第一篇：高中英语作文高分结构词语
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嘉兴英语教学整理 高中英语作文高分结构词语
高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。
一．高级词汇
1．occur 替换 think of
Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house.→
An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spend
He spends all his spare time in reading.→
He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look for
They sought(wanted)to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinary
I’m an average(ordinary)student.5．but替换very
The film we saw last night was very interesting.→
The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sit
On his way to school, he found an old lady seated(sitting)by the road, looking worried.7．suppose 替换should
He is supposed to(should)have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thank
Thank you very much for you help.→
We appreciate your help very much./ Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换 true
I don’t think it is the case(true).10．on替换as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began his research.→
On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because of
He arrived late due to(because of)the storm.12．cover替换walk/read
After covering(walking)10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换be helpful/useful
Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study.→
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby
① The summer vacation is round the corner(coming).Do you have any plans?
② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner(nearby).15．come to light替换discover
The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels.→ The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself
After visiting the workshop, we went back to school.Every one of us had a ball(had a good time).17．come up with替换think of
Jack is very clever.He often comes up with(thinks of)new ideas.18．set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.(2004天津卷)
19．be of + n.替换adj.The products are of high quality(very good)and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to替换talk about/of, mention
The professor you referred to(talked about)is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do
I could not but(had to)go home.22．more often than not替换usually
More often than not(Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.23．lest替换so that /in order that
I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it.→I wrote down his telephone number lest I(should)forget it.24．be long for sth./ be long to do sth.替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much.→I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in
He is caught up in(very interested in)collecting stamps.26．more than替换very① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September.→
I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.(NMET 2003)② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)27．perfect(ly)替换good/ very well
He speaks perfect(good)English./ He speaks English perfectly(very well).28．do sb a/the favor 替换help
Would you please do me the favor(help me)to turn down the radio? 29．the other day替换a few days ago
The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.(NMET 1997)30．in the course of替换during
In the course of(During)the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换most
The majority of(Most of)the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.32．consist of替换be made up of
Our class consists of(is made up of)50 students.33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out(tired).② My shoes are worn out(broken).Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换 happen
What do think has become of(happened to)him ?
35．attend to替换look after
36．on condition that替换as long as 37．nevertheless替换however
38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do 40．many a 替换many
41．be rushed off one’s feet替换be busy in doing 42．a handful of替换a little / some 43．meanwhile替换at the same time 44．get to one’s feet替换stand up45．beneath替换under
46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while 47．for instance替换for example 48．seldom替换not often 49．wealthy替换 rich
50．amazing替换surprising
51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact 二．高级句型结构 ◆ It句型① It will be + some time + before…
It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）③ It is + 被强调部分 + that…
1)It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2)Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆ more …than any other 表示最高级
Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than
any one else.◆ 名词从句
① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk.(2004 全国卷 Ⅲ)②◆（非限制性）定语从句① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street.It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life.(2002 北京卷)◆ 分词结构
① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing ② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting
people.(2004 全国卷Ⅱ)③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）
④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南
卷）
◆ with结构① A terrible accident happened yesterday,② ◆ 倒装句
① The library is to the east of the teaching building.→② Although we are tired, we are happy.→Tired as we are, we are happy.③上海卷)
④ May all your dreams come true!May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）◆ 被动语态① Opinions are divided on the question.(NMET 2002)
② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.(2004全国卷 Ⅳ)③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)◆ 巧妙的改写
（1）．Only 改成no one but
Only Tom passed the exam last week.→ No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The
moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/done
The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken(her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置① However, they suggest fees should be charged low.→
They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.(NMET 2002)② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well
you’ve learned Chinese.→
This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well
you’ve learned Chinese.(2004 全国卷Ⅰ)(5).用同位语代替非限制性定语从句
Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several
days.→
Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.(2002上海卷)
Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）
◆ 其它
（1）注重句子的开头① 用with复合结构开头
With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）
With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）
② 用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）
◆◆ 相关过渡语
1).表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last… 2).表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…
3).表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…
4).表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…
5).表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore,in addition, on top of…
6).表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…
7).表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief,to conclude…
2009年12月
第二篇：高中英语高分
大作文（1）
（一）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
CCTV.com News: The rescue was still going on at the small town after the terrible earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province, West China.The rescue teamers made their efforts to rescue the victims buried in the ruins.They found four school kids were under a teacher's desk and the teacher placed himself to the side of the desk without boards, protecting his students from harm.When the firefighters tried to take the teacher's hands away, they failed.., the teacher held the desk terribly firmly.Everyone on the spot cried.The teacher would rather give his life to protect his school kidsand give the living chances to them.Everyone has the right to live, but the teacher chose to give the living chances to his lovely students.[写作内容]你的英语老师在上英语写作课时，要求同学们根据老师提供的英语新闻报道，谈谈对四川汶川地震的一些人与事的感想。请你以“Greatest Love is Unselfish”为题，准备一篇发言稿，内容包括以下内容：
1．以约30个词概括这篇新闻报道；
2．以约120个词，请就“大爱无私”的话题写一篇英语短文，表达你内心的感受，并包括如下要点：
1)你看完这个故事后，你如何评价这位老师的无私行为；为什么?
