专八考试技巧

第一篇：专八考试技巧

1）首句和尾句法：经我多年研究，阅读中的每一段的第一句和最后一句加起来就是后面5个问题的60%的答案所在地，把每一个名词和动词用铅笔划出来）

2）作者态度题和单词互换题。（作者态度一般都是中立和积极向上的，单词互换一定要选择最简单的，因为给出的单词就是文中很难的词）

3）阶梯和长短选题法（这个要面授才可以懂得如何运用）

4）关键题回归法，每个问题都会有一个名词，把这个名回到回文中找（注意，找的时候一定要找它的同义词和相近词），它所在的句子一般就是答案。

5）作者引用，大写字母，THAT,WHICH ,AS 等句型是必考内容。作文是最能体现一个人的综合水平，词汇，语法和思想。下面的作文思路是我多年研究所总结出的，同学们务必记住每一段所要包括的内容，每写出来的句子不可以少于7个单词（一但你写出来的句子少于7个单词，作文是不可能取得高分，这也是上海外国语大学改卷老师所要求的），每天坚持写作文，题目可以看下往年真题，我推荐一个方法就是背，然后用自己的话写出来。下面的都是曾经考过的作文，看看我是怎样写思路的。

(必要作文思路)what is your ambition?

第1段：Ambition is the decision one that makes resolution and carries out into action.It is a burning desire to achieve any tasks and mission in our life.Shakespeare put it, “one who has no ambition that means one

who has no soul.” Indeed, once we make up our minds to accomplish our goals, then our life becomes meaningful, which almost have a bearing on all aspects of life.1，主题定义。2，延伸主题（解释）3，引用名人名言（自编）4，对名人名言的态度（赞成还是反对）5，主题的影响（国家，社会，个人等方面）

第2段：First aspect, ambition offers us a sense of mission(观点一和例证一)

In the second place, ambition can bring one’s potentials to the full play.（观点二和例证二)

Last but not the least,（观点三和例证三）

对比观点（好与坏）

第3段： To sum up1）自己的独特看法

2）主题的意义

3）问题的存在和解决方法

What I Have Learnedat University

The development of an individual human existence can be divided into several important stages.But no period can be more influential upon the later course of our life than the years we have experienced in college.Here is the cradle of intelligentsia with vision, mission and passion.And now, as I am ready to leave campus and face the real world, I dare say that no other place can teach me more.I am very proud that in university I have learnt how important it is for one to have vision, that ability to see ahead of time and possibly others.College has raised me up, so that I could enjoy a broader view of the world.University Library, the sanctuary of mind always keeps me in a close touch with the great thoughts of giants, Shakespeare, Russell, Churchill, Roosevelt, to name only a few.All these overwhelmingly famous names have turned familiar and friendly here.These great minds teach me how to live a meaningful life.They warn me that the last but greatest enemy for mankind is human existence itself.Their words of wisdom shall guide and guard me overcome all the obstacles beset in the course of my life.In the light of this statement, I have to say that college years have brightened up my vision.It is at university that I have acquired an added understanding of the meaning of mission i.e.man should have shoulders strong enough to take more responsibilities of the time.College has enriched me,so that I, to some extent, have discovered the truth to live by.When I was a sophomore, I was chosen a volunteer for the Red CrossInstitution.My job, then, was to assist the doctor with the bloodcollecting in a blood donation car on the street.Those daysbestowed me with a moving but a little bit singular picture, inwhich the painful injection and hearty smile are perfectly and

beautifully combined.Every parcel of blood means a piece of hope,through which I see that the possession of life lies in sharing.This is how college years has defined my mission.It is after some years at university that I have better apprehendedTonybee when he said, “Glory belongs to those who are actually in the arena, fighting passionately whilst showing every now and thenmistakes or shortcomings.” I have understood the spirit of

transcending myself, sometimes even in a crazy way.If youth is the freshness of the deep springs of life, then college must be the

fountain of passion.It cheers in the chaos of gym;it hides in thesilence of lab.During the college years, I never stopped pursuingmy own dream, because I never fail to be inspired by the flowingcurrent of young passion.Lawrence H.Summers, former President of Harvard said in hisfarewell speech, “College graduates, capable of deep reflections are what the world needs.” Living in a world of madding crowd, a group,or even a small group of people are expected to remain

transcendental and sober.If any can live up to so high a standardof existence, college graduates can.And I am fortunate in beingamong them at this moment and having spared little time cultivating my vision, mission and passion in the past four years.With these, I have better courage to change myself and most probably better

preparation for my future.第1段列举了四位名人的思想对本人的影响；第2段讲了自己在大二期间做志愿者的经历，真实感人，证明mission的重要性；第3段引用了历史学家汤恩比（Tonybee）的名段讲了passion（激情）对人生的影响；最后一段，再引哈佛大学前任校长Summers（现任奥巴马内阁成员）的演讲进一步深化了主题。当然，此文如果在遣词造句方面再下一定功夫，就会更加完美！

