一般情况加 s : book--books mouth---mouths house---houses girl---girls

2.以 s、sh、ch、x结尾的加 es : class---classes box----boxes match----matches

3.辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 i加es: city---cities

country----countries party----parties factory----factories

4.以 o 结尾的词 +es的只有以下词 :heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros以 o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母 +s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos)5.以f,fe 结尾的 变f或fe为v +es :thief wife life knife wolf half leaf shelfThe thief’s wife killed three wolves with some leaves and knives in half of her life.四、可数名词与不可数名词

普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的,这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体,如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物,如people, family 等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的,这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质,如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念,如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。

二、关于可数名词

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时,用单数形式;指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下:

1.一般的名词词尾直接加-s。如:

book → books room → rooms

house → houses day → days

2.以s, ss, ch, sh, x 结尾的名词,在词尾加-es。如:bus → buses glass → glasses

watch → watches

dish → dishes box → boxes

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,要先将y改为i再加-es。如:city → cities body → bodies

factory → factories等等。

4.以f 或fe 结尾的名词,要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如:half → halves leaf → leaves

knife → knives wife → wives

5.特例 [悄悄话:特例常常考,要记住。]

① child → children

② man → men woman → women

policeman → policemen

(规律:man → men)

③ tomato → tomatoes

potato → potatoes

[悄悄话: 初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es,其余的当然加-s喽!如:photo → photos ]

④ foot → feet tooth → teeth

[悄悄话: oo变成ee。]

⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形 [悄悄话:变复数时词形不变。]

⑥ people单数形式表示复数意义,要求谓语动词用复数; people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。

三、关于不可数名词

1.不可数名词没有复数,当它作句子的主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。

如:The food is very fresh.食品很新鲜。

2.有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词,有复数形式,但他们的意义往往发生变化。

如:water(水)→ waters(水域)

orange(橘汁)→ oranges(橘子)

3.很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数,表示种类时就可数,但意义大多不发生变化。

如:fruit → fruits food → foods

fish → fishes hair → hairs

四、名词可数不可数“六注意”

1、可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式。如:desk-desks, apple-apples等。不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词。不可数名词没有复数形式,只有单数形式。如:some bread,a little milk等。

2、单数可数名词表示泛指时,前面要用不定冠词a(an),表示特

指时,前面要用定冠词the;而不可数名词前不能用a(an)修饰,表示特指时,前面一定要用定冠词the。如:

He is a factory worker.他是一名工人。

No one can see air.没有人能看见空气。

3、可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰,表示“一些,许多”。如:

There are some oranges on the desk.桌子上有一些桔子。There is a lot of water in the bottle.瓶里有许多水。

4、可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如:two apples, four books等。不可数名词前通常用“单位词+of”来表示数量。如: a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。

5、可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。如:

This picture is very beautiful.这幅画很美。

不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数“单位词”时,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:

There are two cups of tea on the table.桌上有两杯茶。

6、对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many;对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much。如:

How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少个苹果?How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水?

注意:对不可数名词前的“单位词”的修饰语提问时,疑问词用how

many。如:

How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盘子里有多少片面包?

第二篇:高中英语语法难点总结

定语从句

关系词先行词从句成分例句

Who人主语Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?

Whom人宾语The man(whom)she loved came back safe and sound.提拉米苏 Whose人,物定语I like those books whose topics are about action老外 That人,物主语,宾语a cup is a cookie that can eat

She is an elegant women(that)I want to see

Which物主语,宾语the book(which)I gave you was worth 10yuan

The picture which was about the landscape is fantastic As人,物主语,宾语He is such a person as is respected by all of us

This is the same purse as I lost yesterday

The garden where followers are in full bloom makes us encounter

The reason why he is attractive is his humor

Tomorrow when he will come to my party is my honor

Where=at, in whichwhy=for whichwhen= at,in,on which

Jack studied in a village school,____ is named after his grandfather

I walked in the garden,______ Tom and Tim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees 从句完成选关副,主干缺失关代补

