新潮研究生英语综合教程课后作文

第一篇：新潮研究生英语综合教程课后作文

新潮研究生英语综合教程作文

Does Machine Translation will take the place of Literary Translation?

In recent years, all kinds of electronic dictionaries and translation software have been developed.With the development of technology, these electronic dictionaries and softwares can help us translate not only words and phrases, but even sentences and paragraphs.So some people come to the conclusion that machine translation will replace traditional human translation.However, I couldn't agree with this argument.Admittedly,translation machines and softwares bring much convenience for our study.Electronic dictionaries and softwares can assist us find some new words quickly and accurately,especially, some generic terms.It still can provide an alternative choices for our translation though it always translate word by word.What's more , with a translation software we needn't bother to live through the heavy dictionaries.However, machine translation can not take the place of literary translation due to its limitations.First, generally speaking, translation software only can give direct translation, which sometimes don't consonant with the original articles in logic and meaning,let alone the grammar.Second,Literary Translation is more elegant and fluent.Considering the above mentioned, I believe there is no possibility that machine translation can replace Literary translation until the grammatic problem are solved due to the development of artificial intelligence.But machine translation is a good complementary to Literary translation.we should combine machine translation with literary translation effectively.Celebrity effect

Nowadays,why are so many people pay attention to the opinions which are gave by celebrities?It has something to do with celebrity effect—influence which bring about or from famous persons that affect people's tendency and mentality.In my opinion, every coin has two sides, celebrity effect has both positive and negative influence on our society.Celebrities are famous for they have one or few aspects that outdistance ordinary people.Their comments are often positive for the society.Like Thomas Alva Edison once said, “Genius are one percent inspiration and ninety nine percent perspiration”As a brilliant scientist, he expresses the importance of diligence in science and inspires countless people working hard to fight for the truth.As for some celebrities their story is a encouragement for us.For instance,Yuminhong the president of New Orient school is a household celebrity.his story encouraged numerous college students to pursuit their dream.Yet, this is not always the case the point is that, not all celebrities tell the truth and they are not perfect role models for the public.we should be careful with their remarks when is comes to their unfamiliar area and negative effect occur when their lie for some reason.For example,when a celebrity who advertise for inferior product.The consequences would be too ghastly to contemplate.Maybe thousands of people will suffer fr

In summary,celebrity effect has both advantages and disadvantages.We should be rational when comes to their comments and look before you leap when we involved in some important issue.What's more celebrities should take responsibility for the whole society and be honest.A stitch in time saves nine

In modern society ,we are always on the go and easily got into mass.To avoid being overwhelmed caught in flurry,we are supposed to patching small things up frequently ,just as the old sings goes:“a stitch in time saves nine”,or in other words ,get your house repaired timely before it rains.When comes to the real world,disorder surrounds us and entropy fills our life according to scientists.we have no choice but make a good preparation for what will happen,or disorder will get better of us.For example,there are always small things which we need to deal with.Maybe ,they won't make any difference to our daily life at the beginning.However,things will turn bad if you let them alone.You will realize that problems are too complicated to solve in the near future.On the other hand,make a good preparation in time will not only help us keep our life in order but also achieve maximum results with little effort.Imagining you will make a presentation to your classmates,you won't be confident or do a good job unless you are fully prepared.Or,it's inevitable that you will be embarrassed when you are on the stage.In summary,it consider wisely to patch up small things regularly and we should always keep in mind:“a stitch in time saves nine”.Man and disasters

In the span of human existence,human beings are continually attacked by and fighting against numerous disasters,both natural and man-made.Disasters seem to be part of human life.Are all disasters that bad?Actually not,on the contrary,disaster is a sharp double-blade-sword for human-being.On one hand,disasters both natural and man-made are all merciless and they always gives us painful lessons.Wen chuan earthquake killed more than 60000 people and one hundred thousand people lost their lives in Port-au-Prince earthquake.Thousands of people became homeless.The 2008 financial tsunamis lead to a global financial crisis.The financial crisis does not have any recovery signs in developed counties with larger government deficits, higher unemployment rate, more banks bankruptcy, more businesses shut down, higher prices and inflation pressure and all society are high unemployment even in 2009.On the other hand,disaster can promote reflection on and our society develops as we conquer one disaster after another.We probably would not appreciate each other so much until we were going through life to death.People will treasure every moment in their rest life when disasters gone.what's more,some disasters unfold important problems for when we are suffer from them.For example The 2008 ice storm in south of china.In addition,disasters can test people's character ,power of endurance,courage and w

