第一篇:英美文学方向硕士研究生阅读书目(大全)
硕士研究生文献阅读要求(第1版)
如果你希望走学术之路,请按下列书单阅读一些初步的书目。这里开列的是中文书目,红色标注为必读书目,未标注的也为重要的通识性基本书目。暂时没有开英文书目,原因有三,一是从中文书目中可以推导自己应该读哪些英文书目,二是“阅读量要求”部分已经涵盖了相当的英文阅读量,三是课题教学有相应的英文阅读书目要求。当然,我有可能在适当的时候推出英文书单。
阅读量要求:
1.熟悉掌握西方重要文论家的重要文论30部(篇以上)
2.研究小说要求阅读英美小说20部以上
研究诗歌要求阅读英美重要诗人30人以上
3.通读自己感兴趣的领域的文学发生背景、基础理论、专题研究15部(篇)
4.自己打算研究的作者的著作和相关研究成果30部(篇)以上
5.一套比较权威的文学史书籍
1.文学与宗教:
《拯救与逍遥》,刘小枫著,上海三联书店 2001年。
《宗教与文学》,加德纳著,江先春等译,四川人民出版社 1998年。
《基督教的底色与文化延伸》,杨慧林著,黑龙江人民出版社2002年。
《神学与当代文艺思想》,伯尔等著,徐菲等译,上海三联书1995年。
《欧洲中世纪诗学》,陆扬著,上海社会科学出版社 2000年。
《诠释学、宗教、希望》,特雷西著,冯川译,上海三联书店 1998年。
《天路、人路:英国近代文学与基督教思想》,卞昭慈著,四川大学出版社 2001。《伟大的代码——圣经与文学》,弗莱著,郝振益等译,北京大学出版社 1998年。《神力的语言》,弗莱著,社会科学文献出版社。
2.文学理论
《西方文论关键词》,赵一凡主编,外语教学与研究出版社 2005年.高等教育出版社推出的《二十世纪西方文论选》和《西方文论史》(红色封面)
《二十世纪美国文论》,盛宁著,北京大学出版社1994年
《镜与灯》
二十世纪西方文论也可参阅下列书籍:
“20世纪西方文论研究丛书”(共9册),王岳川主编,山东教育出版社 1998年:《“新马克思主义”文论》
《精神分析文论》
《形式主义文论》
《现象学与解释学文论》
《存在主义文论》
《接受反应文论》
《后结构主义文论》
《女权主义文论》
《后殖民主义与新历史主义文论》
《西方二十世纪文论史》,胡经之等,中国社会科学出版社 1988年
《二十世纪西方文论研究》,郭宏安等,中国社会科学出版1997年
《20世纪的文学批评》,(法)塔迪埃著,百花文艺出版社1998年
3.其它书目:
黑格尔,《美学》
维科,《新科学》
罗素,《西方哲学史》
朱光潜,《西方美学史》
尼采,《悲剧的诞生》,《道德谱系》,《文明及其缺陷》
韦伯,《新教伦理与资本主义精神》
萨特,《存在与虚无》
德里达,《文字学》
孔子,《论语》;
庄子,《道德经》
刘勰,《文心雕龙》
曹雪芹,《红楼梦》
钱钟书,《谈艺录》,《管锥篇》
《悲剧精神与欧洲思想文化史论》,周春生著,上海人民出版99年。
《道德理想国的覆灭——从卢梭到罗伯斯庇尔》,朱学勤著,三联书店 94年。《文学对抗哲学——从柏拉图到德里达》,马克·爱德蒙森著,中央编译出版社
2000年。
《沉重的肉身》,刘小枫著,上海人民出版社 1999年。
《诠释与过度诠释》,艾柯等著,王宇根译,三联书店 1997年。
《影响的焦虑》,布鲁姆著,徐文博译,三联书店 1989年。
《资本主义文化矛盾》,丹尼尔.贝尔,赵一凡等译,三联书店1989年。《新历史主义与文学批评》,张京媛著,北京大学出版社 1993年。福柯著作系列包括《疯癫与文明》、《词与物》等。
《论文学与艺术》,弗洛伊德著,常宏译 ,国际文化出版社2001年。《心理学与文学》,荣格著,冯川译,三联书店 1987年。
《集体无意识》,荣格著。
《批评的解剖》,弗莱著。
《金枝》,弗雷泽著,徐育新等译,中国民间文艺出版社 1987年。
第二篇:英美文学推荐书目
1.《巴黎圣母院》
2.《红楼梦》
3.《呼啸山庄》
4.《瓦尔登湖》
5.《莫泊桑短篇小说集》
6.《福尔摩斯探案集》
7.《梦的解析》
8.《形而上学》
9.《狼图腾》
10.《罗马法原理》
11.《沉思录》
12.《理想国》
13.《草根》
14.《了不起的盖茨比》
15.《挪威的森林》
16.《我死之前》
17.《誓鸟》
18.《红与黑》
19.《千年一叹》《借我一生》《行者无疆》《文化苦旅》
20.《嘉莉妹妹》
21.《红字》
22.《读大学,读什么》
23.《汪国真散文集》《汪国真诗集》
24.《万水千山走遍》
25.《长恨歌》
26.《世界因你而不同-李开复自传》
27.《明朝那些事儿》
28.《水泥花园》
29.《秘密》(法)
30.《三狗生活》
31.《红孩子》
32.《寻找漩涡猫的方法》
33.《悲惨世界》
34.《穆斯林的葬礼》
35.《亨利六世》
36.《钢铁是怎样炼成的》
37.《小王子》
38.《道德经》
39.《易经》
40.《货币战争》
41.《茶花女》
42.《生命中不能承受之轻》
43.《苏菲的世界》
44.《追风筝的人》
45.《墨迹》
46.《阳光溪农庄的丽贝卡》
47.《心灵鸡汤》
48.《羊皮卷》
49.《鲁滨逊漂流记》
50.《人性的弱点》
51.《安琪拉的灰烬》《教书匠》(弗兰克·迈考特)
52.《遇见未来的自己》
53.《偷书贼》
54.《达芬奇密码》
55.《杜拉拉升职记》
56.《郁金香》
57.《安娜卡·列琳娜》
58.《傲慢与偏见》
59.《弗兰肯斯坦》
60.《水浒传》
61.《三国演义》
62.《兄弟》
63.《童年》《我的大学》《在人间》
64.《飘》
65.《泰戈尔诗集》
66.《野性的呼唤》
67.《简·爱》
68.《快乐的科学》
69.《包法利夫人》
70.《长腿叔叔》
71.《再见了,可鲁》
72.《伊豆舞女》
73.《纸牌的秘密》
74.《被窝是青春的坟墓》
75.《席慕容诗集》
76.《最是寻常梦》
77.《骆驼祥子》
78.《平凡的世界》
79.《渴望生活》
80.《时代广场的蟋蟀》
81.《哈利·波特》
82.《局外人》
83.《基督山伯爵》
84.《犹太人的故事》
85.《士兵突击》
86.《围城》
87.《雾都孤儿》
88.《妞妞---一个父亲的札记》
89.《麦田的守望者》
90.《美国常春藤上的中国蜗牛》
91.《谁动了我的奶酪》
