初中状语从句讲解(时间、条件)

第一篇：初中状语从句讲解(时间、条件)

初中状语从句讲解

（一）一、什么是状语？

状语是在句中起重要辅助作用的一类句子成分，用于辅助说明

时间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、比较或让步（共八种功能）；句中，状语一般由副词或副词性的词组、句子充当（修饰动词、形容词，甚至句子和副词本身）。

标出下列句子的状语：

当将上述状语改为用连接词引导的句子时，全句就被称为状语从句。根据状语在句中的不同作用，又将其划分为时间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、比较或让步状语从句。

标出下列句子的状语：

1.Everything is OK as it was in the past.2.Loves miss each other when they are apart.3.Whenever I take exams, my mind blanks out.4.More and more college students, prefer to stay in dorm.二、初中状语从句重点：时间、条件状语从句。

（一）时间状语从句中的连接词：

When / while / asafter / before / since

As soon astill（不可用于句首）/ until By the time

（解释以上连接词的意思）

（二）时间状语从句中的时态：

1.You begin to know something when you think you know nothing.2.The president laughed as he spoke.3.By the end of this year, it will be four months since they joined the army.4.We went home after we had finished the work.5.My father had left for Canada before the letter arrived.时态的一致性：主句从句

现在时现在时/过去时将来时现在时/过去时过去时过去时

提问：为什么有些动作会用进行时/完成时表示？ 观察下列句子中的动词：

While my mom was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.While my mom came in, I was watching TV.My mom was reading the newspaper while I came in.Jack left the office after he(had)finished the report.The writer had written many unknown books before he got famous overnight.（三）条件状语从句的连接词和时态：

Unlessif

时态一致性：主句从句将来时现在时（过去将来时过去时）翻译下列句子：

1.如果叫他的话他会帮你忙的。If you ask him, he will help you.2.除非下雨，比赛将照常进行。

The game will be held unless it rains.3.If I were you, I would not be so stupid.如果我是你，我不会那么笨的。

练习：

____ the days went on, the weather got worse.A.WithB.SinceC.While D.As

Tom ____ into the house when no one ____.A.slipped;was lookingB.had slipped;looked C.slipped;had lookedD.was slipping;looked

He was told that it would be at least three more months ___________.A.before he can recoverB.after he can recoverC.before he could recoverD.after he could recover They ____ the train _____ it disappeared in the distance.A.watch, afterB.watched, untilC.watched, afterD.watch, until It’s years ____ I met an old friend.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since

If you _____(open up)your mind, you ______(find)the world is full of joy.The stars are shining in the sky.There was no air pollution.(用when连接两个句子)

We _____(leave)school before we _____(finish)the homework..我们完成作业前就回家了。

第二篇：when时间状语从句讲解教案

状语从句之时间状语从句

一． 概念及分类

句子可以分为简单句，并列句和复合句。复合句中从句可分为定语从句，名词性从句和状语从句。

用来修饰谓语动词，其他动词，定语，状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句、结果状语从句。

DaMing is a brave boy.DaMing is a brave boy and he always does something special.DaMing is a brave boy, who always does something special.二，时间状语从句

引导时间状语从句的连接词一般有When, while, as, before, after, since, as soon as，until/till等。When 观察下面例句，总结其用法

1.When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas.他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。

2.When she came into my room, I was just reading a book.她走进我房间时，我正在看书。

3.Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？ 4.Sorry, I was out when you called me.对不起，你打电话来的时候我出去了。

总结：从句表示动作可以______________也可以_________________,主句和从句的先后关系_______________________________________ When从句一般用于过去时比较多，主句无时态限制。

练习

Eg:When I got to the airport, the guests had left.当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。1.When he had finished his homework, he_______(take)a short rest.当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。

2.Why do you want a new job when you____________(get)such a good one already?

