2011年职称英语考试综合类B真题与答案[推荐五篇]

第一篇：2011年职称英语考试综合类B真题与答案

2011年职称英语考试综合类B级真题及答案

一、词汇选项

1、impact(influence)

2、find fault with(criticizes)

3、extrace(obtain)

4、framework(system)

5、converted(turned)

6、remarking(saying)

7、accelerated(increased)

8、shined(polished)http://www.xiexiebang.com/

9、explored(investigated)

10、grasp(understand)

11、spectacular(magnificent)

12、confessed(admitted)

13、steady(continuous)

14、tolerate(Stand)

15、motive(reason)

二、阅读判断 Travel Across Africa

16、Daniel and Sophia drove slowly through the busy desert.---Wrong

17、Sophia wrote about her experience in notebooks.---Right

18、Daniel took photos of the Nile River.---Not Mentionedhttp://www.xiexiebang.com/

19、Daniel and Sophia saw a lot of wonderful things.---Right 20、While driving Daniel and Sophia saw wild horses.---Wrong

21、The horses didn’t come near the car.---Wrong

22、Sophia woke Daniel up so that he could take photos of the horses.---Wrong

三、概括大意与完成句子

Are You a Successful Leader? Almost nothing we do in this world is done in isolation.At work or at play, you’ll find yourself in groups, working with other people: your team at work, a meeting with colleagues, your family, a holiday with friends, a group of students working together, a day out walking in the mountains, a group of neighbours wanting to make changes.It is now recognized that being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success, partly because we need to do it so often.http://www.xiexiebang.com/

In almost every situation where you’re in a group, you will need a skilled leader.All groups need leaders and all successful groups have good Leaders.Groups without leaders or with weak leader almost always break down.Members of a leaderless group often begin to feel dissatisfied and frustrated.Time is wasted and the tasks are not achieved.There are often arguments and tensions between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear.Some personalities dominate and others disappear.Often group members begin not to come to meetings in order to avoid more disharmony.http://www.xiexiebang.com/

Some people are natural leaders.The celebrity chief, Antonio Carluccio says, “Ture leaders are born and you can spot them in kitchens.” They’re people who combine toughness, fairness and humour.Although a lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders, most people now recognise that leadership can also be taught.Our professional and experienced staff can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader.Good leaders don’t make people do things in a bossy, controlling way.You can learn how to involve everyone, encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal.http://www.xiexiebang.com/

Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader.Self-confidence is vital and being able to overcome your own fears about Beijing a leader.Successful leaders also need to be calm and intelligent.They need to be able to work out good strategies and make sound judgments under pressure.Lastly, and probably most importantly, good leaders need to be sensitive, sociable and be able to get on with a wide range of people.Good leadership is essentially the ability to influence others and good leaders allow all members of the group to contribute.23、Paragraph 1---F

24、Paragraph 2---E

25、Paragraph 3---C

26、Paragraph 4---A A.A good leader needs a variety of qualities.B.These techniques are used to train leaders.C.Training can make good leaders.http://www.xiexiebang.com/ D.Most of good leaders are natural-born.E.It’s important to have a good leader.F.People are in groups.27、One of the major key to success is.---A

28、Groups often break down because of.---C

29、Good leaders always avoid.---D 30、Self-confidence is the key to.---F A.the ability to work with othershttp://www.xiexiebang.com/ B.encouraging group members C.lack of good leaders D.bossing people around E.working out good strategies F.overcoming fears about being a leader

四、阅读理解

第一篇 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking? Millions of people are using cell phones today.In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one.In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people.They find that the phones are more than a means of communication—having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.T he explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professionals worried.Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones.In England, these has been a serious debates about this issue.Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas.They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning（扫描）equipment.In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn’t remember even simple tasks.He would often forget the name of his own son.This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years.His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer’s doctor didn’t agree.What is it that make mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation.High-tech machines can detect very small amount of radiation from mobile phones.Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.http://www.xiexiebang.com/

