2018年考研英语阅读材料之收入与幸福感（精选五篇）

第一篇：2018年考研英语阅读材料之收入与幸福感

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2018年考研英语阅读材料之收入与幸福

感

Happiness and Income

收入与幸福感

Everything that rises must converge

幸福的家庭总是相似的

Emerging markets are catching up with the West inthe happiness stakes

新兴国家的幸福指数将要赶上西方

POETS, songwriters and left-wing politicians hate theidea, but for decades opinion-poll evidence has been clear: money buys happiness and thericher you are, the more likely you are to express satisfaction with your life.Until now.Asurvey of 43 countries published on October 30th by the Pew Research Centre of Washington,DC, shows that people in emerging markets are within a whisker of expressing the same levelof satisfaction as people in rich countries.It is the biggest qualification to the standard viewof happiness and income seen so far.诗人，作词家，左翼政治家总是反驳这样一个观点：钱可以买到幸福，一个人越有钱，他对生活的满意感就可能越高。但是十年来民意调查却清楚证明了这一点。不过，位于华盛顿特区的皮尤研究中心调查了43个国家后，发现发展中国家的人对生活满意度与富有国家的人们生活满意度相差无几。这是迄今为止出现的最能证明人越有钱越幸福这个观点的证据。

The Pew poll asks respondents to measure, on a scale from zero to ten, how good their livesare.(Those who say between seven and ten are counted as happy.)In 2007, 57% ofrespondents in rich countries put themselves in the top four tiers;in emerging markets theshare was 33%;in poor countries only 16%—a classic expression of the standard view.皮尤让被调查者用0到10之间数字表示对生活的满意度。(如果给出数字在7和10之间，认为该调查人幸福。)2007年的调查显示富有国家57%的调查者认为自己是幸福的人;发展中国家有33%认为自己幸福;在贫困国家幸福的人只有16%—这是证明金钱和幸福感相关的典型例子。

But in 2014, 54% of rich-country respondents counted themselves as happy, whereas inemerging markets the percentage jumped to 51%.This was happening just at a time whenemerging markets' chances of converging economically with the West seemed to be receding.2014年中富有国家幸福的人有54%，然而发展中国家的百分比跃到了51%。此时发展中国家抓住机会发展经济正在赶上经济似乎萎靡的西方国家，两个时间点不谋而合。

Rich countries did not experience steep declines in happiness.The decreases in America andBritain were tiny(a single percentage point), while the share of happy Germans rose 13 points.A large drop in formerly joyful Spain ensured a modest overall decline for the rich.But theconvergence happened thanks to huge improvements in countries such as Indonesia(+35)

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andPakistan(+22).In 12 of the 24 emerging markets, half or more people rate their lifesatisfaction in the top tiers of the ladder.富有国家在幸福感上并没有大幅下降。美国和英国只是下降了一个百分点，德国人民的幸福感却上升了13个百分点。但是之前幸福的西班牙人此次调查指数大幅下降导致发达国家幸福指数总体稍微有所下降。幸福感大幅提高的几个国家是此次汇合发生的原因，比如印度尼西亚(+35)，巴基斯坦(+22)。24个发展中国家里12个国家，半数、或半数以上的人感觉对自己生活很满意。

This is not to say the link between income and satisfaction has been snapped.Poor countriesstill lag behind: only a quarter of the people there are in the happy tiers—half the level of theother two groups.There is also a clear link between happiness and income growth(as opposedto income levels).China's GDP rose at an annual average rate of 10% in 2007-14 and itshappiness level rose 26 points.这并不是证明金钱和生活满意度之间的关联断了。贫困国家指数依旧垫底：只有四分之一的人认为自己幸福—是发展中国家和发达国家的一半。该数据清晰显示了工资增长率和幸福感之间的联系(而不是收入水平)。中国国内生产总值从2007到2014年每年以平均10%的速度增长，其人民幸福度提高了26个百分点。

Within countries, richer people express more satisfaction than their poorer neighbours.Thestudy divided respondents into categories with higher and lower incomes and fewer and morehousehold goods.In every country in every group, richer folk with more goods expressedhigher levels of happiness.So at a personal(as opposed to national)level, money does buyhappiness.And if you ask people about different aspects of their lives—health, family life,religion, standard of living—it turns out that satisfaction with living standards still has thebiggest influence on happiness.在同一个国家里，富人比穷人更幸福。这项调查把调查者分成了高收入群体和低收入群体，家里日用品多的和少的群体。在每个国家里的每个群体，有很多如用品较为富有的居民反映出的幸福度更高。如果问到生活中一些其它方面如健康，家庭生活，信仰，生活水平对幸福感的影响，结果显示生活水平是影响幸福感最大方面。