你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？

3.You shall borrow the book when I _____________(finish)reading it.在我读完这本书后，你可以借阅。

4.When the manager________(come)here for a visit next week, I’ll talk with him about this.下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。

when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用 ①

Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such a good one already？

（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？

② Sorry，I was out when you called me．

（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。③ Strike when the iron is hot．

（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。④ The students took notes when they listened．（listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生 1．从句动作在主句动作前发生

① When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest．（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。

② When I got to the airport，the guests had left．（got to后发生）当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。2．从句动作和主句动作同时发生

①When we were dancing，a stranger came in． 当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。

③ When she was making a phonecall，I was writing a letter．当她在打电话时，我正在写信。填空并翻译

1．_________ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been.2．_________ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully.3．I saw her just _________ she was getting off the train.4．Have a good look at that man _________ you pass him.5.They were about to leave ______ it began to rain.在下列句子中，when的含义是____________________,作为并列连词 1.We were having a meeting when someone broke in.2.We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain 3.She was on the point of going to shop when the telephone rang.4.He had just finished his homework when someone asked him to play basketball.总结：_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 练习: 翻译一下句子

1.我正要出去有位访客来了。

____________________________________________________ 2.他正要去上学天下雨了。

____________________________________________________ 3.我刚吃过饭，妈妈让我写作业。

____________________________________________________ 4.When I lived there, I used to go to the beach on Sundays.___________________________________________________ 5.When the film ended, the people went back.____________________________________________________-

第三篇：状语从句语法讲解

高中英语状语从句

一、定义：

在句中作状语的从句是状语从句,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等.状语从句由从属连词引导,从属连词在句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,状语从句放在句首时,要用逗号,放在句尾时不用.二、分类

根据意义上的不同,状语从句可分为：①时间状语从句 ②地点状语从句 ③原因状语从句④目的状语从句 ⑤条件状语从句 ⑥结果状语从句⑦让步状语从句 ⑧方式状语从句 ⑨比较状语从句

三、时间状语从句主句是一般将来时,时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来；主句是过去将来时,从句用一般过去时表示过去将来时；主句是一般过去时,从句用一般过去时.记忆：“主将从现”

（一）引导时间状语从句的连词有：As, when(whenever), before, after, as soon as, until(till), since, every time, once.（二）、具体应用1）“while” 主、从句动作或状态同时发生.用while引导的从句用延续性动词,常表示较长的时间或一个过程.记忆：While 后用进行时.While we were having supper, all the lights went out.Please keep quiet while others are studying.While I was writing letters last night, he was watching TV.2）When表示“就在„„的时候”, while意为反而,可是,表示转折.One evening Beethoven was walking in a street, when he suddenly stopped outside a little house.3）Whenever 无论什么时候,随时

1.Whenever someone throws in some rubbish, the truck produces a piece of music.每当有人扔进一些垃圾时,它（汽车）就放一段音乐.2.Whenever we’re in trouble, they will help us.3.I go to the theatre, whenever I am free.4.Come and see me whenever you want to.你随时来看我.4）till和until(表示“直到„„”)句首多用until

1、在肯定句中表示“直到„„为止”,主句谓语动词要用延续性动词.I was waiting until/till he arrived.2、在否定句中表示“直到„„才”主句谓语动词常用终止性动词,这时until和till常被before替换.I didn' t leave till/until she came back.5）since: 主句用完成时,从句用一般过去时,since引导的从句间或可用现在完成时.It is two years since I have studied English.1.We have known each other since we were children.2.We have been friends(ever since)since we met at school.3.It is „„(一段时间)+since+一般过去时态句子.It is two years since my sister married.„„(一段时间)have/has passed since +一般过去时态句子 Two sisters have/has passed since my sister married.Since+时间点

1.I have been at home since three o' clock this afternoon.2.Maria has been in China since two years ago.6）Every time, each time, next time Every time you get back at night, you drop your boots on the floor.Every time I catch cold, I have pain in my back.Next time I go there, I will visit them.7）once 一旦„就

Once you begin, you must go on.你一开了头,就应该继续下去.四、地点状语从句

地点状语从句用where, wherever引导

We should go where the people need us.我们应该去人民需要我们的地方.Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者,事竟成.Wherever they went, they received a worm welcome.无论他们走到哪儿都受到热烈欢迎.She follow him whose he goes.他无论到哪里她总跟着.五、原因状语从句