状语从句

时间,条件,方式,让步,原因,目的,结果,比较

时间状从

When从句短暂、延续动词都可 as, while 只延续

When I lived in xin zhuang, I had a cozy life

When we looked at her, she gave us a bright smile

When 主从句动作可同时发生,也可先后发生as, while只能同时

When I eat up my apple, I will buy some.When I arrived at the market, all the apples have been sold out

主从句动作同时发生,从句为延续v,三者都可

When, as, while I was dreaming that I win lottery in five million, the alarm rang

Although不倒 though 倒不倒都可 As倒

Child as he is, he knows a lot

原因状从

语气 because since as 渐弱

Since everybody is here, let’s begin our class 既然

As it was getting dark, we soon turned back

名词性从句

that的用法

主,表,同位that不省去 宾从一般可以省

That we have a new chairman is known to us all

Whether和if

主,表,同位都只用whether,在引导宾从的时候可以互换,但做介词的宾语只能用whether It all depends on whether we can insist on it

疑问词+ever(名从,让步状从都可)no matter+疑问词只能让步状从

Whoever breaks the law must be punished

Whoever breaks the law, he must be punished可用no matter who

同位从和定从的区别

They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again同位从不做成分

The hope(that)she expressed is that they would come to visit china again

常见句式的固定时态

No sooner…than,hardly scarcely rarely…when刚。。就

No sooner had I left school than it began to rain

It is was has been+一段时间+since自从。以来有多长时间了is has,did ;was,had done It is has been 10years since we met last

It will be+一段时间+before从句dodoes 表将来要过多久才

It will be three weeks before we have the concert

主句+by the time+从句had done,didwill have done,do

By the time we arrived at the airport, the plane had taken off

To do 有副词名词形容词作用,可做主、宾、定、表、状、宾补

Doing 有副词形容词作用,可做定、表、宾补、状

动名词 相当于名词,可做主、宾、定、表

to do 和动名词 作主语

smoking is prohibited here.抽象的泛指的to read the Bible everyday makes her mind full of peace

to do 和分词作定语

the man named jack is in favor of the flowers growing on his yard

to do(目的)和分词作状语

not knowing what to do, he sat there hopelessly(泰囧)

faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan

To do(具体的将来的),动名词(抽象泛指), 分词(感到。)作表语 His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future

Our work is serving the people heart and soul

Encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged 感到鼓舞的To do 分词作宾补 to do/doing 主动 done被动

I saw him(to)fall off his bike and break his leg(动作的过程)

I saw him falling off his bike(进行)

I find the bike repaired

情态动词和虚拟语气

Shall用于一三人称表示征求对方意见,二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁 Shall I dance with you, beauty?

No, you shall not.Can/could/may/might have done对过去进行推测

Must have done一定、确定

Should have done 本应该做却没做need have done 本必要做却没做 If条件句的虚拟

If there were no music,the world would be very dull

错综虚拟句 if you’d taken my advice, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now.倒装 were I you, I would marry a girl like me

Had it not been for the free ticket, I wouldn’t have gone to see the film so often Should it rain, the crops would be saved.宾从中

Demand, suggest, order, insist 后接(should)do

He suggested that we not change our mind

Wish did(现)had done(过)should/would do(将)

I wish I could be a pop singer

倒装

完全倒装

Here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away 等副词开头的句子表示强调 Out rushed the children

表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首时

Under the tree lied a handsome guy

部分倒装

Never/hardly/scarcely/seldom/little/not until 等否定意义的副词放在句首 Hardly did I know what had happened(地震)

Only和修饰的状语放于句首时

Only then did he realized the importance of English(学生出国)

Not only…but also 前倒后不倒

Not only did I knew Japanese, but also I’m expert at it

So that, such that 中so 和such 及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒 So busy is he that he can not go on a holiday recently

独立主格结构

Everything taken into consideration your work is well done

名代+to do(将来)

Lots of work to be done, I have to work extra hours

名代+现在分词(主动)