As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often.Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time.Use your mobile phone only when you really need it.Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies.In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health.So for now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often.题干：People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that 答案：they're cheap.题干：The word “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by 答案：discovered.题干：The salesman retired young because 答案：he couldn’t remember simple tasks.题干：On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing company 答案：hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about.题干：The writer’s purpose of writing this article is to advise people 答案：to use mobile phones less often.第二篇 Excessive Demands on Young People（综合类教材上阅读理解上第三十八篇）题干：What is probably true about the multitasking Generation M? 答案：They waste more time than they should spend.题干：With the introduction of new gadgets, what happens to the Generation M’s present e-devices? 答案：They become part of their collection.题干：Multitasking makes the Generation M 答案：distant to their family.题干：The academic feel that many undergraduates badly need to 答案：improve their study skill 题干：What attitude should the older generation adopt towards the multitasking youth? 答案：Supportive.http://www.xiexiebang.com/ 第三篇 Three ways to Become More Creative 题干：According to the passage, when we become adults, 答案：we can still learn to be more creative.题干：According to the first technique, if you need to solve a problem, 答案：you could fine an image and try to link it with the problem.题干：The second technique suggests that you just imagine 答案：you have every resource to achieve your goal.题干：The phrase “put yourself in their shoes” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to 答案：think as they would.题干：We learn from the third technique that a good salesman should ask himself 答案：what are my customers’ needs?

五、补全短文

Flying into History When you turn on the television or read a magazine, celebrities（名人）are everywhere.Although fame and the media play such major roles in our lives today, it has not always been that way.(46)Many historians agree that Charles Lindbergh was one of the first major celebrities, or superstars.Lindbergh was born in Detroit, Michigan.In 1902, but he grew up in Little Falls, Minnesota.As a child, he was very interested in how things worked, so when he reached college, he pursued a degree in engineering.At the age of 20, however, the allure（诱惑）of flying captured Lindbergh’s imagination.(47)Soon after, Lindbergh bought his own plane and traveled across the nation performing aerial stunts（空中特技）.In 1924, Lindbergh became more serious about flying.He joined the United States military and graduated first in his pilot class.(48)http://www.xiexiebang.com/

During the same time, a wealthy hotel owner named Raymond Orteig was offering a generous award to the first pilot who could fly nonstop from New York City to Paris, France.The Orteig Prize was worth $25,000—a large amount even by today’s standards.Lindbergh knew he had the skills to complete the flight, but not just any plane was capable of flying that far for that long.(49)On May 20,1927, Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York City and arrived the next day at an airstrip（简易机场）outside Paris.Named in honor of the sponsor, The Spirit of St.Louis carried Lindbergh across the Atlantic Ocean and into the record books.He became a national hero and a huge celebrity.When he returned to the United States, Lindbergh rode in a ticker-tape（热烈的）parade held to celebrate his accomplishment.(50)A very popular dance was even named for Charles Lindbergh—the Lindy Hop.Today, The Spirit of St.Louis is kept at the Smithsonian Institute’s National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.A.He has received a Medal of Honor, the highest United States military decoration.B.Eighty years ago, radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on Americans.C.Working with an aviation company from San Diego, California, and with financial help from the city of St.Louis, Lindbergh got a customized（定制的）airplane that could make the journey.D.Lindbergh used his additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot, flying out of St.Louis, Missouri.E.He quit school and moved to Nebraska where he learned to be a pilot.F.His childhood was not full of fond memories.46、---B

47、---E

48、---D

49、---C 50、---A

六、完形填空

Sport or Spectacle?（综合类教材上完型填空第十二篇）51.diagnosis 52.of 53.to 54.take 55.watch 56.fighthttp://www.xiexiebang.com/ 57.Unfortunately 58.what 59.compare 60.name 61.realizes 62.if 63.struggle 64.criticism 65.arrival 来源于学易网

第二篇：2011年职称英语考试综合类B级真题答案解析

2011年全国职称英语考试真题答案综合类（B级）

第1部分：词汇选项 A confess 这个动词是“坦白、交代、承认”的意思，admit也是“承认”的意思，两个词后面都可以跟用 that 引导的宾语从句，在这个句子里可以换用。D extract 作动词用是“获得、获取”的意思，在四个选项中只有 obtain 具有这样的意义，又如: extract help, extract satisfaction, extract information 等。

B accelerate 这个动词原意是“加速”，如:The trains have been accelerated.火车提速了;The steps 10 implement the plan are being accelerated.执行该计划的步伐正在加速。在本句中 accelerate his sale of shares(加速出售他的股票)，无疑就是增加出售他的股票的意思，故选 increased。D motive 是“动机”的意思，the motive for(doing)something 即为“做某事的动机”，reason 是“理由”，the motive for the murder 和 the reason for the murder 是同一意思。C impact 和 influence 是同义词，意为“影响”，又如:the impact of modem technology on interpersonal relationships 现代技术对人际关系带来的影响。

