第一篇:小学六年级 一般过去式 语法讲解 教案
教学目标与要求
1,知识目标:能够听、说、读、写动词短语的过去式。
2,能力目标:学生能用句型表述他人在过去某一时间发生的情况或动作。3,情感目标:使学生学会与他人进行合作、交流。教学重点
重点掌握一般过去时的表达方式。教学难点:重读闭音节动词过去式的变化。教学步骤及说明 Step 1:warm up 1.T: What do you usually do on the weekend? S: I usually „„(通过师生对话,直接引出词组)T: What did you do at last weekend? S: I „„ 一,概念
表示在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如:yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday, last night, last week, last month, last year, a moment ago, just now, two days ago, a week ago, in 1990等。
如:I went to bed at eleven last night.昨晚我11:00睡觉。二 动词过去式的构成规律
(一)规则动词的过去式
1,一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed;Look---looked play----played start---started visit—visited 2, 以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d;Live—lived use---used 3, 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先将y 改成i,再加 –ed;Study---studied try—tried fly---flied 4,以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或 r 音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加 –ed。Stop---stopped plan---planned preferred(二)不规则动词的过去式 1 改变动词中的元音;
Begin---began drink---drank come---came eat---ate Grow---grew run---ran know---knew win---won speak---spoke Take---took write---wrote get---got 2 变词尾的-d 为-t Build---built lend---lent send---sent spend--spent bend--bent 3 与动词原形一样;
Cut---cut put---put cost----cost hurt---hurt shut---shut 4 变-ay 为—aid(少数动词)Say---said pay---paid lay---laid 5 采用不同词根;
Sell---sold teach----taught buy----bought 6 其他
Am/is---was are---were have/has---had do---did
二 加 –ed 后的读音方法 1 ed加在清辅音后面读/t/ Finished/-t/ help /-t/ asked/-t/ 2 ed 加在浊辅音或元音结尾的,读/d/ Played/-d/ lived/-d/ enjoyed/-d/ 3 ed 加在/t/或/d/后面,读/id/ Wanted /-tid/ needed/-did/ visited /-tid/
过去时练习: 写出下列动词的过去式
Isam______ fly___ plant_____ are_____ drink_____ Play ______ go____ make______ does_____ dance_____ Worry______ ask____ taste_______ eat_____ draw_____ Put_____ throw______ kick_______ pass_____ do______ 用所给动词的适当形式填空 We_____(live)in Japan last year.2 Susan_____(stop)the car on the street yesterday.3 My mother____(clean)my room and I _____(study)for the English test last Sunday.4 What____ you_____(do)last night? 5 On Saturday morning I ____(play)football 二 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
(1)May_____(finish)her homework very late yesterday evening.(2)Han Mei_____(bring)her pet to the park that day.(3)His father______(buy)a new computer for him last week(4)Miss Du______(walk)to work every day last term.(5)We____(move)to Shenyang 8 years ago.(6)_____ you _________(have)bread for breakfast this morning?(7)She_______(give)me a nice present last night.(8)The police______(stop)the car and_____(catch)the thief(小偷)just now.(9)Tom ____(carry)water for the old man last Saturday.(10)Uncle Wang______(come)into the room and______(find)something to eat.(11)Lily______(study)in the classroom for two hours and then ____(leave).(12)Jimmy______(do)a lot today.He______(go)shopping and _____(cook)supper.(13)We_____(go)to the cinema last night.The film_____(be)very good.(14)What time ______you________(get)to school this morning?