Disasters always shoulder to shoulder with unforgettable trauma and suffering even death.Maybe,we are lost sometimes.But it wouldn't be long and we never be defeated by disasters let alone to yield.We were almost destroyed in disasters again and again.However, what's more important is that we are re-birthed in disasters again and again by conquering disasters one by one.Nevertheless, we still look forward to fewer disasters and surviving easier and happier.Career and interest

Currently, the mostly concerned problem is the ideal career and interest.People generally believe that the ideal state of life is being able to do the job that you are interested in.On the contrary,they always conflict with each other in real life.How should we deal with the conflicts between them is crucial,especially for our college student.In my opinion,interest should make way for career when they are at variance.Career is more important than interest for whose family is in poor economic condition.On one hand,The economic base determines the superstructure.The problem which we should first solve is how to survive.Only successful career can promise better life.Perhaps you get lots of reasons that interest should come to the first.You may contend that one can't do a good job without interest for he will not be passionate with his work.But it paled when comes to the reality even you get thousands of pretexts if your interest has nothing to do with your career.On the other hand,we have no choice the reality is cruel.High prices for living goods and houses and fierce competition for jobs provide no alternative choice for us.All we can do is make a good preparation for our career even we engage ourselves in the field that we are not interested in at all.Or,it will be tough.However,the condition really become so terrible that we do not have any chance to retrieve?No,it's not so bad.We can still develop our interests on the condition that your can make a good career for yourself.For instance,we can put the interest as a leisure.We can spend our free time to do the things we interest.In addition, we can choose the career close to our interest.Perhaps this will make our interest more extensive.In summary,We are supposed to consider a rational relationship between interest and career even you are engaged in a area which is boring.As for people who is in poor economic condition,you'd better give first rank to career and the second for interest.My View on Some Problems in China's Higher Education

With the development of our society, higher education has achieved many significant results.But there are some problems in China’s higher education.Some of them need to be solved urgently.Traditional education methods make students think the most important task is learning knowledge in books.So many college students work hard and manage to get high points.They do not care about whether they grasp it or not.It does not mean their abilities to think out creative ideas and to do practice has be improved.In fact students’

abilities to deal with problems are weak.Higher education ignores how important it is to help these young students get harmonious personnel relationship in society.Many students have high IQ but low EQ.It’s hard for these boys and girls to tolerate others’ opinions and behaviors.Many universities have not give students plenty of opportunities to do practice.Graduates find sometimes it is hard to use the knowledge into their jobs.How to solve these problems? It needs the whole society to make great efforts.Society should change their concept about higher education.People should know the destination of higher education is to make students understand how to learn, how to live and how to solve actual problems.Universities should give opportunities to students of do practice and finally solve them by themselves.Professors should conduct them but not to take the place of students.Finally there should be friendly atmosphere on campus.Boys and girls communicate smoothly and help each other.To keep good personnel relationship is very necessary in society.So now they should learn how to do during college life.My view on beauty

The desire for beautiful appearance is one of human natures.Many people operate their appearances so that they can become more beautiful ,so they pay more attention to the outside beauty instead of the inner beauty.I think the true beauty is inner beauty.It can stay long.I don’t think outside beauty is not beauty.If you have both of them ,it is better.Even though you don’t have beautiful appearance,that’s all right ,you simply improve your inner beauty.As we know ,everyone has their own appearances.They are given by God.I think they are all natural beauty.Natural beauty is the most beautiful.Outside beauty is not permanent.However,inner beauty can stay everlasting.Nowadays,many people don’t realize this point.They pursuit outside beauty all the time.Man-made beauty is concerned by people ,especially women.Women spend a lot of money on operation ,and they seek all kinds of ways to make them more beautiful.As we know every coin has two sides ,with the growth of popularity,all sort of problems come.Many women are cheatedby illegal hospital.They not only spend a lot of money but also hurt.I think it’s useless.As a twenty-one century teenager,we should know which one is more important.As far as I’m concerned,it seems necessary for us to regard beauty correctly.Finally,I want to say everyone is beautiful as long as you have eyes that can find beauty.

