2013综合A阅读理解

第一篇：2013综合A阅读理解

第四部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇

Making a Loss is the Height of Fashion

Given that a good year in the haute couture(高级定制女装)business is one where you lose even more money than usual, the prevailing mood in Paris last week was sensational.The big-name designers were falling over themselves to boast of how many outfits they had sold at below cost price, and how this proved that the fashion business was healthier than ever.Jean—Paul Gaultier reported record sales.―But we don’t make any money out of it‖, the designer assured journalists backstage.―No matter how successful you are, you can’t make a profit from couture,‖ explained Jean—Jacques Picart, a veteran fashion PR man, and co—founder of the now—bankrupt Lacroix house.Almost 20 years have passed since the unusual economics of the couture business were first exposed.Outraged that he was Losing money on evening dresses costing tens of thousands of pounds, the couturier Jean-Louis Scherrer published of his costs.One outfit he described curtained over half a mile of gold thread 1 8, 000sequins(亮片), and had required hundreds of hours of hand—stitching in an atelier(制作室).A fair price would have been~50, 000, but the couturier could only get~35, 000 for it.Rather than riding high on the foolishness of the super—rich, he and his team could barely feed their hungry families.The result was an outcry and the first of a series of government-and industry—sponsored inquiries into the surreal(超现实的)world of ultimate fashion.The trade continues to insist that couture offers you more than you pay for, but it’s not as simple as that.When such a temple of old wealth starts talking about value for money, it isn’t to convince anyone that dresses costing as much as houses are a bargain.Rather, it is to preserve the peculiar mystique(神秘), lucrative(利润丰厚的)associations and threatened interests that couture represents.Essentially, the arguments couldn’t be simpler.On one side are those who say that the business will die if it doesn’t change.On the other are those who say it will die if it is highly dated.Huge in its costs, tiny in its clientele and questionable in its influence, it still remains one of the great themes of Parisian life.In his book, The Fashion Conspiracy, Nicholas Coleridge estimates that the entire couture industry rests on the whims(一时兴起)of less than 30 immensely wealthy women, and although the number may have grown in recent years with the new prosperity of

Asia, the number of couture customers worldwide is no more than 4.000.To qualify as couture, a garment must be entirely handmade by one of the 11 Paris couture houses registered to the Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture.Each house must employ at least 20 people.and show a minimum of 75 new designs a year.So far, so traditional.But the Big Four operators——Chanel, Dior, Givenchy and Gaultier—increasingly use couture as a marketing device for their far more profitable ready—to—wear, fragrance and accessory lines.31.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

A.The haute couture business is expanding quickly.B.The haute couture designers make much profit in their sales.C.The haute couture businessmen are happy with their profit.D.The haute couture designers claim losses in their sales.32.According to the second paragraph, Jean-Louis Scherrer_____.A.was in a worse financial position than other couturiers.B.was very angry as he was losing money.C.was one of the best-know couturiers.D.stopped producing haute couture dresses.33.The writer says that the outfit Jean-Louis Scherrer described_____.A.was worth the price that was paid for it.B.cost more to make than it should have.C.was never sold to anyone.D.should have cost the customer than it did.34.The writer says in Paragraph 4 that there is disagreement over_____.A.the history of haute couture.B.the future of haute couture.C.the real costs of haute couture.D.the changes that need to be made in haute couture.35.What is the writer’s tone toward haute couture business?

A.Somewhat ironical

B.Quite supportive.C.Fairly friendly.D.Rather indifferent.第二篇

On the Trial of the Honey Badger

On a recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learn a lot more about honey badgers.The team employed a local wildlife expert Kitso Khama to help them locate and follow the badgers across the desert.Their main aim was to study the badgers’ movements and behavior as discreetly(谨慎地)as possible without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behavior.They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them in view of the animal’s reputation, this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do.―The problem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially when they see something new,‖ he says.―That, combined with their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture.If they sense you have food, for example, they won’t be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat.They’re actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious(凶恶的).Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen.‖

The research confirmed many things that were already known.As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill.Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them.The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal’s fondness for local melons, probably because of their high water content.Preciously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey(猎物).The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups.They were also able to confirm certain results from previous research, including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other.Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time.Some hunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers.Although they seem happy to share these territories with other males, there are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species.As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the to get up close to them without being the subject of the animal’s curiosity—or sudden aggression.The badgers’ eating patterns, which had been disrupted, to normal.It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working associations with the honey badger, as these seemed to badgers’ relaxed attitude when near humans.36.Why did the wild life experts visit the Kalahari Desert?

A.To find where honey badgers live.B.To catch some honey badgers for food.C.To observe how honey badgers behave.D.To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation.37.What does Kitso Khama say about honey badgers?

A.They are always looking for food.B.They do not enjoy human company.C.They show interest in things they are not familiar with.D.It is common for them to attack people.38.What did the team find out about honey badgers?

A.There were some creatures they did not eat.B.They were afraid of poisonous creatures.C.Female badgers did not mix with male badgers.D.They may get some of the water they needed from fruit.39.Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers?