原因状语从句用because(因为),since(既然), as(由于)引导

1、字母由多到少,语气由强到弱.2、由why提问必须用because回答.Since, as不回答why的提问,而且从句一般放在句首,because一般放在主句之后.3、before of +名词

Because of the rain, we didn' t go to the park.4、because 和so不可连用,只能选其一.（另有although, but）Why didn' t he come to school? Because he was ill.Since I must die, I must.既然我一定要死,我一定这样做.Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr Smith wanted to give John a Chance.5、for并列连词,不能放在句首,主要放在两个并列句之间.For所提供的理由为一个补充说明,而且前面常有逗号隔开.The days we short, for it is December now.六、目的状语从句 目的状语从句用so(常用于口语), that, so that, in order that引导

目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词.1.We'll sit never to the front so we can hear well.2.He studied hard so that he might succeed.3.I'll speak slowly so that you can take notes.4.They hurried to the station in order that they could catch the train.5.I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.6.I’m going to the lecture early so that I may get a good seat.七、条件状语从句

条件状语从句由if, unless,(so)as long as(只需)引导

在条件状语从句中要用一般时表示将来时（与时间状语从句相同）

We will miss the train if you don' t hurry.He said we would miss the train if we didn't hurry.You will fail the exam unless you study hard.=(if you don’t study hard)He won’t come unless he is invited.=(if he isn't invited)Eat less food unless you want to become fatter.=(if you don’t want to become better)As long as you are not afraid of difficulties, you are sure to succeed.As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.八、结果状语从句

结果状语从句由such„that, so„.that, so that, that 引导 1.Such„ that 的常用句型

such +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+that such +形容词+可数名词单数+that Such+形容词+可数名词复数（不可数名词）+that

注意so many(much, few, little)+名词,such a lot of(或lots of)+名词是惯用法,不可乱用.She is such a beautiful girl that we all like her.They were such beautiful flower that we bought home.It was such delicious food that they ate it up.2.so+形容词或副词+that so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that He is so rich that he can buy lot of things for himself.He works so hard that he did everything well.It was so hot a day that we all went swimming.It was such a good day that we all went swimming.3.so that, that都可以引导结果状语从句

He didn't study hard,(so)that he failed the exam.4.Too„to, enough„to 可以引导结果状语从句与so„that 替换,so„that结构可以用too„to替换必须具备两个条件,一是主句和结果状语从句的主语必须一致,二是从句中的谓语部分必须含有can(could)not.She is young that she can’t go to school.She is too young to go to school.She isn't old enough to go to school.九、让步状语从句 although, though even though = even if, whether„or however = no matter how whatever = no matter what whoever = no matter who whenever = no matter when wherever = no matter where

*although和though都表示“虽然”只是although 更正式,多用于句首,而though用于句中,二者都可与yet, still连用,但不与but连用

Although/Though they are poor, they often help others.They are poor, but they often help others.Although he has failed many times, he doesn' t give up trying.Whatever/No matter what you say, I won' t believe you.No matter what you say, I don' t care.No matter who you are, you must obey the rules of our school.However hard he tried, he failed again.No matter what the weather is like, you can always find surfers out riding the waves.十、方式状语从句

方式状语从句由as(如同,按照),as if(though)引导

*as和like都有“像”的意思,as是连词,后面连接句子,like是介词后面可加名词、代词或名词性短语.I did the work as others did.相当于 I did like others.You must do as I do.as if(though)两者意义相同,从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气,但实现可能性较大,则用连接词.It seems as if/though it’s going to rain.They are talking as if/though they were old friends.She treats me as if I were her brother.When you are in home,do as the Romans do.例 You must do ______ I told you.A.after B.before C.where D.as(D)The students must do ______ the teacher told them.A.as B.before C.after D.if(A)

十一、比较状语从句

比较状语从句由as„as, not as(so)„as, than, the+比较级,the+比较级引导 He swims as well as you.(do)He doesn' t swim as well as you(do).He got here earlier than you.(did)The busier he is, the happier he feels.英语语法状语从句类型综述状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语.一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式.尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不难.状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点.现分别列举如下: 1．时间状语从句

