专八写作话题精选（最终版）

第一篇：专八写作话题精选（最终版）

如何看待在校大学生打工（１）

【题目】

In some countries, teenagers have jobs while they are still students.Do you think this is a good idea? Support your opinion by using specific reasons and details.【范文】

In many countries it is common for teenagers to take part-time jobs while they are still in high school, while in other societies this is virtually unheard of.In the latter situation, students are expected to spend all of their time on their studies and consider schoolwork their “job”.In my opinion, students benefit more from a more balanced lifestyle, which may include working at a part-time job.Therefore, I believe that it is a good idea for students to work while studying.While it is true that a student's most important goal must be to learn and to do well at his studies, it does not need to be the only goal.In fact, a life which consists of only study is not balanced and may cause the student to miss out on other valuable learning experiences.In addition to bringing more balance to a student's life, part-time work can broaden his range of experience.He will have the opportunity to meet people from all walks of life and will be faced with a wider variety of problems to solve.Furthermore, work helps a student to develop greater independence, and earning his own pocket money can teach him how to handle his finances.Finally, a part-time job can help a student to develop a greater sense of responsibility, both for his own work and for that of the team he works with.For all of these reasons, I firmly believe that most students would benefit from taking a part-time job while they are in high school.Of course, they must be careful not to let it take up too much of their time because study is still their primary responsibility.In sum, living a balanced life is the best way to be successful.［参考译文］青少年与打工

在许多国家，青少年普遍会在高中时期打工。然而在有些国家，这几乎是前所未闻的。如果是后者的情况，那是因为一般认为学生应把所有的时间花在学业上，把学业当作是自己的“工作”。我认为，生活方式越均衡，对学生就越好，而均衡的生活则须包含打工。所以我认为，在就学期间打工是个不错的想法。

虽然学生最重要的目标的确必须是学习，而且功课要好，但这不必是学生惟一的目标。事实上，只重视学业的生活并不均衡，这可能会使学生错过其他珍贵的学习经验。打工除了使生活更均衡外，还可拓展学生的经验。学生可以有机会见识各行各业的人，而且会面临更多各种不同的问题需要解决。此外，工作帮助学生更加独立，而且自己赚零用钱还可以教导他如何处理自己的财务。最后，打工可以帮助学生培养对自己的工作和团队工作更大的责任感。

基于这些理由，我坚决相信，大多数学生在高中时期打工都能获益。当然，他们也必须小心，不要让打工占据太多时间，因为学业仍然是青少年首要的责任。总之，过均衡的生活才是最佳的成功之道。

讨论汽车快速发展利与弊（２）

以下文章主要讨论小汽车的利与弊（Advantages and disadvantages of private cars）。

With the fantastic spur both in industry and in economy in China, the number of people who own private cars is on the rise.Some people have bought cars of their own, and others are planning to buy cars.But there have been two quite different views on this phenomenon.Some claim that there are many advantages brought about by cars.First, the automobile industry provides jobs for countless workers and strong support for other industries.Second, if conditions permit, owning a car can make us work more efficiently.Finally, life will become more convenient.A car allows one to move freely and with a car there is no need to wait for the bus in the cold or under the burning sun.However, others strongly object to the increase in developing private cars.They hold that automobiles will give rise to a series of problems.In the first place, as more and more cars are produced and run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas will be given off, polluting the atmosphere and causing actual harm to the health of people.Next, private cars contr123te to traffic congestion so greatly that the advantages gained in comfort and freedom are often cancelled out by the frustration caused by traffic jams.The last problem is the increasing number of car accidents that have killed and will kill a lot of people in a friction of a second.In my opinion, although automobiles have been playing a vital part in the daily activities of our society, they also bring us numerous troubles such as more serious environmental pollution, more traffic accidents and more 123rgy consumption.They drink up huge amounts of fuel and throw out huge amounts of pollutants.Traffic accidents kill thousands and thousands of people each year and cripple more.Jams waste our precious time.Therefore I am against developing private cars.每天养成存钱习惯的好处(3)

【题目】

Is it better to enjoy your money when you earn it or is it better to save your money for some time in the future? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.【范文】The Advantages of Saving Money

Everyone must work to live, but many people are fortunate enough to make more money than they immediately need.What should they do with this extra income? While it is tempting for people to spend it all on things they desire, I believe it is better to save at least a portion of the extra income for the future.By saving money, people give themselves more security.They cannot predict the future;perhaps one day they will be jobless.At a time like this their savings can spare them a great deal of suffering and help to see them through the hard time.In addition, saving money allows people to build up a larger sum.They can then buy something more worthwhile than the small things they can but if they spend the money right away.For example, they may be able to buy a house with their savings.Finally, the practice of saving helps people develop the habit of setting goals and planning for their future.In this way they are bound to lead more meaningful and successful lives.Most people would like to enjoy their money immediately.Nobody likes to wait for the things that he wants.However, if we learn to save our money, we can gain more advantages in the future.We will lead more secure and, thus, happier lives.We will also be able to buy the things we truly want but cannot afford right now.【参考译文】：存钱的好处

每个人都必须工作以求生存，但是有许多人很幸运，能够赚得比他们立即需要的还要多的钱。他们应该如何处理这些额外的收入呢?尽管把钱全花在自己想买的东西上是很诱人的，但我认为最好至少把一部分的额外收入存起来，以备将来之需。

通过存钱，人们能获得更多的安全感。未来是无法预测的，或许有一天我们会失业。碰到像这样的情况，存款可以让我们免去许多痛苦，帮助我们渡过难关。此外，存钱可以使人积累较多的钱，可以用于买更有价值的东西，比马上把钱花掉所能买到的东西更有用。例如，我们可以用存款买房子。最后，存钱能帮助我们培养设定目标及为未来作计划的习惯。如此一来，我们一定会过着更有意义并且更成功的生活。

大部分的人会想要马上享用手边的钱。没有人想等到以后再买想要的东西。然而，如果我们学会存钱，未来可以获得更多的好处。我们将过着更有安全感而且更快乐的生活。我们也能购买我们真正想要但现在无法负担的东西。

书本知识与实践经验哪个重要(4)

【题目】

It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books.In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?

