职称英语A级成绩可用多次

第一篇：职称英语A级成绩可用多次

职称英语A级成绩可用多次？宁夏人社厅予以否认

发布时间：2013-12-13 08:44:28点击数：102

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近日，一些单位人事部门的工作人员不时接到单位同事的咨询电话：报考职称外语时，是不是考了最高等级的A级后，评审初级、中级、高级职称时都可以使用？12月12日，宁夏回族自治区人社厅相关负责人对此予以否认。

记者从宁夏人事考试中心了解到，按照2014年我区职称外语考试的要求，职称外语考试等级按不同系列、不同档次、不同地区划分为A、B、C三个等级。其中，A级的适用范围包括高教、科研、卫生、工程系列中，申报高级专业技术职务或其他系列中申报正高级专业技术职务者；申报高级国际商务师者。B级的适用范围为卫生、工程系列中在县所属单位工作的人员申报高级专业技术职务者(也可报考A级)；高教、科研、卫生、工程系列中申报中级专业技术职务者；高级专业技术职务未分正副的系列(工程系列除外)申报高级专业技术职务或其它系列中申报副高级专业技术职务者。C级的适用范围包括卫生、工程系列中在县所属单位工作的人员申报中级专业技术职务，或其它系列申报中级专业技术职务者。

自治区人社厅专业技术人员管理处负责人介绍，按照我区职称评审的相关规定，在报考时，参考人员须根据各自的系列和档次报考相应的等级。除申报第二职称、教学医院套评职称以及申报副高级职称时，职称外语考试成绩达到要求(自1995年以后参加国家职称外语考试达到A级合格标准)的，申报正高级职称需再次参加同一级别(A级)考试的，可使用两次外语成绩外，在职称外语考试中取得的任何等级的成绩只能使用一次。不过，该负责人也表示，我区将对申报职称时在职称外语方面的要求做出微调，预计明年年初调整的细则将会对外公布。

此外，按照我区明年职称外语考试的报名安排，12月13日是网上报名的最后一天，12月15日是网上缴费的最后一天，请没有报名者抓紧时间报名。(新消息报 记者 裴艳)

第二篇：2012职称英语B级押题

词汇选项（同义词）

1.It was(advisable)for an old couple to adopt an orphan, as they had no children of their own.C.sensible 2.There are several things to(take into consideration)when you are searching.-A.take into account 3.About eight at night, and already very（weary）, I came to a long house.D.exhausted 4.The revival of corporate-bond markets, if（sustained）, would be good news.-B.maintained 5.She was（strolling）as though she had no particular objective.C.sauntering 6.We're getting a（wage）increase of 40 a year, before tax.C.salary 7.The King is a（mighty）monarch but full of pride, harsh and cruel.A.forceful 8.His account is correct except that some details are（omitted）.-B.elided 9.I'll（answer for）it you shall have nothing put upon you here.-C.take the responsibility of 10.In such cases there is normally a（swift）collapse of value.A.fast 11.It seems that the two friends meet masked and（vaguely）know each other through the disguise.-B.dimly 12.We have a tight schedule for your(brief)visit.-C.short-lived 13.Some of the women in the office felt（dizzy）and screamed.-C.faint 14.No rich country has laid out a（credible）, medium-term fiscal plan-B.believable

15.If they are（unwilling）, the only way to maintain a friendship is to socialize outside their homes.-D.reluctant

词汇选项（同义词）

1.We will give every staff(space)to develop.B.room

2.He was known as a(reliable)man.A.faithful

3.He(achieved)success by working hard.B.attained

4.This book isn't(funny)at all.C.amusing

5.Idleness is the(root)of all evil.-C.cause

6.Mary decided to(take out)her bad tooth.-C.extract

7.He is a(highly)competent teacher.-B.quite

8.Can you(account for)why we lost?16.Physicians are prohibited to talk about the topic of sex selection.A.Right

17.Before the study of sex selection, data showing the demand was blank.A.Right

18.In the study 332 women wanted to choose the sex of a future child.B.Wrong

19.Every woman would like to have her next child of the opposite sex.B.Wrong

20.Now in China there are two methods of sex selection being used.C.Not mentioned 21.In vitro fertilization means pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.B.Wrong

22.The method of sperm separation is cheaper than the method of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.A.Right

概括大意和完成句子――Washoe学会了美国手语

Washoe Learned American Sign Language 23.Paragraph 1____ C.General Information about Washoe 24.Paragraph 2____ B.Report about Washoe's Progress in Learning Sign Language 25.Paragraph 3____ E.Debate on Chimps' Intelligence 26.Paragraph 4____ A.Reason Why Not Many Scientists Carry out This Research Nowadays 27.Washoe could make signs to communicate____.C.when she wanted to eat 28.Some scientists doubted____.A.if the Gardeners' argument was sound 29.Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language_____.D.while she was at research center in Ellensburg 30.The experiments thought Washoe was intelligent _____.E.becuase she could use sign language to ask for fruits 概括大意和完成句子――对别人的第一印象是怎样形成的 How We Form First Impression 23.Paragraph 2

