第一篇：虚拟语气教案
虚拟语气Ⅱ教学案
于亚东
虚拟语气除主要用于条件句（也就是状语从句）外，还可用于主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句等。
1.虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用
“常用在It is(was)+形容词 / 过去分词+that引导的主语从句”的句型中的主语从句要用虚拟语气。主语从句的谓语用should+动词原形(或should+have+过去分词)或只用动词原形(尤其是美国英语)。should在此是助动词，本身并无实义，这种主语从句中的should有时有感情色彩。
It's important that we（should）work out a plan.（带有“要求”的含义）
It's better that he go at once.（带有“建议”的意思）
☆ 用于本句型的形容词并不多，常见形容词有：necessary，important，best, right, impossible，preferable，desirable, imperative, advisable，essential，reserved，urgent，等。
It is necessary that he（should）be sent there at once．
It's strange that he should say so.I was glad that he should go.It is important that we should speak politely.It is a pity that she should fare so badly.It's right that you should think that way.☆ 用于本句型中的过去分词就是表示提议、要求、命令等动词的过去分词，如suggested，settled, required，requested，demanded，urged，decided, proposed，ordered，desired，advised等。
It is requested that Professor Liu（should）give us a lecture．
It is desired that we（should）get everything ready by tonight．
I’m ashamed you should have done such a thing.It has been suggested that the meeting（should）be put off．有人建议推迟会议。
It is settled that you leave us, then?
注意：这种句型中的主语从句也可用陈述语气，如：It was important that he made an explicit statement on this score last week.他上个星期对于这一方面做了明确的说明，这是很重要的。
2.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
1).宾语从句在表示提议、要求、命令、意志等动词后，其谓语用should+动词原形或只用动词原形的虚拟语气，作为suggest，request，demand，urge，propose，prefer，advise，insist，require，order，command，maintain，ask，object, arrange, desire等动词的宾语。
如：
The doctor suggested that he not go there．医生建议他不要去那里。
He suggested that we should leave early.他建议我们早点动身。
The judge ordered that the prisoner should be remanded.法官命令被告还押。
2).wish的宾语的从句，表示愿望，常省去连词that。
☆ 从句的谓语动词可用过去式，表示现在的愿望（与现在事实相反），虽实现的可能性不大，但仍有实现的可能。
I wish it were true．我但愿这是真的。
☆ 从句的谓语动词还可用“could（would，might）+动词原形”用来表示将来的愿望
I wish you would stay a little longer.我希望你再待一会儿。
☆ 表示无能为力的过去愿望（与过去事实相反），可用“had +过去分词”或“could（would，might）+have+过去分词”
I wish you had called yesterday．我希望你昨天来过电话。
We wish you had come to our New Year’s party.我们真希望你来参加了我们的新年联欢会。
3).would rather, would sooner等表示愿望，其宾语从句常用虚拟过去式。
☆ 表示与现在和将来含义事实相反的虚拟语气要用动词的过去式
☆ 用过去完成式(had + 过去分词)表示过去事实相反的含义
I would rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。
I’d sooner she left the heavy end of the work to some one else.我宁愿她把重活留给别人。
4).有些动词，如think, expect, believe,其否定式的宾语从句亦可用should+动词原形。如：
I never thought he should refuse.我万没有想到他会拒绝。
She did not expect that you should come.她没有预料你会来。
3.虚拟语气在表语从句中的应用
名词suggestion，proposal，order，advice，demand等作主语，其后的表语从句中的谓语动词一般使用虚拟语气，用should +动词原形或省略should。
My suggestion is that we(should)send a few soldiers to help them.我的建议是我们应派几个战士去增援他们。
My advice is that you(should)treat her well.我的忠告是你应该善待她。
He makes the demand that she(should)leave the place at once.他提出一个要求，要求她立刻离开这个地方。
My suggestion is that we should tell him.我的建议是我们应该告诉他。
Our only request is that this should be settled as soon as possible.我们唯一的请求就是尽快解决这个问题。
注意：虚拟语气也可以用于同位语从句。
如：
There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
4.虚拟语气在定语从句中的应用
常用在It is time(that)…句型中，定语从句常用虚拟过去式
It is time the children went to bed.孩子们早该上床睡觉了。（表示催促）
It's high time that he began to think how to deal with money.他早该开始考虑如何与钱打交道。
It is time we left.我们该走了。
It is time we went to bed.我们该去睡觉了。
5.虚拟式动词原形亦常用在独立句中，表愿望
Long live the Communist Party of China！中国共产党万岁！
God bless you!上帝保佑你。
God damn it!该死的！
The devil take you!见鬼去吧！
So be it then.就那样吧。
6.虚拟时态与谓语动词时态的关系：从句中的虚拟时态往往不受全句谓语时态的影响。
1)用于主语从句。试比较：
It is important that he should know about this.他必须知道此事。
It was important that he should know about this.他必须知道此事。
2)用于宾语从句。试比较：
I suggest that we should go tomorrow.我建议我们明天走。
I suggested that we should go the next day.我建议我们第二天走。
She said, “If I were a boy I would join the army.”她说，“我如是男孩，就参军。”
She said that if she were a boy, she would join the army.她说她如是男孩就参军。
但强调现在时刻的虚拟式在间接引语中需要遵守时态一致的原则。试比较：
“If I knew how it worked, I could tell you what to do,” he said.“假如我知道它是如何运行的话，我就会告诉你该怎么办，”他说道。
He said that if he had known how it worked he could have told me what to do.他说假如他知道它是如何运行的话，他就会告诉我该怎么办。
“If I knew the answer to all your questions I'd be a genius,” he said.“我如知道你所有问题的答案，我就是天才了。”他说道。
He said that if he knew the answer to all my questions, he’d be a genius.他说他如知道我所有问题的答案，他就是天才了。
但如果全句谓语是虚拟语气，其后从句的时态则多受其影响，现在时态应随之而变为过去时态。
如：
I would think he was wrong.我看他是错了。(须用was,试比较：I think he is wrong)
It would seem that she was right.她似乎是对的。(须用was,试比较：It seems that she is right)
专项练习：
1．His doctor suggested that he ______ a short leave of absence．
A．will take
B．would take
C．take
D．took
2．The job would require that ______ at 7 o'clock every morning．
A．he will be at the factory
B．he be at the factory
C．he was at the factory
D．he has been at the factory
3．Your advice that she ______ till next week is reasonable．
A．will wait
B．is going to wait
C．waits
D．wait
4．The housemaster was strict．He requested that we ______ television on week nights．
A．not watch
B．must not to watch
C．not be watching
D．have not watched
5．It is necessary that a worker ______ his work on time．
A．accomplishes
B．can accomplish
C．accomplish
D．has accomplished
6．It is important that he ______ his decision before Friday．
A．will make
B．makes
C．make
D．must make
7．You look so tired.It's time you ______ ．
A．go to sleep
B．went to sleep
C．go to bed
D．went to bed
8．I'd rather you ______ anything about it for the time being．
A．do
B．didn't do
C．don't
D．didn't
9．But for water，it ______ impossible to live in the desert．
A．is
B．was
C．were
D．wouldn't be
10． ______ it______ for your help，I couldn't have made any progress．