A.They don’t run very quickly.B.They defend their territory from other badgers.C.They hunt over a very large area.D.They are more aggressive than females.40.What happened when honey badgers got used to humans around them?

A.They became less aggressive towards other creatures.B.They lost interest in people.C.They started eating more.D.Other animals started working with them.第三篇

Why So Many Children

In many of the developing countries in Africa and Asia, the population is growing fast.The reason for this is simple: Women in these countries have a high birth rate – from 3.0 to 7.0 children per woman.The majority of these

women are poor, without the food or resources to care for their families.Why do they have so many children? Why don’t they limit the size of their families? The answer may be that they often have no choice.There are several reasons for this.One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy, large families are helpful.Having more children means having more workers in the fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In an industrial economy, the situation is different.Many children do not help a family;instead, they are expense.Thus, industrialization has generally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy, which was industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of the twentieth century, Italy was a poor, largely agricultural country with a high birth rate.After World War II, Italy’s economy was rapidly modernized and industrialized.By the end of the century, the birth rate had dropped to 1.3 children per woman, the world’s lowest.However, the economy is not the only important factor that influences birth rate.Saudi Arabia, for example, does not have an agriculture-based economy, and it has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world.Nevertheless, it also has a very high birth rate(7.0).Mexico and Indonesia, on the other hand, are poor countries, with largely agricultural economies, but they have recently reduced their population growth.Clearly, other factors are involved.The most important of these is the condition of women.A high birth rate almost always goes together with lack of education and low status for women.This would explain the high birth rate of Saudi Arabia.There, the traditional culture gives women little education or independence and few possibilities outside the home.On the other hand, the improved condition of women in Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia explains the decline in birth rates in these countries.Their governments have taken measures to provide more education and opportunities for women.Another key factor in the birth rate is birth control.Women may want to limit their families but have no way to do so.In countries where governments have made birth control easily available and inexpensive, birth rates have gone down.This is the case in Singapore, Sri Lanka, and India, as well as in Indonesia, Thailand, Mexico, and Brazil.In these countries, women have also been provided with health care and help in planning their families.These trends show that an effective program to reduce population growth does not have to depend on better economic conditions.It can be effective if it aims to help women and meet their needs.Only then, in fact, does it have any real chance of success.41.In a traditional agricultural economy, a large family_____.A.can be an advantage.B.may limit income.C.isn’t necessary.D.is expensive.42.When countries become industrialized, _____.A.families often become larger.B.the birth rate generally goes down.C.women usually decide not have a family.D.the population generally grows rapidly.43.According to this passage, Italy today is an example of an_____.A.agricultural country with a high birth rate.B.agricultural country with a low birth rate.C.industrialized country with a low birth rate.D.industrialized country with a high birth rate.44.Saudi Arabia is mentioned in the passage because it shows that_____.A.the most important factor influencing birth rate is the economy.B.factors other than the economy influence birth rate.C.women who have a high income usually have few children.D.the birth rate depends on per capita income.45.In Mexico, Thailand, and Indonesia, the government_____.A.is not concerned about the status of women.B.has tried to industrialize the country rapidly.C.does not allow women to work outside the home.D.has tried to improve the condition of women.

第二篇：《詹天佑》教材理解 《詹天佑》综合资料

《詹天佑》教材理解 《詹天佑》综合资料

教材说明：

这篇课文写了詹天佑一生中最主要的事迹——主持修筑第一条完全由我国的工程技术人员设计、施工的京张铁路，表现了詹天佑的爱国主义精神和卓越的才能，反映了中国人民的智慧和力量。

文章是按照先概括介绍，在具体叙述的方法安排材料的。全文分为四部分，先概括詹天佑是我国杰出的爱国工程师；然后，从当时的社会环境来交代詹天佑主持修筑京张铁路的起因；接着，按照工程进展的顺序，从勘测线路、开凿隧道和设计“人”字形线路三个方面来叙述詹天佑主持修筑京张铁路的过程；最后，讲京张铁路提前两年竣工及中外人民对詹天佑的赞扬和怀念，点名事件的意义——有力地回击了帝国主义对中国人民的藐视和嘲笑。

詹天佑的爱国精神贯穿全文。在介绍修筑京张铁路面临的阻力和困难时，着重讲了詹天佑面对帝国主义的狂妄自大和中国人民的极端藐视，为维护祖国的尊严而勇敢受命。在讲修路过程时，着重强调，爱国主义精神式他战胜一切艰难险阻的动力；创造性地开凿隧道、设计人字形线路，是他爱国精神与卓越才能相结合的产物。在京张铁路提前两年竣工时，着重说明，他的创造性的工作，长了中国人民的志气，灭了帝国主义的威风。

选编这篇课文，一是通过詹天佑的事迹，激发学生热爱祖国、立志报国的思想感情以及在实践中大胆创新的意识；二是以詹天佑这个人物或以铁路建设为拓展点，引导学生练习收集有关的资料。“注意收集有关的资料”，是从本组开始的一个新的读写项目。教师的指导学生领悟课文的内容之前或之后，要注意抓住课文的拓展点，引导学生收集有关的资料，扩大阅读面，加深对课文的感悟。重难点解析：