三 句子变化
(一)一般过去时的一般疑问句
1.把 was, were放在句首,其余位置不变。由Was„? 引导的一般疑问句,肯定答为:Yes,„ was.否定回答为:No,„wasn’t 由Were„?引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答为:Yes,„were.否定回答为:No,„weren’t.如:
(1)I was born in Shanghai.----Were you born in Shanghai?---Yes, I was.(肯定回答)----No, I wasn’t(否定回答)(2)They were in Li Yan’s home last night.----Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?--Yes, they were.(肯定回答)--No, they weren’t(否定回答)2.在行为动词的句子中,要用助动词did 来引导,其余的语序不变。要注
意的是,要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为:Yes,„did 否定 No,„didn’t.如:John played computer games last night.---Did John play computer games last night? Yes, he did.No,he didn’t(二)一般过去时的否定句
在表示过去存在的状态的句子中,相接在was, were的后面加上not。
如:
(1)He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2 在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中,要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即:didn’t+ 动词原形。
如
(1)She played the violin last night.She didn’t play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.(三)一般过去式的特殊疑问句
1.What did„?(主要是询问过去发生了什么事情,注意要把过去式改为动 原形。)
We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night? 2.Where did ?(主要是询问过去事情发生的地方)They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning? 3.Who +动词过去式„?(主要是询问过去事情发生的人物)Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.Who climbed mountains last weekend? 四 句子结构
在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子,系动词用过去式was,were 构成。
如:(1)I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。
(2)We were in the gym just now.刚才我们在体育馆、2 在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作,用动词的过去式构成。
如:I visited my uncle yesterday.昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。3 各种句式
(1)一般过去时的肯定陈述句:
主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语或表语。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.(2)一般过去时的否定句:
a.主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 宾语。(did+not=didn’t)He didn’t do morning exercises yesterday.b.主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表语。(was+not=wasn’t were+not=weren’t)
(3)一般过去时的一般疑问句: a.Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语?
Did you study English in `1990? b.Was/Were + 主语 + 表语 ?
Was he a pupil five years ago?(4)一般过去时的特殊疑问句:
a 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 +宾语?
Where did your parents live five years ago? What did you do last Sunday? b 特殊疑问词 + were/ was + Who was at the zoo yesterday?
表语?
第二篇:小学六年级_一般过去式_语法讲解_教案
第一讲 过去式
一 概念
表示在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如:yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday, last night, last week, last month, last year, a moment ago, just now, two days ago, a week ago, in 1990等。
如:I went to bed at eleven last night.昨晚我11:00睡觉。二 动词过去式的构成规律
(一)规则动词的过去式
1,一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed;Look---looked play----played start---started visit—visited 2, 以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d;Live—lived use---used 3, 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,先将y 改成i,再加 –ed;Study---studied try—tried fly---flied 4,以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或 r 音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加 –ed。Stop---stopped plan---planned preferred(二)不规则动词的过去式 1 改变动词中的元音;
Begin---began drink---drank come---came eat---ate Grow---grew run---ran know---knew win---won speak---spoke Take---took write---wrote get---got 2 变词尾的-d 为-t Build---built lend---lent send---sent spend--spent bend--bent 3 与动词原形一样;
Cut---cut put---put cost----cost hurt---hurt shut---shut 4 变-ay 为—aid(少数动词)Say---said pay---paid lay---laid
采用不同词根;
Sell---sold teach----taught buy----bought 6 其他
Am/is---was are---were have/has---had do---did
二 加 –ed 后的读音方法 1 ed加在清辅音后面读/t/ Finished/-t/ help /-t/ asked/-t/ 2 ed 加在浊辅音或元音结尾的,读/d/ Played/-d/ lived/-d/ enjoyed/-d/ 3 ed 加在/t/或/d/后面,读/id/ Wanted /-tid/ needed/-did/ visited /-tid/
过去时练习: 写出下列动词的过去式