A．Had；not been
B．Should；not been
C．Did；not been
D．Not；be
11．Long ______ the Party！
A．lives
B．live
C．will live
D．should live
12．Mary insisted that Tom ______ her the ring back．
A．gives
B．give
C．given
D．have given
13．My suggestion was that the meeting ______ off till next week．
A．to put
B．be put C．should put
D．be putting 14．Mother suggested that I ______ my homework first before watching TV．
A．did
B．do
C．shall do
D．have done 15．He insisted that nothing ______ till he arrived.A．must be started
B．ought to be started
C．could be started
D．should be started
16．Tom suggests that Ann ______ the house.A．can sell
B．sells
C．sell
D．sold
17．It's better that he ______ it from you.A．'ll hear
B．hears
C．should hear
D．heard
18．It was necessary that he ______ about what had happened.A．be told
B．was told
C．should tell
D．tell
19．It's astonishing that she ______ sad at news that it has nothing to do with her.A．felt
B．should feel
C．'ll feel
D．would feel
20．It was strange that we ______ short of water in the country where it was always raining.A．are
B．be
C．should be
D．both B and C
21．It is strange that she ______ marry such an ugly man.A．would
B．should
C．shall
D．must 22．It's not right that the meeting ______ off till tomorrow.A．must be put
B．must put
C．will be put
D．be put
23．It was impossible that he ______ the train, for he had started out very early.A．could have missed
B．must have missed
C．should have missed
D．should miss
24．It's a pity that he ______ such a good chance.A．should miss B．should have missed C．has missed D．all the above 25．He tried to find some excuse for the debt, but I insisted that he ______ it off at once.A．must pay
B．ought to pay
C．paid
D．pay
26．Mr.Ford insisted that he ______ right, though the others didn't think so.A．should do
B．should have done
C．had done
D．did
27．His pale face suggested that he ______ the sad news.A．should be told
B．should have been told
C．was told
D．had been told
28．He suggested that we ______ here at once.A．should leave
B．must leave
C．left
D．ought to leave
29．My order is that everyone ______ their own work in time.A．must complete
B．completed
C．completes
D．complete
30．We've made the decision that we ______ at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.A．will gather
B．are about to gather
C．would gather
D．should gather
31．----I'll be waiting for you at home.----______ I were busy and couldn't come?
A．What if
B．What when
C． How if
D．How when
32．After he was praised for what he had done, he said，“I ______ even better under harder conditions.”
A．would do
B．would have done
C．did
D．had done
33．It has been raining for a day, but even though it ______ , we ______ there by tomorrow.A．hadn't rained, couldn't get
B．hadn't rained, can't get
C．didn't rain, couldn't get
D．didn't rain, can't get
34．We could not have succeeded ______ your help.A．but for
B．without
C．if it had not been for
D．all the above
35．I dare say he is not your true friend, because a true friend ______ differently when you were in trouble.A．acted
B．had acted
C．would act
D．would have acted
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．D
4．A 5．C
6．C 7．D 8．B
9．D 10．A
11．B 12．B
13．B 14．B
15． D insist作“要求别人做某事”解，其宾语从句用should型虚拟语气。
16． C 这种should型虚拟语气，有时可将should省略，因此，C项的sell不能有人称变化。
17．C 本句话有“要求”的意思，故选C。
18． A C、D为主动，在此不妥。
19． B 选B表示了说话人带有一种十分惊讶的感情，选A项与she的人称不相一致，是错的。参见本章语法说明。
20． D
21．B should带有感情色彩。
22．D 本句带有要求之意，故从句谓语用should型虚拟语气。D项中的should被省略。
23．C 本句带有惊讶之意，故从句须用should型虚拟语气。但由于是过去的事情所产生的惊讶，所以用should+不定式完成式。
24．D 如选A，这表达了说话人对将来的事所发出的感叹，选B则是对已经过去的事情的感叹。选C则是一个直陈语气，即说话人对此并不一定感到十分惋惜，而是对此事的陈述。
25．D insist在作“坚持要求别人做某事”时，需要用should型虚拟语气，should也可以省略。
26．C insist在作“坚持自己的观点、看法等”解时，不需要用虚拟语气，所以A、B两项用在此处不当。D项时态不准确，故也应排除。
27．D suggest作建议解时，后接了should型虚拟语气，但在本句中作“表明”解，这时不用虚拟语气，A、B两项都应排除，C项时态不当。
28．A 在本句中suggest作“建议”解，故选A。
29．D “建议”、“命令”、“要求”等动词的名词形式做主语时，其表语从句也须用should型虚拟语气，本句中的should被省略。
30．D “建议”、“命令”、“要求”等动词的名词形式做主语时，后接同位语从句时也须should型虚拟语气。
31．A What if…？常用于省略疑问句，既可以用于虚拟语气，也可用于直陈语气。本句不省略的形式为What would you do if。
32．B 本句的under引出一个非真实的条件，当然也可以是真实条件。根据上下文，应理解为与过去事实相反，故其谓语动词用would have done。
33．B even though=even if意为“即使”。它同if一样可以引出一个真实的让步从句，也可以引出一个非真实的让步从句。根据上文，even though是一个非真实的与过去事实相反的让步从句。而主句we can't get there却是一个真实的情况。
34．D
35．D 从全句的意思分析，a true friend-differently实际上是指一种假设，而when引导的从句又告诉我们，这是一个与过去事实相反的假设，故用would have acted。
第二篇：英语虚拟语气教案
英语（高中）虚拟语气教案
年级：高三
教师：张勇
2018年1月23日
一、教学主题：虚拟语气
二、教学内容：if引导的虚拟条件句
三、教学目标：①掌握if引导的虚拟条件句的一般形式（与现在、过去、将来 事实相反的情况）
②掌握虚拟语气中if引导的错综时间条件句 ③掌握if省略句的构成
虚拟语气的含义：虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议与事实不符的假设等等，而不表示客观存在的事实。
知识点一：表示与现在事实相反的情况
Eg: If I were you, I would take an umbrella.从例句得出相应的语法结构：
从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形
知识点二：表示与过去事实相反的情况
Eg: If I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.从例句得出相应的语法结构： 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done
知识点三：表示与将来事实相反的情况
从句：①If+主语+should+动词原形
②If+主语+were to+动词原形
③If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词用were）
主句：主语+should/would/might/could+动词原形 Eg: If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.If you were there next month, we would play basketball with you.知识点四：
注意：①，错综时间条件句
含义：当条件状语从句表示的动作或行为和主句表示的动作或行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
Eg：If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.If they had informed us, we would come here now.②，if省略句
在虚拟条件状语从句中可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，变为倒装句式。
Eg: If he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.变为：Should he come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.变为：were she to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.If you were there next month, we would play basketball with you.变为：Were you there next month, we would play basketball with you.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.Practice：习题讲练
