21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册第1、2、3、6、7、8课 Reading aloud及其翻译 整理[五篇范例]

第一篇：21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册第1、2、3、6、7、8课 Reading aloud及其翻译 整理

Unit 1

If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an unrelenting drive to succeed.“There's a tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal,” he explained.“But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes.It's a difference in degree.Greatness is built upon tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion.He cited Winston Churchill, Britain's prime minister during World War 2, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up.Thrust into office when his country's morale was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people.In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired the nation when he said, “We shall not flag or fail.We shall go on to the end...We shall never surrender.”

西蒙顿说，如果成就巨大者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种坚持不懈地追求成功的动力。“往往有人认为他们具备一些超常非凡的东西，”他解释道。“但研究表明，有些伟人并没有惊人的智力,有的只是程度上的差异而已。伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基础之上的。”

他举了二战时期的英国首相温斯顿?丘吉尔作为永不放弃敢于冒险的典范。丘吉尔在全国士气最为低落的时候被推上了台，并出色地领导了英国人民。在1940年盟军敦刻尔克大撤退之后的一次演讲中，他的话激励了全国人民，“我们决不会退缩、永不失败。我们一定要坚持到底......我们永远不会屈服。”

Unit 2

Some persons refrain from expressing their gratitude because they feel it will not be welcome.A patient of mine, a few weeks after his discharge from the hospital, came back to thank his nurse.“I didn't come back sooner,” he explained, “because I imagined you must be bored to death with people thanking you.”

“On the contrary,” she replied, “I am delighted you came.Few realize how much we need encouragement and how much we are helped by those who give it.”

Gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much.For on the smiles, the thanks we give, our little gestures of appreciation, our neighbors build up their philosophy of life.有些人不愿表达感激之情，因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。我的一个病人在出院的后几个星期回到医院感谢他的护士。“我没有早点回来，”他解释说，“因为我猜想你们对别人的感激一定厌烦得要命。”

“正好相反，”她回答说，“我很高兴你来。很少有人明白我们多么需要鼓励，我们从那些鼓励我们的人身上获得了多大的帮助。”

我们所给予的感激永远不会过多。因为我们身边的人在构筑他们的人生哲学时所依据的正是这些微笑，正是我们所表示的感谢以及表示感激的小小的举动。

Unit 3

The normal Western approach to a problem is to fight it.The saying , “when the going gets tough ,the tough get going,” is typical of this aggressive attitude towards problem-solving.No matter what the problem is or the techniques available for solving it, the frame work produce by our Western way of thinking is fight.Dr.de Bono calls this vertical thinking: the traditional, sequential, Aristotelian thinking of logic, moving firmly from one step to the next, like toy blocks is incorrectly placed, then the whole structure collapses.Impasse is reached, and frustration, tension, feeling of fight take over.Later thinking, Dr.de Bono says, is a new technique of thinking about things—a technique that avoids this fight altogether, and solves the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.Lateral thinking sounds simple.And it is.Once you have solved a problem laterally, you wonder how you could ever have been hung up on it.The key is making that vital shift in emphasis, that sidestepping of the problem, instead of attacking it head-on.Dr.A.A.Bridger, psychiatrist at Columbia University and in private practice in New York, explains how lateral thinking works with his patients, “Many people come to me wanting to stop smoking, for instance,” he says.“Most people fail when they are trying to stop smoking because they wind up telling themselves, „No，I will not smoke;no, I shall not smoke;no, I will not;no, I cannot...‟”It's a fight and what happens is you end up smoking more.“So instead of looking at the problem from the old way of no, and fighting it, I show them a whole new point of view—that you are your body's keeper, and your body is something though which you experience life.If you stop thinking about it, there's really something helpless about your body.It can do nothing for itself.It has no choice, it is like a baby's body.You begin then a whole new way of looking at it—„I am going to take care of myself, and give myself some respect and protection, by no smoking.‟”

一般西方人解决问题的方法是与之搏斗。“事情越困难，硬汉子就越向前”这句话便代表了这种解决问题的积极进取的态度。不管是什么问题，或者可以用来解决问题的方法是什么，我们西方人的思维方式产生的基本思路总是搏斗。德?博诺博士称之为纵向思维；即传统的、按顺序的、亚里士多德式的逻辑思维，坚定地从一步移到下一步，就象玩具积木一块搭在另一块上。当然，它们的缺陷是，如果在任何时刻其中一步没有达到，或者一块积木没有放对，那么整个结构就会坍塌。事情就会陷入僵局，沮丧、紧张、和搏斗的情绪就会笼罩心头。

横向思维，德?博诺博士说，是对事物进行思考的一种新方法------一种完全避免这种拼搏，用完全出人意料的方式解决问题的方法。

在歇洛克?福尔摩斯的一个探案中，他的助手华生医生指出有条狗对案子并不重要，因为这条狗看来一无所为。歇洛克?福尔摩斯持相反的观点，他坚持认为这条狗一无所为这一事实至关重要，因为它应该有所为，正是在这个基础上他侦破了这个案子。

横向思维听上去很简单。它也的确很简单。一旦你横向地解决了一个问题，你就会奇怪你以前怎么竟会为它心神不宁。关键是作出那个重要的重点转移，横跨一步，避开问题，而不是正面去解决它。

在纽约私人开业的哥伦比亚大学的精神病学家A?A?布里杰博士阐述了横向思维对他的病人们如何有用。“比方说，很多想戒烟的人来找我，”他说。“大多数人在他们试图戒烟时都失败了，因为他们最后总对自己说，‘不，我决不吸烟了；不，我不该吸烟了；不，我决不吸了；不，我不能...’这是一场搏斗，结果是你吸得更多。”