成功不是必然的,一定要有方法,要坚持,我在全国讲学,看到很多同学很容易放弃,一遇到问题就躲避.我不会定义成功,但我会定义失败,那就是放弃,就算你没有通过也没关系,成功不在乎你失败多少次,不在乎你跌倒了多少次,而是你最后一次有没有站起来.记住你是最强的。

第二篇：专八翻译技巧总结

专八翻译

第一章

考题基本规律

所有考题均围绕人文话题，从未出现科学技术方面的考题。

·英译汉要求高于汉译英要求，前者只要“达意”，后者则还要“传神”。

·首选顺译，不会出大错。

·英译汉，直译为主；汉译英，意译为主；时间紧迫，可以“译述”。

·用两种文化去思维，比如在英翻中时不能随意套用汉语成语。

·其他注意事项：

1，不要遗漏或曲解原文信息。

2，词汇、句式恰当而多变。

3，与原文风格一致。

4，翻译头几句要格外用心，提高印象分。

第二章

汉译英翻译技巧

一，词的翻译

1，词义选择

（1）

语境词

手机刷新了人与人的关系。

Cell phone has altered the relationship among people.（2）

表意模糊的词 这所全国重点大学为社会输送了大批的人才。

The national key university has prepared batches of qualified graduates for the society.（3）

比喻词汇

老师答应给这几个学生“开小灶”。

The teacher promised to give these students special tuition.2，词义转换：英语的静态性和抽象性决定其出现名词化和介词化的倾向。

（1）动词转名词

吃头两个菜时，也是赞不绝口。

You will be full of praise while eating the first main courses.（2）动词转介词

这样，每个地方都有自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来。

Thus, every place, with its own legends and tales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.（3）动词转形容词

所以人们对于大自然，全都一致并且深深地依赖着。

Therefore, everyone has become unanimously and profoundly dependent on Nature.（4）形容词副词转名词

只有这些生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。

…leaving there living thins to enjoy this moment of dusk with full ease and freedom.（5）名词转动词

大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等。

People, poor or rich, are equally favored by Nature.3，词的增补

（1）语法需要：增补的词多为冠词、名词、代词、连词、介词。

面对一池碧水，将忧心烦恼全抛到一边，使自己的身心得到充分休息。

When facing a pool of green water, you forgot all your worries and annoyance and enjoy a good rest, both mentally and physically.在我所呆的三年半中，共有14位学生被招进了他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。

During the three and a half years I stayed at the lab, a total of 14 students were recruited to his lab, but only 5 of them got their doctor’s degrees at last.（2）意思表达需要

世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新概念的博物馆。

The third generation museums in the world are run on entirely new concepts.（3）文化背景解释的需要

黄鼠狼给鸡拜年。

The weasel goes to pay his respects to the hen——not with the best of wishes.4，词的减省

于是转喜为怒，转赞美为责备挑剔，转首肯为摇头。

Then happiness turns to anger, praise to scolding and nit-picking, and head-nodding to head-shaking.用点画成线，用线画成平面，用平面画成立体。

With points you can make a line;with lines, planes;with planes, solids.5，词的替代

（1）名词成分替代：用代词替代重复出现的名词（this/that/all/both/none/some/any/who/which/whose）；用名词性代词替代重复出现的名词（enough/half/the former/the latter/the one）；同义词替代。

另一种方法是化学方法。

Another method is the chemical approach.（2）谓语成分替代

你说他很勤奋，他确实很勤奋。

You say he is diligent, so he is.成绩有双重性，错误也有双重性。

Achievement has a dual character, so do mistakes.（3）分句替代

你会来出席会议吗？假如不出席会议，请及早通知我们。

Will you attend the meeting? If not, please notice us as soon as possible.二，句子翻译

1，确立主干

（1）

确立主语

·避免主语机械对应

这个地区雨比较多。

It rains a lot in this area.·方位词或时间词在主语位置

山下住着一位老妇人。

There lives an old lady at the foot of the mountain.·用it做主语翻译主语是复合结构的汉语

信不信是你的事。

It is your concern whether you believe me or not.最好是等他们回来。

It is advisable to wait till they come back.勤能补拙

It is diligence that makes for deficiency.（2）确立谓语：英语的动词通常只能由某个动词或者系表结构担任。

在人际关系上我们不要太浪漫主义。

We shouldn’t be too romantic about personal relationship.当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。

