自动化专业英语_lesson1_学生

第一篇：自动化专业英语_lesson1_学生

Lesson 1Introduction to Control System

PartΙ Introduction

Automatic control has played a vital role in the advancement of engineering and science.In addition to its extreme importance in space-vehicle, missile-guidance, and aircraft-piloting systems, etc, automatic control has become an important and integral part of modern manufacturing and industrial processes.For example, automatic control is essential in such industrial operations as controlling pressure, temperature, humidity, viscosity, and flow in the process industries;tooling, handling, and assembling mechanical parts in the manufacturing industries, among many others.Since advances in the theory and practice of automatic control provide means for attaining optimal performance of dynamic systems, improve the quality and lower the cost of production, expand the production rate, relieve the drudgery of many routine, repetitive manual operations etc, most engineers and scientists must now have a good understanding of this field.The first significant work in automatic control was James Watt’s centrifugal governor for the speed control of a steam engine in the eighteenth century.Other significant works in the early stages of development of control theory were due to Minorsky, Hazen, and Nyquist, among many others.In 1922 Minorsky worked on automatic controllers for steering ships and showed how stability could be determined by the differential equations describing the system.In 1934 Hazen, who introduced the term “servomechanisms” for position control systems, discussed design of relay servomechanisms capable of closely following a changing input.During the decade of the 1940’s, frequency-response methods made it possible for engineers to design linear feedback control systems that satisfied performance requirements.From the end of the 1940’s to early 1950’s, the root-locus method in control system design was fully developed.The frequency-response and the root-locus methods, which are the core of classical theory, lead to systems that are stable and satisfy a set of more or less arbitrary performance requirements.Such systems are, in general, not optimal in any meaningful sense.Since the late 1950’s, the emphasis on control design problems has been shifted from the design of one of many systems that can work to the design of one optimal system in some meaningful sense.As modern plants with many inputs and outputs become more and more complex, the description of a modern control system requires a large number of equations.Classical control theory, which deals only with single-input-single-output(SISO)systems, becomes entirely

powerless for multiple-input-multiple-output systems(MIMO).Since about 1960, modern control theory has been developed to cope with the increased complexity of modern plants and the stringent requirements on accuracy, weight, and industrial applications.Because of the readily available electronic analog, digital, and hybrid computers for use in complex computations, the use of computers in the design of control systems and the use of on-line computers in the operation of control systems are now becoming common practice.The most recent developments in modern control theory may be said to be in the direction of the optimal control of both deterministic and stochastic systems as well as the adaptive and learning control of complex systems.Applications of modern control theory to such nonengineering fields as biology, economics, medicine, and sociology are now under way, and interesting and significant results can be expected in the near future.PartⅡ Terminology Used in Control System

Next we shall introduce the terminology necessary to describe control systems.Plants.A plant is a piece of equipment, perhaps just a set of machine parts functioning together, the purpose of which is to perform a particular operation.Here we shall call any physical object to be controlled(such as a heating furnace, a chemical reactor, or a spacecraft)a plant.Systems.A system is a combination of components that act together and perform a certain objective.A system is not limited to abstract, dynamic phenomena such as those encountered in economics.The word “system” should, therefore, be interpreted to imply physical, biological, economic, etc., system.Disturbances.A disturbance is a signal which tends to adversely affect the value of the output of a system.If a disturbance is generated within the system, it is called internal, while an external disturbance is generated outside the system and is an input.Feedback control.Feedback control is an operation which, in the presence of disturbances, tends to reduce the difference between the output of a system and the reference input(or an arbitrarily varied, desired state)and which does so on the basis of this difference.Here, only unpredictable disturbance(i.e., those unknown beforehand)are designated for as such, since with predictable or known disturbances, it is always possible to include compensation with the system so that measurements are unnecessary.Feedback control systems.A feedback control system is one which tends to maintain a prescribed relationship between the output and the reference input by comparing these and using the difference as a means of control.Note that feedback control systems are not limited to the field of engineering but can be found in various nonengineering fields such as economics and biology.For example, the human organism, in one aspect, is analogous to an intricate chemical plant with an enormous variety of unit operations.The process control of this transport and chemical-reaction network involves a variety of control loops.In fact, human organism is an extremely complex feedback control system.Servomechanisms.A servomechanism is a feedback control system in which the output is some mechanical position, velocity, or acceleration.Therefore, the terms servomechanism and position-(or velocity-or acceleration-)control system are synonymous.Servomechanisms are extensively used in modern industry.For example, the completely automatic operation of machine tools, together with programmed instruction, may be accomplished by use of servomechanisms.Automatic regulating systems.An automatic regulating system is a feedback control system in which the reference input or the desired output is either constant or slowly varying with time and in which the primary task is to maintain the actual output at the desired value in the presence of disturbances.A home heating system in which a thermostat is the controller is an example of an automatic regulating system.In this system, the thermostat setting(the desired temperature)is compared with the actual room temperature.A change in the desired room temperature is a disturbance in this system.The objective is to maintain the desired room temperature despite changes in outdoor temperature.There are many other examples of automatic regulating systems, some of which are the automatic control of pressure and of electric quantities such as voltage, current and frequency.Process control systems.An automatic regulating system in which the output is a variable such as temperature, pressure, flow, liquid level, or pH is called a process control system.Process control is widely applied in industry.Programmed controls such as the temperature control of heating furnaces in which the furnace temperature is controlled according to a preset program are often used in such systems.For example, a preset program may be such that the furnace temperature is raised to a given temperature in a given time interval and then lowered to another given temperature in some other given time interval.In such program control the set point is varied according to the preset time schedule.The controller then functions to maintain the furnace temperature close to the varying set point.It should be noted that most process control systems include servomechanisms as an integral part.Part ⅢNew Words and Phrases