D.Comparing Incoming Sensory Information Against Memories 24.Paragraph 3

C.Illustration of First Impression 25.Paragraph 4

B.Comment on First Impression 26.Paragraph 5

A.Ways of Departure from Immature and Simplistic Impressions

27.Sensory information is one that is received through ___.E.the sights and sounds of the world

28.You interpret ___by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain.D.the meaning of incoming sensory information

29.The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking, which is similar to ___.C.the immature form of thinking of a very young people

30.We can use our mature style of thinking thanks to ___.B.the most complex areas of our cortex

概括大意和完成句子――移动卡之间的债务可以节省您的钱

Moving Debt Between Cards Can Save You Money 23.Paragraph 2

B.Take up teaser offers 24.Paragraph 3

C.Check the small print 25.Paragraph 4

D.Keep Track of Time 26.Paragraph 5

F.Moving Around and Your Credit Rating

27.Chances are that you would get a cheaper or better card because_____.C.the credit card industry is so competitive.28.These teaser rates will save you a lot of money especially_____.A.if you switch to another card's teaser rate.29.You'll have to pay interest at the normal rate_____.B.if you miss the end of the teaser period by even a day.30.Bear in mind that the longer you move debt around for,_____.F.the fewer companies will want to send you their very best teaser rates.所属题型：阅读理解――看许久以前的世界

Seeing the World Centuries Ago

If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors as Arthur。。。more than 75,000 miles.31.This passage is mostly about____.C.where three early travel writers went and wrote about 32.Ibn Battutah traveled____.C.throughout the Muslim world 33.The books of the three writers were popular because____.B.they told of strange and exotic locales 34.The overall organization of this passage is through____.A.chronological order 35.In this passage “attest” means to____.D.give proof of 所属题型：阅读理解――“幸运的”鲁肯伯爵——是死是活

“Lucky” Lord Lucan—Alive or Dead

On 8th November 1974。。。。if it can close the book on this one.36.The public are still interested in the investigation because ____.C.Lord Lucan has never been found 37.It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because ____.C.it was dark and he thought she was Lady Lucan 38.Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself by ____.D.sinking his boat 39.Lucan could have been killed because people ____.B.thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caught 40.EX-detective MacLaughlin claimed that Mr.Barry Haplin ____.C.was really Lord Lucan in disguise 所属题型：阅读理解――讲述可怕的过去

Tales of the Terrible Past

It is not the job of。。。historical situations alive for a modern audience.41.This passage is mostly about____.D.two novels that deal with slavery 42.Beloved is set____.C.in Ohio after the Civil War

43.The writer seems to feel that____.B.the books are worthwhile but challenging 44.The writer emphasizes that the two books are similar in their____.D.portrayal of violence

45.The word “appalling” means____.A.terrible

阅读理解――撒哈拉沙漠

The Sahara

The name Sahara。。。。The round trip across the vast sands takes one month.31.This passage is mostly about____.A.life in the Sahara

32.Rainfall in most of the Sahara is____.A.less than five inches per year

33.The Sahara can be described as____.A.a place of contrasts

34.The phrase “an area roughly the size of the United States” gives an indication of the size of____.C.the Sahara

35.In this passage caravan means____.B.a group traveling together through difficult country

阅读理解――芭蕾舞的发展

The Development of Ballet

Ballet is a dance form that has。。。。1948 and to influence new generations of dancers.。

36.This passage deals mainly with____.C.the way ballet developed

37.An important influence in early ballet was____.D.Louis XIV

38.You can conclude from this passage that ballet____.B.will continue to change as new people and ideas influence it

39.The information in this passage is presented____.D.in chronological order

40.The word pageants means____.D.elaborate shows 阅读理解――《晚宴派对》

The Dinner Party

I first heard this。。。。Because it was crawling across my foot.“ 41.Which of the statements about the dining room is NOT true? C.It has limited space.42.In the discussion the major says in any crisis a man C.has that ounce more of control than a woman has.43.The American feels startled when he sees the boy place a bowl of milk on the veranda in that A.he knows there must be a cobra in the dining room.44.Instead of warnning the others, the American asks them C.not to move a muscle while he is counting.45.What does the American do when he sees the cobra emerge?

