第一篇：长句翻译课后练习
长句翻译课后练习
1这家实业公司建于四年前，隶属上海工业技术发展中心，注重协调帮助所属企业进行生产技术的更新、老厂机制的转换，并且参与投资。
2上海大众汽车公司是一家中德合资企业，去年汽车产量为十万辆，预计今年产量可再增加五万两。
3可能知道中国一向坚持开放政策并对引进国外投资采取积极立场，以在平等互利的基础上与其他国家扩大经济合作和技术交流。
4.许多人都说他是个笨蛋, 但果真如此吗?
5.应当承认, 每个民族都有它的长处, 不然它为什么能存在? 为什么能发展?
6中国学生很灵, 一挥而就, 洋教师阅后,评出了最佳作文一篇, 学生们听后大为不解, 这种文章怎么能被评为“最佳”?
7几千年来，形成老者自以为经验丰富而鄙薄少年为处事幼稚，而少年自以为活力充沛而蔑视老者为老朽昏庸。这真是偏颇的见地！
8农民的生活水平不断提高，大部分农民已解决了温饱问题，不少农民已过上小康生活。
9父亲毕竟比她多吃了几年盐, 她的男朋友是什么样的人, 父亲一看就知道。
10他很少乘车坐船, 几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭, 长途跋涉;为了弄清大自然的真相, 他总是挑选道路艰险的山区、人迹稀少的森林进行考察, 发现了许多奇山秀景。
11你们的人参酒质量很好，但包装较差，瓶子易碎，纸盒太薄，对我们今后的订货，请每瓶套一只泡沫塑料套，并装在较厚的纸盒内，否则我们只能放弃这个业务。
12这种经营方式的特点是共同投资，共同管理，共负盈亏，可使双方的关系更为密切，协作更为加强，对双方都是有利的。
13我在学堂里坐着, 心里也闷, 不如给他家放牛, 倒快活些。
14要解决问题, 还需做系统而周密的调查研究, 这
就是分析的过程。
15各种语言嘈杂极了, 有的在吵架, 有的在患难中谈爱, 真是一个热闹的世界。
16中国目前的教育制度可以分为四个阶段：学前教育，也就是托儿所和幼儿园阶段，然后从六岁开始六年小学，六年中学和四年大学
17我们工厂引进了最先进的工艺和设备来提高印花行业的技术，我们倡导高科技和高生产力，产品质量稳定，花样美观，另外我们还坚持高产低耗的原则。
18华大妈在枕头底掏了半天, 掏出一包洋钱, 交给老栓, 老栓接了, 抖抖的装入衣袋, 又在外面按了两下, 便点上灯笼, 吹熄灯盏, 走向里屋去了。(鲁迅《药》)因此,如果要使学生充分利用他们(上大学)的机会,就得为他们提供大量关于课程的更为详尽的信息,作更多的指导,这个问题显得越来越重要了
201974年8月研究所接到指示说,如果研究成果
能应用于市场预测,则研究工作可继续进行。
21合资企业的产品可有一部分在国内市场销售，但为能满足合资企业再生产和其他方面对外汇的需要，至少应有70%的产品外销以赚取外汇。
第二篇：长句翻译
句子翻译
3Korruption ist ein gesellschaftliches und ein geschichtliches Phänomen sowie ein weltweit kaum zu beseitigens Problem, dem die Öffentlichkeit große Aufmerksamkeit schenkt.1.反腐败和廉政建设关系国家发展全局、关系最广大人民根本利益、关系社会公平正义与
和谐稳定。(45个字)
integer Adj;geschr;rechtschaffen, vertrauenswürdig und loyal ↔ korrupt: Er ist absolut integer, ihm kann man vertrauen
Die Bekämpfung der Korruption und der Aufbau einer integeren Regierung sind wichtig für die gesamte Entwicklung des Landes sowie für die soziale Gerechtigkeit.分析：缺少“与和谐稳定”，三个“关系”转换为“sind wichtig”
2.(20世纪70年代末，中国开始实行改革开放政策。)改革开放是一个从高度集中的计划
经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济体制、从封闭半封闭到全方位开放的社会大变革的过程。（58字）极大地解放了生产力，激发了社会活力。同时，在这个过程中也出现了一些消极腐败现象。
分析：主语：改革开放，谓语：是，表语：过程；德语：主语保留，谓语：mit sich bringen； 宾语：einen Wandel，定语：von...zu...(Ende der 70er Jahre führte China die Reform-und Öffnungspolitik ein.)Die Reformen und Öffnung haben einen gewaltigen gesellschaftlichen Wandel vom stark zentralisierten System der Planwirtschaft zum vitalen System der sozialistischen Marktwirtschaft und Isolation bzw.Halbisolation zu einer umfassenden Öffnung nach Außen mit sich gebracht.Zwar wurden die Produktivitäten umfassend befreit und entwickelt sowie die Vitalität der Bevölkerung angeregt, doch dabei tauchen auch negative und korrupte Erscheinungen auf.3.进入21世纪，中国把反腐败和廉政建设放在更加突出的位置，‖确立标本兼治、综合治理、惩防并举、注重预防的方针，制定建立健全惩治和预防腐败体系这一反腐败国家战略，整体推进反腐败和廉政建设。（93字）
切分：进入21世纪，中国把反腐败和廉政建设放在更加突出的位置，主语：中国，谓语：放在，宾语：突出的位置，间接宾语：把...‖德语：主语： China，谓语：schenken宾语1Aufmerksamkeit； 宾语2„；
Seit 2000 schenkt China dem Kampf gegen die Korruption und dem Aufbau einer integeren Regierung größere Aufmerksamkeit.确立标本兼治、综合治理、惩防并举、注重预防的方针，制定建立健全惩治和预防腐败体系这一反腐败国家战略，整体推进反腐败和廉政建设。
分析：并列：确立„方针，制定„战略，目的：推进„
Es hat eine(1)Richtlinie festgelegt, nach der man die Korruption und ihre Wurzel gleichzeitig beseitigen, umfassende Maßnamen ergreifen, die Bestrafung und Vorbeugung kombinieren und dabei den Schwerpunkt auf die Vorbeugung legen soll und eine nationale(2)Strategie für die Einrichtung und Vervollkommnung der Strukturen der Bestrafung und Verhütung von Korruption ausgearbeitet, um(3)den Kampf gegen die Korruption und den Aufbau einer integeren Regierung umfassend voranzutreiben.Seit 2000 schenkt China dem Kampf gegen die Korruption und dem Aufbau einer integeren Regierung größere Aufmerksamkeit.Es hat eine Richtlinie festgelegt, nach der man die Korruption und ihre Wurzel gleichzeitig beseitigen, umfassende Maßnamen ergreifen, die
Bestrafung und Vorbeugung kombinieren und dabei den Schwerpunkt auf die Vorbeugung legen soll und eine nationale Strategie für die Einrichtung und Vervollkommnung der Strukturen der Bestrafung und Verhütung von Korruption ausgearbeitet, um den Kampf gegen die Korruption und den Aufbau einer integeren Regierung umfassend voranzutreiben.
第三篇：课后练习翻译
如果你留下来，我也要留下来。
If you stay, I will, too.小马也就是十二三岁，脸上还瘦。
Xiao Ma was no more than twelve or thirteen years old, with a very lean face.她怎么好好的就自杀了？这也怪了！
