大学科技英语短语翻译

第一篇：大学科技英语短语翻译

1.sedimentary rocks沉积岩 2.petroleum reserves石油储备

3.internal combustion engines内燃机4.the boiling point 沸点

5.fatty substance脂肪物质 6.in minor quantities少量

7.petroleum fractions石油馏分8.inflammable vapors易燃蒸汽

9.geologic formations地质结构10.in the territory of在……领土

11.chemical change 化学变化12.petroleum seepage 油苗

13.petroleum stores 油藏14.petroleum reserves 石油储量

15.medieval times 中世纪16.Industrial Revolution 工业革命

17.fossil fuel 矿物燃料 1.employment market 就业市场2.video conferencing technology视频会议技术

3.job interview 求职面试4.nine out of ten十有八九

5.aptitude test能力测试6.recruitment method招聘方法

7.face-to-face encounter面对面接触8.personality questionnaires个性问卷调查

9.psychological test 心理测试10.customer complains 顾客投诉

11.come third from botton 倒数第三12 curriculum vitae 简历 1.multiple users 多用户2.virtual assistant虚拟助手

3.human-machine interface 人机界面4.speech synthesizer语音合成器

5.real time实时6.information retrieval信息检索

7.air flight schedule飞机飞行时刻表8.weather forecast天气预报

9.speech recognition 语音识别10.stock quotes股市行情；股票报价

11.Mandarin Chinese普通话，官话12.data dumping 数据转储 1.genetic engineering基因工程2.organic solvents有机溶剂

3.raw material原材料4.sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫

5.landfill deposit垃圾填埋6.garage sale旧物销售

7.information age信息时代8.lead compound铅化合物

9.municipal solid waste 固体生活垃圾10.eco-industrial park生态工业园 1.quantum mechanics量子力学2.general theory of relativity 广义相对论

3.physical laws 自然法则4.square of the distance 距离的平方

5.in principle原则上，基本上 6.in isolation孤立地

7.in one go一口气，一下子，一举 8.Newton’s theory of gravity牛顿的引力理论

9.partial theories 局部理论10.gravitational force 引力

11.the initial state of the universe宇宙初始状态 12.the theory of relativity 相对论

13.be（intersely）proportional to 与...成反比 1.quick fixes权宜之计2.go by the book 照章办事

3.close to the vest谨慎小心4.corporate culture企业文化

5.Old Boy network老同学人脉网6.to the point切题的（地），切中的（地）

7.social status社会地位8.sense of humor幽默感

9.put on an impressive appearance装腔作势10.pull rank on利用职权强迫命令；仗势欺人

11.be superior to 优于...12.lip service 口头上应付的话

13.sense of humor幽默感14.make sense 有道理，有意义

15.memo 备忘录

第二篇：高一英语短语、句子翻译

Part 1:

默写下列短语词组

感受痛苦/愉快/不幸梦想某事；梦想做某事

实现梦想一个有经验的老师

在……有经验/擅长于意味着做某事

打算做某事打算给（某人），打算（做什么用）表示“原打算做某事（而事实上没做）”

上学

处理事情

听演讲/看电影

处理；注意倾听；专心于；照料

清扫道路

杀出生路

让路，让步；屈服

迷路

择路而行

不管；不顾

平均而言

为……奋斗

勉强支持下去

同……搏斗

捉弄

在准备中

回顾，回忆

环顾，仔细查看

寻找，寻求

调查，研究

把……看做；旁观

检查；翻阅；把……看一遍

查阅，查寻

终究

总共，总计

自我介绍

某物被引进……

做什么

调小；拒绝

开/关

变成上交

很久以前

不仅仅

超过，不止

参加会议 上课 伺候某人，照顾某人加入摸索；谨慎行事设法到达领路；引路；示范前进关于平均降雨量高于/低于平均水平与……进行斗争挣扎着站起来寻找乐趣为……做准备尊敬，敬仰照顾，照料看；看待盼望，期待；预期，预料似乎是，看起来像留神，注意浏览；翻阅首先最重要的是，尤其是根本，究竟介绍……给某人怎样做轮流，交替调大转向；求助于（某人）使……变成不久，很快超过（相当于“over”）很；非常与其说……倒不如说……

仅仅才不超过，至多

务必；查明对……有把握

肯定地发达国家

发展中国家随着……的发展

在危险中秩序井然/混乱

贫穷退休

在困境中健康

负责在热恋中

掌权，执政在使用中

在流行中，时髦匆忙

又A制成B把…..制成……

由……构成弥补…….下定决心做某事

Part 2:

翻译下列句子：

今天天气怎么样？（用两种句式）

他是个什么样的人？他长得不是很好看，但心地善良。他喜欢什么？

我的梦想就是出国。她梦想有朝一日会出名。我将实现我的梦想。（三种表达）

这是我第一次在国外的生活经历。经验是最好的老师。

当今人们更喜欢雇佣一些有工作经验的人。

上课讲话就意味着浪费宝贵的时间。交朋友的方法有很多。

他赢得了学生的尊敬。

他靠当教师谋生。

儿童向老人表示敬意。我们必须尊重他人的意见。她在很多方面都对。

代我向令尊致意。他不顾后果的做了那件事。我把毕生献给教育事业。

这所学校的学生平均年龄是16岁。她看起来像一名普通的老师。

5和3的平均数是4.今年的降雨量接近平均水平。她的成绩高于平均分。

阅读对Tim来说是件费力的事。他与疾病斗争了许多年了。这个问题不像我们之前想的那么复杂。

她和她妈妈一样高。

无论何时被人捉弄，总让我不开心。他正在为这次考试做准备。

老师们正忙着准备考试，而学生们正在为考试做准备。

虽然我们在那里只呆了几天，但是我们玩得很愉快。

尽管男孩很小，到他懂得很多。

尽管他还是个孩子，他已经会背300多首诗了。

我很想念你们。

飞机仍然找不到。

我们幸福地生活在一起的日子一去不复返了。

首先，让我告诉你这个消息。

我们已经认识很久了。

作为引言，让我先介绍一下故事的背景。

该去哪里仍旧是个问题。我们不知道做什么。

问题是为何要去那儿。

汽车的轮子开始转动起来。他把袜子的里面翻了过来。叶子要变黄了。

向左转向西大街。

现在轮到你读了。

你不需要向他借钱。（三种表达）

需要浇花了。（两种表达）

不等我说一句话，她就走了。

我五年后才会回来。

那远非我能懂的。

杭州的美是我们无法描述的。

他不仅仅是一位老师。

我非常乐意帮助你。

我认识他超过30年了。

不止一个人反对这个建议。

与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。与其说是一幅画，不如说是一首诗。教室里仅仅只有15个学生。教室里有不超过15个学生。杰克没有他弟弟用功。杰克和他弟弟一样不用功。他们到得比我们预料的早。

他正在等一封信。

那正是我们所预料的。

我希望星期天回来。

你不下苦工，怎么能期待有进步呢？

我们希望人人尽责。我们不能期待一个人短时间内改变一辈子养成的习惯。

我以为他昨天进城去了。

我想会的。

我想知道这列火车是否去南京。他明天是否回来还不知道。问题是我们是否需要它。我们是否要另建一所学校的问题还未解决。

那完全取决于我们是否能取得他们的配合。

我不知道是否去。

请告诉我明天是否不会下雨。一见到他就请告诉他这件事情。一到家她就直奔厨房。尽力养成良好的阅读习惯。建筑者正在建设这个城市的那个部分。

许多人带着绝望而来，满怀希望而去。

我们要把她培养成一个科学家。

布是有棉花制成的。

他们已经列了一个表。

他们已经弥补了损失。

她已经下定决心要找到那个问题的答案。

你认识这个正在和我妹妹聊天的那人吗？

你看见那个正在修理的车了吗？

进口产品不一定总是比国产的好。

被称为“母亲河”的黄河像一条巨龙一样的横穿中华大地。

晚上这个时间他们一定上床睡觉了。

老师现在一定在开玩笑。

这里一定出了问题。

他可能今晚到。

钥匙一定不在房间里，以为我已经仔细找过了。

她年轻的时候一定是个优秀的女孩。

你本不应该嘲笑他的错误的。你应该早点告诉我们的。我本该上周买那本词典的。你不应该花这么多时间在读小说上。

他们本来很想昨晚看那部电影的。如果他给我他的号码了，我就可以打给他了。

你怎么敢那样和你父母说话？他说他愿意帮助我们。如果你愿意接受这个工作你可以打给我。

当我们还是孩子时候，每年夏天我们常常去游泳。

当你看到他能请你帮我带个口信给他吗？

我现在可以看电视吗？

你可以拿任何你喜欢的东西。如果你再弄出这么多噪音，你就不能和我一起去聚会了。

有关“it”的句型：

学好英语将会变得越来越重要。

通常好朋友之间都有相同的爱好。

你不去聚会真是太遗憾了。

去那里那么早没有用。我们老师认为学英语不练是没用的。

我们感到很奇怪没有人拿走钱。

总所周知，吸烟有害健康。英语正在被接受为一种全球性的语言是一个事实。

我几乎不记得我们是什么时候结婚的。

是因为他病得很重所以请假了吗？

我认为没有大量的记忆掌握一门外语是不可能的。

如果他没能按时完成工作的话，这很要紧吗？

他正是在他父亲用石头盖的房子里度过了他的童年。

据说这部小说已经被翻译成了8种语言。

该轮到你擦黑板了吧？

众所周知，月亮每一个月绕地球一周。

就是在公园里这对老夫妇向我讲述了他们的爱情故事。

尽管我们不能看见它，但空气就围绕着我们。

只有当我们看不清楚的时候，我们才意识到眼睛的重要性。

没有人认为总是打断别人说话是礼貌的。

带着极大的勇气这个男孩说出了他偷钱的事实。

当我努力寻找是什么阻止了这么多人参加这个项目的时候，对我来说这似乎有两个原因。

第三篇：科技英语阅读翻译

Before any evidence can be introduced in support of the topic at hand, the definition of invention must be established.Legally, an invention is a new, useful, and non-obvious process, machine, or product.Maurice Fabre, author of A History of Land

