2014八年级下册英语期末复习短文填空专题练习题（范文大全）

第一篇：2014八年级下册英语期末复习短文填空专题练习题

2013-2014八年级下册英语期末复习

短文填空专题练习题

Mr.Jenkins liked all kinds of _1___________(美味的)food.As an important officer, he was often asked to dinner.The shopkeepers tried their best to fawn on（巴结）him.They knew it was good for their business.Now the officer got much _2________(胖)than before.He could _3________(几乎不)go upstairs at home and had to sleep downstairs.He often felt tired if he walked or did some housework.He was _4________(焦急的)about it and had to go to a doctor.“Stop _5________(吃)much meat with fat（脂肪）and sugar, Mr.Jenkins,” said the doctor.“Or(否则)it will be worse for your _6________(健康)!” It was difficult for the officer to do it.He wouldn’t do as the doctor said.He found something was wrong with his _7_______(心脏)a few months later.Now he thought the doctor was _8_________(正确的).And he had to be in hospital.“You must lose weight（减肥）_9__________(如果不)you want to die soon, sir,” said the doctor.“Could you tell me a way to lose weight, please?” asked Mr Jenkins.“You must do some exercise first.” “Which exercise?” “To move your head from side(边)to side when you are _10__________(被邀请)to dinner!”

Tim is a 16-year-old boy who studies in a high school.His parents tell him to study hard and they do _1_______(一切/每件事)for him.They wake him up at 6:00 am, and after breakfast his father takes him to school by car.As soon as the young man comes home from school, the supper is ready.Of course, he never does _2__________(家务杂务).Once, Tim’s father would go to London on business for a year.Before _3________(离开), he told his wife to look after_4________(他们的)son well.The woman had to get up earlier and did all what her husband did before.Two months later, she was so tired that she was ill.The young man got into _5________(麻烦/困境)at once.He couldn't do housework._6__________(甚至)he didn't know where to get on the bus.Yesterday Tim's mother found his shoes were worn out and told him to buy a new pair.But he didn't know how to choose _7________(合适的)shoes.The woman had a sigh（叹息）, gave him a shoe pattern(鞋样)and told him to buy shoes by _8__________(他自己).With a policeman’s help, he found a shop.The shopkeeper brought some shoes and asked him to choose.When he was trying on pair, _9________(突然)he remembered something and took them off.The man was surprised and asked,“What's the matter?” "I'm sorry.I've _10________(忘/遗留)my shoe pattern at home.”

A young American doctor was in bed when suddenly his doorbell _1________(开始)to ring.It was already _2________(午夜/半夜), but what could the doctor do?He had to get up, put on his coat and go downstairs.When he opened the door, he saw a man_3_________(站)with a hat in his hand.“How do you do?” said the man,“Can you come at once to a place out of town?It’s quite far but you have a car and I can show you the1

_4________(路).”

“Certainly,” said the doctor,“I’m quite _5_________(准备好的).I can come at once.” After a few minutes the car was standing at the front door, the man got into the doctor’s car, and they drove off.They _6__________(驾驶)on for a long time.Then the man said,“Here we are.This is my home.Now I can pay you and you can go _7________(回)to town.”

“I must see the patient(病人).How can I go back without _8_________(看)the patient?”

“There is no patient,” _9___________(解释)the man.“_10__________(没有人)is ill.I live here, you see, and one must get home from a town, mustn’t he? There are no taxis this time of the night, but a doctor often makes night calls, so excuse me.Here is money.Thank you, doctor.Good night.”

One day a _1________(平穷的)farmer was taking a bag of rice to town.Suddenly the bag fell off his horse on the road.He didn’t know what to do about it because it was too _2_________(重)for him to raise by himself.He only hoped that_3__________(某人/有人)would soon pass by and help him._4_________(正好)at this moment a man riding a horse came up to him.But the farmer was very disappointed(失望)when he saw who he was.It was the great man living nearby.The farmer had hoped to ask _5___________(另外的)farmer or a poor man like him.But to his_6__________(惊讶), the great man got off his horse as soon as he came near.He said to the farmer, “I see you need help, friend.How good it is that I’m here just at the right time.” Then he took one end of the bag, the farmer took the other.They __7__________(一起)lifted and put it on the horse.“Sir,” asked the farmer, “how can I pay you?”

“It’s quite easy,” the great man __8_________(回答)with a smile, “_9_________(无论哪儿)you see anyone else in trouble, do the _10__________(同样/相同的)for him.”