92.《毛泽东传》
93.《时间简史》
94.《京华烟云》
95.《梦里花落知多少》(三毛)
96.《歌剧魅影》
97.《沉思录》
98.《菊与刀》
99.《国富论》
100.《浮士德》
101.《论语》
102.《诗经》
103.《阅微草堂笔记》
104.《菜根谭》
105.《边城》
106.《周恩来传》
107.《中国哲学简史》(冯友兰)108.《生命的尊严与死亡的尊严》 109.《大地之灯》
110.《海子全集》
111.《尘埃落定》
112.《百年孤独》
113.《人生若只如初见》 114.《家》《春》《秋》
115.《汤姆叔叔的小屋》 116.《欧·亨利短篇小说集》
第三篇:英美文学阅读建议书目
英美文学阅读建议书目
Jane Austen 1775-1817简.奥斯汀 Emma《爱玛》 Mansfield Park 《曼斯菲尔德庄园》 Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》 Persuasion《劝导》 Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》 Louisa M.Alcott 1832-1888露意莎.奥尔珂德 Little Women《小妇人》 Good Wives《好妻子》 Anne Bronte 1820-1849安.勃朗特 The Tenant of Wildfell Hall 《怀尔德菲尔府的房客》 Agnes Grey 《艾格妮斯.格雷》 Charlotte Bronte 1816-1855夏洛特.勃朗特 Jane Eyre 《简.爱》 The Professor 《教师》 Emily Bronte 1818-1848 埃米丽.勃朗特 Wuthering Heights 《呼啸山庄》 Francis Bacon 1561-1626 弗兰西斯.培根 Essays 《弗兰西斯.培根论文集》 John Bunyan 1628-1688 约翰.班扬 The Pilgrims Progress 《天路历程》 The Holy War 《圣战》 Lewis Carroll 1832-1898 刘易斯.卡罗尔 Alices Adventures in Wonderland 《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》 Through the Looking Glass 《爱丽丝漫游镜中世界》 Joseph Conrad 1857-1924 约瑟夫.康拉德 Lord Jim 《吉姆老爷》 Nostromo 《诺斯特罗摩》 The Secret Agent 《特务》 Heart of Darkness 《黑暗的心灵》 Youth 《青春》 The Shadow Line 《阴影线》 The Nigger of the Marcissus 《白水仙花号上的黑家伙》 Almayers Folly 《奥尔迈耶的愚蠢》 Stephen Crane 1871-1900 斯蒂芬.克莱恩 Maggie-A Girl of the Streets 《街头女郎梅季》 The Red Badge of Courage 《红色英勇勋章》 Wilkie Collins 1824-1889 科林斯 No Name 《没有姓名》 The New Magdalen 《新玛格达琳》 The Woman in White 《白衣女人》 The Moonstone 《月亮宝石》 Willa Cather 1873-1947 薇拉.凯瑟 Alexanders Bridge 《亚历山大的桥》 My Antonia 《我的安东妮亚》 O Pioneers 《啊拓荒者》 The Song of the Lark 《云雀之歌》 The Troll Garden and Selected Stories 《特罗尔花园》 Charles Dickens 1812-1870 查尔斯.狄更斯 A Christmas Carol 《圣诞欢歌》 A Tale of Two Cities 《双城记》 American Notes 《旅美札记》 Barnaby Rudge 《巴纳比.拉奇》 David Copperfield 《大卫.科波菲尔》 Domby and Son 《董贝父子》 Bleak House 《荒凉山庄》 Great Expectations 《远大前程》 The Haunted Man and the Ghosts Bargain 《神缠身的人》 Hard Times 《艰难时事》 Nicholas Nickleby 《尼古拉斯.尼克贝尔》 The Mystery of Edwin Drood 《爱德温.德鲁德之谜》 Little Dorrit 《小杜丽》 Oliver Twist 《雾都孤儿》 The Old Curiosity Shop 《老古玩店》 Martin Chuzzlewit 《马丁.朱述尔维持》 Our Mutual Friend 《我们共同的朋友》 The Pickwick Papers 《匹克威克外传》 The Cricket on the Hearth 《炉边蟋蟀》 The Battle of Life 《人生的战斗》 Daniel Defoe 1660-1731 丹尼尔.笛福 The Journal of the Plague Year 《瘟疫年纪事》 Robinson Crusoe-1 《鲁滨逊漂流记》 Robinson Crusoe-2 《鲁滨逊漂流记续集》 Moll Flanders 《摩尔.弗兰德斯》 Sir Arthur Conan Doyle 1859-1930 阿瑟.柯南道尔 The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes 《福尔摩斯探案集》 The Hound of the Baskervilles 《巴斯克维尔庄园的猎犬》 The Return of Sherlock Holmes 《福尔摩斯归来记》 A Study in Scarlet The Lost World The Sign of Four 《猩红色的谜》 《失去的世界》 《四签名》 Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes 《福尔摩斯回忆录》 The Poison Belt 《有毒带》 The Valley of Fear 《恐怖峡谷》 George Eliot 1819-1880 乔治.