Transportation(1963), offered an interesting take on the automobile and its inventor.“who, for that matter ,can say who invented the automobile? Was it Cugnot with his lumbering 'fardier' of 1769? Was it Trevithick with his steam carriage of 1801, or Benz or Daimler with their first successful internal combustion gasoline engine cars of 1886?It depends what you mean by an automobile.” in the year 2001, what do we consider the automobile to be ? I invite the reader to take a minute to look out the window.I see a street lined with cars.Many of these cars possess similar shapes and sizes.In fact, some of them are the same make and model, only different colors.What does this tell us about the modern automobile? The modern automobile is not a single vehicle;it is a collection of millions of cars designed for utilization by a mass market.In fact, we could argue that the modern automobile is a giant technological system that entails a way of life.Entire economies depend on this automobile.Engineers design the components, machinists manufacture the components, assemblers assemble the components into complete systems, truck drivers deliver the assembled product, and salesmen sell the product to the masses.This brief description does not even account for the office

workers who handle logistics and maintain financial accounts, or the separate companies that mine raw materials or design and manufacture the needed machine tools.What would the economy of the United States be like without the modern automobile?

Obviously, the modern automobile and self propelled vehicle are necessarily the same.翻译：在任何证据被介绍来支持这个主题以前，必须建立发明的定义。从法律意义上来说,一项发明是一个新的、有用的创造性工艺、机器、或产品。Maurice Fabre的《陆运的历史》(1963)提供了一个有趣的汽车和其发明者。“关于那件事,谁可以说是谁发明了汽车吗?是1769年笨拙的柯诺特吗? 这是1801年特里维西克他的蒸汽运输车,或奔驰或戴姆勒的首次成功或1886年克莱斯勒的内部燃烧汽油引擎的汽车吗?那要看你怎么说一辆汽车。“在2001年,我们认为什么是汽车呢?我请读者花一分钟的时间往窗外看。我看到了街两旁的汽车。这些汽车具有相似的形状和大小。事实上,他们中的一些是相同的厂牌和型号,只是不同的颜色。这个是在告诉我们什么是关于现代的汽车吗?现代汽车不是单独的车辆,它是一个收集数百万辆汽车设计利用的大规模市场。事实上,我们可以认为在我们的生活方式中现代汽车是一个巨大的技术系统,整个经济依赖这种汽车。工程师设计组件,机械师制造部件,组装成完整的系统组装元件,卡车司机提供产品的组装、销售人员卖产品到群众。这一简单的描述甚至占用不了上班族们处理物流和维护金融帐户或者单独的的矿业公司开采原材料或设计和制造所需的工具的时间。如果没有现代汽车美国的经济将会怎么样呢？显然，现代汽车和自行式车辆必须是一样的。

第四篇：英语科技论文翻译

3G TECHNOLOGY Abstract The 21 century is an ages of the information economy, being the 3G TECHNOLOGY of representative technologies this ages, will be at very fast speed develop soon in continuously creatively, and will go deep into the people's work, life and study.Therefore, control this technology and then seem to be more to deliver the importance.Now I mainly introduce some knowledge of the 3G TECHNOLOGY.Keywords GPRS, TD-SCDMA，WCDMA , EDGE ,CDMA2000 , WAP , SYMBIAN G, the third Generation, known as the Chinese meaning is refers to the third Generation of digital communication.The growth of the global 3G was rapidly in recent years.From 2002 to 2008, the 3 G operators have been gradually from the original is pale and management to the accelerated development.By June 2008, global 3 G users accumulative total up to 709 million, the total 84 countries and regions issued 3 G licenses, including effective certificate for 249 copies.Our country of 3 G development is relatively later than the advanced countries.In 2009, China was officially forward 3 G time.In the economic crisis of the downturn state，China's ministry of information industry issued three third generation mobile communication(3 G)license for China mobile, China telecom and China Unicom.China Mobile use our country with independent intellectual property rights of the 3 G standard TD-SCDMA , China Telecom get CDMA2000 license and China Unicom WCDMA license.2009 as China 3 G formal first commercial.Although the technology behind 3G may seem complicated, the ways in which 3G will affect all of our lives are easy to imagine.Just imagine having a combined camera, video-camera, computer, stereo, and radio included in your mobile phone.Rich-media information and entertainment will be at your fingertips whenever you want anywhere there is a wireless network.Mobile communication is moving from simple voice to rich media, where we use more of our senses to intensify our experiences.But not all of this will happen at once.3G is an evolution to a communications ideal that no one completely understands yet.What we do know is that mobile multimedia will hit the Japanese markets in 2001, and Europe and North America will follow soon after.3G brings together high-speed radio access and IP-based services into one, powerful environment.The step towards IP is vital.IP is packet-based, which in simple terms, means users can be “on line” at all times, but without having to pay until we actually send or receive data.The connectionless nature of IP also makes access a lot faster: file downloads can take a few seconds and we can be connected to our corporate network with a single click.3G introduces wideband radio communications, with access speeds of up to 2Mbit/s.Compared with today's mobile networks, 3G will significantly boost network capacityAt home 3G is going to affect our home and social lives in many ways.The services that 3G enables will help us to manage our personal information, simplify tasks such as grocery shopping, make better use of our time and offer services that are just fun to use.Operators will be able to develop myriad new service opportunities to attract and retain new customers.Here are some examples:

· You're sitting on a train and use this “dead” time to log on to your bank account, check your balance and pay a few billsAt work

3G will not just support the needs of businesspeople who travel a lot, but will also help new, flexible working practices, such as home-working and remote access to corporate networks outside traditional working hours.Businesspeople are often high-volume airtime users, so they represent a big opportunity for mobile operators.Here are some examples:

·

At work you receive a message from your “smart” refrigerator at home.The message tells you that certain items need restocking and an order has already been prepared for the local grocery store, which you can approve, so that your groceries are ready to collect on the way home.·

You are on the road, and urgently need to discuss a draft presentation with a number of colleagues back in the office.Pulling into a service station, you use your 3G device to hold a telephone conference with your colleagues and, at the same time, you can all view the draft presentation and make changes on line.·

A maintenance engineer is repairing some equipment on a client's premises and hits a problem.Using his 3G device, he contacts his department and downloads a demonstration video that guides him through the repair process.TECHNOLOGY 3G brings together two powerful forces: wideband radio communications and IP-based services.Together, these lay the groundwork for advanced Mobile Internet services, including personalized portals, “infotainment”, mobile commerce and unified messaging-encompassing high-speed data, superior quality voice and video and location-based services.Making 3G a reality depends on technology developments in different areas.These include

amendments to the radio interface to support wideband communications and in the core network.Supporting technologies, such as WAP and Bluetooth, also have an important role to play.This section provides a brief overview of some of the main technologies and developments involved.Ericsson supports all of these technologies and has played an active role in their development.·GPRS General Packet Radio Service(GPRS)is an enhancement to existing GSM and TDMA networks that introduces packet data transmission, enabling “always on” mobility.This means that users can choose to be permanently logged on to e-mail, Internet access and other services, but do not have to pay for these services unless sending or receiving information.When EDGE is added to GPRS, these data rates will increase up to 384kbit/s.GPRS will be implemented by adding new packet data nodes and upgrading existing nodes to provide a routing path for packet data between the mobile terminal and a gateway node.The gateway node will provide interworking with external packet data networks for access to the Internet and intranets.Benefits:

·Faster data speeds and “always on” mobility ·Almost instantaneous connection set-up

·Connection to an abundance of data sources around the world, through support for multiple protocols, including IP

·A step towards full 3G services.·TD-SCDMA All called Time Division-Synchronous CDMA , this standard is formulated by mainland China alone the 3 G standard.On June 29, 1999, the China telecom science and technology and telecommunications research institute(Datang Telecom)to the ITU, but technical invention father put forward in Siemens AG.TD-SCDMA has the characteristics of low radiation, known as the green 3 G.This standard will intelligent wireless, synchronous CDMA and software radio today the international leading technology into which, in spectrum use efficiency, the business support for flexibility, frequency flexibility and cost, and other aspects of the unique advantages.In addition, because of the huge market in China, the standard by the major telecommunications equipment manufacturer to the attention of the world, more than half of the equipment factory now announced that can support TD-SCDMA standards.This standard is made after 2.5 of the intermediate links, and the generation of directly to the 3 G transition, so it is suitable to GSM system to 3 G to upgrade.Military communication network is the core of TD-SCDMA task.·WCDMA

Wideband Code Division Multiple Access(WCDMA)is a wideband radio technique that provides far higher data rates than other radio techniques available today, up to 2Mbit/s, and highly efficient use of radio spectrum.The higher bandwidth that WCDMA provides will deliver the full potential of 3G.For example，WCDMA allows simultaneous access to several voice, video and data services at once.WCDMA is fully compliant with IMT-2000 and is the air interface technology for standards in the 2GHz bandwidth(the IMT-2000 core band), known as UMTS(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System)in Europe and ARIB(Association of Radio Industry Businesses)in Japan.Ericsson has been at the forefront of WCDMA development.The company delivered an experimental WCDMA system to NTT DoCoMo in Japan back in 1998.Ericsson has also set up WCDMA test systems around the world.At 2000, Ericsson announced its first family of WCDMA base stations.·EDGE

Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution(EDGE)enables GSM and TDMA operators to offer 3G services using existing network frequencies.By making changes and additions to standardization of evolutionary phases of the air interface and the backbone networks, as well as the migration to ALL-IP and multimedia networks.·CDMA2000 CDMA2000 is a decidedly efficient 3G standard for the delivery of high bandwidth data and high capacity voice services.The evolution of the cdma2000 standard will enable mobile systems to offer data throughputs of 2 Mbit/sec and beyond.The higher bandwidth that cdma2000 provides will deliver the full potential of 3G.For example, cdma2000 also allows simultaneous access to several voice, video and data services at once.CDMA2000 is fully compliant with IMT-2000 requirements for 3G.CDMA2000 will be implemented in the existing frequency bands of CMDA and TDMA at 800 and 1900 MHz, as well as in new spectrum at 2GHz in Japan.Ericsson is a leader in cdma2000 development, and a key driver in the standardization of evolutionary phases of the air interface and the backbone networks, as well as the migration to ALL-IP and multimedia networks.·Bluetooth

Bluetooth is an open standard for two-way, short-wave radio communications between different devices.It marks the end of cables and cords between mobile phones, palmtops, portable PCs and printers, for example.Furthermore, Bluetooth enables information between such devices to be synchronized.Diary information held on a PDA can be updated automatically when within range of a Bluetooth-enabled PC.Bluetooth is also going to be important for machine-to-machine communicationshundreds of companies are members of the worldwide WAP Forum。The latest version of the WAP standard, WAP 1.2.1, has recently been launched.Our dedicated WAP consutants are ready to assist operators and service providers sharpen their competitive edge.They help today's businesses adapt to the new economy and create cost-effective, innovative ways to communicate with customers.What will 3G give us

People will enjoy the 3G time what services it provide, the image of that, 3G is video conference on that plane;3G is patients receive timely assistance of medical experts;3G is fans will not miss the NBA basketball game;3G is to share with friends your beautiful vacation in Hawaii.· more and more 3G video phone

All along, we use QQ, MSN chat with friends remotely.As the mobile data transfer rate, image processing, transmission, mainly the acceptance of such display devices makes mobile video chat stranded.3G time to rely on high-speed 3G data transmission network, which 3G mobile phone users can “face to face” conversation.Through mobile video, As far away from the mother via cell phone together, were falling through the mobile phone lovers can meet again.·3G Push into the mobile phone shopping blowout Use the mobile internet shopping is a new way to shop, mobile shopping not only will be able to let consumer buy goods but also makes the satisfaction convenient for consumers to pick and choose goods compared with the constant.With the improvement of China's 3G network , more and more users will choose to phone shopping patterns.China's mobile phone shop will grow rapidly in a period.Online businesses not only include clothing, books, cell phones, toys, audio-visual products and other daily goods put on the network shelf, cars, laptop computers, jewelry and other luxury goods are also options for the list.One need only log out of 3G mobile phone shopping website of product information, we can buy our favorite items.Online shopping is not only cheaper than the mall , better able to send home delivery.If not satisfied can return on schedule, on-line business integrity committed to ensuring that the consumer's shopping safety.·Broadband Internet access to mobile phones to be a “small computer” Although China has just begun the road to 3G, broadband internet access business has been a bright spot, we can send and receive voice messages on the phone, write a blog, chat, search, download and so on, as well as top-notch services such as online games, mobile navigation, online chat and so on.·the key to the Mobile Office-OA system Although compared with traditional office, automation system greatly improves the working efficiency.However, the limitations of the region's OA system is limited to local area network applications, this office brings to enterprises a lot of inconvenience.Mobile office can keep in touch with units and complete work in anytime and at anywhere.3G mobile phones can download and install office, java and other office software, office software and hardware will be the traditional “compression” in the palm of a large mobile phone.·LCD TVs will be included in Mobile TV Mobile TV is to use with the operating system and streaming video-enabled smart phones to watch TV business.It is a multimedia that use CMMB technology, whether it is GPRS mobile phone or CD-MA1X phone, need to be equipped with mobile terminal operating system to install the appropriate player software.TV programs from the corresponding mobile communication company or by the corresponding SP to organize and deliver.Despite the development of a thriving scene 3G, but because mobile streaming media software, smooth video images and other technical aspects of picture quality there are some problems, Mobile TV strides also takes some time.3G技术