As long as he is living, he always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream his life away, let alone waste even a single moment of life.2，语序调整

（1）定语的位置：英语中，单词充当定语时多为前置，短语和从句充当定语时多为后置。

钓鱼是一项能陶冶性情的运动，有益于身心健康。

Fishing is an outdoor sport that can cultivate your mind and it is good for your mental and physical health.（2）状语的位置

他是1970年5月20日在北京朝阳区出生的。

He was born in Chaoyang District of Beijing on May 20, 1970.（3）汉英语言叙事重心不同：汉语先叙事，后表态或评论，以突出话题，这叫主题句。汉译英有时会译为掉尾句，即先表态或评论，后叙事，以突出主语。

万一有什么困难，给我们一个信。

Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.（4）汉英语言强弱词语的顺序不同：英语遵循前轻后重，前简后繁的原则。

救死扶伤，实行革命的人道主义。

Heal the wounded, rescue the dying, practice the revolutionary humanitarianism.一霎时，一阵被人摒弃，为世所遗忘的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。

In no time, I was thrown into a feeling of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and abandoned by the rest of the world and could not help crying my heart out.（5）否定的转移

不是所有的金属都具有同样好的导电性能。

All metals do not conduct electricity equally well.我的朋友都不吸烟。

None of my friends smoke.（6）习惯用法

衣食住行是老百姓关心的大问题。

Food, clothing, shelter and transportation are the biggest concern of the common people.他饥寒交迫，吃了不少苦。

He suffered a great deal from cold and hunger.3，正反互换（1）汉语正说，英语反译

那个房间总是关着的。

The windows of that room were never open.（2）汉语反说，英语反译

·汉语用“无、不、没、非”等词表示全部否定，在英语中可用no, not, none, nothing, nor, neither等词以及否定前缀、后缀等来对应翻译。

学习外语离不开好的词典。

A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.·汉语用“决不、永不、从不”等词表示绝对否定，在英语中可用never, not at all, by no means等进行对译。

在任何情况下我们都不应该放弃希望。

Under no circumstances should we give up our hope.·汉语用“并非总是”“不是太”等表示部分否定，在英语中可用not every, not much, not always等进行对译。

·汉语中用“几乎不、很少”等表示半否定，在英语中可用barely, hardly, seldom等进行对译。

（3）汉语反说，英语正译：英语中有一类词形式上是肯定的，但意义上是否定的，在翻译汉语否定句时，可以直接使用。

生活远非净是乐事。

Life is far from being a bed of roses.风景没得无以言表。

The scenery is too beautiful to describe.（4）双重否定的翻译：汉译英的双重否定用“否定词+not”来处理。

所有规则都有例外。

没有你的帮助，我是不能按时完成这一工作的。

But for your help, I should not have finished the work in time.人不会不犯错误。

It is impossible but that a man will make some mistakes.4，语态对译

（1）汉语中的许多隐性被动结构在英译文中药转为显性。

推荐我的是一位教授。

I was recommended by a professor.（2）汉语泛称如“有人”、“大家”等做主语时，英译时多使用被动结构；含有“据说”等不定人称的词语时，通常比较固定的用被动结构进行英译中。

（3）汉语表示被动的句子在译为英语时，也可能转为主动句：一是表示“开始”、“结束”意义的不及物动词；二是表示“移位”、“运转”意义的动词；三是无灵主语的动作正在进行时。

蔬菜正在锅里做着。

The vegetables are cooking.5，长句翻译

（1）原序对译：针对单一主语长句，关键是分清逻辑中心和层次。

我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片喧闹。

Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain of my small room, only to spy a bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the gardon.最为常见的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼镜盯着手机屏幕发短信，他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。

We are very familiar with the scene when a person suddenly stopped his/her steps to edit short messages with eyes glued at the phone, not caring about his/her stopping in the road center or beside the restroom.中华民族自古以来从不把人看作高于一切，在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界与万物占着一个比例恰当的地位，而非绝对统治万物的主宰。

Chinese people has never regarded human being as the highest creature among everything else since ancient times, whose behavior in both philosophy and arts take a rather appropriate proportion with all others in the natural world, but not as an absolute dominant ruler.（2）分句合译

它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。

Hardly any of them cares to look up and throws a glance at the beautiful twilight.一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？

Could there be any standards to evaluate the meaning of one’s life?