New Words:

1.analogous [ə'næləgəs]adj.类似的，相似的2.drudgery['drʌdʒəri]n.苦差事，苦工

3.differential [difə'renʃəl]adj.[数学] 微分的 n.[数学] 微分

4.deterministic [di,tə:mi'nistik]adj.可定的，明确的，决定性的，确定性的5.designate ['dezigneit]vt.指明，指出，任命，指派

6.function ['fʌŋkʃən]n.官能，功能，职责，仪式；函数

vi.(器官等)活动，运行，行使职责

7.humidity [hju:'miditi]n.湿气，潮湿，湿度

8.hybrid ['haibrid] computer 混[复]合计算机

9.integral ['intigrəl]adj.[数学]积分的n.[数学] 整数，积分

10.intricate ['intrikit]adj.复杂的，错综的，难以理解的11.interval ['intəvəl]n.间隔，距离，幕间休息

12.optimal ['ɔptəməl]adj.最佳的，最优的，最理想的13.plant[plɑ:nt]n.工厂，对象，车间，设备，联合装置

14.preset [pri:'set]vt.事先调整，预先安置，预先调试

15.relieve [ri'li:v]vt.减轻，解除，援救，救济，换班

16.routine [ru:'ti:n]n.例行公事，常规，惯例，日常事务，程序

adj.常规的，平淡的，乏味的17.relay [ri'lei]n.继电器

18.stringent['strindʒənt]adj.严厉的，迫切的19.stochastic [stə'kæstik]adj.随机的，机遇的，偶然的，推测的20.servomechanism ['sə:vəu'mekənizəm]n.伺服机构(系统)，自动控制装置，跟踪器

21.synonymous [si'nɔniməs]adj.同义的22.terminology [,tə:mi'nɔlədʒi]n.术语学，术语，专门名词

23.thermostat ['θə:məstæt]n.自动调温器，温度调节装置

24.tooling['tu:liŋ]n.用刀具加工，工具，机床安装

25.unpredictable ['ʌnpri'diktəbl]adj.不可预知的26.viscosity [vis'kɔsiti]n.黏质，黏性

27.velocity [vi'lɔsiti].n.速度，速率

Phrases:

1.adaptive and learning control(自)适应与学习控制

2.centrifugal [sen'trifjugəl] governor离心调速器

3.common practice 常规，习惯作法，一般惯例

4.liquid ['likwid]level 液位

5.machine tools机床

6.under way 在进行中，在行进，起步的，启动的常用拉丁缩写：

1.i.e.[,ai'i:]abbr.[拉] id est [id’est]＝that is(to say)也，即，就是

2.etcabbr.[拉] etcetera：[ètsétɚrə] 等等

Part ⅣExercises

1.Translate the following into English.电流常数 偏差 流量根轨迹参考输入控制回路设定值

过程控制 最优控制 反馈控制 自动调节系统

古典控制理论现代控制理论

内扰 外扰

准确性 稳定性

频率响应 时域响应

2.Translate the following into Chinese

In many cases, the design of control system is based on some theory rather than intuition or trail-and-error.Control theory is used for dealing with the dynamic response of a system to commands, regulations, or disturbances.The application of control theory has essentially two phases: dynamic analysis and control system design.The analysis phase is concerned with determination of the response of a plant(the controlled object)to commands, disturbance, and changes in the plant parameters.If the dynamic response is satisfactory, there need be no second phase.If the response is unsatisfactory, a design phase is necessary to select the control elements(the controller)needed to improve the dynamic performance to acceptable levels.