“所以我不再让他们用这种老的否定方式来看待这一问题并与之搏斗，而是向他们展示了一个全新的视角------你是你身体的看护人，你是通过你的身体来体验生活的。如果你认真思考一下，你就会发现你的身体的确有一些无能为力的东西。它丝毫不能自理。它没有选择，就象一个婴儿的身体。于是你就开始用全新的方式来看待它------‘现在我将通过戒烟来照顾自己，给自己一些尊重和保护。’”

Unit 6

EQ is not the opposite of IQ.Some people are blessed with a lot of both, some with little of either.What researchers have been trying to understand is how they complement each other;how one's ability to handle stress, for instance, affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use.Among the ingredients for success, researchers now generally agree that IQ counts for about 20%;the rest depends on everything from class to luck to the neural pathways that have developed in the brain over millions of years of human evolution.情商不是智商的对立面。一些人有幸两者都拥有很多，一些人则每一样都拥有很少。研究者们一直试图理解的是它们如何互补；比如，一个人对付压力的能力如何影响其集中思想和发挥才智的能力。研究者们大多同意，在成功的要素中智商约占20%；其余则取决于多种因素，从所属的阶级到运气到在人类进化的几百万年中已在大脑中形成的神经通道。

Unit 7

As a child, I identified so strongly with my mother that I thought my father was just a long-term house guest with spanking privileges.She and I are bookish, introverted worriers.My father is an optimist who has never had a sleepless night in his life.Like most fathers and sons, we fought.But there was no cooling-off period between rounds.It was a cold war lasting from the onset of my adolescence until I went off to college in 1973.I hated him.He was a former navy fighter pilot with an Irish temper and a belief that all the problems of the world-including an overprotected son who never saw anything through to completion-could be cured by the application of more discipline.小时侯，我和母亲特别亲，而认为父亲只是一个长期住在我家并享有打孩子屁股特权的客人。母亲和我爱读书，性格内向，多愁善感。父亲则很乐观，一生中从来没有睡不着觉的时候。

像大多数父子一样，我们常斗气。但在各个回合之间却没有休战期。这是一场冷战，从我的青春期开始一直持续到1973年我离家去上大学。我恨他。他以前是一名海军战斗机驾驶员，脾气火暴，他坚信世界上所有的问题----包括宠爱有加、做事一向虎头蛇尾的儿子----都能通过严隶法纪来解决。

Unit 8

Now, it must be obvious what all has to do with you.Eventually, like the rest of us, you must be on one side or the other.You must be an Athenian or a Visigoth.Of course, it is much harder to be an Athenian, for you must learn how to be one, you must work at being one, whereas we are all, in a way, natural-both Visigoths.That is why there are so many more Visigoths than Athenians.And I must tell you that you do not become an Athenian merely by attending school or accumulating degrees.My father-in-law was one of the most committed Athenians I have ever known, and he spent his entire adult life as a dress cutter on Seventh Avenue in New York City.On

the other hand, I have known physicians, lawyers, and engineers who are Visigoths of unmistakable persuasion.And I must also tell you, as much in sorrow as in shame, that at some of our great universities, perhaps even this one, there are professors of whom we may fairly say they are closet Visigoths.And yet, you must not doubt for a moment that a school, after all, is essentially an Athenian idea.There is a direct link between the cultural achievements of Athens and what the faculty of this university is all about.I have no difficulty imagining that Plato, Aristotle, or Democritus would be quite at home in our classrooms.A Visigoth would merely scrawl obscenities on the wall.现在，所有这一切与你的关系一定很清楚了。你终将同其他人一样，必须站在一方或另一方。你必定要么是雅典人要么是西哥特人。当然，成为名雅典人要难得多，因为你必须学习如何成为雅典人，你必须要付出努力，而从某种意义上说我们天生都是西哥特人。这就是为什么西哥特人比雅典人要多得多的原因。我还必须告诉你，仅仅通过上学或者拿到几个学位是不会成为雅典人的。我的岳父是我所知道的最坚定的雅典人之一，他成年之后一直是纽约第七大街上的一名裁缝。相反，我认识的一些医生、律师和工程师却是十足的西哥特人。我还必须既痛心又惭愧地告诉你，在我们一些名牌大学，也许甚至就在这一所，有一些教授，我们可以公正地说，是些隐蔽的西哥特人。然而，你决不可对学校产生怀疑，学校的本质毕竟体现了一种雅典人的观念。雅典的文化成就和这所大学的教员所从事的工作之间有着直接的联系。不难想象，在我们的教室里，柏拉图、亚里士多德或者德谟克利特会感到很自在。西哥特人将只会在墙壁上涂写一些淫秽的话。

第二篇：21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册课后练习翻译答案

21世纪英语读写教程 第四册 课后翻译答案

Unit1

1.美国人往往以从事的工作来对人们进行划分。家庭和教育背景这些特点被认为是不太重要的。Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do.Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.2.他决不妥协的个性是他再也无法容忍他的雇主,并最终递交了辞职书的原因。

His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submittedhis resignation.3.如果你真想学好英语，你就必须投入大量的时间和精力，否则你就不会有任何进步。对于其他课程也可以这么说。

His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submittedhis resignation.If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you'll go nowhere.The same can be said of other subjects.4.有些演员的名声靠的是他们天生的美貌，但是达斯汀?霍夫曼(Dustin Hoffman)尽管身材矮小(short stature)，还是出类拔萃，而使他与众不同的正是他精湛的演技。

Some actors fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart.5.他负责管理之后，我们发现他与前任(predecessor)有明显的不同：他有干劲和激情，想出了很多新点子，并把工作重点放在如何鼓舞我们的士气上。

After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor.He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.6.当邓小平宣布中国改革开放政策的时候，他被永远载入了史册。尽管障碍重重，他以不懈的努力为我国的现代化作出了永久性的贡献。

Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China's reform and opening-up policy.Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country's modernization with his unrelenting efforts.7.为什么有人拥有天才级智商却被智商平平但很刻苦的人丢在后面？承认除了智商外，还有很多别的因素与一个人的成就有着很大的关系。

Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one's IQ, many other factors have much to do with one's achievements.8.这位教师真了不起，她能在教东西之前调动学生的积极性。这并不是因为她有天赋，而是因为她只想着在课堂上吸引他们的注意力。

This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she can really teach them something.It's not that she is talented, it's that she focuses completely or drawing theirfull attention in class.Unit2

1.他瞪眼看着约翰，对他拒绝合作感到恼怒。

He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.2.约翰真诚的讲话表达了他对那些在他处于困境时给过他慷慨帮助的人们的感激之情。

John's sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when1

he was in difficulty.3.他可说是一个集邮家。他曾经积蓄了两年去买一张珍邮这件事便是证明。

He is something of a stamp collector.The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it.4.这些玫瑰的美丽怎么评价也不过分。他们以各种方式吸引住了所有的游客。

The beauty of these roses could not be overstated.They took/caught all the visitorsfancy in one way or another.5.起先，他理所当然地认为该地区应当多造一些公路。然而仔细计算其费用后，他在作出最后决定前又不得不重新考虑了。

At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in this area.Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision.6.每次收到我的礼物，不管多少，我的朋友比尔决不忘记表示感谢。

Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend Bill never fails to acknowledge it.7.那位新闻记者决定找到那对老夫妻信中提及的年轻人。那封信赞颂了年轻人为改善他们的生活条件而付出的努力。

The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple's letter, which is a tribute to the young man's effort at improving their living conditions.8.虽然他厌烦了那些每天上门来吹嘘其产品的推销员，但他克制着没有将他们拒之门外。

Though he was fed up with the salesmen who knocked at his door and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.Unit3

1.汤姆因一问题而心神不宁但又一筹莫展，直到他学会以不同的策略把它解决才不心烦。

Tom was hung up on the problem but could do nothing about it until he learnt to solve it with different tactics.2.横向思维帮助他提出了原来似乎已走进死胡同的新理论。

Lateral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which had seemed to reach a dead end.3.我们最新的建设计划的框架已获得地方政府的批准。它是否会按时实施对这座沿海城市的发展具有极为重大的意义。

The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed by the local government.Whether it will be carried out on time is of the utmost significance to the development of this coastal city.4.在设法寻找一个解决问题的办法的过程中，爱德华在思想上陷入了僵局，但后来他改变了观察角度，以一种完全意想不到的方式解决了问题。

While trying to find a solution to the problem, Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.5.许多人认为计算机机房将最终取代图书馆，想吸收新知识的学生最终将在计算机机房里学习一切。

Many people believe that computer labs will eventually take over from the libraries and students who want to take in new knowledge will end up learning everything in the computer lab.6.昨天他的汽车几乎是迎头撞上了一辆卡车。如果他继续这样随便开车，我确信他最后一定会被送

进医院的急诊室。

Yesterday his car crashed into a truck almost head-on.If he does not stop driving so carelessly, I am sure he will wind up in the emergency room of a hospital.7.这幅画的结构设计有一个缺点。你为什么不擦掉那几条垂直线，把它简化一点呢?

There is a flaw in the structural design of the painting.Why don't you erase the vertical lines and simplify it a little bit?

8.约翰本该在很久以前就把烟戒掉了。毕竟健康对每个人来说都是最重要的。

John should have given up smoking a long time ago.After all, health is of the utmost importance to everybody.Unit4

1.学校应避免仅按学生考试成绩来判别孰优孰劣并以此对待他们。相反，好的教育体制应使每一位学生都能达到良好的水准，成为全面发展的(well-rounded)人。

Schools should avoid deciding who is superior only in terms of students' exam results and treating them accordingly.Instead, a good educational system should enable every student to measure up to good standards as well-rounded people.2.大学生课后有问题时，往往在办公时间之外不容易找到老师。这是由于教师繁忙的学术研究，而不是他们对学生漠不关心。

As often as not, when college students have questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours.This is due to teachers' busy academic research, rather than their indifference to the students.3.这个班级由40名学生组成，他们中大部分按英语水平过去常被归在中等之列。但由于这位老师从不在言辞中表露出不耐烦，学生们对他的教学方法产生了积极的反应，从而没有辜负他的期望。This class consists of forty students, most of whom used to be labeled average in terms of English level.But as this teacher has never shown any verbal impatience, the students have reacted positively to his teaching methods and lived up to his expectations.4.在美国，教书变得越来越难了，部分原因是学生越来越多样的种族背景以及需要另外培训才能掌握的更为复杂的教学技术。

Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the United States, due in part tothe diversity of students' racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.5.英国人经常被归类为保守型，显然这一归类带有成见。实际上，英国在民族特性方面与其他欧洲国家相比并没有太大的差异。英国人有礼貌，爱整洁，讲秩序，充满自信。

The English are, as often as not, labeled conservative.Obviously this label is prejudiced.In reality, Britain is not very different from other European countries in terms of national characteristics.The British are polite, neat, orderly and confident.6.有些年轻人在成长过程中有着要求独立的强烈愿望。他们宁可通过自己的努力来渡过生活中的困难，也不愿意带着负罪感求助于他们的父母。

Some young people grow up with a strong desire for independence.They would rather try hard to go through life on their own than turn to their parents for help with asense of guilt.7.你的朋友对你非常真诚，你也应该同样以诚相待，决不应该欺骗他，或者带着讽刺的口吻谈论他的挫折。

Your friend treats you sincerely, so you should respond accordingly and mustn抰 deceive him or

talk about his setbacks with irony(ironically).8.邻居们恼火的原因是他们发出的噪音，但是由于他们一再保证夜间停工，从而得以完成这套公寓的装潢。

The neighbors' irritation/annoyance was due to the noise they made.However, because of reassurances that they would stop working at night, they went through with the decoration of this apartment.Unit5