2)你的感想。
[写作要求]1．作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。Greatest Love is Unselfish
During Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan Province, a rescue team found a teacher, dead for hours, and four school kids, safe with the protection of the teacher.And the teacher's greatest love gave everyone a great shock.A very ordinary teacher would rather give his life to save and protect his students, for he knew that he was a teacher and should protect his students, As we know, when the disaster broke out, all the teachers in this earthquake area made their efforts to help and save their students, and this noble act shows that greatest love is unselfish.Facing natural disasters, sometimes we human beings may feel too weak, but just at this very moment, we will try everything to help others, even devote our lives to doing that.After reading the news story, I was moved to tears.Greatest love is unselfish.The teacher's action illustrates our kind teachers' greatest love to their students.大作文（2）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
We nowadays live in a global village, and many difficulties will arise if we can't express ourselves fluently in English.In spite of my awareness of its importance, I seldom find chances to practice and improve my oral English.So, I am still very weak with regard to this respect.One reason is that my pronunciation and intonation aren't good enough.The other is that I am so shy that I am always too nervous to find the exact words to express my ideas and feelings.As a result the best way for me to do is to remain silent when others are practicing and making great progress in their oral English every day.Now I am attaching much more importance to oral English and I have made up my mind
to seize every opportunity to practice.I begin to participate actively in all kinds of English activities, such as going to “English Corners”, talking in English with my classmates and with native speakers.“Nothing is difficult in the world if you really put your heart to it.” as the Chinese saying goes.If I can build up my confidence, if I am not afraid of losing face any more, if I really work hard on it, I am sure my oral English will be excellent someday.[写作内容]1．以约30个词概括短文的要点：
2．然后以120个词写一篇英语短文谈谈广东高考英语口试对你英语口语练习造成的影响，并包括如下要点：
1)你以前对英语口语的态度及原因；
2)广东高考英语口试对你目前英语口语练习造成的某些影响；
3)你的感想或期望。
[写作要求]1．作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。Living in a “global village”, the writer finds it important to practice oral English and he has paid more attention to it and is determined to get more chances to practice it.To be honest, I used to care less about spoken English, just resulting from the fact that spoken English was not so important as written English since it was not needed in the college entrance examination.However, everything has been changed since there was a oral English Test in Guangdong college entrance examination.Every morning, I have to get up early to practice my oral English, which in dead helps me to remember words more easily than before.In addition, I feel less shy to speak out in class when answering questions in English.Luckily, it is oral English Test that helps me to learn English better, making me feel confident in learning English.Meanwhile, I do hope that I will do well in oral English as well as college entrance examination.Only then, will my life be more hopeful, more wonderful, even more colorful.