摘要：

21世纪是信息经济的时代，作为这个时代的代表技术，3G技术将在非常快的速度发展很快，不断创造性地将进入人们的工作，学习和生活中深。因此，控制这种技术，然后似乎更有重要性。现在，我主要介绍一些3G技术的知识。

关键字：探地雷达，TD-SCDMA，WCDMA，边缘，CDMA2000，桅索制动器，操作系统使用的手机设备

3G，全称为3rd Generation，中文含义就是指第三代数字通信。全球3G近年来快速成长，从2002年到2008年，全球3G运营商已经逐步从最初的惨淡经营转为现在的加速发展，截止2008年6月，全球3G用户累计已达到7.09亿，全球共有84个国家和地区发放了3G许可证，其中有效证为249张。

我国3G发展相对先进国家比较晚，2009年我国才正式迈进3G时代，在经济危机低迷的状态下，2009年1月7日，中国工业和信息化部为中国移动、中国电信和中国联通发放3张第三代移动通信（3G）牌照。中国移动使用我国具有自主知识产权的3G标准TD-SCDMA，中国电信获得CDMA2000牌照，中国联通获得WCDMA牌照。2009年成为中国3G正式商用年。

虽然在 3 G 后面的技术可能很复杂, 但是3 G 将会在我们生活中产生的影响是我们可以想象的。仅仅想像在你的行动电话中加入照相机、摄像机、计算机、音响以及收音机功能。这样，无论何时何地你都将能够通过无线网络获得大量的媒体信息和娱乐。

移动通信正在由单一的语音通信向多媒体方向发展,通过此途径来加深我们对外界的感觉。

但不是这全部都将立刻发生。至今为止没有一个人能够完全掌握3G的发展的进程。我们唯一确信的是2001年多媒体移动通信将冲击日本市场，而且欧洲和北美也将很快发展多媒体通信市场。

3G在带来高速的语音通路之外还集以IP为基础的服务为一身,有强大的发展环境。向IP方向发展是至关重要的。IP技术是以简单的数据包传输为基础的, 可以使用户同时上网，但是不必花钱除了我们发送或接收数据。IP 的自然无连接性可以大大提高存取速率: 文件下载只需要很短的时间，而且只需轻轻一点就能和网络连接上。

3G采用多频率通信技术,并且达到 2 Mbit/s 的通路速度。与现在的移动网络相比较,3G将会极大的提高网络容量-因此将能够支持更多的使用者, 同时能够提供更多复杂的服务。3 GSynchronous CDMA(时分同步CDMA)，该标准是由中国大陆独自制定的3G标准，1999年6月29日，中国原邮电部电信科学技术研究院（大唐电信）向ITU提出，但技术发明始祖于西门子公司，TD-SCDMA具有辐射低的特点，被誉为绿色3G。该标准将智能无线、同步CDMA和软件无线电等当今国际领先技术融于其中，在频谱利用率、对业务支持具有灵活性、频率灵活性及成本等方面的独特优势。另外，由于中国内的庞大的市场，该标准受到各大主要电信设备厂商的重视，全球一半以上的设备厂商都宣布可以支持TD—SCDMA标准。该标准提出不经过2.5代的中间环节，直接向3G过渡，非常适用于GSM系统向3G升级。军用通信网也是TD-SCDMA的核心任务。· WCDMA

宽带码分多址接入技术(WCDMA)提供的数据传送速率远远大于现在我们采用的通信方式,提供高达2Mbit/s的传输速率, 大大提高了光纤对语音信号的传输率。3G提供更宽的带宽是3G中存在的巨 大的潜能。例如，WCDMA能够使语音信号、视频信号和数据同时进行传输。

WCDMA完全遵照了IMT-2000提出的2GHz带宽标准(IMT-2000中心带宽),就像是在欧洲采用的UMTS(全球的移动传输系统)和日本采用的ARIB(语音信号工业标准联盟)。

爱立信在WCDMA的研发方面走在了前列。公司早在1988年就在日本为移动通信网络开始了WCDMA的实验活动。爱立信已经在全球建立了WCDMA的测试系统。在2000年，爱立信

宣布了他建立了WCDMA的基站。·EDGE 全球革命性的提高传输速率将是原来的GSM和TSMA运营商利用现有的设备提供3G服务。通过制定新的通信附加标准来对无线通信和网络中枢进化标准化,同时改革所有的IP业务和多媒体网络。· cdma2000 cdma2000对于提高宽带传输速率和递送高质量的语音服务无疑是3G标准最有效率的。cdma2000标准的发展将会使移动通信系统能够提供2Mbit/sec的数据传输率甚至超过这个标准。cdma2000提供的带宽向我们展示了3G的潜能。举例来说，cdma2000允许同时的传输多组声音图像数据。

cdma2000完全融合了IMT-2000标准，并且满足了3G的标准。cdma2000可以通过现有的CMDA和TDMA在800到1900 MHz的频段上实现,就像日本在2GHz的光谱中实现。