D.He jumps to slam the veranda doors safely shut.阅读理解――索非娅。罗兰

Sophia Loren 31.Sophia Loren was once nicknamed Stechetto because C.she was skinny and little.32.Her first taste of glamour gained her C.a train ticket to Rome and $35.33.In another beauty contest Sofia won A.the second place.34.Which of the following statements about Carlo Ponti is NOT true? D.He first got married in 1957.35.When did Loren and Ponti legally get married? D.In 1966 阅读理解――走私

Smuggling

It is not unusual。。。surprises us.” 36.The dog was different from others in that A.it had an unusual lump on its body.37.The smuggler uses snakes to C.transport the drugs.38.How many pounds of heroin were estimated to be smuggled into the United States in 1994? B.2,577 39.Which of the following could best replace

the expression “small fry” in the third paragraph?

C.Small smugglers

40.What is this article about?

C.Varied drug transportation methods 阅读理解――作出暂时的牺牲的爱

Making a Temporary Sacrifice of Love

For two years,。。be for the rest of our lives.41.What does Hurley's husband do？ B.He is a student.42.In tradition, what kind of husband do American women want?

C.Men with higher education.43.When making the sacrifice, those women will face the following difficulties EXCEPT that

D.others' misunderstanding.44.What does the word “breadwinner” in paragraph five mean?

A.The person who supports the family.45.What is Mike's attitude towards the future of his family in the hard days? B.Optimistic.补全短文――虚拟驾驶员

Virtual Driver

Driving involves sharp。。。should be like.46.()D.But how does an intelligent car control itself?

47.()C.This is the brain of the car.48.()E.It completes the processing of the images sent by the cameras within 100 milliseconds.49.()A.Experts say that we cannot do that just yet.50.()B.In the near future, intelligent cars will be put into commercial operation.补全短文――如何帮助孩子克服恐惧

Help the Children Conquer Fear

Many parents struggle。。particularly fears of imaginary creatures.46.()C.The study appears in the November 2009 issue of the journal Child Development.47.()A.Each story featured a child alone or with another person.48.()F.They were also asked to offer a way to help the child in the story feel less afraid.49.()D.In these situations, girls more often wanted to avoid the creature than boys.50.()B.But older children tended to suggest reminding themselves what the reality was.补全短文――远程办公

Telecommuting

Telecommuting, substituting the computer for the trip to the job,。。。。That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.46.()C.For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board by eliminating commutes.47.()E.Those local governments also believe the use of telecommuting can improve air quality.48.()A.She hooks up her telephone modern connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.49.()F.Because young children cannot recognize the necessary boundaries between work and family.50.()D.Besides workers, telecommuting management too must separate the myth from the reality.所属题型：完形填空――职业母亲

Working Mothers

Carefully conducted。。。(65)that matters.51.（）A.view

52.（）C.number

53.（）A.afford

54.（）C.necessity 55.（）B.cut 56.（）D.comes

57.（）C.across

58.（）C.In reality

59.（）B.matter

60.（）A.perfectly

61.（）C.members

62.（）D.plenty of 63.（）B.attached

64.（）D.do

65.（）A.quality

完形填空――有鸟陪伴的生活

A Life with Birds 51.（）B.better

52.（）D.top

53.（）C.From

54.（）A.for

55.（）D.offered

56.（）C.hesitation

57.（）A.aware

58.（）B.maintaining

59.（）B.make

60.（）A.devotes

61.（）D.fact

62.（）C.keep

63.（）C.At first

64.（）B.keen

65.（）B.all

完形填空――城市交通

Traffic in Our Cities

The volume of traffic(65)at an acceptable level.51.（）A.of

52.（）D.persuade

53.（）A.approach

54.（）B.increasing

55.（）D.taking away 56.（）C.breaks

57.（）D.known

58.（）B.number

59.（）A.fixed

60.（）C.dealing

61.（）A.outskirts

62.（）D.final

63.（）B.thing

64.（）C.give up

65.（）B.kept

第三篇：职称英语理工类AB级近义词组整理

decide – determine – make up one’s mind决定, 下决心

result – consequence – effect--outcome 结果

effect – realize 实现

realize--know – be aware of – be conscious of 意识到

think – guess – believe 认为

remember – memorize 记住

reason – cause--motive(B级)原因

cause – bring about 造成 obtain – get – gain 得到

certain – some 某一个的

certain – sure – positive – doubtless 确定的 employ--hire 雇佣

employ – use – utilize(A 级)--harness(A 级)使用, 利用

scare – frighten 使害怕

quickly – fast 很快地

at stake--in danger – in distress(B 级)处于危险之中

dangerous – hazardous(A 级)危险的 danger – hazard(B 级)危险

out of question – doubtless 毫无疑问的

out of the question – impossible – unlikely 不可能的

call for – ask – require – request--demand – insist on要求

call off – cancel 取消

call sb.up – telephone sb.给某人打电话

get up – arise 起床

raise – increase 增加

arrive at – reach – get to 到达

leave – depart(B级)离开

immediately – right away – at once 立刻

look for – seek for 寻找

look after – take care of – care for 照顾

look forward to – expect 盼望, 期待

look up to – respect 尊敬

lose – miss 丢失

offer – give 给与

discuss – debate – talk over 讨论

discussion – debate讨论

sympathize – feel sorry 感到同情

reject – refuse – decline – turn down 拒绝

though – although 尽管

beautiful – pretty – attractive – lovely--handsome 美丽的 famous – noted –distinguished – celebrated 著名的 dim – faint 模糊的