第三篇：2017高中英语作文高分技巧
2017高考英语作文
一、全国卷《考试说明》对书面表达的要求
1.准确使用语法和词汇
2.使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思 【高考作文评分标准/高考作文评分原则-总则】 1.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。
2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3.词数少于 80和多于 120的，从总分中减去2分。
4.评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。
5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写汉词汇用法均可接受。6.如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
7.内容要点可用不同方式表达，对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。
二、全国卷“五档”作文
1.各个档次的给分范围及标准(满分25分)
A.第五档(很好)：(21-25分)1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。2.覆盖所有内容要点。3.应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。4.语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言运用能力。5.有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6.完全达到了预期的写作目的。
B.第四档(好)：(16-20分)1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。2.虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。4.语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6.达到了预期的写作目的。
C.第三档(适当)：(11-15分)1.基本完成了试题规定的任务。2.虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。6.整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
D.第二档(较差)：(6-10分)1.未恰当完成试题规定的任务。2.漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。5.较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。6.信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
E.第一档(差)：(1-5分)1.未完成试题规定的任务。2.明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。4.较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。5.缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。6.信息未能传达给读者。
F.不得分：(0分)未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判;写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
2.“五档”作文如何抓——培养能力
⑴抓“应用了较多的词汇”:词性多样、词汇高级、短语丰富。
⑵抓“应用了较多的语法结构”:高中阶段主要有感叹句、倒装句、复合句、强调句、非谓语动词、独立主格结构、with/without复合结构等。
⑶抓“有效使用连接成分”:合理使用连词、连接副词等，使段与段、句与句之间形成明晰的、合乎逻辑的顺序组织与安排，做到文意与结构上层次分明、条理清楚。
⑷抓“完成规定的任务”:对于题干、要点提示、注意事项以及参考词汇要做好全面读题，定好时态、人称、文体等，确保完成规定任务。
三、高考作文如何升
1.运用四大原则
⑴具体性原则在掌握了一定词汇量后，具体的表达往往比泛泛而谈更能吸引阅卷老师的眼光。eg:He is a good man.→He is a kind-hearted/friendly man.⑵新颖性原则写作时如果能恰当运用高中学过的但别人可能想不到的词汇，必能给阅卷老师带来耳目一新的感觉。eg:A good relationship between teachers and students is good for our study.→A good relationship between teachers and students is beneficial to our study.⑶短语优先原则多使用词组、习语代替一些同义或近义单词。
eg:As the number of Chinese learners is increasing,Chinese culture will be more popular.→As the number of Chinese learners is on the rise,Chinese culture will be more popular.⑷多样化原则在一篇作文中尽量避免过多地重复使用某一词汇，要使用多种词汇表达同一意思。eg:I like watching TV while my brother likes reading.→I like watching TV while my brotherenjoys reading.2.利用高级词汇，照亮阅卷人眼
现总结10例由普通词汇向高分词汇的转化: ① first→to begin/start with首先 ②finally→last but not least最后 ③course→curriculum课程
④hard-working→diligent勤奋的 ⑤shortcoming→drawback缺点 ⑥difficult→painstaking艰难的 ⑦immediately→in a flash立即
⑧interesting→absorbing/striking/appealing有趣的 ⑨be sad→be cast down伤心
⑩think→take the attitude that/harbor the idea that认为 3.频变句型结构，增强得分支撑
⑴肯定不如双否好eg:The postman comes on time every Sunday.→The postman never fails to come every Sunday.⑵陈述不如倒装妙 ①以否定词开头，使用部分倒装eg:I will never give up.→Never will I give up.【归纳】常见的否定词（组）:not,never,seldom,hardly,little,no sooner,in no case,at no time,by no means,in no way,in no sense,on no account,under no circumstance等。
②以地点状语开头，使用完全倒装eg:The library is in the center of our school.→In the center of our school lies the library.③“only+状语”位于句首，使用部分倒装eg:Only in this way can I make progress.④as/though引导的倒装句eg:Much as he enjoys it,he doesn't want to buy it.⑶主动不如被动巧多使用被动语态，能使表达更地道，更接地气。
eg:We can borrow at most five books at a time,and we can keep them for six days.→At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for six days.⑷非谓语结构不能少在平时，考生应多背一些好词好句。特别是含有非谓语结构的句子，在语境中理解它们的用法，只有这样，写作时才能得心应手。同时，在平时的训练中，考生也应大胆使用非谓语结构，以提高熟练度。
第四篇：高中英语作文高分诀窍
顾燕卿提供
嘉兴英语教学整理
高考英语作文高分诀窍
一．高级词汇
1．occur 替换 think of
Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house.→
An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2．devote替换spend
He spends all his spare time in reading.→
He devotes all his spare time to reading.3．seek替换want / look for
They sought(wanted)to hide themselves behind the trees.4．average 替换ordinary
I’m an average(ordinary)student.5．but替换very
The film we saw last night was very interesting.→
The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6．seat 替换sit
On his way to school, he found an old lady seated(sitting)by the road, looking worried.7．suppose 替换should
He is supposed to(should)have driven more slowly.8．appreciate 替换thank
Thank you very much for you help.→
We appreciate your help very much./ Your help is much appreciated.9．the case替换 true
I don’t think it is the case(true).10．on替换as soon as
As soon as he arrived, he began his research.→
On his arrival, he began his research..11．due to替换because of
He arrived late due to(because of)the storm.12．cover替换walk/read
After covering(walking)10 miles, we all felt tired.13．contribute to替换be helpful/useful
Plenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study.→
Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14．round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby
① The summer vacation is round the corner(coming).Do you have any plans?
② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner(nearby).15．come to light替换discover
The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels.→
The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16．have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself
After visiting the workshop, we went back to school.Every one of us had a ball(had a good time).17．come up with替换think of
Jack is very clever.He often comes up with(thinks of)new ideas.18．set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.(2004天津卷)
19．be of + n.替换adj.The products are of high quality(very good)and are sold everywhere in China.20．refer to替换talk about/of, mention
The professor you referred to(talked about)is very famous.21．can not but / can not help but替换have to do
I could not but(had to)go home.22．more often than not替换usually
More often than not(Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.23．lest替换so that /in order that
I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it.→I wrote down his telephone number lest I(should)forget it.24．be long for sth./ be long to do sth.替换want to do sth./wish forI want to see you very much.→I am long to see you.25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in
He is caught up in(very interested in)collecting stamps.26．more than替换very① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September.→
I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.(NMET 2003)② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全国卷)27．perfect(ly)替换good/ very well
He speaks perfect(good)English./ He speaks English perfectly(very well).28．do sb a/the favor 替换help
Would you please do me the favor(help me)to turn down the radio? 29．the other day替换a few days ago
The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.(NMET 1997)30．in the course of替换during
In the course of(During)the mountain-climbing, please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31．the majority of替换most
The majority of(Most of)the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.32．consist of替换be made up of
Our class consists of(is made up of)50 students.33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out(tired).② My shoes are worn out(broken).Please buy me a new pair.34．become of替换 happen
What do think has become of(happened to)him ?35．attend to替换look after
36．on condition that替换as long as 37．nevertheless替换however
38．express one’s satisfaction with替换be satisfied with39．spare no efforts to do替换try one’s best to do 40．many a 替换many
41．be rushed off one’s feet替换be busy in doing 42．a handful of替换a little / some 43．meanwhile替换at the same time 44．get to one’s feet替换stand up45．beneath替换under
46．occasionally替换sometimes /once in while 47．for instance替换for example 48．seldom替换not often 49．wealthy替换 rich
50．amazing替换surprising
51．as a matter of fact 替换in fact 二．高级句型结构 ◆ It句型① It will be + some time + before…
It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）③ It is + 被强调部分 + that…
1)It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2)Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.◆ more …than any other 表示最高级
Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than
any one else.◆ 名词从句
① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in 全国卷 Ⅲ)②◆（非限制性）定语从句① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street.It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street,② It was quite an experience for us both,(2002 北京卷)◆ 分词结构
① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing ② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting 全国卷Ⅱ)③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 辽宁卷）