第二篇：2017-2018学人教版七年级英语上册期末复习短文填空练习题

2017-2018学七年级英语上册短文填空题01 Name __________ Class __________ Scores __________(1)

Linda: Good afternoon!My(1)________ Linda.(2)_______ you Helen? Helen: Yes, I am.Nice to meet you, Linda.Linda: Nice to meet you,(3)______.What's(4)_______ name? Helen: She's Jane.Linda: Is he Jack? Helen: No, he isn't.(5)________ name's Mike.(2)

Sally: Good morning, Jane.Jane: Good morning, Sally.Sally: Oh, Jane, this is my sister Kate.Kate, this is my(1)________ Jane.Kate: Nice to meet you, Jane.Jane: Nice to meet you,(2)________.Are those your parents? Kate: Yes,(3)________ are.Jane: And(4)________ he? Sally: He's my brother, Paul.Jane: Oh, I see.Well,(5)________

a good day!Sally/Kate: Thanks!You, too.Bye!(3)Teacher: Hi, Anna.Are these your pencils? Anna:

No,(1)________ Bob's.Teacher: And is this his green pen? Anna:

No, it isn't.The blue pen is his.Teacher: What(2)________ this dictionary? Anna:

It's Helen's.And the green pen is(3)________, too.Teacher: And the eraser? Is that(4)y________? Anna:

Yes, it is.Teacher: Thank you for your help, Anna.Anna:

You're(5)________.(4)Mom: Come on, Jack!Jack:

Oh, no!(1)________ my bag? Mom: Hmm…is it on your desk?

Jack:

No.And it's not(2)u________ the chair.Mom: Oh!It's on the sofa.Jack:

(3)T________ you, Mom.Err…where is the map? Mom: I think it's(4)________ your grandparents' room.Jack:

Yes, it's on their bed!And my hat? ]Mom: It's on your(5)h________!Jack:

Oh, yeah!Ha ha!2017-2018学七年级英语上册短文填空题02 Name __________ Class __________ Scores __________(5)I'm Kate, and my sister is Gina.I'm tidy,(1)________ Gina is not.In our room, my books and tapes are in the(2)b_________.My keys are in my schoolbag.I have a clock.It's on the desk.Gina's books are(3)e____________-on her bed, on the sofa and under the chair.The white model plane is(4)h________.It's under the desk.“Where are my keys? Where's my ruler? Where's my schoolbag?” Gina always(5)a________.(6)Do You Have a Soccer Ball? Frank Brown: I don't have a soccer ball, but my brother Alan(1)________.We go to the(2)s________ school and we love soccer.We play it at school(3)w________ our friends.It's relaxing.Gina Smith: Yes, I do.I have two soccer balls, three volleyballs, four basketballs and five baseballs and bats.I love(4)________, but I don't play themdo you eat ice-cream after dinner? Cindy: Err … I like ice-cream … but I don't eat it.I don't want to be(1)肥胖______.(10)Woman: Can I(1)________ you? Mary:

Yes, please.I need a sweater for school.Woman: OK.What(2)________ do you want? Mary:

Blue.Woman: How about this one? Mary:

It(3)l________ nice.How much is it? Woman: Nine dollars.Mary:

I'll(4)________ it.How much are those yellow socks.Woman: Two dollars for one pair and three dollars for two pairs.Mary:

Great!I'll take two pairs.Woman: Here you are.Mary:

Thank you.Woman: You're(5)________.2017-2018学七年级英语上册短文填空题04 Name __________ Class __________ Scores __________(11)Mr.Cool's Clothes Store Come and buy your clothes at our great(1)特价销售________!We(2)s______ all our clothes at very good(3)价格_____.Do you like sweaters? We have green sweaters for only $15!Yellow sweaters are only $12!Do you need trousers? For boys, we have black trousers for only $22.And(4)短裤_____are only $16!For girls, we have skirts in purple for only $20.How much are our jackets? Only $30!And we have black shoes for only $28.Socks are only $2 for three(5)双_____!Come to Mr.Cool's Clothes Store now!(12)Dear students, We have some interesting and fun things for you this(1)学期________.On(2)S________ the twenty-first, we have a school trip in the(3)a________.(4)O________ is a great month.On the twelfth and the fifteenth, we have two ball games, soccer and(5)v________.School Day is on October(6)第二十二________.(7)你们________ parents can come to our school.Next month, we have an art(8)节________.It's on November the third.We have an English party on November the thirtieth.And on(9)D________ the third, we have a book sale in the school(10)图书馆________.This is a really busy term!Have a good time!(13)Dear Jenny, I am very(1)忙碌________ on Friday.At 8:00 I have math.It is not fun.Mr.Yang says it is(2)u________,(3)________ I think it is difficult.Then at 9:00 I have science.It is difficult but(4)i________.At 10:00 I have(5)v________.After that, I have P.E.at 11:00.It's(6)e________ and fun.Lunch is from 12:00 to 1:00, and after that we have Chinese.It is my favorite subject.Our Chinese(7)________, Mr.Wang, is great fun.My classes(8)f________ at 1:50, but after that I have an art lesson for two(9)h________.It is really(10)轻松的________!How about you? When are your classes? What is your favorite subject?