complete – finish – accomplish--fulfill 完成 dark – black 黑色的 darken – blacken 使变黑

adequate – enough –ample(A 级)–sufficient 充足的 mild – gentle 温柔的，温和的 strange – odd – abnormal(B级)奇怪的

surprised – astonished – shocked 感到吃惊的 surprising – astonishing – shocking 令人吃惊的 proper – appropriate 适当的 suitable – fit 适合的 fit – healthy 健康的

finally – at last – in the end – eventually – ultimately(A 级)最终的

put off – postpone – delay – defer(A级)推迟

end – finish – stop –cease--come to an end—terminated(A 级)停止

participate in – take part in – join in – be involved in 参加

now and then--occasionally 偶尔

constantly – continuously – endlessly 不断地

criticize--blame 批评

grasp – catch hold of 抓住

follow – understand – comprehend(A 级)理解

take …into consideration – take …into account 把…考虑在内

recently – lately 最近

tolerate – bear – stand – put up with – endure 忍受

abandon – give up 放弃

rescue – save 拯救

convert – change 转变，兑换

change – alter – vary – modify(B级)改变，变化

increase – add to – enhance 增加

remedy(B级)– cure – treat 治疗

practically – almost 几乎

accidentally – by chance – by accident 偶然

sometimes – from time to time – at times 有时

ready – prepared 有准备的

get ready for – get prepared for 为…做好准备

ready – willing 乐意的

rarely – hardly – seldom 很少，几乎不

usually – normally 通常地

normal – common – usual – average 通常的 suddenly – abruptly(A级)突然地

protect – preserve 保护

slight – a little 轻微的

harmful – damaging--bad 有害的 harm – damage 损害

hurt – injure 伤害

shine – polish 擦亮

deadly – killing – fatal 致命的 affect – influence – impact 影响

impartial(B级)– fair – just 公正的 extract – take out 拔出

repair – fix 修理

physician – doctor 医生

depend on – rely on – be dependent on 依靠

particularly – especially 尤其，特别

obvious – evident – clear – distinct 明显的 safe – secure 安全的

ensure – make sure – make certain 确保

pretty – very – rather – fairly 相当地

distant – remote 遥远的

important – essential – crucial 重要的 branch – division 部门

company – firm – concern – corporation – enterprise 公司

behavior – conduct 行为

steady – stable 稳定的

spare time – free time 空闲时间

accelerate(B级)– speed up – step up – pick up 加速

decrease(B级)– reduce – cut down on 减少

deficient(A级)– short 缺乏的

delighted – joyful – happy—glad--pleased 高兴的 accumulate – gather – collect 积聚，积累

speed – rate 速度

allocate(A级)– assign – distribute 分配

assignment – task 任务

order – direct 命令

childish(A级)– immature 不成熟的 foolish – stupid--dull 愚蠢的 empty – vacant – bare 空的

regardless of – despite – in spite of不管，不顾

unique – particular 独特的 as a result – in consequence 结果

on purpose – intentionally 故意地

pressing – urgent 紧迫的 problem – issue 问题

view – opinion – viewpoint – standpoint – point of view – notion – idea 观点, 见解

notion – concept – idea 概念

characteristic – feature 特征

be characteristic of – be typical of 是….所特有的 difficult – hard – tough 困难的 area – field 领域

area – region 区域

final –last 最后的

diploma – certificate 证书

pleasing – satisfactory 令人满意的 wish – hope 希望

massive – extensive – a mass of--plentiful大量的 conference – meeting会议

close – intimate--near亲密的 link – connect 连接

explore – investigate 调查

propose – suggest – advise--recommend 建议

cater for – meet – satisfy 满足

provide – supply – furnish 提供

collaborate(A级)– cooperate 合作

merge(B级)– unite – combine – join 联合，合并

come across – run into – meet 遇到

compel(A级)– force 迫使

appealing – attractive--fascinating 吸引人的

appeal to--tempt – attract – fascinate(A 级)吸引

temptation(B级)– attraction 诱惑

instruct – teach 教授(…课程)