第二篇：《高等学校研究生英语综合教程_下》课后习题答案

Task 1

Unit One

1.provinces b.2.woke a.3.haunt b.4.trouble a.5.weathers d.6.wakeb.7.coined c.8.trouble b.9.weather c.10.province c.11.coin a.12.value a.13.haunts a.14.has promised a.15.trouble c.16.coin b.17.promise d, 18.Values c.19.Refrain b.20.valued e.Task 2

1.tranquil 2.ultimately 3.aftermath 4.cancel out 5.ordeal 6.drastic 7.legacy 8.deprivations

9.suicidal 10.anticipated 11.preoccupied 12.Adversities 13.aspires 14.nostalgia 15, retrospect

Task 3

1.a mind-blowing experience 2.built-in storage space 3.self-protection measures 4.short-term employment

5.distorted and negative self-perception 6.life-changing events 7.all-encompassing details 8.a good self-image

Task1

Unit Two

I.A.entertainmentB.entertaining2.A.attached B.attachment3.A.historically B.historic4.A.innovativeB.Innovations5.A.flawed B.flawless

6.A.controversy B.controversial 7.A.revise B.revisions

8.A.commentary B.commentator9.A.restrictive B.restrictions10.Task 2

10.A.heroicB.heroics

1.ethnic 2.corporate 3.tragic 4.athletic 5.underlie

6.stack 7.intrinsic 8.revenue 9.engrossed10.award

Task 3

1)revenues 2)receipts 3)economic 4)rewards 5)athletes 6)sponsor 7)spectators 8)maintain 9)availability10)stadiums11)anticipated12)publicity

Task 1 Unit Three

B Task2

1.B 2, D 1 A 4, C 5, A 6.B 7,C 8.A 9.10.C LA.discrete B.discreet C.discretion

2.A.auditors B.auditorium C.audit D.auditoryE.auditedA.conception B.contrivance C.contrive D.conceive

4.A.giggling B.gasped C.gargling D.gossip 5.A.affectionate B.passion C.affectionD.passionate

6.A.reluctant B.relentless C.relevant 7.A.reverence B.reverent C.revere

8.A.peeping/peep B.peered C.perceive D.poring

Task3

1)gain 2)similarities 3)diverse 4)enrich 5)perspective 6)discover 7)challenging 8)specific 9)adventure 10)enlightens)opportunities 12)memories 13)joyful 14)outweighs 15)span)

Task 1

Unit Four

1)uncomfortable 2)reading 3)immerse 4)deep 5)access 6)concentration 7)stopped 8)altered 9)change 10)different 11)decoders12)disengaged 13)variations 14)words 15)tighter

Task 2 Task 1

1.D 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.C

Step 1

l)i 2)f 3)a 4)b 5)h 6)j 7)c 8)e 9)d 10)g Step 2

1)fidgety2)crushing3)pithy4)foraging5)definitive , 6)propelled7)applauded8)ubiquity9)duly10)curtail

Task 2 1.above 2.on 3.to 4.on 5.on/about 6.to 7.with 8.at 9.Task 3

on/about10.in

1.may have a subtle effect on 2.provide free access toe-books 3.isinthe midst ofa sea change

4.has been onthe faculty ofHarvard University 5.a voracious book reader 6.you'll stay focused onit 7.the conduit for information

8.your check came asanabsolute godsend 9.lost the thread ofthe story 10.stroll through elegant prose

Task 1 Unit Five

1.A2.C3.D4.B5.C6.B7.C8.D9.A10.C11.B12D.13.D14Task2

.A15.B

1.sheer2.slip3desert4.revenge5.sheered6.level7.deserted8.skirted9.protested10.duplicates11.level12.revenge13.skirt14.protests15.slip16.duplicate