詹天佑是在怎样的情况下接受主持修筑京张铁路的任务的？这些内容距离学生较远，学生不易理解。开始上课时，可让学生交流对詹天佑以及当时社会背景的了解；如果学生知道不多，教师可作简要的介绍。同时结合地图介绍一下京张铁路的地理位置与地理环境。然后，着重组织学生练习课文第二、第三自然段的内容展开讨论：一个中国工程师在自己的国土上主持修筑一条铁路，为什么会引起国内外的轰动？可以从帝国主义的阻挠、要挟、嘲笑，体会帝国主义对中国政府的蔑视。从备受帝国主义国家蔑视的中国工程师，不怕帝国主义的嘲笑，敢于接受这项艰巨的任务，体会我国人民为“争了一口气”而扬眉吐气的兴奋心情，以及对詹天佑的殷切希望。从帝国主义嘲笑的内容，体会京张铁路恶劣的地理环境。这样，通过讨论，让学生充分感悟到，詹天佑为了维护祖国的尊严，顶着重重压力，不怕种种困难，毅然接受主持修筑京张铁路的任务，是受命于危难之际，为中国人民争一口气的壮举，从而激发学生的爱国热情。

詹天佑在修筑铁路中遇到那些困难，是如何克服困难的？这个问题可以分为三个小问题。

在勘测线路过程中遇到什么困难，他是怎么说、怎么做的，为什么能这样做？引导学生抓住詹天佑的言语、行动以及想法的语句，体会詹天佑严肃的工作态度、身先士卒的工作作风和张中国人民志气的爱国之心。

在开凿隧道的时候遇到什么困难，他是怎么克服的？可边读边试着画示意图，说明詹天佑开凿居庸关和八达岭两条隧道采用的不同方法。着重引导学生说说什么叫“从两端同时向中间凿进”，什么叫“中部凿井法”；从而体会詹天佑针对不同情况采用不同方法的灵活的创新思维，以及创新设计来源于实践的意识。

在青龙桥又遇到了什么困难，他是怎么克服的？引导学生体会“人”字形线路设计的大胆，方法的巧妙，从而感悟詹天佑勇于在实践中大胆创新的精神。

第三篇：2014英语综合C 阅读理解小抄

The Travels of Ibn Battuta

What is the passage mainly about?Which of the following is closest in meaning to set off for in line 5? A.left to go to B.The adventures of Ibn Battuta.The Sultan of Delhi gave Ibn Battuta a position of judge because C.Ibn Battuta had Which of the following would the writer of this passage most likely agree with?Why did Ibn Battuta finally return to his home?studied in MeccaD.Ibn Battuta should be better known in the West today.D.The Sultan of Morocco asked him to return.Shark Attack!

4After Craig Rogers fell into the water, the shark_________.It is difficult for the author to understand why great whites_________.A.often let C.swam away humans escape are The word their in line 2 of paragraph 4 means_________.What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph?Which of the following is closest in meaning to make up in line 2 of paragraph 4? B.B.great whites'

C.We now know great whites don't mistake humans for other

A Letter from Alan

4Why has Alan written this letter?D.To inform other people about the builders’ plans.Why is Parson’s Place particularly important, in Alan’s opinion? What will cause traffic jams?C.Because it is a place near the town where people can enjoy nature.A.A building on Parson’s Place.D.have less money Which of these posters has Alan made? B.SAY NO TO HOUSES ON PARSON’S PLACE An extracurricular activity like raising a fund of$300,000 is riskyAmerican students join campus organizations mostly for______ Who is Katie Rowley?What do student leaders need to carry an activity through to a successful end? Passion The phrasal verb fatten up in paragraph 6 could be best replaced by____ C.polish A.Alan says that ordinary people who live in the town will probably soon______Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference D.will not take an interest in it C.building friendshipB.She’s a senior student

第四篇：英语阅读理解之综合训练一

英语阅读理解之综合训练一

一.先通读，后细读

If you know me well, you know I don't like birthday parties.At least, I don't like birthday parties given for me.① I enjoy them when they’re for other people, but when they’re for me, I just don't like them.I remember one birthday party some friends of mine had for me when I was a student at the university.Of course, I had told my best friend Henry that I didn't want a party and I made him promise he wouldn't do anything.He agreed.I should have known better than to believe him.②

On the day of my birthday, we got home from school at about, oh, I don't know, three or half past three.We went inside and as usual I went into the bathroom and started to close the door when suddenly from behind the shower curtain(浴帘), a kind of strange female(女)voice started singing, “Happy birthday to you, happy birthday to you.”