艾略特 The Mill on the Floss 《弗罗斯河上的磨坊》 Middlemarch 《米德尔马奇》 Silas Marner 《织工马南传》 Adam Bede 《亚当.贝德》 Ralph W.Emerson 1803-1882 爱默生 English Traits 《英国人的特性》 Essays 《论文集》 The Conduct of Life 《生活行为》 Benjamin Franklin 1706-1790 本杰明.富兰克林 Poor Richards Almanack 1733-1758 《穷理查的历书》 The Autobiography 《自传》 Henry Fielding 1707-1754 亨利.菲尔丁 The History of Tom Jones A Foundling 《弃儿汤姆.琼斯的历史》 Elizabeth C.Gaskell 1810-1865 伊丽莎白.加斯克尔 Mary Barton 《玛丽.巴顿》 Sylvias Lovers 《西尔维亚的恋人》 Cousin Phillis 《菲利丝表妹》 North and South 《北方与南方》 Wives and Daughters 《妻子和女儿》 Cranford 《克兰福德》 Ruth《露丝》 Nathaniel Hawthorne 1804-1864 霍桑 Twice-Told Tales 《重讲一遍的故事》 Mosses from an Old Manse
《古屋青苔》 The House of Seven Gables 《七个尖角阁的房子》 The Scarlet Letter 《红字》 The Snow Image 《雪的意象》 Thomas Hardy 1840-1928 托马斯.哈代 A Pair of Blue Eyes 《一双碧眼》 Tess of the dUrbervilles 《德伯家的苔丝》 The Mayor of Casterbridge 《卡斯特桥市长》 Jude the Obscure 《无名的裘德》 Far from the Madding Crowd 《远离尘嚣》 The Return of the Native 《还乡》 Washington Irving 1783-1859 华盛顿.欧文 The Adventures of Captain Bonneville 《博纳维尔上尉探险记》 The Sketch Book 《见闻札记》 The Alhambra 《爱尔汗布拉宫》 Henry James 1843-1916 亨利.詹姆斯 The Golden Bowl 《金碗》 The American 《美国人》 The Aspern Papers 《阿斯本文件》 Daisy Miller 《戴西.密勒》 The Europeans 《欧州人》 The Sacred Fount 《神圣源泉》 Death of the Lion 《名流之死》 The Figure in the Carpet 《地毯上的图案》 The Turn of the Screw 《螺丝在拧紧》 Roderick Hudson 《罗德里克.赫德森》 The Lesson of the Master 《大师的教诲》 Washington Square 《华盛顿广场》 The Ambassadors 《奉使记》 The Portrait of A Lady 《贵妇画像》 James Joyce 1882-1941 詹姆斯.乔伊斯 Dubliners 《都柏林人》 A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man 《艺术家青年时期写照》 Ulysses 《尤利西斯》 Thomas Jefferson 1743-1826 托马斯.杰弗逊 Autobiography 《自传》 Letters 《书信集》 Rudyard Kipling 1865-1936 吉卜林 Kim 《吉姆》 Puck of Pooks Hill 《普克山的派克》 Rewards and Fairies 《投偿和仙子们》 The Jungle Book 《丛林故事》 Andrew Lang 1844-1912 乌德鲁.兰 The Blue Fairy Book 《绿皮童话书》 The Red Fairy Book 《红皮童话书》 The Violet Fairy Book 《紫皮童话书》 The Yellow Fairy Book 《黄皮童话书》 D.H.Lawrence 1855-1930 戴.赫.劳伦斯 Lady Chatterlays Lover 《查太莱夫人的情人》 Women in Love 《恋爱中的女人》 Sons and Lovers 《儿子与情人》 Jack London 1876-1916 杰克.伦敦 Martin Eden 《马丁.伊登》 Burning Daylight 《天大亮》 John Barleycorn 《约翰.巴雷肯》 The Iron Heel 《铁蹄》 Love of Life and Other Stories 《热爱生命》 The Son of the Wolf 《狼的儿子》 The People of the Abyss 《深渊中的人们》 The Call of the Wild 《荒野的呼唤》 The White Fang 《白牙》 The Sea-Wolf 《海狼》 Herman Melville 1819-1891 赫曼.梅尔维尔 Benito Cereno 《班尼托.西兰诺》 Moby Dick The Whale 《白鲸》 Typee 《泰比》 Billy Budd 《比利.巴德》 John Milton 1608-1674 约翰.弥尔顿 Paradise Lost 《失乐园》 Paradise Regained 《复乐园》 William Morris 1834-1896 威廉.莫里斯 A Dream of John Ball and A Kings Lesson 《梦见约翰.鲍尔》 News from Nowhere 《乌有乡消息》 Frank Norris 1870-1902 弗兰克.诺里斯 Blix 《布里克斯》 McTeague 《麦克提格》 Moran of the Lady Letty 《莱蒂夫人号的莫兰》 The Octopus-A Story of California 《章鱼》 Harriet B.Stowe