D shine 这个动词通常用于表示“发亮、发光” 的意思，如: The sun is shining.但是如果和皮鞋一起用，那就是“擦皮鞋、把皮鞋擦亮”的意思了。本句的意思是:他的皮鞋擦得一尘不染。polish 具有“把......擦亮、磨光”的意思，clear 和 shoes 一起用的话便是 “把鞋子移开”的意思了，wash 则是用水洗，mend 是修补的意思。C explore 是“探索、探险、摸索” 的意思，investigate 除了常用的“调查”这层意思外，也具有“探索”这样的意义，本句的意思是:在会议上我们探索了扩充的可能性。

A steady 是“稳定的”意思，a steady decline 则是 “稳步下降”，在这个上下文中可以用 continuous 来代替它，即“不断下降”。sharp decline 则是“急剧下降”。

A remark 这个动词就是 “说”的意思，所以这里就用 saying 来代替它。B framework 就是我们现在常常说的“框架”，within the existing legal framework 指在现有的法律框架内。所谓法律框架实际上就是指法律体系，所以选 system。limit 是限制，procedure 是程序，status 是地位。D find fault with something/someone 是个固定的表达式，意为“找茬、吹毛求疵”，所以和 criticize(批评)基本同义。A spectacular 这个形容词常用来描述场面、景观等，意思是“壮观的、壮丽的、华丽的” 等，在四个选项中只有 magnificent 具有这样的意思。B grasp 这个动词是“抓住”的意思，可用于具体的事物，如:grasp the rope/ my hand 抓住绳索/抓住我的手，也可以用于抽象的概念，如: grasp the main idea/his meaning 抓

住要点/理解他的意思。在本句中 grasp the significance of what had happened 就相当于understand the significance of what had happened。C convert 的意思是“改变、转化”。turn 则是具有同样意义的一个更为常用的单词，两者后面都跟 into 来表示“变为……”。又如: Solar energy has been successfully converted/turned into mechanical energy.太阳能被成功地转化成机械能。The priest converted/turned him from a Buddhist into a Christian.那神父把他从 一个佛教徒变成了个基督徒。reduce 减少，reform 改造。D tolerate 是 “忍受”的意思，如: tolerate the heat 忍受酷热.tolerate the loneliness 忍受孤独，tolerate the humiliation 忍受屈辱。和它同义的词常用的有bear，endure 和 stand。

第2部分：阅读理解 B 从文章的第一句 For six hours we shot through the barren landscape of the Karoo desert in South Africa.便可以知道这句话是错的，shot 是动词 shoot 的过去时形式，shoot through 用以表示开车，那显然车是开得很快的；而且，他们开过的沙漠是一片荒漠(barren landscape)，并非是一个busy desert。A 第一段里就说她已经写了整整三个笔记本，并且开始写第四本了。C 文中讲到 Daniel 用相机记录他在非洲的所见所闻，但并没有提到他拍摄过尼罗河(the Nile River)。A 从文章的第二、第三段可以看到他们两人在非洲看到了许多。B 实际上 Sophia 在开车，Daniel 则在睡觉，所以并非两人都看到了野马。B 文中说到And as I drove，something caught my eye.something moving close enough to touch them，to smell their hot breath.很显然，野马一度离他们的车很近，只是后来才渐渐远离了。B Daniel 是在 Sophia 看到野马一小时后自己醒来的—— When Daniel woke up an hour later I told him what had happened.并不是让Sophia 唤醒的。