1.正如你可以想像到的，阅读为我打开了一个新的天地并永远改变了我的人生道路。

As you can imagine, reading has opened a new world to me and changed forever the course of my life.2.他从童年起就对书籍表现出一种非常强烈的兴趣。他对书籍如此迷恋，以致从不让一天过去而不进行一些阅读。

He had demonstrated an unusually intense interest in books since childhood.So fascinated with books was he that he never let a day pass without doing some reading.3.他每次乘地铁上下班身边都有一本想读的书。他就这样在过去三年中读了近一百本书。

Every time he takes the subway to and from work, he has with him a book that hewants to read.That is the way he has read nearly a hundred books in the past three years.4.他读中学时常在自己的房间里读书至深夜。每次听到母亲走近的脚步声，他便关掉灯假装睡着。而母亲一走过去，他便打开灯，重又读起来。

When he was in high school, he used to read deep/far into the night in his own room.Each time he heard the approaching footsteps of his mother, he would turn off the light and feigned sleep.But as soon as his mother passed, he would turn on the light and begin reading again.5.几乎没有什么关于中国的东西是他不感到好奇的。为了满足自己的好奇心他已决定亲自到那儿去尽量多看一些。

There is hardly anything about China he's not curious about.And to satisfy his curiosity he has decided to go there in person to see as much as he can.6.我不知道是什么使得你儿子羡慕那位流行歌手并试图事事模仿他的。你还是问问他本人好了。I don't know/ I have little/no idea what made your son envy that pop singer and try to emulate him in everything.You might as well ask him in person.7.他从图书馆一借到那本书就在走廊的灯光下飞快地把它翻了一遍。

As soon as he checked out the book from the library, he thumbed through its pages by the corridor light.8.我认为没有哪个人在农村学到的比我更多。实际上，农村的三年使我比进某个大学学习得更深入细致。

I don't think anybody ever learned more in the countryside than I did.In fact, those three years in the countryside enabled me to study far intensively than I would have if I had attended some college.Unit6

1.他生来就有残疾，但他从不沮丧，也从未屈服于任何困难。

He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, nor did he give in to any difficulty.2.汤姆一直坚决要求提升。当机会出现时，他立即抓住了。

Tom had been holding out for a promotion.When the opportunity showed up, he grabbed it at

once.3.他对所有的标准化考试都不信任并认为应该有某种更好的东西来取代它们。

He distrusts all standardized tests and believes that there should be something better to substitute for them.4.我的论点是，我们应当马上对这些有争议的问题逐个进行调查。

My thesis is that we should carry out a survey of these controversial issues one by one right now.5.贝蒂勤劳而又可靠。她从不在困难面前退缩。总之，她是我们都为之感到骄傲的那种学生。

Betty is diligent and dependable.She never shies away from any difficulties.In short, she is the kind of student that we are all proud of.6.把汽油箱放在你的房子里是不明智的，因为它极易燃烧，并且可能在几分钟内就将你辛辛苦苦挣来的财富付之一炬。

It is ill-advised to keep the gas tank in your house for it ignites easily and may burn up allyour hard-earned wealth in just a few minutes.7.史密斯博士的讲座等于是说,很早就显示出高情商的孩子无论面对什么困难都会最终取得成功。Doctor Smith's lecture amounts to saying that a child who displays high EQ early on in life will succeed eventually in the face of all kinds of difficulties.8.由于在美国许多婚姻都以离婚告终，心理学家们建议所有家庭中的夫妻都应更经常地相互沟通，不要等到为时太晚时才来解决他们的问题。

Since many marriages end in divorce in the United States, psychologists have suggested that couples in all families communicate with each other more often and solve their problems before it becomes too late.Unit7

1.随着长大，我渐渐接受了这一事实: 我永远不会实现成为一名作家的梦想。

As I grew up, I made my peace with the fact that I would never fulfil my dream of becoming a writer.2.迈克尔想了两天还没填出字谜游戏(word puzzle)里那个至关重要的词，最后只好失望地放弃。Michael had got stuck trying to figure out the word essential to the word puzzle for two days before he threw up his hands in frustration.3.当这位歌手发现市面上有自己作品的盗版(pirated edition)时，他十分震惊，发誓决不放过那盗贼。

The singer was taken aback by the pirated editions of his songs on the market, and he vowed not to let the thiefs off.4.感谢您购买我们的锅炉(furnace)。作为回报，我们将免费为您处理旧锅炉。

Thank you for purchasing our furnace.In return we will get rid of your old one for free.5.我和苏珊互诉了别后发生的事情，从中我得知她已经出版了好几本儿童读物。

Susan and I filled each other in on what had happened after we parted, from which I learned that she had had several children's books in print.6.当连锁大书店的竞争逼得她的小书店歇业后，已届中年的莉莲不知道自己还能做些什么。

Her bookstore having been frozen out by a giant chain, the middle-aged Lillian was at a loss as to what else she could do.7.你需要有人在旁不断督促才会完成这一任务。

You need somebody to urge you constantly to see the task through to completion.8.因为害怕新建购物中心会破坏社区的宁静，许多居民反对这一计划。

For fear that a new shopping center would ruin the peace of the community, many residents opposed the construction plan.Unit8

1.如果你对冗长的讲座不感兴趣，那从头至尾把它听完实在是毫无意义的。

It is really pointless to sit through a tedious lecture if you do not take any interest in it.2.由于他在生态学领域的卓越地位，我们学校的学生都非常敬重他。

The students at our university all hold him in high esteem because of his eminence in the field of ecology.3.虽然他声称他的那部新小说跟他本人的生活无关，但它还是吸引了许多青年读者。他们认为这部小说使他们粗略地看到了作者的童年。

Though he claims that his new novel has nothing to do with his own life, it has caught the fancy of many young readers, who believe that this novel has given them a glimpse of the author's childhood.4.自从计算机技术迎来了人们所称的信息时代以来，有些作家已经不再用钢笔，因为他们现在能够用计算机来写一切东西了。