1811-1896 哈丽特.斯托 Uncle Toms Cabin 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》 Jonathan Swift 1667-1745 斯威夫特 Gullivers Travels 《格列佛游记》 The Battle of the Books and Others 《书的战争》 Mary W.Shelly 1797-1851 玛丽.雪莱 Frankenstein 《弗兰肯斯坦》 Walter Scott 1771-1832 沃尔特.司各特 Ivanhoe 《艾凡赫》 Bride of Lammermoor 《拉马摩尔的新娘》 The Talisman-
A Tale of the Crusaders 《护符》 The Antiquary 《古董家》 Rob Roy 《罗布.罗伊》 Waverley 《威弗利》 The Heat of Mid-Lothian 《中洛辛郡的心脏》 William Shakespeare 1564-1616 莎士比亚 Alls Well That Ends Well 《终成眷属》 King John 《约翰王》 A Lovers Complaint 《情女怨》 As You Like It 《皆大欢喜》 King Richard II 《理查二世》 The Complete Works of William Shakespeare 《莎士比亚全集》 Measure for Measure 《一报还一报》 King Richard III 《理查三世》 A Midsummer Nights Dream 《仲夏夜之梦》 Much Ado About Nothing 《无事生非》 Pericles Prince of Type 《泰尔亲王配力克里斯》 Cymbeline 《辛伯林》 The Comedy of Errors 《错误的喜剧》 King Henry the Fourth 《亨利四世》 The History of Troilus and Cressida 《特洛伊罗斯与克瑞西达》 The Life of Timon of Athens 《雅典的泰门》 King Henry the Fifth 《亨利五世》 The Tragedy of King Lear 《李尔王》 The Tragedy of Hamlet Prince of
Denmark 《哈姆莱特》 King Henry the Sixth 《亨利六世》 The Tragedy of Julius Caesar 《裘力斯.凯撒》 The Tragedy of Coriolanus 《科利奥兰纳斯》 King Henry the Eighth 《亨利八世》 The Tragedy of Antony and Cleopatra 《安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉》 The Merchant of Venice 《威尼斯商人》 The Tempest 《暴风雨》 The Taming of the Shrew 《驯悍记》 The Passionate Pilgrim 《爱情的礼赞》 The Merry Wives of Windsor 《温莎的风流娘儿们》 The Phoenix and the Turtle 《凤凰和斑鸠》 The Tragedy of Macbeth 《麦克佩斯》 The Tragedy of Othello Moor of Venice 《奥赛罗》 Loves Labours Lost 《爱的徒劳》 Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》 The Rape of Lucrece 《鲁克丽丝受辱记》 The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》 Venus and Adonis 《维纳斯与阿都尼》 The Two Gentlemen of Verona 《维洛那二绅士》 The Tragedy of Titus Andronicus 《泰特斯.安德洛尼克斯》 The Sonnets 《十四行诗》 The Winters Tale 《冬天的故事》 Robert L.Stevenson 1850-1894 史蒂文森 Prince Otto 《奥托王子》 Treasure Island 《金银岛》 Across the Plains 《横穿普莱恩斯》 Kidnapped 《绑架》 In the South Seas 《在南海》 An Inland Voyage 《内河航程》 The Silverado Squatters 《西尔韦拉多-斯卡特斯》 Master of Ballantrae 《巴伦特雷少爷》 The Black Arrow 《黑箭》 Weir of Hermiston 《赫米斯顿的韦尔》 Travels with a Donkey in the Cevennes 《骑驴游塞文斯山脉》 The Strange Case of Dr.Jekyll and Mr.Hyde 《杰基尔医生和海德先生的奇案》 Henry D.Thoreau 1817-1862 梭罗 Walden 《沃尔登或林中生活》 Mark Twain 1835-1910 马克.吐温 The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 《哈克贝利.