Why should she have committed suicide for no reason? It is rather odd.他对事情的进展情况也还满意。
He is quite satisfied with the way things went.你要定哪只杂志？
Which journals do you subscribe to? 这本书我们没有货，但是可以帮你订。
We do not have the book in stock but we can order it.你能帮我把这份讲义订起来吗？
Would you please bind this handout for me? 那件大衣的面子很漂亮。
The outer part of the coat is very beautiful.如果怕丢面子，就说不好英语。
If one is afraid of losing his dignity(face), he cannot expect to speak English well.我是个爱面子的人，这种事我可做不出来。
I would not do such a thing—I am sensitive about my reputation.不是我不买你的面子，实在是这事儿不好办。
I have shown due respect for your feelings, but there is really nothing I can do about it.心有余而力不足。
One’s ability falls short of one’s wishes.您的建议我会永远铭记在心。
I will always bear your advice in mind.如果你忘了她的生日她会很伤心的。
You will hurt her feelings if you forget her birthday.居心叵测。
To nurse evil intentions.得人心者得天下。
Those who gain popularity among the people will gain the power.劳心者治人，劳力者至于人。
Those who work with brains rule and those who work with their brawn are ruled.哀莫大于心死。
The greatest despair comes from a devastated heart.这是民国六年的冬天，大风刮得正猛，我因为生计关系，不得不一早在路上走。
It happened during the winter of 1917.A bitter north wind was blowing but, to make a living, I had to be up and out early.世事洞明皆学问，人情练达即文章。
True learning implies a clear insight into human activities.Genuine culture involves the skilful manipulation of human relationships.这尊像站了几百年了，他觉得这是一种苦役。
Having stood there for several hundred years, the statue had now come to detest it as a kind of forced drudgery.他便变了脸，铁一般的青。
His complexion changed, and he grew ghastly pale.我们不得不零零星星的偿付。
We have to pay in dribs and drabs.那条小径曲曲折折通向山顶。
The path zigzags up the hill.湖色越远越深，由近到远，是银白、淡蓝、深青、墨绿、非常分明。
Farther still, the lake water seems darker, changing from silver white near at hand, through light blue, deep blue, finally to dark green, all being very distinct.三十几个人，三三五五，各自在爱去的地方溜达。
Thirty-odd of us, in group of threes and fives, strolled wherever we liked.江水由船边的黄到中心的铁青到岸边的银灰色。有几只小轮在喷吐着煤烟：在烟囱的端际，它是黑色；在船影里，淡青、米色、苍白；在斜映着的阳光里，棕黄。
The river water near the ship changes its color from yellow to iron blue in the middle of the river and to silver grey near the bank.Some small ships are puffing out coal smoke.At the end of the chimney it is black.In the slanting sun rays, it is brown yellow.我们如能于百忙之中，挤出一点时间，约二三知友小酌，琅琅笑话，畅话平生，其乐并不亚于徜徉于青山绿水之间。If we can squeeze a little time in our busy life to invite two or three of our friends to dine with laughter and relive our life experience, this kind of pleasure is no less interesting than lingering among the blue mountains and green waters.我眼睁睁地看过，在无情的冰雹下，我那刚刚灌浆、远远没有长成的谷穗，在细弱的稻杆上摇摇摆摆地挣扎，却无力挣脱生养它、却又牢牢地锁住它的大地。
With wide-open eyes I had watched how the rice ears, in the milk and yet still far from being ripe, were swaying back and forth on their thin stalks under the ruthless hailstones.They were incapable of freeing themselves from the ground, which had supplied them with food but firmly locked them too.月光如流水一般，静静地泄在这一片叶子和花上。薄薄的青雾浮起在荷塘里，叶子和花仿佛在牛乳中洗过一样；又像笼着轻纱的梦。
Moonlight cascaded like water over the locus leaves and flowers, and a light blue mist floating up from the pool made them seem washed in milk or caught in a gauzy dream.脍炙人口的传统京剧《白蛇传》讲的是源自明朝的故事。
The White Snake, one of the most popular traditional Beijing operas, is based on a story handed down from the Ming Dynasty.意大利著名旅行家马可。波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：“这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人觉得自己是在天堂。”
The famous Italian traveler Marco Polo was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as “the most fascinating city in the world, where one feels as if he was in paradise’’.这架飞机该有多大的重量啊！它载着解放区人民的心，载着全中国人民的希望，载着我们国家的命运。
What a heavy load this aeroplane bore!It carried the hearts of the people of the liberated areas, the hopes of the entire Chinese people, and the destiny of our country.英雄造时势，时势造英雄。
Heroes create the times, the times produce their heroes.一踏进门槛，屋子里的混乱景象使我吃了一惊。
Crossing the threshold, I was taken aback by the mess in the house.土地和谷物是人们赖以生存的根本。祭社稷便是表示人们对土地和谷物的敬重。
