99-2014年倒装句高考题及补充练习

第一篇：99-2014年倒装句高考题及补充练习

1999-2014年高考题倒装专项汇编

2014年

（2014大纲卷）26._____ the nurses want a pay increase, they want reduced hours as well.A.Not do onlyB.Do not onlyC.Only not doD.Not only do

（2014福建卷）32.no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A.Were thereB.Had there beenC.If there areD.If there have been（2014湖南卷）29.Only when you can find peace in your heart _____good relationships with others.A.will you keepB.you will keepC.you kept D.did you keep

（2014陕西卷）17.No sooner ________ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous

applause.A.had Mo YanB.Mo Yan hadC.has Mo YanD.Mo Yan has

（2014天津卷）15.________ the morning train, he would not have been late for the meeting.A.Did he catchB.should be catchC.has he caughtD.Had he caught

Key:DAAAD

2013年

【2013新课标II卷】12.Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percentproperly in this hospital.A.can be the patients B.can the patients be treated C.the patients can be treatedD.treated can be the patients

【2013江西】25.Only when he apologizes for his rudeness ____to him again.A.I will speakB.will I speakC.do I speakD.I speak

【2013辽宁】26.At no time______ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.A.they actually broke B.do they actually break C.did they actually breakD.they had actually broken

【2013福建】34.Not until he went through real hardship _____ the love we have for our families is important.A.had he realizedB.did he realizeC.he realizedD.he had realized

【2013湖南】35.Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.A.occurred itB.it did occurC.it occurredD.did it occur

【2013江苏】27.“Never for a second ,”the boy says, “_______that my father would come to my rescue.”

A.I doubtedB.do I doubtC.I have doubtedD.did I doubt

Key：BBCBDD

2012 年

【2012重庆】33.The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor ______it a thought.A.does he even giveB.he even givesC.will he even giveD.he will even give

【2012天津】6.Only after Mary read her composition the second time ____ the spelling mistake.A.did she noticeB.she noticedC.does she noticeD.she has noticed

【2012江西】32.Never before _____ seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert.A.had sheB.she hadC.has sheD.she has

【2012辽宁】32.Not until he retired from teaching three years ago ____ having a holiday abroad.A.he had consideredB.had he consideredC.he consideredD.did he consider

【2012四川】5.This is not my story, nor ______ the whole story.My story plays out differently.A.is there

B.there isC.is itD.it is

Key： CACDC

2011年

1.2011·全国新课标卷28Only when he reached the tea-houseit was the same place he’d been in last year.A.he realizedB.he did realizeC.realized heD.did he realize2.2011·湖南卷32 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _______a decision.A.they reachedB.did theyreachC.they reachD.do they reach

Key：DB

2010年

（10江西）33 Not until he left his home ______ to know how important the family was for him.A did he beginB had he begunC he beganD he had begun

（10四川）9．We laugh at jokes，but seldomabout how they work．

A．we thinkB．think weC．we do thinkD．do we think

（10江苏）33.—Is everyone here?

—Not yet……Look , there_______ the rest of our guests!A.comeB.comes C.is comingD.are coming（重庆）33.At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China.A.lies Chongqing B.Chongqing lies C.does lie Chongqing D.does Chongqing lie

（10湖北）71.Only if people of all the countries are united ________（我们才能解决）the existing problems in the world.(solve)

Key：ADA can we solve/will we be able to solve

年

1.(09福建25)For a moment nothing happened.Then _____ all shouting together.A.voices had comeB.came voicesC.voices would comeD.did voices come

2.(09海南31)The computer was used in teaching.As a result, not only _________, but students became

more interested in the lessons.A.saved was teachers’ energyB.was teachers’ energy saved

C.teachers’ energy was savedD.was saved teachers’ energy

3.(09山东27)So sudden ________that the enemy had no time to escape.A.did the attackB.the attack didC.was the attackD.the attack was

4.(09陕西18)Little ________ about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.A.did Rose careB.Rose did careC.Rose does careD.does Rose care

5.(09四川16)Not until I came home last night ________ to bed.A.Mum did goB.did Mum goC.went MumD.Mum went

Key：BBCAB

99-08年

1.So much of interest ______________that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all． 08上海A．offers BeijingB．Beijing offersC．does Beijing offer D．Beijing does offer

2.Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and _______________． 08辽宁

A．I was neitherB．neither was IC．I was eitherD．either was I

3.______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.08江苏

A.only if;will youB.Only if;you willC.Unless;will youD.Unless;you will

4.Seldom____________ video games ever since they entered college.08湖北

A.they have playedB.they playedC.have they playedD.they have played

5.It was announced that only when the fire was under control ___ to return to their homes.08江西

A.the residents would be permittedB.had the residents been permitted

C.would the residents be permittedD.the residents had been permitted

6.Only when I left my parents for Italy _______________how much I loved them． 08重庆

A．I realizedB．I had realizedC．had I realizedD．did I realize

7.Not until the motorbike looked almost newrepairing and cleaning it.08陕西

A.he stoppedB.did he stopC.stopped heD.he did stop

8.If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party_________.07全国2

A.he will eitherB.neither will heC.he neither willD.either he will

9.---How was the televised debate last night?---Super!Rarely ______ so much media attention.07上海A.a debate attractedB.did a debate attract C.a debate did attractD.attracted a debate

10.I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom _____ so lonely as now.07辽宁

A.have I feltB.I had feltC.I have feltD.Had I felt

11.－My room gets very cold at night.－_________.07江苏

A.So is mineB.So mine isC.So does mineD.So mine does

12.Little __________ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.07安徽A.he realizedB.be didn’t realize C.didn’t he realizeD.did he realize