confidential(A 级)– secret 秘密的 private – personal 私人的 vanish – disappear 消失

phase – stage 阶段

pattern – mode 模式，式样

destroy – ruin 毁灭

facilitate(A 级)– help – assist 有助于

manufacture – make – produce – turn out 制造，生产

prior to – before 在…之前

for good – forever 永远

be anxious to do …----be eager to do…---be keen to ….渴望…

consolidate(A 级)– strengthen 加强，巩固

contaminate(A 级)–– pollute – stain(A 级)污染

depict(A 级)– describe 描写

write down – put down 写下

endeavor(B 级)– try – attempt 努力

annoy – irritate(A 级)使生气

annoying – irritating 讨厌的，令人生气的 tease(A 级)– make fun of取笑

laugh at – mock(B 级)嘲笑

boring – dull--uninteresting令人厌烦的 seem – appear 看起来

contented – satisfactory – satisfied 满意的 exhibit – show 展示

show – indicate 表明

hate – dislike – be tired of – be sick of 讨厌，不喜欢

terrible--awful 可怕的

precise – accurate – exact 精确的 concise – brief--short 简明的 deceive(A 级)– cheat 欺骗

elementary – basic – primary – fundamental 基本的 purchase – buy 购买

deal with – cope with – handle 应付，处理

forbid – prohibit(A 级)--ban 禁止

lawful – legal 合法的

orthodox(A 级)--conventional 传统的 unbelievable – incredible 难以置信的

industrious(B 级)– hardworking 勤劳的，刻苦的

indispensable(A 级)– necessary必须的

principal –chief--leading---main 主要的，首要的 employ – hire 雇佣

fire – dismiss – send away解雇

postulate(A 级)– assume – suppose 假定

on the verge of---close to 接近于, 濒临于

extinction(A 级)– die out 灭绝

gaze at – look at – stare at 凝视，注视

eligible(A 级)– entitled – qualified 有资格的 employment – work – job 工作

encourage – inspire – push 鼓励，激励

no longer – no more 不再

admit – acknowledge 承认

allow – permit 允许

state – declare – announce 宣布，声明

regret – sorry 遗憾的 remove – get off 脱下

start – begin 开始

complicated(A 级)– complex 复杂的

comply with(A 级)– observe – abide by(A 级)--stick to 遵守

previous – former 以前的 maintain – hold – think 认为

cause – bring about – lead to – result in 导致

error – mistake 错误

component – ingredient – element 成分

solve – settle 解决(问题)

probe(A 级)– explore 探查

involve – include 包括

numerous – a number of – a lot of – abundant(B 级)– plentiful 大量的, 丰富的

stay –remain 保持(用作半系动词)

rest – break 休息

account for – explain 解释

examination – test 测试，考试

examine – check up 检查，核对

gain – put on 增加

put up – lift – raise 举起

put up – build – construct 建造

foster – cultivate – cultivate(B级)培养

alleviate(A级)– relieve--lessen 减轻，减少

severe –serious--bad 严重的 severe – strict 严厉的

sharp– acute – severe 剧烈的(疼痛)

severe – hard-tough艰苦的 quit – give up – abandon放弃

subject – topic 话题

remarkable – exceptional – extraordinary – great – marvelous – striking – special – unusual显著的

uneasy(A 级)– worried 焦虑的 demolish(A 级)– pull down 拆毁

adverse(A 级)– unfavorable 不利的，相反的 courteous(A 级)– polite – respectful 有礼貌的 courtesy(A 级)– politeness – good manners 礼貌

insane(A 级)– crazy – mad 疯狂的 sensible –wise – advisable(B 级)明智的 clever – intelligent – wise – bright 聪明的(be)exhausted –(be)tired –(be)worn out 疲惫

believable – convincing--credible(B 级)可信的 original – initial 最初的 original – creative 创造性的

competent – capable – able 有能力的

vigorous(A级)– energetic – dynamic(B级)精力充沛的，有活力的

第四篇：职称英语理工AB级近义词组推荐

职称英语理工AB级近义词组推荐(3)appealing – attractive--fascinating 吸引人的appeal to--tempt – attract –

fascinate(A 级)吸引

temptation(B级)– attraction 诱惑

instruct – teach 教授(…课程)