Since computer technology ushered in what is known as the Information Age, some writers have done away with their pens, for they can now write everything with their computers.5.我们不得不羞愧而遗憾地承认，在我们中间有些人的确把自己看作是宇宙的中心，对公共事务毫不关心。

We have to admit, as much in sorrow as in shame, that there are some people among us who do think of themselves as the center of the universe and care very little about public affairs.6.首先，我们应该取得该市人口的精确数据。如果退休人员的人数超过青少年的人数，我们就应该调整发展计划以满足这一大批人的需要。

First and foremost, we should get the precise data on the population of the city.If retired people outnumber the teenagers, we should adjust our development plan to the needs of this large group of people.7.最令南希感到高兴的莫过于看到她七岁的儿子取得的飞速进步，他的演奏甚至会使许多专业钢琴家相形见绌。

Nothing pleases Nancy more than to see the rapid progress made by her seven-year-old son, whose playing would put many a professional pianist to shame.8.我要表明的观点是，作为当代的大学生，我们必须极为尊重知识，尤其是尊重对知识的追求，并非常重视传统、社会的约束和连续性。

The point I want to make is that as modern university students, we must hold knowledge in high esteem, especially its quest, and place great value on tradition, social restraint and continuity.

第三篇：21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册1~6单元 cloze

Unit 1

There are many paths to greatness.Some people go down in history for their1)political leadership.Other are remembered for spectacular scientific 2)or writing 3)characteristics.They are relentlessly 5)_ and persistent;they have both intellectual skills and the ability to work well with other people;and they love their work.In fact, 6 these people, work is more like an obsession than a job.Of course, many of the questions about greatness 7), unanswered.What roles so genetics and environment 8)9)will be remembered as great and which people, though famous today, will be 10)also possible that our 11)_who is great is not always fair or accurate.For example, the of 12)women are not recognized as often as they should be.Finally, we can’t even be 13)_really good to be great.Maybe the happiest people are the normal ones.Normal people aren’t endowed 14)what it takes to be great, but they also don’t have to worry 15)__ the burdens of history.Unit 2

Gratitude is defined as the art of showing 1)____ for every kindness, great and small.Usually,2)__gratitude costs very little, but its rewards can be great.When gratitude is owed but not given, however, as when we 3)_ to recognize a generous act on someone else’s 4)_feelings, and even resentment.Sometimes, truly deep gratitude calls for personal sacrifice.One 5)mother of world war II soldier who traveled from her home6)family who had 7)____ her son from Nazis.She was driven to 8)_this unselfish generosity which this family had shown her son.But gratitude can 9)_ be shown by very simple acts.We can start 10)_making sure that, in one way or another, we thank the family members and 11)_In sum, the 12)to gratitude is thoughtfulness, or 13)___ pains to consider the feeling of others as well as out own.Being generous and 14)_make the world a more pleasant place.For all of these 15)_ gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much..Unit 3

Traditional western ways of thinking can often lead to an 1)__ when we are confronting a truly difficult problem.This happened to Dr.Edward Jenner when he was trying to 2)_ up with a vaccine for the deadly disease known as smallpox.Jenner wasto solve the problem he faced by changing the 4)_within which he looked at it.Rather than focusing on people who had smallpox, he 5)carefully at those who seemed never to get the disease.This change in6)__ is an example of what is known as “lateral thinking.” The term means choosing not to approach a problem head-on, but instead looking at it

7)__.In lateral thinking, being able to take in and8)__ all kinds of ideas, no matter how unlikely theymightseem, is of the9)_from smokers who want to give 10)___ their habit, to archers who need to relax in order to perform 11)_their best.This idea does not 12)_thatsolutionswhich comefrom verticalthinkingarealways deeply13)14)_you get stuck struggling with a problem head-on, thinking laterally can help you to shift your point of view and perhaps see a 15)_you wouldn’t other wise notice.Unit 4

A recent educational experiment showed that the difference between “gifted” children and regular ones may have as much as to do with 1)__as with intelligence.An elementary school teacher was

2)_them to do outstanding work, even though their true IQs were well within the normal range.It seems that her belief in her students’ intelligence was enough to turn them 4)___exactly how such beliefs are expressed.It __have to do with how a teacher talks tothe class: many positive, supportive expressions and few expressions of impatience, annoyance, or communication, including 8)_probably plays a role too.But one thingis clear: labels and expectations 9)____ as not, have a negative effect.The labelswe put on different social groups are usually not 11)____.In fact, they are often sexist or racist.Of 12)____ , there is good and bad in all kinds of people.But we 13)____to accept some ideas about certain groups more readily than about others.The school experiment shows that such labels have a

14)__

Unit 5

When I came to prison, my reading skills were 1)____ and my penmanship was worse.But because I wanted to 2)____ some of the more well-read inmates, I decided to do something about it, I began by copying 3)_the dictionary.You know the dictionary had all kinds of information.It’s something like an encyclopedia in 4)__.But the most important result 5)__ studying dictionary was that it gave me the word 6)__ I needed to read 7)__.Soon, I could pick up8)_checked 9)all kinds of books from the prison library, both non-fiction and literature.I love to read so much that I could I always find myself 10)_in something when “lights out” came.I was so 11)_for knowledge that I would then lie on the floor and read by the faint 12)the guard coming back down along the corridor.Many people say that no true 13)_prison.But I felt that I learned more there than I could have in any college, even if no degree was 14)__where I could be left alone and allowed to read for up to 15 hours per day?

Unit 6

what does a young child’s ability not to eat a marshmallow 1)__ to do with success in life? Quite a lot, as it turns out.The 4-year-old who is able to 2)__more self-control than will serve him or her well as an adult.This ability to control one’s 4)__part of what is called Emotional Intelligence.The children who demonstrate it will grow up to be better adjusted and

5)_successful.Those kids who don’t have it are less likely to succeed when it comes to meeting challenges and 6)_with life’s frustration.In the past, our concept of intelligence was mainly limited 7)__the kinds of skills that 8)___ one to do well in school.But Emotional Intelligence 9)_ what it means to be smart by focusing on how the mind 10)_understanding of Emotional Intelligence can be every 11)help corporations manage employees, and help solve many social problems.These ideas are not very controversial, but some other13)_such a 14)__ and abstract idea would be reduced to a simple numerical measure in the 15)_ of an “EQ”.