【范文】 Book Knowledge vs.Experience

Knowledge can be acquired from many sources.These include books, teachers and practical experience, and each has its own advantages.The knowledge we gain from books and formal education enables us to learn about things that we have no opportunity to experience in daily life.We can study all the places in the world and learn from people we will never meet in our lifetime, just by reading about them in books.We can also develop our analytical skills and learn how to view and interpret the world around us in different ways.Furthermore, we can learn from the past by reading books.In this way, we won’t repeat the mistakes of others and can build on their achievements.Practical experience, on the other hand, can give us more useful knowledge.It is said that one learns best by doing, and I believe that this is true, whether one is successful or not.In fact, I think making mistakes is the best way to learn.Moreover, if one wants to make new advances, it is necessary to act.Innovations do not come about through reading but through experimentation.Finally, one can apply the skills and insights gained through the study of books to practical experience, making an already meaningful experience more meaningful.However, unless it is applied to real experiences, book knowledge remains theoretical and, in the end, is useless.That is why I believe that knowledge gained from practical experience is more important than that acquired from books.【参考译文】 书本知识与实际经验

获得知识的来源有很多，其中包括书本、老师，以及实际经验，而每一种都有其优点。

从书本上及正规教育中所获得的知识使我们知道在日常生活中没有机会亲身去体验的事。通过读书，我们可以研究世界各地的资料，还可以向不曾谋面的人学习。我们也可以培养分析的技巧，并学习如何以不同的方式去观察并理解周围的世界。此外，我们可以通过读书，从历史中获取教训。如此一来，就不会再重复别人的错误，并且能够以他人的成就作为我们行动的基础。

另一方面，实际经验能够给我们更多有用的知识。大家都说从做中学的效果最好，我也认为的确如此，无论一个人成功与否。事实上，我认为犯错是最好的学习方式。此外，如果想要有新的进展，就必须要付诸行动。想要创新，只靠阅读是不够的，必须要去实践。最后，我们可以将通过读书所获得的技巧和见解应用于实际经验中，使得原本有意义的经验变得更有意义。不过，除非我们能将书本知识运用于实际经验中，否则书本知识终究仍只是理论，毫无用处。那就是为什么我会认为从实际经验中获得的知识比从书本中所得到的知识更为重要。

居民住房附近有工厂的利弊(5)

【题目】

A company has announced that it wishes to build a large factory near your community.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this new influence on your community.Do you support or oppose the factory? Explain your position.【范文】 A Factory near the Neighborhood

Having a factory near where one lives brings with it both advantages and disadvantages.An obvious advantage is an increase in the number of available jobs, and many people in the community might find employment in the new factory.The factory would bring money into the community in other ways as well.It would have to pay some taxes to the local government, and workers might go shopping or eat at a restaurant in the area before or after their shifts.However, the factory would bring some disadvantages, too.Depending on what kind of factory it is, it might pollute the environment and bring down property values.It would be sure to increase traffic in the area, causing congestion and making it unsafe for children to play outside.Finally, the neighborhood would become a noisy, busy place.For all of these reasons, I would be opposed to the construction of a new factory near my community.While the employment opportunities would help the community, I believe it would be better for residents to commute to work and preserve the peace of our neighborhood.【译文】 住家附近的工厂

住家附近有工厂既有优势也有弊端。一项明显的优势是工作机会会增加。社区内的许多居民可能会在新工厂找到工作。工厂也会以其他方式为社区带来收入。它必须上缴给当地政府部分税金，工人也可能会在轮班工作的前后在当地购买东西或在餐厅用餐。

然而，工厂也会带来某些弊端，这取决于工厂的性质。它可能会污染环境，造成房地产价格下跌。工厂一定会使当地的交通流量增加，导致交通阻塞，使得小孩在外面玩耍变得不安全。最后，社区附近地区会变得既热闹又嘈杂。基于这些理由，我反对在社区附近兴建新的工厂。虽然就业机会能造福社区，但我认为还是居民乘车上下班，保持社区附近环境的安宁比较好。

运气在事业成功中的作用(6)

【题目】

“When people succeed, it is because of hard work.Luck has nothing to do with success.” Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.【范文】 The Role of Luck in Success

It has been said that when people succeed, it is because of hard work and that luck has nothing to do with success.Although I believe that hard work is very important and is the surest way to success for most people, I must disagree with this statement.It cannot be denied that luck often plays an important role in success.For example, many important discoveries have been made by accident.There have been many cases of researchers and inventors making major breakthroughs while they were actually trying to solve another problem or create a different device.Furthermore, there is something to be said for simply being in the right place at the right time-perhaps meeting someone by chance who can offer a good job or rare opportunity.And of course, there are the rare examples of gamblers and lottery winners who beat the odds and achieve sudden and unexpected success.While the influence of luck cannot be ignored, this is not to say that one should depend on it and ignore the value of hard work.If one is willing to work hard, I believe that success will eventually be achieved, with or without the added benefit of luck.Moreover, hard work is often an essential ingredient of luck because it enables one to take advantage of a lucky encounter.If the scientist has not worked hard to develop his knowledge and skills, he may not recognize that lucky breakthrough when it comes along.Therefore, my suggestion is not to count on luck to bring you success.Instead, work hard and keep your eyes open for that lucky opportunity.参考译文：运气在成功里所扮演的角色

有人说一个人会成功是因为努力，而运气和成功则是一点关系也没有。虽然我相信努力很重要，而且对大部分的人来说，努力是成功最可靠的方法，可是我不得不反对这种说法。能否成功，运气扮演着一个很重要的角色，这是不可否认的事实。例如，很多重要的发现都是在偶然情况下发生的。有很多实例表明，有重大突破的研究人员和发明家，原本是要试图解决其他问题或是发明别的仪器。而且，仅仅是天时地利这方面也有一些关系--也许是偶然碰到能提供好的工作和珍贵机会的人。当然也有极少数赌徒和彩票得主得到突如其来、意想不到的成功。

尽管运气的影响力不容忽视，但也不表示人就应该完全靠运气，而忽视努力的价值。如果一个人愿意努力，不论有没有运气额外的帮助，我相信终究还是会成功。此外，因为努力能让人充分利用幸运的机会，所以努力通常也是运气的必要因素。如果科学家没有努力培养自己的知识和技巧，那么当某个幸运的突破出现时，他可能也看不出来。因此，我建议大家不要指望运气能带来成功。相反地，应该努力，并随时注意不要错过任何好机会。人们为什么要参观博物馆(7)

【题目】

Many people visit museums when they travel to new places.Why do you think people visit museums? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.【范文】 Why People Visit Museums?