Your friend, Yu Mei

第三篇：八年级英语下册 课文短文填空 人教版

八年级英语下册 课文短文填空 人教新目标版

短文填空Unit 1（根据3a,Section B改写）

Ten years l______, I’d like to become a r_______.I will live in Shanghai because I like the city v______ m______.It’s really b_________.If I am a reporter, I am sure I will meet many i___________ people.I will live in an a__________ with my best friends because I don’t want to live a_______.If possible, I will have m______ p______ in my apartment in ten years because I like them.My mother h______ them so I can’t have any now.I probably keep a pet p________ in my room.And I will go s______ and s______ very often.On weekday,I will wear a u_______ because I want to look smart.On w________, I can dress more c_________.I will go to Hong Kong on v______ and one day I might even visit A________.Predicting the future can be difficult.There are many predictions that never c______(1)true.Before 1929, there was no s______(2)in movies.The head of one of the b______(3)movie companies in the United States predicted that no one w_______(4)want to see actors t______(5).Of course, he was wrong!In 1977, the head of the largest computer c______(6)in the United States said, “N______

(7)one will want to have a c______(8)in his or her h_______(9).” He thought that computers would be n______(10)used by most people.短文填空 Unit 2（根据3a,Section B改写）

My name is Mary and I am in charge of(主管)a newspaper advice column(专栏).Here is a letter from a lonely kid.In the letter, he says he has a p________ and n______ my help.He always thought he was p________ at school.But he just f_______ o_____ that his friends were p_________ a birthday party for his best friend and they didn’t i_______ him.E______ e________ in his class was i_______ e_______ him, and he doesn’t know w_______.He can’t think what he did w_______.He is very u________ and doesn’t know what to do.My dear friends, can you give him some advice? Thank you!

短文填空 Unit 3(根据3a.Section B改写)

Linda loves her dog Davy.They went to the New York City last Saturday.While Linda was b_________ a newspaper a___ the train station, the dog got out o____ his box and r_____ a________.The station was c_________ and Linda couldn't see Davy anywhere.When Linda s__________ his name, some people looked at her but Davy didn’t come.Then she called the police.While she was talking o___ the telephone, Davy met a________ dog outside the station.While the police were coming, Linda walked around the station and called Davy’s name.She didn’t think about looking o________ the station.F________, a little boy said to her, “Did you look outside? I saw a big black dog when I came in.” When Linda finally saw Davy, he was j_________ andrunning w_______ another dog.There was a police officer next to them.The police officer said to Linda, “I think my dog f________ your dog.”

短文填空Unit 4（根据3a,Section B改写）

Dear grandma,How’s it going? I hope that grandpa is well now.I was s________ to hear that he had a cold last week.I hope you are in good h_________.Things are fine here.I finished my e______________ exams last week, and got my r_____ card today.I always get n_________ when I see the e_________ from school in the mail, but l_________ I did OK this time.I had a really hard time w______ science this s___________, and I wasn’t s___________ to find that my w__________ report was from my science teacher.She said I was l_________, which isn’t t_______.It’s just that I find science really d_______.Another d______________ result was in history.My history teacher said I c______ do better.The good news is that my math teacher said I was hard-working.And my Spanish teacher said my l___________ was good.Well, that’s about all the news I have f______ now.Mom and Dad s______ their love.Love,Alan

My best friend is Xiao Li, but last week in school we had a big f__________, and she didn’t t________ to me.It all s_________ when she asked me i____ she could c_______ my homework.I asked her why she wanted to do that, and she said that she had f_____ to do hers.I said I didn’t think it was a good idea for her to copy my h_________.It w_____ start a bad h_______ and she should do her o_____ work.She got really m____ at me and she didn’t want to be my best friend a__________.I said I was s_______ she would g_______ o__________ it.Yesterday she told me she was s_________.She said it was much b_________ if she did her own work.短文填空Unit 5（根据3a, Section B改写）

If I become an athlete, _______I _____ happy?

F___ many young people, b_________ a professional athlete m_______ seem like a dream job.If you become a p_________ athlete, you’ll be able to make a living d_______ something you love.If you become f_______, people all over the world will know you.Many a_______ give money to schools and c_________, and do a lot of work to help people.This is a great c_________ that many people do not have.H________, professional athletes can also have many problems.If you are famous, people will w_______ you all the time and f________ you everywhere.This can make life d_______.If you play sports for a l________, your job will sometimes be very d__________.Many professional athletes get i_________.And if you become r____, you will have a difficult time _________ who your r_______ friends are.In fact, many famous people c_________ that they are not happy.They say they were h_______ before they became rich and famous.短文填空Unit 6(根据3a, Section B改写)

Thanks for s________ me the snow globe of the monster.I love it.In fact, I think it’s p________ my f_________.I’ve been c_______ snow globes for seven years, and now I have 226 of them.My mom s_____ I have to stop, because we’ve ______________________ to store them.They’re all around our a_________.I e_______s_______ them in boxes under my bed.The first one I e______ got was a birthday cake snow globe on my seventh birthday.I e__________ love globes with animals.I have a big one with bears in it, and a________ one with penguins.If you know anyone else who c_________ them, please tell me.I’d like to start a snow globe c_________ club.By the way, what’s your h________?