The earth and the cereals sustain the life of human beings and hence ceremonies were held to pay respect for them.嵩山有号称“天下第一名刹”的少林寺。
Mount Songshan boasts of Shaolin Temple reputed as “Number One Temple under Heaven”.他的报告里所提到的东西经不起推敲。
What he said in his report could not stand close scrutiny.宜昌是巴楚文化的发源地，诞生了屈原、王昭君等千古风流人物。
Yichang City is the birthplace of Chinese Bachu Culture as well as many great personalities through the ages, such as the great poet Qu Yuan and the famous beauty Wang Zhaojun.中国庙宇的墙上经常绘有八卦、阴阳和太极的图案。
The Eight Trigrams, the Yin-Yang symbol and the Taiji emblem are often depicted on the walls of Chinese temples.王献之的书法笔走龙蛇。一气呵成。
Wang Xianzhi, a famous 4th century Chinese calligrapher, wrote a whole piece of characters with the twist and turn of a single continuous movement of the brush like that of dragons and snakes.这对年轻夫妇并不相配一个是西施，一个是张飞。
This young couple is not well matched, one is Xi Shi―a famous Chinese beauty, while the other is a Zhang Fei―a well-known ill-tempered brute.作为炎黄子孙还可以去拜谒离西安不远的黄帝陵。
If you are of Chinese descent, you may pay tribute to the tomb of Huangdi(Yellow Emperor),the first Chinese emperor.“这断子绝孙的阿Q！”远远地听到小尼姑的带哭的声音。
“Ah Q, may you die sonless!” sounded the little nun's voice tearfully in the distance.他昨天擦破了皮，现在到医院换药去了。He had a scratch yesterday and now has gone to change dressings in the hospital.佃农家庭的生活自然是很苦的。可是由于母亲的聪明能干，却舒服。
The life of a tenant farmer's family was of course hard, but we somehow managed to scrape along because mother was a clever and able woman.富华家具带给您典雅的欧陆风情。
You will be chanted by the unique European style of Fuhua furniture.不搞改革，不坚持改革开放政策，我们制定的战略目标政策就不可能实现，这是一个关，这个关必须过。
We cannot reach our strategic goal unless we carry out reforms and adhere to the open policy.This is a key process we must go through.贵州具有丰富的矿产、生物和旅游资源，品质优良；生物资源，种类繁多；旅游资源，绚丽多彩。
Guizhou has plenty of mines and is rich in biological and tourism resources.Its mineral deposit is of high quality.Its biological species are various and its scenic process is colorful.我与父亲不相见已有二余年，我最不能忘记的是他的背影。
It is more than two years since I last saw father and what I can never forget is the sight of his back.这时我看见他的背影，我的眼泪很快流下来了。
While I was watching him from behind, tears gushed from my eyes.等他的背影混入人来人往的人里，再找不着了，我便进来坐下……
I, however, did not go back to my seat until his figure was lost among crowds of people hurrying to and fro and no longer visible.我读到此处，在晶莹的泪光，又看见了那胖胖的，青布棉袍，黑布马褂的背影。
Through the glistening tears which these words had brought to my eyes, I again saw the back of father's corpulent form in the dark blue cotton-padded cloth long gown and the black cloth mandarin jacket.务必要继续发扬艰苦奋斗的优良传统，提倡勤俭，崇尚节约。
It is imperative to carry on the fine tradition of hard work, encourage frugality, and prevent and check high consumption that outgrows economic development.这里山花古松遮掩着悬崖峭壁，鸟语花香，生意盎然，一派秀丽景色。
Wild flowers and old pine on the precipice, with birds singing among them, form a beautiful scene full of life and vitality.我国政府愿意在平等互利、相互开放、长期合作、共同发展的基础上，进一步加强同亚洲各国的经济合作和贸易交流。
The Chinese government stands ready to further strengthen economic cooperation and trade ties with other Asian nations on the basis of equality, openness, long-term cooperation and mutual benefit.敌军闹得全村鸡犬不宁。
The enemy troops threw the whole village into great disorder.她经常在邻里之间搬弄是非。
She often tells tales among the neighbors.这些问题盘根错节，三言两语说不清楚。
These problems are too complicated to be explained clearly in a few words.否则，袖手旁观，守株待兔，就变成了长期不抗不战了。
Otherwise, standing by with folded arms and waiting for gains without pains will prove to be nothing but long-term nonresistance.校园依山傍水，绿树成荫，花香四溢，堪称求学胜地。
The good scenery on the campus makes it an ideal place for teaching, learning and academic pursuits.每年农历六月为黄龙寺庙会，方圆几百里的各族人民前来赶会。届时，帐篷连营，人马喧腾，歌舞相杂，十分热闹。
thEvery year in the 6 lunar month, the local people from great distance around travel to Huang Long Monastery on horseback for the temple fair.They set up tents and celebrate with songs and dances far into the night.光耀千古的崇圣寺三塔，享誉中外的大理石，古朴典雅，风格独特的白族民居，还有那风、花、雪、月四大奇景，无不使人流连忘返。