④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南
卷）
◆ with结构① A terrible accident happened yesterday,② ◆ 倒装句 ① The library is to the east of the teaching building.→② Although we are tired, we are happy.→③上海卷)
④ May all your dreams come true!May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）◆ 被动语态① Opinions are divided on the question.(NMET 2002)
② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.(2004全国卷 Ⅳ)③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江苏卷)◆ 巧妙的改写
（1）．Only 改成no one but
Only Tom passed the exam last week.→ No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The
moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）．have sb/sth do/done
The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken(her leg was broken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置① However, they suggest fees should be charged low.→
They suggest, however, fees should be charged low.(NMET 2002)② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well
you’ve learned Chinese.→
This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well
you’ve learned Chinese.(2004 全国卷Ⅰ)(5).用同位语代替非限制性定语从句
Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several
days.→
Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.(2002上海卷)
Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）
◆ 其它
（1）注重句子的开头① 用with复合结构开头
With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）
With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江苏卷）
② 用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）
◆◆ 相关过渡语
1).表示时间顺序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last… 2).表示空间顺序: near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…
3).表示比较、对照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…
4).表示因果关系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…
5).表示递进关系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore,in addition, on top of…
6).表示并列关系: and, as well as, also…
7).表示总结性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief,to conclude…
2009年12月
第五篇：高考高分作文结构
高考高分作文结构模板
教学目标：
培养学生快速打开思路、谋篇布局、设计结构的能力。培养发散性思维的演绎能力。引导学生由作文的随意性、不规矩而自觉地走向规范化和条理化。做到胸有成竹，心有常法，言之有序,工整美观。力争高考作文均分接近于50分。
教学过程
一、议论文的结构模式（谋篇布局）
（一）整体结构（三层五节式.五股文）
1、开头（1节）[引论]
概括材料（话题），引出论点。
2、主体（2～4节）[本论]
分析问题（用三个分论点作段首句），论证论点
3、结尾（5节）[结论]
总结全文 重申（深化）论点
（二）如何列出?主体?部分的三个分论点（段首句）呢？
1、?是为怎?法（?是什么-为什么-怎么办?即?提出问题-分析问题-解决问题?）【纵式结构】 如： 以?浅谈母语?为题作文 [纵式结构]
①什么是母语（汉语）？
②为什么要重视母语的学习？
（汉语是民族文化的载体;汉语是中华文化的标志;汉语是中华国人的名片）③ 怎样学好中华母语？
2、?是什么?法（并列分解?是什么?）【横式结构】
如：以?漫谈上海的城市文化精神?为题作文
①上海精神是海纳百川的大海精神
②上海精神是勇于争先的龙马精神
③上海精神是与世界共赢的协和精神
3、?为什么?法（原因分析法；并列分解?为什么?）【横式结构】
（1）以?品味‘杂’?为题作文：
为什么?杂?给世界带来了美呢？
①文学因?杂?而多姿。[体裁杂而美,人物杂而美]
②艺术因?杂?而多彩。[音乐.舞蹈.美术.影视综合艺术]
③科学因?杂?而发展。[理化生,仿生学,杂交水稻]
④生活因?杂?而味美。[火锅,服饰]
【范文】 乱花渐欲迷人眼
?暮春三月,江南草长,杂花生树,群莺乱飞。?,其中的?杂花?一词非但没有给予我们纷乱不堪的感觉,反而,它给我们带来一种万物复苏、一派蓬勃的景致。确实,虎啸深山、鱼游潭渊、驼走大漠、雁排长空的杂景纷呈,会时时令人感到喜悦和顿悟。
其实,不仅自然如此,在文学的海洋、丹青的园林、音乐的殿堂,?杂?又何尝不是撑起一片绚丽的天空?
?杂?的呈现构造起了文学之海的波澜壮阔。
鲁迅曾就《红楼梦》说过一番话:?单单命意,就因读者的不同而有种种:经学家看见《易》;
道学家看见淫;才子看见缠绵;革命家看见排满;流言家看见宫闱秘事。?这便是读者眼光的杂。而对创作者来说,内容的纷杂就更显得重要。从先秦的诸子散文,到后来的建安风骨、骈体文等等,这都是形式上的杂。试想,若只有刺秦的荆轲、舞剑的项庄之类的热血男儿,而无出塞的昭君、悲歌的虞姬之类的柔美女子,文学会显得多么枯燥乏味。列夫〃托尔斯泰沉重的道德感,歌德充满睿智的人生诗篇,拜伦呼唤奋斗的热情,以及中国现代林语堂的幽默、梁实秋的潇洒、徐志摩的醉情,这一切的交错,都使得文学的海洋汪洋恣肆。
?杂?营造着丹青之园的姹紫嫣红。
君不见镂金雕彩的工笔画摄人心魄?君不见清新明快的水墨画洁人心灵?画苑的不同画风,时时让人流连忘返。吴道子笔下的仙风道骨,以及如佩玉般娇美的仙女,宛如一阵穿堂而过的风,一阵袅袅氤氲的水汽。而达〃芬奇笔下蒙娜丽莎那迷人的微笑、梵高充满张力的《向日葵》和奇幻神奇的《星夜》,也都给予了我们深深的震撼。至于徐悲鸿奔腾的骏马、齐白石悠然的青虾,也时时给予我们艺术上的奇妙感受。
?杂?还为音乐殿堂铸就了它的辉煌璀璨。
古时就有让孔子不知肉味的?韶乐?,嵇康临刑而抚的那首《广陵散》,更是绝唱。?杂?让音乐更生动迷人。杜秋娘的?犹抱琵琶半遮面?的韵味,英娘的反弹琵琶,也不时为后人称道。至若?文革?时期,人们天天只能翻来覆去看几个样板戏,这种单一乏味让人难以忍受。如今,我们可以自在地欣赏卡拉扬那当头棒喝的惊悚、切利毕达奇拈花一笑的淡泊以及约胡姆醍醐灌顶的敬畏,实在让人欣慰。
?杂?是一种韵、一种美,它如玫瑰色的晨雾,又如蔚蓝色的海洋,在纷呈处给予我们?乱花渐欲迷人眼?的美丽,文学、艺术、音乐,离不开?杂?!