第3 部分：概括大意与完成子 E 第一段的第一句话就讲世上几乎没有什么事我们是单枪匹马去完成的。接着作者举了好几个人们在群体中生活和工作的例子。所以 People are in groups.正是本段的中心。F 本段的第一句 In almost every situation where you're in a group，you will need a skilled leader.就是它的主题句。本段要讲的就是任何一个群体都需要有一个领导者。A 本段虽然以 Some people are natural leaders.(有些人生来就是当头的。)开始，但作者并不真正认同这一观点，这从 Although a 1ot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders，most people now recognise that leadership can also be taught.这句话可以看到。所以 Training can make good 1eaders.概括了本段的大意。D 本段的第一句是它的主题句: Our training courses use activities and techniques to develop a range of qualities which are necessary to be a good leader.a range of qualities 就是a variety of qualities，即各种素质。C 答案可见第一段的最后一句:...being able to work successfully with other people is one of the major keys to success.E Groups often break down because of lack of good leaders.这句话是第二段中下面这句话的另一种说法: Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down.A 请见第二段里的这句话: Good leaders don't make people do things in a bossy，controlling way.B 请见第四段里这句话: Self-confidence is vital for you to overcome your own fears about being a leader.be vital for someone to do something 即对某人做某事是十分关键的，和 be the key to doing something 是同一个意思。

第4 部分：阅读理解

C 本题的答题依据是文章开头的这句话: Everyone has imagination，but most of us，once we become adults，forget how to access it.人人都有想象力，只是成年后，我们就忘了如何取得想象力(access it)。文章的目的就是教给成年人几种获得想象力的技巧，所以说成年人还是可以学会怎么样更加富有创意的。

B 从第二段的这两句话：First，think about the problem you have to solve or the job you need to do.Then find an image，word，idea or object，for example，a candle.可以找到答案。蜡烛只是一个例子。

A 第三段的第一句话: Imagine that normal limitations don’t exist.You have as much time/ space/money, etc.as you want.是本题的答题依据。

B put yourself in their shoes 是英语的一个成语，相当于汉语的“设身处地”.35 C 第三种技巧就是:Look at the situation from a different point of view.作者以谈判者和小说家为例，说明推销员如要应用这一技巧就应该把自己置于顾客的位置上，问一问他们的需要是什么。

A 文章的第一段把这一点讲得十分明确:...the so-called Generation M are spending a considerable amount of their time in fruitless efforts as they multitask.It argues that，in fact，these young people are frittering away as much as half of their time as they would if they performed the very same tasks one after the other.37 A 第二段的最后一句话: As some new device comes along, it is also added to the list rather than replacing one of the existing devices.回答了这个问题。只要有新的玩意儿出现，它就会被增加到现有的玩意儿上去，而不是替代原有的东西。注意四个选项里的they 指的是 e-devices 而不是属于Generation M 这一代的年轻人。

D 根据文章的内容应选 D。distant to their family 意为 ”和自己的家人疏远“。具体可见第三段。

D 答题的依据是第五段里的这句话: They feel that many undergraduates now urgently need remedia1 help with study skills.可见在大学教师看来许多本科生急需补上学习技能这一课。

A 这道题的答题依据是文章的最后一段，作者认为尽管上面所说的都没错，但是(注意 while 这个连接词的转折意义)我们要记住现今对年轻人的期望越来越高。不管老一辈怎么说他们(注意 despite这个介词表示的让步意义)，对他们(年轻人)还是应该给予表扬而不是批评(Praise rather than criticism is due)。To be due 应该得到。

D 第一段里讲到了人们拥有手机的几种理由，其中不包括手机便宜(cheap)这一条。

C detect 意为”觉察、发现“，故可用 discover 来代替。

A 第三段里把这名推销员年纪轻轻就要退休的原因讲得十分明白:...a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss.He couldn't remember even simple tasks.44 A 请见第四段里的这句话:Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.它们并不否认手机有辐射，只是辐射量很小无需担心。

B 作者建议大家少用手机，这一点在最后一段里可以清楚地看到。

第5 部分：补全短文

A 第一段是文章的引言，说的是当今有了电视和杂志这样的媒体，名人到处可见，但是情况并非一向如此，80 年前收音机和电影才刚开始对美国人产生这样的效应，也就是才能向美国的公众介绍宣传Lindberg，使他成为名人。

D 这个空的前一句说的是 Lindberg 在大学读工程学位，但是飞行吸引了他的想象;其后的一句则讲他自己买了飞机在各地表演空中特技，所以在中间自然应该填入他辍学并移居到 Nebraska 去学习飞行这句话。

F 前一句说到Lindberg 参军，在飞行员班里第一个毕业，这样正好接上 Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot，flying out of St.Louis，Missouri.这句话。