They run up to me, their hair flying in the wind

名代+过去分词(被动)

He stood there, his hands raised(电影举起手来)

With+复合宾语

With many goals we need to achieve, we should spare no effortHe soon fell asleep with the light still burning

He sat there with his eyes fixed upon the ceiling

第三篇:考研英语语法难点精析

无忧考网www.xiexiebang.come tomorrow who will teach you German.明天,新(男)老师将来较你德语。

【语法难点精析之besides,but,except,exept for,excepting,apart from的区别】

(1)besides与except 前者表示"除...以外,还有...";后者表示"从整体中除去..." 这个大家都知道,就不举例子了.

(2)except与except for a.除去的和非除去的是同类事物,用except eg:

All the essays are well written except Nelson's.Nelson的文章(除去的)和All the essays(非除去的)是同类事物,所以用except. b.除去的和非除去的不是同类事物,用except for,并且从语气上通常表示遗憾.

无忧考网www.xiexiebang.com here every day,always excepting the youngest.(5)but与except同义,但but多用在every,any,no等和由这些词构成的复合词如everything,anywhere,nobody等词以后及all,none之后 eg:

The children go to school everyday but Sunday.They are all gone but me.You can get the book anywhere but here.There is no one but me.Who but George would do such a thing? 【语法难点之too...to 结构表示肯定含义的情况】(连载中)【too...to 结构表示肯定含义的情况】

我们知道too...to结构一般表示否定含义,意为“太...以致于不能” eg:He is too old to work.无忧考网www.51Test.net 但too...to在下列情况下却表示肯定含义: ⑴当too前或to前有否定词构成双重否定时.eg:English is not too difficult to learn.英语并不太难学.He is too wise not to see that.他很聪明,不会不懂这一点.⑵当too后是glad,pleased,happy,delighted,satisfied,ready,willing,kind,apt,good,true,easy,near,careful,well,early,delicious,eager,anxious等形容词或副词时.eg:They are too anxious to leave.他们急于离开.He is too ready to help others.他总是乐于助人.与这些词连用时,too前还常加上only,all,but,just,simply等副词,意思不变,因为这些词加上too后与very同义.eg:I'm only too glad to see you.见到你非常高兴.They are but too pleased to hear the news.他们听到这个消息,非常高兴.⑶与cannot连用时.eg:You cannot be too careful(=You can never be careful enough)to do your homework.你做作业越仔细越好(=无论怎样仔细也不过分).⑷当不定式在句中作定语或真正的主语时.eg:There are too many problems to be solved.有很多问题有待解决.It is too much to say that he is a fool.【语法难点精析之every表示”每隔“的用法】

无忧考网www.51Test.net ⑴"every other+单数名词” 意思是“每隔一。。”

如:every other day 每隔一天 every other tree 每隔一棵树

⑵“every+基数词+复数名词”或“every+序数词+单数名词” 意思是“每隔。。”(较英语数词少一个)

如:every three days=every third day 每隔两天(或者译为每三天)因此every two days=every other day 每隔一天(或者译为每两天)

⑶“every few+复数名词” 意思是“每隔几。。”

如:every few days(每隔几天)

【语法难点精析之alive、live、living和lively的用法】

⑴ lively 有“活泼的、快活的、生动的”等意思,可以指人或物,可作定语或标语;但它没有“活着的”意思,而其他三个都有。如:

Young children are usually lively.小孩子们通常是活泼的。He told a very lively story.他讲了一个生动的故事。

⑵alive、live、living都有“活的、有生命的”意思,与dead意义相反。但live通常只作前置定语,且一般用于动物;alive、living不仅可作定语(alive只能置于名词后;living一般置于名词前,也可置于名词后),也可以作表语。如:

This is a live(=living)fish.(=This is a fish alive.)这是一条活鱼。(指动物,且作定语时,三者均可用)Who's the greatest man alive(=living man)? 谁是当今最伟大的人物?(指人,不能用live)The fish is still alive(=living)那条鱼还活着。(指动物作表语时不能用live)。

