第一篇：2018_2019学年高中英语课时分层作业4Unit2Heroes北师大版必修1
课时分层作业(四)
[语言知识练习固基础] Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The boy was waving(wave)to us when we turned back to say goodbye to him.2．Scientists have many theories about how the universe came(come)into being.3．She had to walk home with her bike stolen(steal)．
4．The suggestion made(make)by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.5．Having failed(fail)many times，he didn't lost heart.6．It was difficult to calm down the football fans.7．By no means can theory be separated from practice.8．Rockets are used in the exploration(explore)of the universe.9．She sang to the music with her hand waving(wave)gently.10．The police used unnecessary violence(violent)on the crowd.Ⅱ.完成句子
1．听到这消息时我们高兴得跳了起来。Hearing the news，we jumped with joy.2．这些书是鲁迅写的，受到了许多中国人民的喜爱。
The books，written by Lu Xun，are popular with many Chinese people.3．全班同学盯着他，他感觉更不自在。
He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him.4．我弟弟骑自行车时摔倒了，伤了自己。
My brother fell while he was riding his bike，and hurt himself.5．湖水如此平静，看上去像是一面镜子。
The water of the lake is so calm that it looks like a mirror.[高考题型练习提能力] Ⅰ.阅读理解
17yearold Elexis Webster grew up homeless with cruel family members and serious health problems.But Webster has got over these difficulties to become an honor student at her high school.The teen spent her childhood living in dugouts(防空洞)，cars，and any place where her family could find shelter.She was treated cruelly by her mother，a drug user，who left her and her sister alone without food for days.Her older brother disturbed her study too many tunes.Her poor living conditions led to her becoming extremely weak，which caused her to miss school often.However，she got a 4.1 GPA in the exam，though many wouldn't expect her to have such a hard life.Surviving in the family in an environment like that，she was able to come out of it，and she knew she had to make the best of what happened to her.At 14，her mother was put in prison for leaving Webster and her sister in a car in the middle of a school day.The two girls were placed in foster care(寄养所)with a woman whom Webster still lives with.She calls her “Mema”．
“Mema”，who the teen sees as her mom，encouraged Webster as she returned school again.Even after missing three years of school，Webster was able to be excellent.Now Webster has planned to attend University of California at Los Angeles and study physics.“I got to a place where I was able to keep going and push for higher than a 4.1 and push to get into a really great college or university.I see success.I see happiness and I see peace，”she told KPIX 5.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个名叫Elexis Webster的少女，在残忍的家人和严重的健康问题的双重打击下，克服了这些困难，成了她所在高中的佼佼者。这篇文章为我们详细记录了她的故事。
1．Where does Webster live now most probably? A．In a car.B．In the dugout.C．In foster care.D．At the University of California.C [推理判断题。由文章中的“The two girls were placed in foster care(寄养所)with a woman whom Webster still lives with.”在Webster 14岁的时候，她的妈妈被捕入狱，她和妹妹被送到了寄养所，后面的“still lives with”可以让我们推断出，Webster现在依然居住在那里。] 2．Why was Webster's mother put into prison? A．She was always taking drugs.B．She left her daughters alone in a car.C．She stole food for her three children.D．She didn't let her children attend school.B [细节理解题。由文章中的“At 14，her mother was put in prison for leaving Webster and her sister in a car in the middle of a school day.”可以得知，她的妈妈被捕入狱是因为将她和她的妹妹独自留在了车内。] 3．What's the future goal of Webster? A．Becoming a physics teacher.B．Earning enough money to buy a house.C．Being admitted into a really good college.D．Breaking away from her mother and brother.C [细节理解题。由文章中的“I got to a place where I was able to keep going and push for higher than a 4.1 and push to get into a really great college or university”可以得知，Webster的其中一个目标就是可以进入一所很好的大学。] 4．What do we know about Webster? A．She wouldn't believe in anyone any longer.B．She got a lot of help from her brother.C．She was brought up in a warm family.D．She got motherly love from Mema.D [推理判断题。通过文章可以得知，Webster和妹妹在寄养所里面遇到了Mema，Webster将她看成了自己的母亲，并且她鼓励Webster重返学校，让Webster在离开学校三年的情况下，重新变得很优秀。由此可以推断出，Webster从Mema那里得到了母爱。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How to Stay Out of Trouble