13.________ that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.07陕西

A.So successful her business wasB.So successful was her business

C.So her business was successfulD.So was her successful business

14.—Did Linda see the traffic accident?—No, no sooner _____than it happened.06天津

A.had she goneB.she had goneC.has she goneD.she has gone

15.Just in front of our house ___ with a history of 1,000 years.06上海

A.does a tall tree stand B.stands a tall tree C.a tall tree is standingD.a tall tree stands

16.---It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?----Yes.________yesterday.06福建

A.So was itB.So it wasC.So it isD.So is it

17.So difficultit to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.06广东

A.I did findB.did I findC.I have foundD.have I found

18.——I reminded you not to forget the appointment.——.06江西

A.So you didB.So I do notC.So did youD.So do I

19.Never in my wildest dreamsthese people are living in such poor conditions． 06安徽

A．I could imagineB．could I imagineC．I couldn’t imagineD．couldn’t I imagine

20.At the foot of the mountain _______.06四川

A.a village lieB.lies a villageC.does a village lieD.lying a village

21.I’ve tried very hard to improve my English.But by no means _____with my progress.06重庆

A.the teacher is not satisfiedB.is the teacher not satisfied

C.the teacher is satisfiedD.is the teacher satisfied

22.Only then___________ how much damage had been caused.06陕西

A.she realizedB.she had realizedC.had she realizedD.did she realize

23.Mary never does any reading in the evening, _________.05全国2

A．so does JohnB．John does tooC．John doesn’t tooD．nor does John

24.They have a good knowledge of English but little _______they know about German.05天津

A.haveB.didC.hadD.do

25.Never before _______in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.05上海

A.has this city beenB.this city has beenC.was this cityD.this city was

26.—Well.I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast.—_____________.06辽宁A．So it is B．So is itC．So does itD．So it does

27.In the dark forests ________, some large enough to hold several English towns.05辽宁

A．stand many lakes B．lie many lakesC．many lakes lieD．many lakes stand

28.______ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.05江苏

A.so curious the couple wasB.So curious were the couple

C.How curious the couple wereD.The couple was such curious

29.Only after my friend came _________05福建

A．did the computer repairB．he repaired the computer

C．was the computer repairedD．the computer was repaired

30.—Father ,you promised!—Well,_______.But it was you who didn’t keep your word first.05湖北A．so was IB．so did IC．so I wasD．so I did

31.－Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.－ ______, and so did I.05安徽

A.So she hadB.So had sheC.So she didD.So did she

32.－I would never come to this restaurant again.The food is terrible!－______.04全国1A.Nor am I

B.Neither would IC.Same with meD.So do I

33.______ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.04上海A.Not only they broughtB.Not only did they bring

C.Not only brought theyD.Not only they did bring

34.Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else______ such a beautiful palace.04辽宁A.can you find B.you could findC.you can findD.could you find

35.Of the making of good books there is no end;neither___ any end to their influence on man’s lives

A.there isＢ.there areC.is thereD.are there

36.I failed in the final examination last term and only then______ the importance of studies.04重庆A.I realizedB.I had realizedC.had I realizedD.did I realize

37.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _______with each other.03全国

A.they had quarreled B.they have quarreled C.have they quarreled D.had they quarreled

38.Only when your identity has been checked，.03上海

A.you are allowed in B.you will be allowed inC.will you allow inD.will you be allowed in

39.Only in this way________ to make improvement in the operating system.03上海春招

A.you can hopeB.you did hopeC.can you hopeD.did you hope

40.—You forgot your purse when you went out.—Good heavens，______.02上海

A.so did IB.so I didC.I did soD.I so did

41.Since you have repaired my Tv set,___ is no need for me to buy a new one.A.itB.thereC.thisD.that

42.Not only ______interested in football but _______ beginning to show an interest in it.02上海

A.the teacher himself is；all his students areB.the teacher himself is；are all his students

C.is the teacher himself；are all his studentsD.is the teacher himself；all his students are

43.So difficult______ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.01上海A.I have feltB.have I feltC.I did feelD.did I feel

44.What would have happened________, as far as the river bank? 01上海

A.Bob had walked farther B.if Bob should walk farther

C.had Bob walked fartherD.if Bob walked farther

45.Only when the war was over_______ to his hometown.01上海

A.did the young soldier returnB.the young soldier returned

C.returned the young soldierD.the young soldier did return

46.______can you expect to get a pay rise.01京皖蒙

A．With hard workB．Although work hardC．Only with hard workD．Now that he works hard

47.Not a single song______at yesterday’s party.2000年上海

A.she sangB.sang sheC.did she singD.she did sing

48.I finally got the job I dreamed about.Never in all my life ________ so happy!2000年京皖蒙

A.did I feelB.I feltC.I had feltD.had I felt

49.---It was careless of you to have left your clothes outside all night.---My God!______.99上海A.So did I B.So I didC.So were youD.So did you

50.Little___ about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.A.did Rose careB.Rose did careC.Rose does careD.does Rose care

补充练习1.If you don't go，neither ____.A.shall I B.do I C.I do D.I shall

2--Here ____!Where is Xiao Liu?

There ____.A.comes the bus，is he B.comes the bus, he is

C.the bus comes，is he D.the bus comes，he is

3.I wonder if your wife will go to the ball.If your wife _____，so _____ mine.A.does，will B.will，does C.will，would D.does，do

Key:1-10:CBACCDBBBA11-20 CDBAB ABABB21-30DDDDAABBCD

31-40CBBACDCDCB41-50 BDDCACCDBA

1-3ABA

第二篇：高中过去分词与倒装句练习

过去分词与倒装句习题精选

¤过去分词

1.The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B.C., didn’t include women until 1912.A.first playing

B.to be first played

C.first played

D.to be playing 2.What’s the language ___ in Germany?