无忧考网www.51Test.net ⑶living主要指在某个时候是活着的,而alive指本来有死的可能,但仍活着的。而且,作主语补足语或宾语补足语时,只能用alive;作比喻义(如“活像。。”、“活生生的”等)解时,要用living。如:

The enemy officer was caught alive.(作主语补足语,不用living)那位敌方军官被活捉了。

We found the snake alive.(作宾语补足语,不用living)He is the living image of his father.(比喻义,不用alive)他活象他父亲。

第四篇:英语语法总结

小 学 英 语 语 法 总 结 1

一、名词:

1、专有名词:(1)人名(2)街道和建筑(3)星期月份节日(3)国家城市(4)大洲大洋江湖

2、普通名词:(1)直接加s(2)以s x ch sh结尾的+es(3)以 y结尾的把y 改成 i+es(4)o结尾的+es特

殊的photo→photos tomato→tomatoes(5)f、fe结尾的改 f、fe为 v+es ,⑹oo 结尾+szoo-zoos⑺ woman→women,child-children⑻ 单数复数形式相同

3、可数名词:

4、不可数名词:⑴不能加s⑵前面不能用 a,an,可以用 the⑶一类事物不可数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数⑷两

类以上不可数名词做主语,谓语用复数⑸ a cup of tea5、名词的所有格:⑴单数名词词尾+’s⑵词尾不是s的复数名词词尾+’s⑶词尾是s的复数名词词尾+’⑷店铺教

堂某人的家时,所有格’s后面通常不出现它所修饰的名词⑸分别+’s,最后一个人名+’s⑹ of用在没有生命上,’s用在有生命上

二、冠词:

6、不定冠词 a an7、定冠词 the ⑴特定人或物⑵用于上文提到的人或事⑶世上独一无二的事物⑷形容词前⑸序数词,形容词最高级⑹由普通名词构成的专有名词前⑺乐器⑻姓氏的复数名词前:一家人⑼ only very same前

8、不用定冠词的情况:⑴国家地名人名⑵复数名词⑶季节月份星期⑷三餐球类娱乐运动

三、代词

9、人称代词

10、物主代词⑴形容性物主代词my his her our their ⑵名词性物主代词mine his ours them11、反身代词myself12、指示代词thisthesethatthose13、疑问代词whowhomwhosewhichwhat14、不定代词⑴some,any,no修饰可数名词,不可数名词。Some肯定句any否定和疑问 no 用在肯定句中表示否定⑵many,much,a few,a little,few,little ⑶-body,-one,-thing.everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,everyone,someone,anyone,no one,everything,something,anything,nothing.四、形容词

15形容词种类和位置

16形容词比较等级及构成:⑴以e结尾+er,+est.⑵以y结尾→ier→iest⑶重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母的双写词尾+er,+est.⑷两个或两个以上音节的词前+more+most.17形容词比较等级的用法:⑴两者比较:s+形容词原形+as⑵两者比较:容词比较级+than⑶三个比较:the+最高级+

范围

五、副词

18副词种类和位置

19副词比较等级及构成 badly-worse-worst,much-more-must

20副词比较等级的用途

六、数词

21基数词:100,a/one handred101one handred and one,4000 four thousand1000000(一百万)one million 1000000000

(十亿)one billion

22序数词

23时刻表示法⑴5:30 five thirty或 half past five

⑵9:05 nine five或five past nine⑶6:50six fifth或ten to seven

⑷7:15 a quarter past seven或seven fifteen⑸8:45 a quarter to nine或eight forth-five 24日期表示法⑴2009年6月2日June 2nd,2009或2nd of June ,2009英语里面:月 日 年