第二篇：自动化专业英语

1)the parameterization of the0controller0isC=X+MQ/Y-NQ。where N,M are right coprime factors of P,X,Y satisfy NX+MY=1,Q∈RH∞

2)According to the right coprime factorization of P, N=,M=,X=,Y=By the performance of the closed-loop system

N(0)[X(0)+M(0)Q(0)]=1 N(10j)[Y(10j)-N(10j)Q(10j)]=0，So take Q in the form Q(s)=x1+x2·1/s+1+x3·1/(x+

1)²

we can get the solution of Q。x1=,x2=,x3=,Q=Finally,the controller is C=

步骤:S=1-λ/λ代人 P(λ)=λ²/6λ²-5λ+1

X=-q2/r2 ,y=1+q1q2/r2 λ=1/s﹢1

N(S)=1/(s+1)²

M(s)=(s-1)(s-2)/(s+1)² X(s)=19s-11/s+1Y(s)=s+6/s+1

C=X+MQ/Y-NQ

N(0)[X(0)+M(0)Q(0)]=1 N(10j)[Y(10j)-N(10j)Q(10j)]=0

Q(0)=6，Q(10j)=-94+70j Q(s)=x1+x2·1/s+1+x3·1/(x+

1)²

x1=-79 x2=-723 x3=808 Q(s)=(-79s²-881s+6)/(s+1)²C(s)=[-60s4-598s32

2+2515s-1794s+1]/[s(s+100)(s+9)]

A control system is stable if the number of encirclements of the(-1,0)point by the GH plot is equal to the number of poles of GH with positive real parts.The direction of encirclement must be in a direction opposite to τs.GH is on open loop transfer function.τs is open right half of s-plane.一个控制系统是稳定的数量是否包围的(1,0)点的GH图的数量相等的两极与积极的真实部分GH。被包围的方向都必须在一个τs的相反方向。

“GH”是在开环传递函数上。τs在s-plane的右半平面开放。

二．The process of designing a control system generally involves many steps.A typical scenario is as follows:

1.Study the system to be controlled and decide what types of sensors and actuators will be used and where they will be placed.2.Model the resulting system to be controlled.3.Simplify the model if necessary so that it is tractable.4.Analyze the resulting model;determine its properties.5.Decide on performance specifications.6.Decide on the type of controller to be used.7.Design a controller to meet the specs, if possible;if not, modify the specs or generalize the type of controller sought.8.Simulate the resulting controlled system, either on a computer or in a pilot plant.9.Repeat from step 1 if necessary.10.Choose hardware and software and implement the controller.11.Tune the controller on-line if necessary.r．reference or command inputvsensor outputuactuating signal, plant inputdexternal disturbanceyplant output and measured signaln．sensor noise

第三篇：自动化专业英语中英对照

自动化专业英语中英文对照 retarding torque 制动转矩

inductive component 感性（无功）分量 abscissa axis 横坐标

induction generator 感应发电机

synchronous generator 同步发电机automatic station 无人值守电站hydropower station 水电站

process of self – excitation 自励过程auxiliary motor 辅助电动机

technical specifications 技术条件voltage across the terminals 端电压steady – state condition 瞬态 暂态reactive in respect to 相对….呈感性active in respect to 相对….呈阻性synchronous condenser 同步进相（调相）机

coincide in phase with 与….同相synchronous reactance 同步电抗algebraic 代数的algorithmic 算法的biphase 双相的bilateral circuit 双向电路bimotored 双马达的corridor 通路

shunt displacement current 旁路位移电流

leakage 泄漏

lightning shielding 避雷harmonic 谐波的insulator string 绝缘子串neutral 中性的zero sequence current 零序电流sinusoidal 正弦的square平方

corona 电晕,放电bypass 旁路

voltmeter 电压表ammeter 电流表micrometer 千分尺thermometer 温度计watt-hour meter 电度表wattmeter 电力表private line 专用线路diameter 直径centimeter 厘米

restriking 电弧再触发magnitude 振幅oscillation 振荡auxiliary 辅助的protective gap 保护性间隙放电receptacle 插座

lightning arrester 避雷装置bushing 套管trigger 起动装置stress 应力

deterioration 损坏,磨损spark gap 火花放电隙traveling-wave 行波

wye-connected 星形连接enclosure 设备外壳live conductor 带电导体fuse 熔断器

structural 结构上的out-of-step 不同步的resynchronize 再同步synchroscops 同步指示器

automatic oscillograph 自动示波器nominally 标称sampling 采样

potential transformer 电压互感器fraction 分数

switchyard 户外配电装置hazard 危险bushing 高压套contact 触点

energize 励磁trip coil 跳闸线圈

over-current relay 过电流继电器armature 衔铁

pickup current 始动电流release current 释放电流solenoid relay 螺管式继电器

induction-disc relay 感应圆盘式继电器cast-aluminum rotor 铸铝转子bronze 青铜horsepower 马力random-wound 散绕insulation 绝缘

ac motor 交流环电动机end ring 端环alloy 合金

inverse time relay 反时限继电器hydraulic 液力的dashpot 阻尼器pneumatic 气动的permanent magnet 永磁体electrical stressing 电气应力mechanical stressing 机械应力deviation 偏差

third harmonic voltage 三次谐波电压induction machine 感应式电机horseshoe magnet 马蹄形磁铁magnetic field 磁场eddy current 涡流

right-hand rule 右手定则left-hand rule 左手定则slip 转差率

induction motor 感应电动机rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场winding 绕组stator 定子rotor 转子