A.speaking

B.spoken

C.be spoken

D.to speak 3.Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa.A.invited

B.to invite

C.being invited

D.had been invited 4.The computer centre, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A.open

B.opening

C.having opened D.opened

5.The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having written

B.to be written

C.being written

D.written

6.The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.A.being tied

B.having tied

C.to be tied

D.tied 7.When _____ if she would request a rise, the actress said that money was not important.A.asked

B.asking

C.having asked

D.being asked 8.Yesterday I saw in the newspaper a teaching post _____ at a school close to my home and I wanted to apply for it.A.advertises

B.advertising

C.advertised

D.to advertise 9.The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it.(全国 2002)A.begins

B.having begun

C.Beginning

D.begun 10._____ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.(上海 2002)A.Exposed

B.Having exposed

C.Being exposed

D.After being exposed

11.Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.(2002 北京春)A.are bought

B.bought C.been bought

D.buying 12.When first _____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.(2004 全国卷II)A.introducing

B.introduced

C.introduce

D.being introduced 13._____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.(湖北 2004)A.Compare

B.When comparing

C.Comparing

D.When compared

14.When _____ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”(福建 2005)A.offering

B.to offer

C.to be offered

D.offered

15._____ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.(四川 2006)A.Faced

B.Face

C.Facing

D.To face 16._____ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.(浙江 2007)A.Driven

B.Being driven

C.To drive

D.Having driven

17.The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _____ every day.(四川 2007)A.watered

B.watering

C.water

D.to water 18._____ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.(陕西 2008)A.Having shown

B.To be shown C.Having been shown

D.To show ¤倒装句

1.______ find out what had happened.A.Until he woke up did he

B.Until he woke up to

C.Not until did he wake up he D.Not until he woke up did he 2.Little ______ about his own health though he was very ill.A.he cared

B.he cares

C.does he care

D.did he care 3.Early in the day ______ the news ______ the enemy were gone.A.come, that

B.came, that

C.comes, that

D.came, what 4.Not only ______ strict with us, but also ______ for us.A.was the teacher;did he care

B.was the teacher;he cared

C.the teacher was;did he care

D.the teacher was;did he care 5.______, he knows a lot of English.A.Child as he is

B.As he is a child

C.A child as he is

D.Child though he was 6.Be quick!______.A.Here comes the bus

B.The bus here comes

C.The bus come here

D.Here the bus comes 7.If you want to go there, ______.A.so will I

B.so I will

C.I will so

D.so do I 8.In front of the farmhouse ______.A.does a small boy sit

B.did a small boy sit

C.sit a small boy

D.sat a small boy 9.Here ______.A.does he come

B.he comes

C.comes he

D.he come 10.Only ______ that.A.can a doctor do

B.a doctor can do

C.can do a doctor

D.can a doctor does 11.Not even once ______ a lie.A.has Mike told

B.Mike has told

C.had Mike told

D.Mike had told 12.Up ______ into the air.A.went the arrow

B.the arrow went

C.did the arrow go

D.does the arrow go 13.—Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?

—I don’t, ______.A.nor don’t I care

B.nor do I care

C.I don’t care neither

D.I don’t care also

14.Not until several years ago _________ how serious the pollution was.A.people did realize

B.people realize

C.didn’t people realize

D.did people realize

第三篇：倒装句

倒装句（宾语前置；状语后置；定语后置；主语后置）

（一）、宾语前置

1、否定句中代词宾语前置

这类宾语前置，要具备两个条件：一是宾语必须是代词；二是必须是否定句，由“不”、“未”、“毋”、“莫”等否定词表示。在这种情况下，代词宾语要放在动词之前和否定词之后。例如：

《硕鼠》：“三岁贯汝，莫我肯顾。”“莫我肯顾”应理解成“莫肯顾我”。

忌不自信《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》〈战国策〉

然而不王者，未之有也。《寡人之于国也》〈孟子〉

句读之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不（否）焉。（之，宾语提前的标志）《师说》

古之人不余欺也！《石钟山记》苏轼

不吾知其亦已兮，苟（只要）余情其信芳（美好）。《离骚》屈原

东望愁泣，若不自胜。《柳毅传》李朝威

见大王爱女牧羊于野，所（代词，“之人”）不忍视。《柳毅传》李朝威

是以后世无传焉，臣未之闻也。《齐桓晋文之事》〈孟子〉

保民而王，莫之能御也。《齐桓晋文之事》〈孟子〉

而良人未之知也。《齐人有一妻一妾》〈孟子〉

2、疑问句中代词宾语前置

文言文中用疑问代词“谁”、“何”、“奚”、“安”等做宾语时往往放在动词的前面。

例如：《鸿门宴》：“良问曰：„大王来何操？‟”“何操”应理解为“操何” 吾孰与徐公美？《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》〈战国策〉