⑵1995年 nineteenninety-five

1826年eigteen oh six

⑶5月8日写May 8th读May the eighth或May eight

小 学 英 语 语 法 总 结 2

⑷9月1日写September 21(st)读September the twenty-firstSeptember 或 twenty-one

25数词其他几种用法⑴1/3 one third2/5 two fifths

⑵21.6 twenty-one point six0.008 zero point zero zero eigth

⑶5%five percent0.8%zero point eight percent

⑷一倍once两倍twice六倍six times

⑸第503房间Room 50315美元15dollors=$1英镑1pound=£

七、介词

26时间介词:at, on ,in, before, after, from, during

27方位介词:on ,in, over, under, behind ,infront of,near,among

28其他一些常见介词用法:by,in,for,of,about,like,with

八、连词和感叹词

29连词:and, but, or, becausealthough/though,both……and,not only……but also,neither……nor既不……也不

(并列)either……or或者.....或者(选择)

30感叹词

九、动词

31动词种类⒈及物动词直接接宾语。

2不及物动词不直接接宾语。

3助动词:do , does,did.4.系动词be,(am,is,are)look(看起来)smell(闻起来)get(变得)become(成为)seem(似乎)turn

(变成)

5情态动词:can,may,must,will,shall,should,need

32动词基本形式

十、动词时态(一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去

完成时、过去将来时共8个时态)

33一般现在时:⑴含有be动词(am is are)⑵不含有be动词动词用三单、疑问句Do、Does,否定句don’t、doesn’t 34一般过去时:⑴含有be动词(was were)⑵不含有be动词动词变为过去式,疑问句Did否定句didn’t+yesterday… 35一般将来时:⑴主语+be(am is are)going to do⑵主语+will+动词原形 ⑶主语+shall+动词原形+tomorrow过去将来时:⑴主语+(was were)+动词原形⑵主语+would+动词原形

36现在进行时:⑴主语+be(am is are)+ 动词ing

37过去进行时:⑴主语+be(werewas)+ 动词ing

38现在完成时:主语+havehas+动词过去分词 since,过去完成时:主语+had+动词过去分词

十一、陈述句

39陈述句的分类

十二、疑问句

40一般疑问句

41特殊疑问句:what,whose,who,which,when,where ,why,how(tall, old, long, many, much)

42选择疑问句,反义疑问句

十三、祈使句

十四、感叹句

1.What+a +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语

2.How+形容词+主语+谓语

3.How+ 副词+主语+谓语

十五、There be :There is,There are

第五篇:初三英语语法总结

体验式英语教育先锋美联英语标题:初三英语语法总结及相关解析

关键词:初三英语语法总结

导读:初三英语语法总结的过程中,很多的学生朋友都会有着诸多的疑问,想要把这类问题解析好,自然就需要到一些方法,关于初三英语语法总结的问题,我们可以到接下来的文章中来了解。

初三英语语法在目前已经成为了很多朋友们想要面对的一类问题,在进行解决的时候也需要到一些方法,关于此问题,我们还是应该到接下来的文章当中来多多的进行学习,在学习过后,才能真正的把这类语法问题学习的更好。初三英语语法总结包括巧记动词过去时形式-ed的变化:

(1)变化规则:动词变化很好记,一般末尾加-ed。如果词尾e有个紧跟其后加个d。辅音字母加y,要y把变i,特殊变化有熟记,保你一定考第一。

(2)读音规则:

清(清辅音)读清[t],浊读浊[d],[t][d]后面读[id]。

10.关于基数词的书写:

基数词不难记,12以内词各异,13数到19级,teen莫丢弃。20、30到90,尾随ty是整十,说到几使几,中有 “—”要强记,遇到整百要警惕。

11.关于初三英语语法总结中的基数词变序数词:

基变序,有规律,123肩靠肩。8去e,9去t,ve要用f替,辅(音)后y,y→ie,th结尾莫大意,若遇数字几十几,只变个位就可以。

上面所提到的就是一些关于初三英语语法总结的方法,大家在认识这些语法的同时,要知道什么样的语法是适合自己的,什么样的语法对于自己是一大难题,只有做好了相关的合理分析,那么这些学习中常见的难题才能得以解决。

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