Among the most exciting attractions of Dali are the three ancient pagodas of the Chongsheng Temple, world famous Dali marble, Bai houses noted for their simplicity, elegance and distinctive design, and the four scenic features(the strong wind at Xiaguan, the famous flowers at Shangguan, the silver snow on top of the Cangshan range and the moonlit surface of Erhai Lake).那肥大的荷叶下面，有一个人的脸，下半截身子长在水里，那不是水生吗？又往左右看去，不久，各人就找到了各人丈夫的脸。啊，原来是他们。
Not far away under a broad lotus leaf they saw a man’s head---the rest of him was submerged.It was Shuisheng.Looking right and left, each soon discovered her husband---so this was where they were.英勇战斗于前，又放弃土地于后不是自相矛盾吗？这些英勇战斗者的血，不是白流了吗？
Is it not self-contradictory to fight heroically first and then abandon territory? Will not our heroic fighters have shed their blood in vain? 层层的叶子中间，零星地点缀着些白花，有袅娜地开着的，有羞涩地打着朵儿的；正如一粒粒的明珠，又如碧天里的星星。微风过去，送来缕缕清香，仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的。
The leaves were dotted in between the layers with white flowers, some blooming gracefully;others, as if bashfully, still in bud.They were like bright pearls and stars in an azure sky.Their subtle fragrance was wafted by the passing breeze, in whiffs airy as the notes of a song coming faintly from some distant tower.中国社会主义建设的航船将乘风破浪地驶向现代化的光辉彼岸。
China will stride forward in building socialism, like a ship braving the wind and the waves, towards the glorious destination of modernization.我们之间关系的发展使我们不仅成为亲密的朋友而且成为兄弟。
Our relations have so grown that they bind us not only as close friends but also brothers.他心直口快，总是愿意和任何人交朋友，所以很快就赢得了大家的信任。His outspokenness and readiness to make friends with anyone soon won their trust.中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。
A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to any countries.轻纺工业产品的花色品种增多，质量继续有所提高。
Light industry and textile products are now available in better design and quality and richer variety.他（祥子）确乎有点像棵树，坚壮，沉默，而又有生气。
He/Xiangzi was indeed rather like a tree, sturdy, silent yet full of life.自然科学的皇后是数学。数学的皇冠是数论。哥德巴赫猜想则是皇冠上的明珠。
The empress of natural science is mathematics.The crown of mathematics is number theory.And Goldbach’s conjecture is the most precious jewel on the crown.母亲一把大剪刀，仿佛裁掉了我童年的忧伤，给我剪出一个原来如此瑰丽的世界。
Mother had a big pair of scissors, with which she seemed to cut off the sorrows of my childhood and cut out for me such a surpassingly beautiful world.哈佛是最早接受中国留学生的美国大学之一。中国教育界、科学界、文化界一直同哈佛大学保持着学术交流。Harvard is among the first American universities to accept Chinese students.The Chinese educational, scientific and cultural communities have all along maintained academic exchanges with this university.农民缺乏训练，许多农场生产率低下，这就使得大多数农民处于贫穷的困境。
Inadequate training for farmers and the low productivity of many farmers place the majority of country dwellers in a disadvantageous position in their own countries.只有冷静才能成功。
Success depends on calm minds.第一次见面，司徒乔给我的印象就极好。
The first meeting with Situ Qiao made a wonderful impression on me.那天晚上底天色不大好，可是爹爹也到来，实在很难得！
It looked like rain that evening, yet, to our great joy, Father came nevertheless.学习的敌人是自习的满足，要认真学习一点东西，必须从不自满开始。
Complacency is the enemy of study.We cannot really learn anything until we rid ourselves of complacency.车轮一顿，在轨道上站定了；车门里弹出去似的跳下了许多人。
The train stopped with a clang and a jerk.A number of people shot out of the carriage door.人们认为他翻译的这首诗不忠于原文。
His translation of this poem was regarded unfaithful.上海这几年发生巨大的变化，赢得全世界人民的赞叹。
That Shanghai has changed greatly in recent years has won admiration from people all over the world.几十年来，我经常想到这一只狗，直到今天，我一想到它，还会不自主地流下眼泪。
He has been in my mind for decades.Even today, I cannot restrain my tears whenever I think of him.父亲、母亲的形象还能回忆一点儿，但很模糊。
Even today I can recollect what my own parents looked like but, of course, my impression is blurry.我愿和故乡的人，以及普天下的福建侨民，一同在精神和物质文明方面，把故乡建设得更美好。
I hope that together with all the people in my hometown as well as all overseas Chinese from Fujian, I can do my bit to make a still better place of my ancestral home, both materially and culturally.抓住两个关键环节。一是经济结构的战略性调整，另一个是继续扩大对外开放。
The two key policies to be implemented are: to realize the strategic economic restructuring and continue to open up to the outside world.这次大会确立的全面建设小康社会的目标，是中国特色社会主义经济、政治、文化全面发展的目标，是与加快推进现代化相统一的目标，符合我国国情和现代化建设的实际，符合人民的愿望，意义十分重大。