（3）断句分译

一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，霎时宾客云集，笑语四溢。

One spring evening, my parents held a banquet in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom.Instantly, a crowd of guests gathered together and their laughter was heard all over there.（4）主、次信息句

在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业早日完成。

At the turn of century, as our motherland is becoming more prosperous and powerful, people across the Straits will strengthen their exchanges, and work together to realize the cause of the reunification of our motherland.5，无主句

但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看待他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。

However, if we, on the whole, can find out whether his attitude towards his life is serious or not and what is his attitude towards his life and work, it would not be difficult to make an appropriate evaluation of the meaning of one’s life.三，段落翻译

1，段落的衔接：运用连接词、替代词、指称语、特定冠词，体现语篇性。

有水有鱼的地方大都是好环境的，好环境便会给人好心情。

A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.2，段落的连贯

大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等，所以人们对于自然，全都一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。

People, poor or rich, are equally favored by Nature.Therefore human beings, with no exception, have been deeply dependant on it.This is particularly true in the country side where people have been living in the same styles for thousands of years.3，段落的文体

我们的扬子江、黄河，可以代表我们的民族精神，扬子江及黄河遇见沙漠、遇见山峡都是浩浩荡荡的往前流过去，以成其浊流滚滚，一泻千里的魄势。

The Yangtze River and the Yellow River are both the symbolic of our national spirit.The two mighty rivers negotiate desserts and gorges until their turbid torrents surge forward with irresistible force.台湾海峡局势复杂、严峻，李登辉悍然抛出所谓“两国论”的分裂主张，台湾当局新领导人对一个中国原则采取回避和模糊的态度，台湾分裂势力图谋以各种形式把台湾从中国分割出去，严重破坏了海峡两岸和平统一的前提和基础。这是造成台湾海峡局势紧张的根本原因。

Taiwan Straits situation is now complicated and grim and the tension across the Straits has been created by the so-called “two-states” theory flagrantly dished out in an attempt to split the country by Lee Teng-hui, the former illegal “president” of Taiwan, and the evasive and obscure attitude of the new leaders of the Taiwan authorities towards the One-China principle as well as Taiwan separatist forces’ scheme of splitting the island province from China in one form or another, which have seriously undermined the preconditions and foundation for peaceful reunification across the Straits.第三章 英译汉翻译技巧

一，词的翻译

1，词义选择

（1）根据词性选择词义

Writers can not bear the fact that poet John Keats died at 26, and only half playfully judge their own lives as failures when they pass that year.诗人约翰·济慈26岁便溘然长逝，文人们对此难以接受。然而他们自己过了26岁时，却半开玩笑地认为自己的生命是失败的。

（2）根据词的使用场合及上下文联系选择词义

Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos.科技的进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲。（3）根据词的搭配和习惯选择词义

Winners do not play “helpless”, nor do they play the blaming game.赢家绝不会摆出一副无助的样子，更不会玩弄推卸责任的游戏。

2，词义引申

（1）具体引申

We have ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worst.我们有能力化解这场危机，避免其往最坏的方向发展。（2）抽象引申

Because once you know how you are and how other people see you, you can then get into the driver’s seat.因为一旦你了解了自己的状况以及别人对你的看法，你就能掌握主动权。

3，词类转换

（1）名词转动词

The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty.游戏的种种规则就是将困难武断地强加于人。（2）介词转动词

Victory at all costs——victory in spite of all terrors——for without victory there is no survival.不惜一切代价去夺取胜利——不惧一切恐怖去夺取胜利——因为没有胜利就不能生存下去。（3）形容词转动词

Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge.赢家无惧于运用自己的知识进行独立思考。

4，词的增加

（1）使语义完整

In his classical novel, “The Pioneers”, James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, with his cousin on a tour of the city he is building.詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀在他的经典小说《拓荒者》一书中，描述了主人公——一个地产开发商，带着表妹游览一座他正在建造的城市的情景。（2）补出原文省略部分

Beyond all that is the profound significance of children to the very institution of the family itself.除了上述原因之外，子女对于家庭这一制度本身也有着极其深远的意义。（3）传达语法含义

A U-2 pilot also carried a shaving kit, civilian clothes, pictures of his wife, some gold coins, watches and rings„

U-2型驾驶员还带了一套修面工具，几件衣服，几张妻子的照片，一些金币、手表和戒指„„

5，词的删减

（1）结构性删词

Although pure science usually has no apparent connection with technology, it does lend itself to the development of applied science.理论科学虽然通常与技术没有明显的联系，但确实有助于应用科学的发展。（2）修辞性删词