美哉,杂!
（2）以?扎稳民族精神之根?为题作文：
为什么要扎稳民族精神之根呢？（并列分解?为什么?）
①因为民族精神是我们做人的圭臬
（谈孔孟的修身之道）
②因为民族精神是我们的立国之本
（谈自强不息，和为贵）
③因为越是民族的，越具有世界性
（谈海外孔子学院，孙子兵法）
（3）以?如何看待流行文化?为题作文：
①流行武侠文化，可以传承?舍生取义?的民族精神。
②流行音乐文化，能够拨动少男少女的心弦。
③流行影视文化，使我们与世界文化同步。
4、?怎么办?法（解决问题法；并列分解?怎么办?）【横式结构】
如：以?‘忙’之管窥?为题作文：
怎样卓有成效地?忙?呢？
①首先，忙要有正确的方向。，②其次，忙要有科学的方法。
③最后，忙要?有为有不为?。
5、领域并列法（兼用?为什么?法，即?原因分析法?）【横式结构】
（1）以?也谈‘重复’?为题作文：
①复而不重，使艺术惊世骇俗。
②复而不重，使科学日新月异。
③复而不重，使生活丰富多彩。
（2）以?感悟生命?为题作文：
①生命是一江春水，要勇往直前。
②生命是一棵果树，花果飘香乐于奉献。
③生命是一首乐曲，有低音也有高音。
【附】2005高考作文试题(全国卷一)
阅读下面的文字，根据要求作文。
有一次，人们问丹麦物理学家玻尔教授：?您创建了一个第一流的物理学派，有什么秘诀？?不料玻尔却回答说：?因为我不怕在学生面前显露我的愚蠢。?听到这个回答，大家都感到十分诧异和不解。
玻尔的回答确实出人意料，但仔细想想又在情理之中。生活中，我们常常会遇到类似的情况，请以?出人意料和情理之中?为话题，自定立意，自选文体，自拟标题，写一篇不少于800字的文章。所写内容必须在话题范围之内。
?并列式展开议论文? 满分作文示例
高尚不需要理由
穿越历史的星空,常看到许多惊人之举,觉得意外,然后沉思,才感到意外后的背后是亘古不变的情理:高尚不需要理由。惟有高尚的心灵,才肯作出人意料的选择,这才符合情理。这不是偶然,这是一种必然。
千载胡曲,琵琶声声传驿道
宫中传着可怕的消息,皇上要选宫女去与胡人和亲,其他的宫女惶恐万分,惟有王昭君不慌不忙。果然,几天之后,诏书宣布了选中宫女的名字,昭君也在其中。没有悲伤,没有无奈,有的只是一种坚毅与执着。她欣然登程,一路上,撒下了昭君悠扬的琵琶声。
许多人都感到意外,谁愿意离开繁盛的汉朝,那个月亮和星星都万分温柔的地方?
然而,高尚不需要理由。王昭君的心中是一幅图景:大树下,百姓欢歌笑语;田野中,人民安居乐业。她高尚的品格决定了她出人意料的选择。这,无须惊讶。
百年足迹,演绎出生命的华彩
新疆北部龟裂的土地上,行走着林则徐和他的下属。被革职候命的他等了一年,其间几次重病,最后等到的却是流放新疆的一纸圣谕。他强忍大起大落的悲哀,抵达伊犁之后,垦荒屯田,兴修水利,在百姓心中,竖起又一座不朽的丰碑。
感到意外的人说,林则徐呀,你这是何苦?你遭如此不公正的待遇,你应心灰意冷呀!