以五十步笑百步，则何如？ 《寡人之于国也》〈孟子〉

彼且奚适也？ 《逍遥游》〈庄子〉

彼且恶（何）乎待哉？ 《逍遥游》〈庄子〉

沛公安在？ 《鸿门宴》〈史记〉

夫晋，何厌之有？（之，宾语提前的标志）《烛之武退秦师》〈左传〉

吾实为之，其又何尤（怨）？ 《祭十二郎文》韩愈

洞庭君安在哉？ 《柳毅传》李朝威

无情郎安在？ 《柳毅传》李朝威

3、介词宾语提前： 在现代汉语中，介词后面跟着宾语，组成介宾结构，用来修饰动词谓语。在文言文中，介词宾语往往置与介词之前，形成一种倒置的现象。例如：

《岳阳楼记》：“臆！微斯人吾谁与归？”“谁与归”应理解为“与谁归”。

一旦山陵崩，长安君何以自托于赵？ 《触龙说赵太后》〈战国策〉

不为者与不能者之形（情形）,何以异？ 《齐桓晋文之事》〈孟子〉

吾王庶几无疾病与，何以能鼓乐也？何以能田（畋）猎也？ 《庄暴见孟子》〈孟子〉 不然，籍何以至此？ 《鸿门宴》〈史记〉

余是以记之。《石钟山记》苏轼

将子无怒，秋以为期。《卫风＆#8226;氓》〈诗经〉

是以区区不能废远。《陈情表》李密

是以君子远庖厨也。《齐桓晋文之事》〈孟子〉

奚以知其然也？ 《逍遥游》〈庄子〉

4、特殊结构：用“之”、“是”将宾语提前。

前世不同教，何古之法？(效法哪一个古代)

宋何罪之有？(宋国有什么罪过？)惟命是听（成语）

惟利是图（成语）

惟马首是瞻 《冯婉贞》

惟兄嫂是依 《祭十二郎文》韩愈

惟你是问。

5、普通宾语前置

在一般性的宾语前置中，大家要注意语感。

宾语前置总结

文言文中，动词或介词的宾语，一般置于动词或介词之后，但在一定条件下，宾语会前置，其条件是：

第一、疑问句中，疑问代词作宾语，宾语前置。这类句子，介词的宾语也是前置的。如：“沛公安在？”（《史记．项羽本记》）这种类型的句子关键是作宾语的疑问代词（像：谁、何、奚、曷、胡、恶、安、焉等）。值得注意的是，介词“以”的宾语比较活跃，即使不是疑问代词，也可以前置。如：“余是以记之，以俟观人风者得焉。”（柳宗元《捕蛇者说》）其中的“是”是一般代词，但也前置了。

第二、文言否定句中，代词作宾语，宾语前置。这类句子有两点要注意，一是否定句（一般句中必须有“不”、“未”“毋”、“无”、“莫”等否定词）；二是代词作宾语。如：“时人莫之许也。”（陈寿《三国志．诸葛亮传》）正常语序应该是“时人莫许之也。”

第三、用“之”或“是”把宾语提前取动词前，以突出强调宾语。这时的“之”只是宾语前置的标志，没有什么实在意义。如：“句读之不知，惑之不解。”（韩愈《师说》）有时，还可以在前置的宾语前加上一个范围副词“唯”，构成“唯......是......”的格式。如：“唯利是图”、“唯命是从”等。

第四、介词宾语前置的情况除了第一种情况外，还有一种情况，就是方位词、时间词作宾语时，有时也前置；例如：“业文南向坐。”（《史记．项羽本记》）意思是“业文面向南坐。”

第五课时

教学内容：倒装句----定语后置；状语后置

教学目标：让学生能够判定什么是定语后置、状语后置句子，并能准确翻译出来。

教学实施过程：

（二）、定语后置：

在古汉语中将定语移置在中心词之后的现象。定语后置一般有三种情况：

1）、中心词+定语+者或中心词+之+定语+者

楚人有涉江者。（《察今》）

石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也。（《石钟山记》）

大阉之乱，缙绅而能不易其志者，四海之大，有几人欤？ 《五人墓碑记》张溥

遂率子孙荷担者三夫。《愚公移山》〈列子〉

2）、中心词+之+形容词（定语）

蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强，上食埃土，下饮黄泉，用心一也。（《劝学》）

带长铗之陆离兮，冠切云之崔嵬。（《涉江》）

四海之大，有几人欤？

3）、中心词+数量词（定语）

马之千里者，一食或尽粟一石。（《马说》）

我持白璧一双，欲献项王；玉斗一双，欲与亚父。（《鸿门宴》）

（三）、状语后置：

现代汉语中状语置于谓语之前，若置于位于之后便是补语。但在文言文中，处于补语的成分往往要以状语来理解。例如：

《鸿门宴》：“将军战河北，臣战河南。”“战河南”即“战（于）河南”，应理解为“于河南战”。《促织》：“覆之以掌”即“以掌覆之”应理解为“用手掌覆盖（蟋蟀）”。

另外，还有定语置于中心词之后，修饰名词的量词放在名词之后等特殊现象。

五亩之宅，树之以桑，五十者可以衣帛矣 《寡人之于国也》〈孟子〉

谨庠序之教，申之以孝悌之义，颁白者可以不负戴于道路也《寡人之于国也》〈孟子〉 举所佩玉抉以示之者三。《鸿门宴》〈史记〉

若亡郑而有益于君，敢以烦执事。《烛之武退秦师》〈左传〉

虽董之以严刑，振（震）之以威怒 《谏太宗十思疏》魏征

孰与君少长？——与君孰少长？ 《鸿门宴》〈史记〉

青，取之于蓝，而青于蓝。《劝学》〈荀子〉

君子博学而日参省乎己。《劝学》〈荀子〉

生乎吾前，其闻道也固先乎吾，吾从而师之。《师说》韩愈

为坛而盟，祭以尉首。《陈涉世家》〈史记〉

静女其姝，俟我于城隅。《邶风＆#8226;静女》〈诗经〉

况吾与子渔樵于江渚之上。《赤壁赋》苏轼

相与枕藉乎舟中，不知东方之既白。《赤壁赋》苏轼

柱以白壁，砌以青玉，床以珊瑚，帘以水晶。《柳毅传》李朝威

命坐于灵虚之下。《柳毅传》李朝威

第六课时

教学内容：倒装句----主语后置；固定句式

教学目标：让学生能够判定什么是主语后置；固定句式句子，并能准确翻译出来。

教学实施过程：

（四）、主语后置：

为了强调谓语，有时将谓语置于主语之前。这仅仅是因为语言表达的需要。如，“甚矣，汝之不惠（慧）！”（《愚公移山》）另外，还有定语置于中心词之后，修饰名词的量词放在名词之后等特殊现象。例如：