Sometimes it may seem like you're always getting into trouble with your teachers or your parents.1 The best thing to do is to stop trouble before it starts.It's always possible to turn over a new leaf.2 Joining a sports team is a great way to stay out of trouble.Whether you're playing soccer or baseball，team sports are a great way to find something to do rather than get into trouble.Join a club.If sports aren't your thing，you can always join a club.You can join an art club，chess club，French club，cooking club and so on.3 Therefore，you won't have time to annoy your teachers or parents.Go volunteering.4 If you're too young to do it on your own，go with a parent to a volunteering event.You can help people learn to read，clean up a local park，or work in a soup kitchen.Find something that is meaningful to you and commit to it at least once a week.Read as much as you can.Reading can help you improve your vocabulary and comprehension skills.5 Getting truly interested in stories can help you forget the hours passing by.Reading for just 20 minutes before bedtime every night can help you develop an addicting lifelong habit.A．Join a sports team.B．Play soccer or baseball.C．Then you can have a good time with your friends.D．Volunteering is another great way to stay out of trouble.E．These clubs can help you focus on something you care about.F．What's more，if you're reading，then you're not getting into trouble.G．And no matter what you do，you just can't seem to get things right.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章就如何避免麻烦向读者提供了四条建议。主要有参加运动队，加入俱乐部，多读书等。
1．G [前句“Sometimes it may seem like you're always getting into trouble with your teachers or your parents.”意为有时你似乎总是和老师或父母发生麻烦，选项G对上句进行了进一步的说明，同时也引出了下句解决麻烦的迫切性，故选G项。] 2．A [根据文章篇章结构可知，此处是对本段主题的考查，且为祈使句，本段主要讲加入运动队，故选A。] 3．E [本段主要讲加入社团。选项E中的“These clubs”与上句中的“an art club，chess club，French club，cooking club and so on”对应，故选E。] 4．D [本段主要讲参加志愿活动，选项D中的Volunteering与主题句“Go volunteering”对应，故选D。] 5．F [本段主要讲多读书可以使你避免麻烦，选项F中的“if you're reading，then you're not getting into trouble”与本段主旨对应，故选F。] Ⅲ.语法填空
There once were a goat and a donkey 1.(live)on a farm.The donkey worked the hardest so the farmer 2.(feed)it the most food.Sometimes the donkey was given more food 3.it could eat.This made the goat so jealous 4.it began plotting against(谋划对付)the donkey.“Hey，donkey，”the goat said one day.“I think you do too much work on this farm.You carry such heavy things from morning to night.Why don't you pretend 5.(get)sick so you can take a day 6.？”The donkey thought the goat had a great idea.So the next morning，the donkey lay in the stable(畜栏)on its side with its eyes 7.(close).8.(immediate)，the farmer called the doctor.After looking at the donkey，the doctor said it needed a special 9.(medical)made from the heart of a goat.So the farmer killed 10.goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述的是山羊嫉妒驴子能干活受到主人疼爱，告诉驴子让它装病想要陷害它，但最后山羊却被自己的嫉妒心害了。
1．living [“There once were a goat and a donkey 1.(live)on a farm.” 主语为a goat and a donkey，与live之间为主动关系，故填living。] 2．fed [“The donkey worked the hardest so the farmer 2.(feed)it the most food.”浏览全文可知本文是一般过去时态，根据时态一致的原则，故填fed。] 3．than [“Sometimes the donkey was given more food 3.it could eat.”考查固定搭配“more than超过”，驴子有时候被给的食物比它能吃的还要多，故填than。] 4．that [“4.it began plotting against(谋划对付)the donkey.”考查that的用法，that放句首可以引导主语从句，故填that。] 5．to get [“Why don't you pretend 5.(get)sick so you can take a day 6.？”考查固定搭配“pretend to do sth.假装做某事”，故填to get。] 6．off [“Why don't you pretend 5.(get)sick so you can take a day 6.？”根据句意可推断出此处指休假，使用固定搭配“day off休假”，故填off。] 7．closed [“So the next morning，the donkey lay in the stable(畜栏)on its side with its eyes 7.(close)．”考查with复合结构。题目中已经给出了with和一个名词eyes，和动词close构成被动关系，故填它的过去分词形式，故填closed。] 8．Immediately [“8.(immediate)，the farmer called the doctor.”通过副词形式来表示时间频率，故填Immediately。] 9．medicine [“After looking at the donkey，the doctor said it needed a special 9.(medical)made from the heart of a goat.”special为形容词，修饰名词，故填medicine。] 10．his/the [“So the farmer killed 10.goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.”这里既可以填the来特指山羊，也可以用his表示农夫的山羊，故填his/the。] 5
第二篇：2018_2019学年高中英语课时分层作业8Unit15Learning北师大版必修5
课时分层作业(八)
[语言知识练习固基础] Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Hangzhou is a beautiful city;it is worthwhile to go(go)there.2．He is such a courageous man that he does not fear death at all.3．As is known to all，the moon shines with reflected(reflect)light.4．They have no alternative but to fight(fight)till the victory.5．It's important for a firm to keep pace with changes in the market.6．Some comrades，however，were lacking(lack)in enthusiasm.7．We need to set about finding(find)a solution.8．The thief was caught stealing(steal)goods by the police.9．I wish that you had taken(take)part in the meeting yesterday.10．You shouldn't have gone(go)back yesterday.Ⅱ.完成句子
1．她发觉他带着奇怪的目光注视着自己。
She caught him looking at her in strange ways.2．她工作得很快，我跟不上她的速度。
She works so fast that I can't keep pace with her.3．他的行为应该受到高度赞扬。
His behaviour is worthy of being praised/to be praised.4．那个门不通向大街。
There is no access to the street through that door.5．今天天气不错，你真没有必要带上雨伞的。
It's fine today，you needn't have taken the umbrella.[高考题型练习提能力] Ⅰ.阅读理解