费恩历险记》 A Tramp Abroad 《国外漫游》 A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs《亚瑟王朝廷上的康涅狄格州美国人》 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆.索耶历险记》 Life on the Mississippi 《密西西北河上》 The 30000 Bequest 《三万元的遗产》 Tom Sawyer Abroad 《汤姆.索耶在国外》 Mark Twains Speeches 《演讲集》 The Innocents Abroad 《傻子出国记》 Tom Sawyer Detective 《汤姆.索耶探案》 The Prince and the Pauper 《王子与贫儿》 The Tragedy of Puddnhead Wilson 《傻瓜威尔逊的悲剧》 What is Man 《什么是人》 William Thackeray 1811-1863 威廉.萨克雷 Vanity Fair 《名利场》 The Rose and the Ring 《玫瑰与戒指》 Edith Wharton 1862-1937 伊迪丝.华顿 Bunner Sisters 《邦纳姐妹》 House of Mirth 《欢乐之家》 Summer 《夏天》 The Age of Innocence 《天真的时代》 The Reef 《暗礁》 H.G.Wells 1866-1946 赫伯特.乔治.威尔斯 The War in the Air 《空中战争》 Ann Veronica 《安.维罗尼卡》 The Door in the Wall and Other Stories 《墙中之门》 The War of the Worlds 《星际战争》 The Invisible Man 《隐身人》 The First Man in the Moon 《最先登上月球的人》 Tono Bungay 《托诺.邦盖》 The Island of Doctor Moreau 《莫洛医生的岛屿》 The Time Machine 《时间机器》 Oscar Wilde 1854-1900 奥斯卡.王尔德 An Ideal Husband 《理想丈夫》 A House of Pomegranates 《石榴房子》 A Woman of No Importance 《无足轻重的女人》 Intentions 《意图》 Lady Windermeres Fan 《少奶奶的扇子》 Lord Arthur Saviles Crime and Other Stories 《阿瑟.萨维尔勋爵的罪恶及其它故事》 The Picture of Dorian Gray 《道林.格雷的肖像》 The Importance of Being Earnest 《认真的重要》 The Happy Prince and Other Tales 《快乐王子及其它故事》
第四篇:英美文学
Analysis of Robinson Crusoe
2009级师范三班刘静 Robinson Crusoe is written by Defoe(1660 ~ 1731), known as the father of English novel and the periodical literature.He is the father of the English novel and periodical literature, who was born in a family which was against the Anglican Protestant.His father is a businessman, doing business.His article influenced the later development of journal articles and newspaper.Because the speech, he was repeatedly arrested.At the age of 59 Defoe began writing fiction as a novelist, show remarkable ability.Robinson Crusoe Robinson is Defoe's first novel, is also one of the most famous novels.It is based on a British seaman on a deserted island alone for 4 years in exile records and creation.Robinson is the heroine of Defoe works in accordance with their ideals and created the character, he killed out of doing business, living on a desert island for 28 years, overcome all sorts of unimaginable difficulties.He start empty-handed, develop the island, not only to their own survival, and create a new world.He was a pioneer in the image, a real asset class hero.In this figure embodies the western ocean civilization tradition, with the outward development of curiosity, desire to conquer and spirit of adventure, praised the strength quality and working spirit.The novel opens English realistic novel