But the secret of happiness has been scattered around.Women tend to be happier than men.Married people are happier than unmarried ones.Latin Americans are more satisfied than peoplein other emerging markets.Asians are the most optimistic;Middle Easterners the least.Income still matters.But it has been dethroned.但是幸福的秘密还存在很多地方。女人为什么会比男人幸福?已婚者为什么比未婚者幸福?拉丁美洲人为什么比别的发展中国家幸福?亚洲人为什么如此乐观?中东人为什么不幸福?收入是一方面，但已经不是唯一方面。

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第二篇：考研英语之自我介绍

考研英语复试之英语自我介绍

pesonel statement(introduction)

good morning,my dear teachers,my dear professors.i am very glad to be here for your interview.my name is song yonghao,i am 22 years old.i come from luoyang,a very beautiful aicent city.my undergratuade period will be accomplished in chang'an university in july ,2004;and now,i am trying my best for obtaining a key to tongji university.generally speaking ,i am a hard working student especially do the thing i am interested in.i will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is.when i was sophomore, i found web design very interesting, so i learned it very hard.to weaver a homepage for myself, i stayed with my pesonel computer for half a month.,and i am the first one in my class who own his homepage.forthermore,i am a person with great perserverence.during the days preparing for the first examination,i insist on running every day, no matter what the weather was like.and just owning to this,i could concentrate on my study and succeeded in the end.well ,in my spare time ,i like basketball, tennis and chinese chess.also english is my favorate.i often go to english corner to practise my oral english on every thursday,and write compositions to improve my witten ability.but i know my english is not good enough ,i will continue studying.ok, that is all,thank you for your attention.my hometown------luoyang

i am from luoyang,a beautiful city in henan province.it is famous as the “capital of nine dynasties ” and enjoy yhe honer that luoyang peony is the best in the world.luoyang played a very important role in chinese history.so it has a profound cultural background and many great heritagesites have been well reverved.such as longmen grotto, one of the three grottoes in china ang white horse temple, being regarded as the cradle of chnese buddhism.luoyang peony is world-famous.every year, many tourists travel to luoyang to see the beauty of peony.the people in my hometown are friendly, they welcome the travellers from all over the world.i like my hometown very much.考研面试英语口语自我介绍

good morning, my name is jack, it is really a great honor to have this opportunity for a interview, i would like to answer whatever you may raise, and i hope i can make a good performance today, eventually enroll in this prestigious university in september.now i will introduce myself briefly,i am 21 years old,born in heilongjiang province ,northeast of china,and i am curruently a senior student at beijing XX uni.my major is packaging engineering.and i will receive my bachelor degree after my graduation in june.in the past 4 years,i spend most of my time on study,i have passed CET4/6 with a ease.and i have acquired basic knowledge of packaging and publishing both in theory and in practice.besides, i have attend

several packaging exhibition hold in Beijing, this is our advantage study here, i have taken a tour to some big factory and company.through these i have a deeply understanding of domestic packaging industry.compared to developed countries such

as us, unfortunately, although we have made extraordinary progress since 1978,our packaging industry are still underdeveloped, mess, unstable, the situation of employees in this field are awkard.but i have full confidence in a bright future

if only our economy can keep the growth pace still.i guess you maybe interested in the reason itch to law, and what is my plan during graduate study life, i would like to tell you that pursue law is one of my lifelong goal,i like my major packaging and i won't give up,if i can pursue my master degree here i will combine law with my former education.i will work hard in thesefields ,patent ,trademark, copyright, on the base of my years study in department of p&p, my character? i cannot describe it well, but i know i am optimistic and confident.sometimes i prefer to stay alone, reading, listening to music, but i am not lonely, i like to chat with my classmates, almost talk everything ,my favorite

pastime is valleyball,playing cards or surf online.through college life,i learn how to balance between study and entertainment.by the way, i was a actor of our amazing drama club.i had a few glorious memory on stage.that is my pride