Museums are great repositories of mankind’s historical artifacts and achievements in art.From them we can learn a great deal about the people of the past and their link to the people of the present.We can also learn about cultures other than our own.I believe this last advantage is the main reason many people visit museums when they travel.When someone chooses to visit a new place, he often does so because he is interested in seeing a different environment and a different way of life.To gain a better understanding of this new culture, many travelers will go to a history or cultural museum.Even those who never visit museums at home may be inspired by the new sights around them and want to find out more.Other people choose to visit museums abroad in groups to see things that they cannot see at home.They may have read of famous works of art and look forward to the chance to see them with their own eyes.Still others may have a specific interest, such as butterflies or eighteenth century furniture.It is not possible for every community to support a museum devoted to every field of study, but travelers can take advantage of the opportunity to pursue their interests.No matter why one travels, the journey often offers the opportunity to visit a new museum.It is an activity that will provide the traveler with a better understanding of the world, no matter what his specific interest is.That is why I think most people choose to visit museums when they travel to a new place.------------------

参考译文：人们为什么要参观博物馆？

博物馆是人类历史文物及艺术成就的伟大宝库。我们可以从中了解到很多与过去的人们有关的事以及他们与现代人之间的关联。我们也可以从中了解其他不同的文化。我认为最后这项优点是许多人旅行时会去参观博物馆的主要原因。

人们选择游览一个新的地方是因为他们对不同的环境以及不同的生活方式感兴趣。为了更加了解这个新的文化，许多游客会去参观历史或文化博物馆。即使是在国内从不去参观博物馆的人，也可能会受到周围景物的启发而想要发掘更多东西。有些人在国外选择参观博物馆是为了要看国内所看不到的东西。他们可能已经阅读过一些著名艺术作品的资料而期待这个可以亲眼目睹的机会。还有些人可能对某些事物有特定的兴趣，如蝴蝶或18世纪的家具。可是并非每个地区都能资助与每一种学术领域有关的博物馆，所以游客就可以利用这个机会去追求自己的兴趣。

无论一个人为了什么而去旅行，旅行常能提供参观新博物馆的机会。这项活动能让旅行者更加了解世界，不管他的特殊兴趣是什么。这就是我认为为什么大部分人到新的地方旅行都会选择参观博物馆的原因。

电影电视给观众带来的影响(８)

【题目】

How do movies or television influence people’s behavior? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.【范文】 The Influence of Television and Movies

There is no doubt that watching television and movies can influence the way that people behave.Moreover, it seems that people are spending more and more time watching some sort of visual entertainment, whether it is television, a video tape or a DVD.Therefore, the effects of visual media cannot be ignored.One obvious effect of these media is that watching them induces people to buy certain products.Television advertising is widespread and, nowadays, even movie theaters permit advertisements.Another way TV and the movies affect people is that they give people either a broader view of the world or a distorted one, depending on what type of program they watch.Those who watch news and educational program can learn many new things while those who watch primarily entertainment shows may come to believe that most people in the world possess great wealth and good looks.It may make them become dissatisfied with their own lives.Finally, perhaps the most susceptible viewers are children, who may be unable to tell fact from fiction and may try to imitate acts that they see on TV or in the movies.With the ever-increasing popularity of video entertainment, society must pay attention to these effects.Television and movies, while entertaining and informative, cannot take the place of real experience.控制影视暴力场景的意义(９)

［题目］

The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the violent crimes in society.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this issue?

［参考范文］

It is widely acknowledged that the amount of violence in films and on TV is one of the direct causes that lead to our high crime rate in our society.The voice of demanding the government to control violent scenes in media has been much louder than before.Personally, I totally agree with this voice, for it is the most effective way to reduce violent crimes in the real world.First and foremost, violence on TV or in films is often portrayed as extreme as possible in order to attract audiences.This will definitely set a bad example for those immature audiences, who, lacking correct parental guidance, are most likely to copy the violent behaviours and commit real violent crimes.Next, media, such as TV or film, is considered as the correct information source regulated by the government.It should be reporting and reflecting true phenomena in the society.Violence, as one of the facts in the real world, certainly has to be reported.However, excessive violence is offering misleading information to the public, which will exert detrimental influence to the society.For example, teenagers will regard those killers and murderers in the films and on TV as role models and copy their behaviors.It is recently reported in the news that a seventeen-year-old killed all his family members, one sister and two parents out of hatred and jealousy.In the real world, we are often reminded of the harm and hurt that violence in fictional world has brought us.n a word, our society is preoccupied by the violent scenes and plots at present.What the government has to do immediately is to take effective measures to control the amount of violence in media.Only in this way, can our society enjoy high level of security and peace.

第二篇：专八写作解题策略

专八写作解题策略

一、审题

1.2004班《英语专业八级考试大纲》要求考生“按题撰文”。

2.抓提示信息

(1)固定信息

一般情况下，题意要求规定了作文的大致结构与各段落的主要内容。（可取任意真题中作文的题意要求为例；“按题撰文”，任意发挥，必然失分）

（2）具体信息

（以2001年专八真题为例）

二、筹划

1.45分钟内一般没有足够的时间写出较为完整的草稿。

2.具体步骤

（1）提出自己的观点，确定文章的中心句。

（2）搜集相关资料，并对资料进行分类，从而形成从不同侧面证明主题句的段落雏形。

（3）对材料进行取舍。

（取舍标准：既与每个段落的主题句相关，又能提供最为充足的证据证

明主题句。）

（以2008年专八写作真题范文为例。）

三、写作

打破陈旧开头式、句句紧连丝丝扣、段段逻辑组一体、层次分明条理晰、字迹清楚加整齐。

四、检查

文章的标题是否得当、句法结构有无错误、语法是否正确、过渡词使用是

否恰当、标点符号使用的是否恰当、字母大小写是否存在问题。

第三篇：专八写作热点话题预测

专八写作热点话题预测

作者：刘莉华

来源：《英语专业八级考试写作标准范文背诵》

时间：2006-08-24

【写作题目】

People used to regard college life as most carefree days, but now depression, anxiety and even suicide are creeping onto campus.How should college students react to this change? Write an essay of about 400 words entitled: How to Survive College Life In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details.In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.【范文呈现1】

