第一篇：摘要——浙江科技学院自动化专业英语期末考试
摘要：对楼宇自动化安防系统进行了研究，提出了一种基于LonWorks总线的分布式控制系统，介绍了系统的工作原理、网络构成、硬件功能和通信实现。
楼宇自动化安防系统the security system of building automation总线 bus
分布式控制系统Distributed control system工作原理the operational principle
网络构成the network configuration硬件功能the hardware function
The research is carried out for the safety system of building automation in the paper.A distributed control mode based on LonWorks bus is proposed.The performing principle of the system，the configuration of the network, the function of hardware and the realization of communication are introduced.老师翻译The security system of building automation is studied.ALonWorks bus based distributed control system is proposed.The system operational principle, network configuration, hardware function and realization of communication are discussed.A temperature control system was proposed employing proportional valve in order to retain the constant oil temperature in a large hydraulic system.The mathematic model of temperature was conducted based on laws of thermodynamics.Fuzzy PID strategy was employed in the real system.Results show that the fuzzy PID controller can reach control accuracy of 45±1 ℃.Compared with conventional PID controller, the fuzzy PID controller can achieve higher control accuracy, faster response and stronger robustness in oil temperature controloflarge hydraulic system
针对某大型液压系统的油温恒定需求，分析系统发热的数学模型和油液温度变化的滞后特性，提出一套运用比例水阀连续调节板式换热器冷却水量的大型液压系统油温控制方法．在MATLAB仿真环境中，比较分析使用常规PID和参数自整定模糊PID算法的油温控制特性．仿真结果表明，模糊PID控制器具有不依赖系统模型、响应快、控制精度高的优点，且易于PLC实现．将模糊PID控制方案应用于实际系统中，实验结果表明，参数自整定模糊PID控制器能够克服油温的大时滞、非线性变化，使得油液温度有效控制在45±1℃；参数自整定模糊PID控制器的响应速度、控制精度均优于常规PID，适合应用于大流量液压系统的油温控制．
We consider the problem of automatically recognizing human faces from frontal views with varying expression and illumination, as well as occlusion and disguise.We cast the recognition problem as one of classifying among multiple linear regression models and argue that new theory from sparse signal representation offers the key to addressing this problem.This new framework provides new insights into two crucial issues in face recognition: feature extraction and robustness to occlusion.We conduct extensive experiments on publicly available databases to verify the efficacy of the proposed algorithm.我们考虑的问题从正面视图自动识别人脸不同表达和照明,以及阻塞和伪装。
我们把识别问题的分类之间的多元线性回归模型,认为新理论从稀疏信号表示提供了解决这一问题的关键。
这个新的框架提供了新的见解在人脸识别的两个关键问题:特征提取和健壮性闭塞。我们在公开数据库进行大量实验验证该算法的有效性。
A disturbance observer based BP-PID controller was designed in order to enhance
thecontrol precision of furnace temperature.An equivalent compensation was introduced in the input of the BP-PID controller to form a new controller…
The controller can automatically adapt to each kind of working condition and maintains very high precision at stable state.The controller can strongly inhibit from the large range of payload disturbances.设计了一个基于扰动观测器的BP-PID控制器以提高炉温的控制精度。
介绍了一个等价补偿输入的BP-PID控制器组建一个新的控制器…
控制器可以自动适应各种工况在稳定状态和保持非常高的精度。控制器可以从大范围的强烈抑制负载扰动。
为了尽可能降低不稳定特征点对识别率的影响,研究提出了基于序列图像提取稳定特征点的虹膜识别算法。该算法
首先用二维Gabor滤波器对序列虹膜图像提取特征编码,然后对该序列特征编码求交集以提取稳定特征点,并利用这些稳定特
征点建立虹膜的特征模板库,最后通过计算相似度,获得识别结果。在实验室采集的序列虹膜图库上,当等错率为0.3017%,分类阈值为0.6402时,正确识别率可以达到99.73%。实验证明该算法是有效、可行的,并更好地提高了虹膜的分类精度和改善了虹膜的识别性能。
As much as possible in order to reduce the influence of the unstable characteristic points on recognition rate, and to study the optimum extraction was proposed based on image sequences stable feature points of iris recognition algorithm.The proposed algorithm