Most people watching Jeremy Lin these past two months saw Jeremy Lin，New York Knicks star;but I，watching him，saw someone else.That was my elder brother，Bob，who is athletic and energetic.He could never sit still when he was in second grade;he had to get up every now and then and run around the room.And sure enough，he grew up to be a starting player for an NCAA championship lacrosse(长曲棍球)team.He was a Nikeendorsed marathoner，too，and reached the top of Mt.Everest，unguided，in his 50s.And yet my family never watched his lacrosse games.We did watch some of his marathons，but that wasn't until he was in his 20s.When Bob was in his glory days，our Shanghaineseborn parents were bent on getting him into medical school.There was a loving aspect to it: I can remember my father working through math books with him，lesson by lesson，at the big blackboard in the attic.Bob never did become a doctor，though;and neither did I．It wasn't until my younger sister came along that someone in the family finally wore a white coat.Bob today could be the fittest 58yearold on the planet.His doctor estimates his biological age at 35；he's still big mountains in the Himalayas.And，like Jeremy Lin，he's charming.No one sees Bob without leaving with a laugh.He sometimes jokes he could be mayor of his building，and it's true.To know him is to cheer for him.And yet my parents did not cheer for him.What if my mother had sat on the sidelines with her statistics，like Jeremy Lin's mother? What if my father had played videos of athletes for my brother to watch and imitate? It's hard not to wonder.And how did Jeremy Lin's parents manage to do these remarkable things? Amy Chua，the tiger mother，recalls her immigrant father beating the kids whenever they mispronounced a Chinese word.How is it that Jeremy Lin's immigrant father in particular，GieMing Lin，encouraged his son to follow such an untraditional path? 【语篇解读】 林书豪的成功，使人们开始反思什么是最合适的教育方式。家长是应该把自己的意愿强加给孩子还是发挥孩子的特长呢？ 1．Bob's glory days were those ． A．when he was doing well in math B．when he was in second grade C．when he was made mayor of his building D．when he showed his talents in sports D [推理判断题。根据文章一、二两段内容可知，鲍勃20多岁时在体育方面的表现很优秀，由此可推知，鲍勃最辉煌的时期应是他在体育运动中展现他的特长的时候。] 2．From the passage we can tell that Bob is ． A．active and optimistic B．clever and determined C．brave and helpful D．considerate and independent A [细节理解题。根据第三段的第三、四、五句内容可知，鲍勃积极、乐观，故应选A项。] 3．Which of the following statements is probably TRUE? A．Bob was always ignored by his parents.B．Bob could also have been a sports star.C．Bob's parents often watched his games.D．Nobody in the author's family was a doctor.B [推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容可知，鲍勃曾经在体育方面的表现非常优秀，多次获奖，若能坚持下去，他也许会成为一名体育明星，故B项正确。] 4．From the last two paragraphs we can infer that.A．parents should always study together with their children B．parents should know how to educate their children properly C．children should be punished when they do anything wrong D．children should try to live up to the hopes of their parents B [推理判断题。在文章最后两段中，作者用反问句暗示出家长应该给孩子正确的教育，而不是强迫他们做这做那。] Ⅱ.完形填空
(2017·天水二中高二下期中)When I was three years old，my parents discovered I was totally deaf.After consulting with many doctors，they made a decision about my 1 ．Instead of sending me to a private school for the deaf，they decided to send me to a 2 one.From the first day there，the other kids 3 me and called me names 4 my hearing aid and the way I talked.I experienced great 5 because，in addition to the problems of “fitting in” with the other students，I also struggled with my 6 I seemed to spend every spare moment doing homework just so I could 7 ．The teachers didn't know what to do with me.Because of my hearing disability，I was constantly 8 everyone，“What did he/she say？” But I 9 that everyone would soon grow tired of repeating everything back to me.Since fitting in was so 10 to me，every time people around me laughed or smiled，I did the same even though I 11 had no idea what was going on.On the surface，I was 12，but in reality，my selfesteem(自尊)was quite low.Mrs.Jordan，my 5th grade teacher，13 all of that with a simple threeword phrase.One morning，she asked the class a question.I read her lips and 14 raised my hand.I couldn't 15 it—for once I knew the 16 ．But，when she called on me，I was 17 ．I took a deep breath and nervously answered Mrs.Jordan's question.I'll never forget what 18 next.With sparkling eyes and a wide smile she cried，“That's right，Stephen！” For the first time in my young life，I was an instant star.My heart burst with pride.I sat a little taller in my chair.My 19 soared(猛增)as never before.From that day forward，my 20 and speech improved greatly and my popularity among my classmates increased.【语篇解读】 文章作者讲述自己小时候，因为听力障碍，在学校受到嘲笑，和同学相处受挫以及听力障碍造成的学习困难让他过得很累。后来作者无意中回答了老师的提问并受到老师的表扬之后，他的自信心急剧增强，终于走出了困境。1．A．performance
C．career
B．journey D．education D [根据下文我没有被送到聋哑学校，而是被送到正常学校，可知这是父母对我的教育所做的决定。故选D。] 2．A．special C．normal
B．new D．big C [normal正常的，常规的；句意：没有把我送到私人的聋哑学校，他们把我送到了正常的学校。根据句意可知这里选C。] 3．A．laughed at C．waited for