road.In this novel, there are so many about the Wonderful part, but two points impress: one is the author of the narrative language easy to understand.In front of the book, the author use a lot of space to introduce Robinson in the sea to sea before, whether does not listen to parents' guide, but follow the guidance of the soul, the careful psychological description, the author description most incisive.Two is a fascinating story, the protagonist of nearly thirty years of life vividly in front of us, let our eyes as if emerging from a young life.Robinson Crusoe is to let a person look after all that the most primitive, most of my books, not only because it is the wonderful, and it gives us the modern enlightenment.The most qualities I learn from Robinson Crusoe is not his hard-working and brave, but his amazing mental capacity.One can imagine, a single large living alone on a desert island life ten years, no one to accompany him, even the most basic, and a person simply talk for a while to do.The deserted island there is no house, no rice, can only rely on his own hard to create a piece of heaven and earth.The first nonwhite character to be given a realistic, individualized, and humane portrayal in the English novel, Friday has a huge literary and cultural importance.Recent rewritings of the Crusoe story, like J.M.Coetzee’s Foe and Michel Tournier’s Friday, emphasize the sad consequences of Crusoe’s
failure to understand Friday and suggest how the tale might be told very differently from the native’s perspective.Besides his importance to our culture, Friday is a key figure within the context of the novel.Friday’s sincere questions to Crusoe about the devil, which Crusoe answers only
indirectly and hesitantly, leave us wondering whether Crusoe’s knowledge of Christianity is superficial and sketchy in contrast to Friday’s full
understanding of his own god Benamuckee.In short, Friday’s exuberance and emotional directness often point out the wooden conventionality of Crusoe’s personality.Despite Friday’s subjugation, however, Crusoe appreciates Friday much more than he would a mere servant.Crusoe does not seem to value intimacy with humans much, but he does say that he loves Friday, which is a
remarkable disclosure.Crusoe may bring Friday Christianity and clothing, but Friday brings Crusoe emotional warmth and a vitality of spirit that Crusoe’s own European heart lacks.This novel shows that we need to believe ourselves, where there is a will, there is way.Use our hands, then see a new world.What is more, we are not only live ourselves in the world, we need to care about others.Be brave, and
never lose hope.