confidential(A 级)– secret 秘密的

private – personal 私人的 vanish – disappear 消失

phase – stage 阶段

pattern – mode 模式，式样

destroy – ruin 毁灭

facilitate(A 级)– help – assist 有助于

manufacture – make – produce – turn out 制造，生产

prior to – before 在…之前

for good – forever 永远

be anxious to do …----be eager to do…---be keen to ….渴望…

consolidate(A 级)– strengthen 加强，巩固

contaminate(A 级)–– pollute – stain(A 级)污染

depict(A 级)– describe 描写

write down – put down 写下

endeavor(B 级)– try – attempt 努力

annoy – irritate(A 级)使生气

annoying – irritating 讨厌的，令人生气的

tease(A 级)– make fun of取笑

laugh at – mock(B 级)嘲笑

boring – dull--uninteresting令人厌烦的

seem – appear 看起来

contented – satisfactory – satisfied 满意的

exhibit – show 展示

show – indicate 表明

hate – dislike – be tired of – be sick of 讨厌，不喜欢

terrible--awful 可怕的 precise – accurate – exact 精确的 concise – brief--short 简明的 deceive(A 级)– cheat 欺骗

elementary – basic – primary – fundamental 基本的

purchase – buy 购买

deal with – cope with – handle 应付，处理

forbid – prohibit(A 级)--ban 禁止

lawful – legal 合法的

orthodox(A 级)--conventional 传统的 unbelievable – incredible 难以置信的

industrious(B 级)– hardworking 勤劳的，刻苦的

indispensable(A 级)– necessary必须的

principal –chief--leading---main 主要的，首要的

employ – hire 雇佣

fire – dismiss – send away解雇

postulate(A 级)– assume – suppose 假定

on the verge of---close to 接近于, 濒临于

extinction(A 级)– die out 灭绝

gaze at – look at – stare at 凝视，注视

eligible(A 级)– entitled – qualified 有资格的

employment – work – job 工作

encourage – inspire – push 鼓励，激励

no longer – no more 不再

admit – acknowledge 承认

allow – permit 允许

state – declare – announce 宣布，声明

regret – sorry 遗憾的 remove – get off 脱下

start – begin 开始

complicated(A 级)– complex 复杂的

comply with(A 级)– observe – abide by(A 级)--stick to 遵守

previous – former 以前的 maintain – hold – think 认为

cause – bring about – lead to – result in 导致

error – mistake 错误

component – ingredient – element 成分

solve – settle 解决(问题)

probe(A 级)– explore 探查

involve – include 包括

numerous – a number of – a lot of – abundant(B 级)– plentiful 大量的, 丰富的

stay –remain 保持(用作半系动词)

rest – break 休息

account for – explain 解释

examination – test 测试，考试

examine – check up 检查，核对

gain – put on 增加

put up – lift – raise 举起

put up – build – construct 建造

foster – cultivate – cultivate(B级)培养

alleviate(A级)– relieve--lessen 减轻，减少

severe –serious--bad 严重的

severe – strict 严厉的

sharp– acute – severe 剧烈的(疼痛)

severe – hard-tough艰苦的 quit – give up – abandon放弃

subject – topic 话题

remarkable – exceptional – extraordinary – great – marvelous – striking –

special – unusual显著的 uneasy(A 级)– worried 焦虑的 demolish(A 级)– pull down 拆毁

adverse(A 级)– unfavorable 不利的，相反的 courteous(A 级)– polite – respectful 有礼貌的 courtesy(A 级)– politeness – good manners 礼貌

insane(A 级)– crazy – mad 疯狂的 sensible –wise – advisable(B 级)明智的 clever – intelligent – wise – bright 聪明的(be)exhausted –(be)tired –(be)worn out 疲惫

believable – convincing--credible(B 级)可信的

original – initial 最初的 original – creative 创造性的 competent – capable – able 有能力的

vigorous(A级)– energetic – dynamic(B级)精力充沛的，有活力的

第五篇：2014职称英语卫生类A级完形填空及译文

2014职称英语教材-卫生类A级5篇完形填空及参考译文（红色为书中选项答案）

+11Migrant Workers

In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another.some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers.This is particularly the case in the Middle East,1increased oil incomes have enabled many countries tooutsiders to improve local facilities.the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe.It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries,South Korea and Japan.In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, 2 it is notthat the pay is high to attract suitable workers.Many engineers and technicians can earn at leastmoney in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction.An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it.3 This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage., the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each othersafety and comfort., many migrant workers can save large sums of money partlythe lack of entertainment facilities.The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutionsproblems rather than do routine work in their home country.One major problem whichmigrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones.They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence.This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents., migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of thefinancial benefits which they receive.+ 12Dreams

Everyone can dream．Indeed, everyone does dream．Those whothat they never dream at all actually dreamas frequently as the rest of us,they may not remember anything about it．Even those of us who are perfectlyof dreaming nightnight very seldom remember those dreams indetail but merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated impressions.Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our, so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste．

One of the world's oldestwritten documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams．This volume is about five thousand years old, so you canthat dreams were believed to have a

special significance even then．Many ancient civilizations believed that younever ask a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to returntime if the sleeper were suddenly.From ancient times to the present,people have beenattempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance．There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation．although unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dreamthere are books．