第三篇：21世纪工程硕士研究生英语综合教程1英译汉课后翻译

第二章课后翻译

A.调查大脑体积和智力的研究人员称,他们的研究提供的证据表明,接受教育能保护智力免受大脑自然衰退的影响。

大脑随着年龄的增长而萎缩是众所周知的事实,但是这对智力方面的影响却 因人而异。有趣的是,一项有关老年人的研究表明,实际上接受过较多教育的人 大脑萎缩得较多。这项研究成果表明的是,接受过教育的人在大脑功能开始崩溃 之前更能经受得住大脑组织的丧失。

据研究人员说,这份发表在7 月份的《神经病学》杂志上的研究报告第一次 提供了生物学上的证据来支持“储备”假说,即接受过较多教育的人在大脑衰老 时拥有更大的认识上的储备可以利用;实际上这部分人的大脑中有更多的脑组织 处于闲置状态。

研究人员对320 名年龄在66 岁到90 岁的身体健康的男子和女子的脑部扫描 X 光片研究后发现,受试者的受教育经历每多一年,其大脑外层叫做脑皮层的部 位就多一份萎缩。然而,所有受试者的认知能力和记忆力的测试分数均在正常范 围以内。

人的一生应该不断地努力,通过新的生活体验使大脑处于警觉状态。旅游是刺激 大脑的一种方法,较少冒险性的方法是玩拼字游戏.教育是怎样影响脑细胞的尚不清楚。研究人员在报告中推测,接受过较多教 育的人大脑的某些比脑皮层更深层次的结构可能完好无损,从而弥补了脑皮层萎 缩带来的损失。

第五章第一段课后

The term profit in economics has a very precise meaning.Economists, however, often loosely refer to “good deals” or profitable ventures with no risk as profit opportunities.Using the term loosely, a profit opportunity exists at the toll booths in one line is shorter than the others.The general view of economics is that profit opportunities are rare.At any one time there are many people searching for such opportunities, and as a consequence few exist.At toll booths it is seldom the case that one line is substantially shorter than the others

经济学术语的利润有着非常精确的意思。然而，经济学家们经常很宽松地将其视为利润机会，从而解释为“好交易”或“没有风险且有利润的商业冒险”。宽松地使用这一术语，那些排队比其他收费亭短的收费亭就会视为是一个利润机会。经济学一般观点认为利润机会是很少的。任何时候都会有很多的人去寻求这样的机会，结果是（这种机会）很少存在。比如收费亭的例子，很少有排队队伍实质上会比其他的收费亭短的。

第六章第一段课后翻译

:Thanks to the means of modern transportation and communication,the world is getting smaller and smaller.The whole world community appears to be no more than a large global village,where the residents come together with different cultural backgrounds and values.While experiencing the inevitable cultural exchanges as well as cultural clashes,the “villagers”seek to live in harmony.多亏了现代交通与通讯工具，这个世界正变得越来越小。整个世界似乎和一个地球村一样小，这个村庄里有不同的文化背景和价值观的居民都聚集在一起。在经历这种不可避免的文化交流也是文化冲击的过程中，这些“村民”追求着和谐共处。

第四篇：研究生英语综合教程(下)单词表

adversity n 逆境、不幸、厄运 aftermath n 后果、余波 alleyway n 小巷、胡同 altruism n 利他主义、无私

anodyne adj 不冒犯他人的、四平八稳的 aspire v 最求、渴望、有志于

bliss n 极乐，无上幸福 bona fide adj 真正的、真实的

bromide n 意在使人消气却没有效果的话 dazed adj 茫然的、迷乱的、恍惚的

encompass v 覆盖、围住

excruciating adj 剧烈疼痛的

gratifying adj 令人高兴的、使人满足的 harrowing adj 折磨人的、可怕的、令人痛苦的 ineffable adj 难以名状的、不可言喻 legacy n 遗留下来的状况