First 2 d Gabor filter of serial iris images was used to extract feature encoding, then the characteristics of the sequence coding for intersection stable to extract feature points, and using the stable
Indications point to establish the iris feature template library, finally by computing the similarity, to obtain recognition results.Acquisition sequence of iris gallery in the laboratory, when such fault rate is 0.3017%,Classification threshold is 0.6402, the correct recognition rate can reach 99.73%.Experiments prove that the algorithm is effective and feasible, and better improve the classification precision of the iris and improved the iris recognition performance.重要句型
We consider the problem of ……•我们考虑的问题……
This paper presents …, an algorithm that…•一个算法,提出了……
In this paper, we provide two different solutions to the problem of……
在本文中,我们提供了两种不同的解决方案的问题…
We propose an …based algorithm.•我们提出一个基于…算法。
Based on……, we propose a general algorithm for…基于…我们提出一个通用的算法 This framework can handle errors due to……这个框架能够处理错误由于
We first simplify this system by…and then solve the system by two alternative techniques.The first one is based on…and the second one on…
我们首先简化该系统由两个可选…然后解决系统技术。第一个是基于…和第二个… a key issue is…
A new … is proposed for…提出了一个新的…
We demonstrate that our solutions are efficient, robust, and practical by experiments on synthetic and real data.我们证明我们的解决方案是有效的,健壮的,和实际实验合成和真实的数据。
Experimental results demonstrate the advantages and limitations of the algorithm on both simulated and real-world data.实验结果证明该算法的优点和局限性对模拟和实际数据
We conduct extensive experiments ……to verify…我们进行广泛的实验…来验证…
Results from simulations and experiments show the improved performance of the proposed仿真和实验结果表明提出的改进的性能
algorithm when compared with that of…算法相比与…
第二篇：浙江科技学院自动化专业英语期末考试1
An energy source(a primary or secondary cell, a generator, and the like)convertschemical mechanical,thermal or some other form of energy into electric energy.An energy
converter, also called load(such as a lamp, heating appliance, or electric motor), converts electric energy into light，heat mechanical work，and so on.电源（如原生电池、再生电池和发电机等）将化学能、热能或其他形式的能量转换城电能。能量转换器（也称作负载，比如灯泡、取暖器及发电机等）将电能转换成光、热和机械等能量
AC.circuit analysis involves the addition of harmonic time functions having the same
frequencies but different peak values and epoch angles.Direct addition of such functions.Would call for unwieldy trigonometric transformations.Simpler approaches are provided bythe Argand diagram(graphical solution)and by the method of complex numbers(analytical solution)
交流电路的分析包括对有相同频率、不同幅值和初相角的谐振时间函数的加法。这些函数的直接相加将要求用到复杂的三角转换。简单的方法是采用阿尔冈图法（图解法）和复数方法（解析方法）
The entire system of Boolean algebra can be built up using combinations of only three
basic functions, the logic AND,the logic OR,and the logic NOT(or negation).Any Boolean equation can be realized by some combination of these three basic functions.These three
bsic functions will be discussed in detail below.布尔代数的整个系统都可以由三个基本函数逻辑‘与’‘或‘‘非’组合构成。任何一个布尔等式可由这三个基本函数中的一部分组合而成，以下将详细讨论这三个基本函数。Many types of automatic control systems have appeared during the twentieth century，based on electronic mechanical, hydraulic and fluidic principles.In each case the design techniques have been similar because each component of the system usually contributes a single well defined function to the system behaviors