How to Survive College Life

The college life should be joyful and colorful, but on campus you can also see the sights: some students are extremely embarrassed when it’s time for them to pay the tuition;some students may have difficulty in going to sleep, when it’s time for them to have final exam or hand in term papers;some freshmen are on the verge of breakdown because of loneliness or homesickness.Maybe you are suffering from one of these troubles.Do you want to get rid of it and enjoy a more pleasant and rich college life? Here is my advice about how to cope with financial, academic and emotional problems.First of all, there are several ways to reduce your financial pressure.The best way is to take a part-time job, such as being a tutor or a part-time cleaner.By doing so, you can increase both your income and experience.Next, if

have no extra spare time to take one, you can try to apply for a loan fund from government.The good news is that it is usually interest-free and you are allowed to pay back by installment after graduation.Then besides earning money, you should learn to spend carefully and wisely.Set priorities and avoid unnecessary expenses for luxuries such as new clothes or snacks.Besides, to release academic pressure, you can take the following suggestions into account.First, you can ask teachers for help directly when you have difficulty in understanding lessons.Most often, the teachers can not only help you solve the problem but also help you improve learning methods.Second, you should relax yourself after long time study.You can do some exercise, or listen to music to release your physical

you must keep a positive attitude toward your studies.Don’t feel frustrated when you fail an exam;stay confident and be eager to learn when facing excellent competitors.Above all, set yourself long-term goals and fix your eyes on them, which enable you to go ahead despite temporary setbacks.When it comes to the problem of homesickness, here are a few tips for freshmen.Obviously, you can write to your family or call home every few days.Meanwhile, you should adapt to the new environment as soon as you can by making new friends, joining some clubs, taking part in all sorts of activities.In addition, cultivating a hobby is another effective way to shake off the loneliness and enrich your life.Life is a journey full of stumbling blocks, dangerous traps and unexpected

as part of it, college days are no exception.However, those who survive and succeed are not lucky people who slide by, but tough nails that react bravely and positively.So, be tough, take right actions, and you will free yourself from the present predicament soon.【范文呈现2】

How to Survive College Life

Many high school graduates cheerfully receive university admissions, painting a rosy picture of college life in mind.However, after stepping onto campus, they are confronted with all sorts of problems and haunted by depression and anxiety.Therefore, it takes both a positive attitude and proper actions to lead a happy college life.Many freshmen, suddenly falling into a

frustrated to realize that their living and learning habits in high school are no longer practical at college.They have to manage their life and plan spare time on their own, while in high school almost everything is assigned by teachers and supervised by parents.This change may puzzle them for a short time, but certainly can be overcome with a little effort.In daily life, they should learn to do chores such as washing and shopping either by calling home or by consulting experienced roommates.In their studies, they should set up a busy schedule in order not to waste time, exchange ideas with juniors and seniors so as to improve learning methods, talk to teachers voluntarily when having questions or dissatisfactions.By following the above advice, a first year student can

adjustment.Money shortage also inflicts pain on a large number of undergraduates.Some may be tightfisted due to their family conditions;some may encounter a financial problem because of poor management of their pocket money.What can those students do? Both should try to balance between earning and spending.The former can do part-time jobs such as a private tutor or a salesperson of McDonald, or obtain a scholarship by studying hard, or get a bank loan.Yet, the latter ought to make better use of their money, spending only on necessities and cutting down expenses on luxuries.In addition to the above matters, many students suffer depression for unrequited love.Some become obsessed with his or her crush;some feel

there is a few who have tried murder or suicide at the time of breakup.How should they relieve themselves from such pain? An effective remedy is to pour out to closed friends, who can always listen to their worries, share their frustration, give rational advice and heal their confidence.In the meantime, they can divert their attention by developing more hobbies and engaging in various healthy social activities such as charity or recreational programs.Few expect to face so many problems in a short period of 4 years, but once it happens, provided one has enough confidence, courage and will to change, he can still achieve what he wants.Besides, as the old saying goes, every cloud has a silver lining.Looking back, he may even treasure and thank for

him strong and prepared him for his future.【范文赏析】

两篇范文立意相近，但结构安排各有特点，展示了面对“问题解决型”写作任务时，同学们可采取的两种基本组织模式：前者在首段通过描述了大学生活常见的三类问题，在文章主体分别从三个角度予以解决；后者则是在每个主体段落中，逐个描述分析问题再对症下药。

从选词造句的角度来说，二者都大量运用了平行结构和排比句，这样既加强了列举事例的简洁性，又突出了语言的节奏感，例如：第一篇文章的首段中on campus you can also see the sights: some students are extremely embarrassed when it’s time for them to pay the tuition;some students may have difficulty in going to sleep, when it’s time for them to have final exam or hand in term

of breakdown because of loneliness or homesickness;第二篇文章中的Some become obsessed with his or her crush;some feel heartbroken when being rejected;even there is a few who have tried murder or suicide at the time of breakup。此外，两篇短文虽都在提建议，前者采用了第二人称，多处使用了简练有力的祈使句；后者采用了第三人称，多处采用了分词、动名词结构，表意主次鲜明，同时体现了句式变化。选词的亮点分别在于：前者使用了on the verge of sth（在…的边缘）, fix one’s eyes on …（集中注意力在…;关注）, stumbling block（绊脚石），tough nails（坚强的人）;后者使用了短语inflict pain on…（使…痛苦），cut down expenses（减少开支），及谚语every cloud has a silver lining（每朵乌云都镶有银边）。

第四篇：专八写作辅导：丢掉“垃圾词汇”

垃圾词汇1: help

典型例句： I“ll help you。

替代语 accomodate

E.g: I”ll endeavour to accomodate you。

垃圾词汇2: helpful

典型例句：Sth is helpful(to sb)