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until

特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner „ than, hardly „when, scarcely „ when

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果园)the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2．地点状语从句

常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3．原因状语从句

常用引导词：because, since, as, since

特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, inasmuch as, insomuch as

My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4．目的状语从句

常用引导词：so that, in order that

特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5．结果状语从句

常用引导词：so „ that, so„ that, such „ that，特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that，He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.6．条件状语从句

常用引导词：if, unless，特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that

We’ll start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7．让步状语从句

常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while(一般用在句首),no matter „, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他,我却不同意他的建议.The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He won’t listen whatever you may say.8．比较状语从句 常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)

特殊引导词：the more „ the more „;just as „, so„;A is to B what /as X is to Y;no „ more than;not A so much as B

She is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人,犹如油之于机器.9．方式状语从句

常用引导词：as, as if, how

特殊引导词：the way

When in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.英语语法状语从句

第四篇：时间状语从句练习题___教案

时间状语从句练习题

一、巩固练习

1.I had just started back for the house to change my clothes __d___ I heard the voices.A.as

B.after

C.while

D.when 2.Hardly had he arrived in Hongkong ____a____ she rang me up.A.when B.than C.that D.and 3.Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up ____d____ I could answer the phone.A.as

B.since

C.until

D.before 4.The roof fell __c___ he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.A.before

B.as

C.after

D.until 5.Scientists say it may be five or ten years __a___ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A.since

B.before

C.after

D.when 6._d__ the Internet is bringing the distance between people, it may also be breaking some homes or will cause other family problems.A.When

B.If

C.As

D.While 7.____a____ they heard the shout for help，they rushed out.A.Immediately B.The moment C.The while D.All the above 8.I saw Mr.Smith last Sunday.We had not seen each other ___c_____ I left London.A.as

B.before

C.since

D.till 9.The problem won’t be settled until we ____a____ a chance to discuss it thoroughly.A.have had

B.will have

C.will have had

D.would have 10.Why do you want to find a new job ______d__ you’ve got such a good one already? A.that

B.where

C.which

D.when

二、高考真题

1.I used to love that film ___b__ I was a child, but I don't feel it that way any more.(2008辽宁卷)A.once B.when C.since D.although 2.Nancy enjoyed herself so much ___c__ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.（2008福建）A.that B.which C.when D.where 3.There were some chairs left over ___b__ everyone had sat down.（2008四川卷）A.when B.until C.that D.where 4.In some places women are expected to earn money __b__ men work at home and raise their children.A.but B.while C.because D.though 5.___b___the Internet is of great help, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time on it.(2008卷)A.If B.While C.Because D.As 6.I'm sorry you've been waiting so long, but it'll still be some time __a__ Brian get back.（2008北京卷）A.before B.since C.till D.after 7.It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ___a_____ we’ve actually had that lesson.[2007 天津卷] A.until B.after C.since D.when

8.He was told that it would be at least three more months ______b_____he could recover and return work.A.when B.before C.since D.that

9.____d____ I really don’t like art ,I find his work impressive.[2007 山东卷] A．As B．Since C．If D．While

10.The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months;it will be a long time ___b__ we meet them again.[2007 安徽卷]

A.after B.before C.since D.when

第五篇：状语从句

Clauses of Condition, Concession and Contrast(条件、让步和对比从句)条件从句

由 if, unless, as(so)long as, provided / providing(that), suppose / supposing(that), in case等引导，如：

If he comes I'll tell you.You would have succeeded if you had tried harder.You will fail unless you work hard.(=You will fail if you don't work hard.)

Supposing / Suppose it rains, shall we have the match as scheduled?