mind-blowing adj 令人极度的、非常奇怪的 neurological n 神经的

nostalgia n 对往昔事物的留恋、怀旧情绪 ordeal n 可怕的经历、痛苦的折磨

paramountadj 至高无上的、最重要的 province n 范围、领域、职责范围 preoccupied adj 全神贯注的、入神的

refrain n 一再重复的话

rheumatoid arthritis n 类风湿性关节炎 shrivel v 皱缩、干枯、干瘪

steroid n 类固醇

tranquil adj平静的、宁静的、安谧的

traumatic adj 痛苦难忘的、造成精神创伤的 tribulation n 苦难

ultramarathoner n 超级马拉松 vomit v 呕吐、呕出、吐出

wimp n 懦弱无用的人

anecdote n

趣闻、轶事

auditory adj 听觉的 boon n

恩物、有用之物

circuitry n 电路系统 conduit

n

渠道、通道 consortium n

财团、联合企业

curtail

v

缩减、消减 decoder n 解码器

disengaged

adj 自由的、未约束的

duly adv 适当的、恰当的 etch v 蚀刻、fidgety

adj 烦躁的、坐立不安的

footnote n 脚注 forage

v

四处搜寻 godsend v 及时雨 hyperlink n 超文本链接 ideogram n 表意文字

longish adj 略长的、相当长的 neural

adj 神经的、神经系统的

pithy adj 精辟的 remap

v

重新绘制

staccato adj 断音的、断奏的 telltale

adj 暴露真相

terse adj 简短的 thicket

n

灌木丛、小树丛

voracious adj 贪吃的 wayward adj 倔强的 adversary n 对手 almighty god n 全能的上帝

anew adv 重新 beachhead n 滩头堡 belabor v 强调

embattled adj 问题缠身 engulf v 严重影响

foe n 敌人

forebear n 祖先、祖宗 heed v 听从

invective n 咒骂 invoke v 唤起 outpace v 超过、胜过

reverend adj 值得尊敬的 subversion n 颠覆 symbolize v 象征 tribulation n 苦难 twilight n 曙光暮色 tyranny n 暴政 unleash v 释放出、发泄

writ n 书面命令

anemic adj 没有活力的

awash adj 被水或其他液体浸过的 bawl v 叫嚷、大喊 bawl n 叫嚷、大喊 bleach v 使变淡、变白 coyote n 丛林狼 decipher v 辨认、解释

defiant adj 违抗的、挑衅的

defoliate v 使….落叶

dictum n 断言、意见、宣言

doe n

雌兔、雌鹿

dust bowl n

干旱尘暴区 extirpate v 消灭、根除

fang n 尖牙

ford v

涉水而过

gleanings n 费力搜索到的零星信息 juniper n

刺柏、maul v 撕…的皮肉、抓裂 maze n

迷宫似得的街道/小路 melee n 混乱局面 molder v

腐烂、腐朽

rattle n

格格声

requisite n 必需品

sage n 鼠尾草 scuffle

n

扭打 seedling n 种苗、幼苗 shears n 大剪刀

spruce v

显得更加整齐干净

supple adj 灵活的 tingle v 感到刺痛 torrent n

湍流、急流

tyro n 新手、生手 wag v 狗摇尾巴 whinny nv（马）撕叫 willow n 柳树

writhe v 剧烈地扭动身体

affective adj 感情

anecdotal adj 轶事的、趣闻的 arousal

n

唤起 beset v 困扰、使苦恼

缺乏兴趣

pretest n 预先测试

adj 避免引人注目的 微妙的思想 取代、代替 蝌蚪 adj 难吃的 disinterest n fester v irritant 恶化 n

self-effacing subtlety n 烦躁的事物 心态 讣告

强烈感情的不断流露

supplant v tadpole

n mentality n obituary n outpouring n

unpalatable peripheral adj 次要的、非主要的

populist adj 声称代表人民的、平明主义的 sermon n 布道、讲道

通过报业联合会安排出售给多家报刊syndicate v 发表

audible adj 声音听得见

auspicious adj 吉利的、吉祥的 bulky adj 庞大的、宽大的 circumscribe comport v v 约束、限制

行动、表现

举止、行为 comportment n cosmopolitan adj 见识广的、兼容并包的 delineate v 描绘、描写

人口统计数据 demographics n detergent n distaste n 洗涤剂、洗衣粉 不喜欢 特许经营权 franchise n garish adj 过于艳丽的

普遍性、共同性 generality n ingrained adj 根深蒂固的、难以改变的 jolly adj 欢乐的、愉快的 miniscule（minuscule）nuance n 细微差别 adj 很小

第五篇：研究生英语综合教程(上)Unit9_TextB

Is Affordable Housing Becoming An Oxymoron?