induced current 感生电流time-phase 时间相位

exciting voltage 励磁电压solt 槽

lamination 叠片

laminated core 叠片铁芯short-circuiting ring 短路环squirrel cage 鼠笼rotor core 转子铁芯coil winding 线圈绕组form-wound 模绕

performance characteristic 工作特性frequency 频率

revolutions per minute 转/分motoring 电动机驱动generating 发电

per-unit value 标么值

breakdown torque 极限转矩breakaway force 起步阻力overhauling 检修

wind-driven generator 风动发电机revolutions per second 转/秒number of poles 极数

speed-torque curve 转速力矩特性曲线plugging 反向制动

synchronous speed 同步转速percentage 百分数

locked-rotor torque 锁定转子转矩full-load torque 满载转矩prime mover 原动机

inrush current 涌流magnetizing reacance 磁化电抗

line-to-neutral 线与中性点间的staor winding 定子绕组leakage reactance 漏磁电抗no-load 空载full load 满载

Polyphase 多相(的)iron-loss 铁损

complex impedance 复数阻抗rotor resistance 转子电阻leakage flux 漏磁通locked-rotor 锁定转子chopper circuit 斩波电路separately excited 他励的compounded 复励dc motor 直流电动机de machine 直流电机speed regulation 速度调节shunt 并励series 串励

armature circuit 电枢电路optical fiber 光纤interoffice 局间的waveguide 波导 波导管bandwidth 带宽

light emitting diode 发光二极管silica 硅石 二氧化硅

regeneration 再生, 后反馈放大coaxial 共轴的,同轴的high-performance 高性能的carrier 载波mature 成熟的Single Side Band(SSB)单边带coupling capacitor 结合电容propagate 传导 传播modulator 调制器demodulator 解调器line trap 限波器shunt 分路器

Amplitude Modulation(AM 调幅

Frequency Shift Keying(FSK)移频键控

tuner 调谐器attenuate 衰减incident 入射的two-way configuration 二线制generator voltage 发电机电压dc generator 直流发电机

polyphase rectifier 多相整流器boost 增压

time constant 时间常数

forward transfer function 正向传递函数

error signal 误差信号regulator 调节器

stabilizing transformer 稳定变压器time delay 延时

direct axis transient time constant 直轴瞬变时间常数

transient response 瞬态响应solid state 固体buck 补偿

operational calculus 算符演算gain 增益pole 极点

feedback signal 反馈信号dynamic response 动态响应

voltage control system 电压控制系统mismatch 失配

error detector 误差检测器excitation system 励磁系统field current 励磁电流transistor 晶体管high-gain 高增益boost-buck 升压去磁

feedback system 反馈系统reactive power 无功功率feedback loop 反馈回路

automatic Voltage regulator(AVR)自动电压调整器

reference Voltage 基准电压magnetic amplifier 磁放大器amplidyne 微场扩流发电机self-exciting 自励的limiter 限幅器

manual control 手动控制block diagram 方框图linear zone 线性区

potential transformer 电压互感器stabilization network 稳定网络stabilizer 稳定器

air-gap flux 气隙磁通saturation effect 饱和效应saturation curve 饱和曲线flux linkage 磁链per unit value 标么值shunt field 并励磁场magnetic circuit 磁路

load-saturation curve 负载饱和曲线air-gap line 气隙磁化线

polyphase rectifier 多相整流器circuit components 电路元件

circuit parameters 电路参数electrical device 电气设备electric energy 电能primary cell 原生电池

energy converter 电能转换器conductor 导体

heating appliance 电热器direct-current 直流

time invariant 时不变的self-inductor 自感mutual-inductor 互感the dielectric 电介质storage battery 蓄电池

e.m.f = electromotive fore 电动势unidirectional current 单方向性电流circuit diagram 电路图

load characteristic 负载特性terminal voltage 端电压

external characteristic 外特性conductance 电导volt-ampere characteristics 伏安特性carbon-filament lamp 碳丝灯泡ideal source 理想电源internal resistance 内阻

active(passive)circuit elements 有（无）源电路元件

leakage current 漏电流circuit branch 支路

P.D.= potential drop 电压降potential distribution 电位分布

r.m.s values = root mean square values 均方根值

effective values 有效值

steady direct current 恒稳直流电

sinusoidal time function 正弦时间函数complex number 复数

Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标系modulus 模real part 实部

imaginary part 虚部

displacement current 位移电流

trigonometric transformations 瞬时值epoch angle 初相角

phase displacement 相位差signal amplifier 小信号放大器mid-frequency band 中频带

bipolar junction transistor(BJT)双极性晶体管

field effect transistor(FET)场效应管electrode 电极 电焊条polarity 极性gain 增益

isolation 隔离 分离 绝缘 隔振emitter 发射管 放射器 发射极collector 集电极base 基极

self-bias resistor 自偏置电阻triangular symbol 三角符号

phase reversal 反相

infinite voltage gain 无穷大电压增益feedback component 反馈元件differentiation 微分integration 积分下限impedance 阻抗fidelity 保真度