And then from all over the room, people joined in.There were about fifteen people hiding everywhere in the room.They had got my roommate's key and got in earlier.They had all planned to come out of the hiding place just at the same time while singing.I guess I really upset their plans by going in just to wash my hands.③

1.Which of the following sentences is NOT true? A.I got home from school at 3 or 3:30 on the day of my birthday.B.I dislike birthday parties held for me.C.Henry agreed that he would not do anything on my birthday.D.I knew there were some of my friends hiding in my room.2.I usually went into the ______ when I got home from school.A.living room

B.bedroom

C.bathroom

D.diningroom

3.What did my friends plan to do?

A.They planned to leave the room as soon as possible.B.They planned to sing as loudly as they could.C.They planned to eat in the bathroom.D.They had planned to come out of hiding places together.难句注释

① At least, I don't like birthday parties given for me.至少我不喜欢为我开的生日晚会。

② I should have known better than to believe him.我本应知道他要做什么而不该相信他的。

should have known是虚拟语气，意为“本应知道而未知”。

③ I really upset their plans by going in...我进去只是洗一下手，却真的打乱了他们的计划。

二.略读: 在运用这一方法阅读文章时，要特别注意：①文章的标题；②文章的首句或引导性段落；③文章尾部的结论性词语；④反映段落中心思想的主题句。如果我们找到了每段的主题句，再将这些主题句集中在一起，就差不多能够把握住全文的中心内容了。

Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home.But you should not be upset(难受的)if your English friends don't invite you home.It doesn't mean they don't like you!

Dinner parties usually start between 7 and 8 p.m., and end at about 11.Ask your hosts what time you should arrive.It's polite to bring flowers, chocolates or a bottle of wine as a gift.Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks(小吃).① Do you want to be more polite? Say how much you like the room, or the picture on the wall.But remember—its not polite to ask how much things cost.In many families, the husband sits at one end of the table and the wife sits at the other end.They eat with their guests.You'll probably start the meal with soup or something small, then you'll have meat or fish with vegetables, and then dessert, followed by coffee.It's polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want it.②

Did you enjoy the evening? Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short thankyou letter.British and American people like to say “ Thank you, thank you, thank you.”all the time!

1.If you are going to attend a dinner party,____.A.you‟d better bring a certain present with you

B.you must leave home for it at 7 p.m.C.you should ask your host when you should leave

D.you must arrive at it before 8 p.m.2.In which order will you eat or drink the following things at the meal?

A.Snacks, vegetables, meat and coffee.B.Coffee, drinks, soup, fish, vegetables and dessert.C.Soup, meat with vegetables, dessert and coffee.D.Drinks, soup, something small, fish and vegetables.3.Which is the correct way in which you express your enjoyment of the evening?

A.Before leaving for home, you should say, “Thank you for inviting me.”

B.When you shake hands with your host, you should say, “I did enjoy the evening.”

C.You can write a thank-you letter to your host after that.D.You should finish everything on your plate and take more if you want it.难句注释

① Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks.通常晚宴都是以一些饮料和小吃开始的。② Its polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want it.礼貌的做法是吃完你盘里的所有食物，如果还想吃的话再添一些。句首的it是形式主语。

三.查读: 查读(scanning)，也称为扫描式阅读，是指用较短的时间快速扫视文章，查找具体信息或相关事实与细节的阅读技巧。查读有一定的目的性，是带着问题寻找答案的阅读方法，在考试中具有很高的实用价值。

Last year I went to Nepal(尼泊尔)for three months to work in a hospital.I think it's important to see as much of a country as you can, but it is difficult to travel around Nepal.The hospital let me have a few days holiday, so I decided to go into the jungle(丛林)and I asked a Nepalese guide, Kamal Rai, to go with me.We started our trip at six in the morning with two elephants carrying our equipment.It was hot, but Kamal made me wear shoes and trousers to protect me from snakes.① In the jungle there was a lot of wildlife, but we were trying to find big cats, especially tigers.We climbed onto the elephants backs to see better, but it is unusual to find tigers in the afternoon because they sleep in the daytime.Then, in the distance, we saw a tiger, and Kamal told me to be very quiet.We moved nearer and found a dead deer.This was the tigers lunch!I started to feel very frightened.We heard the tiger a second before we saw it.It jumped out suddenly, five hundred kilos plus and four meters long.It grabbed(咬住)Kamal's leg between its teeth, but I succeeded(成功)in pulling Kamal away.② One of our elephants ran at the tiger and made it go back into the grass, so we quickly escaped to let the tiger eat its lunch.That night it was impossible to sleep.1.The writer of the passage must be____.A.a Nepalese doctor

B.a foreign tourist

C.a Nepalese traveler D.a foreign doctor 2.What made the writer suddenly start to feel very frightened? A.He heard the noise of the tiger.B.He saw the tiger in the distance.C.He realized that they were in danger.D.He knew that the tiger was in danger.3.What was unusual about the tiger?