1, If he should not ____ tomorrow, we should put off the meeting.A.has come
B.have come
C.had come
D.come 2, If they were to ____ the research next Tuesday, I would come with them.A.did
B.do
C.have done
D.had done 3, If she worked hard next month, we would improve her salary.A.works
B.have worked
C.worked
D.had worked 4, If you had listened to my advice before, you ____ better now.A.are
B.were
C.would be
D.would have been 5, Should he not ____ tomorrow, we should put off the meeting.A.has come
B.have come
C.had come
D.come 6, Were they to ____ the research next Tuesday, I would come with them.B.did
B.do
C.have done
D.had done 7, Had you listened to my advice before, you ____ better now.A.are
B.were
C.would be
D.would have been 3
第三篇：英语语法教案第三章(虚拟语气定稿)
虚拟语气
第一部分：语气的定义和种类 语气(mood)语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。2 语气的种类
陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如： There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？ How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如： Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。
Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。
虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如： If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。May you succeed!祝您成功！
虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。让我们就从最简单的开始吧。
第二部分：虚拟语气的用法
I.简单句中虚拟语气的用法
一、动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。如：Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office? 请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？
It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。
二、表示祝愿。
1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。May good luck be yours!祝你好运！May you be happy!祝你快乐！
May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！May you have a good time.祝愿你玩的痛快。
May the friendship between us last long.祝愿我们的友情天长地久。May you be happy.(注意那个be)祝你幸福。
2、用动词原形。例如：
(1)Long live the people!人民万岁！
(2).“God bless you,”said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！”
(3).Have a good journey!祝愿你旅途愉快！
3、表示强烈愿望。（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”）(1).God save me．(2).Heaven help us．
第三部分：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
I.宾语从句中的虚拟语气
一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气
在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。
1、表示与现在的事实相反，wish后宾语从句中的谓语动词用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。1)I wish(that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道)2)I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能)3).I wish I were a bird.但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能)4).When she was at the party, she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家)5).Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood)现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂)6).When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(事实上并不和我们在一起)
2、对过去情况的虚拟（和过去的事实相反）：Wish后宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时，或would, could, might+现在完成时。例：
1）I wish(that可省略，下同)I hadn't wasted so much time.我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(事实上已浪费了)2）He wishes he hadn't lost the chance.他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去)3）We wished he had spoken to us.(事实上他并没同我们讲)4）I wish you had called earlier.(事实上已迟了)5）They will wish they had listened to us sooner.(事实上并不如此)例题分析：I wish I ______ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A.could have slept B.slept C.might have slept D.have slept 动词wish后面接从句，表达不可能实现或与事实相反的情况时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即用过去式（表示现在发生的动作）或过去完成式（表示过去发生的动作）。本题后半句谓语动词have用的是过去时had to get up and come, 所以前面要用过去完成时表示过去发生的动作。所以, 选项A（could have slept）是答案
3）、对将来情况的虚拟(表示将来的主观愿望)：
如果wish表示对将来事情的愿望。宾语从句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might + 动词原形”(时间上较后)(请注意：主句和从句的主语不相同)。
1）.I wish it would stop raining.我希望雨能停止。(事实上雨还在下着呢)2）.I wish you would be quiet 我希望你安静一些。(事实上那家伙还在吵着呢)3）.You wished she would arrive the next day.你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到)4）.I wish she would change her mind.我希望她会改变主意。(呵呵，女孩子可没那么容易就改变主意喔)5）.He will wish we would join him the following week.(只是希望我们和他在一起，实际上还没在一起)注意：.如果将wish改为过去式wished, 其后that 从句中的动词形式不变。例如： I wished I hadn't spent so much money.我要是那时没有花掉那么多钱就好了。
2.如果wish后宾语 从句中用would , 一般表示对现状不满或希望未来有所改变或请求 I wish he would answer my letter.I wish prices would come down.I wish you would help me.I wish you would stop asking silly questions.二、在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气的用法
由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：
表示“要求”的：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg 表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move, propose, suggest, recommend, advise, vote 表示“决定、命令”的：decide, order, command, demand 表示“主张”的：maintain, urge 表示“同意、坚持”的：consent, insist 例如：
1.The doctor suggested that he(should)try to lose his weight.2.He insisted that we(should)tell him the news.3.When I suggested that he(should)try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and water do the job.”(当我建议他用刮胡膏时，他说“剃刀和水就行了”。)4.He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work.(他费了几天功夫寻找理论根据，直到我建议拆开看看它是如何转动的。)
三、在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中，我们经常用“should＋动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等。
I never thought that he should be such a brave young soldier.我们从来没想到他是个如此勇敢的小战士。
四、在would rather，would sooner，had rather，would(just)as soon，would prefer之后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气的用法