B．talked about D．thought of A [laughed at嘲笑；talked about谈论；waited for等待；thought of想到。根据下文的描述可知，这里表示从我到那儿的第一天，其他孩子就嘲笑我并且骂我。故选A。] 4．A．except for C．instead of
B．because of D．according to B [except for除外；because of因为；instead of代替，而不是；according to根据。句意：从我到那儿的第一天，其他孩子就因为我的听力障碍以及我的说话方式嘲笑我并且骂我。故选B。] 5．A．anxiety C．regret
B．fear D．shock A [anxiety焦虑；fear害怕；regret遗憾；shock震惊。根据上文我被嘲笑和辱骂，可知作者经受的是焦虑。故选A。] 6．A．friendship C．singing
B．schoolwork D．dancing B [friendship友谊；schoolwork家庭作业；singing唱歌；dancing跳舞。根据下文I seemed to spend every spare moment doing homework我似乎把每一分钟都用在学习上。故这里意为“除了和其他同学的相处问题，我还努力地做功课。”故选B。] 7．A．get out C．grow up
B．speed up D．keep up D [考查动词短语辨析及对语境的理解。A.get out出来，出版；B.speed up加速；C.grow up成长；D.keep up保持，不减弱，不落后。句意：我似乎把每一分钟都用在学习上，这样我就能不落后于其他同学。根据句意可知选D。] 8．A．reminding C．asking
B．helping D．doubting C [reminding提醒；helping帮助；asking问；doubting怀疑。句意：由于我的听力障碍，我不断地问每个人： “他/她刚才说什么？”根据句意可知选C。] 9．A．ensured C．imagined
B．expected D．worried D [ensured确保；expected期待；imagined想象；worried担心。句意：但是我担心他们会很快厌倦我重复每件事情。根据句意可知选D。] 10．A．easy C．important
B．natural D．strange C [句意：既然相处融洽对我如此的重要，因此每一次周围的人笑的时候，我也笑，尽管通常我并不知道发生了什么。根据句意可知选C。] 11．A．finally C．gradually
B．usually D．regularly B [finally最终；usually通常；gradually逐渐地；regularly常规地。句意：尽管通常我并不知道发生了什么。故选B。] 12．A．smart C．outgoing
B．flexible D．energetic C [smart聪明的；flexible灵活的，多变的；outgoing外向的，开朗的；energetic充满活力的。句意：表面上我很开朗，事实上，我很自卑。故选C。] 13．A．explained C．covered
B．supported D．changed D [根据下文我的正确回答之后，Mrs.Jordan说的“That's right，Stephen！”及最后一段我的改变，可知这里句意为：我五年级的老师Mrs.Jordan用三个字的短语改变了这一切。故本题选D。] 14．A．immediately C．luckily
B．frequently D．carefully A [下文Mrs.Jordan让我回答问题，可知我读懂了她的话，立刻举起手。故选A。] 15．A．have C．remember
B．believe D．make B [句意：真的难以相信——只有这一次，我知道答案。根据句意可知选B。] 16．A．answer C．plan
B．rule D．secret A [下文我回答了Mrs.Jordan的问题，故我知道答案。故选A。] 17．A．angry C．afraid
B．quiet D．helpless C [句意：但是，当Jordan老师喊我名字时，我很害怕。我深呼一口气，紧张的回答了Jordan老师的问题。根据语境可知，C项正确。] 18．A．arrived C．began
B．improved D．happened D [arrived到达；improved改进；began开始；happened发生。句意：我永远忘不了接下来发生的事情。根据句意可知选D。] 19．A．confidence C．kindness
B．memory D．patience A [根据下文，自那之后我的分数和说话能力极大地提高并且更受同学们欢迎，可知这里意为“我的自信心从未有过的猛增”。故选A。] 20．A．experiments C．relationships
B．grades D．conditions B [句意：从那天之后，我的分数和说话能力极大地提高并且更受同学们欢迎。根据句意可知选B。] 6
第三篇：2018_2019学年高中英语课时分层作业7Unit15Learning北师大版必修5
课时分层作业(七)
[语言知识练习固基础] Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．What about the admission qualification(qualify)for a master's degree? 2．He walked slowly，his hands buried(bury)in his pockets.3．He instructed me to deliver(deliver)it to a customer.4．The drug is suspected of causing(cause)over 200 deaths.5．A lot of industrial workers got laid off during the depression.6．The foreign policy and the national security(secure)of this country are involved.7．We could have faced(face)the difficulty together，but why didn't you tell me? 8．He speaks English as if he were(be)an Englishman.9．Microbes are too small to be seen(see)by the naked eye.10．With you.However，I think it's about time for me to leave(leave)． Ⅱ.完成句子
1．他是时候该为要到来的考试做准备了。
It is high time that he prepared for the coming examination． 2．我太不好意思告诉她我不及格。
I was too ashamed to tell her that I had failed.3．她自称她胜任这一工作，结果我们轻信了她。
She claimed she was qualified for the job and we took her on trust.4．涉嫌偷窃的那些男生被叫到校长办公室把口袋里的东西统统掏出来接受检查。
The boys who were suspected of stealing were made to empty out their pockets in the headmaster's office.5．谁能教我在短期内学好英语？
Who can instruct me how to learn English well in a short time?
[高考题型练习提能力] Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017·安徽滁州九校联考)In the early 1980s，one of our neighbors asked my mom if she would make a few gift baskets for her to give as gifts for the holidays.My mom agreed and news of the unique gift baskets my mom was making spread like wildfire 1 throughout the neighborhood.My mom was busy throughout the holiday season，so she asked a friend to help her.When the orders continued after the holiday season for baby gifts，birthday gifts and more，it occurred to them that maybe this job could be turned into a business and they did it.My mom went into her business because she had creative ideas.She got orders and filled order.But there was no goal and no real plan.In 1991，my mom's partner got into financial trouble and there was not enough money to support either mom or her partner.So if you are led by your creativity or enthusiasm，make sure you ask yourself what you purpose to do your business is.If you don't set goals，how will you know which direction to go in? Do you want to create jobs and growth in the economy? Are you looking for a hobby? You can't keep scores if you don't know what game you are playing.After my mom's partner quit，she had to abandon her business to support herself.She swore she would run a business again and do it differently the next time.However，there wasn't a “next time” for her.She passed away just after her 51st birthday.She never had someone tell her how important having a goal was，she never had a chance to be everything she could be.There are no right or wrong goals，only the ones that matter to you.Set them so that you can make progress and achieve success，whatever they may mean to you.【语篇解读】 这是一篇论述文，以作者的母亲的故事证明了目标的重要性。母亲在帮邻居做礼盒的过程中发现可以把做礼盒当作一项生意，于是在只有创意和热情的情况下开始了第一次生意，最终因为合伙人陷入经济困难而结束，但母亲还想着开始第二次生意，却在过完51岁生日便去世了。用母亲的故事证明了：一个目标是多么的重要，只有知道自己要做什么，才有可能成功。