短文填空Unit 7(根据3a, Section B改写)

We asked some people what a________ them.Here’s what they said:

I don’t like w_______ in line when a shop assistant h____ a long telephone conversation.When that happens, I usually say, “Would you mind h_______ me?” And I don’t like it when shop a_________ follow me around.Then I say, “Could you please not f_______ me around? I’ll ask you i____ I need some h_____.” U_________, the shop assistants say they are sorry, but s__________ they get mad.If that h___________, I won’t go back to that store again.短文填空Unit 8(根据3a, Section B改写)

The t__________ kind of pet these days is the pot-bellied pig.David Smith of North London has a pot-bellied pig c_____ Connie.“Pot-bellied pigs m_______ the best pets,” said David.“She w_______TV on the sofa with me every night.She’s my best friend.” H_________, life w______ a pig isn’t always p________.“When I got my pig, she was small,” said David, “but she eats a lot.Now she’s t______ big t______ sleep in the house, so I m_________ her a special pig house.Also, pigs need a lot of love.Sometimes I don’t have e________ time to spend w_________ her.”

E________ likes gifts.Some little kids think they don’t get e________ gifts.Some old people think they get too many g_____.Different people like different k_____ of gifts.Some presents are never too small.A little child may give his mother a l______ from a tree.It is enough to make her very h_______.Gift g_______ is different in different c________.In Japan, people sometimes give s_________ gifts.But they are not opened.L________, the same gift may be g_______ away to someone e____.Many people have enough things and don’t want too many gifts t_________.In Canada, many people will not give big gifts to someone else.They will p______ for a park bench or a tree to help r_______ a person.In the USA, some people ask their families to r_____ money for charity r_______ than buy them gifts.In Sweden, doing something for someone is the best gift.People don’t need to s________ too mnch money.I______, making a meal is enough.短文填空Unit 9(根据3a, Section B 改写)

Mei Shan has been a f_______t________ for ten years.She wanted to t________ all over the world.She studied E_______ for five years.David wants to be a t________g_______.He has never been to an E___________ country.He has been l__________ at the school for one year.He is thinking of being an English teacher i__________.短文填空Unit 10(根据3a, Section B 改写)

Dear Tony，Thanks for i____________me to watch a football game.I was r_______happy to have the

t____________.I had a w_________ time on Saturday night.Sometimes it’s not easy being the new kid at school.But you are really f________ to me.Friends like you makes it a lot easier to get a_______ in a new place.I had a hard time s_______ English until you came along.You always help me with my English p_________.I feel like p_________ of the group now.Thank you so much again.Yours sincerely,John

短文填空1Water is the most i________ of all the things we eat and d_______.Not many people uthis but it’s quite t.People can live wfood for a long time, yet two or three days without water can usually make people d.Many people don’t understand how much water the human body n.If we don’t have ewater, we’ll feel tand many of us will get i.So you know, how important water is to us all.短文填空2

Nowadays(当今), in China, you can ________ a lot of parents pay special attention to(特别关注)their one child’s growing _______.When their child is two or three years old or even _________, they will _______ to choose a good kindergarten(幼儿园)_______ his kid.Some parents will spend about eight hundred to nine hundred yuan _______ their kid’s tuition(学费).This is a ________ burden(负担)for the young ________.But for their little emperor’s bright(光明的)_________, what _______ could they do?

短文填空 3

Last year English was _________ for me.First of all, it wasn’t easy for me to understand the teacher ________ she talked to the class.Because I thought she spoke too _______ and I couldn’t understand every word._______, I realized(意识到)that it doesn’t matter ________ you don’t understand every word.Also I was afraid to speak in class, because I thought my classmates

might ________ at me.I couldn’t always make complete(完整的)sentences, either.Then I started to ________ English TV.It helped a lot.I think that doing lots of listening practice is one of the secrets of _________ a good language learner.Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar(语法).So I decided to _______ lots of grammar notes in every class.Then I started to write my own original sentences using the grammar I was learning.It’s amazing how much this helped.Now I and enjoying learning English and I got ________ A this term.短文填空4