第四篇：新视野大学英语读写教程2句子翻译

Unit 1

1．她连水都不愿意喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。（much less）She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner 2．他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是真话。（whereas）He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth.3．这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释？（account for）

How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week? 4.他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。（due to）The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.5.这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。（result in）

Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.6.我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量的时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。（pour into）

We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.Unit 2

1.尽管她是家里的独生女，他父母从不溺爱她。（despite）

Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents.2．麦克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没给我打电话作任何解释。

Mike didn’t come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation.3． 坐在他旁边的人确实发表过一些小说，但绝对不是什么大家。（next to;by no means）

The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer.4.他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。（be indifferent to）

He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.5.经理需要一个可信赖的助手，在他外出时，由相互收负责处理问题。（count to）The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence.6.这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。（in the presence of sb）

This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience.Unit 3 1.你再怎么有经验也得学习新技术。（never too 〃〃〃to）

You are never too experienced to learn new techniques.2.还存在一个问题那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作。There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there.3．由于文化不同，他们的关系在开始确实遇到一些困难。

Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences.4 虽然他经历沉浮，但我始终相信他总有一天会成功。

Though he has had ups and downs, I believed all along that he would succeed someday.5．我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法

I have some reservations about the truth of your claim.6.她长的并不是特别高，但是她身材瘦，给人一种个子高的错觉

She isn't particularly tall, but her slim figure gives an illusion of height.Unit 4

1.有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？

It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar.2.不管黑猫白猫，能抓住老鼠就是好猫。

It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice.3你必须明天上午十点之前把那笔钱给我。

You must let me have the money back without fail by ten o'clock tomorrow morning.4 请允许我参加这个项目，我对这个项目非常感兴趣。

Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it 5.人人都知道他比较特殊，他来去随意。

Everyone knows that he is special: He is free to come and go as he pleases.6 看她脸上不悦的神色，我觉得她似乎有什么话想跟我说。

Watching the unhappy look on her face, I felt as though she wished to say something to me.Unit 5

1.他说话很自信，给我留下了很深的印象

He spoke confidently, which impressed me most.2.我父亲太爱忘事，总是在找钥匙。

My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys.3.我十分感激你给我的帮助。

I'm very grateful to you for all the help you have given me.4.光线不足加上地面潮湿，使得驾驶十分困难

The bad light, coupled with the wet ground, made driving very difficult.5.由于缺乏资金，他们不得不取消了创业计划。

Being starved of funds, they had to cancel their plan to start a business.6.每当有课麻烦，他们总是依靠我们。

They always lean on us whenever they are in trouble.Unit 6

1.就像机器需要经常运转一样，身体也需要经常锻炼。

(Just)as a machine needs regular running, so does the body need regular exercise.2.在美国学习时，他学会了弹钢琴。

He learned to play the piano while studying in the United States.3.令我们失望的是，他拒绝了我们的邀请。

To our disappointment, he turned down our invitation.4.真实情况是，不管是好是坏，随着高科技的进步，世界发生了变化。

The reality is that, for better or worse, the world has changed with advance of new technologies.5.我班里的大多数女生在被要求回答问题时都似乎感到不自在。

Most of the female students in my class appear to be ill at ease when(they are)required to answer questions.6.当地政府负责运动会的安全。

The local government took charge of the security for the sports meeting.Unit 7

1.在会上，除了其他事情，他们还讨论了目前的经济形势。

At the meeting they discussed, among other things, the present economic situation.2 我对大自然了解得越多，就越痴迷于大自然的奥秘。

The more I learned about the nature, the more absorbed I became in its mystery.3 医生建议说，有压力的人应该学会做一些新鲜有趣、富有挑战性的事情，好让自己的负面情绪有发泄的渠道

The doctor recommends that those stressed people should try something new, interesting and challenging in order to give their negative feelings an outlet.3.那个学生的成绩差，但老师给他布置了更多的作业，而不是减少作业量。

The teacher gives more homework to the student who has bad grades instead of cutting it down.5.相比之下，美国的父母更趋向于把孩子的成功归因于天赋。

By contrast, American parents are more likely to attribute their children's success to natural talent.6.教师首相要考虑的事情之一是唤起学生的兴趣，激发他们的创造性。

One of a teacher's priorities is to stimulate students' interests and their creativity.Unit 8

1.她一点也不知道这幅画有一天居然会价值一百多万美元。

Little did she know that this picture would one day be worth more than a million dollars.2.虽然我理解你说的话，但是我不同意你在这个问题上的看法。

While I understand what you say, I don’t agree with you on the issue.3.我认为警察的职责就是保护人民。

I think the police are meant to protect people.4.昨天我去看她，却发现他于几天前出国了。

I went to see him yesterday, only to find that he had gone abroad several days before.5.在每周例会上，每个人的发言都不能偏离会议议题。

At the weekly meeting, everyone must confine their remarks to the subject.6.要是我没说那些愚蠢的话该多好啊，那时我太年轻，不能明辨是非。

If only I hadn’t said those silly words!I was too young then to distinguish right from wrong.Unit 9

1.我确信自己一定会有出息，即使至今我还没有做出更大的成绩。

I am sure that I will make something of myself, even though I have not achieved any major success so far.2.这么多年如此努力，我觉得自己应该有个号的前途。

I have been working hard for so many years;I feel I am entitled to a good future.3.当她丈夫离她而去只留给她生活的残局去收拾时，她的心智失常了。