甚矣，汝之不惠（慧）。《愚公移山》〈列子〉

甚矣，乌纱之横，皂隶之俗哉！《虎丘记》袁宏道

快哉此风！（宋玉《风赋》）

“美哉,我少年中国。

五、固定句式

吾孰与徐公美？——孰与，与…比怎么样 《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》〈战国策〉

日食饮得无衰乎？——得无，该不会，表揣测的疑问词 《触龙说赵太后》〈战国策〉

反复自念，得无教我猎虫所耶？——得无，该不会，表揣测的疑问词《促织》蒲松龄

求，无乃尔是过与（同“欤”，语气词）——无乃…与？恐怕…吧 《季氏将伐颛臾》〈论语〉

是社稷之臣也，何以伐为？——何（以）…为，表反问的句式，为什么要…呢

《季氏将伐颛臾》〈论语〉

故不积跬步,无以致千里；不积小流,无以致江海。——无以，没有用来…的（办法）

《劝学》〈荀子〉

奚以之九万里而南为？——奚以…为，哪里用得着…呢，表反问 《逍遥游》〈庄子〉

山峦为晴雪所洗。——为…所…，表示被动关系 《谏太宗十思疏》魏征（课后题）

今日见辱问于长者。——见…于…，表被动的固定格式 《柳毅传》李朝威

“他人之心，予忖度之。”——夫子之谓也。

闻道百，以为莫己若者，我之谓也。（《庄子＆#8226;秋水》）

——…之谓也，…说的就是…《齐桓晋文之事》〈孟子〉

不亦……乎 相当于“不是……吗”

以为、以……为……意思是以为、认为、把……当作、用……做……。例如：

而陋者乃以斧斤考击而求之，自以为得其实。（《石钟山记》）

至丹以荆轲为计，始速祸焉。（《六国论》）

如……何 相当于“对……该怎么办”

唯……是 “是”无意，起宾语提前作用；“唯”表示对象的唯一性

岂……哉（乎）、独……哉意思是难道……吗例如：

赵岂敢留璧而得罪于大王乎？

王侯将相宁有种乎！（《陈涉世家》）与其……孰若……、与其……宁……可译为与其……不如（宁可）……

与其坐而待亡，孰若起而拯之。（《鸿门宴》）

与人刃我，宁自刃。（《鲁仲连传》）

与其……宁…… 相当于“与其……宁可……”

⑴“如……何”、“奈……何”、“若……何”。这是三个同义的说法。意思是“把……怎么样”、“对……怎么办”或“怎么对付(处置、安顿)……”。例如：

如太行、王屋何？(如何处理太行、王屋这两座大山呢？)

奈并累若属何？(把你们一起连累了可怎么办呢？)

虞兮虞兮奈若何？(虞啊虞啊我拿你怎么办呢？)

⑵“……孰与……”、“……何如……”。这两种说法都是询问比较的结果，用法相同。

公之视廉将军孰与秦王？(你们看廉将军和秦王相比，谁更厉害？)

吾孰与城北徐公美？(我和城北徐公相比，谁更美？)

汝意谓长安何如日远？(长安和太阳相比，哪一个离得更远？)

“孰与”、“何如”还可以用来询问利害得失，或表示抉择取舍。

救赵孰与勿救？(救赵与不救赵哪个有利？)

惟坐待亡，孰与伐之？(与其坐而待毙，哪如起而进攻他们？)

岭南梅开早，何如北地春？

与“孰与”、“何如”这种用法相同的还有“孰若”、“孰如”、“何若”等。

⑶“不亦……乎？”可译为：“不……吗？”，“难道不……吗？”

学而时习之，不亦乐乎？

有过不罪，无功受赏，虽亡，不亦可乎？

⑷“何(奚、曷)以(用)……为”“何以为”“何……为”。这是三个同义的说法，可译为“哪里用得着……呢？”、“还要……干什么呢？”

吾有车而使人不敢借，何以车为？

世方乱，安以富为？

上岸击贼，洗足入船，何用坞为？

胜自磨剑，人问曰：“何以为？”(磨剑干什么呢？)

如今人方为刀俎，我为鱼肉，何辞为？

吾英王，奚跪为？(我是英王，为什么要给你下跪呢？)⑸“何……之为”。这个格式的意思是“还算得上……”、“还谈得上什么……”、“还说什么……”。

秦不哀吾丧而伐吾同姓，秦则无礼，何施之为？(还谈得上什么恩惠呢？)

国仇未报，何以家为？

何以名为？臣夫桑下之饿人也？

⑹“得无”、“无乃”。“得无”又写作“得毋”、“得微”、“得非”等，意思是“该不会”、“莫不是”、“只怕是”、“岂不是”、“莫非”等。

得无教我猎虫所耶？

日饮食得无衰乎？

得毋有病乎？

“无乃”又写作“毋乃”、“非乃”、“不乃”，意思是“岂不是”、“莫非是”、“恐怕要”等。

求，无乃尔是过欤？(恐怕要责备你吧？)