would rather , would sooner, had rather, would(just)as soon，would prefer（希望）也用来表达主观愿望，它们之后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反。表示”宁愿做什么”或“对过去做的事的懊悔”。
(1).I would rather he came tomorrow than today.(2).John would rather that she had not gone to the party yesterday evening.(3).I would rather everything hadn' t happened in the past.(4).The manager would rather his daughter did not work in the same office．经理宁愿她女儿不与他在同一间办公室工作。
(7).To be frank，I'd rather you were not involved in the case．坦率地说，我希望你不要卷入这件事。
(8).You don't have to be in such a hurry．I would rather you went on business first．你没有必要这么着急，我宁愿你先去上班。
(9).I'd rather you didn't make any comment on the issue for the time being．我倒希望你暂时先不要就此事发表意见。
(10).Frankly speaking，I'd rather you didn't do anything about it for the time being．坦白地说，我宁愿你现在对此事什么也不要做。
(11).Wouldn't you rather your child went to bed early？为什么你不愿让你的孩子早点上床呢？(12).I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday．我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。注：若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用动词原形 I would rather stay at home today． would rather．．．than．．．中用动词原形 I would rather stay at home than go out today．
II：主语从句中的虚拟语气
一、“It is(was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that„„”结构中的虚拟语气的用法
在“It is(was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that„„”结构中，某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、可能、适当、较好、迫切、紧近、重要等形容词后的主语从句中的谓语也用虚拟语气。其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或省略should直接用动词原形（美国英语中省去should）常用的形容词： natural(自然的), appropriate(适当的), advisable(合适的), preferable(更可取的), better(更好的)，necessary(必须的), important(重要的), imperative(急需的), urgent(急迫的), essential(本质的), vital(必不可少的)probable(很可能的), possible(可能的)，desirable(极好的)，advisable（合理的），compulsory（必须的），crucial（紧急的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），incredible（惊人的），necessary（必要的），possible（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（紧迫的）。
常用的过去分词(Past Participle): required(需要的), demanded(要求), requested(被请求的), desired(要求)，suggested(建议), recommended(推荐)，ordered(命令)1.It is necessary that we(should 可省略, 下同)have a walk now.2 It was necessary that we(should)make everything ready ahead of time.3.It is required that nobody(should)smoke here.(表示要求不要在此抽烟)4.It is important that every pupil(should)be able to understand the rule of school.(表示重要的是学生都能了解校规)5.It's important that we(should)take good care of the patient.6.It is natural that she should do so.7.It is essential that these application forms（should）be sent back as early as possible． 这些申请表应尽早地寄回，这是很重要的。
8.It is vital that enough money（should）be collected to fund the project． 重要的是募集足够的钱，为这个项目提供资金。
9.It is desired that we（should）get everything ready this evening． 希望我们今晚一切都准备就绪。
注：在上述所列形容词后面用that引出的宾语从句中，谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。
10.I don't think it advisable that Tom（should）be assigned to the job since he has no experiences.汤姆缺乏经验，指派他做这项工作我认为是不恰当的。
二、在It is ＋名词＋that„的主语从句中的虚拟语气
在It is ＋名词＋that的主语从句中，常用虚拟语气，表示建议、命令、请求、道歉、怀疑、惊奇等。这类名词有：advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，motion，order，pity，proposal, recommendation，requirement，resolution，shame，suggestion，surprise，wish，wonder等。It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad．我建议派他去国外进一步学习。III.虚拟语气用在表语从句或同位语从句中
当某些表示建议、请求、命令等主观意向的名词作主语时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句需用虚拟语气，其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或直接用动词原形。这类名词常见的有：
demand(要求), desire(请求), requirement(要求), advice(劝告), recommendation(建议), suggestion(建议)order(命令)necessity(必要地), preference(优先)proposal(计划), plan(计划), idea(办法)，recommendation等。
We are all for your proposal that the discussion be put off．我们都赞成你提出的将讨论延期的建议。
The suggestion that the mayor present the prizes was accepted by everyone．由市长颁发奖金的建议被每个人接受。
The advice is that we(should 可省略，下同)leave at once.My idea is that we(should)get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we(should)hold a meeting next week.IV.虚拟语气用在It is（about ／high）time ＋that定语从句中 在It is（about／high）time ＋that从句中需用虚拟语气，表示“该做„„的时候了”，其动词形式用一般过去时或should ＋动词原形。
It's already 5 o'clock now．Don't you think it's about time we went home？现在已经5点钟了，你不认为我们应该回家了吗？
注：在this is the first time ／second time that．．．句型中，从句中谓语动词用陈述语气完成时态。例如：
Is this the first time that you have visited Hongkong？这是你第一次参观香港吗？ V.虚拟语气用在as if（as though）引导的方式状语从句中。
（一）在as if（as though）引导的方式状语从句中，常用虚拟语气，其动词形式与wish后接宾语从句中的形式相同。Alan talked about Rome as if he were a Roman．艾伦谈起罗马来好像他是个罗马人一样。2 He pretends as if he didn't know the thing at all, but in fact he knows it very well.（用过去式表示与现在事实相反的假设）
3．The old man looked at the picture, he felt as though he had gone back to 20 years ago.(用过去完成式表示与过去相反的事实)那老人看着照片，他觉得仿佛回到20年前了。
4。They talked and talked as if they would never meet again.(would + 原形动词meet，表示与将来事实相反)他们谈了又谈，仿佛他们不会再相见的样子。
（二）虚拟语气用在lest，for fear that及in case引导的目的状语从句中。
在由lest等引导的目的状语从句中需用虚拟语气，表示“以防，以免” 等意思，其谓语动词多由should＋动词原形构成，should也可省略。
He was punished lest he should make the same mistake again．他被处以惩罚以免他再犯。VI、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法： 条件从句有两类：（1）真实条件句；（2）虚拟条件句。如果假设情况有可能发生的，就是“真实条件句”。如： If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话，我们就一起去钓鱼。)如果假设的情况与事实相反，则为“虚拟条件句”。如：
If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.如果昨天下雨的话，我们就会留在家里。）
这种句子一般由“从句”（Subordinate Clause）和“主句”(Main Clause)组成。如上例：
If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.“If it had rained yesterday” 就是“从句”；“we would have stayed at home” 则为主句。无论从句或主句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。它们所用的动词有三种时态(Tenses)，就是： 现在时态、过去时态、将来时态。
.一、与现在事实相反的假设(事情的发生都在同一时间内): 从句中用：if + 主语 + 动词的过去式(be 用 were)主句中用：主语 + would(should, could , might)+ 动词原形