A.It hunted a deer on a hot afternoon.B.It was 500 kilos plus and four meters long.C.It was afraid of an elephant.D.It almost killed the Nepalese guide.难句注释

① It was hot, but Kamal made me wear shoes and trousers to protect me from snakes.尽管天很热，但Kamal却让我穿上了长裤和鞋以保护自己不受蛇的伤害。

② It grabbed Kamals leg between its teeth, but I succeeded in pulling Kamal away.它紧紧咬住Kamal 的腿，可我还是成功地将Kamal 拉走了。

四.默读：专家认为，做阅读理解不应该是读，而应该是看。默读有利于发展阅读者的内部语言，有利于强化理解，有利于提高阅读速度。测试表明，我们朗读时，一分钟能念125个字就已很不错了，而默读时，每分钟可读150个字以上，有人阅读小说时甚至可达每分钟600字。

As one comes to some crossroads, he or she sees a sign which says that drivers have to stop when they come to the main road ahead.① At other crossroads, drivers have to go slow, but they do not actually have to stop unless, of course, there is something coming along the main road;and at still others, they do not have either to stop or to go slow, because they are themselves on the main road.Mr Williams, who was always a very careful driver, was driving home from work one evening when he came to a crossroad.It had a “SLOW” sign.He slowed down when he came to the main road, looked both ways to see that nothing was coming, and then drove across without stopping completely.At once he heard a police whistle(口哨声), so he pulled into the side of the road and stopped.② A policeman walked over to him with a notebook and a pen in his hand and said, “You didnt stop at that crossing.”

“But the sign there doesn't say „STOP‟.” answered Mr Williams, “It just says „SLOW‟, and I did go slow.”

The policeman looked around him, and a look of surprise came over his face.③ Then he put his notebook and pen away, scratched(抓)his head and said, “Well，I'm in the wrong street！”

1.Mr Williams was driving ____ one evening.A.to a party

B.to his office

C.home after work

D.to work from home 2.When he was stopped by a policeman, he ____.A.was driving at a high speed

B.was driving onto the main road

C.was going to stop his car

D.was driving slowly

3.Though slowly, Mr Williams continued driving at the crossing because____.A.he didn't see any “STOP” sign there

B.he paid no attention to the traffic rules

C.he didn't have to stop

D.he was eager to get home 4.Looking round Mr Williams, the policeman was surprised because____.A.he met a mad man

B.he realized that he himself was mistaken

C.Mr Williams dared to speak to him like that

D.Mr Williams would not apologize to him 难句注释

①a sign which says that drivers have to stop when they come to the main road ahead.一个让驾驶员到了主干道就得停下来的标牌。

②pull into the side of the road and stop 转向路边并停了下来

③The policeman looked around him, and a look of surprise came over his face.这个警察朝他的周围看了看，脸上露出惊讶的表情。

五.注意阅读速度：

一个人的阅读能力的高低决定了他能否快速高效地吸收有用信息。合理的快速阅读可以使阅读者思想高度集中，在阅读中积极思维，不时作出归纳、演绎、对比、推测，正确理解篇章大意。没有一定的阅读速度，就不能顺利地输入信息，阅读理解的成效也会大大地降低。

高考要求每分钟读60个字，但我们在平常练习时应达到并超过这个基本标准，以便在高考中能给自己挤出更多时间去进行思考。我们要培养快速阅读的能力，就必须克服指读、回读、重读等不良习惯，不要把注意力过度集中在孤立的单词上，以致于对整句、整段的意思把握不清。与此同时，我们还应注意运用多种阅读技巧，如略读、扫读、跳读等来搜寻关键词、主题句，理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

Julia lived in the countryside, but one year she decided to visit the capital city to do some shopping and to see the sights.She stayed at a hotel near the central market.She had seldom been to the city before, and was very excited about what she would find.On the first morning of her visit, as she walked from the hotel to the market, she passed a beggar(乞丐).He was holding up a notice, which said, “Blind from birth.Please give generously(慷慨地).①”

Julia felt sorry for the blind beggar and she bent down and put a dollar coin into his bowl.“Thank you.” he said.The same thing happened again the following day.On the third day, however, Julia did not have a dollar coin.She had only fifty cents, so she dropped this into the beggars bowl.“What have I done wrong?” the beggar said, “Why are you so stingy(吝啬的)today?” Julia was very surprised at what the beggar said.“How do you know I haven't given you a dollar?” she said, “If you’re blind you can't know what coin I put into your bowl.” “Ah,” explained the beggar,“The truth is that I'm not blind.I'm just looking after this place for the regular beggar while he’s on holiday.②” “On holiday?” Julia said, “And what exactly does your blind friend do on holiday?”

“He goes into the countryside,” the man said, “and takes photographs.He's a very good photographer.”