B 前面一句讲了Lindberg 觉得要完成这次飞行自己的技术没有问题，但并非任何一架飞机都能飞这么远。所以下面就接上他找到了 San Diego 的一家飞行器公司定做了一架飞机。

C 六个选项中只有这个选项是和他回到美国后得到的荣誉有关的。

第6 部分：完形填空

C the diagnosis of his illness Parkinson's disease 他的不适被诊断为帕金森氏病

B criticism of something/someone 对某事/某人的批评，这里 of 的宾语表示的是 criticism这个动作的对象;其他三个介词都不能用。

A opposition to 反对……

A take up 是个短语，意为”从事……”，take up the sport 从事该项运动，take up filmmaking 从影，take up charity 从事慈善事业。

C 尽管 A1i不主张开展女子拳击，但他出席女儿的职业赛似乎传递了一个父亲的支持，他自然是想看女儿比赛的，故 watch his daughter fight。

D 这里有一个比较结构 as much …as…，被比较的是女儿的首次比赛和父亲以前的比赛吸引公众的程度，两个比较的对象理应是同一事物，所以选 fight。

D 从观众的角度来看总是希望比赛紧张一点、精彩一点，双方势均力敌才有看点，所以 Laila 的对于明显比她弱，对观众来说就是一件不幸的事了。

C to know what one is doing 是一种常见的、相对固定的表达方式，意思是:知道该怎么做、做得不错。

B compare...to...这里是 “和......作比较”的意思，也可以说 “compare...with..., compare...to...的另一种意思是”把……比作为……"。

C make her own name 自己成名(不靠她父亲)

B 这里说的是Laila 已经明白的事，所以用 realize。suggest 和 propose都是建议，hope则是希望。

B 这里的 if 相当于whether;to see if(whether)she still wants to go forward with it 看她是否还想继续下去。

D struggle with the symptoms of Parkinson's disease和帕金森氏病的症候斗争。

B 对Laila 在那样一个时刻所作出的那样一个决定人们的反应有赞扬，也有批评。

C arrival on the boxing scene of a woman 一名女性出现在拳击场上，注意这里的词序，实际上是 the arrival of a woman on the boxing scene。

第三篇：2008年职称英语考试综合类(A级)真题

2008年职称英语考试综合类（A级）真题

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.With immense relief，l Stopped running.A somehttp

B enormous

C little

D extensive

2.The scientists began to accumulate data.A collect

B handle

C analyze

D investigate

3.Jack eventually overtook the last truck.A hithttp

B passed

C reached

D led

4.Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance.A possible

B profitable

C easy

D wise

5.The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle.A fact

B mystery

C statement

D game

6.That guy is really witty.A smart

B ugly

C honorable

D popular

7.The world champion suffered a sensational defeat.A reasonable

B dramatic

C humiliating

D horrifying

8.It seems that only Mary is eligible for the job.A prepared

B trained

C qualified

D guided

9.This poem depicts.the beautiful scenery of a town in the South.A praises

B writes

C imitates

D describes

10.The meaning is still obscure

A vague

B transparent

C alien

D significant

11.Dumped waste might contaminate water supplies.A destroy

B decrease

C delay

D pollute

12.One theory postulates that the ancient Filipinos came from India and Persia.A assumes

B expectshttp

C predicts

D considers

13.It is very difficult for a child to adhere to rules.A remember

B follow

C understand

D learn

14.I hope that I didn’t do anything absurd last night.A awkward

B strange

C stupid

D awful there should be laws that prohibit smoking around children.A forbid

B advocate

C inherit

D withdraw

第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

What Is Giobalization ?

It was the anti—globalization movement that really put globalization on the map.As a word it has existed since the 1 960s，but the protests against this allegedly new process，which its opponents condemn as a way of ordering people’S lives，brought globalization out of the financial and academic worlds and into everyday current affairs.()

In the late 1 980s and early 1 990s.the business model called the“globalized”financial market came to be seen as an entity that could have more than just an economic impact on the parts of the world it touched.Globalization came to be seen as more than simply a way of doing business，or running financial markets—it became a process.From then on the word took on a life of its own.So how does the globalized market work? It is modern communications that make it possible;for

the British service sector to deal with its customers through a call centre in India，or for a sportswear(运动服)manufacturer to design its products in Europe，make them in south.east Asia and sell them in north America.()