If you are on a school bus, follow these safety rules---they could help you.Be sure to get to the bus stop early.Be there five minutes earlier ________ the bus comes.Don’t _________ in the street while you are waiting for the school bus.Make sure the bus ________ before you try to get on.When the bus stops, the door will open.Hold the handrail(扶手)and get on the bus.Be ___________!It’s a big step for a little person._________ push while you are getting on or off the bus.When you get on the bus, go to your seat(座位)and sit _________.Keep all parts of your body inside the bus at all times.You shouldn’t put your hands or head out of the __________. After getting off the school bus, _________ quickly to the sidewalk(人行道).短文填空 5

Ellen likes to _______ snow globes._______ she was only 7 years old, she _______ to collect them.On her seventh birthday, she got a _________ present, a snow globe _______ a birthday cake in it.That’s her _______ snow globe.From then on, she has _______ collecting snow globes for 7 years, and has collected 226 of them.She could _______ find room to store them, even them in boxes under her bed, they have been all around her apartment.So her mother asked her to ________ collecting them.But she really likes them, _________ loves globes with animals.She wants to __________ a snow globe collectors’ club.If you know anyone _______ who collects them, please tell her.Thank you!

短文填空 6

Yesterday when school was over,I ______ back home.______ my way home,I ______ a boy fall off(掉下)his bike and hurt himself.He ______ on the road.I ______ him to the nearest hospital at once.The doctor ______ over the boy carefully and _______, “There ______ nothing serious(严重的)”The boy _________ me he must be careful next time.We both _________ the doctor and left..短文填空 7

Mr.Johnson had a factory.He once ______ on TV that animals could be taught to ______ some work for people if they were given ________ to eat.He loved the idea.He thought it would be ________ to have a dog look after his ____________ and an elephant do most heavy jobs _______ his factory.He bought a dog _______ an elephant in the market and decided to teach them to do some work for him.Of course, he also bought a lot of ________ for them.Several months later, the dog and the elephant _________ fatter and fatter, but they _________do any work for him.At last, Mr.Johnson had to give up.

第四篇：新目标英语八年级下册短文填空练习

新目标英语八年级下册短文填空专项练习

(A)

Happiness is for everyone.You don't need to care about the rich.Though they have beautiful

In into it.When you are in ,people around

you feel unhappy;when you succeed in something, your friends will sayyou.All these are your happiness.If you notice a bit of them, you can see that happiness is always are around you.money.It is a feeling of your heart.Although you are poor, you can also say you are very happy.Money is You have something else thatyou have more chances to challenge(挑战)yourself.So you can not always say you are luck.If you take every chance you get, you can be a happy and lucky person.(B)

the environment and the earth.Choose with a few of your own.● Plant flowers, grass or trees.●Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there----keep rubbish in a

you can put it in a dustbin.●Turn the lights, TV sets when you leave the room.This saves a lot of electricity.●Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth.You can save some water by not letting it run.●Keep the doors and windows in winter to keep warm air in.●Give your old books and magazines7a library instead of throwing them away.●Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.●Use both sides of paper.●Stop8dirty water into the rivers or the lakes nearby.●Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth.You don’t have to until Earth Day to do these things.Make every day Earth Day.If everyone makes a contribution , the world will become much more beautiful.(C)

I have a problem.Yesterday afternoon I with my best friend,Kim.And he was very angry.I thought about it a long time last night.Now I know I wasat that time.But I don’t know do.My mother thinks Igo to see Kim and tell him I was wrong.My father thinks I should to him.And my brotherI should call Teen talk,the radio advice program.My sister tellsI should callmy teacher for advice.Can you tell me what I should do?

(D)

day he went to sell his caps.He wentin it.It was very hot and the man wanted to rest a little.He came up to a large tree, put his caps on the and soon fell.“Where are my caps?” Smith cried when he woke up.He looked up and saw many

its head.“Give me back my caps!” The

man shouted at the monkeys.But the monkeys didn’t understand him.They only laughed.The man , took off his own cap, threw it on the ground and cried, “If you want all my caps, you may take this one, too!”And what do you think.Each monkey took off its cap and threw it on the ground.The man was very glad.He quickly collected all his caps and went on his way.(E)

Tom and Fred are talking about the year 2050.“What will our world bein the year 2050? ” “I don’t know, ” says Fred，“What do you think? ” “Well, no one knows, but it’s “In the year 2050 everyone will carry a pocket computer.The to all their problems.We shall all have telephones in our pockets, too, and we’ll be our friends all over the world.Perhaps we’ll be able to see them at the time.” “A lot of people will live and work under the.Perhaps there will be big towns, factories and farms under the sea, too.” “Machines will doperhaps they’ll work only two three days a week.They’ll be able to fly to the moon byand spend their holidays there.” “I’m lookingthe year 2050.I hope to go to the moon!” “And I hope I’ll be able to live under the sea.” says Fred, “Won’t that be very interesting?Just like a fish!”