1．What did the writer's mom do after failing in her business? A．She found a different partner.B．She celebrated her 51st birthday.C．She planned to have a second try with different methods.D．She decided never to run a business again.C [细节理解题。根据第四段“She swore she would run a business again and do it differently the next time.”可知，在合伙人辞职后，即母亲生意失败后，母亲发誓：她一定会再做一次生意，下次再做不同的事。C选项符合题意。A选项的意思是找一个不同的合伙人；B选项说庆祝她五十一岁生日；D选项说母亲决定再也不做生意。都不符合题意，故选C。] 2．What can we infer from the passage? A．The writer began her business with a set goal.B．The writer's mother was a woman without creativity.C．The writer's mother died because of her failure in business.D．The writer believes having goals in mind ensured one's success.D [逻辑推断题。由文章最后一段“ Set them so that you can make progress and achieve success，whatever they may mean to you.”可知，作者认为只有建立目标才能取得成功，但并未说他会开始自己的生意，A选项错误；由第二段中“My mom went into her business because she had creative ideas.”可知，妈妈是具有创造性的，B选项错误；由第四段可知，妈妈生意失败后还希望开始下一次生意，妈妈并不是死于生意失败，C选项错误；由最后一段“Set them so that you can make progress and achieve success，whatever they may mean to you.”可知，只有心中有目标才能成功，D选项正确，故选D。] 3．How does the writer present his point of view mainly? A．By providing examples.B．By explaining causes.C．By making comparisons.D．By listing figures.A [主旨大意题。本文主要是通过举了母亲做生意只有创造性和热情，没有目标而生意失败的例子，证明了只有心中有目标才能取得成功的观点，可见本文主要是通过举例子的方法来证明观点的，A正确。B.By explaining causes 通过说明原因；C.By making comparisons 通过作比较； D．By listing figures 通过列数字；都不符合题意。故选A。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五
(2017·福州八县高二联考)Everyone makes mistakes.1 ．Making a mistake at work，however，can be more serious.It may cause problems for your employer and even affect the company's bottom line.Evil consequences will finally come down to you.Simply correcting your mistake and moving on may not be an option.When you make a mistake at work，your career may depend on what you do next.Admit your mistake.Tell your boss about your mistake immediately.The only exception is that you make an insignificant error that will not affect anyone.Otherwise，don't try to hide your mistake.2 ．
Present your boss with a plan to fix your mistake.When you go to your boss to admit your mistake，you must have a plan for correcting it.Present your plan clearly.Tell your boss how long it will take to carry out your plan and if there are any costs involved.Don't blame anyone else for your mistake.3 ．Encourage those who may share responsibility to follow your lead in admitting to your boss.4 ．
There's a big difference between admitting your mistake and beating yourself up about it.Take responsibility but don't blame yourself for making it，especially in public.Correct your mistake on your own time.If you have to spend extra hours at work to correct your mistake，don't expect to be paid for that time.5 ．
A．You can use your lunch hour or come into work early B．You will look terrible if someone else discovers it C．Apologize for your mistake but don't beat yourself up D．Pointing fingers won't help you if you make a mistake E．Strengthen your friendship with your boss F．You'll feel ashamed if your colleague takes the responsibility for you G．Usually you can correct your error or just forget about it and move on 【语篇解读】 每个人都会犯错，工作中犯的错可能要严重一些。当你在工作中犯了错，你的职业生涯将取决于你下一步该怎么做，本文就此为职场人士给出了一些好的建议。1．G [每个人都会犯错。„„然而在工作中犯错，那可能会更严重些了。本段第三句however一词表转折，因此前两句是顺承关系，故选G.Usually you can correct your error or just forget about it and move on(犯错之后，)通常你要么改正要么忘掉。] 2．B [前一句说到，不要试图掩藏你的错误，本句给出原因——You will look terrible if someone else discovers it要是别人发现了它，那你就尴尬了。两句之间属于因果逻辑关系。] 3．D [本段小标题——不要嫁祸于人。围绕这一中心话题，本段第一句应该为Pointing fingers won't help you if you make a mistake，属于段落主题句。此处point fingers指的是对别人的指责和推诿，如果是你的错，那都于事无补。] 4．C [此处为小标题。根据本段的主题句——Take responsibility but don't blame yourself for making it，especially in public不难推出，要为你的错误道歉，但是别被你的错误打垮。选C。] 5．A [本段小标题Correct your mistake on your own time指出，用你自己的午饭时间 或者上班之前早到的那段时间来弥补你的错误，别指望还会因为那些时间而得到报酬。] Ⅲ.语法填空