The objectives set at this congress for building a well-off society in an all-round way are objectives of comprehensive economic, political and cultural development of socialism with Chinese characteristics, objectives well geared to the efforts to speed up modernization.They tally with the national conditions, the realities of the modernization drive and the people’s aspirations.They are of great significance.哈佛是最早接受中国留学生的美国大学之一。中国教育界、科学界、文化界一直同哈佛大学保持着学术交流。Harvard is among the first American universities to accept Chinese students.The Chinese educational, scientific and cultural communities have all along maintained academic exchanges with this university.他比赛失败，我感到很惊讶。
I was not a little surprised that he lost the game.鲁镇的酒店的格局，是和别处不同的：都是当街一个曲尺形的大柜台，柜里面预备着热水，可以随时温酒。
The wine shops in Luzhen are not like those in other parts of China.They all have a right-angled counter facing the street, where hot water is kept ready for warming wine.海洋覆盖了地球表面的71%，是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分，也是资源的宝库，环境的重要调节器。The ocean, which covers 71 percent of the earth’s surface, is a basic component of the global bio-support system.It is also a treasure house of resources and an important regulator of the environment.邓小平的经济思想给了中国改革开放一股巨大的推动力，为中国改革开放作出了历史贡献。
Deng Xiaoping’s economic thought, giving huge impetus to China’s reform and opening-up, is a historical contribution in this regard.事虽经纬万端，但纵观全局，合则对国家有利，分则必伤民族元气。
Complicated as the matter was, an overall view of the situation will show that united, the country and the nation benefit;divided they suffer.我们相信，在新的一年里，通过双方的努力，我们的业务和友好合作关系会得到发展。
We believe we will be able to develop business relations and friendly co-operation through our common efforts in the coming year.黄果树瀑布高68米，宽81米，每秒流量700多立方米，滚滚而下如天河倾泻。
The Huangguoshu Cataract is 68 meters high and 81 meters wide.With a flow of more than 700 cubic meters of water per second, huge amounts of water seem like pouring from the sky.要弄懂喷气发动机的工作原理，最简单的方法是观察空气是怎样从气球里溢出来的。The simplest way to understand how a jet engine works is to watch air escaping form a balloon.他的计划虽然无懈可击，却不能付诸实践。
His plan is impracticable though invulnerable.从山坡上滚下来的石头其动量（momentum）会越来越大。A rock rolling down the mountainside will be gathering momentum.晚上我们从中国大使馆回旅馆的时候，天已经完全黑了。
In the evening, it was already dark when we were on our way to the hotel from the Chinese embassy.忠言逆耳利于行，良药苦口利于病。
Just as bitter medicine cures sickness, so unpalatable advice benefits conduct.自从来到厦门，我几乎天天都要到海滨去散步。
Ever since I came to Xiamen, I’ve been in the habit of going for a walk along the seashore almost every day.世界上往往有许多巧事，是你没有想到的。
Lots of things happen by mere coincidence in this world.他只好硬着头皮，装出也不在乎的态度。
…he had no alternative but to brazen it out and pretend that he did not care, either.回忆中的情景很多，在此就不一一描写了。
My experiences of this trip, however, are too numerous to be recounted one by one here.世界上只有海水取之不尽，用之不竭。
In our world only the sea water is inexhaustible.本文所讲的内容对通讯工程师来说是很有趣的。
What this paper discusses is of great interest to communication engineers.在零售和烹调方面，家办企业的买卖完全超过了国家办的。
In the retail and catering sectors, the business of household operations has surpassed that of the state.在我们这个时代，任何人想要在社会上起作用，就必须接受必要的教育。
In our times, substantial education is indispensable for anyone to play his role in society.本文认为，这一定义具有重要意义。
The author holds that this definition is of great significance.中国观察问题不是看社会制度。
China does not regard social systems as a criterion in its approach to problems.我们大家惊奇的是，那幢经受强烈的地震而幸存下来的唯一建筑物竟是砖木结构的。
To our great surprise, the only building that survived the violent earthquake was one of brick and wood structure.和古庙正好隔河相对的那座宝塔据说是明代的建筑。
It is said that the pagoda just across the river from the ancient temple was built in the Ming Dynasty.互相尊重的精神是我们今天文化合作的基础。
The framework of mutual respect sustains our own cultural cooperation today.自从他出国后，我从未听到过他的消息。
I have never heard about him since he went abroad.这座旅馆能接待300 多个旅客。
This hotel can accommodate over three hundred guests.这只船容易颠覆，因为他造型不合理。
This boat is apt to overturn because it is unreasonably shaped.人们来到莫干山，目的可都不一样。
People do not come to Mogan Mountain with one and the same purpose.