summing circuit 总和线路 反馈系统中的比较环节

Oscillation 振荡inverse 倒数admittance 导纳transformer 变压器turns ratio 变比 匝比ampere-turns 安匝(数)mutual flux 交互(主)磁通vector equation 向(相)量方程power frequency 工频

capacitance effect 电容效应induction machine 感应电机shunt excited 并励series excited 串励separately excited 他励self excited 自励

field winding 磁场绕组 励磁绕组speed-torque characteristic 速度转矩特性

dynamic-state operation 动态运行salient poles 凸极excited by 励磁field coils 励磁线圈

air-gap flux distribution 气隙磁通分布direct axis 直轴

armature coil 电枢线圈

rotating commutator 旋转（整流子）换向器

commutator-brush combination 换向器-电刷总线

mechanical rectifier 机械式整流器armature m.m.f.wave 电枢磁势波Geometrical position 几何位置magnetic torque 电磁转矩spatial waveform 空间波形

sinusoidal – density wave 正弦磁密度

external armature circuit 电枢外电路instantaneous electric power 瞬时电功率

instantaneous mechanical power 瞬时机械功率

effects of saturation 饱和效应reluctance 磁阻

power amplifier 功率放大器compound generator 复励发电机rheostat 变阻器

self – excitation process 自励过程commutation condition 换向状况

cumulatively compounded motor 积复励电动机

operating condition 运行状态

equivalent T – circuit T型等值电路rotor(stator)winding 转子（定子绕组）winding loss 绕组（铜）损耗prime motor 原动机

active component 有功分量reactive component 无功分量electromagnetic torque 电磁转矩

第四篇：电气工程及其自动化专业英语

induction machine 感应式电机 horseshoe magnet 马蹄形磁铁 magnetic field 磁场 eddy current 涡流 right-hand rule 右手定则 left-hand rule 左手定则 slip 转差率 induction motor 感应电动机 rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场 winding 绕组 stator 定子 rotor 转子 induced current 感生电流 time-phase 时间相位 exciting voltage 励磁电压 solt 槽 lamination 叠片 laminated core 叠片铁芯 short-circuiting ring 短路环 squirrel cage 鼠笼 rotor core 转子铁芯 cast-aluminum rotor 铸铝转子 bronze 青铜 horsepower 马力 random-wound 散绕 insulation 绝缘 ac motor 交流环电动机 end ring 端环 alloy 合金 coil winding 线圈绕组 form-wound 模绕 performance characteristic 工作特性 frequency 频率

revolutions per minute 转/分 分 motoring 电动机驱动 generating 发电 per-unit value 标么值 breakdown torque 极限转矩 breakaway force 起步阻力 overhauling 检修 wind-driven generator 风动发电机 revolutions per second 转/秒 秒 number of poles 极数 speed-torque curve 转速力矩特性曲线 plugging 反向制动 synchronous speed 同步转速 percentage 百分数 locked-rotor torque 锁定转子转矩 full-load torque 满载转矩 prime mover 原动机 inrush current 涌流 magnetizing reacance 磁化电抗 line-to-neutral 线与中性点间的 staor winding 定子绕组 leakage reactance 漏磁电抗 no-load 空载 full load 满载 多相(的 Polyphase 多相 的)iron-loss 铁损 complex impedance 复数阻抗 rotor resistance 转子电阻 leakage flux 漏磁通 locked-rotor 锁定转子 chopper circuit 斩波电路 separately excited 他励的 compounded 复励 dc motor 直流电动机 de machine 直流电机 speed regulation 速度调节 shunt 并励 series 串励 armature circuit 电枢电路 optical fiber 光纤 interoffice 局间的 wave guide 波导 波导管 bandwidth 带宽 light emitting diode 发光二极管