Hal R.Varian

现在，房子似乎贵得没人买得起。当然，经济学家更了解情况。从短期来看，大部分地区的住房供应或多或少是固定的。因此，房价主要取决于市场的需求力——即人们在住房方面愿意花多少钱。在过去的几年里，抵押贷款利率降至历史最低点，而这直接刺激了住房需求。在一些地区，特别是在东南海岸，这些地区受到用地限制影响，住房供应量很难再增加，房价已被推高到前所未有的水平。

抵押贷款利率是否造成了房价泡沫，这一直是个有争议的问题。经济学对“泡沫”一词，并没有一个公认的定义，但有种观点称，住房需求的一个重要部分基于人们对未来房价增值的预期，房价越是走高，越有人愿意购买，以便从他们预期会增值的未来房价中获取收益，这进一步推动了房价上涨。

引用艾伦·格林斯潘的话来说，市场中很可能存在一些“泡沫”，特别是在沿海地区。但即使泡沫退去，那些地区的住房仍然相当昂贵。有什么解决办法吗？

一些城市已经启动住房补贴计划，为新的业主提供各种类型的资助。不幸的是，这些计划恰恰进一步扩大需求，推动房价上涨。事实上，在一个持续供应住房的理想市场，对大部分买卖提供10%的补贴，只会使房价上涨10%。这种先自付、后补贴的房价政策，其结果又回到了起点。

如果你真想让房价下降，你会增收房产税，与强行补贴类似，房产税增加10%会使房价下跌10%。当然，住房的总费用（购买价加上税的当前价值）将保持不变，所以这也没有真正解决住房费用问题。

在加利福尼亚州，税收政策在房价动态变化方面已发挥出重大作用。1978年通过的13号议案将业主自住房的房产税增幅限制在每年2%。但是当住房出售时，房产税是根据售价评估的，这意味着新业主通常面临着显著高于旧业主的房产税。

13号议案被称为“搬家税”。事实上确实如此，因为对于加州房主来说，改造原有住房要比搬离原住房实惠得多。对比装修和买卖的税收费用，在原有三间卧室的房子里再添一间卧室要比买一套类似的四间卧室的房子便宜得多。出于同样的原因，“空巢一族”的最佳做法是卖掉住房搬住俄勒冈州。这似乎已经成为相当普遍的做法，至少在某些特定群体中已经相当普遍。

那么，高房价的问题怎么解决？基础经济学告诉我们，要想房价下降，我们必须减少住房需求或增加住房供给。在需求方面还有希望做到。随着利率的上升，我们会看到需求减缓；的确，一些地区的房价走势开始趋于平缓。

最后，要使人们买得起房，唯一可靠的方法是增加住房供应量。但是，建一座新房子需要一块被划为住房用地的土地。我们不能制造更多的土地，因此，我们必须加强现有土地的使用，或者在离工作更远的地方建房子。这两个选项都不吸引人，在加州的城市里，交通日益拥挤，这就限制了人们的住所与工作场所间的距离。在许多理想的住宅区，土地的使用受到严格的限制，而且各种政治力量一致反对放宽这些限制。

想象一下，有人精打细算省下钱，在一块一英亩的地皮上买下了理想的住房。他最不想看到他邻居的地被二次分割，建成两三座新房子。这样做不仅会影响到他的生活质量，更重要的是，也将影响他住房的价值。因为土地划分法和土地使用限制推高了房价，所以寻求便宜住房的人不喜欢。但出于同样的原因，一旦这位寻房者成为了房主，他往往变成这些限制政策的狂热支持者。正如谱戈所说的那样：“我们所遇到的敌人就是我们自己”。