替代语 conducive

E.g Sth is conducive to sb

do credit to our forbears 继承先辈的优秀传统

垃圾词汇3: show

典型例句：as it shows in the picture

替代语 betray

垃圾词汇4: think

典型例句： i think--------

替代语deem

垃圾词汇5: ugly

典型例句： xxx is ugly

替代语 hideous

垃圾词汇6: by the way

典型例句： by the way,...。

替代语 incidentally,...。

垃圾词汇7: because

典型例句： xxx because xxx

替代语 in that/in as much as

E.g: xxx because xxx

垃圾词汇8: consider

典型例句： We must consider xxx

替代语： allow for

E.g : We must allow for xxx

垃圾词汇9: much

典型例句： there has been a much increase in the world population替代语：there has been a drastic increase in the-----

垃圾词汇10: about

典型例句：it is about 250 times of that

替代语 it is approximately---

垃圾词汇11: buy

替代语purchase

第五篇：专八作文

【51Test.NET专业英语四级八级考试满分作文】

Ambition

Ambition is the decision one makes and the resolution with which he carries out that decision.It provides us with the required driving force to accomplish any undertakings in our life.Just as Joseph Epstein, a famous American writer put it, “And as we decide and choose, so are our lives formed.” Indeed, once we make up our minds to choose to do something, then our life becomes meaningful and specifically orientated.This notion of life, as far as I observe, is closest to truth and does apply to almost all aspects of life.First things first, ambition renders us a sense of mission.No matter what decision you make you have to be responsible for your choice.Your choice procures you a sense of orientation, or more specially a sense of mission.And only a strong mission may enable one to accomplish greatness.Caesar of the ancient Roman Empire was urged by his ambition “I came, I saw, I conquered.” And became an unrivaled empire builder in the history of Rome.John Milton, stimulated always by his ambition that aimed at writing some “mighty lines” which England would unwillingly forget, had in due time secured his position as the second Shakespeare in the history of English literature.In the second place, ambition can bring one’s potentials to the full.Ambition may well serve as a catalyst activating one’s dormant potentials.Without ambition one’s potentials will remain slumbering like a dormant volcano.A case in point is Ms Zhang Haidi, a Chinese Helen Keller.It was her ambition to be a useful person has turned the almost paralyzed Zhang Haidi into a well-accomplished figure whose achievements would dwarf those of some normal people aim at the sun, though, at worst, they may probably land on the moon.Influential as it is upon us, however, ambition must be channeled in the right direction.If wrongly directed, one’s ambition may bring havoc on him and others.Hitler, whose ambition was to conquer Europe by whattever evil means, finally turned him into a demon.It was this demon that almost cast Europe into an unfathomable abyss of anguish and suffering.Another case is Macbeth whose ambition was to become the king of Scotland.However, his ambition was materialized by the murder of King Duncan.Consequently, unbearable guilt and psychological agony drove him to his tragic doom.To sum up, ambition can benefit us tremendously if wisely and correctly channeled, otherwise it may ruin others and ourselves.A poet says: life can be bad;life can be good;life can be dirty;life can be sad,;life can even be painful.In my mind’s eye, a person can make his life beautiful, meaningful and rewarding and stand out as a respectable personage if he is motivated by a well-orientated ambition.开篇模板1【51Test.NET专业英语四级八级考试】 这篇关于英语专业八级考试翻译技巧讲解，是无忧考网特地为大家整理的，希望对大家有所帮助！

英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中，也可以运用于口译过程中，而且应该用得更加熟练，因为口译工作的特点决定了译员没有更多的时间进行思考。

1增译法：

指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。

如：

（1）What about calling him right away？

马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？（增译主语和谓语）

（2）If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations．

要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！（增译主句）

（3）Indeed，the reverse is true

实际情况恰好相反。（增译名词）

（4）

Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights．

就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。（增译物主代词）

（5）While the magistrates were free to burn down house，the common people were forbidden to light lamps．

只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。

（增译连词）

（6）这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。

This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries．（增译介词）

（7）在人权领域，中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。

In the field of human rights，China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak．（增译暗含词语）

（8）三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。

Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind．（增译注释性词语）

2．省译法：

这是与增译法相对应的一种翻译方法，即删去不符合目标语思维习惯、语言习惯和表达方式的词，以避免译文累赘。增译法的例句反之即可。

又如：

（1）You will be staying in this hotel during your visit in Beijing．

你在北京访问期间就住在这家饭店里。（省译物主代词）

（2）I hope you will enjoy your stay here．

希望您在这儿过得愉快。（省译物主代词）

（3）中国政府历来重视环境保护工作。

The Chinese government has always attached great importance to environmental protection．（省译名词）

3． 转换法：

指翻译过程中为了使译文符合目标语的表述方式、方法和习惯而对原句中的词类、句型和语态等进行转换。具体的说，就是在词性方面，把名词转换为代词、形容词、动词；把动词转换成名词、形容词、副词、介词；把形容词转换成副词和短语。在句子成分方面，把主语变成状语、定语、宾语、表语；把谓语变成主语、定语、表语；把定语变成状语、主语；把宾语变成主语。在句型方面，把并列句变成复合句，把复合句变成并列句，把状语从句变成定语从句。在语态方面，可以把主动语态变为被动语态。如：

（1）我们学院受教委和市政府的双重领导。

Our institute is co－administrated by the States Education Commission and the municipal government．（名词转动词）

（2）Too much exposure to TV programs will do great harm to the eyesight of children．

孩子们看电视过多会大大地损坏视力。（名词转动词）

（3）由于我们实行了改革开放政策，我国的综合国力有了明显的增强。

Thanks to the introduction of our reform and opening policy，our comprehensive national strength has greatly improved．（动词转名词）

（4）I’m all for you opinion．

我完全赞成你的意见。（介词转动词）

（5）The reform and opening policy is supported by the whole Chinese people．

改革开放政策受到了全中国人民的拥护。（动词转名词）

（6）In his article the author is critical of man’s negligence toward his environment．

作者在文章中，对人类疏忽自身环境作了批评。（形容词转名词）

（7）In some of the European countries，the people are given the biggest social benefits such as medical insurance．