例如：1.If I were you, I would go with him.2.If I were you, I should buy it.3.If I had time, I would study French.(如果有时间，我会学习法文。)（从句用过去式动词had，主句用动词原形 study）
4.If she knew English, she would not ask me for help.(如果她懂英文，她就不必要我帮了。)(从句用过去式动词knew, 主句用动词原形ask)注意：如果动作在进行中，主句要用：“主语 + would be + 进行式动词 ” 5.If they were here, he would be speaking to them now.(从句用过去式动词were, 主句用 would be speaking)
二、与过去事实相反的假设(假设从句的事实为过去的事)： 从句用：If + 主语 + had +过去完成式动词
主句用：主语 + would(should, could, might)+ have +过去完成式动词 +„„ 1.If you had studied harder last term, you could have passed exam.(从句动词用had studied, 主句动词用have passed)如果你在上个学期用功一些，你就会在考试中过关了。
2.If you had taken my advice, you wouldn't have failed in the exam.(从句动词用had taken, 主句动词用have failed)如果你当时听从我的劝告的话，你就不会在考试中失败了。
3.If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.(从句动词用had got up, 主句动词用 have caught)如果你起身得早一点，你就会赶得上火车了。
4.If it had snowed, I would have skied in the park.(从句动词用had snowed, 主句动词用 have skied)如果下雪的话，我就可在公园里滑雪了。
注意：如果动作在进行中，主句要用：“主语 + would + have + 完成进行式动词 5.If they had been here, he would have been speaking to them.(从句动词用had been, 主句动词用 have been speaking)
三、与将来的事实可能相反(对将来的事实实现的可能性不大)： 句：If + 主语 + should(或were)+ 动词原形 +„„
句：主语 + would(could, should, might)+ 动词原形 +„„ 1.If it should rain, the crops would be saved.(从句动词用should rain，主句动词用 be)如果天下雨，庄稼可能就收获了。
2.If he were to go tomorrow, he might tell you.(从句动词用were to, 主句动词用 tell)如果明天他走的话，他可能会告诉你。
3.If he were here, I would give him the books.(从句动词用 were, 主句动词用 give)如果他在这儿，我可能会把书给他。
注意：如果动作在进行中，从句(不是主句喔)要用：”If + 主语 + 过去进行式动词+„„“ 4.If she were staying here now, I would let her ride my horse.(从句动词用 were staying, 主句动词用 let)如果她现在留在这儿，我可能会让她骑我的马。
从句的 If 有时可省略，那么从句中的动词(were, had, should)就得移到主语前面： 1.原句：If she were younger, she would do it.去If：Were she younger, she would do it.(把动词were移到主语she的前面)2.原句：If he had tried it, he could have done it.去If：Had he tried it, he could have done it.(把had移到主语he的前面)
四、错综条件句（混合型条件句）中虚拟语气的用法有时虚拟条件句的从句和主句的动词动作时态会不一致：
（一）从句表示过去，主句表示将来：
If they had started the early morning yesterday, they would be here now.（二）从句表示将来，主句表示过去：
If I were not to make a preparation for my experiment this afternoon, I would have gone to see the film with you last night.（三）从句表示过去，主句表示将来： If we hadn't made adequate preparations, we shouldn't dare to do the experiment next week.（四）从句表示将来，主句表示现在：
If we shouldn't have an exam this afternoon, I would go shopping now.（五）省略了条件句的虚拟语气的用法（隐含型条件句）
有时候句中省略了条件句，而用 without / but for / in the absence of ”要不是“、”如果没有"，表示条件虚拟句：
1.Without air, nothing could live.要是没有空气，什么也不能生存。
2.But for your assistance, we could not accomplish it.要不是你的帮忙，我们是难有成就的。
3.In the absence of water and air, nothing could live.如果没有水和空气，什么也不能生存。
The exercises for subjunctive mood
1.He acted ____ he had never lived in China before.a.as though b.even if c.as d.since 2.____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive.a.If he went b.Were he gone c.Should he have gone d.Had he gone 3.If you were older, I ____ you to go there yesterday.a.will allow b.should allow c.would have allowed d.had allowed 4.The secretary suggested that they ____ the men in at once.a.had brought b.should have brought c.brought d.bring 5.I wish I ____ able to tell him all about it last night.a.was b.were c.had been d.should be 6.If we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus.a.arrived/would catch b.arrived/would have caught c.had arrived/had caught d.had arrived/would have caught 7.If I ____ more time, I would have gone with him.a.had b.had had c.have had d.would have 8.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.a.would come b.came c.would have come d.had come 9.The Jade Emperor ordered that the Monkey King _____ right away.a.would be arrested b.must be arrested c.be arrested d.had to be arrested 10.Jane's uncle insisted ____ in this hotel any longer.a.not staying b.not to stay c.that he not stay d.staying not 11.Don't touch the sleeping tiger.If he woke up, he _____ you.a.would come to b.would come at c.would have come toward d.will come to 12.Without electricity human life _____ quite different today.a.is b.will be c.would have been d.would be 13.How I wish I ____ to repair the watch!I only made it worse.a.had tried b.hadn't tried c.have tried d.didn't try 14.He demanded that the laboratory report ___ immediately after the experiment was done.a.was written b.be written c.must be written d.would be written 15.The man insisted that he _____ there.a.should send b.would be sent c.sent d.be sent 16.If he had not gone out in the storm _____.a.he will be alive now b.he would be alive now c.he would have been alive now 17.If it ___ tomorrow, what would we do? a.rains b.were to rain c.would rain d.rain 18.It is required that you ____ at six.a.will arrive b.arrive c.arrived d.would arrive 19.If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do.a.had known b.would know c.should know d.knew 20.He spoke in a quiet, distinct voice, as though his thought _____.a.was far away b.had been far away c.were far away d.went far away.21.If it ___ rain, we ___ get wet.a.is to, should b.were to, would c.were going to, would d.was going to, should 22.If he ___ to the teacher attentively, he ___ the answer to the problem now.a.had listened, would have known b.listened, would know c.listened, would have known d.had listened, would know 23.But for the party, he ___ of hunger 30 years ago.a.would have died b.would die c.must have died d.must die 24.