英文自我介绍三

General Introduction*

I am a third year master major in automation at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P.R.China.With tremendous interest in Industrial Engineering, I am writing to apply for acceptance into your Ph.D.graduate program.Education backgroundIn 1995, I entered the Nanjing University of Science & Technology(NUST)--widely considered one of the China’s best engineering schools.During the following undergraduate study, my academic records kept distinguished among the whole department.I was granted First Class Prize every semester, and my overall GPA(89.5/100)ranked No.1 among 113 students.In 1999, I got the privilege to enter the graduate program waived of the admission test.I selected the Shanghai Jiao Tong University to continue my study for its best reputation on

Combinatorial Optimization and Network Scheduling where my research interest lies.At the period of my graduate study, my overall GPA(3.77/4.0)ranked top 5% in the department.In the second semester, I became teacher assistant that is given to talented and matured students only.This year, I won the Acer Scholarship as the one and only candidate in my department, which is the ultimate accolade for distinguished students endowed by my university.Presently, I am preparing my graduation thesis and trying for the honor of Excellent Graduation Thesis.Research experience and academic activity

When a sophomore, I joined the Association of AI Enthusiast and began to narrow down my interest for my future research.In 1997, I participated in simulation tool development for the scheduling system in Prof.Wang’s lab.With the tool of OpenGL and Matlab, I designed a simulation program for transportation scheduling system.It is now widely used by different research groups in NUST.In 1998, I assumed and fulfilled a sewage analysis & dispose project for Nanjing sewage treatment plant.This was my first practice to convert a laboratory idea to a commercial product.In 1999, I joined the distinguished Professor Yu-Geng Xi's research group aiming at Network flow problem solving and Heuristic algorithm research.Soon I was engaged in the FuDan Gene Database Design.My duty was to pick up the useful information among different kinds of gene matching format.Through the comparison and analysis for many heuristic algorithms, I introduced an improved evolutionary algorithm--Multi-population Genetic Algorithm.By dividing a whole population into several sub-populations, this improved algorithm can effectively prevent GA from local convergence and promote various evolutionary orientations.It proved more efficiently than SGA in experiments, too.In the second semester, I joined the workshop-scheduling research in Shanghai Heavy Duty Tyre plant.The scheduling was designed for the rubber-making process that covered not only discrete but also continuous circumstances.To make a balance point between optimization quality and time cost, I proposed a Dynamic Layered Scheduling method based on hybrid Petri Nets.The practical application showed that the average makespan was shortened by a large scale.I also publicized two papers in core journals with this idea.Recently, I am doing research in the Composite Predict of the Electrical Power system assisted with the technology of Data Mining for Bao Steel.I try to combine the Decision Tree with Receding Optimization to provide a new solution for the Composite Predictive Problem.This project is now under construction.Besides, In July 2000, I got the opportunity to give a lecture in English in Asia Control Conference(ASCC)which is one of the top-level conferences among the world in the area of control and automation.In my senior year, I met Prof.Xiao-Song Lin, a visiting professor of mathematics from University of California-Riverside, I learned graph theory from him for my network research.These experiences all rapidly expanded my knowledge of English and the understanding of western culture.I hope to study in depth

In retrospect, I find myself standing on a solid basis in both theory and experience, which has prepared me for the Ph.D.program.My future research interests include: Network Scheduling Problem, Heuristic Algorithm research(especially in GA and Neural network), Supply chain network research, Hybrid system performance analysis with Petri nets and Data Mining.Please give my application materials a serious consideration.Thank you very much

第三篇：2018考研英语高频句型之比较句型

东莞中公教育

2018考研英语高频句型之比较句型

考研英语长难句中常见10种结构句型，考生若是能够熟练掌握，相信分析起来会轻松不少。中公考研准备了“2018考研英语高频句型之比较句型”，希望对大家有所帮助!

一、理论常识 比较结构

1.no/not...other than 2.the 比较级„„，the 比较级„„ 3.rather...than...4.more than / no more than 5.less than / no less than 6.more A than B / no more A than B 7.less A than B / no less A than B 8.nothing else than 10.as much as 11.not as...as...12.not so much...as...二、真题举例

They may teach very well , and more than earn their salaries , but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.(2006,50)【重点词汇解析】reflection，n.反射、沉思;involve，n.涉及、包含