在20世纪，出现了许多种基于电子、机械、液压和流体原理的自动控制系统。由于系统中的每一元件通常对系统的运转状态只起单一 确定的功能，各种类型系统的设计技术是相似的 The first advantage has already been mentioned;the large scale integration of
electronic systems has reduced the number of components which are used, leading to an increasein the overall reliabilityof the system and a reduction in assembly costs.The decreasein size which results from largescale integration means that the equipment based onmicrocomputers is usually much smaller, lighter, and more robust than that using older technologies.第一个优点已经提到过了，就是电子系统的大规模集成已经降低了所用的元件数量，促使系统的总体可靠性的提高和装配费用的降低。由于大规模集成引起的尺寸减小意味着基于微计算机的设备功能通常要小得多，轻得多，并且比用旧技术制成的设备要更为强大Electronic systems are used forihandling information in the most general sense;This
information may be the telephone conversation, the instrument reading or ‘the company’saccounts, but in each case the same main types of operation are involved;the processing, the storage and the transmission of information.In conventional electronic design,Theseoperations are combined at the function level;for example, a counter, Whether electronicor mechanical, stores the current count and increments it by one as required.A systemsuch as an electronic clock which employs counters has its storage and processing capabilities spread throughout the system because each counter is able to store and process numbers.广义的说，电子系统是用于处理信息的，这种信息可以是电话交谈、仪器读数或企业账户，但是各种情况下都涉及相同的主要操作：信息处理、储存和传送。在常规的电子设计中，这些操作都是以功能平台方式组合起来的，列如计算器，无论是电子还是机械的，都要储存当前值，并按要求将该值增1.诸如采用计数器的电子钟之类的任一系统要使其存储和处理能力遍布整个系统，因为每个计数器都能存储和处理一些数字。
Microcomputers use RAM(Random Access Memory), into which data can be written
and from which data can be read again when needed.This data can be read back from
thememory in any sequence desired, and not necessarily the same order in which it was written, hence the expression ‘ random’ access memory.Another type of memory ROM(Read
Qnty Memory)is used to hold fixed patterns of information which cannot be affected by
the microprocessor;these patterns are not lost when power is removed and are normally
used to hold the program which defines the behavior of a microprocessor based system.ROMs can be read like RAMs, but unlike RAMs they cannot be used to store variable information.Some ROMs have their data patterns put in during manufacture, while othersare programmable by the user by means of special equipment and are called programmableROMs.The widely used programmable ROMs are erasable by means of special ultravioletlamps and are referred to as EPROMs, short for Erasable Programmable Read Only Memories.Other new types of device can be erased electrically without the need for ultravioletlight, which are called Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memories, EEPROMs
计算机常使用RAM（随机存取存储器），在RAM中数据可被写入，并且在需要时可再次被读出。这种数据能以任一所希望的次序从存储器中读出，不必按写入时的相同次序，所以有“随机”存取存储器。另一类ROM（只读存储器）用来保持不受微处理器影响的固定的信息标本；这些标本在电源切断后不会丢失，并通常用来保存规定微处理器化系统运转过程的程序。ROM可像RAM一样被读取，但与RAM不一样的是不能用来存储可变信息。有些ROM在制造时将其数据标本放入，而另外的则可通过特殊的设备由用户编程，所以称为可编程ROM。被广泛使用的可编程ROM可利用特殊紫外线灯擦除，并被称为EPROM，即可擦除可编程只读存储器的缩写。另有新类型的器件不必用紫外线灯而用电擦除，所以被称为电可擦除可编程只读存储器EEPROM。
To employ feedback control, we must first measure the condition we wish to maintain at the desired standard.The condition(variable)may be temperature, pressure, flow,level ,conductivity , pH, moisture content, or the like.要应用反馈控制，我们首先必须测出所要维持的某个期望标准的对应状态。这状态（变量）可是温度、压力、流量、物位、电导体、pH值、湿度或类似。