There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead.天未下雪，但叶落草枯。

二，句的翻译

1，句序调整

（1）主语重心变为主题重心

The last time universities experienced such far-reaching change in information processing was during the last quarter of the 19th century and the first quarter of the 20th century.在信息处理方面，高等院校上一次深远的变革发生在19世纪后期和20世纪前期的50年间。（2）前置重心变为后置重心

I’m lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up.只有在我过于劳累时，在我长时间无间断地工作时，或是在我感到内心空虚需要充实的时候，我才会感到孤独。

（3）衔接手段连接变为时间顺序铺陈

I came back yesterday from Hong Kong where I had spent two weeks vacation after the completion of the construction job I had been in charge of in the south.我在南方负责一项工程建设，任务完成后，我到香港度了两周的假，昨天刚刚回家。（4）无灵主语变为人称主语

Our world is bursting of knowledge——but desperately in need of wisdom.我们正处于一个知识泛滥、却极度缺乏智慧的世界之中。（5）状语位序的调整

PC industry has developed rapidly all over the world during the past 20 years.个人电脑产业在过去二十年里在世界各地得到了迅速发展。（6）定语位序的调整

A smart machine such as this one would be capable of helping people in a variety of professions.这样聪明的机器将能够为各行各业的人们提供帮助。

2，语态转译

（1）被动句变主动句 He is respected by everybody.人人都尊敬他。

（2）被动句变泛称句

I was told not to trust what I read in the newspaper.有人告诉我不要相信报纸上的消息。（3）被动句变无主句

Great efforts should be made to inform young people especially the dreadful consequences of taking up the habit.应该尽最大努力告诫年轻人吸烟的危害，特别是染上烟瘾后的严重后果。

3，正反转换

（1）英语正说，汉语反译

If you hang back, and reserve and criticize at first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read.如果读书伊始便固步自封、处处设防。甚至批评挑剔，那么你就无法尽可能多地从阅读中获得最大的价值。

（2）英语反说，汉语正译 I didn’t give up hope completely.我仍抱一丝希望。

4，长句翻译（1）断句法

As he walked away, he turned for one last glimpse of her in the doorway, tiny and smiling and waving good-bye.当他离开时，他回过头来看了她最后一眼。只见她站在门口，体态娇小，面带微笑，挥手向他告别。

（2）缩合法

American women have come a long way on the road toward a role for women which is as dignified and responsible as the one assigned to men.美国妇女为了争取与男人同等的崇高而又富有责任感的社会角色，已经取得了很大进步。

三，语篇翻译

1，语篇衔接：由英语中的手段性衔接转化为汉语的词汇性衔接。

At any given moment the traveler could find examples in both of the same architecture, the same style in dress, the same books on the shelves.旅行者在美国和欧洲随时都可以看到类似的东西，诸如风格相同的建筑。款式相似的服饰，书架上也摆着相同的书籍。

2，语篇连贯：构成不同成分之间的语义关联。

He finds that students who were easy to teach, because they succeeded in putting what they had been taught into practice, hesitate when confronted with the vast untouched area of English vocabulary and usage which falls outside the scope of basic text books.学生们最初很容易教，因为他们能把教他们的东西付诸实践，现在教师却发现他们面对着大量未曾接触过的英语词汇和习惯用法而踌躇起来，因为这些词汇和习惯用法都是基础教科书所没有涉及的内容。

3，语篇文体：英译汉以议论文居多，翻译要注重保持其逻辑性。

It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules.下棋的时候，如果你不受规则约束、随心所欲地改变那些全然武断的游戏规则，你会更容易赢棋。然而，下棋的乐趣在于按照规则取得胜利。

We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.我们所面临的将是一场极其严峻的考验，将是一场旷日持久的斗争和苦难。

第三篇：2014专八考试的注意事项

TEM8-2014 网上评卷考生提醒（上外考试中心）

1.2014年TEM8统测继续实行网上评卷，请考生仔细阅读答题卡上的注意事项，并按注意事项的有关规定执行；

2.请自行检查书写和填涂用笔：选择题必须用正规的2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用黑色字迹签字笔（0.5mm）书写，确保填写的字迹清晰（考生作答不得使用圆珠笔或其他颜色墨水笔）；