But this is where the anti—globalization side gets stuck in(关注).If these practices replace domestic economic life with an economy that is heavily influenced or controlled from overseas.then the creation of a globalized economic model and the process of globalization can also be seen as a surrender of power to the corporations，or a means of keeping poorer nations in their place。

Not everyone agrees that globalization is necessarily evil，or that globalized

corporations are running the lives of individuals or are more powerful than nations.Some say that the spread of globalization，free markets and free trade into the developing world is the best way to beat poverty—the only problem is that free markets and free()trade do not yet truly exist.Globalization can be seen as a positive，negative or even marginal process.And regardless of whether it works for good or ill，globalization’S exact meaning will continue to be the subject of debate among those who oppose，support or simply observe it。

16.Globalization is a term used only in the financial and academic worlds.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned()

17.Globalization can be best understood as a way of doing business.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

18.Modern communications play an important role in globalization.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

19.Britain has benefited quite a lot from globalization.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

20.The opponent believe that globalization will keep the poorer nations in poverty.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

21.The opponents think that globalization corporations have more power than nations.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned

22.Free markets and free trade will eventually prevail.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned()

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

A New Citizenship Test Last week a sample of the new US citizenship(公民身份)exam was released by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services(US—CLS).It will be tried out in 1 0 cities early next year to replace the current test in 2008.Instead of asking how many stripes the USflag has，as the current test does，the new one asks why there are 13 stripes。Instead ofhaving to name the branches of government，an applicant is asked to explain why thereare three.“The goal is to make it more meaningful.”explains Emilio Gonzalez，director of theUS—CIS。Immigrants who pass it are expected to have a better“understanding and respect”for US civic(公民的)values，Gonzalez says.The US isn’t the only country dealing with citizenship tests that aim to get a“ sharedcommitment”from immigrants for their adopted country’s“values”，In recent years，Inaddition to the usual requirement of language/work skills and economic status-severalEuropean countries have adopted citizenship tests.Britain introduced a new citizenshiptest last November.In March，a new Dutch law took effect requiring all would—beimmigrants to take a citizenship test.It involved watching a video showing nude(裸体的)women bathing at beaches and gay(同性恋的)men kissing in public.The aim was toensure that“newcomers will be comfortable with the country’S liberal social mores(风俗)”.Europe has been known for welcoming immigrants for decades.But，today，the fact is that some immigrants are kept apart from local citizens by culture and they becomehostile to each other.Promoting integration has become a major concern for Europeancountries.after the rioting in Muslim ghettoes(少数民族聚居区)in France and the killingof Dutch public figures by religious extremists.Officials believe that a person’s attachment to a country can be tested by his or herknowledge of the country.However，some critics say that the changes can do little to helppeople’assimilate(同化)themselves.“Immigration is a culture war today-Is giving a newtest the right way to lessen the accusations in that fight?”says Ali Noorani，of theMassachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy Coalition(难民辩护联盟)paragraph 2___________ paragraph 3___________ paragraph 4___________ paragraph 5___________

A.Preparation for taking a citizenship test

B.Citizenship tests in European counties

C.Importance of promoting integration

D.Necessity to know the branches of government

E.Different On the new citizenship test

F.Goal of the new citizenship test The qu~on8inthe new citizenship test are more difficult________.Would—beimmigrant8totheUS are expected________.In the Dutch citizenship test all would-be immigrants are required________.Some people fear that change in the citizenship test will do little________.A to know a lot more about the country

B to watch a video

C to helpimmignt8 accept the new culture

D to marry American citizens

E to do low-skill jobs

F to answer()

第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇Centers of the Great European Cities