System models can be developed by two distinct methods.Analytical modeling consists of a systematic application of basic physical laws to system components and the interconnection of these components.Experimental modeling, or modeling by synthesis, is the
selection of mathematical relationship which seems to fit observed input-output data.系统的模型可以通过两类截然不同的方法来建立。解析模型是将物理学基本定律系统性地应用于系统各组成部分及其相互之间的关联关系进而获取结果的方法。经验建模，或叫综合建模，是一种通过寻找数学关系而建立模型的方法，这种数学关系应该能够与输入-输出观测数据相配合。
第三篇：自动化专业英语
1)the parameterization of the0controller0isC=X+MQ/Y-NQ。where N,M are right coprime factors of P,X,Y satisfy NX+MY=1,Q∈RH∞
2)According to the right coprime factorization of P, N=,M=,X=,Y=By the performance of the closed-loop system
N(0)[X(0)+M(0)Q(0)]=1 N(10j)[Y(10j)-N(10j)Q(10j)]=0，So take Q in the form Q(s)=x1+x2·1/s+1+x3·1/(x+
1)²
we can get the solution of Q。x1=,x2=,x3=,Q=Finally,the controller is C=
步骤:S=1-λ/λ代人 P(λ)=λ²/6λ²-5λ+1
X=-q2/r2 ,y=1+q1q2/r2 λ=1/s﹢1
N(S)=1/(s+1)²
M(s)=(s-1)(s-2)/(s+1)² X(s)=19s-11/s+1Y(s)=s+6/s+1
C=X+MQ/Y-NQ
N(0)[X(0)+M(0)Q(0)]=1 N(10j)[Y(10j)-N(10j)Q(10j)]=0
Q(0)=6，Q(10j)=-94+70j Q(s)=x1+x2·1/s+1+x3·1/(x+
1)²
x1=-79 x2=-723 x3=808 Q(s)=(-79s²-881s+6)/(s+1)²C(s)=[-60s4-598s32
2+2515s-1794s+1]/[s(s+100)(s+9)]
A control system is stable if the number of encirclements of the(-1,0)point by the GH plot is equal to the number of poles of GH with positive real parts.The direction of encirclement must be in a direction opposite to τs.GH is on open loop transfer function.τs is open right half of s-plane.一个控制系统是稳定的数量是否包围的(1,0)点的GH图的数量相等的两极与积极的真实部分GH。被包围的方向都必须在一个τs的相反方向。
“GH”是在开环传递函数上。τs在s-plane的右半平面开放。
二．The process of designing a control system generally involves many steps.A typical scenario is as follows:
1.Study the system to be controlled and decide what types of sensors and actuators will be used and where they will be placed.2.Model the resulting system to be controlled.3.Simplify the model if necessary so that it is tractable.4.Analyze the resulting model;determine its properties.5.Decide on performance specifications.6.Decide on the type of controller to be used.7.Design a controller to meet the specs, if possible;if not, modify the specs or generalize the type of controller sought.8.Simulate the resulting controlled system, either on a computer or in a pilot plant.9.Repeat from step 1 if necessary.10.Choose hardware and software and implement the controller.11.Tune the controller on-line if necessary.r．reference or command inputvsensor outputuactuating signal, plant inputdexternal disturbanceyplant output and measured signaln．sensor noise
第四篇：西安石油大学自动化专业英语-期末考试重点单词
Architecture 体系结构
Instruction 指令集
Binary-coded 二进制编码的Central processing unit中央处理器 Processor 处理器
Location（存储单元）
Word length 字长
Field 域，字段
Address 寻址
Artificial Intelligence 人工智能
Servo control system 伺服控制系统 Group control system群控系统 Virtual reality 虚拟现实
Computer simulation 计算机仿真 End effector 终端执行操作 Step motor 步进电动机
Machine tool 机床
Knowledge base 知识库
Knowledge engineering 知识工程 Expert system 专家系统
Embedded system 嵌入式系统
Antilockbraking system 防抱死系统 Thermocouple 热电偶
Transmitter 变速器
Calibration 校准，检查
Fraction 分数，小数
Offset 静差
Weight 权
Reset time 复位时间
Reset ret 复位速率
第五篇：自动化专业英语中英对照
自动化专业英语中英文对照 retarding torque 制动转矩
inductive component 感性（无功）分量 abscissa axis 横坐标
induction generator 感应发电机
synchronous generator 同步发电机automatic station 无人值守电站hydropower station 水电站
process of self – excitation 自励过程auxiliary motor 辅助电动机