3.答题卡下发后，如果发现答题卡出现破碎、内容空白、印刷歪斜、模糊等情况，考生应立刻提出换卡，监考教师负责更换；

4.正式答题前。考生务必用黑色字迹签字笔填写自己的准考证号、姓名和学校；再用2B铅笔把对应准考证号码的标号涂黑；

5.考生不得填涂缺考、违纪项，违者责任自负；

6.选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂，使用其它笔填涂无效，修改时要用橡皮擦干净；每题只能填涂一个答案，多填不得分；

7.非选择题必须使用黑色字迹签字笔在规定的答题区域内作答，超出红色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效。（请注意书写的字迹要清晰工整、大小合适、字距和行距适当）；

8.非选择题部分的答案如需修改，可用修改符号将部分书写内容划去，然后紧挨着在其后面、上方或下方写出新的答案，修改后的答案与正文一样不得超过该题答题区域的红色矩形边框，否则修改的答案无效；

9.严禁使用涂改胶带纸改错或用透明胶带纸粘扯需要修改的内容；

10.严禁在答题卡上的图象定位点（黑方块）周围进行任何涂写、作答和标记；其他在答题卡上有明确规定不许答题的地方，也不得作答；

11.保持答题卡的清洁和平整，不得折叠和破损；

12.凡违反上述规定，造成无法评阅试卷者，后果自负；

13.正确的答题方式和技巧将有利于考生避免失分，希望广大考生掌握正确的答题方式和技巧，考出好成绩。

我校关于2014年专业八级考试的补充规定

1.务必严肃考纪考风，严肃处理一起形式的违纪行为；

2.今年我校专八考试全部在10号楼5、6楼教室进行，统一使用音频播放，请广大考生务

必自备音频接收机或收音机。

3.考生务必出示准考证和身份证（二者缺一不可，本校10级学生可用学生证代替身份证，其他考生必须同时出示身份证）；

4.考试过程中必须关闭并上交通讯设备，考试过程中一经，则视为舞弊行为；

5.考试过程中的试卷和答题卡发放与回收时间以监考老师的指令为准；

6.考试开始直至结束前，任何考生都不得提前离开考点，考试过程中因故暂时离开考场，必须征得监考老师同意并陪同。

7.再次强调：携带音频接收机，2B铅笔，黑色签字笔，不得随意填涂，严禁使用涂改液、透明胶。

8.周三至周五（3月19-21日）连续三天14：30-17：00学校进行调频台试音，请同学们

提前调试音频接收机。注：考试过程中没有备用接收机或收音机。

祝全体考生取得优异成绩！

外语学院

2014-03-17

第四篇：专八改错技巧个人整理,超齐全

校对与改错是英语专业八级考试的第二部分。该部分采用主观测试题型。该项目包含两个部分：答题要求和一篇要求修改的短文。答题要求部分说明修改短文的三种方法：加入、删去和改动某一单词，并举例说明。要求修改的短文长度为200字左右。短文的体裁和题材不超出学生所熟悉的范围。短文内含10个错误；错误都出现在标有题号的行内。错误一般涉及单个词；每行只出现一个错误。要求修改的单词既有功能词（如介词、冠词等），也有实义词（动词、名词等）。错误既涉及句内也涉及句际。?

校对与改错部分的测试目的是检查学生在实际语境中灵活运用语言的能力。该项目考查学生的语法和词汇知识，但更侧重评估学生的综合语言能力。校对改错部分要求学生在15分钟内找出10个错误，并根据要求用三种方法之中的一种改正错误。这一部分要求考生掌握三种知识：?

1、语法知识

众所周知，英语语言能力包括众多因素，其中之一是语法知识。没有系统的语法知识，学习者就很难全面、准确地以口头或书面的形式表达思维或意念。对于把英语作为外语的学生来说，语法知识的掌握尤为重要，因为它有助于提高语言的准确性、逻辑性。鉴于此，校对改错项目的一个测试点是检验高年级学生语法知识的掌握程度及其运用能力。一般地说，该项目中要求改正的错误里包括一些语法错误。例如：?

定语从句（1996年第三题），?

情态动词（1997年第一题），?

冠词（1997年第九题），?

介词（1998年第四题），?

反身代词（1998年第六题），等等。

校对改错项目要求学生运用已学过的语法知识，来判断句子的正误，找出语病，并作修正。这里要强调的一点是，八级考试的这个项目不是孤立地测试学生的语法知识；它更偏重学生运用语法知识的能力，即怎样把书本知识转化成实际能力。因此，对于学生来说，在平时一要巩固已学过的语法知识，理清概念；二要注重提高运用语言知识解决具体问题的能力。?

2.词汇与搭配

校对改错项目的另一测试点是学生对常用词汇、搭配和用法的了解及运用。比如：

外层空间应为outer space，而不是out space（1996年第 5题），?