1.Where was the beggar sitting? A.Between Julia's hotel and the market.B.In the busiest part of the city.C.Outside the shops.D.In the market.2.On the first two days, ____.A.the blind man waited for Julia

B.Julia gave the blind man some money C.the blind man demanded money from Julia

D.Julia gave him nothing 3.On the third day, the blind man____.A.accepted Julia's fifty cents quite happily

B.noticed that Julia had only given him fifty cents C.refused Julia's fifty cents

D.also received one dollar from Julia 难句注释

① He was holding up a notice, which said, “Blind from birth.Please give generously.” 他举着一个告示，上面写着“生来双目失明，请慷慨解囊！”。

② I’m just looking after this place for the regular beggar while he’s on holiday.那个经常在这儿的乞丐度假去了，我只是帮他照看一下场子。

自我检测:

时间： 20 分钟

共17题

对_______题

认识_______新单词 Passage 1

If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they become weak;when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again.Everybody knows that.Yet many people do not seem to know that memory works in the same way.When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it.When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong.If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his fault.But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame, and few of us know that it is just his own fault.Have you ever found that some people can't read or write but they have better memories? This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things;they cannot write them down in a little notebook.They have to remember days, names, songs and stories;so their memory is the whole time being exercised.1.The main reason for one's poor memory is that ______.A.his father or mother may have a poor memory

B.he does not use his arms or legs for some time C.his memory is not often used

D.he can't read or write 2.If you do not use your arms or legs for some time, _______.A.you can't use them any more

B.they will become stronger C.they will become weak and won't become strong until you use them again D.they will become weak but they slowly become strong again 3.Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Your memory works in the same way as your arms or legs.B.Your memory like your arms or legs, becomes weak if you do not give it enough chance for practice.C.Don't learn how to read and write if you want to have a better memory.D.A good memory comes from more practice.4.Some people can't read or write, but they usually have better memories, because_______.A.they have saved much trouble

B.they have saved much time to remember things C.they have to use their memories all the time

D.they can't write everything in a little notebook 5.Give the best title for this passage.A.Don't Stop Using Your Arms Or Legs

B.How To Have A Good Memory C.Strong Arms And Good Memories

D.Learn From The People 词汇扩展

① memory n.记忆力 ② fault n.过错

③ blame v.受指责 ④ title n.标题 Passage 2

Fish hear sounds, though they have simply no ears outside their bodies.However, fish do have ears inside their bodies, near the brain, and they hear very well with them.Some fish have been taught to recognize the difference between sounds better than some human beings do.Many underwater animals make noises only by chance while they are doing something else.Other sounds are real communications of a simple sort, telling one fish of the presence and direction of another.A few noises may be warning messages or discovery of food, etc.The earliest scientific report on fish sounds referred to one of these.A new field in science is learning to recognize and use underwater birds and other land creatures by their calls.But this method is a greater challenge than bird-watching, for many of the animals of the sea cannot be followed in any other known way.Their voices cry for attention.Yet we still have too little knowledge about many of the call makers which will some day be made known more fully.It is as though the great oceans were for daring man to invade them and to learn the secrets of the place from which his forefathers came so long ago.1.After reading the passage, we can conclude that _______.A.many fish often make meaningless noises

B.sound cannot pass through some fish bodies C.sound waves can easily be felt by fish bodies

D.some fish can easily understand some land creatures' calls 2.Recognizing underwater animals _______.A.is totally different from recognizing land creatures by their calls B.is more difficult than recognizing land creatures by their calls C.will change people's knowledge of fish

D.is more or less a battle 3.One of the earliest scientific reports on fish sounds was about ______.A.noises made occasionally by underwater animals

B.some sort of communication between fish C.the difference between sounds

D.what sort of fish the call maker was 4.From the last sentence, we can learn that_______.A.the human beings have invaded the oceans for long

B.more secrets of the great oceans are to be found out C.only very brave people can make use of the great ocean D.people are fighting each other to become the masters of the great oceans 词汇扩展

① presence n.存在 ② invade v.涌入

Passage 3

If you are like most people, your intelligence is different from season to season.You are probably a lot sharper in the spring than you are at any other time of the year.A well-known scientist, Ellsworth Huntington(1876－1947), concluded from other men's work and his own among peoples in different climates that climate and temperature have an obvious effect on our mental abilities.He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than summer heat.This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year.It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer.Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking.One reason may be that in the spring man's mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all nature.Fall is the next best season, then winter.As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation ROM thinking!1.Huntington based his conclusion on _______.A.records of changes in his own intelligence

B.work with peoples in different climates

C.records of temperature changes

D.all of the above 2.Ellsworth Huntington decided that climate and temperature have _______.A.a great effect on everyone's intelligence

B.effect on most people's intelligence

C.effect on only a few people's intelligence

D.no effect on people's intelligence 3.One possible reason why spring is the best season for thinking is that _______.A.all nature, including man, is growing then

B.it lasts longer than the other seasons C.it is neither too warm nor too cold

D.both A and C 4.The best seasons for thinking seem to be _______.A.spring and fall

B.winter and summer

C.summer and spring

D.fall and winter 5.According to the selection, vacation from thinking should be taken _______.A.several times throughout the year