The story happened in Japan 1.a house was redecorated and the wall inside a room was removed.The inside of the wall was hollow.When the owner of the house removed the wall，he saw a gecko(壁虎)inside the wall.Its tail was pinned by a nail 2.(come)through the wall from outside.The owner was very curious why the gecko was still alive.Then the nail caught his eye.Goodness!It is the nail that was driven here ten years ago when the house was built!How amazing it is 3.the gecko to have lived in the wall in complete 4.(dark)for ten years!But on second thought，the curious house owner wondered how this gecko could live through ten years with its tail nailed down and being unable to go anywhere.So he tried to find out how this small creature could be fed.After a little while，there appeared another gecko with food in 5.mouth!What a shocking scene!For ten years，this little gecko had never failed to feed the 6.(trap)one.The story touched me so 7.(deep)that it is useless to find out 8.relationships they had between them.Parent 9.child? Friends? Lovers? Brothers or sisters? 10.last thing we should do is to abandon your beloved in hardship.1．where [此处考查限制性定语从句，the story是先行词，在定语从句中相当于一个地点“在这个故事里”。故填where。] 2．coming [此处考查现在分词作后置定语，“一个从外面穿墙过来的钉子”。故填coming。] 3．for [此处考查动词不定式的复合结构，for sb.to do sth.。故填for。] 4．darkness [complete“完全的，全部的”，是形容词。句意：在完全的黑暗中。此处用名词形式，故填darkness。] 5．its [句意：用它的嘴。故填its。] 6．trapped [此处考查过去分词作定语。trapped表示“受困的”。] 7．deeply [句意：他深深地被打动。副词修饰动词，故填deeply。] 8．what [此处考查宾语从句，句意：弄清楚他们之间有什么关系是没用的。故填what。] 9．and [ 此处表示“父母和孩子”。故填and。] 10．The [句意：我们应该做的最后一件事情。此处表示特指，又位于句子开头，故填The。] 5
第四篇：高一化学必修1 课时作业
高一化学必修1 课时作业
一、选择题（只有1个正确答案；共6小题，每小题3分，共18分。）
1．下列关于电能的特点叙述中错误的是
（）A．电能较其它能源使用方便
B．电能在现代社会中的使用最为广泛 C．电能使用导致的污染小
D．电能是化学能与各种能量转化中利用率最高的2．下面的能源中属于二次能源的是
（）A．电能、蒸汽 B．电能、风能 C．蒸汽、风能 D．煤、石油
3．三峡工程水电站装机总容量是1820万千瓦，这将给中国电网带来历史性变革，有利于全国电力联网和西电东输工程。目前在我国发电总量中的比例最大的是
（）
A．水电（水力发电）
B．火电（火力发电）
C．核电（核能发电）
D．风电（风力发电）
4．火力发电是通过化石燃料燃烧，使化石燃料中化学能转化为电能，其能量转化方式正确 的是
（）A．化学能 → 电能
B．化学能 → 机械能 →电能
C．化学能 → 热能 →电能
D．化学能 → 热能
→ 机械能 →电能
5．现在电池的种类非常多，且由电池造成的污染越来越严重，下列电池不会造成环境污染的是
（）
A．锂电池
B．锌锰电池
C．氢氧燃料电池
D．镍镉电池
6．化学电池可以直接将化学能转化为电能，化学电池的本质是
（）A．化合价的升降
B． 电子的转移 C．氧化还原反应 D．电能的储存
二、选择题（有1—2个答案，只有一个正确选项的，多选不给分；有两个正确选项的，选对一个给2分，选错一个该小题不给分。共10小题，每小题4分，计40分。）
7．下列电池中不属于二次电池的是
（）A．碱性锌锰电池 B．铅蓄电池
C．镍镉电池 D．锂离子电池
8．有关原电池的工作原理中的下列说法中不正确的是
（）A．电池负极发生氧化反应
B．电池正极发生还原反应
C．电子流向是从负极流向正极（外电路）
D．电流方向是从负极流向正极（外电路）
9．原电池是将化学能转化为电能的装置，但其构成具有一定的条件，这些条件是（）。①电极（负极与正极：金属活动性不同）、②电解质溶液、③闭合回路、④灯泡 A．①②③④
B．①②③
C．①②④
D．②③④
10．锌电池可望代替铅蓄电池，它的构成材料是锌、空气、某种电解质溶液，发生的总反应是2 Zn＋O2＝2ZnO。下列有关它的说法正确的是
（） A．锌为电池负极，发生氧化反应
B．电解质溶液是酸性溶液
C．电池工作时，氧气与锌直接化合，生成氧化锌
D．负极发生的反应是：Zn－2ｅ＋H2O＝ZnO＋2H＋
11．日常所用干电池其电极分别为碳棒和锌皮，以糊状NH4Cl和ZnCl2作电解质（其中加入MnO2氧化吸收H2），电极反应可简化为：Zn－2ｅ＝Zn2＋；2NH4＋＋2e＝2 NH3＋H2（NH3再用于结合Zn2＋。）根据上述叙述判断下列说法中正确的是
（）A．干电池中Zn为正极，碳为负极
B．干电池工作时，电子由Zn极经外电路流向碳极
C．干电池长时间连续使用时内装糊状物可能流出腐蚀电器
D．干电池可以实现化学能向电能的转化和电能向化学能的转化
12．某同学做完铜、锌原电池的实验后得出了下列结论，你认为正确的是
（）A．构成原电池正极和负极的材料必须是两种金属 B．由铜、锌电极与硫酸铜溶液组成的原电池铜是负极
C．电子沿导线由锌流向铜，通过硫酸溶液被氢离子得到而放出氢气 D．铜锌原电池工作时，锌被硫酸溶解，所以才产生电子
13．燃料电池是一种新型电池，下列有关燃料电池的说法中正确的是
（）①优点之一是能量转换率高
②优点之二是无污染
③缺点之一是需要持续的补充燃料
④缺点之二技术问题有待改进，尚未广泛使用
A．①②③④ B．只有①② C．只有②③
D．只有②
14．下列反应中，在原理上可以设计成原电池的是
（）
A．Ba(OH)2•8H2O与NH4Cl的反应
B．铝片与盐酸的反应 C．甲烷与氧气的反应
D．石灰 石的分解反应
15．某学生用下图制作了原电池，其中正确的是
（）
16．现在各类碱性电池已经占有了越来越多的市场份额，这类电池广泛地应用于各种小型用
电器（如照相机、收音机等）中。有一种新型的锌锰电池就是这种碱性电池，它是在传统锌锰电池的基础上改进的。下列对于碱性锌锰电池的叙 述中正确的是
（）A．由于碱性物质的存在，这种电池的缺点是容易漏液失效 B．这种电池较传统锌锰电池使用寿命长
C．这种电池的电解质由传统的KOH改进为NH4Cl D．这种电池的电解质由传统的NH4Cl 改进为KOH 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题
共42分）
三、填空题（计 42分）
17．（9分）原电池是一种把
转化
的装置。在原电池中，较活泼的金属发生
反应，是
极，活泼性较差的金属发生
反应，是
极。
18．（18分）利用生活中或实验室中常用的物品，根据氧化还原反应知识和电学知识，自己动手设计一个原电池。请填写下列空白：
（1）实验原理：Fe＋2H＋＝Fe2＋＋H2↑。
（2）实验用品：电极（、）、稀硫酸、（填写所缺的实验用品）、耳机（或者电流计）（3）实验装置
（4）原电池设计及注意的问题
①按如图所示连接好实验仪器，注意观察（耳朵听）耳机是否有声音发出，如果没有，可将原电池的两个电极中的一极接触耳机插头上的一极（注意：接触的同时耳机的另一个极是连接在原电池的另一个电极上的），这时可以听见耳机发出“嚓嚓嚓„„„„”声音。其原因是：在原电池中，由化学能转化为，在耳机中又由
转化为声音这种能量。
②如果将装置中的耳机改为电流计，则铁钉应该接电流计的极，电极反应是：
，发生了
反应；铜钉应该接电流计的 极，电极反应是：，发生了
反应。19．（8分）题目：化学电池在通讯、交通及日常生活中有着广泛的应用。前常用的镍（Ni）镉（Cd）电池，其电池总反应可以表示为： Cd＋2NiO(OH)＋2H2O 2Ni(OH)2＋Cd(OH)2（1）已知Ni(OH)2 和Cd(OH)2均难溶于水但能溶于酸，放电就是使用电池的过程，充电 是给电池补充电量的过程。以下说法中正
确的是
① 以上反应不属于置换反应
② 以上反应是复分解反应
③ 充电时化学能转变为电能
④ 放电时化学能转变为电能 A．①③
B．②④
C．①④
D．②③
（2）废弃的镍镉电池已成为重要的环境污染物，有资料表明一节废镍锡电池可以使一平方米面积的耕地失去使用价值。在酸性土壤中这种污染尤为严重。这是因为
（3）另一种常用的电池是锂电池（它是一种碱金属元素，其相对原子质量为7，由于它的比容量（单位质量电板材料所能转换的电量）特别大而广泛应用于心脏起搏 器，一般使用的时间可长达十年。它的负极用金属锂制成；电池总反应可表示为：Li＋MnO2→LiMnO2试回答：锂电池比容量特别大的原因是
锂电池中的电解质溶液需用非水溶剂配制，为什么这种电池不能使用电解质的水溶液？请用化学方程式表示其原因
（4）下图是废弃镍钢电池中的重金属渗入水体后，进入人体的一条途径：
生物体D中重金属浓度
（大于、等于、小于）生物体A中重金属浓度，这是通过食物链
作用所引起的。除上述途径外，被污染水体中的重金属还可以直接通过
（途径）_________进入人体。
（5）下图是两个电池外壳上的说明文字某型号进口电池
某型号进口电池 某型号国产电池 RECHARGEABLE 1.2V 500mAh STANDARD
CHARGE 15h at 50mA GNY 0.6（KR－AA）1.2V 600mAh RECHARGE ABLESTANDARD CHARGE 15h at 60mA 上述进口电池的电动势是
伏。上述国产电池最多可放出
毫安时的电量；若该电池平均工作电流为0.03安，则最多可使用
小时。20．（7分）在由铜锌组成的原电池（电解质是稀硫酸）中，有位同学在铜电极收集到了56mL标准状况下的气体，试问：①铜电极产生56mL气体的过程中有多少摩尔的锌溶解？②铜电极产生56mL气体的过程中有多少摩尔的电子发生了转移？
第五篇：2016-2017学年高中英语北师大版必修1文档
课时跟踪练(三)Ⅰ.阅读理解