The centers of the great cities of Europe are meeting places by tradition-People gather there to drink coffee and chat late into the night.A mixture of locals and tourists make for an exciting，metropolitan atmosphere.Squares，plazas(广场)and arcades(拱廊)form the heart of Europe’s cities.Venice in Italy has the Piazza San Marco—a beautiful square surrounded by shops，churches，restaurants and caf6s.In Barcelona，Spain，LaBosqueria is a lively market with hundreds of stalls selling all kinds of goods.London’s Covent Garden is filled with fruit and vegetable stalls by day and musicians，acrobats(杂技演员)and artists by night.The government buildings at the center of many cities often are architecturally impressive.In London，they serve as a beautiful backdrop(背景)to the coffee tables that line the streets and the banks of the Thames.These vibrant(有活力的)hearts are the product of centuries of evolution，social historian Joel Garreau told US News and World Report recently.“The reason people think Venice is so great today is you don’t see all the mistakes，”said Garreau-“ Those have all been removed.”Most European cities were laid out before the invention of the car, so bars.restaurants and cafes were near to，people’s homes.Today，the focus of many Europeans’life has moved away from the centers.They live in the suburbs and outskirts，driving to supermarkets to get their supplies.But on a continent where people treasure convention，there are still those who hold onto traditional ways，living and shopping locally.These people.together with tourists，provide the city centers with the reason for existence.Coffee culture plays a part in keeping these city centers flourishing.this is Particularly true of Paris whose citizens are famous enthusiastic conversationalists this skill is developed over many hours spent chatting over espressos(浓咖啡)and cigarettes.Religion also plays a role in developing sociable atmosphere.People In Roman Catholic countries used to visit the Church on an almost daily basis.Entire communities would gather in the same building and then move out to the markets.cafes and bars In the surrounding streets.An enormous example of this relationship between church and society is the Duomo。The huge marble cathedral in Florence，Italy IS surrounded by bakeries and coffee shops，and caters not only to the tourist crowds，but also the local community.31.It can be inferred from the first paragraph that each big city in Europe

A.has many large squares.B.has many very magnificent sky-scrapers.C.draws tourists in large numbers every year

D.has a center where tourists meet their spouses.32.Which statement is NOT true of Covent Garden?

A.It is crowded with people.B.It is located in London.C.it is filled with stalls.D.It is surrounded by shops，churches，restaurants and cafes

33.Why do people think that Venice is SO great?

A.Because it is a famous tourist attraction.B.Because you can reach anywhere by boat.C.Because it is well.known for Its merchants.D.Because all the mistakes have been removed.34.What are Parisians famous for?

A.Their pursuit of independence.B.Their enthusiasm for conversation.C.Their ability to keep the city flourishing.D.Their devotion to developing a multiple culture.35.The writer cites the Duomo in the last paragraph as an example to illustrate that

A.there is a tight link between church and society.B.all churches are magnificent.C.old churches are very popular.D.high—rise churches are impressive.第二篇 Doubtful Ways to Reduce and Increase Your Weight

You hear this：“No wonder you are fat.All you ever do is eat.”You feel sad：t “I skip my breakfast and supper.I run every morning and evening.What else can I do?”Basically you can do nothing。

Your genes，not your life habits，determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that，“80 percent of the children of two obese(肥胖的)parents become obese，as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight.”

How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well，dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch，a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people。They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.After more than 1 0 weeks，the subjects lost 45ka on average.But after leaving the hospital，they all regained weight.The results were surprising：by metabolic(新陈代谢的)measurement，fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving.They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn'tresult In normal weight，but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non—obese people.Thin people，however, suffer from the opposjte ：They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan Sims，of the University of Vermont，got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight?In four to six months，they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent。But months after the study ended.they were back to normal weight and stayed there.This does not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly baffle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight。the findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true—each person has a comfortable weight range.The range might be as much as 9kg.Someone might weigh 60_69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult.The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.36.What determines your weight?

A.Your working manner

B.Your eating habit。

C.Your life style.D.Your genes.37.What did Jules Hirsch do to the eight fat people in his study?

A.He let them skip supper

B.He let them skip breakfast.C.He let them run every morning and evening.D.He gave them a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.38.What happened to the eight fat people after they left the hospital?

A.They went mad.B.They killed themselves.C.They were back to normal weight.D.They attempted suicide.39.Ethan Sims made his subjects

A.battle their genetic inheritance

B.increase their weight.C.suffer from hunger

D.lower their weight.40.What did scientists think was true?