+13

Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack

German researchers havea new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protectionsudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these casesby disruption to the heart’s rhythm.Those most at risk are patients who havesuffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosingdisruption to heart rnythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds.These devicesa range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG)within the body.This integrated system allows early diagnosis ofblood-flow problems and a pending heart attack.It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year.Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders of ECG data The overwhelmingof patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs onlyinto account a linear correlation of the data.We are, however, making usea non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to showthe new software evaluates the data considerably better.+14YoungAdultsWho ExerciseGetHigherIQScores(新增)

Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ`and are moreto go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hopital.The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS).The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were

born between 1950 and 1976.The research group analysed theof both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.The study shows a clear linkgood physical fitness and better results for the IQ test.The strongest links are for thinking and verbal comprehension,But it is only fitness that plays a in the results for the IQ test,and not strength,”Being fit means that you also have good heart and lungand that your brain gets plenty of ,” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahogrenska University Hospital.”This may be one of the reasonswe can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular.We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”

By analysing data for twins,the researchers have beento determine that it is primarily environmental facors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a IQ.“We have also shown that those youngsters whotheir physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,”says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre.”This being the case, physicalis a subject that has an important place in schools,and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”

The researchers have also compared the results from fitness testsnational service with the socio-economic status of the men latter in,Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education,and many secured more qualified jobs.+15Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years

A hundred years ago，life expectancy in developed countries was about 47: in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74.Women to about 80, and theseare rising all the time.What has broughtthese changes? When we look at the lifeof people l00 years ago, we need to look at the greatestof the time.In the early 20th century, these were the acute and ofteninfectious diseases such as smallpox.Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In theworld these diseases are fartoday,90 and in some cases have almost disappeared.A number ofshave led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, whichbacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinationscommon diseases., people's generalhealth has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food，better and warmer housing，and better understanding of nutrition.Genetically，we should all be able to live to about 85 butpeople do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age.The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and thoseby viruses, such as influenza and AIDS l.Of course, cancer is a huge

killer as well.In most cases these diseases affectpeople, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesitymore heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as “lifestyle diseases”，which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.移民工人

在过去的20年，工人从一个国家到另一个国家的趋势越来越大。一些刚刚独立的国家把大部分工作留给当地人，这一点是可以理解的，而另一些却吸引和欢迎移民工人。中东地区的情况尤为如此。那里增加的石油收入使很多国家能够召集外面的人来改进本地设施。因此中东吸引了来自美国和欧洲的石油工人。它还从包括韩国和日本的许多国家引入了建筑工人和技师。

由于中东地区艰苦的生活和工作条件，吸引合适的工人的费用是很高的，这不足为奇。许多工程师和技师在中东至少可以挣到他们在自己国家两倍的收入，这是最大的吸引力。一个相关的好处是这里的税收低，或者根本就不收税。这增加了来访工人的净收入，而且很受他们欢迎。

有时一个劣势就有一个补偿的优势。例如，艰苦的生活条件常常导致更深的友谊，因为工人们为了安全和舒适必须互相依赖。同样，许多移民工人能够存很多钱，部分原因是因为那里缺少娱乐设施。工作通常是复杂的，而且充满问题，但是这会向那些更愿解决问题而不是在自己国家里做例行工作的工程师们提出更大的挑战。

影响中东的移民工人的一个主要问题是他们的工作是暂时性的。他们几乎都是合同工，所以要让他们很有信心地事前做出计划是很难的。人们希望这样，是因为没有一个国家欢迎大量的外国工人作为永久居民。无论如何，移民工人像接受其他不足一样接受这个不足，因为他们得到的是可观的经济利益。梦之闲话

人人都会做梦，也确实每个人睡觉都做梦。那些声称睡觉从来不做梦的人其实都有做梦，而且做梦的频次与其他人一样，只是他们从来记不住自己做的梦而已。即使是那些能清楚地意识到自己夜复一夜都在做梦的人也很少能够把那些细节都描述得淋漓尽致，能记住的也只是一些看起来毫无关联的印象与场景组成的一团混沌。梦境不仅仅是视觉的，我们做梦的时候会牵动我们的各种器官，所以我们在梦里似乎能够听到声音，能触摸到，还能嗅到气味，甚至尝到味道。

埃及的《梦幻书语》是目前世界上所发现的最早关于梦的文本记载。这本书大概5000年的历史，我们可以发现在那个年代，人们就已经相信梦特有的重要性。在很多古老的文明中，人们都坚信不能惊醒睡梦中的人，因为在睡梦中，人的灵魂都会离开身体，如果别惊醒，灵魂也许就不能及时回到身体里。