师劳力竭，远主备之，无乃不可乎？(恐怕不可以吧？)

今君王既栖于会稽之上，然后乃求谋臣，无乃后乎？(岂不是晚了点吗？)

固定句式总结

固定格式也叫固定结构，或者凝固结构。它的语法特点就是由一些不同词性的词凝结在一起，固定成为一种句法格式，表达一种新的语法意义，世代沿用，约定俗成，经久不变。它的分类可按表达语气的种类分为四种：

第一种：表陈述语气常用的有：有以（有......用来）、无以（没有......用来）、有所（有.....的）、无所（没有......的）、比及（等到......的时候）、为......所。

第二种：表疑问语气常用的有：奈何（怎么办）、何如（怎么样）、如......休（把......怎么样）、得无......耶（大概......吧、恐怕......吧）等。

第三种：表感叹语气常用的有：何其（多么）、一何（何等、多么）、何......之（怎么......这样啊）等。

第四种：表反问语气常用的有：无乃......乎（恐怕、只怕）、不亦......乎（不是......吗）、得无......乎（难道......吗）、孰与、孰若（跟......相......）何......为（为什么......呢

第四篇：补充练习翻译

第二章答案

2.1 定语

基础练习

1）The organization has developed several techniques useful to other groups doing similar work.2）It would be the worn, fading envelope she kept for so long.3）People there like singing and dancing.4）A portly, unshaven young man in a stocking cap and dark nylon jacket emerged from the shrub by the parking pad and put his pistol between my eyes.5）Time is treated as if it were something almost real.6）It ended tax favors that had encouraged clearing of the Amazon rain forest, and agreed to a

plan to finance new forest protection projects.7）A world with human clones was suddenly within reach.8）The laboratory process that produced Dolly, an unremarkable-looking sheep, theoretically would work for humans as well.9）The few remaining working lines will be busy with the calls that naturally occur after a disaster。

10）Lacking the culturally acceptable symbols of belonging in this setting, we became, to a degree, objects, with less inherent dignity as persons.提高练习：

• 1.On this committee alone there are three women.2.Britain was the first Western power to recognize People’s China.3.The doctor did everything necessary to save the patient.4.If you’ve got a complaint, the best thing is to see the person concerned and have it out with him.5.He is the only one suitable for the job.6.He is always the first to come.7.He saw in front that haggard white-haired old man, whose eyes flashed red with fury.8.He had made a thorough study of all the dialects spoken in Scotland.9.Thousands of red, beautiful roses that blossom almost at the same time make the park the great resort of people in spring.10.A developed agricultural system with a rational distribution and all-round development of farming, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline occupations and fisheries meeting the needs of the people and of an expanding industry.2.2 状语

基础练习：

1.But with such a large population base, the country must still convert millions more to the idea of birth control if it is to reach its population targets.2.Instead of congratulations upon hearing our news, he counseled her to be really sure she was doing the right thing.3.They will spend 10 months of their lives studying abroad, far from their families.4.At the end of each semester, as long as the students pass final exams, American authorities grant a certificate.5.The youngsters frequently show their lack of practice at such things.• • • • • • •

• 6.Over time, people starve themselves of both food and air, effectively weakening and hooking their children, eventually killing themselves.7.Learn to be less hostile by changing some of your attitudes and negative thinking everyday.8.In India in the meantime, the entire education system has shifted gears to feed the appetite of the American computer industry.9.The man was a government employee living out a fantasy that he was a Scottish noble and paying for it by stealing funds from Scotland Yard.10.The first Hyde public school program opened in Bath, Maine, in September 1992.提高练习1.I met him in Beijing last year.2.I quite agree with you 3.White clouds sailed gently in the sky.4.This reaction was carried out in a vacuum yesterday.5.He had flown yesterday from Beijing where he spent his vocation after finishing the meeting he had taken part in Tianjin.6.He was born in Chaoyang District of Beijing on May 20, 1970.7.He is running fast enough.8.Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden.9.Other researchers have generated much more intense magnetic fields, but only by using explosions that literally destroyed their devices.10.There is a tourist attraction called Yao Lin which you can reach in about three hours by going southwest by tourist bus from Hangzhou.第三章答案

 3.1 倍数的表达

 基础练习

 1.His hands, four times as large, reached out slowly and held them as though they were

holding up two tiny birds. 2.Their house is about three times as big as ours. 3.The fee is typically two to four times as much as for calls made over fixed lines. 提高练习

 1This thermal power plant is four times larger than that one. 2Iron is almost three times as heavy as aluminum. 3.The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 4.Laser shooting light through glass fiber can transmit 250,000 times as much data as a

standard telephone wire.3.2 否定句

基础练习

 1.If I did agree, I certainly wouldn't look at my feet or at the ceiling. 2.Neither ever asked “Whose job is this?” or asserted “That is not my responsibility!”

 3.Like no other plague before, the AIDS epidemic threatens to wipe out an entire

generation and leave another without parents. 4.I don't think her music is so terrible. 5.You begin to notice that not everything is as good as you had originally thought it was. 6.This happens when you pretend that everything is acceptable and that nothing bothers

you. 7.People in Beijing must be thinking I was enjoying myself here in the richest country in

the world. 8.Nothing says love like a dozen long-stemmed roses on Valentine's Day. 9.Before long, people were coming to his shop for sandwiches more than for meat. 10.Instead of using early-stage embryo cells, he used cells from the udder of an adult 提高练习

 1.He is far from being honest. 2.The last thing I would do is to lie to you. 3.He doesn’t care about his position or salary. 4.I know none of you. 5.I failed to persuade（in persuading)her．

 6.He can't have finished his dinner. 7.Nobody can come in without permission. 8.He is more dead than alive. 9.There's a lot more to life than a job. 10.He is the last person I would like to vote for.