In case you need anything else, please let me know.让步从句

由 although, though, even though, even if, whether...or, while, as, wh-words + ever(= no matter + wh-words)等从属连词引导，如：

He is quite modest though he is the best student in the class.The needle has the same mass whether it is hot or cold.Whichever(No matter which)plan you adopt, you will meet with difficulties.使用上述让步从句的某些从属连词时注意以下几点：

a.although(though)不可与连词 but 连用；

b.as 引导的从句意义和 though 相似，但表示的语气较强，并须将强调的词放在句首（但不用 although），如：

Simple as(though)the question may seem, it is not at all common in nature.c.however / no matter how 引导的从句中，however / no matter how 后须紧跟形容词或副词，如：

However / No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't remember all the questions.对比从句

表示两个人或两件事之间的对比，常用 while 或 whereas 引导，如：

He is idle, while his brother is diligent.Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it.Clauses of Cause, Result and Purpose(原因、结果和目的从句)原因从句

主要由下列从属连词引导：

1． Because, as, since。其中 because 语气最强，表示直接、主要原因，通常引导的从句放在句尾，特别是回答 why 提出的问题只能用 because;as 和 since 表示明显的、已知的原因，since 比 as 正式，如：

They had to move because their building was to be pulled down.As Mary was the eldest, she looked after the others.Since they live near the sea, they often go sailing.2． now that, seeing(that), considering(that), in that。这些连词与 as, since 意思相近，通常用于书面语，并且它们兼有其它意义。now that 有“时间”含义，表示”既然”，说明一种新

情况；seeing(that)和 considering(that)有“条件”含义；in that 有”某一方面”含义，如：

Now that you are well again you can travel.Seeing(that)they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.I was lucky in that I was able to find a good baby-sitter（保姆）.结果从句

常用 so that, so...that, such...that, that 等连词引导，如：

I was caught in a shower, so that all my clothes got wet.I was so tired that I could hardly keep my eyes open.He was such a good runner that I couldn't catch him.目的从句

常用 so that, in order(that), lest, for fear that 等连词引导，如：

I took a taxi so that I could be in time for the meeting.Come closer in order that you may see the blackboard better.so that 既可引导结果从句也可引导目的从句，但结果从句表示事实，通常不含情态动词；目的从句表示希望或想要实现的事实，通常含有情态动词，如：

He got up early so that he caught the train.（结果）

He got up early so that he could(might)catch the train.（目的）

Lest 和 for fear(that)含有否定意义，并且从句中动词须用 “动词原形”或 ”should + V.” 的虚拟语气，如：

He ran away lest he(should)be caught.(= He ran away in order that he would not be caught.)

I checked all the results time and again for fear that there should be any mistakes.(= I checked all the results time and again so that there wouldn't be any mistakes.)

Clauses of Manner and Comparison(方式和比较从句)方式从句

主要由 just as, as, as if, as though 等连词引导，如：

He doesn't speak the way as other people do.Our bodies are made up of millions of very small cells, just as a building is made of many stones or bricks.He speaks French as if(as though)he were a Frenchman.由 as if 或 as though 引导的从句通常用虚拟语气，但如果主句谓语是感官动词，并且所述情况实现可能性大，也可用陈述语气，如：

It looks as if the coming autumn harvest will be even better than the last one.比较从句

主要由 as...as, not so(as)...as, than 等连词引导，如：

This table is as wide as that one.Mary can not run so(as)fast as Tom.Silver conducts electricity better than other metals.Clauses of Proportion and Other Types(比例从句和其它从句)比例从句

由关联词 the...the...连接形容词或副词比较级构成，如：

The more she thought about it, the more she liked it.其它从句

如 as...so 和 what...that 引导的类比从句；so(as)far as 引导的范围从句；except that 引导的例外从句；rather / sooner than 和 would / had rather than 引导的择比从句等，如：

As the desert is like a sea, so is the camel like a ship.（沙漠似海，骆驼似舟。）

What blood vessel is to a man's body, that railway is to transportation.（铁路对于运输，好比血管对于人的身体。）

As(So)far as I know, he is an honest man.（据我所知，他是一个诚实的人。）

I would do it with pleasure, except that I am too busy.（要不是我太忙了，我会很高兴去做的。）

Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, he would beg in the streets.（他宁可沿街乞讨，也不愿意用欺骗手段骗取钱。）

He would rather have the small one than the large one.（他宁可要那个小的，而不愿要那个大的。）