可是,高尚不需要理由。?苟利国家生死以,岂因祸福避趋之?的诗句,早已决定你的生命,即使流放之中也依然彰显华彩,照映千秋。
惊人一跪,决不向忘却的诱惑屈服
1970年12月7日,波兰华沙,细雨蒙蒙,曾被划为犹太人区的地方,走来了一群陌生人。他们停在纪念碑前,既而是长久的伫立。其中一位突然双膝脆在碑前湿漉漉的大理石板上。原来,他是联邦德国总理勃兰特。这一跪,超越外交礼节,令身旁的外交官大吃一惊,却从此掀开了德国与波兰及世界各国人民友好关系的新篇章。
不必吃惊呀,有知耻之心的人才会有这一跪,有正视历史,敢于承担历史重任的高尚精神的人,才会有这一跪。
高尚不需要理由。谈到这些人的事迹,你也许会吃惊、意外。然而沉思之后,应当明白:高尚不需要理由。惟有敢作出意外之举的人,才能永远留在青史之中!
【点评】（1）紧扣题意。全文始终围绕着?出人意料与情理之中?这个话题，并用事例突出了?高尚不需要理由?这一论点，扣题很紧，中心明确。（2）举例说理，精于选材。选择哪些材料入文,作者首先进行了缜密的思考,仔细遴选,这才最后敲定了三个事例。涉及古今中外的三个事例，都由?高尚不需要理由?这条红线串联了起来,它们从不同层面阐释了话题
题旨。（3）巧于结构。开头一节拟写了一个能统领全文的精彩开头，摆出论点，统领全篇；中间用三个小标题，讲了三个人物（王昭君出塞,林则徐被贬,勃兰特下跪），均以?高尚不需要理由?的思想红线贯之,叙事、说理珠联璧合,浑然天成；最后,以简洁的语言收束全文,既照应开头、文题,又给人留下不尽的思考。（4）长于说理。其一,化抽象为具体。谈及昭君出塞,匈奴、汉室之间化干戈为玉帛,作者为我们描绘了一幅画图,把和亲政策的意义和作用形象地表现出来。其二,引名言上品位。林则徐被贬伊犁,身处逆境却励志垦荒,大兴水利,是什么力量支撑他这样去做?作者没有用更多的语言去铺陈,却只引用林则徐的一幅名联来展现他的云水襟怀,磊落人格,真是再恰当不过,简洁不过。
6、由小到大法（兼用?为什么法?）【纵式结构】
以?解读‘有为有不为’?为题作文：
① 坚持?有为有不为?的原则，是人生走向辉煌的坦途。
②坚持?有为有不为?的原则，是企业立于不败之地的关键。
③坚持?有为有不为?的原则，是国家科学发展的保证。（可持续性发展）
7、古今未来法（兼用?为什么法?）【纵式结构】
(1)以?倾听?为题作文：
① 倾听历史的回声，毋忘国耻。
②倾听时代的强音，与时俱进。
③倾听未来的召唤，前瞻思维。
(2)以?国学?为题作文：
①国学，是中华历史的文化瑰宝（经学）。
②国学，是中华现代的人文滋品。
③国学，是中华未来的强国之本。
【附】事例论证法使用指导
认真研读以下学生作文段落,思考议论文写作使用事例论证的几点注意事项。
1、一定要有对事例的议论
把拒绝踩在脚下,逃出平庸这口枯井
杰克、甘菲德和马克、韩森编纂《心灵鸡汤》一书时,曾经找过很多家出版社,但这些出版社认为他们都是平庸人,不可能写出什么畅销的书。于是,全都拒绝了他们。面对一扇扇紧闭的大门,他们没有泄气,而更加执著地奔走在各个出版社之间。最后,一家小公司被他们的诚意打动,答应出版。书出版后,销量达1200万册,成了当时最畅销的图书之一。而身为这本书的两位作者,也成了不平庸的人。
2、注意较为充分地议论
善于发挥主观能动性,才能帮助人们走出黑暗。
巴尔扎克曾说过:?苦难对于天才是一块垫脚石?。正因为勇于发挥主观能动性,才能把困难踩在脚下,顶起一片蓝天。贝多芬在双目失明双耳失聪的情况下,仍发挥主动性用脚叨着金属块贴着琴架去感悟。他说:?不是我有音乐天赋,而是我主动去靠近音乐?。卢梭的不幸众所周知,母亲的早逝并没有使他消沉,他努力尽他所能地向不(幸)生活发起挑战,终成一卓越的思想家。这些名人的成功往往只是比常人多了份主观能动性,却收获了截然不同的人生。
3、叙例应求简明扼要
一支深入(沙)漠的考察队伍,随着日子一天天地过去,所准备粮食、水等必需品已所剩无几了,更糟糕的是他们迷路了,困在那荒无人烟的沙漠里。当一切食物吃完后,队里只剩下两个