第五篇：词汇补充练习

补充练习分析题

一、语义场

1.给下列各词找到适当的上位词、下位词和四个类义词。（1）农民

（2）金属（3）阅读(4)树（5）牛 2.请给下列语义场进行归类。

（1）夏—商—周—„„元—明—清（2）星期一—星期二—„„星期天（3）南—北

（4）立春—雨水—惊蛰—„„冬至—小寒—大寒（5）美—丑

（6）老板—职员

（7）源头—上游—中游—下游—河口（8）忽然——突然——猛然（9）生—死

3.“干净”和“清洁”在什么意义上是同义词，在什么意义上不是同义词？ 4.请辨析下列各组同义词。

（1）惦记——惦念（2）侵占——侵犯（3）毛病——缺点（4）气派——气度（5）布匹——布

（6）鼓动——煽动（7）轻视——鄙视（8）灾难——灾荒（9）挂彩——负伤（10）担任——担负（11）局面——场面（12）保护——庇护

5.指出下列成语中的同义词和反义词。

家喻户晓

七上八下

你追我赶

龙飞凤舞

死去活来

弃暗投明

取长补短

无独有偶

此起彼伏

横冲直撞

博古通今

东摇西摆

苦尽甘来

新陈代谢 6.辨析下列各组成语。

（1）成群结队——三五成群（2）大张旗鼓——雷厉风行（3）当仁不让——义不容辞（4）风流云散——烟消云散

7.举例分析下列几组词在哪些义项上构成反义关系，哪些没有？（可借助词典）细——粗

厚——薄

开——关

新——老

8.请从下列每组词中找出反义词。

（1）永久

耐用

永别

短少

停止

临时（2）人格

高尚

品德

卑贱

卑鄙

贵重（3）喜好

喜欢

兴趣

满意

讨厌

悲观（4）处分

惩罚

教训

责备

奖赏

赞扬 9.下列各词是否是反义词关系？为什么？（1）天堂——遭罪（2）爱护——庇护（3）战争——光明（4）老师——学生

二、词义和语境的关系

1.改正下列各句中用的不恰当的词语。（1）你上吊，你跳河，你卖儿卖女，你冻死饿死，他都不动声色，他只管自己的腰包塞满了没有，哪管你的死活。

（2）对于投机倒把分子，我们不能采取自由主义态度，当然更不能随波逐流。（3）盖叫天系河北高阳县人，虽出身北方，却常居南方。（4）我们必需出色地完成自己的任务。

2.借助现代汉语词典，判断下列句子中的“打”各应归入哪一义项。（1）老王打一退休就在街道处担任党支部书记。（2）这个事情，不管谁来打听，我都不会说。（3）我们还没有买房子的打算。

（4）他结婚的时候，父母给他打了一套家具。

（5）咱们要千万小心，不能让他发现了，否则到时候鸡飞蛋打，你我面子上都不好看。

（6）他们兄弟两个，很会打仗。

（7）遇见了他，别忘了替我打个招呼。

（8）这次进山，没有打到什么好东西，只有这两只獐子（9）文革时，许多老知识分子，都被打成了右派。（10）他们家在门前打了一口井。

（11）我打心眼儿里瞧不上他的行为做派。（13）你每天给他打几个电话？

3.在钱钟书的《围城》中有这样一段描述鲍小姐的话“有人叫她`熟食铺子`（charcuterie），因为只有熟食店会把那许多颜色暖热的肉公开陈列；又有人叫她`真理`，因为据说`真理`是`赤裸裸的`。”这里的“熟食铺子”和“真理”都有特殊的含义，请问是什么意思？

4.归纳下面一组复合词中“厚”的意义。

忠厚、厚爱、厚此薄彼、得天独厚、厚古薄今、厚道、宽厚、优厚、深厚、敦厚、厚度、厚望、厚葬、无可厚非、厚礼、厚颜无耻、厚待、厚谊

5.根据下面句子归纳“活”的义项，并指出哪些属于活[1]，哪些属于活[2]。(1)鱼儿离开了水就无法存活。(2)这一段写得很活。(3)这孩子说话活像大人。(4)他身子不好，不能干重活。(5)活到老,学到老。(6)这批活做得好。(7)我买了一本活页笔记本。(8)侦察兵活捉了敌人的一个舌头。