爱立信是cdma2000研发的先行者,它制定了对无线通信和网络中枢进行改革的新标准,同时也提出了对IP和多媒体网络进行改革的意见。· 蓝牙

蓝牙是在不同的装置之间进行双通道短波传输的公开标准。举例来说,它的出现标志着通过电缆进行移动通信连接掌上电脑或笔记本电脑的时代已经过去。此外，蓝牙能够说数据传输同步化。存储在智能数字助理上的日程表可以在个人计算机中蓝牙能够达到范围里面自动更新。蓝牙将成为通信领域中用于不同设备之间传输数据最重要的手段，同时它也将成为发展最快的发展领域。

蓝牙技术是终端和其他设备使用移动通信网络的关键。蓝牙即可应用到现在的2G网络也可以支持3G系统,它将会在未来的移动通信中占据越来越重要的地位。爱立信已经研制出了蓝牙装置,包括T36蓝牙手机和蓝牙掌上设备。

蓝牙是由爱立信公司首先研制的,但现在蓝牙主要是由一个特殊的世界组织来主管。此技术已在所有电信器械生产商、计算机制造商以及芯片制造商中普及。· Symbian Symbian是一个被包括爱立信，诺基亚，摩托罗拉和 Psion公司共同投资的项目。Symbian的目标是通过以下两种方式提高其在移动通信市场的份额: · 第一, 通过发展软件的核心，优化系统结构，进一步的研发手机通信设备工具(例如个人数传助手，小巧的手机和通信器材)。

· 第二,制定移动设备传输信息的标准。Symbian的EPOC操作系统已经研制成功，而且爱立信已经在R380中使用了EPOC操作系统。· 无线传输通讯协定

无线传输通讯协定(无线传输通讯协定)是一个全球性的协议，是通过移动设备访问英特网的公开标准。它可以使用户通过移动设备例如手机和便携设备访问整个移动网络和受据库服务商,不用用不同的设备完成这些任务。

无线传输通讯协定允许统过建立“无线传输通讯协定微型浏览器”组织电话信息的方向, 同样地网络浏览器经由英特网-个人计算机提供在线服务。典型地，无线传输通讯协定监控屏将会显示各种不同的服务或数据入口的若干超链接。

和采用无线传输通讯协定的手机一样,爱立信也已经宣布研制出一种无线传输通讯协定来服务开发者的装备(WapIDE)和无线传输通讯协定出入口/代理,用移动的网络在英特网和局域网络环境中来桥接无线传输通讯协定申请和服务。除此之外，爱立信提供应用专利, 像是爱立信本土化了英特网(ELI)给本地服务 , 提供时间和发展环境给无线传输通讯协定申请的无线传输通讯协定应用服务商。

爱立信是无线传输通讯协定论坛的四个最初成员之一。自从 1997 以后，当它成立的时候, 无线传输通讯协定论坛已经得到广泛的工业厂商的支持，他们大部分都是是世界无线传输通讯协定论坛的成员。最新版的无线传输通讯协定标准，无线传输通讯协定 1.2.1,刚刚被开发出来。

我们将尽全力来推进无线传输通讯协定，准备协助运营商和服务提供商在竞争中处与更有利的地位。这有助于我们调整现今的业务来适应新经济的发展，更有效的利用资源，用创新的方法与客户沟通。

3G能给我们带来什么

3G时代人们将会享受到他为我们提供的哪些服务呢，形象的说，3G就是飞机上的视频会议；3G就是病人接受及时救助的医学专家；3G就是篮球迷不会错过的NBA比赛；3G就是与朋友共享你在夏威夷的美好假期。· 视频手机因3G勃兴而扬帆启航

一直以来，我们通过QQ、MSN等视频聊天功能，与亲朋好友进行远程视频聊天。由于手机数据传输速率、图像处理传输、接受显示设备等达不到要求使得手机视频聊天搁浅。3G时代依靠3G网络的数据高速传输，从而3G手机用户可以“面对面”交谈。通过手机视频，相距万水千山的母子能够通过手机相聚，分别日久的恋人能够通过手机重逢。· ３Ｇ推动手机购物进入井喷期

用手机上网购物是一种新的购物方式，手机购物不仅让消费者足不出户就能买到满意商品 更使得消费者能够方便快捷的对商品进行挑选比较，随着我国3G网络的不断完善，越来越多的用户将会选择手机购物模式。我国的手机购物将会迎来一个高速增长期。

网上商家不仅将服装、图书、手机、玩具、音像制品等日常商品摆上网络货架，汽车、笔记本电脑、珠宝等高档商品也在备选之列。人们只要拿出３Ｇ手机登陆购物网站查询商品信息，就能够买到心仪的物品。网上购物价格不仅比商场便宜，更能够送货到家，如果不满意可以按期退货，网上商家诚信承诺保证了消费者的购物安全。· 宽带上网使手机成为“小电脑”