在有些欧洲国家里，人民享受最广泛的社会福利，如医疗保险等。（被动语态转主动语态）

（8）时间不早了，我们回去吧！

We don’t have much time left． Let’s go back．（句型转换）

（9）学生们都应该德、智、体全面发展。

All the students should develop morally，intellectually and physically．（名词转副词）

4． 拆句法和合并法：

这是两种相对应的翻译方法。拆句法是把一个长而复杂的句子拆译成若干个较短、较简单的句子，通常用于英译汉；合并法是把若干个短句合并成一个长句，一般用于汉译英。汉语强调意合，结构较松散，因此简单句较多；英语强调形合，结构较严密，因此长句较多。所以汉译英时要根据需要注意利用连词、分词、介词、不定式、定语从句、独立结构等把汉语短句连成长句；而英译汉时又常常要在原句的关系代词、关系副词、主谓连接处、并列或转折连接处、后续成分与主体的连接处，以及意群结束处将长句切断，译成汉语分句。这样就可以基本保留英语语序，顺译全句，顺应现代汉语长短句相替、单复句相间的句法修辞原则。如：

（1）Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the United States．

同中国加强合作，符合美国的利益。（在主谓连接处拆译）

（2）I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world．

我要感谢你们无与伦比的盛情款待。中国人民正是以这种热情好客而闻明世界的。（在定语从句前拆译）

（3）This is paarticularly true of the countries of the commonwealth，who see Britain’s membership of the Community a guarantee that the policies of the community will take their interests into account

英联邦各国尤其如此，它们认为英国加入欧共体，将能保证欧共体的政策照顾到它们的利益。（在定语从句前拆译）

（4）中国是个大国，百分之八十的人口从事农业，但耕地只占土地面积的十分之一，其余为山脉、森林、城镇和其他用地。

China is a large country with four－fifths of the population engaged in agriculture，but only one tenth of the land is farmland，the rest being mountains，forests and places for urban and other uses．（合译）

5．正译法和反译法：

这两种方法通常用于汉译英，偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译，是指把句子按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果，但反译往往更符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此比较地道。如：

（1）在美国，人人都能买到枪。

In the United States，everyone can buy a gun．（正译）

In the United States，guns are available to everyone．（反译）

（2）你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。

You can obtain this information on the Internet．（正译）

This information is accessible/available on the Internet．（反译）

（3）他突然想到了一个新主意。

Suddenly he had a new idea．（正译）

He suddenly thought out a new idea．（正译）

A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him．（反译）

（4）他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。

He still could not understand me．（正译）

Still he failed to understand me．（反译）

（5）无论如何，她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。

She can hardly be rated as a bright student．（正译）

She is anything but a bright student．（反译）

（6）Please withhold the document for the time being．

请暂时扣下这份文件。（正译）

请暂时不要发这份文件。（反译）

6．倒置法：

在汉语中，定语修饰语和状语修饰语往往位于被修饰语之前；在英语中，许多修饰语常常位于被修饰语之后，因此翻译时往往要把原文的语序颠倒过来。倒置法通常用于英译汉，即对英语长句按照汉语的习惯表达法进行前后调换，按意群或进行全部倒置，原则是使汉语译句安排符合现代汉语论理叙事的一般逻辑顺序。有时倒置法也用于汉译英。如：

（1）At this moment，through the wonder of telecommunications，more people are seeing and hearing what we say than on any other occasions in the whole history of the world．

此时此刻，通过现代通信手段的奇迹，看到和听到我们讲话的人比整个世界历史上任何其他这样的场合都要多。（部分倒置）

（2）I believe strongly that it is in the interest of my countrymen that Britain should remain an active and energetic member of the European Community．

我坚信，英国依然应该是欧共体中的一个积极的和充满活力的成员，这是符合我国人民利益的。（部分倒置）

（3）改革开放以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。

Great changes have taken place in China since the introduction of the reform and opening policy．

写作要点 1.审题

在写作考试中要写出符合题目要求，高质量的作文，第一步是审题。所谓审题，就是通过阅读写作题目及相关信息或要求，正确领会题目的含义，了解题目要求，为构思合乎具体写作要求的文章框架打下基础。

数年来八级写作项目已形成自身的特色。这个特色就是，该项目内的几个部分（观点、情景、标题、写作要求）具有内在的联系，从而构成一个整体。因此，审题就意味着不是仅仅浏览一个标题，而是要兼顾其它部分。只有这样，学生才能真正明确写作目的，领会写作要求。

以1997年的八级考试写作项目为例。该年的标题是 SOWING THE SEEDS，NURTURING GROWTH ANDHARVESTING THEREWARDS。如果我们孤立地看题目的话，就很难领会该篇作文的具体要求和目的。但是，一旦我们把标题与前面的情景与观点部分联系起来，这个标题的含义就变得清晰了：它要求学生用标题所含的耕作过程来比拟获得大学学业成就的过程。同时，对具体语篇模式的要求（即ANALOGY）也显示在这部分中间。至于对作文修辞框架的要求，则出现在标题下面的一段文字中。

总而言之，提高审题的准确性有利于学生理解题目含义，了解写作要求，进而有针对性地构思作文内容、布局等。然而，在历年写作阅卷中我们发现，审题有误仍是学生经常犯的错误之一。归纳起来有以下几点：

1）不熟悉八级写作的设计特点，以为只看标题即可着手写作。这常常导致在文章内容上出现严重偏差。

2）对情景观点部分的理解一知半解，未经仔细斟酌就提笔写作文。这往往会造成学生采用错误的语篇模式。

3）忽略写作项目中对作文修辞框架的提示。这容易使得作文思路或结构混乱或失衡。

2.行文的统一性和连贯性

一篇优秀的作文应该具有以下两个特点。就八级写作项目而言，这主要体现在作文的内容和框架上。按照写作要求，一篇合格的作文由三个部分组成。第一部分包括作者的论点（THE SISSTATEMENT）。论点应明确、清楚。第二部分是作文的主体。这部分的要求是通过恰当、合适的语篇模式（如：CAUSE ANDEFFECT，COMPARISON ANDCONTRAST，等等）来论证前面提出的论点。论证的过程要做到结构严谨、层次分明、合乎逻辑。要做到结构严谨，就需要学生在写作中抓住中心，并围绕中心展开讨论。结构严谨的作文同时也应是层次分明的作文。为了使论证过程具有说服力，作文应采用一种层次结构。