做动作应为 perform an act，而不是 make an act（1997年第 8题），?

姿式应为posture，而不是post（1997年第10题），?

站起来应为 get to their feet，而不是get on their feet（1998年第 4题），等等。

词汇测试面涵盖各类词性的词，同时侧重考核它们的搭配与用法。归根结底，词汇测试部分主要是检验高年级学生在词汇方面是否达到英语专业高年级教学大纲所规定的要求。词汇的积累不是一朝一夕即可完成的，它需要在平时的学习过程中逐步积累，积少成多。因此，对于学生来说，平时自己在学习中要注意扩大、巩固已有的词汇量，这点是非常重要的。同时，在学习、掌握词汇的过程中，特别要注意提高自己灵活运用词汇的能力。?

3.篇章结构

在第1、第2点中我们提到校对改错项目的两个测试点：语法和词汇。同时我们也再三强调，这个项目尽管涉及以上两点的评估，但它不是简单、孤立地检验学生的语法词汇知识。

该项目仍着眼于语言的运用。也就是说，该项目旨在测试在具体语境或上下文中使用语法或词汇的能力。在校对改错这个特定的考试环境中，它所提供的具体语境或上下文是一篇200来字的短文。这篇短文由十来个在意义上相关联的句子构成；而需要修改的语病都出现在这些意义上相互关联的句中。鉴于这个特点，学生就要从篇章结构这个角度去判断句子的正误。也就是说，学生要跳出单句的框架，从语段（表达一相关层次意思的句子组合）的角度来进行判断。??

从语篇角度看，校对改错项目内的错误可大致分为两类：?

1）句内错误：一般对此类错误的判断无须超越句子本身。如：?

96年试卷的第6题?

water rising away from the depths of the earth during（6）_____?

（删去away）?

1999年试卷的第4题

hour of hunting yields in average about 100 edible calories（4）____

（把in 改成 on）

2）句际错误：对此类错误的判断要基于上下文之上，也就是牵涉到句与句之间的关系了。如：?

1997年试卷的第5题?

departure．This is what his body wants to do，therefore（5）____

（把therefore 改成but）?

1999年试卷的第5题

as an hour of gathering produces 240．（5）____

（把as改成while）

对第二类错误的判断要求学生从篇章角度出发，把文中的句子看作表达一完整意思的有机体。只有这样，学生才能找出错误所在。?

在历年的考试中，学生大都能判断出第一类错误，而对第二类错误（句际错误）的判断准确率就相对较低。历年试卷中难易度系数偏低的题目也大都为此类错误。因此，学生平时要加强对篇章的理解能力的训练，了解、熟悉篇章结构的特点：语段内句子之间的关系、语段之间的关系；它们的类别；各种不同关系的表示法，等等。只有在此基础上，学生才能灵活正确地使用语言知识，做到准确答题。

第五篇：2013年英语专八考试作文

2013年英语专八考试作文范文

Is a sound social environment necessary for people to be good to others Helping others has always been a virtue in traditional Chinese culture, but nowadays many people dare not offer help to those in need, for fear of getting into trouble.The issue has aroused public debate over the climate of morality and credibility, and many people sigh over the moral degeneration.In my opinion, while social environment is necessary zk.hushine.comfor people to be good to others, each individual should try his or her best to do good deeds and be sympathetic with others, instead of waiting for the environment to improve.There is no denying that some tragic events turn out to be traps by people with evil intentions, so people are becoming more risk-conscious and are more wary of traps and deceits.some people even wonder, „Is our society hostile to good people?‟ The question may sound ridiculous but many people apparently think so.They believe that our currentwww.xiexiebang.com society provides a bad environment for good people doing good things, and good people pay a high price for being compassionate.In fact, such kind of things only accounts for a pretty small percentage, but massive media coverage makes the situation seem serious.Actually, most people around me are kind, warm-hearted and helpful, and I am quite delighted in their company.So I believe media should pay more attention to publicizing good people and exemplary deeds to enhance our confidence, rather than exposing disgusting behaviors.At the same time, as John Donne puts it, “No man is an island, entire of itself.Every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main.” Since everyone of us is a component of the society, it is each individual‟s conducts that form social morality.Just imagine it is you who need help, what would you feel if everyone watches indifferently or suspiciously? www.xiexiebang.comSo, put yourself in other‟s position and be sympathetic.If we do nothing but wait for the environment to improve, nothing will happen.Only by removing the fence around our kind consciousness can we reverse the regress of social ethics, and make our world full of warmth and happiness.Therefore, if help is needed, never hesitate to lend a helping hand.It will make you happy and feel better about life.In sum, I contend the idea that while social environment is necessary for people to be good to others, it is each individual‟s responsibility to offer help to those in need, and together we build up a more harmonious society.Corporate executives, undoubtedly, play a crucial part in a company‟s management and operation.Some people argue that the only responsibility of corporate executives, provided they stay www.xiexiebang.comwithin the law, is to make as much money as possible for their companies.Do you agree to their opinion? Write an essay of about 400 words.You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details.In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.写作思路