第五篇:英美文学
术语解释:
Couplets: a rhymed pair of Iambic pentameter lines.Blank verse: unrhymed Iambic pentameter lines.Sonnet: 14 Iambic pentameter lines which follows certain rhyme schemes.2.The conquest: In the year the Normans headed by which is mainly about 4.The Canterbury Tales, in Chaucer’s plan, was to exceed that of Boccaccio’s Decameron, but he failed and only 24 tales were written.5.William Shakespeare, one of the first founders of realism.6.In the first period of his work Shakespeare wrote:
1590The Second and Third part of King Henry VI
1591The First part of King Henry VI
1592The Life and Death of King Richard III;The Comedy of Errors
1593Titus Andronicus;The Taming of the Shrew
1594The Two Gentlemen of Verona;Love’s Labour’s Lost;Romeo and Juliet
1595The Life and Death of Richard II;A Midsummer Night’s Dream
***8Much Ado About Nothing;The Merry Wives of Windsor;The Life of King Henry V
1599The Life and Death of Julius Caesar;As You Like It
1600Twelfth Night, or, What You Will
In the second period:
1601 1602 Troilus and Cressida;All’s Well That Ends Well
160416051606Antony and Cleopatra
1607The Tragedy of Coriolanus;Timon of Athens
1608Pericles, Prince of Tyre
In the third period:
1609Cymbeline, King of Britain
1610The Winter’s Tale
1612The Tempest;The Life of King Henry VIII
7.Hamlet.To be, or not to be: that is the question: is soliloquy which used in a play on the stage and without a listener.To die, to sleep, no more.8.Francis Bacon is scientist, philosopher, essayist.John Donne, a metaphysical poets(玄学派诗人)
John Milton, his Paradise Lost, which tells how Satan rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven1
out of Eden.John Bunyan, The plain man’s pathway to heaven.成功刻画人物。
Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe, the first English novel, 是一部现实主义小说,作品的主题是通过对主人公鲁滨孙的成功刻画,歌颂资本主义上升时期那种不畏艰难和困苦,充满野心和冒险精神,富有百折不挠,顽强毅力和斗志,依靠自己的双手改变一切、创造一切的自我奋斗和创业精神。Is a realistic novel, the theme is according to the successfully describe of the hero Robinson, sing the praises of the not afraid of hardships and difficulties, and full of ambition and spirit of adventure , indomitable will power and fighting power, what’s more, the spirit of self-made depending on oneself in the liftperiod of capitalism.John Swift, his Gulliver’s Travels, 抨击当时英国的议会政治和反动的宗教势力,通过描写格列佛四次遇险,写出了作者看透了当代的腐败,以讽刺的方法,抨击了当时腐败的社会。Attack the Britain
parliamentarism and reactionary religious forces, according to describe Gulliver’s four-time distress to show the writer has understood the contemporary social corruption, and attack the corrupted society by satire at that time.Henry Fielding is the father of English novel.John Smith is the first American writer.Thomas Jefferson is the writer of The Declaration of Independence.The literature of romanticism period is from American War of Independence to before the Civil War.combining historical romance loaded with symbolism and deep psychological themes, bordering on
surrealism.His depictions of the past are a version of historical fiction used only as a vehicle to express
Transcendentalism是美国浪漫主义最高潮时期的体验,认为世间万物都是平等的。
Henry David Thoreau is the beginner of transcendentalism.Herman Melville, American novelist, proser and poet.Moby Dick, in which shows the struggle between
mankind and nature and draw people’s attention on how to get along with nature properly.He wants to subvert transcendentalism.9.诗歌鉴赏
Sonnet 18
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?我能否将你比作夏天?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:你比夏天更美丽温婉。
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,狂风将五月的蓓蕾凋残,And summer's lease hath all too short a date;夏日的勾留何其短暂。
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,休恋那丽日当空,And often is his gold complexion dimm'd,转眼会云雾迷蒙。
And every fair from fair sometime declines,休叹那百花飘零,By chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd:催折于无常的天命。
But thy eternal summer shall not fade唯有你永恒的夏日常新
Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,你的美貌亦毫发无损。
Nor shall Death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,死神也无缘将你幽禁,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st.你在我永恒的诗中长存。