silica 硅石 二氧化硅 regeneration 再生 后反馈放大 再生, coaxial 共轴的 同轴的 共轴的,同轴的 high-performance 高性能的 carrier 载波 mature 成熟的 Single Side Band(SSB)单边带 coupling capacitor 结合电容 propagate 传导 传播 modulator 调制器 demodulator 解调器 line trap 限波器 shunt 分路器 Amplitude Modulation(AM 调幅 Frequency Shift Keying(FSK)移频键控 tuner 调谐器 attenuate 衰减 incident 入射的 two-way configuration 二线制 generator voltage 发电机电压 dc generator 直流发电机 polyphase rectifier 多相整流器 boost 增压 time constant 时间常数 forward transfer function 正向传递函数 error signal 误差信号 regulator 调节器 stabilizing transformer 稳定变压器 time delay 延时 direct axis transient time constant 直轴瞬变时间常数 transient response 瞬态响应 solid state 固体 buck 补偿 operational calculus 算符演算 gain 增益 pole 极点 feedback signal 反馈信号 dynamic response 动态响应 voltage control system 电压控制系统 mismatch 失配 error detector 误差检测器 excitation system 励磁系统 field current 励磁电流 transistor 晶体管high-gain 高增益 boost-buck 升压去磁 feedback system 反馈系统 reactive power 无功功率 feedback loop 反馈回路 automatic Voltage regulator(AVR)自动电压调整器 自动电压调整器 reference Voltage 基准电压 magnetic amplifier 磁放大器 amplidyne 微场扩流发电机 self-exciting 自励的 limiter 限幅器 manual control 手动控制 block diagram 方框图 linear zone 线性区 potential transformer 电压互感器 stabilization network 稳定网络 stabilizer 稳定器 air-gap flux 气隙磁通 saturation effect 饱和效应 saturation curve 饱和曲线 flux linkage 磁链 per unit value 标么值 shunt field 并励磁场 magnetic circuit 磁路 load-saturation curve 负载饱和曲线 air-gap line 气隙磁化线 polyphase rectifier 多相整流器 circuit components 电路元件 circuit parameters 电路参数 electrical device 电气设备 electric energy 电能 primary cell 原生电池 电能转换器 energy converter 电能转换器 conductor 导体 heating appliance 电热器 direct-current 直流 time invariant 时不变的 self-inductor 自感 mutual-inductor 互感 the dielectric 电介质 storage battery 蓄电池 e.m.f = electromotive force

电动势 generator 发电机 gas insulated substation GIS 气体绝缘变电站 气体绝缘变电站 turbogenerator 汽轮发电机 neutral point 中性点

hydrogenerator 水轮发电机 moving contact 动触头 hydraulic turbine 水轮机 fixed contact 静触头 steam turbine 汽轮机 arc-extinguishing chamber 灭弧室 dynamo 直流发电机 stray capacitance 杂散电容 motor 电动机 stray inductance 杂散电感 stator 定子 sphere gap 球隙 rotor 转子 bushing tap grounding wire 套管末屏接地线 power transformer 电力变压器 electrostatic voltmeter 静电电压表 variable transformer 调压变压器 ammeter 电流表 taped transformer 多级变压器 grounding capacitance 对地电容 step up(down)transformer 升(降)压变压器 voltage divider 分压器 降 压变压器 circuit breaker CB 断路器 surge impedance 波阻抗 dead tank oil circuit breaker 多油断路器 Schering bridge 西林电桥 live tank oil circuit breaker 少油断路器 Rogowski coil 罗可夫斯基线圈 vacuum circuit breaker 真空断路器 oscilloscope 示波器 sulphur hexafluoride breaker SF6 断路器 peak voltmeter 峰值电压表 峰值电压表 potential transformer PT 电压互感器 conductor 导线 current transformer CT 电流互感器 cascade transformer 串级变压器 disconnector 隔离开关 coupling capacitor 耦合电容 earthing switch 接地开关 test object 被试品 synchronous generator 同步发电机 detection impedance 检测阻抗 asynchronous machine 异步电机 substation 变电站 Insulator 绝缘子 hydro power station 水力发电站 lightning arrester 避雷器 thermal power station 火力发电站 metal oxide arrester MOA 氧化锌避雷器 nuclear power station 核电站 bus bar 母线 oil-filled power cable 充油电力电缆 overhead line 架空线 mixed divider(阻容 混合分压器 阻容)混合分压器 阻容 transmission line 传输线 XLPE cable 交链聚乙烯电缆(coaxial)cable(同轴 电缆 relay 继电器 同轴)电缆 同轴 iron core 铁芯 tuned circuit 调谐电路 winding 绕组 suspension insulator 悬式绝缘子 bushing 套管 porcelain insulator 陶瓷绝缘子 波头(尾 电阻 front(tail)resistance 波头 尾)电阻 glass insulator 玻璃绝缘子 inverter station 换流站 flash counter 雷电计数器 steel-reinforced aluminum conductor 充电(阻尼 阻尼)电阻 钢芯铝绞线 charging(damping)resistor 充电 阻尼 电阻 tank 箱体 point plane gap 针板间隙 earth(ground)wire 接地线 exciting winding 激磁绕组 grading ring 均压环 trigger electrode 触发电极 highvoltage engineering 高电压工程 glow discharge 辉光放电 highvoltage testing technology 高电压试验技术 harmonic 谐波 Power electronics 电力电子 Automatic control 自动控制 Principles of electric circuits 电路原理 Digital signal processing 数字信号处理