所谓层次结构指构成语篇的句子或者各段之间在逻辑意义上存在着一种主从关系，它们或者是解释关系，或者是因果关系，或者是总分关系。书卷语体通常属于这类结构，即一个语篇往往由不同层次的语段构成。此外，作文应有逻辑性，文中观点的阐述要合乎情理，观点之间的衔接要自然、顺畅。第三部分为作文的结尾。一篇思想内容完整的作文离不开一个好的结尾。一般来说，结尾部分的内容应为前面部分的总结。因此，这部分应与前面部分保持论点上的一致性和统一性。结尾部分忌讳的是牛头不对马嘴，前后没有连贯性，因而破坏作文的完整性。

3.语言的规范性和准确性

作文的思想内容都必须通过语言形式来表达。八级作文要求语言得体、通顺，无重大语法错误。如果作文句不成句，用词不当，语法错误连篇，就很难将作者的意图表达清楚。

但是，历年来的写作项目反映出学生在作文的统一性、连贯性和语言的规范性方面还普遍存在一些问题。概括起来有以下几点：

l）作文中的论点未展开。这主要表现为没有按照要求在第一部分中阐明观点，而是东拉西扯，写了与题目有关或无关的细节或现象。比如在以 INSUPPORT OF DORMITORYPOLICIES为题的作文中，一些学生不是开门见山地点明主题思想，而是列举了一些寝室里的情况或评论一些不良现象。最后由于篇幅有限，就在结束时提一句寝室制度就草草收尾。

2）作文结构不严谨，段落没有主题句，且句际段落关系不明显。这种现象在考生的作文中中带有一定的普遍性。有些学生在写作时没有理清思路，按照一定的逻辑框架写，而是想到什么就写什么，因此文章显得松散。

3）作文首尾不一致。作文开头与结尾部分内容衔接不上，或自相矛盾。

4）作文缺乏连贯性（COHERENCE）。在对历年考生作文的分析中，我们发现以下几个现象：A.差的作文中简单句多，而好的作文中则少；

B.差的作文中从句和连词出现的频率大大低于好的作文；

C.差的作文中各种照应的使用低于好的作文；

D.差的作文中关键词和同义／近义词出现的频率低于好的作文。

以上部分简单地讨论了八级写作项目的要求、预期达到的标准以及学生作文中反映出来的一些带有共性的问题。在结束之前，我们就如何提高写作能力谈几点看法：

1、写作能力的培养要从最基本的做起，一步一个脚印，扎实地进行基本功训练。

2、就八级写作项目而言，要提高驾驭文章整体思路的能力就要加强逻辑思维训练，通过各类写作手法的操练来提高这方面的能力。此外，要提高语言的准确性，学会使用各种语篇纽带，如 LOGICAL、GRAMMATICAL、SEMANTICCONNECTORS，使作文思路清晰，论点鲜明，例证充分，语言得体，真正达到写作的要求。

英译汉注意的问题

【51Test.NET-专业英语四级八级考试】

一、不合习惯的说法

不同的民族有不同的习惯和表达方法。一句话，一个词，在一个国家表达的是好意，引起人们好的联想和情感，在另一个国家转达的可能是坏意，引起人们不好的联想和情感。如果翻译不注意，就有可能引起误解或不快。而如果我们注意这些差异，在译文中加以运用，就可以收到较好的效果。在翻译不涉及政治、经济等重要问题，只涉及生活习惯、日常用语时，可以更灵活些，按照译入语的习惯说法表达意思。

1、见面问候

中国人见面时喜欢问：吃过了吗? Have you had breakfast(lunch, supper)?到哪去?Where areyougoing?这都不是外国人在见面问候时会问的问题。如果见面就问外国人“到哪里”，人家会以为你要了解人家的私事，对你会产生反感。外国人喜欢问：“你好吗?”这句话可以有不少表达方法，如How are you? How do you do ?How have you been doing?Hello!Hey!等。用哪一句来表达你的问候，取决于你与被问候人的关系密切程度。总之，这一类的问候语，直译可能会让人感到莫名其妙，还是按外国人的习惯翻译较好。

2、对病人的问候

中国人喜欢对病人深表同情。但外国人则轻易不愿表现出其弱的一面，对他们表达过分同情的话未必会收到好的效果。例如：中国人在听说一个人生病后可能会说：得知贵体欠佳，深感不安和关切。直译：I was rather disturbed by and concerned about yourillness.但这样翻译会使感到病情很重，只能加重病人的顾虑，达不到安慰病人的目的。按照英文的表达习惯，可译为：I am sorry tohear about your illness and wish you a speedyrecovery.这样翻译既表达了讲话者的难过心情，又表达了希望病人尽快康复的愿望。

3、对待他人的表扬和感谢

在受到表扬或感谢时，中国人往往比较谦虚，会说：“这没什么。”“这是我应该做的。”或者，“哪里，哪里，我还做得很差。”如果直译：It isnothing.This is my duty.This is what I should do.Well, I have notdone very well.There is still much to beimproved.所有这些谦恭的话，在外国人听起来，都会显得做作。西方人通常会说：It’s my pleasure.Thank you for your kind words.I feel flattered.翻译这些话时，宜根据西方的习惯来译。

4、迎接外宾时

中国人迎接远道而来的客人时常常会说：“一路上辛苦了。累不累?”You must have been tired after thelongflight(journey)而外国人喜欢在别人面前显得年轻、有朝气，不喜欢被人认为体弱，或有疲劳感。因此，上述问候话直译效果不好，可译成：How was the flight? Have you had a pleasant flight?或者You have had along flight.二、不够委婉的语气