人了,其余的早已死在路上了。两人当中一个心想:我的队友都牺牲了,而且也无食物甚至水留下了,我因缺水而死这是迟早的事!于是,他放弃找出路了,而是慢慢地闭上眼等待死神的降临。另一个则认为:整支队伍都没了,只剩下我们两人了,所以我更要努力保全自己的性命,把我们考察到的资料带出去,我坚信绿洲就在前方。所以,全力支撑着虚弱的身子四处寻找出路、水源,最终他果然凭借自己的力量冲出困境了。所以,即使被困境包围着,但只要抓住机遇寻找机会,依靠自己把困难?抖?掉就会找到生命的绿洲。
4、叙与议关系要一致
(1)生命诚可贵。生命的可贵之处在于它的独一无二,它的美好。而且,一个人的生命只有一次。这样,面对生命,我们不能轻易放弃。有一对夫妇,妻子患了尿毒症,而且是晚期,在这样的痛苦之下,简直是对生命绝望了,但是她丈夫一直在旁边打气,传输了很多关于生活如此美好的观念,最后奇迹般比最好预想多活了半年。就是因为她面对生命时不言放弃才有了多活半年的奇迹。
(2)1927年9月14日,纽约股市在崩盘,迅速波及其他资本主义国家,资本主义世界出现前所未有的经济大危机,经济萧条,人们感到绝望。但是危机给予人们的并不是绝路而是机会。罗斯福新政出台,国家干预经济,资本主义生产关系进行调整,经济再度繁荣起来。从这里我们不难看出,经济危机给予资本主义一个反省的机会,一个缓解矛盾的机会。你还能否认------危机意味着机会吗?
二.记叙文（夹叙夹议）结构模式
8、感点引路法（并列分解?为什么?）【横式结构】
(1)以?我想握住你的手?为题作文：
① 我想握住你的手，因为是您引我迈进了物理学的天地。（接写一个故事）
②我想握住你的手，因为是您教我学做真人。（接写一个故事）
③我想握住你的手，因为是您带我进入?三个境界?。（接写一个故事）
9、分镜头法【并列横式结构】
(1)以?收获?为题作文：
①镜头一：实验室中（在汗水中收获）
②镜头二：苏州河边（在实践中收获）
③镜头三：领奖台上（在创造中收获）
三、抒情文的结构模式
10、分情点法（移情并列象征法）【横式结构】
（移情：为了突出某种强烈的感情，作者有意识地赋予客观事物一些与自己的感情相一致，但实际上并不存在的特性，这样的修辞手法叫做移情。运用移情修辞手法，首先将主观的感情移到事物上，反过来又用被感染了的事物衬托主观情绪，使物人一体，能够更好地表达人的强烈感情，发挥修辞效果。）
(1)以?我爱绿色?为题作文（或话题：哪种色彩打动你心）：
①呼唤绿色心灵，她（代绿色）平静而纯洁。
②呼唤绿色心灵，她（代绿色）顽强而有活力。
③呼唤绿色心灵，她（代绿色）淡泊而谦逊。
(2)以?品味‘成长’?为题作文：
①成长是一棵树，根深方能叶茂。
②成长是一组宋词，三入境界悟真谛。
③成长是一个x，有悬念才引人入胜。
（3）以?青春礼赞?为题作文：
①青春似春笋，充满活力。
②青春似激流，永不回头。
③青春似旭日，光芒无比。
【附】
同学考场作文中优秀的分情点写作提纲展示
（1）作文题：青春就要向前走（张一炜）
①青春就要向前走，因为过去的时光不复回，无须留恋。②青春就要向前走，因为时代在发展，吾辈须与时俱进。③青春就要向前走，因为我们前途无量，拥有未来的世界。
（2）作文题：年轻的我们（徐世立）
①年轻的我们应当朝气蓬勃。
②年轻的我们应当积极进取。
③年轻的我们应当勇敢乐观。
（3）作文题：把握青春（李蔚青）
①勇于把握人生的青春，我从逆境中走出。
②勇于把握人生的青春，我走进了?三个境界?。③勇于把握人生的青春，我从稚嫩走向成熟。
（4）作文题：讴歌青春（龚辰烨）
①我讴歌青春，因为她是梦飞的起点。
②我讴歌青春，因为她是黄金的时代。
③我讴歌青春，因为她是人生的春天。
（重点是第3，5，8，10方法，统称并列发散法）
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