(9)他还要养家活口。(10)他这样作很出活。(11)这里的水都是活水。

三、现代汉语词汇的构成

1.请鉴别下列词语，指出它们各自不同的来源。

社稷

经济

二百五

曲奇

试婚

手术

熊市

买单

炒鱿鱼

打工

金婚

王子

基因

套牢

克隆

牛市

革命

美术

阁下

公主

诊断

教授

储君

干部

龌龊

王后

纸婚

及第给力

隐婚

洞房

2.请以“啤酒”和“咖啡”为例说明外来词中“啤”和“咖”已经汉语语素化了。3.下列各词，哪些是基本词，哪些是一般词。

（1）眼睛

（2）民工

（3）鞋

（4）民国

（5）最

（6）万

（7）京剧

（8）高尔基

（9）转化

（10）天安门

4、请分析下列外来词的形成方式（10分）：

啤酒

CT

B超

民主

俱乐部

冰淇淋

足球

戈壁

苏维埃

逻辑

夹克

卡介苗

沙龙

沙文主义

MTV 苏打

卡片

5.请从下列句子中找出外来词、古语词、方言词、行业词。（1）同学聚会，我们总会打扑克。

（2）有的人长期筑底走不出盘局，无法突破自我。（3）党委书记要当好二传手。

（4）今年，学校举行的圣诞派对非常成功。（5）这家酒楼的菜味道不错。

（6）医生建议她长期服用维他命，不能吃一顿落一顿。（7）这次高考省状元是我们县有名的才子。

（8）自从那件事过后，两人见面都会觉得尴尬，渐渐地，竟不常联系了。（9）推出产品要把握市场节奏，善于打时间差。

6.下列各词本都是方言词，现在哪些可以看做是基本词？

啥

坠雨

胰皂

别扭

把戏

陌生

垃圾

名堂

橄榄

公鸡

四、熟语

1.下面所列，那些是成语、惯用语、谚语、歇后语？请加以区分。

（1）先下手为强

（2）兔子的尾巴长不了

（3）当面锣，对面鼓

（4）既来之，则安之

（5）成以萧何，败亦萧何

（6）莫须有

（7）吃大锅饭

（8）跑龙套

（9）兔子急了还咬人

（10）一枕黄粱

（11）抓辫子

（12）拦路虎

（13）旗杆上绑鸡毛

（14）翘尾巴

（15）一年之计在于春

（16）抛砖引玉

（17）吃鸭蛋

（18）王八吃了秤砣铁了心

2.改正下列成语中的错别字。

坚如盘石

遗笑大方

既往不究

相形见拙

一枕黄粱

妄费心机

怨天由人

水乳交溶

变本加利

暗然销魂

不记其数

受益非浅

明查秋毫

开源截流

心浮气燥

前仆后继

手屈一指

出类拔粹

刚腹自用

并行不背

神彩飞扬

3.广告语中常常利用改造成语的方法，如“随心所浴”（热水器）“当之无愧”（当铺广告）“一旦拥有，别无所求”（足球），你认为这样做好不好？为什么？ 4.请各举出惯用语（三字格和非三字格各几个）、歇后语（喻意、谐音各三个）的例子。

5.请从下列句子中分别找出惯用语、谚语。

（1）对于“走后门”这个问题的处理要从严，不是从宽。（2）“情人眼里出西施”，你应该觉得她最美。

（3）有些执法人员以“清官难断家务事”为由，拒绝为受害妇女开验伤单。（4）买卖谈的“八九不离十”，你也该放下这颗心了。

（5）说起来也有些难开口，可是人情归人情，公道归公道。看来我不提，你们好像忘了这回事似的。

（6）你看他那样高兴，我都不忍心泼冷水。

（7）真是来得早不如来得巧，我刚刚送走两位来访的。

（8）瘦死的骆驼比马大，他们家好歹曾是个地主，说不定还有什么好东西藏着没叫你知道。

6.列表分析下列成语的内部结构关系。

（1）审时度势（2）一衣带水（3）咄咄逼人（4）拍案叫绝（5）耳目一新（6）班门弄斧（7）众叛亲离（8）匹夫之勇（9）左顾右盼（10）狐假虎威（11）令人发指（12）别树一帜（13）不劳而获（14）发号施令（15）层出不穷（16）置之度外(17)过河拆桥（18）生龙活虎（19）梁上君子（20）侃侃而谈（21）叶公好龙（22）突飞猛进（23）忍辱负重（24）药到病除（25）虚怀若谷（26）引狼入室（27）后起之秀（28）力争上游（29）化险为夷（30）包罗万象（31）铁石心肠（32）持之以恒

五、词汇的发展变化和词汇的规范化 1.请指出下列新词的特点。

超编

创汇

笑星

突破性

程序化

自学热

信息港

短平快

时间差

太极拳

艾滋病

汉堡包

麦当劳

面的中巴

三通

超生

男士

国手

大龄

老外

2.请举出五个已经或正在退出现代汉语词汇系统的词语。3.从词义发展角度，对下面所列词语进行归类。

车

河

洗

肌肉

报复

可怜

爪牙

独裁

丈人

瓦

谷

菜

墨水

走 4在外来词借用的过程中，有时候，会发生几种形式并存的情况，比如：因特儿（音译）、internet（直接借用）、互联网（意译），镭射（音译）、激光（意译），你认为哪种办法比较好，我们在规范用语时应采纳哪种译法？ 5.请指出下列例句中的生造词。

（1）这个问题一直缠萦在他的脑间。（2）她终将成为世界游坛的巨人。（3）汗水从帽子底下淌流满脸。

（4）他怎么还没来？我都要望石秋穿了。（5）给人以无层的远思和遐想。

6.下列各句中哪些词语的运用是不规范的？（1）这个东西的长度是十一米突。（2）我今天下午要去买一包洋火。（3）生活对我来言，亦是一个考验。（4）我付思：他怎么会当上班长呢？

7.从词汇规范化角度来看，下列各组词中应当选用哪个词？（1）玉米、苞米、珍珠米、棒子

（2）名学、伦理学、因明学、逻辑学（3）托拉斯、脱拉斯、托拉司、托辣斯（4）明天、明旦、明朝（5）公鸡、雄鸡、鸡公

（6）灶前、镬灶间、灶头间、灶间、厨房（7）月、月明、月光、月亮

（8）朱古力、巧克力、巧古力、巧格力