technical specifications 技术条件voltage across the terminals 端电压steady – state condition 瞬态 暂态reactive in respect to 相对….呈感性active in respect to 相对….呈阻性synchronous condenser 同步进相（调相）机
coincide in phase with 与….同相synchronous reactance 同步电抗algebraic 代数的algorithmic 算法的biphase 双相的bilateral circuit 双向电路bimotored 双马达的corridor 通路
shunt displacement current 旁路位移电流
leakage 泄漏
lightning shielding 避雷harmonic 谐波的insulator string 绝缘子串neutral 中性的zero sequence current 零序电流sinusoidal 正弦的square平方
corona 电晕,放电bypass 旁路
voltmeter 电压表ammeter 电流表micrometer 千分尺thermometer 温度计watt-hour meter 电度表wattmeter 电力表private line 专用线路diameter 直径centimeter 厘米
restriking 电弧再触发magnitude 振幅oscillation 振荡auxiliary 辅助的protective gap 保护性间隙放电receptacle 插座
lightning arrester 避雷装置bushing 套管trigger 起动装置stress 应力
deterioration 损坏,磨损spark gap 火花放电隙traveling-wave 行波
wye-connected 星形连接enclosure 设备外壳live conductor 带电导体fuse 熔断器
structural 结构上的out-of-step 不同步的resynchronize 再同步synchroscops 同步指示器
automatic oscillograph 自动示波器nominally 标称sampling 采样
potential transformer 电压互感器fraction 分数
switchyard 户外配电装置hazard 危险bushing 高压套contact 触点
energize 励磁trip coil 跳闸线圈
over-current relay 过电流继电器armature 衔铁
pickup current 始动电流release current 释放电流solenoid relay 螺管式继电器
induction-disc relay 感应圆盘式继电器cast-aluminum rotor 铸铝转子bronze 青铜horsepower 马力random-wound 散绕insulation 绝缘
ac motor 交流环电动机end ring 端环alloy 合金
inverse time relay 反时限继电器hydraulic 液力的dashpot 阻尼器pneumatic 气动的permanent magnet 永磁体electrical stressing 电气应力mechanical stressing 机械应力deviation 偏差
third harmonic voltage 三次谐波电压induction machine 感应式电机horseshoe magnet 马蹄形磁铁magnetic field 磁场eddy current 涡流
right-hand rule 右手定则left-hand rule 左手定则slip 转差率
induction motor 感应电动机rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场winding 绕组stator 定子rotor 转子
induced current 感生电流time-phase 时间相位
exciting voltage 励磁电压solt 槽
lamination 叠片
laminated core 叠片铁芯short-circuiting ring 短路环squirrel cage 鼠笼rotor core 转子铁芯coil winding 线圈绕组form-wound 模绕
performance characteristic 工作特性frequency 频率
revolutions per minute 转/分motoring 电动机驱动generating 发电
per-unit value 标么值
breakdown torque 极限转矩breakaway force 起步阻力overhauling 检修
wind-driven generator 风动发电机revolutions per second 转/秒number of poles 极数
speed-torque curve 转速力矩特性曲线plugging 反向制动
synchronous speed 同步转速percentage 百分数
locked-rotor torque 锁定转子转矩full-load torque 满载转矩prime mover 原动机
inrush current 涌流magnetizing reacance 磁化电抗
line-to-neutral 线与中性点间的staor winding 定子绕组leakage reactance 漏磁电抗no-load 空载full load 满载
Polyphase 多相(的)iron-loss 铁损
complex impedance 复数阻抗rotor resistance 转子电阻leakage flux 漏磁通locked-rotor 锁定转子chopper circuit 斩波电路separately excited 他励的compounded 复励dc motor 直流电动机de machine 直流电机speed regulation 速度调节shunt 并励series 串励
armature circuit 电枢电路optical fiber 光纤interoffice 局间的waveguide 波导 波导管bandwidth 带宽
light emitting diode 发光二极管silica 硅石 二氧化硅
regeneration 再生, 后反馈放大coaxial 共轴的,同轴的high-performance 高性能的carrier 载波mature 成熟的Single Side Band(SSB)单边带coupling capacitor 结合电容propagate 传导 传播modulator 调制器demodulator 解调器line trap 限波器shunt 分路器
Amplitude Modulation(AM 调幅
Frequency Shift Keying(FSK)移频键控
tuner 调谐器attenuate 衰减incident 入射的two-way configuration 二线制generator voltage 发电机电压dc generator 直流发电机
polyphase rectifier 多相整流器boost 增压
time constant 时间常数
forward transfer function 正向传递函数
error signal 误差信号regulator 调节器
stabilizing transformer 稳定变压器time delay 延时
direct axis transient time constant 直轴瞬变时间常数
transient response 瞬态响应solid state 固体buck 补偿