第四篇：E-C 长句翻译练习
Exercise Unit 141、The era of blatant discrimination ended in the 1960s through the courageous actions of thousands of blacks participating in peaceful marches and sit-ins, to force Southern states to implement the Federal desegregation laws in schools and public accommodation.2、A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who insists that women have outgrown the jumping-on-the-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a colonel who says that they haven’t.3、Times goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty, when there are pretty children in a pool and young Diana on the edge, to receive with wonder any thing you can catch!
4、The 25-year teaching veteran says he was denied a promotion and pay raise last year because he hadn’t published a sufficient number of research papers.5、The saga of the White Star liner Titanic, which struck an iceberg and sank on its maiden voyage in 1912, carrying more than 1500 passengers to their deaths, has been celebrated in print and on film, in poetry and song.Key:
1、六十年代，千千万万的黑人参加了和平游行示威和静坐，他们的勇敢行动迫使南方各州执行联邦政府关于在学校和公共场所所废除种族隔离的法律，从而结束了公然歧视黑人的时代。
2、席间，一位年轻的女士和一位上校激烈地争论开了。女士认为，妇女进步了，不再是过去那种一见老鼠就吓得跳起来的妇女了。而上校认为妇女并没有多大的改变。
3、当你跟可爱的孩子们站在池子里，又有个年轻的狄安娜在池边好奇地接受你捉上来的任何东西的时候，如果你懂得什么叫美的话，时间是过得很快的。
4、这位与25年教龄的老教师说，由于他未能发表足够数量的科研论文，去年没有给他提职、加薪。
5、白星公司的班轮泰坦尼克号在1912年处女航中因撞上冰山而沉没，船上1500多名乘客遇难。此后关于她的种种传说便成为各种刊物、电影以及诗歌、歌曲的内容而广为流传。
第五篇：英语长句的翻译
英语长句的翻译
一般来说, 造成长句的原因有三方面:(1)修饰语过多;(2)并列成分多;(3)语言结构层次多。
在分析长句时可以采用下面的方法: 找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语, 从整体上把握句子的结构。
找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。
分析从句和短语的功能, 例如, 是否为主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句等,若是状语, 它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等等)。
分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系, 例如, 定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。注意插入语等其他成分。
注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。
下面我们结合一些实例来进行分析: 例1.Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.例2.分析:(1)该句的主语为behaviorists, 谓语为suggest, 宾语为一个从句, 因此整个句子为Behaviorist suggest that-clause 结构。
(2)该句共有五个谓语结构, 它们的谓语动词分别为suggest, is raised, are, develop, experience等, 这五个谓语结构之间的关系为: Behaviorist suggest that-clause 结构为主句;who is raised in an environment为定语从句, 所修饰的先行词为child;where there are many stimuli为定语从句, 所修饰的先行词为environment;which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses为定语从句, 所修饰的先行词为stimuli;在suggest的宾语从句中, 主语为child, 谓语为experience, 宾语为greater intellectual development.在作了如上的分析之后, 我们就会对该句具有了一个较为透彻的理解, 然后根据我们上面所讲述的各种翻译方法, 就可以把该句翻译成汉语为: 行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。
例3.For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home, with almost unlimited entertainment available, than to go out in search of amusement elsewhere.分析:(1)该句的骨干结构为it is more … to do sth than to do sth else.是一个比较结构, 而且是在两个不定式之间进行比较。
(2)该句中共有三个谓语结构, 它们之间的关系为: it is more convenient as well as cheaper to … 为主体结构, 但it是形式主语, 真正的主语为第二个谓语结构: to sit comfortably at home, 并与第三个谓语结构to go out in search of amusement elsewhere作比较。
(3)句首的for a family of four作状语, 表示条件。另外, 还有两个介词短语作插入语: for example, with almost unlimited entertainment available,其中第二个介词短语作伴随状语, 修饰to sit comfortably at home.综合上述翻译方法，这个句子我们可以翻译为：譬如, 对于一个四口之家来说, 舒舒服服地在家中看电视, 就能看到几乎数不清的娱乐节目, 这比到外面别的地方去消遣又便宜又方便。
英语习惯于用长的句子表达比较复杂的概念, 而汉语则不同,常常使用若干短句, 作层次分明的叙述。因此, 在进行英译汉时, 要特别注意英语和汉语之间的差异, 将英语的长句分解, 翻译成汉语的短句。在英语长句的翻译过程中, 我们一般采取下列的方法。
顺序法