When her husband deserted her, leaving her with nothing but scattered pieces of life to pick up, she went insane.4.从我的立场来看，母亲当时过于严厉，并没有顾及我的感受。

From my standpoint, Mother was too hard on me then, without taking my feelings into account.5.当我登上事业的顶峰时，常萦绕在我心头的是母亲说过的话：“面对生活，不放弃”

When I reached the summit of my professional career, mother's words “Never be a quitter in face of life” were constantly in my mind.6.你应该知道不能在大街上踢球。

You should know better than to play football in the street.Unit 10

1.整个事情我记得清清楚楚，就好像是昨天发生的一样。

I remember the whole thing clearly as though it had happened yesterday.2.他们中哪个文章写得最好，哪个就获奖。

Whichever of them writes the best essay will win the prize.3.事实证明，那次预算为一年后工资上调做好了准备。

It turned out that the budget provided for a salary increase one year later.4.日复一日，年复一年，她做着同样的工作，但从不抱怨。

She did the same job day after day and year after year, but she never complained.5.途中她忍受了种种艰难困苦；但什么都不能阻止她寻找失散的女儿。

She endured all kinds of hardships on the journey;nothing could keep her from finding her lost daughter.6.别跟那帮人混在一起，他们光天化日之下做了很多坏事。

Don't get mixed up with that gang.They have committed many bad things in broad daylight.

第五篇：21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册1-4单元完形填空和翻译

21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册完形填空

Unit 1

There are many paths to greatness.Some people go down in history for their1)political leadership.Other are remembered for spectacular scientific 2)great symphonies, or writing 3)poetry.But whatever path they take, great people seem to

4)__ a few common characteristics.They are relentlessly 5)_ and persistent;they have both intellectual skills and the ability to work well with other people;and they love their work.In fact,6greatness 7), unanswered.What roles so genetics and environment 8)in the question ? How can we know who among our9)will be remembered as great and which people, though famous today, will be 10)11)_ women are not recognized as often as they should be.Finally, we can’t even be 13)__ if it is really good to be great.Maybe the happiest people are the normal ones.Normal people aren’t endowed 14)it takes to be great, but they also don’t have to worry 15)_

Unit 2

Gratitude is defined as the art of showing 1)__Usually, 2)__but not given, however, as when we 3)_ to recognize a generous act on someone else’s 4)_, this denial can lead to sore feelings, and even resentment.Sometimes, truly deep gratitude calls for personal

sacrifice.One 5)_ is a mother of world war II soldier who traveled from her home

6)__ her son from Nazis.She was driven to 8)_this unselfish generosity which this family had shown her son.But gratitude can

9)___ making sure that, in one way or another, we thank the family members and 11)_In sum, the 12)to gratitude is thoughtfulness, or 13)___ pains to consider the feeling of others as well as out own.Being generous and 14)_ with our affection and sentiments is one thing we all can do to make the world a more pleasant place.For all of these 15)__gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much..Unit 3

Traditional western ways of thinking can often lead to an 1)__ when we are confronting a truly difficult problem.This happened to Dr.Edward Jenner when he was trying to 2)_ up with a by changing the 4)_ within which he looked at it.Rather than focusing on people who had smallpox, he 5)carefully at those who seemed never to get the disease.This change in

6)__ is an example of what is known as “lateral thinking.” The term means choosing not to approach a problem head-on, but instead looking at it 7)__take in and8)__ all kinds of ideas, no matter how unlikely theymightseem, is of the

9)_ significance.Lateral thinking can help all kinds of people, from smokers who want to give

10)__not 12)_thatsolutionswhich comefrom verticalthinkingarealways deeply

13)_.The truth is that different ways of thinking have different14)_stuck struggling with a problem head-on, thinking laterally can help you to shift your point of view and perhaps see a 15)_ you wouldn’t other wise notice.Unit 4

A recent educational experiment showed that the difference between “gifted” children and regular ones may have as much as to do with 1)__as with intelligence.An elementary school teacher was 2)_into thinking that her students were above average in intelligence.She then

3)__to get them to do outstanding work, even though their true IQs were well within the normal range.It seems that her belief in her students’ intelligence was enough to turn them 4)_learners.It’s difficult to 5)____have to do with how a teacher talks tothe class: many positive, supportive expressions and few expressions of probably plays a role too.But one thingis clear: labels and expectations 9)__Outside of the classroom, labeling can, as 10)we put on different social groups are usually not 11)__In fact, they are often sexist or racist.Of

12)____ , there is good and bad in all kinds of people.But we 13)__about certain groups more readily than about others.The school experiment shows that such labels have a

14)____ deal of power.But when labels are unfair and negative they can be very 15)____.Unit 1

1.美国人往往以从事的工作来对人们进行划分。家庭和教育背景这些特点被认为是不太重要的。Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do.Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.2.他决不妥协的个性是他再也无法容忍它的雇主，并最终递交了辞职书的原因。

His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.3.如果你真想学好英语，你就必须投入大量的时间和精力，否则你就不会有任何进步。对于其他课程也可以这么说。

If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you will go nowhere.The same can be said of other subjects.4.有些演员的名声靠的是他们天生的美貌，但是达斯汀ㆍ霍夫曼（Dustin Hoffman）尽管身材矮小（short stature）,还是出类拔萃，而使他与众不同的正是他精湛的演技。

Some actors’ fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that sets him apart.5.他负责管理之后，我们发现他与前任（predecessor）有明显的不同：他有干劲和激情，想出了很多新点子，并把工作重点放在如何鼓舞我们的士气上。

After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor.He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.6.当邓小平宣布中国改革开放政策的时候，他被永远载入史册。尽管障碍重重，他以不懈的努力为我国的现代化作出了永久性的贡献。

Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China’s reform and opening-up policy.Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country’s modernization with his unrelenting efforts.7.为什么有人拥有天才级智商却被智商平平但很刻苦的人丢在后面?承认除了智商外，还有很多别的因素与一个认得成就有着很大的关系。

Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one’s IQ, many other factors have much to do with one’s achievements.8.这位教师真了不起，她能在教东西之前调动学生的积极性。这并不是因为她有天赋，而是因为她只想着在课堂上吸引他们的注意力。

This teacher is really remarkable in motivating her students so she can really teach them something.It’s not that she is talented, it’s that she focuses completely on drawing their full attention in class.Unit 2

1.他瞪眼看着约翰，对他拒绝合作感到恼怒。

He glared at John and was annoyed by his denial of cooperation.2.约翰真诚的讲话表达了他对那些在他处于困境时给过他慷慨帮助的人们感激之情。

John’s sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when he was in difficulty.3.他可说是一个集邮家。他曾经积蓄了两年去买一张珍邮这件事便是证明。

He is something of a stamp collector.The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is roof of it.4.这些玫瑰的美丽怎么评价也不过分。它们以各种方式吸引住了所有的游客。

The beauty of these roses could not be overstated.They took/caught all the visitors’s fancy in one way or another.5.起先，他理所当然地认为该地区应当多造一些公路。然而仔细计算费用后，他在作出最后决定前有不得不重新考虑了。

At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in this area.Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision.6.每次收到我的礼物，不管多少，我的朋友比尔决不忘记表示感激。

Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend Bill never fails to acknowledge it.7.那位新闻记者决定找到那位老夫妇心中提及的年轻人。那封信赞赏了年轻人为使他们的生活条件更为惬意而付出的努力。

The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple’s letter, which is a tribute to the young man’s effort at improving their living conditions.8.虽然他厌烦了那些每天上门来吹嘘起产品的推销员，但他克制着没有将他们推之门外。

Though he was fed up with the salesman who knocked at his door and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.Unit 3

1.汤姆因一问题而心神不宁但又一筹莫展，直到他学会以不同的策略把它解决才不心烦。

Tom was hung up on the problem but could do nothing about it until he learnt to solve it with different tactics.2.横向思维帮助他提出了原来似乎走进死胡同的新理论。

Lateral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which had seemed to have reach a dead end.3.我们最新的建设计划的框架已获得地方政府的批准。它是否会按时实施对这座沿海城市的发展具有极为重大的意义。

The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed by the local government.Whether it will be carried out on time is of the utmost significance to the development of this coastal city.4.在设法寻找一个解决问题的办法的过程中,爱德华在思想上陷入了僵局，但后来他改变了观察角度，以一种完全意想不到的方式解决了问题。

While trying to find a solution to the problem, Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.5.许多人认为计算机机房将最终取代图书馆，想吸收新知识的学生最终将在计算机机房里学习一切。Many people believe that computer labs will eventually take over from the libraries and students who want to take in new knowledge will end up learning everything in the computer lab.6.昨天他的汽车几乎是迎头撞上了一辆卡车。如果他继续这样随便开车，我确信他最后一定会被送进医院的急诊室。

Yesterday his car crashed into a truck almost head-on.If he does not stop driving so carelessly, I am sure he will wind up in the emergency room of a hospital.7.这幅画的结构设计有一个缺点。你为什么不擦掉那几条垂线，把它简化一点呢？

There is a flaw in the structural design of the painting.Why don’t you erase the vertical lines and simplify it a little bit?

8.约翰本该在很久以前就把烟戒掉了。毕竟健康对每个人来说都是最重要的。

John should have given up smoking a long time ago.After all, health is of the utmost importance to everybody.Unit 4

1.学校应避免仅按学生考试成绩来判别孰优孰劣并以此对待他们。相反，好的教育体制应使每一位学生都能达到良好的水准，成为全面发展的人。

Schools should avoid deciding who are superior only in terms of the students’ exam results and treating them accordingly.Instead, a good educational system should enable every student to measure up to good standards as well-rounded people.2.大学生课后有问题时，往往在办公时间之外不容易找到老师。这是由于教师繁忙的学术研究，而不是他们对学生漠不关心。

As often as not, when college students have questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours.This is due to teachers’ busy academic research, rather than their indifference to the students.3.这个班级由40名学生组成，他们中大部分按英语水平过去常被归在中等之列。但由于这位老师从

不在言辞中表露出不耐烦，学生们对他的教学方法产生了积极的反应，从而没有辜负他的期望。This class consists of forty students, most of whom used to be labeled average in terms of English level.But as this teacher has never shown any verbal impatience, the students have reacted positively to his teaching methods and lived up to his expectations.4.在美国，教书变得越来越难了，部分原因是学生越来越多样的种族背景以及需要另外培训才能掌握的更为复杂的教学技术。

Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the the United States, due in part to the diversity of students racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.5.英国人经常被归类为保守型，显然这一归类带有成见。实际上，英国在民族特性方面与其他欧洲国家相比并没有太大的差异。他们有礼貌，爱整洁，讲秩序，充满自信

The English are, as often as not, labeled conservative.Obviously this label is prejudiced.In reality, Britain is not very different from other European countries in terms of national characteristics.They are polite, neat, orderly and confident.6.有些年轻人在成长过程中有着要求独立的强烈愿望。他们宁可通过自己的努力来渡过生活中的困难，也不愿意带着负罪感求助于他们的父母。

Some young people grow up with a strong desire for independence.They would rather try hard to go through life on their own than turn to their parents for help with a sense of guilt.7.你的朋友对你非常真诚，你也应该同样以诚相待，决不应该欺骗他，或者带着讽刺的口吻谈论他的挫折。

Your friend treats you sincerely, so you should respond accordingly and mustn’t deceive him or talk about his setbacks with irony.8.邻居们恼火的原因是他们发出的噪音，但是由于他们一再保证夜间停工，从而得以完成这套公寓的装潢。

The neighbor’s irritation/annoyance was due to the noise they made.However, because of reassurances that they would stop working at night, they went through with the decoration of this apartment.