虽然中国的3G之路刚刚开始，宽带上网已是亮点业务，我们能在手机上收发语音邮件、写博客、聊天、搜索、下载等，还有拔尖业务，如网络游戏、手机导航、网上聊天等。· 手机办公—OA系统桎梏开启的钥匙

传统自动化办公系统虽然较之从前大大提高了办公效率，然而区域的局限使的 OA系统仅限于应用局域网，这给企事业单位办公带来了很多的不方便。手机办公可以随时随地与单位的信息系统保持联系，完成办公功能越来越受到人们的青睐。３Ｇ手机可以下载安装office、java等办公软件，将传统办公软硬件“压缩”在手掌大的手机上。· 手机电视将液晶电视收入囊中

手机电视是利用具有操作系统和流媒体视频功能的智能手机观看电视的业务，它是利用CMMB技术推出的便携式的移动的多媒体，不管是 GPRS手机还是CD－

MA1X手机，都需要在装有操作系统的手机终端上安装相应的播放软件，而相应的电视节目则由移动通信公司或者通过相应的SP来组织和提供。尽管３Ｇ发展一片欣欣向荣的景象，然而由于手机流媒体软件，视频影像的流畅、画面质量等技术方面存有问题，手机电视大踏步前进还需要时日。

河南科技学院

信息工程082班

零三七八作品

第五篇：大学英语6级作文短语

食品安全问题On the Food Security

Over the past couple of years, several cases of the food scandal have been disclosed on various media.The problem of food security has become a hot button across society.The prevalence of food insecurity has greatly impacted public health, which the government could not afford to ignore, according to the online edition of the People Daily.There are a couple of driving forces, I would argue, behind this undesirable tide.First, in the course of the rapid economic evolution, we ignore moral education, giving rise to the rising rate of the problem.More importantly, the lack of adequate regulation and punishment on those illegal producers enforces the trend.As Confucius instructed, it is better late than never.Prompt and strict measures should be taken to turn back this evil trend.The government should launch a massive moral campaign to educate all citizens and draw up tougher laws to crack down on those irresponsible corporations and prohibit them from entering the food industry again.I am firmly convinced that through our combined efforts we are bound to enjoy more risk-free foods in the days ahead.1、越来越： be increasingly + adj;be on the rise,the growing number of, sth is gaining great popularity.（强化版）

一次性塑料袋使用越来越多：

① There is a growing number of the disposable plastic bags.② The recreational activities is gaining great popularity among the college undergraduates

2、人们认为： Some people believe, claim, agree, claim, maintain, argue, hold, suggest, consider

it is believed/held/agreed/claimed by some people that（加强版）

Some push the view that / maintain the view that/ create a solid statement that

娱乐活动可能是人们受益：

① It is widely claimed that recreational activities are of great benefit to people.② Some people create a solid statement that disposable plastic bags are nearly impossible to break down and thus pose various environmental problems.3、许多、很多： many, different, various, numerous, abundant,a(great)number of, a great/rich variety of, various kinds of,（强化版）

娱乐活动多种多样

① A rich variety of recreational activities has emerged in this ever-changing society.4、引起人们注意：claim, call, attract, general/public/world attention to sth.Bring to the public attention the fact that(四六真题版)我们要让群众认识到一次性塑料袋的危害

① We college students should bring the public attention the fact that disposable plastic bags are not only non-recyclable products but also detrimental to the environment.5、发挥/起到重要作用：important→ essential, crucial, vital, significant, fundamental

play an(important/active/great)role/part in（高频版）Sth is of great/utmost importance to,(四六真题版)It is of great importance/significance for sb.to do sth.大学生的心理健康十分重要

Mental health is of great importance to the college students.6.只有……才能…… Only by…can sb hope to do sth.Only by doing sth…can sb hope to do sth.只有通过这样的措施，我们才有希望减少校园浪费。

Only by this way, can we hope to reduce the waste on campus.7.是到了……的时候 It is high time that +过去时态 是到了全中国人意识到盗版危害的时候。

It is high time that all the Chinese people realized the harm of piracy.8.虽然但是 although/but

despite the fact that/in spite of the fact that（加强版）regardless of sth.虽然双休日给我们带来了方便，它同样也引起了很多问题。

Despite the fact that the two-day weekend brings convenience to us, it also gives rise to many problems.9.因为所以 because/so/since

due to/owing to/thanks to/because of（加强版）lead to/be attributed to/（加强版）

人们很喜欢用一次性产品，因为它们便宜又方便 People like to use disposable products because of their convenience and low price.10.不仅而且 Not only…but also Not only +倒装…but also

一次性塑料袋不仅破坏了我们的环境，而且影响了我们的健康。

Disposable plastic bags not only damage our environment but also affect our health.Not only do disposable plastic bags damage our environment, but they also affect our health.