(F)

Round eyes, round head, round ears and also round body!What is this lovely little animal? He looks like a bear，but he is not a bear.He’s a KOALA.live safely.No one can kill them for their pretty fur(毛皮).When a koala is born, he has no fur.And

脚趾of her body.The baby stays in this warm pocketsix months.When he leaves the pocket, he has much fur.He climbs onto his mother’s back.There he learns Koala is a loving mother.She takes good care of her 顽皮的), she beats him.If she beats him hard, he will cry like a child.a special kind of tree.The tree gives him both homefood.For most of the day the koala sleeps

How lovely the koalas are!

(G)

When two Englishmen meet, the topic of their small talk is often about the weather.One person might say, “It’s a fine day, it?”“OK , it’s fine and we don’t have many fine days, do?” The topic on the weather has been popular among people.It is said that, , the famous playwright（剧作家）George Bernard Shaw walked in the street.There came an old man and said “Good afternoon, Mr Shaw!Such a lovely day, isn’t it?” , “Oh, yes.But today twenty people have told me about it in the past two hours.Thank you all the.”

Why do the British like to discuss the weather while ? There are two reasons.First, about personal things, so they can only talk about the weather.Britain is for its terrible weather—thick fog, heavy rain and icy snow.

第五篇：八年级《短文两篇》练习题

《陋室铭》训练题（何燕）

译文：

山不在于高低，有了神仙就可以名声远播。水不在于深浅，有了蛟龙就显得有灵气。这是所简陋的房子，只因为我的品德高尚（就不会感到简陋了）。青苔的痕迹蔓上台阶，苍翠碧绿；绿草的颜色映入竹帘，一片青葱。在这里谈笑的都是博学而又品德高尚的人，跟我往来的没有知识浅薄的人。（闲时）可以用来（可以：可以用来。）弹奏不加装饰的琴，阅读佛经。没有管弦乐演奏的乐声扰乱双耳，没有官府的公文使人劳累。（我的陋室真比得上）当年南阳诸葛亮的草庐，西蜀扬子云的亭子。孔子说过：“（既有君子住在里头）又有什么简陋呢”？

注解

题目：选自《全唐文》。陋室，简陋的屋子。铭，古代刻在器物上用来警戒自己或称述功德的文字，后来发展成一种文体。（1）在：在于，动词。（2）名：名词作动词，出名。（3）灵：形容词作动词，灵异，神奇，也有灵气的意思。（4）斯是陋室：斯：指示代词，这。是：判断动词。陋室：简陋的屋子。（5）惟：只。（6）惟吾德馨：只是我（住在屋中的人）的品德高尚（就不感到简陋了）。德馨:品德高尚。馨，香气，古代常用来形容人的品德高尚。吾：我，这里指作者，陋室的主人。〔7〕 苔痕上阶绿，草色入帘青：苔痕碧绿，长到阶上；草色青葱，映入眼帘。说明来拜访刘禹锡的人少。草色入帘青，庭草不除，反映了室主人淡泊名利的心态，渲染了恬静的气氛。（8）鸿儒：即大儒，此指博学而又品德高尚的人。鸿：大。儒：旧指读书人。（9）白丁：平民。这里指没有什么学问的人。（10）调（tiáo）素琴：调，调弄，这里指弹琴；素琴，不加装饰的琴。（11）金经：古代用泥金书写而成的佛经，泛指佛经。（12）丝竹：琴、瑟、箫、笛等乐器的总称，“丝”指弦乐器，“竹”指管乐器。这里指奏乐的声音。

（14）乱耳：使耳朵扰乱（使动用法）。乱：使……扰乱（15）案牍（dú）：官府的公文。（16）劳形：使身体劳累（使动用法）。劳：使……劳累。形，形体、身体。（18）南阳诸葛庐，西蜀子云亭：南阳有诸葛亮的草庐，西蜀有扬子云的亭子。这两句是说，诸葛庐和子云亭都很简陋，因为居住的人很有名，所以受到人们的景仰。诸葛亮，字孔明，三国时蜀汉丞相，著名的政治家和军事家，出仕前曾隐居南阳郡隆中山中。扬雄，字子云，西汉时文学家，蜀郡成都人。庐，简陋的小屋子。（19）何陋之有：有什么简陋呢？之：助词，宾语前置的标志，无实义。全句意为“有何陋”。语见《论语·子罕》：“子欲居九夷，或曰；„陋，如之何？‟子曰：„君子居之，何陋之有？‟”孔子认为，九夷虽然简陋，但是有君子住在那里，就不简陋了。本文只用“何陋之有”，兼含着“君子之居”的意思。此处引用孔子的话证“陋室”说明“有德者居之，则陋室不陋。”与前文“斯是陋室，惟吾德馨”遥相呼应。把个“陋”字彻底翻了过来，达到“不陋”的最完美的境界，这是全文的点睛之笔。突出表明了作者高洁傲岸的情操和安贫乐道的情趣。