___ today, he would got there for holiday.a.Was he leaving b.Were he to leave c.Would he leave d.If he leaves 25.I would have come earlier, but I ___ that you were waiting for me.a.didn’t know b.hadn’t know c.would have known d.haven’t known 26.It’s high time that we ___ to school.a.would to b.went c.go d.will go 27.It seems as if it ___ rain.a.will b.is going to c.is to d.were going to 28.I’d rather you ___ right away.a.leave b.left c.will leave d.to leave 29.He is working hard for fear that he ___.a.fails b.failed c.would fail d.fail 30.It is really strange that the girl ___ so early.a.has been married b.has married c.be married d.would marry 31.Supposing I ___ this gift, what would he say? a.accept b.accepted c.should accept d.would accept 32.The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students ___ two weeks to prepare for the exam.a.give b.should give c.be given d.would be given 33.I was busy yesterday, otherwise I ___ your birthday party.a.attended b.had attended c.would attend d.would have attended 34.He insisted that he ___ me before.a.see b.should see c.had seen d.saw 35.The two strangers talked as if they ___ friends for years.a.were b.would be c.have been d.had been 36.We ___ our lives had it not been for the policeman.a.would have lost b.should lose c.might lose d.could have lost 37.----I thought you would come back tomorrow.----I would if I ___ to attend a meeting.a.don’t have b.didn’t have c.will not have d.would not have 38.He wishes ___ mistakes.a.he doesn’t always make b.he isn’t always making c.he didn’t always make d.he wouldn’t always making 39.It ___ very nice if only it were possible.a.will be b.would be c.is d.were 40.Without your help, our team ___ the last match.a.won’t win b.will lose c.wouldn’t have won d.can’t win 41.I wish ___ I what to do.a.knew b.have known c.know d.would know 42.___, I would take an umbrella with me.a.Had I been you b.I were you c.Were I you d.I had been you 43.If I had hurried, I ___ the train.a.would catch b.could catch c.would have caught d.had caught 44.He insisted that John ___ it.a.do b.does c.did d.would do 45.It is high time we ___ off.a.are b.were c.be d.will be 46.He felt as if he ___ more time to study for the test.a.needs b.were needed c.needed d.need 47.It is important that I ___ with Mr.Willians immediately.a.speak b.spoke c.will speak d.to speak 48.James wishes he ___ the football game instead of the film.a.saw b.see c.had been seen d.had seen 49.I wish ___.a.he left b.he leaves me alone c.he be left d.he would leave me alone 50.If I had known that, I ___ so.a.wouldn’t do b.wouldn’t have done c.won’t do d.have not done 51.The doctor suggested that she ___.a.will not smoke b.not smoke c.would not smoke d.did not smoke 52.If I ___ you, I wouldn’t return the call.a.be b.am c.was d.were 53.You talk as if you ___ there.a.were really b.has really been c.had really been d.would really be 54.He suggested that the work ___ at once.a.would started b.would be started c.should started d.should be started 55.It is strange that such a thing ___ in your school.a.will happen b.happen c.should happen d.happened 56.It is imperative that you ___ on time.a.are b.will be c.be d.would be 57.I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ___ there.a.was b.were c.had been d.went 58.It is time we ___ up our results.a.sum b.summed c.will sum d.would sum 59.If the doctor had been available, the child ___.a.would not die b.would not have died c.could not die d.could not have died 60.Dr.Bethune worked hard as if he ___.a.never had felt tired b.had never felt tired c.never felt tired d.was tired never 61.I enjoyed the movie very much.I wish I ___ the book from which it was made.a.have read b.had read c.should have read d.am reading 62.You are late.If you ___ a few minutes earlier, you ___ him.a.came/ would meet b.had come/ would have met c.come/ will meet d.had come/ would met 63.I wish my husband ___ as well as yours.a.had dressed b.dress c.will dress d.dressed 64.Edison kept phosphorus carefully in a bottle lest it ___.a.would burn b.burned c.was burning d.should burn 65.He looked as if he ___ ill for a long time.a.was b.were c.has been d.had been 66.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child ___.a.would not have been lied there for two hours b.would not have laid there for two hours c.would not have lied there for two hours d.would not have lain there for two hours 67.I wish that I ___ with you last night.a.went b.could go c.have gone d.could have gone 68.Let’s say you could go there again, how ___ feel? a.will you b.should you c.would you d.do you 69.Mr.Brown left for London long ago.That’s pity.I wish ___.a.I meet him.b.I’ll have met him c.I’d had met him d.I’d meet him 70.I can’t stand him.He always talks as though he ___ everything.a.knew b.knows c.has known d.had known 71.I wish I ___.a.will tell him that b.didn’t tell him that c.told him not that d.had not told him that 72.If you had told me in advance, I ___ him at the airport.a.would meet b.would had meet c.would have met d.would have meet 73.Kunar can take his car apart and put it back together again.I certainly wish he ___ me how.a.teaches b.will teach c.has taught d.would teach 74.I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I ___ so busy then.a.had been b.were c.was d.would be 75.I wish I ___ able to tell him all about it last night.a.should be b.were c.had been d.was 76.If it ___ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off.a.had rained b.would had rained c.have seen c.did see 77.He suggested that they ___ use a trick instead of fighting.a.should b.would c.do d.had 78.My father did not go to New York;the doctor suggested that he ___ there.a.not went b.won’t go c.not go d.not to go 79.I would have gone to the meeting if I ___ time.a.had had b.have had c.had d.would have had 80.John wished ___.a.he will study more b.he had studied more c.he studies d.he won’t have studied more 81.You look so tired tonight.It is time you ___.a.go to sleep b.went to sleep c.go to bed d.went to bed 82.