当今社会，公司的发展越来越正规化，而公司掌舵人的作用也显得尤为重要，这也是众多公 司不惜重金竞相聘用得力高管的重要原因。那么，公司高管究竟要起到哪些作用呢？是不是只要想方设法为公司盈利就可以了呢？我们认为不是这样的，公司高管还应担负起许多其他责任，包括为全球环境和人民造福、塑造良好公司形象、保障公司长足发展等。Multiple Responsibilities of Corporate Executives Corporate executives do have a responsibility to make money for their companies.For publicly owned companies, this means that they must find a way to maximize shareholder value.But it would be wrong to say that, without qualifi cation, making as much money as possible is an executive‟s only responsibility.First of all, corporate executives havexueli.woryi.com a duty to protect our natural environmentwww.xiexiebang.com and to not exploit human resources, particularly in lesser-developed countries.These poorer countries sometimes have poorly developed legal systems and laws that can be used unfairly by companies, even though the companies are actually operating within the limits of the law in that country.As an example, a pharmaceutical company should not be allowed to test new drugs on people in a poor country even though it is perfectly legal under that country‟s laws.Corporate executives must take it upon themselves to ensure that it operates ethically in all countries and that the corporation does not exploit lax operating laws in underdeveloped parts of the world.Secondly, a related responsibility of corporate executives is to make sure that the company reflects a positive image to the rest of the world, thus giving stockholders and owners a sense of pride in being a part of that company.Most people do not want to be associated with a company that is seen as greedy or exploitive.If corporate executives focus solely on making as much money as possible, there can be a backlash against that company for appearing too materialistic and uncaring.Executives www.xiexiebang.comat multinational companies such as McDonald‟s and Wal-Mart have recognized this problem in the past and have now become heavily involved in the communities in which their stores are located through charitable programs.A third and also related responsibility of corporate executives is to ensure the long-term viability of their companies.Employees, as well as other stakeholders, need to know that the company executives are interested in building an enduring institution.A good example of this responsibility not being honored is that of the Enron Energy Company and Arthur Andersen bankruptcy and accounting scandal.In this case, corporate executives abdicated their responsibilities to both companies in order to maximize short-term profit and possibly their own bonuses and stock options.Corporate executives do have a responsibility to make as much money as possible.But they also have the responsibility to do so in a manner that helps to protect the world‟s environment and people, that reflects a positive corporate image, and that will guarantee the long-term survival of the company.亮点回放 ★用词亮点

lesser-developed ：欠发达的，同下文 中的underdeveloped。take something upon somebody ：承担起 ……职责。exploitive ：剥削的。

backlash ：后坐力，强烈反对。viability ：生存能力，可行性。abdicate ：正式放弃，退出。

★句式亮点

Corporate executives must take it upon themselves to ensure that it operates ethically in all countries and that the corporation does not exploit lax operating laws in underdeveloped parts of the world.lax operating laws意为“现行法律中的漏洞”；两个that均作为ensure一词 的宾语从句。全句句意为：“公司高管必须承担起责任，确保公司在任何国家的运作都不会有违道德规范，同时在世界欠发达地区，也不钻现行法律的空子”。

A good example of this responsibility not being honored is that of the Enron Energy Company and Arthur Andersen bankruptcy and accounting scandal.a good example of this responsibility not being honored在此处表示 “一个不那么光彩的例子，反面教材”。此处作者以安然公司（Enron）和安达信会计师事务所（Arthur Andersen）为例，充分证明了只图眼前利益而忽略公司长足发展的下场。★篇章亮点

文章采用的是开门见山的开头方式，直接提出作者观点——为公司多赚钱不应是公司高管的惟一职责。紧接着，作者采用了分总的行文结构，在主体部分层次分明地论述了公司高管应当承担的其他责任。逻辑信号词first of all，secondly，a third清晰地对文章做出了划分，使读者一目了然。结尾部分概括全文，同时采用了与正文不一样 的表达方式，显示出作者扎实的文字功底。