Isam______ fly___ plant_____ are_____ drink_____ Play ______ go____ make______ does_____ dance_____ Worry______ ask____ taste_______ eat_____ draw_____ Put_____ throw______ kick_______ pass_____ do______ 用所给动词的适当形式填空 We_____(live)in Japan last year.2 Susan_____(stop)the car on the street yesterday.3 My mother____(clean)my room and I _____(study)for the English test last Sunday.4 What____ you_____(do)last night? 5 On Saturday morning I ____(play)football 二 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
(1)May_____(finish)her homework very late yesterday evening.(2)Han Mei_____(bring)her pet to the park that day.(3)His father______(buy)a new computer for him last week(4)Miss Du______(walk)to work every day last term.(5)We____(move)to Shenyang 8 years ago.(6)_____ you _________(have)bread for breakfast this morning?(7)She_______(give)me a nice present last night.(8)The police______(stop)the car and_____(catch)the thief(小偷)just now.(9)Tom ____(carry)water for the old man last Saturday.(10)Uncle Wang______(come)into the room and______(find)something to eat.(11)Lily______(study)in the classroom for two hours and then ____(leave).(12)Jimmy______(do)a lot today.He______(go)shopping and _____(cook)supper.(13)We_____(go)to the cinema last night.The film_____(be)very good.(14)What time ______you________(get)to school this morning? 三 句子变化
(一)一般过去时的一般疑问句
1.把 was, were放在句首,其余位置不变。由Was„? 引导的一般疑问句,肯定答为:Yes,„ was.否定回答为:No,„wasn’t 由Were„?引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答为:Yes,„were.否定回答为:No,„weren’t.如:
(1)I was born in Shanghai.----Were you born in Shanghai?---Yes, I was.(肯定回答)----No, I wasn’t(否定回答)(2)They were in Li Yan’s home last night.----Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?--Yes, they were.(肯定回答)--No, they weren’t(否定回答)2.在行为动词的句子中,要用助动词did 来引导,其余的语序不变。要注
意的是,要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为:Yes,„did 否定 No,„didn’t.如:John played computer games last night.---Did John play computer games last night? Yes, he did.No,he didn’t(二)一般过去时的否定句
在表示过去存在的状态的句子中,相接在was, were的后面加上not。
如:
(1)He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2 在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中,要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即:didn’t+ 动词原形。
如
(1)She played the violin last night.She didn’t play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.(三)一般过去式的特殊疑问句
1.What did„?(主要是询问过去发生了什么事情,注意要把过去式改为动
原形。)
We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night? 2.Where did ?(主要是询问过去事情发生的地方)They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning? 3.Who +动词过去式„?(主要是询问过去事情发生的人物)Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.Who climbed mountains last weekend?
四 句子结构
在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子,系动词用过去式was,were 构成。
如:(1)I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。
(2)We were in the gym just now.刚才我们在体育馆、2 在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作,用动词的过去式构成。
如:I visited my uncle yesterday.昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。3 各种句式
(1)一般过去时的肯定陈述句:
主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语或表语。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.(2)一般过去时的否定句:
a.主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 宾语。(did+not=didn’t)He didn’t do morning exercises yesterday.b.主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表语。(was+not=wasn’t were+not=weren’t)
(3)一般过去时的一般疑问句:
a.Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语?
Did you study English in `1990? b.Was/Were + 主语 + 表语 ?
Was he a pupil five years ago?(4)一般过去时的特殊疑问句:
a 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 +宾语?
Where did your parents live five years ago? What did you do last Sunday? b 特殊疑问词 + were/ was + 表语?
Who was at the zoo yesterday?
第三篇:过去式测试题及简单讲解
一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?
如: What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?
如:Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted 3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat.
第四篇:小学语法知识讲解
园丁教育 英语、数学培训 因为专业,所以精彩!