当英语长句的内容的叙述层次与汉语基本一致时, 可以按照英语原文的顺序翻译成汉语。例如: 例1.Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.分析: 该句子由一个主句, 三个作伴随状语的现在分词以及位于句首的时间状语从句组成, 共有五层意思: A.既使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时;B.电仍在为我们工作;C.帮我们开动电冰箱;D.加热水;E.或是室内空调机继续运转。上述五层意思的逻辑关系以及表达的顺序与汉语完全一致, 因此, 我们可以通过顺序法, 把该句翻译成: 即使在我们关掉了床头灯深深地进入梦乡时, 电仍在为我们工作: 帮我们开动电冰箱, 把水加热, 或使室内空调机继续运转。
例2.But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials.分析: 该句的骨干结构为“It is realized that…”, it为形式主语, that引导着主语从句以及并列的it is even possible to …结构, 其中, 不定式作主语, the time …是“expectation of life”的同位语, 进一步解释其含义, 而time后面的句子是它的定语从句。五个谓语结构, 表达了四个层次的意义: A.可是现在人们意识到;B.其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的;C.人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”;D.将这些已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽的时间。根据同位语从句的翻译方法, 把第四层意义的表达作适当的调整, 整个句子就翻译为: 可是现在人们意识到, 其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的, 人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”, 也就是说, 经过若干年后, 这些矿物的全部已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽。
下面我们再列举几个实例:
例3.Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male-dominated culture.在20世纪以前, 小说中的妇女像都是一个模式。她们没有任何特点, 因而无法成为具有个性的人;他们还要屈从于由男性主宰的文化传统强加给他们的种种束缚。
例4.This method of using “controls” can be applied to a variety of situations, and can be used to find the answer to questions as widely different as “Must moisture be present if iron is to rust?” and “Which variety of beans gives the greatest yield in one season?”
这种使用参照物的方法可以应用于许多种情况, 也能用来找到很不相同的各种问题的答案, 从“铁生锈, 是否必须有一定的湿度才行?”到“哪种豆类一季的产量最高?”
例5.It begins as a childlike interest in the grand spectacle and exciting event;it grows as a mature interest in the variety and complexity of the drama, the splendid achievements and terrible failures;it ends as deep sense of the mystery of man’s life of all the dead, great and obscure, who once walked the earth, and of wonderful and awful possibilities of being a human being.我们对历史的爱好起源于我们最初仅对一些历史上的宏伟场面和激动人心的事件感到孩童般的兴趣;其后, 这种爱好变得成熟起来, 我们开始对历史这出“戏剧”的多样性和复杂性, 对历史上的辉煌成就和悲壮失败也感兴趣;对历史的爱好, 最终以我们对人类生命的一种深沉的神秘感而告结束。对死去的, 无论是伟大与平凡, 所有在这个地球上走过而已逝的人，都有能取得伟大奇迹或制造可怕事件的潜力。
例6.If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment , they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it.如果做父母的对这种青少年的反应有所准备, 而且认为这是一个显示出孩子正在成长, 正在发展珍贵的观察力和独立的判断力的标志, 他们就不会感到如此伤心, 所以也就不会因对此有愤恨和反对的情绪而把孩子推到对立面去。
逆序法
英语有些长句的表达次序与汉语表达习惯不同, 甚至完全相反, 这时必须从原文后面开始翻译。例如: 例1.Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for which it has a strong affinity.分析: 这个句子由一个主句, 两个原因状语和一个定语从句, “铝直到19世纪才被人发现”是主句, 也是全句的中心内容, 全句共有四个谓语结构, 共有五层意思: A.铝直到19世纪才被人发现;B.由于在自然界找不到游离状态的铝;C.由于它总是跟其他元素结合在一起;D.最普遍的是跟氧结合;E.铝跟氧有很强的亲和力。按照汉语的表达习惯通常因在前, 果在后, 这样, 我们可以逆着原文的顺序把该句翻译成: 铝总是跟其他元素结合在一起, 最普遍的是跟氧结合;因为铝跟氧有很强的亲和力, 由于这个原因, 在自然界找不到游离状态的铝。所以, 铝直到19世纪才被人发现。
例2.It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.分析: 该句由一个主句, 一个条件状语从句和一个宾语从句组成, “……变得越来越重要”是主句, 也是全句的中心内容, 全句共有三个谓语结构, 包含三层含义: A.……变的越来越重要;B.如果要使学生充分利用他们的机会;C.得为他们提供大量更为详尽的信息, 作更多的指导。为了使译文符合汉语的表达习惯, 我们也采用逆序法, 翻译成: 因此, 如果要使学生充分利用他们(上大学)的机会, 就得为他们提供大量关于课程的更为详尽的信息, 作更多的指导。这个问题显得越来越重要了。下面我们再举几个实例:
例3.It is probably easier for teachers than for students to appreciate the reasons why learning English seems to become increasingly difficult once the basic structures and patterns of the language have been understood.一旦了解英语的基本结构和句型, 再往下学似乎就越来越难了, 这其中的原因, 也许教师比学生更容易理解。
例4.They(the poor)are the first to experience technological progress as a curse which destroys the old muscle-power jobs that previous generations used as a means to fight their way out of poverty.对于以往几代人来说, 旧式的体力劳动是一种用以摆脱贫困的手段, 而技术的进步则摧毁了穷人赖以为生的体力劳动, 因此首先体验到技术进步之害的是穷人。