A Thanksgiving Day is a special holiday in the United States and Canada.Families and friends gather to eat and give thanks for their blessings.Thanksgiving Day is really a harvest festival.This is why it is celebrated in late fall, after the crops are in.But one of the first thanksgivings in America had nothing to do with a good harvest.On December 4,1619, the Pilgrims from England landed near what is now Charles City, Virginia.They knelt down and thanked God for their safe journey across the Atlantic.The first New England Thanksgiving did celebrate a rich harvest.The Pilgrims landed at what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1620.They had a difficult time and the first winter was cruel.Many of the Pilgrims died.But the next year, they had a good harvest.So Governor Bradford declared a threeday feast(盛宴).The Pilgrims invited Indian friends to join them for their special feast, Everyone brought food.In time, other colonies(殖民地)began to celebrate a day of thanksgiving.But it took years before there was a national Thanksgiving Day.During the Civil War, Sarah Josepha Hale persuaded Abraham Lincoln to do something about it.He proclaimed(宣布)the last Thursday of November 1863 as a day of thanksgiving.Today, Americans celebrate this happy harvest festival on the fourth Thursday in November.Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving Day in much the same way as their American neighbours.But the Canadian Thanksgiving Day falls on the second Monday in October.语篇解读：本文介绍了感恩节的来历以及各地庆祝的方式。
5．When do people in the US and Canada celebrate Thanksgiving Day? A．In spring.C．In winter.B．In summer.D．In autumn.解析：选D 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Thanksgiving Day is really...the crops are in.”可知，感恩节其实就是一个庆祝丰收的节日，这也是在秋末庆祝的原因。在美国，人们习惯用fall表示秋天。
6．The first to celebrate thanksgiving were ________.A．the American Indians
B．some people from England C．Sarah Josepha Hale D．Governor Bradford 解析：选B 细节理解题。第二段最后两句话说了来自英国的清教徒移民为了感谢上帝使他们平安横渡大西洋来到美洲而举办感恩节。
7．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．Thanksgiving Day used to be a holiday to celebrate a good harvest.B．Abraham Lincoln was not the first to decide on thanksgiving celebrations.C．Thanksgiving Day is celebrated to express the American and Indian people’s thanks to God.D．There’s little difference between the American way and the Canadian way to celebrate Thanksgiving Day.解析：选C 细节理解题。A、B、D三项在文中都有信息。C项的叙述与文章不符。8．The passage mainly tells us ________.A．when Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in the US B．how Thanksgiving Day came into being and how people celebrate Thanksgiving Day in different ways C．that people in the US and Canada gain their crops on Thanksgiving Day D．how the way to celebrate Thanksgiving Day changed with the time and places 解析：选B 主旨大意题。综观全文可知，文章主要讲述了感恩节的来历以及人们庆祝此节日的不同方式。
B Several different stories are told about the origin of Saint Valentine’s Day.One legend dates as far back as the days of the Roman Empire.According to the story, Claudius, the Emperor of Rome, wanted to increase the size of his army.He knew that it would be easier to get young men who were not married to join.Therefore he made a rule that no young man could marry until he had served a certain number of years in the army.A priest(牧师)named Valentine broke the rule and secretly married a great many young people.Finally, Claudius found out about Valentine and put the priest in prison, where he remained until his death on February 14.After his death, Valentine was made a saint(圣人), and the day of his death was named Saint Valentine’s Day.It became the custom for lovers to send each other message on this day.Now Saint Valentine’s Day is a time for people to send one another
greetings of many kinds.February 14, Valentine’s Day, is sweethearts’ day, on which people in love with each other express their tender(温柔的)emotions.People sometimes put their love message in a heartshaped box of chocolates, or a bunch of flowers tied with red ribbons(带子).Words of letters may be written on the flower covered card, or something else.Whatever the form may be, the message is almost the same: “Will you be my Valentine？”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一个关于圣瓦伦丁节传奇故事以及如今人们庆祝圣瓦伦丁节的方式。
1．Valentine was put in prison because ________.A．he secretly got married B．he didn’t serve in the army C．he married many young people secretly D．he broke the laws 解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A priest(牧师)named Valentine broke the rule...”可得出答案。
2．According to the rule, ________.A．no young men could get married unless they were old enough B．young men could marry if they had served in the army for several years C．no one could get married without the emperor’s permission D．young men could marry only in the army 解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“Therefore he made a rule...in the army.”可知答案。
3．This passage mainly tells us about ________.A．how Valentine died B．the Emperor of Rome C．how Valentine’s Day is celebrated D．the origin of Valentine’s Day 解析：选D 主旨大意题。通读全文特别是文章第一句话“Several different stories are told about the origin of Saint Valentine’s Day.”可得出答案。