So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,只要世间尚有人吟诵我的诗篇,So long lives this,and this gives life to thee.这诗就将不朽,永葆你的芳颜。
全诗的基本格律是五音步抑扬格(iambic pentameter),包括三个四行组(quatrain)和一个对偶句(couplet),采用典型的莎氏十四行的韵式,即abab cdcd efef gg。
二、比喻和描述有时平淡或离奇,破坏意美
Sonnet 29
When, in disgrace with fortune and man's eyes当我受尽命运和人们的白眼,I all alone beweep my outcast state暗暗地哀悼自己的身世飘零,And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries徒用呼吁去干扰聋瞶的昊天,And look upon my self and curse my fate顾盼着身影,诅咒自己的生辰,Wishing me like to one more rich in hope愿我和另一个一样富于希望,Featured like him,like him with friends possess'd面貌相似,又和他一样广交游,Desiring this man's art and that man's scope希求这人的渊博,那人的内行,With what I most enjoy contented least最赏心的乐事觉得最不对头;
Yet in these thought myself almost despising可是,当我正要这样看轻自己,Haply I think on thee,and then my state忽然想起了你,于是我的精神,Like to the lark at break of day arising便象云雀破晓从阴霾的大地
From sullen earth sings hymns at heaven's gate振翮上升,高唱着圣歌在天门:
For thy sweet love remember'd such wealth brings一想起你的爱使我那么富有,That then I scorn to change my state with kings和帝王换位我也不屑于屈就。
赏析:对社会、对自己的命运的不满和无奈。格律是五音步抑扬格(iambic pentameter).韵式,即abab
cdcd efef gg。
To a Waterfowl《 致 水 鸟 》
-----by William Cullen Bryant威廉·卡伦·布赖恩特
Whither, 'midst falling dew,披着滴落的露珠,While glow the heavens with the last steps of day,天空灿烂,白日的行程就要结束;
Far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue穿过玫瑰色的遥远空际,Thy solitary way?你往何方把孤单的前程追逐?
总结:As the dew falls and the sun sets in the rosy depths of the heavens, I wonder where you(waterfowl)are
going?
Vainly the fowler's eye看你远远飞翔而无计可施,Might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong,捕鸟人的眼光徒劳眷顾;
As, darkly painted on the crimson sky,满天红霞把你映衬,Thy figure floats along.暗黑的身影飘飘飞舞。
总结:the hunter can bring no harm to you ,you are free and safe.Without success, a hunter(fowler)might try to
bring you down as you float in silhouette against the crimson evening sky.Seek'st thou the plashy brink你是在寻找开阔的大河之滨,Of weedy lake, or marge of river wide,还是波浪拍岸的水草之湖?
Or where the rocking billows rise and sink或者潮水冲刷的海滩,On the chafed ocean side?那里的巨浪奔腾起伏?
• 总结:are you seeking for a place that is suitable for rest? Are you looking for the marshy edge of a lake,the bank of a river, or the shore of the ocean?
There is a Power whose care有上苍把你关照,Teaches thy way along that pathless coast,--在无路的海岸为你指路,The desert and illimitable air,--在荒漠和无边的空际,Lone wandering, but not lost.你孤单的飘荡不致迷途。
• 总结:There is a Power that leads you on your way across deserts and through unlimited expanses of air.You may be wandering and alone, but you are not lost.All day thy wings have fann'd你成天翕动翅膀,At that far height, the cold thin atmosphere:任空气稀薄暴风寒冷,飞在高处,Yet stoop not, weary, to the welcome land,疲乏中你不肯降落舒适的大地,Though the dark night is near.即使黑夜即将紧闭它的帷幕。
总结:you have been flying the whole day, but do not stop and have a rest though dark is coming.You have been flapping your wings all day high in the sky, yet you continue on even though night is near and land beckons beneath you.And soon that toil shall end,你很快就会结束这样的劳苦,Soon shalt thou find a summer home, and rest,你即将找到你夏天的住处;
And scream among thy fellows;reeds shall bend休息中呼唤自己的伙伴,Soon o'er thy sheltered nest.芦苇也会躬身把你的窝巢遮护。
• 总结:you have a strong desire to be with your family;or, to achieve your goal.Soon your journey will
end.Soon you will descend to your summer home.There, you will scream among others of your kind and find secure shelter among the tall grasses.Thou'rt gone, the abyss of heaven你的身躯全被吞没,Hath swallowed up thy form;yet, on my heart天堂深渊里,你踪影全无;
Deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given,然而你的启迪深深留在我的心底,And shall not soon depart.我将久久地久久地把它记住。
• 总结:I can no longer see you, but I will never forget the lesson you taught me.He, who, from zone to zone,谁,从一个地方到另一个地方,Guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight,指引你穿越无限的天空作必然的飞翔,In the long way that I must tread alone,也会在我必须独自跋涉的长途上,Will lead my steps aright.正确地引导我的脚步。
赏析:There are eight 4-line stanzas, in each stanza, their rhyme is abab.