operational calculus 算符演算gain 增益pole 极点
feedback signal 反馈信号dynamic response 动态响应
voltage control system 电压控制系统mismatch 失配
error detector 误差检测器excitation system 励磁系统field current 励磁电流transistor 晶体管high-gain 高增益boost-buck 升压去磁
feedback system 反馈系统reactive power 无功功率feedback loop 反馈回路
automatic Voltage regulator(AVR)自动电压调整器
reference Voltage 基准电压magnetic amplifier 磁放大器amplidyne 微场扩流发电机self-exciting 自励的limiter 限幅器
manual control 手动控制block diagram 方框图linear zone 线性区
potential transformer 电压互感器stabilization network 稳定网络stabilizer 稳定器
air-gap flux 气隙磁通saturation effect 饱和效应saturation curve 饱和曲线flux linkage 磁链per unit value 标么值shunt field 并励磁场magnetic circuit 磁路
load-saturation curve 负载饱和曲线air-gap line 气隙磁化线
polyphase rectifier 多相整流器circuit components 电路元件
circuit parameters 电路参数electrical device 电气设备electric energy 电能primary cell 原生电池
energy converter 电能转换器conductor 导体
heating appliance 电热器direct-current 直流
time invariant 时不变的self-inductor 自感mutual-inductor 互感the dielectric 电介质storage battery 蓄电池
e.m.f = electromotive fore 电动势unidirectional current 单方向性电流circuit diagram 电路图
load characteristic 负载特性terminal voltage 端电压
external characteristic 外特性conductance 电导volt-ampere characteristics 伏安特性carbon-filament lamp 碳丝灯泡ideal source 理想电源internal resistance 内阻
active(passive)circuit elements 有（无）源电路元件
leakage current 漏电流circuit branch 支路
P.D.= potential drop 电压降potential distribution 电位分布
r.m.s values = root mean square values 均方根值
effective values 有效值
steady direct current 恒稳直流电
sinusoidal time function 正弦时间函数complex number 复数
Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标系modulus 模real part 实部
imaginary part 虚部
displacement current 位移电流
trigonometric transformations 瞬时值epoch angle 初相角
phase displacement 相位差signal amplifier 小信号放大器mid-frequency band 中频带
bipolar junction transistor(BJT)双极性晶体管
field effect transistor(FET)场效应管electrode 电极 电焊条polarity 极性gain 增益
isolation 隔离 分离 绝缘 隔振emitter 发射管 放射器 发射极collector 集电极base 基极
self-bias resistor 自偏置电阻triangular symbol 三角符号
phase reversal 反相
infinite voltage gain 无穷大电压增益feedback component 反馈元件differentiation 微分integration 积分下限impedance 阻抗fidelity 保真度
summing circuit 总和线路 反馈系统中的比较环节
Oscillation 振荡inverse 倒数admittance 导纳transformer 变压器turns ratio 变比 匝比ampere-turns 安匝(数)mutual flux 交互(主)磁通vector equation 向(相)量方程power frequency 工频
capacitance effect 电容效应induction machine 感应电机shunt excited 并励series excited 串励separately excited 他励self excited 自励
field winding 磁场绕组 励磁绕组speed-torque characteristic 速度转矩特性
dynamic-state operation 动态运行salient poles 凸极excited by 励磁field coils 励磁线圈
air-gap flux distribution 气隙磁通分布direct axis 直轴
armature coil 电枢线圈
rotating commutator 旋转（整流子）换向器
commutator-brush combination 换向器-电刷总线
mechanical rectifier 机械式整流器armature m.m.f.wave 电枢磁势波Geometrical position 几何位置magnetic torque 电磁转矩spatial waveform 空间波形
sinusoidal – density wave 正弦磁密度
external armature circuit 电枢外电路instantaneous electric power 瞬时电功率
instantaneous mechanical power 瞬时机械功率
effects of saturation 饱和效应reluctance 磁阻
power amplifier 功率放大器compound generator 复励发电机rheostat 变阻器
self – excitation process 自励过程commutation condition 换向状况
cumulatively compounded motor 积复励电动机
operating condition 运行状态
equivalent T – circuit T型等值电路rotor(stator)winding 转子（定子绕组）winding loss 绕组（铜）损耗prime motor 原动机
active component 有功分量reactive component 无功分量electromagnetic torque 电磁转矩
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