“Why didn’t you buy a new car?” “I would have bought one if I ___ enough money.” a.had b.have had c.would have d.had had 83.I recommended that the student ___ his composition as soon as possible.a.finishing writing b.should finish the writing c.finish writing d.finished writing 84.If she could sew, ___.a.she make a dress b.she would have made a shirt c.she will make a shirt d.she would had made a coat 85.___ today, he would get there by Friday.a.Would he leave b.Was he leaving c.Were he to leave d.If he leaves 86.His doctor suggested that he ___ a short trip abroad.a.will take b.would take c.take d.took 87.The Bakers arrived last night, if they’d only let us know earlier, ___ at the station.a.we’d meet them b.we’ll meet them c.we’d have met them d.we’ve met them 88.If I __ you, I ___ more attention to English idioms and phrases.a.was/ shall pay b.am/ will pay c.would be/ would pay d.were/ would pay 89.We might have failed if you ___ us a helping hand.a.have not given b.would not give c.had not given d.did not give 90.The Law requires that everyone ___ his car checked at least once a year.a.has b.had c.have d.will have 91.I wish ___ I busy yesterday;I could have helped you with the problem.a.hadn’t been b.weren’t c.wasn’t d.have not been 92.Had I known her name, ___.a.or does she know mine? b.and where does she live? c.she would be beautiful d.I would have invited her to lunch 93.He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ___ all about that.a.know b.knows c.known d.knew 94.If I ___ the money, I would have bought a much bigger car.a.possessed b.owned c.had d.had had 95.I wish I ___ a young man again.a.am b.was c.were d.will be 96.The librarian insists that John ___ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he had borrowed.a.will take b.took c.take d.takes 97.I left very early last night, but I wish I ___ so early.a.didn’t b.hadn’t left c.haven’t left d.couldn’t leave 98.I do not have a job.I would find one but I ___ no time.a.had b.didn’t have c.had had d.have 99.I wish that you ___ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.a.hadn’t b.didn’t have had c.hadn’t had d.hadn’t have 100.He insisted that we all ___ in his office at one o’clock.a.be b.to be c.would be d.shall be 101.Helen couldn’t got to France after all.That’s too bad, I’m sure she would have enjoyed it if ___.a.she’s gone b.she’ll go c.she’d gone d.she’d go 102.I must go there earlier.John has suggested that I ___ an hour before the discussion begins.a.go b.shall go c.will go d.would go 103.If her husband had not liked the dress ___.a.she would be delighted b.he would get mad c.she would have returned it d.she must have taken it back to the store 104.If I ___ you, I ___ worry.a.were/ wouldn’t b.was/ wouldn’t c.been/ would have d.be/ would 105.We ___ delighted if the report ___ true.a.were/ were b.shall be/ were c.should be/ were d.were/ would be 106.If he ___ here, he ___ you.a.had been/ would have helped b.would have been/ should have helped b.were/ had helped d.would have been/ would had helped 107.If I ___ so busy, I ___ the lecture that day.a.were not be/ should attend b.should not/ should have attend c.was not/ would attend d.had not been/ would have attended 108.If I ___ the way to New York, I ___.a.knew / would drive b.knew/ will drive c.knew/ would have drive d.had known/ would drive 109.But for the leadership of our Party, we ___.a.shouldn’t succeed b.could not have succeed c.will not succeed d.should not have succeeded 110.You ___ the train if you ___ a little earlier.a.could take/ started b.could have taken/ had started c.could take/ had started d.could have taken / started
Key to the subjunctive mood exercises: 1.a 2.d 3.c 4.d 5.c 6.d 7.b 8.c 9.c 10.c 11.b 12.d 13.b 14.b 15.d 16.c 17.b 18.b 19.d 20.b 21.b 22.d 23.a 24.b 25.a 26.b 27.b 28.b 29.d 30.c 31.b 32.c 33.d 34.c 35.d 36.a 37.b 38.c 39.b 40.c 41.a 42.c 43.c 44.a 45.b 46.c 47.a 48.d 49.d 50.b 51.b 52.d 53.c 54.d 55.c 56.c 57.c 58.b 59.b 60.b 61.b 62.b 63.d 64.d 65.d 66.d 67.d 68.c 69.c 70.a 71.d 72.c 73.d 74.c 75.c 76.a 77.a 78.c 79.a 80.b 81.d 82.d 83.c 84.b 85.c 86.c 87.c 88.d 89.c 90.c 91.a 92.d 93.d 94.d 95.c 96.c 97.b 98.d 99.c 100.a 101.c 102.a 103.c 104.a 105.c 106.a 107.d 108.a 109.d 110.b
第四篇：如何应用虚拟语气
如何应用虚拟语气
朱可宝
我们在日常生活中经常会听到这样一些话，“要是我有足够的资金，我会买一辆属于自己的轿车。”“要是再仔细一点，我就会考满分。”“我要是你的话，我就会接受她的邀请.”其实，诸如此类的句子就是我们英语学习中的一个重要的知识点——虚拟语气。我们自觉不自觉地运用了虚拟语气来我们的情感。
在新课标教材中虚拟语气是一个很重要的语言知识点，在高考中也是必考内容之一。高三学生要重视对虚拟语气的复习。我们复习这个语言点时重点要复习习惯用法，特殊句型，以及和情态动词一起使用。我们先看非真实的条件句中的谓语动词。有三种情况，（一）与过去事实相反的假设，其固定结构是条件（假设）部分谓语动词用had done, 主句（结论）部分用would/should/could/might+ have done(主动)/have been done(被动).表示“要是过去（不）做了。。，就（不）会有。。发生或出现”这样一种心情。例如，If you had worked hard, you wouldn’t have failed in the exam.（要是你真的努力了，你就不会考试不及格了。）言外之意就是说平时不努力，不及格自然是很正常的，表示一种既惋惜又责备的心情。
（二）与现在事实相反的假设，其固定结构为条件(假设)部分的谓语动词用过去式，主句(结论)部分用would/should/could/might do（主动）/be done(被动).例如，If I were you, I would buy a new car rather than a second-hand one.(要是我是你的话，我就买一辆新车而不是二手车。)务必注意，虚拟语气中只用能用were, 不能用was.（三）与将来事实相反的假设，其固定结构是这样的，条件(假设)部分的谓语动词用过去式/were to do/should do, 主句（结论）用would/could/should/might do(主动)/be done(被动).例如，If it were to rain/should rain/rained tomorrow, we would put off the visit to the Great Wall.(要是明天下雨的话，我们就推迟去长城。)特别要提醒的是，(一)如果条件句中有were/ had/should时，可以采用省略if的句式，方法就是将were/should/had调到句首。例如，Had we left earlier, we would have arrived there on time.(If we had left earlier, we would have arrived there on time.)