有时有人讲话比较直率、唐突，直译可能会使人感到不太客气，甚至会失礼。译员应学习委婉说法，在翻译时把握好语气。但为外交斗争需要而使用针锋相对的语言除外。

例1 中国可作为贵国资源性产品的稳定市场，同时中国的许多工业产品可满足贵国市场的需要。

直译：Your resource-based products can find a stable market in China andChinese industrial products can meet the needs of yourmarket.这么直译也许会让人担心，以为我们的工业品要去占领他们的市场。同样的意思可以翻得更客气一些。如：You may find astable market in China for your primary products and may also get anumber of industrial products from China to meet some of your needs.例2 我想向大家介绍一下你们所关心的经济问题。

直译：I wish to talk on China’s economic development in which you are interested.这样翻译，显得讲话者太肯定听众会对他所讲内容感兴趣。尽管讲话者知道听众是有兴趣的，但说得客气气一点效果更好。可译为：I would liketo brief you on China’s economic development, which might be ofinterest to you.另外，我们打交道的人大多是上层人士，我们必须学会使用礼貌文雅的语言，否则，会产生距离、反感，从而失去朋友，有损我形象。

1974年，加拿大“白求恩纪念委员会”访华代表团中有一位团员对我接待官员说，我方翻译像警察，原因是那天早晨，翻译到他房间对他说： Youhave breakfast at 8, get your luggage downstairs at 8:30 and leave herefor the airport at 9.OK?语言简单、生硬、不礼貌，给外宾留下了不好的印象。建议对外宾说：Breakfast is at8.Would you please get your luggage downstairs at 8:30?we are going toleave here for the airport at 9.曾有一位女翻译招呼外宾时，大声喊叫“Hello”而不知道说：“Excuse me”，在宣布事情时总是：Attentionplease.而不是说：Ladies and Gentlemen, may I have your attentionplease.结果一位外宾对此感到不快，说：I don’t want to talk to that wildgirl.要人帮忙时，我们时常会说：你能告诉我到×××地方怎么走吗?你能说英语吗?等。如果英文译成：Can you tell me howto get to……?Can you speakEnglish?那将是很不客气的问话。对方会以为你怀疑他的能力。因为英文字can表示能力。如果改为could,含义就不同了。可以译为：Couldyou please tell me how to get……? Do you speakEnglish?一个陌生人问你如何去某地时，你很可能传说：“最好坐公共汽车去。”如将这句话译为You’d better take abus,听起来不够礼貌。因为You’d better……这个句型含有You have a duty to do something,或Youhave an obligation to…的意思。是一种命令语气，常用于晚辈或下属。因此，这样翻译不够礼貌。这句话有许多客气的表达方法。

如：I suggest you take a bus.It might be better to take a bus.Perhaps you might like to take a bus.Why not take a bus?

I think the best way is by bus.总之，我们翻译工作者必须学会礼貌用语，委婉表达法。中国驻悉尼总领事段津在谈到对外往的沟通艺术时曾介绍了一些礼貌用语。如：在对别人的意见表示不同看法时可以说：

I have to disagree with you, but I would think…或者Well, there’s apoint in what you said, but …对某件事表示不同意见时，可以说：Would it not be betterif…请别人帮忙时，可以说：Could you do me a favour, 或者Excuse me ,I have aproblem,…等等。在绝别人要求时，可以说：I am afraid it doesn’t work.或者I wonder whetherit will work, but I’ll try my best.一些学识渊博、经验丰富的外交官非常善于使用委婉客气的语气来表达不同意见。譬如，一个外国代表团在一次国际会议上，是这样对一个国际会议领导职位侯选人的提名表示不同意见的。他说：

“As an experienced Minister with a distinguished record of service,we are confident that he has all the attributes to be an outstandingpresident of this Conference…but I have to place before you some of thereservations that we have about this nomination.If I may, I will sharewith you some of our concerns.Such a presidency will be misread bythose outside the ILO as signaling that…”

可以译为：他是一位有经验的部长，并做出了出色的成绩。我们相信，他完全具有条件，可以成为一个杰出的会议主席。但是，我不是不陈述我们对于这一提名的保留意见。请允许我向你们谈谈我们所关注的一些问题。这一主席的提名会被国际劳工组织以外的人误解为发出一个……的信号。”这位团长既清楚地表达了反对意见，但又讲得非常委婉、客气。这些表达方法很值得我们学习、借鉴。

三、动词使用不当

英语动词往往有其特定的用法。如不熟悉，就会出错。以下仅举两例来说明动词的不同形态、类型。

例1 Welcome

中文中经常会出现，“欢迎某人做某事”的句子，按中文语序翻译这样的句子，往往会出现中式英文。北京长安街两个大饭店门前大牌子上有两条表示欢迎的大标语：“北京欢迎您”、“国际饭店欢迎您”。同时又用英语书写了这两条标语的意思：

Beijing Is Waiting for You(北京正等着您)和International Hotel WelcomesYou.中国民航赠送的挎包上曾印有中、英文的欢迎词：欢迎乘坐中国民航，Welcome you to flyCAAC.英语中的“欢迎”通常使用”welcome"这个词。Welcome作动词时有两种形式可用：动词+宾语，动词+宾语+副词短语。

习惯上可以译为welcome somebody to somewhere,或welcome to aplace.显然上述译法不符合这个英文词的通常表达习惯。应译为：Welcome to Beijing, Welcome toInternational Hotel 和Welcome to fly CAAC。如要翻译“欢迎贵国工商界人士到中国去投资”，不能译为：Wewelcome people from the business community of your country to makeinvestment in China.可译为：i)People from the business community here inthis country are welcome to make investment in China.或ii)We hope thatpeople from the business community here in this country will go andinvest in China.四、禁语的译法

任何社会都会有一些要求大家遵循的行为准则。如：公共场合不准吸烟、不准乱扔果皮纸屑、不准大声喧哗等。有些单位还根据本单位情况制定一些规则。如何翻译禁语是需要注意的又一个重要问题。中文禁语比较严肃，用词直截了当，以体现其法律效力。而外国人有时以比较婉转的口吻表达同样的意思。我们应尽量以译入语禁语的习惯表达方式来翻译禁语，并力求简洁。请比较下述两例的两种译法，第一种译法是我国一些地方标出的译文。第二种译法是建议译文。

例1 禁止拍照

Forbid photograph

No Photos

例2 禁止吸烟

Forbid Smoking

No Smoking或者Thank you for not smoking.