【参考翻译】他们可能擅长教书，而且不仅仅专注于赚钱，但是这些人大部分对涉及人类道德判断的问题很少或没有进行独立的思考。

第四篇：考研英语复试之英语自我介绍

考研英语复试之英语自我介绍

good morning,my dear teachers,my dear professors.i am very glad to be here for your interview.my name is song yonghao,i am 22 years old.i come from luoyang,a very beautiful aicent city.my undergratuade period will be

accomplished in chang'an university in july ,2004;and now,i am trying my best for obtaining a key to tongji university.generally speaking ,i am a hard working student especially do the thing i am interested in.i will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is.when i was sophomore, i found web design very interesting, so i learned it very hard.to weaver a homepage for myself, i stayed with my pesonel computer for half a month.,and i am the first one in my class who own his homepage.forthermore,i am a person with great perserverence.during the days preparing for the first examination,i insist on running every day, no matter what the weather was

like.and just owning to this,i could concentrate on my study and succeeded in the end.well ,in my spare time ,i like basketball, tennis and chinese chess.also english is my favorate.i often go to english corner to practise my oral english on every thursday,and write compositions to improve my witten ability.but i know my english is not good enough ,i will continue studying.ok, that is all,thank you for your attention.my hometown------luoyang

i am from luoyang,a beautiful city in henan province.it is famous as the “capital of nine dynasties ” and enjoy yhe honer that luoyang peony is the best in the world.luoyang played a very important role in chinese history.so it has a profound cultural background and many great heritagesites have been well reverved.such as longmen grotto, one of the three grottoes in china ang white horse temple, being regarded as the cradle of chnese buddhism.luoyang peony is world-famous.every year, many tourists travel to luoyang to see the beauty of peony.the people in my hometown are friendly, they welcome the travellers from all over the world.i like my hometown very much.

第五篇：考研英语应用文格式之备忘录

来源：凯程考研集训营，资料获取、课程辅导咨询凯程老师

考研英语应用文格式之备忘录

在上篇文章中，我们已经向大家详细介绍了2010年英语(一)曾经考过的应用文——通知的写作格式。对此，从第一行的题目一直到最后一行的署名，诸位即将参加考研的同学们务必要牢牢记住其中的每个细节，因为“格式恰当”也是咱们考研应用文考查的一个重要评分标准。对于应用文的几个评分标准来说，它是最简单、最容易掌握的一个;但是对于同学们来说，鉴于它的琐碎性与细节性，它又是同学们最常因为马虎粗心而犯错的一个。古人讲：“一屋不扫，何以扫天下!”因此，作为一个未来的研究生，大家不要在这样的细节上出现失误。

此外，在今天的这篇文章中，我们继续给大家介绍下一种告示类应用文——备忘录，虽然在英语(一)和英语(二)中都还未曾考过，但是咱们的两个考研英语大纲却一直都明确规定应用文考查类型中包括备忘录。至于备忘录到底是什么，有什么样的写作思路，这些我们早在系列介绍考研英语应用文的写作思路的时候已经详细地讲过，大家可以去翻阅查看。本文中主要给大家介绍一下备忘录的写作格式。

Memo

To: All Employees

From: Berry Silver, President

Date: June 22nd, 2014

Subject: Entertainments or Gifts during Spring Festival

At around this time of year, many invitations are received from companies and clients to Spring Festival dinners.Gifts are also sometimes received.I am sure that such offers only result from a job being well done and it is certainly pleasing to know that the level of service provided by staff is appreciated.However, the acceptance of any offers, entertainment or gifts, can lead to either a real or perceived conflict of interest.To ensure that this does not arise, all such offers should be declined and gifts returned.I should appreciate your understanding and cooperation.首先，与通知一样，备忘录也须有题目，但是其中不同的是备忘录的题目非常简单，就是Memo，首字母M要大写，此外它居于答题空间的首行中间位置。

其次，从第二行开始接下来的四行位置则是备忘录比较个性特殊的格式了。

第一行是“To: ”，也就是此封备忘录的写作对象，而且鉴于备忘录是一种告示类文章，那么它的收件人往往是一群人，而不再是书信之中的一个人。

第二行是“From: ”，也就是此备忘录的写作者，在这里面，既可以只写人名，也可以在人名后面加上其职位等身份，但是两者之间要用逗号隔开。

第三行是“Date： ”，也就是写作日期。英文中日期的写法我们已在上篇文章的通知中详细介绍过，在此就不再多加赘述了。

第四行是“Subject： ”，也就是整封备忘录的内容概括，但是在这边大家需要注意的是小标题的内容一定要是短语形式，而不能是一个完整的句子。

再次，上面四行内容结束之后，我们还需在其下面空出两行方能书写正文内容。至于正文的写作格式，我们则采取缩进式，即段落之间不空行，但是每段开始前都要空格，而且是四个英文字符的空间。