小学4、5、6年级语法知识讲解
一.否定句的改法:
1.先找Be动词(am、is、are)和情态动词(can、should、may、shall、would)
2.找到了则在Be动词或者情态动词后面直接加not;其他部分不变照抄。
3.没有找到,则要请助动词(don’t、doesn’t)来帮忙,把助动词放在主语(一般是人或物)的后面,动词前面。后面的动词要变原形,其他部分不变照抄。
4.如果句子中有some要变成any。
二、一般疑问句的改法:
1.先找Be动词(am、is、are)和情态动词(can、should、may、shall、would)
2.找到了则把Be动词或者情态动词放在句首大写,其他部分不变照抄,句首要大写变小写。
3.没有找到,则要请助动词do、does来帮忙,把助动词大写放在句首,句子中的动词变成原形,其他部分不变,照抄。
4.如果句子中中有some要变成any,有I和we要变成you,my和our要变成your。
5.最后一定要牢记,把句号改成问号。
三、对划线部分提问的一般步骤:
1.根据划线部分,确定特殊疑问词,放在句首大写:
A、基本特殊疑问词:
what-对事物进行提问、where-对地点进行提问、when-对时间进行提问、which-对那一个进行提问,或者选择性提问、who-对人进行提问、whose-对谁的进行提问或者说对名词所有格或形容词性物主代词进行提问、why-对原因进行提问、how-对方式方法进行提问
B、合成特殊疑问词:
常见的基本疑问词+形容词或副词构成特殊疑问词的形式:
a.How+形容词或副词:
how many-对数量进行提问、how much-对钱进行提问、how old-对年龄进行提问、how long-对长度进行提问 how tall 对高度提问、how often 对频率进行提问,多次时间一次 b.what+形容词或者副词
what time 对具体的时间进行提问、what subject(s)-对课程进行提问、what lessons-对课进行提问、what colour-对颜色进行提问、c.which + 名词
which boy-对哪一个男孩进行提问、which man-对那一个男人进行提问……
2.把原句改成一般疑问句:
3.划掉划线部分,把剩下的部分放在特殊疑问词后面,句号变问号,大写变小写。
4.注意:如果划线部分是主语,则要用到合成疑问词补足主语。
四、那些地方会出现动词原形:
1.助动词后面+动原2.情态动词后面+动原3.let’s 后面+动原
4.动词不定式to 后面+动原5.祈使句中用动原6.不是三单的一般现在时用动原
五、人称代词宾格用法;
1.动词后人称代词用宾格2.介词后人称代词用宾格
六、部分介词:
in 在…里面on 在…上面under 在…下面behind 在…后面 beside 在…旁边next to 紧靠… near在…附近in front of、in the front of 在…前面
园丁教育 英语、数学培训 因为专业,所以精彩!4、5、6年级专项练习
一、陈述句变一般疑问句
1.His father is an English teacher.___________________________________________ ?
2.These cats are crying.(喊叫)___________________________________________ ?
3.They can swim.___________________________________________ ?
4.I like to read(阅读)English.___________________________________________ ?
5.I go to school on foot.(走路)___________________________________________ ?
6.He is crying(哭)under the tree.___________________________________________ ?
7.He goes to school every day.___________________________________________ ?
8.Everybody is in the classroom.___________________________________________ ?
9.Joy has a small T-shirt.____________________________________________ ?
10.These are my grandparents.____________________________________________ ?
11.My parents can play tennis.____________________________________________ ?
二、改否定句
1.His father is an English teacher._______________________________.2.These cats are crying.(喊叫)___________________________________.3.They can swim.____________________________________________.4.I like to read(阅读)English._____________________________________.5.I go to school on foot.(走路)________________________________________.6.He likes English.___________________________________________.7.His father goes to work by bus.(乘公共汽车)____________________________.8.He is crying(哭)under the tree.__________________________________.10.We are from China.____________________________________.11.He often goes to the library(图书馆)on Sundays._______________________.12.They have a class meeting every week.________________________________.13.She does her homework.__________________________________.14.He often watches TV.___________________________________.三、对划线部分提问:
1根据汉语提示,将句子所缺部分写完整,每空一词。
1._______ _______is your teacher?I don’t know.(多高)
2._______ _______ is the picture on the wall? It’s red.(什么颜色)
3._______ _______ do you get up every day?At 6:30.(几点)
4._______ _______ books do you have?Fifteen.(多少)
5._______ _______are you in?I’m in Class 3, Grade 8.(几班)
6._______ _______dose she take a shower?Twice a week.(多久一次)
7._______ _______will you stay here?For seven days.(多长时间)
8._______ _______is the T-shirt? It’s 50 yuan.(多少钱)
第五篇:小学英语一般过去式讲解习题
一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)
⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如:Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?
如: What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?
如:Who went to home yesterday?
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied
5.不规则动词过去式:
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
isam_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________