电气工程专业英语词汇表 2 power system 电力系统 impulse current 冲击电流 power network 电力网络 impulse flashover 冲击闪络 insulation 绝缘 inhomogenous field 不均匀场 overvoltage 过电压 insulation coordination 绝缘配合 aging 老化 internal discharge 内部放电 alternating current 交流电 lightning stroke 雷电波 AC transmission system 交流输电系统 lightning overvoltage 雷电过电压 介质)损耗角 arc discharge 电弧放电 loss angle(介质 损耗角 介质 attachment coefficient 附着系数 magnetic field 磁场 attenuation factor 衰减系数 mean free path平均自由行程 anode(cathode)阳极 阴极 mean molecular velocity平均分子速度 阳极(阴极 阴极)breakdown(电)击穿 negative ions 负离子 电 击穿 bubble breakdown 气泡击穿 non-destructive testing 非破坏性试验 cathode ray oscilloscope 阴极射线示波器 non-uniform field 不均匀场 cavity 空穴 腔 partial discharge 局部放电 空穴,腔 corona 电晕 peak reverse voltage 反向峰值电压 composite insulation 组合绝缘 photoelectric emission 光电发射 critical breakdown voltage 临界击穿电压 photon 光子 Discharge 放电 phase-to-phase voltage 线电压 Dielectric 电介质 绝缘体 polarity effect 极性效应 电介质,绝缘体 dielectric constant 介质常数 power capacitor 电力电容 dielectric loss 介质损耗

quasi-uniform field 稍不均匀场 direct current 直流电 radio interference 无线干扰 divider ratio 分压器分压比 rating of equipment 设备额定值 grounding 接地 routing testing 常规试验 electric field 电场 residual capacitance 残余电容 electrochemical deterioration 电化学腐蚀 shielding 屏蔽 electron avalanche 电子崩 short circuit testing 短路试验 electronegative gas 电负性气体 space charge 空间电荷 epoxy resin 环氧树脂 streamer breakdown 流注击穿 expulsion gap 灭弧间隙 surface breakdown 表面击穿 field strength 场强 sustained discharge 自持放电 field stress 电场力 switching overvoltage 操作过电压 field distortion 场畸变 thermal breakdown 热击穿 field gradient 场梯度 treeing 树枝放电 field emission 场致发射 uniform field 均匀场 flashover 闪络 wave front(tail)波头 尾)波头(尾 gaseous insulation 气体绝缘 withstand voltage 耐受电压 Prime mover 原动机 Power factor 功率因数 Torque 力矩 Distribution automation system 配电网自动化系统 Servomechanism 伺服系统 Automatic meter reading 自动抄表 Boiler 锅炉 Armature 电枢 Internal combustion engine 内燃机 Brush 电刷

Deenergize 断电 Commutator 换向器 Underground cable 地下电缆 Counter emf 反电势 电气工程专业英语词汇表 3 退磁,去磁 Loop system 环网系统 Demagnetization 退磁 去磁 Distribution system 配电系统 Relay panel 继电器屏 Trip circuit 跳闸电路 Tertiary winding 第三绕组 Switchboard 配电盘 开关屏 Eddy current 涡流 配电盘,开关屏 Instrument transducer 测量互感器 Copper loss 铜损 Oil-impregnated paper 油浸纸绝缘 Iron loss 铁损 Bare conductor 裸导线 Leakage flux 漏磁通 Reclosing 重合闸 Autotransformer 自耦变压器 Distribution dispatch center 配电调度中心 Zero sequence current 零序电流 Pulverizer 磨煤机 Series(shunt)compensation 串(并)联补偿 并 联补偿 汽包,炉筒 Drum 汽包 炉筒 Restriking 电弧重燃 Superheater 过热器 Automatic oscillograph 自动录波仪 Peak-load 峰荷 Tidal current 潮流 Prime grid substation 主网变电站 Trip coil 跳闸线圈 Reactive power` 无功功率 Synchronous condenser 同步调相机 Active power 有功功率 Main and transfer busbar 单母线带旁路 Shunt reactor 并联电抗器 Feeder 馈电线 Blackout 断电、停电 Skin effect 集肤效应 断电、Extra-high voltage(EHV)超高压 Potential stress 电位应力 电场强度 电位应力(电场强度 电场强度)Ultra-high voltage(UHV)特高压 Capacitor bank 电容器组 Domestic load 民用电 crusher 碎煤机 Reserve capacity 备用容量 pulverizer 磨煤机 Fossil-fired power plant 火电厂 baghouse 集尘室 Combustion turbine 燃气轮机 Stationary(moving)blade 固定 可动 叶片 固定(可动 可动)叶片 Right-of-way 线路走廊 Shaft 转轴 Rectifier 整流器 Kinetic(potential)energy 动(势)能 Inductive(Capacitive)电 势能 感的(电容的 电容的)感的 电容的 Pumped storage power station 抽水蓄能电站 Reactance(impedance)电抗 阻抗 Synchronous condenser 同步调相机 电抗(阻抗 阻抗)Reactor 电抗器 Light(boiling)-water reactor 轻(沸)水反应堆 沸 水反应堆 电抗的,无功的 Reactive 电抗的 无功的 Stator(rotor)定(转)子 Phase displacement(shift)相移 转子 Armature 电枢 Surge 冲击 过电压 Salient-pole 凸极 冲击,过电压 Retaining ring 护环 Slip ring 滑环 Carbon brush 炭刷 Arc suppression coil 消弧线圈 Short-circuit ratio 短路比 Primary(backup)relaying 主(后备 继电保护 后备)继电保护 后备 Induction 感应 Phase shifter 移相器 Autotransformer 自藕变压器 Power line carrier(PLC)电力线载波 器)电力线载波(器 Bushing 套管 Line trap 线路限波器 Turn(turn ratio)匝(匝比 变比 Uninterruptible power supply 不间断电源 匝比,变比 匝比 变比)Power factor 功率因数 Spot power price 实时电价 分时(电价 电价)Tap 分接头 Time-of-use(tariff)分时 电价