例5.A great number of graduate students were driven into the intellectual slum when in the United States the intellectual poor became the classic poor, the poor under the rather romantic guise of the Beat Generation, a real phenomenon in the late fifties.50年代后期的美国出现了一个任何人都不可能视而不见的现象, 穷知识分子以“跨掉的一代”这种颇为浪漫的姿态出现而成为美国典型的穷人, 正是这个时候大批大学生被赶进了知识分子的贫民窟。
例6.Such is a human nature in the West that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers.许多人宁愿牺牲比较高的工资以换取成为白领工人的社会地位, 这在西方倒是人之常情。
例7.Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world;they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.◎ 假如没有那些以昆虫为食的动物保护我们, 昆虫将吞噬我们所有的庄稼, 害死我们的牛羊家畜, 使我们不能生存于世。
分句法 有时英语长句中主语或主句与修饰词的关系并不十分密切, 翻译时可以按照汉语多用短句的习惯,把长句的从句或短语化成句子, 分开来叙述,为了使语意连贯, 有时需要适当增加词语。例如:◎
例1.The number of the young people in the United States who can’t read is incredible about one in four.上句在英语中是一个相对简单的句子, 但是如果我们按照原文的句子结构死译, 就可能被翻译成: 没有阅读能力的美国青年人的数目令人难以相信约为1/4。
这样, 就使得译文极为不通顺, 不符合汉语的表达习惯, 因此, 我们应该把它译为: 大约有1/4的美国青年人没有阅读能力, 这简直令人难以置信。
例2.Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining.分析: 在此长句中, 有一个插入语“it is often said”, 三个并列的谓语结构, 还有一个定语从句, 这三个并列的谓语结构尽管在结构上同属于同一个句子,但都有独立的意义, 因此在翻译时, 可以采用分句法, 按照汉语的习惯把整个句子分解成几个独立的分句, 结果为: 人们常说, 通过电视可以了解时事, 掌握科学和政治的最新动态。从电视里还可以看到层出不穷、既有教育意义又有娱乐性的新节目。下面我们再举一个例子:
例3.All they have to do is press a button, and they can see plays, films, operas, and shows of every kind, not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.(85年考题)他们所必须做的只是按一下开关。开关一开, 就可以看到电视剧、电影、歌剧, 以及其他各种各样的文艺节目。至于政治问题的辩论、最近的激动人心的足球赛更是不在话下。
例4.Although perhaps only 1 per cent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns, so vast is the number of planets that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe.虽然在某处已经开始的生命中可能仅有百分之一会发展成高度复杂、有智慧的型式, 但是行星的数目如此之多,以致有智慧的生命一定是宇宙的一个天然组成部分。
综合法
我们讲述了英语长句的逆序法、顺序法和分句法, 事实上,在翻译一个英语长句时, 并不只是单纯地使用一种翻译方法, 而是要求我们把各种方法综合使用, 这在我们上面所举的例子中也有所体现。尤其是在一些情况下, 一些英语长句单纯采用上述任何一种方法都不方便, 这就需要我们的仔细分析, 或按照时间的先后,或按照逻辑顺序, 顺逆结合, 主次分明地对全句进行综合处理,以便把英语原文翻译成通顺忠实的汉语句子。例如: 例1.People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else.分析: 该句共有三层含义: A: 人们不敢出门;B: 尽管警察已接到命令, 要作好准备以应付紧急情况;C: 警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能为力。在这三层含义中, B表示让步, C表示原因, 而A则表示结果, 按照汉语习惯顺序, 我们作如下的安排: 尽管警察已接到命令, 要作好准备以应付紧急情况, 但人们不敢出门, 因为警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能为力。下面我们再举几个例子:
例2.Modern scientific and technical books, especially textbooks, requires revision at short ◎intervals if their authors wish to keep pace with new ideas, observations and discoveries.对于现代书籍, 特别是教科书来说, 要是作者希望自己书中的内容能与新概念、新观察到的事实和新发现同步发展的话, 那么就应该每隔较短的时间, 将书中的内容重新修改。
例3.Taking his cue from Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, in which the heroine, Nora, leaves home because she resents her husband’s treating her like a child, the writer Lu Xun warned that Nora would need money to support herself;she must have economic rights to survive.易卜生的剧作《玩偶之家》中的女主人公娜拉离家出走, 因为她憎恶她的丈夫像对待孩子一样来对待她。作家鲁迅从中得到启示, 从而告诫人们娜拉得需要钱来养活自己, 她要生存就必须有经济上的权利。
例4.Up to the present time, throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, this new tendency placed the home in the immediate suburbs, but concentrated manufacturing activity, business relations, government, and pleasure in the centers of the cities.到目前为止, 经历了18和19两个世纪, 这种新的倾向是把住宅安排在城市的近郊, 而把生产活动、商业往来、政府部门以及娱乐场所都集中在城市的中心地区。
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