B.during spring and fall

C.during the summer

D.as seldom as possible 词汇扩展

① intelligence n.智力 ② climate n.③ abilities n.④ tend to be 往往是

⑤ factor n.因素 ⑥ vacation n.假期

Passage 4 Even if you are a good high-jumper, you can jump only about seven feet off the ground.You can not jump any higher because the earth pulls you hard.The pull of the earth is called gravity.You can easily find out the pull of the earth.If you weigh yourself, you will know how much gravity is pulling you.Since there is gravity, water runs downhill.When you throw a ball into the air, it falls back down.Because of gravity you do not fall off the earth as it whirls around.Then can we get a way from the earth and go far out into space? Now you can do it, because spaceships have been invented.The spaceship will go fast.It can escape the earth's gravity and carry you into space.1.In this passage, the word “gravity” means _______.A.the force of attraction among objects

B.the force which attracts the earth towards the sun C.the force which attracts objects towards the centre of the earth

D.the pull of everything 2.When you slip on something, you _______.A.sometimes fall down to ground

B.always fall down to the ground C.never fall down to the ground

D.go up into the air 3.Gravity is so strong that _______.A.it makes you jump only seven feet

B.it makes you go up into the air

C.it can keep everything on earth

D.it can throw a ball into the air 词汇扩展

① whirl v.旋转 ② attract v.吸引

③ slip vi.滑倒

英语阅读之美文背诵

Three Days to See(Excerpts)假如给我三天光明（节选）

All of us have read thrilling stories in which the hero had only a limited and specified time to live.Sometimes it was as long as a year, sometimes as short as 24 hours.But always we were interested in discovering just how the doomed hero chose to spend his last days or his last hours.I speak, of course, of free men who have a choice, not condemned criminals whose sphere of activities is strictly delimited.Such stories set us thinking, wondering what we should do under similar circumstances.What events, what experiences, what associations should we crowd into those last hours as mortal beings, what regrets? Sometimes I have thought it would be an excellent rule to live each day as if we should die tomorrow.Such an attitude would emphasize sharply the values of life.We should live each day with gentleness, vigor and a keenness of appreciation which are often lost when time stretches before us in the constant panorama of more days and months and years to come.There are those, of course, who would adopt the Epicurean motto of “Eat, drink, and be merry”.But most people would be chastened by the certainty of impending death.In stories the doomed hero is usually saved at the last minute by some stroke of fortune, but almost always his sense of values is changed.He becomes more appreciative of the meaning of life and its permanent spiritual values.It has often been noted that those who live, or have lived, in the shadow of death bring a mellow sweetness to everything they do.Most of us, however, take life for granted.We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future.When we are in buoyant health, death is all but unimaginable.We seldom think of it.The days stretch out in an endless vista.So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless attitude toward life.The same lethargy, I am afraid, characterizes the use of all our faculties and senses.Only the deaf appreciate hearing, only the blind realize the manifold blessings that lie in sight.Particularly does this observation apply to those who have lost sight and hearing in adult life.But those who have never suffered impairment of sight or hearing seldom make the fullest use of these blessed faculties.Their eyes and ears take in all sights and sounds hazily, without concentration and with little appreciation.It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill.I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life.Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight;silence would teach him the joys of sound.一.本文讲述了作者的朋友们想为他开生日party以给他意外惊喜的事。

1.D.由第三段 “I went into the bathroom...when suddenly from behind...”可知“我”并不知情。

2.C.由第二段 “We went inside and as usual I went into the bathroom...” 推知。

3.D.由最后一段 “They had all planned to come out of...just at the same time”推知。二.本文主要介绍了应邀参加英美人举办的家庭晚宴需注意的一些礼节。

1.A.由第二段“Its polite to bring...as a gift.”得知。

2.C.按第三、五两段中提出的进餐顺序可选出答案。

3.C.四个选项中只有C符合文末提出的感谢宴请的方式。三.本文描述了作者和向导在尼泊尔丛林遭遇老虎的经历。

1.D.据首句得知。

2.C.由第二段得知，作者感到害怕的原因是意识到处境危险。

3.A.由第一段末句 “...it is unusual to find tigers in the afternoon” 推知。

四.本文讲述了一个人明明遵守了交通规则，但由于警察自己站错了街道位置而产生了误会的故事。

1.C.文中第二段提到“...was driving home from work.”。

2.B.第二段中提到“He slowed down when he came to the main road...”。

3.C.根据文章意思，Mr Williams 只需要慢行，不必停下来。

4.B.根据文中“I'm in the wrong street!”可知警察最后知道是他自己弄错了。

五.本文讲述了Julia出于同情给了一个自称失明的乞丐几次钱后，发现该乞丐是假装失明来骗钱的真相的故事。1.A.从第二段第一句“...as she walked from the hotel to the market, she passed a beggar.”中可得出答案。2.B.从文中可以看出是Julia因为同情那个乞丐而主动给钱的。

3.B.乞丐注意到Julia只给了平时的一半时很不高兴，但并没有拒绝。

自我检测：1.CCCCB

2.CBBB

3.BBAAC

4.CBC

第五篇：我对综合实践课的理解

我对综合实践课的理解

郧西县上津镇初级中学 张绪军

一、综合实践活动是基础教育课程改革当中提出来的一项重要的必修课程

1.以学生经验和生活为核心来组织课程，是一门实践性的课程 2.它强调的是实践能力，通过实践活动来强调学生的创新意识，综合运用知识的能力；强调参加社会活动或加强社会联系，提高社会责任感以及在这个过程中加强技术意识、信息技术的运用