训练题

4作者在文章首尾分别运用了比喻和类比手法，其意图是为了强调什么？

5．《陋室铭》的作者是，字，是 朝人。

6．铭是一种文体，最初是古代刻在器物、碑碣上 的文字，后来发展为一种 的文体，用来记述事实、功德的文字，述公记行、有时也用来警戒自己或称述功德的文体，这种文体有---的特点。

7．《陋室铭》大量使用“无丝竹之乱耳，无案牍之劳形”这样的句子，句式整齐，音韵和谐，使用的是 的修辞方法。

8．翻译句子。

①山不在高，有仙则名。②谈笑有鸿儒，往来无白丁。

③无丝竹之乱耳，无案牍之劳形。④何陋之有？

⑤斯是陋室，惟吾德馨。⑥苔痕上阶绿，草色入帘青。

9．下列句中“之”的用法分别是：

A、助词“的” B、代词 C、动词，“往，到”

D、主谓之间取消句子独立性 E、宾语提前的标志

①何陋之有？（）②忘路之远近（）③渔人甚异之（）④具答之（）⑤牡丹，花之富贵者也（）⑥君之病在肌肤（）⑦中间力拉崩倒之声（）

10.找出表明中心的句子。

11．作者通过描写自己的“陋室”表明了自己-------的愿望和-------的生活情趣。这这篇短文采用了------的写法

13．文中说“斯是陋室”，而结尾却说“何陋之有”，到底这屋子陋还是不陋呢？

14．完成下面的对偶句创作。

上句：品千古美文 下句：__________________________________________。

爱莲说

①水陆草木之花，可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来，世人甚爱牡丹。予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖，中通外直，不蔓不枝，香远益清，亭亭净植，可远观而不可亵玩焉。

②予谓菊，花之隐逸者也；牡丹，花之富贵者也；莲，花之君子者也。噫！菊之爱，陶后鲜有闻。莲之爱，同予者何人？牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣！

● 翻译

水里、陆上各种草木的花，可爱的很多。晋代陶渊明只爱菊花。自从李氏的唐朝以来，世上的人都很喜爱牡丹。我只爱莲花的从污泥里长出来却不被沾染，在清水里洗涤过但是并不显得妖媚，荷梗中间贯通，外形挺直，既不生藤蔓，也没有旁枝，香气传送到远处，更加使人觉得清幽，笔直、洁净地挺立水中，可以在远处观赏，但不能贴近去玩弄。

我认为，菊花是花中的隐士；牡丹，是花中的富贵者；莲花，是花中的君子。唉！爱菊花的人，在陶渊明以后很少有人听到了。爱莲花的人，像我一样的还有什么人呢？喜爱牡丹的人，当然是很多了！

● 练习

一、解释粗体的字：

可爱者甚蕃自李唐来

濯清涟而不妖出淤泥而不染

不蔓不枝香远

亭亭净植亭亭净植

可远观而不可亵玩焉予谓菊陶后鲜（）有闻

宜（）乎众矣

二、给粗体的字注音：

甚蕃（）淤（）泥濯（）清涟（）而不妖亵（）玩

三、根据原文回答：

1、比喻君子不同流合污的语句是____________________。

2、比喻君子美名远扬的语句是______________________。

四、选择

1、下面哪句话最能概括莲的高贵品质（）

A．出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖B．可远观而不可亵玩焉C．花之君子者也

2、选出与“出淤泥而不染”中的“而”含义用法相同的一项（）

A．吾恂恂而起B．执策而临之C．学而不思则罔D．余闻而愈悲

3、下列诗句中有咏莲的的，也有咏菊的，其中咏莲的诗句是（）

（1）小荷才露尖尖角，早有蜻蜒立上头。

（2）荷花入暮犹愁热，低面深藏碧伞中。

（3）待到重阳日，还来就菊花。

（4）接天莲叶无穷碧，映日中花别样红。

（5）秋丛绕舍似陶家，遍绕篱边日渐斜。

A．（1）（3）（5）B．（2）（3）（4）C．（3）（4）（5）D．（1）（2）（4）

4、下列各组粗体词意思相同的一组是（）

A．陶渊明独爱菊无独有偶

B．香远益清精益求精

C．陶后鲜有闻屡见不鲜

D．宜乎众矣因地制宜

五、阅读•分析

1、本文作者是______代哲学家_________________。

2、用“/”给第二段文字断句。（注意：此题不要求加标点）予 谓 菊 花 之 隐 逸 者 也 牡 丹 花 之 富 贵 者 也 莲 花 之 君 子 者 也 噫 菊 之 爱 陶 后 鲜 有 闻 莲 之 爱 同 予 者 何 人 牡 丹 之 爱 宜 乎 众 矣