4．February 14 is chosen as Valentine’s Day because ________.A．lovers express their tender emotions on this day B．people want to remember Valentine C．people send one another greetings of many kinds on this day
又称“情人节来历的
D．people want to fix a date for lovers to express their emotions 解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段可得出答案。A、C两项都是在Valentine’s Day时人们通常做的事情，而不是原因。D项是干扰项。
C It is common and usual to see people freak_out when they face challenges in their life.We all pass in different life problems and challenges.No one is free of life problems.Only a dead man faces no problem.As long as you are alive, challenges are everywhere.How do you face problems and challenges in your life? Problems and challenges are the building blocks of your personality.They make you who you are.Besides, whether what happened in your life builds or destructs you depends on how you look at it.If you take your problems as troubles, they will be troubles and may cause destruction.If you take them as constructive tools, you are going to be built up on them.Problems are everywhere.No one can avoid them.And they are good too.They open up a different look and opportunity if you are willing to see.When you face troubles, do not frustrate or freak out.Just cool yourself to think in a different direction.Think in a positive way.Every problem has its own good as well as bad sides.Focus on the good one.Look at the bright side.Besides, there is always a good person, perhaps your mom or dad, or one of your friends, right beside you who can turn everything into your best if you are willing to turn to them.No matter what happens, they will be there to help you.Trust them and they will never let you down.All you need to know is that you are loved wherever you are.语篇解读：本文是议论文。人生难免会遇到困难，没有人可以避免困难，但是困难能开阔视野，也能提供机会。
9．What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase “freak out” in Paragraph 1? A．Feel shy.C．Feel happy.B．Feel upset.D．Stay calm.解析：选B 词义猜测题。由本句“when they face challenges in their life”可猜测freak out意为“心烦意乱的，不安的”。
10．In Paragraph 2, the writer implies that ________.A．problems cause troubles B．challenges can be avoided C．attitude is everything D．personalities are built on failures 解析：选C 推理判断题。由文章第二段“If you take your problems as troubles...If you take them as constructive tools”可知态度决定一切，故C为正确选项。
11．According to the last paragraph, when we’re in trouble, we ________.A．can only depend on our parents B．are not confident C．should only believe ourselves D．are not alone 解析：选D 细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Besides, there is always a good person...right beside you”可知当处于困境时，我们并不孤独，故D为正确选项。
12．What’s the writer’s purpose to write the passage? A．To explain.C．To prove.B．To compare.D．To encourage.解析：选D 推理判断题。本文论述了人生难免会遇到困难，但是困难也能开阔视野，也能提供机会。最后作者告诉人们无论在什么情况下，都有人在你身边。故本文是鼓励的语气。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Raising a vegetable garden offers many health benefits.Here are some obvious reasons why a home vegetable garden beats even the farmers’ market when it comes to your health and wellbeing.__1__ Gardening is very physical.As anyone knows, the work in a garden is a lot like the newest trend in strength training offered by the toughest gym.What makes gardening better than a gym workout is that it happens outdoors with fresh air and sunshine.__2__ Your garden provides a raw diet like no other.__3__ That may explain why homegrown vegetables are so full of natural sweetness.The experience of eating them raw right after picking them from the garden may surprise you.Most homegrown crops taste better than storebought.Your garden make your life colourful.The average consumer remains at the mercy of the local market, but once the home gardener discovers the diversity of colors and flavors that can be homegrown, an entire new palette(调色板)opens up.Tomatoes range in color from deep purple and nearly black to golden yellow and pale white.There are golden yellow sugar peas, deep purple string beans, and carrots available in every color.__4__ The only way to have them all is to grow them yourself.Your garden allows you to give back.We know that it feels good to give, but nothing feels as great as when you share food.__5__ You can bring some to the office — a basket of cherry tomatoes can disappear faster than a box of donuts fried in deep fat.A．Your vegetables should be eaten raw.B．Your garden is better than any gym membership.C．Food gifts are becoming popular, especially for children.D．Nutritionists agree colorful vegetables are rich in nutrition.E．Whatever you do in a garden, it delivers the full gym experience.F．The sugar and vitamin in vegetables begin to decline after they are picked.G．And imagine how it feels for others to receive fresh and healthy homegrown vegetables.答案：1～5 BEFDG
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