3在操作上有特殊性，具有典型的三级管理的特征：国家规定、地方指导、校本开发。

4.综合实践活动的内容。它的内容指向就变成了研究型学习、社区服务、社会实践。

5.综合实践活动能充分展示学生的个性特长，有些在平时学习成绩差而默默无闻的学生在综合实践活动中却展现出了极强的动手能力和思维迁移能力。

综合实践活动，国家只给了名称，是必修的，学校不能不开设。校本课程与综合实践活动有一些区别：综合实践活动属于国家课程，原则上讲只属于国家课程的一部分。

二、综合实践活动课程是在教师指导下，学生自主进行的综合性学习活动

1.特点：自主性、整体性、开放性、实践性、生成性

2.综合实践活动中，教师是对学生整个实践活动的指导而非只对学生 掌握知识认识活动。

3.教师的指导更多的是一种个性化的指导，而非统一的指导。

三、核心问题：探讨实现 学科教学与综合实践活动整合的条件与操作要领

1.学习本专题的主要目标：使老师了解综合实践活动与学科教学的区别与联系；领会二者的整合对于深化学习、促进学生多方面发展的意义；掌握二者相互结合、渗透或延伸等的方法。

2.本专题的特色：以案例分析为主体，配合专题讲座、问题讨论等多种课程形态构成一个理论性和情境性、学习思考与实践体验相结合，体现 “学思结合”、“知行统一”原则的课程体系，它不仅有助于教师通过 案例学会处理类似情景下的教学与活动，实现近迁移；更重要的是有助于教师在感性与理性的交相呼应中能够举一反三，在新情境中运用所学原理，实现远迁移。

四、要组织好、管理好综合实践活动必须要了解综合实践活动的政策意义

1.义务教育阶段的课程内容是四个指向：信息技术教育、研究性学习、社区服务与社会实践、劳动与技术教育。高中阶段有一些差异。

2.以学生经验和生活为核心来组织课程，是一门实践性的课程.3.综合实践活动有一定的特殊性。具有典型的三级管理的特征：国家规定、地方指导、校本开发。

五、“知识来源于活动，没有主体对客体的活动，就不可能产生反映或认识”

“儿童要高度活动。在活动中，让儿童动脑、动手，进行探索。通过 活动逐步丰富儿童的知识结构。”“在教学过程中，要通过儿童自身积极的活动，让儿童探究、发现知识”。

例如学生对金钱河的水质调查：水解物厂下游水污染非常严重，下游的水变黑了，水中的鱼基本消失了，水草叶枯黄了，调查期间还有一头牛因喝河水而死。是什么物质让水污染如此严重呢？

学生对污染水的水质监测我上课经常安排学生做课外实践活动，在上到水的污染时，那时我们学校周围有两个黄姜水解物加工厂。于是，我安排学生调查水解物厂下游的水的污染情况，结果令人吃惊：水解物厂下游水污染非常严重，下游的水变黑了，水中的鱼基本消失了，水草叶枯黄了，调查期间还有一头牛因喝河水而死。是什么物质让水污染如此严重呢？学生对污染水的水质监测：

1.取水样，学生们在两个水解物厂的排污水口取来多瓶水样 2.分别对水样中的污染情况进行了测定：PH值，碳酸根离子，银离子，硫酸根离子等进行了测定

3.结果，PH值为2，硫酸根离子，氯离子等严重超标

4.交流，同学们通过热烈的交流达成了共识：水污染了环境就破坏了；环境不容破坏;环境破环了，人类及生物就没有了生存的条件。

我的一节生物课实践课，在上到生物的生存环境后，带学生到大山实践，不一会儿学生在老师的指导下就分别找到了不同植物类别：苔藓，蕨类裸子植物，被子植物。并且能分别很快发现这些植物的生存环境。通过提问题，制定计划和方案，实地考察后，学生交流收获很大。

某专家三次讲课遇上“蛇”——实践活动有益于学生的发展 1第一次讲蛇与庄稼——学生在听与练中掌握双基 2.第二次讲蛇与庄稼——发展自主学习能力，解决书本上问题的能力，掌握书本知识，实现知识的近迁移（将学到的知识运用于相似的情境）。

3.第三次讲蛇与庄稼——发展探索能力、获取新知识能力、解决实际问题的能力，创新的能力。实现知识的远迁移（将掌握的原理用于解决新情境中的问题）。

课堂上，孩子们用从网络、书籍中收集到的资料揭示了蛇与庄稼、猫与苜蓿之间存在联系的本质属性——生物链；我们共同讨论了几种使庄稼获得丰收的科学的、新颖的方法；师生共同探讨了生活中缤纷的简单联系、复杂联系；当堂因为一些争论不下的问题上网寻求答案。孩子们在积极参与的过程中迸发出来的智慧火花使整节课充满了活力。