（二）Without…/But for…/otherwise….相当于一个非真实条件句，谓语动词也要用虚拟语气。例如，Without your help, I wouldn’t have finished this work.(If you hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have finished this work.)I really had so much work to do yesterday, otherwise I would have gone shopping with you.(I really had so much work to do.If I hadn’t been so much work to do, I would have gone shopping with you.)虚拟语气在从句中的应用也较多。主要有以下几个方面：1，用在wish 的宾语从句中。表示不能或难于实现的愿望。例如，I wish I could fly to the moon one day.（但愿有一天我能够飞到月球上去。）2，用在suggest/order/command/demand等表示建议，要求，命令之后的从句中，用should do/should be done.Should可以省略，只保留do/be done例如，The teacher suggested that this plan(should)be discussed first.（老师建议这个计划要先讨论一下。）3, 用在as if/as though之后的从句中。例如，She danced as if she were a professional dancer.（她的舞跳得仿佛她就是一个职业舞蹈者。）4，用在it is(high)time之后的从句中。表示到了该做某个事情的时候了。例如，The big exam is coming, it is high time we should work harder.（大考临近了，我们该努力了。）5，用在would rather 之后的从句中。表示一种愿望。例如，I would rather she didn’t miss the flight.（但愿她没有错过航班。）6，用在if only 之后的从句中。例如，If only I had worked harder.（我要是学习再刻苦一点就好了。）
当然，虚拟语气的应用远不止以上这些。在实际生活中的运用很复杂。要想熟练自如地使用虚拟语气，我们必须在平时交流中尽可能多地运用虚拟语气来表达我们的羡慕，嫉妒，批评，责备和愿望。只有这样，我们才能熟谙虚拟语气。
第五篇：虚拟语气说课稿
我这节说课的题目是：高三英语虚拟语气复习课。
一、说教材：（教学内容分析）
虚拟语气是高中英语学习的重点以及难点内容，掌握虚拟语气与客观事实相反的三种情况，即与过去，现在和将来相反的三种情况下，从句和主句动词的合适使用。虚拟语气的内容多，学生容易混淆，处理难度大。因而课本也用了较多内容进行讲解。本节选择了虚拟语气的两种句式if条件从句与wish宾语从句进行讲解。
虚拟语气，在高考中这几年出现的越来越频繁，几乎成了逢考必出的语法点。而学生的书面表达，若能用虚拟语气造一两个句子，显然能够提高写作的档次，所以，这个语法知识的练习总结也就显得很有必要了。
二、说学生:（学情分析)就学生而言，基础参差不齐。虚拟语气在平时的考试训练中一直都是他们感觉比较头疼的一个问题。大多学生基础薄弱，所以对于该语法知识的点我从最基础的着手，涉猎的点大都是常考点。
三、教学目标：
1.了解并掌握虚拟语气中与客观事实相反的基本用法，学会解决高考中的试题，能够将虚拟语气运用到生活当中。2.通过语法练习和语言实践练习，让学生构建一个完整的语法知识体系以便能够灵活所学到的知识，做到举一反三。
本节课的目的是想通过对虚拟语气专项的训练和总结，让学生能够真正掌握虚拟语气，以达到熟练做题，并在写作中运用的目的。
四、教学重点：
了解和掌握虚拟语气语法项目和基本原则。
重点句式：
（1）if 引导的条件从句的虚拟语气；
（2）wish/as if /if only 后面宾语从句的虚拟用法；
五、教学难点：
能运用虚拟语气去完成试题练习并能运用到情景对话当中
六、说教学模式： 教法采用的是任务型教学法。结合学生的自主学习，合作探究，利用1T4P教学模式，把各个任务由易到难分解到4个环节中 在各项任务的设计方面尽可能的简化，但是也有个别难点需要满足部分优秀学生的需要。
七、说教学设计： Step 1: Presentation 在Preparation环节，我通过展示几幅图片来引出几个使用虚拟语气的情景：我要是拥有很多线，我会买一栋别墅。他要是开车小心点，昨天就不会出车祸了。我要是明天能见到姚明，我要向他索要签名。图图希望每天都是他的生日。和现在相反的虚拟，和过去相反的虚拟，和将来相反的虚拟，以及在宾语从句中的虚拟一一点出，让学生去感知虚拟语气的概念，了解虚拟语气的使用。
Step 2: Presentation 在这个环节设计了五个任务：虚拟语气在各种不同情境下的时态，混合型虚拟的使用，含蓄条件句中的虚拟，虚拟语气的省略倒装和虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用。后四个都是常考的重点，虚拟语气的省略倒装和在名词性从句中的使用是难点。
在整个教学过程中，对于学生的学习活动前三个安排的都是自主学习，问题设计的也不难，旨在通过学生对语法知识的复习来巩固他们以前所学的知识并进一步强化。对于虚拟语气的省略设计的是同桌合作，小范围的探究解决问题。而对于虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用则是分组讨论总结，以求达到夯实语言基础的目的。
Step3: Practice Practice环节是在近几年的高考试题中选取了十道和虚拟语气相关的单选题，让学生去感知这个只是点在高考中的出题方向，并能在掌握知识后正确的做题来树立自信心。这一部分他们独立完成后核对答案并提出问题，如果有必要，我会为他们对本节知识做进一步的总结和补充。
Step4: Production 第四个环节，即production环节，我设计了七道纠错题，这些错误也是学生在平时的写作中常出现的问题，虚拟语气在书面表达中具有举足轻重的地位，所以，让学生学会运用虚拟语气写出一些高质量的句子，我认为很有必要。Homework: 对于作业布置，一是让学生再次认真复习学案上列出的有关虚拟语气的知识点，而是给他们提供了三个汉语句子让他们翻译，让他们再次感知虚拟语气语法在句子中使用的奥妙。
七、设计理念及反思： 1.理念
本节课开始向学生讲解英语语法中有关虚拟语气的内容。虚拟语气是英语学习中的重点内容，也是高考所要考查的重点内容。但由于其内容过多而且复杂，不利于被学生掌握。如果讲解内容过多将不利于学生对其掌握。所以本节只讲述虚拟语气中最基本的情况，这样既有利于学生理解与记忆，还可以在后边的学习中进行类比。
由于学生在英语方面学得一般，因此课堂教学过程中要注意与学生互动，充分调动他们的积极性。多添加讨论活动，让他们在讨论中加深对知识的理解。同时，情景对话也是非常必要的，让他运用所学的知识去与别人沟通，将更有利于教学。
2.反思
在教学的过程中老师要注意引导学生成为学习的主角，通过对学生的引导让他们学会主动学习。老师在讲课过程中要多与生活实例结合，这样更有利于吸引学生。另外，还要注意讲课一定要讲清楚，对于不容易理解的问题要多讲，对于学生不会的问题一定要解答，帮助他们学习理解所学知识。最后，结合历年高考题和各种练习题，夯实基础。
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