从古到今，人们就一直试图解析梦境以及其重要性。目前市面上就有很多关于解梦的书，遗憾的是，对于同一个梦，有多少本书就会有多少种解释。

13科学家探索发现心脏病的方法

德国研究者们发明了新一代的除颤器和旨在为心脏病人提供更多保护，使他们免遭心脏

停止导致的突然死亡的早期预报软件。

仅在德国每年就有10万人死于心脏停止。其中大部分是由于心律中断导致的。危险最大的是那些已经犯过一次心脏病的病人。几年来除颤器被证实在控测心律中止和在几秒中内实施自动干涉以调整心律的诊断中是有用的。这种方法起到了很多作用，例如起博器。

弗莱伯大学诊所的心脏病专家已经在内置除颤器方面取得了突破性成就。这种除颤器可以在体内产生六个频道的心电图。这个综合体系使血液流通总是和即将发生的心脏病可被早些诊断出来。今年它将第一次被植入病人体内。同时，凯瑟劳特的弗劳胡佛实用数学学院的研究者开发了一种新计算机软件。这种软件使心电图数据更加准确。

大部分有风险的患 者不能用内置除颤器，因此必须接受常规的心电图检查。“目前的许多计划只把数据的线形关系考虑在内。但是我们现在使用的是能够将心脏跳动的混乱模工作为一个直观而又复杂的系统提示出来的非线性处理方法”。海根·纳夫说，“这样心脏跳动频率的变化就会受到控制，而病人个人的特征也会得到考虑。”一个基于600位犯心脏病的患者的以前的心电图数据研究使科学家们能够比较两种风险，结果显示新软件明显能更好地处理心电图数据。

14运动的年轻人智商更高(新增)

瑞典哥德堡大学健康校医院的科学研究院和该校校医院的一项最新研究表明，身体健康的年轻人智商更高，进入大学学习的可能性也更高。

研究结果发表在美国国家科学院学报上。这项研究的取样样本是1950-1976年入伍的120万瑞典新兵。这些新兵们报到时接受了体能测试和智能测试，研究员对这两类测试数据进行了分析。

研究表明，健康的体能和优秀的智能测试结果之间的联系和明显的。最突出的就是科学思维和语言理解能力与身体健康有关。但是智商测试结果中只是健康在起作用，而与力量无关。“身体健康是指，一个人心肺功能好，能将充足的氧气源源不断地输入给大脑，”瑞典哥德堡大学健康科学研究院教授和哥德堡大学健康科学研究院校医院首席内科医师迈克尔·尼尔森如说，“也许这就是为什么智商测试结果与健康之间存在明显联系，而与肌肉力量无关的原因之一。我们还发现生长因子也很重要。”

通过研究双胞胎的数据，研究人员可以得出结论，智商差异来自后天的环境因素而不是先天的基因，身体越健康，智商越高。

“我们还发现，在15-18岁之间加强身体锻炼的青少年往往认知能力也较强，”哥德堡大学健康学研究院研究员，ABY健康中心医师玛利亚·啊伯格说，“倘若情况果然如此，那么体院应成为学校中一门重要的学科，而且如果我们想要学好数学和其他理论科学，体育课是非常有必要的。”

研究人员还将新兵服役入伍报到时的体格检查和智商测试的结果与后来他们来生活中的社会经济地位进行了比较。那些18岁是身体健康的人学历更高，很多都能胜任高要求的工作。

15上世界人类平均寿命的变化

一百年前，发达国家的人口平均寿命约为47岁，到21世纪初，美英两国男性平均寿命为74岁，女性约为80岁，人们的平均寿命一直在延长。是什么造成这样的变化呢？在研究100年前人类的寿命时，我们需要注意当时的一些不治之症。早在20世界初期，这些不治

之症经常是像天花之类的急性的高传染病。许多儿童因此夭折（也有其他原因），年迈体弱的人也总面临着他们的威胁。

如今，这些疾病在发达国家已经远不能致命。这一变化归于许多因素，比如：环境及个人卫生的改善、抗生素的发现及使用（抗生素大大降低了细菌病的危险）以及常见疾病预防疫苗的接种。除此之外，更洁净的空气、更好的食物保鲜方法、更舒适温暖的屋子还有对营养的进一步认识，这些总的环境的改善也促进了人们的整体健康。

从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁。但尽管现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。现在困扰人们的是像心脏病、中风那些更为慢性的疾病，还有像流行性感冒和艾滋病那些通过病毒传染的疾病。当然，癌症也是一大杀手。上述疾病大多影响着老年人，但令人担忧的问题在发达国家日趋明显，如：肥胖症产生更多心脏病、糖尿病等其他疾病患者群渐成年轻化。

人们如果把这些疾病归为“生活方式疾病”，这意味着人们生活方式的改善有可能阻止它们的进一步发展。