Recovery voltage 恢复电压 XLPE(Cross Linked Polyethylene)交联聚乙烯(电缆 电缆)交联聚乙烯 电缆 Arc reignition 电弧重燃 Rms(root mean square)均方根值 Operation

mechanism 操动机构 RF(radio frequency)射频 电气工程专业英语词汇表 4 Pneumatic(hydraulic)气 动(液 压)Rpm(revolution per minute)转 / 分 Nameplate 铭牌 LAN(local area network)局域网 Independent pole operation 分相操作 LED(light emitting diode)发光二极管 Malfunction 失灵 Single(dual, ring)bus 单(双,环形 母线 环形)母线 双 环形 Shield wire 避雷线 IC(integrated circuit)集成电路 Creep distance 爬电距离 FFT(fast Fourier transform)快速傅立叶变换 Silicon rubber 硅橡胶 Telemeter 遥测 Composite insulator 合成绝缘子 Load shedding 甩负荷 Converter(inverter)换流器 逆变器 Lateral 支线 换流器(逆变器 逆变器)Bus tie breaker 母联断路器 Power-flow current 工频续流 Protective relaying 继电保护 sparkover 放电 Transfer switching 倒闸操作 Silicon carbide 碳化硅 Outgoing(incoming)line 出(进)线 Zinc oxide 氧化锌 进线 相位超前(滞后 滞后)Phase Lead(lag)相位超前 滞后 Withstand test 耐压试验 Static var compensation(SVC)静止无功补偿 Dispatcher 调度员 Flexible AC transmission system(FACTS)灵活交流输电系统 Supervisory control and data acquisition(SCADA)监控与数据采集 EMC(electromagnetic compatibility)电磁兼容 ISO(international standardization organization)国际标准化组织 GIS(gas insulated substation, geographic information system)气体绝缘变电站 地理信息系统 IEC(international Electrotechnical Commission)国际电工(技术 技术)委员会 国际电工 技术 委员会 IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers)电气与电子工程师学 会(美)美 IEE(Institution of Electrical Engineers)

电气工程师学会(英 电气工程师学会 英)scale 刻度 量程 calibrate 校准 刻度,量程 rated 额定的 terminal 接线端子 保险丝,熔丝 fuse 保险丝 熔丝 humidity 湿度 resonance 谐振 共振 moisture 潮湿 湿气 谐振,共振 潮湿,湿气 analytical 解析的 operation amplifier 运算放大器 numerical 数字的 amplitude modulation(AM)调幅 frequency-domain 频域 frequency modulation(FM)调频 time-domain 时域 binary 二进制 operation amplifier 运算放大器 octal 八进制 active filter 有源滤波器 decimal 十进制 passive filter 无源滤波器 hexadecimal 十

第五篇：自动化专业英语重点

欧姆定律

Ohm’s law states that the voltage across the resistor is equal to the current through the resistor multiplied by the value of the resistance.法拉第定律

Faraday’s states that the voltage across the inductor is proportional to the rate of change with time of the current through the inductor.基尔霍夫第一定律

Kirchhoff’s first law states that the algebraic sum of the voltages around a closed loop is 0,or,in any closed loop, sum of the voltage rises must equal the sum of voltage drops.运放

The first law states that in normal op-amp circuits we may assume that the voltage difference between the input terminals is zero, that is, U+=U-.The second law states that in normal op-amp circuits both of the input currents may be assumed to be zero: I+=I-电路理论 theory of circuit

模拟电子技术analog electronics technology

数字电子技术digital electronics technology

电力电子技术power electronics technology

电磁场electromagnetic field

电机与拖动electric motor and electric drive

电力拖动自动控制系统electric drive automatic control system 自动控制理论automatic control theory

现代控制理论modern control theory

智能控制intelligent control

微机原理principle of microcomputer

计算机接口技术computer interface technology

计算机控制技术computer control technology

自动调节装置automatic regulators

过程控制系统process control system

过程检测及仪表process measurement and instrument

单片机原理与应用principle and application of single-chip computer 可编程序控制器系统programmable logical controller system 现场总线技术fieldbus technology

嵌入式系统embedded system

供电技术power supplying technology

计算机仿真computer simulation

信号分析与处理signal analyzing and processing

集散控制系统distributed control system

楼宇自动化building automation

机器人学robotics

GTOgate turn-off thyristor门极可关断晶闸管 GJTbipolar junction transistor双极结型晶体管 SCR