3、其中“说”是一种__________，可以_____________，也可以_________________，都是为了__________________。

4、文中作者把“莲”比作君子，那么作者认为君子应该是 ________________的人。

5、作者在文中为表达自己的思想感情，托物言志，用“莲”来自比，又用“菊”和“牡丹”来衬托。联系你自己的志趣和追求，写出你最喜爱的一种花，并用一句话来概括喜爱的原因。最喜爱的花是：__________________

喜爱的原因是：__________________

6、按要求回答：

①第一段中描写莲花高洁、质朴的语句是___________________________，描写莲花正直的语句是_____________________________。

②短文以莲为写作对象，写菊、牡丹的目的是_____________________________。

③从上下文连贯的角度看，第二段结尾句“牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣”应放在“莲之爱，同予者何人？”的前面，作者将它放在结尾的目的是________________________。

7、短文赞扬莲花“出淤泥而不染”的高贵品质，实则是作者思想情怀的抒发，可现实生活中，有人却认为“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”，对这两种观点，你是怎样看待的？请简述理由。

8、相接的两句话，________相同，________相对，叫做骈句，试从文中找出一句这样的句子。

9、《爱莲说》这篇文章，作者对莲花清逸秀美的形态的描写，赞美道德高尚的君子，请根据莲花的象征，用线条将与之对应的比喻义连起来。

莲花君子

A 出淤泥而不染a 不攀附权贵

B 中通外直b 美德广布，青史留名

C 不蔓不枝c 单然独立，刚直不阿

D 香远益清d 威严难犯，清高自守

E 亭亭净植e 超然出世，不同流俗

F 濯清涟而不妖f 不卑不亢，不媚不俗

10、第二段文字从句子的用途看，采用了_____________ 句、__________句、________句。从修辞手法看，采用了__________、_________、_______等修辞手法。

11、文中“陶”是指_____代诗人 _______________。

12、本文采用___________的写法，在莲的形象中寄寓了作者___________、___________的操守和感情。

13、“牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣”一句照应上文的“ ______________”。结尾这一句感叹表达了作者对__________________的世风的鄙弃。

14、本文采用了以花喻人、托物言志的写法。作者对莲的描述和赞美寄寓着他怎样的思想感情？

参考答案：

爱莲说

三、1、出淤泥而不染。

2、香远益清。

四、1、C2、C3、D4、B

五、1、宋，周敦颐。

2、略

3、文体，说明事物，发表议论或记叙事物，说明一个道理。

4、品德高尚

5、略

6、①出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖 中通外直，不蔓不枝②衬托莲花的高洁可爱。③引人注意和思考，突出作者的写作目的。

7、（提示：针对某一种观点或将两者结合起来谈均可，但必须扣住”人与环境”的关系）

8、字数 意思 出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖。

10、陈述、感叹、疑问、排比、反问、比喻

11、晋、陶渊明

12、托物言志、不慕名利、洁身自好

13、世人甚爱牡丹、追求富贵（或“贪慕富贵”、“追逐名利”）、趋炎附势

14、不慕名利，洁身自好，要在污浊的世间保持高洁的品格和坚贞的节操。

参考答案：陋室铭

1．有仙人居住的山，有龙潜藏的水；诸葛庐 子云亭

2．A.灵异 B.这 C.香气，这里指品德高尚 D.映入 E.博学的人

F.本文指没有什么学问的人 G.指嘈杂的音乐；扰乱（或使„„受到扰乱）

H.调弄，弹奏 I.官府的公文；使„„劳累 J.佛经

3．分别为环境幽雅、往来者渊博、兴趣高雅。

4．强调助手的品德高尚，志趣高远。

5．刘禹锡，梦得，唐

6．用韵

7．对偶

8．①山不一定高，有仙人居住就能天下闻名。②谈笑往来有渊博的学者，没有粗俗的人。③没有嘈杂的管乐之声扰乱两耳，没有官府的公文劳累身心。④有什么简陋的呢？ ⑤这是一间简陋的屋子，只是我的品德高尚（才使得它不显得简陋）

⑥苔痕碧绿，长到阶上；草色青葱，映入眼帘。

9．E A B B A A A

10．斯是陋室，惟吾德馨。

11． 保持高尚节操；安贫乐道；借物抒情

12．C

13．从建筑和室内布置看是简陋的，但由于屋主人品德高尚，所以这小屋就不显得简陋了

14．赏中外佳作、尝古今佳酿、解今生烦恼、赏绝代佳人

－：