A.Each person has a fixed weight range.B.Each person has a weight range of 9kg.C.Each person wants to control his or her weight.D.Each person wants to eat to his or her heart’s content

第三篇 Shaming Punishments

Last month，James Connolly，a junior at the University of Massachusetts，stood in front of a local police station wearing a toga(长袍)as punishment.His crime? He was charged with underage drinking，illegal possession of alcohol and excessive noise while holding a party.This shaming punishment has increased in the US in recent years，mostly imposed by local judges for less—serious crimes，such as drunk driving and theft.They believe shame is the best petty crime deterrent(威慑).For example，in Tennessee，Judge James McKenzie has made shoplifters(商店货物扒手)stand outside Wal — Mart with signs that read，“I am a thief put here by order of Judge McKenzie”，“Alternative punishments like community service and fines don’t convey moral condemnation(谴责)of the criminal，”said Dan Kahan，a University of Chicago Law School professor ,in an article published on the university’S website.“They aren’t shameful enough。”

Shaming punishments are sometimes called Scarlet(红色的)Letter punishments.The name comes from US author Nathaniel Hawthorne’S 1850 novel The Scarlet Letter.In this novel，a woman is forced to wear a scarlet “A”on her clothes as punishment forher adultery(通奸).However, University of Iowa law professor Andrew Hosmanek said there is an important difference between the shaming punishments of colonial America and those assigned in states like Tennessee.“Early societies often had are— acceptance’ ceremony to welcome the offender back into main society,”says Hosmanek.“Contemporary punishments in America lack this.”

Supporters of shaming punishment argue that public shaming is a good way of expressing community values。Some judges say shamed offenders seldom repeat their crimes.Others aren’t SO sure。“There is little evidence to suggest that shaming punishments are successful in preventing people from committing specific crimes.And a shamed criminal may face a hard battle to regain credibility in society，”said Hosmanek.“So，a shaming punishment may force the offender into more crimes to support himself.”

Experts also debate shaming punishment’S damage to human dignity.“Since the point is to shame，it's of course degrading(侮辱人格的)，”said Linda Malone，director of the Human Rights and National Security Law Programme at William and Mary Law School.“US law only prohibits punishment that is‘cruel and unusual’一not‘inhuman and degrading’.it's very difficult for a thief to prove that holding a sign in front of Wal-Mart is ‘cruel and unusual’.”

41.James Connolly was accused of all the following crimes EXCEPT

A.illegally possessing alcoh01

B.smuggling drugs

C.drinking at an illegal age

D.making too much noise at a party

42.Which of the following punishments does NOT morally condemn a criminal?

A.Holding a sign that announces his or her crime

B.Publishing his or her name on a website

C.Apologizing for the crime in front of Wal—Mart

D.Having to do useful work to help others without being paid

43.In the novel The Scarlet Letter, a woman is accused of

A.corruption

B.bribery

C.adultery

D.thee

44.The word “suggest’ in Paragraph10 could be best replaced by

A.propose

B.indicate

C.assume

D.explain

45.What does US law forbid?

A.Cruel and unusual punishments

B.lnhuman punishments

C.Degrading punishments

D.Shaming punishments

第四篇：2012年职称英语考试综合类C级真题及答案

2012年职称英语综合类C级真题及答案

第一部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1、The storm caused severe damage.A．physical

B．accidental

C．serious

D．environmental

2、Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early

A．selected

B．operated

C．developed

D．discovered

3、The story was published with the sole purpose of selling newspapers

A．real

B．main

C．only

D．practical

4、A large crowd assembled outside the American embassy

A．gathered

B．watched

C．shouted

D．walked

5、He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia

A．gradual

B．regular

C．direst

D．occasional

6、On the table was a vase filled with artificial flowers

A．wild

B．fresh

C．lovely

D．false

7、We had trouble finding a pure water supply

A．typical

B．complete

C．clean

D．clear

8、“What do you mean by that”Paul asked sharply

A．critically

B．helplessy

C．politely

D．quickly

9、She only needs a minute amount of money

A．certain

B．fair

C．full

D．small

10、Keep your passport in a secure place

A．special

B．good

C．safe

D．different

11、He inspired many young people to take up the sport

A．encouraged

B．allowed

C．called

D．advised

12、Did she accept his research proposal?

A．invitation

B．plan

C．offer

D．view

13、The city centre was wiped out by the bomb

A．covered

B．destroyed

C．reduced

D．moved

14、I’d like to withdraw 500 from my current account

A．leave

B．pay

C．put

D．draw

15、The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious

A．hate

B．need

C．love

D．pity 【答案】：CDCAB，DCADC，ABBDD 第二部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Brotherly Love

Adidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century.Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes, Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world.But the story of these two companies begins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany.Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker.They loved sport but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in.Rudolph always said, 'You cannot play sports wearing shoes that you'd walk around town with.' So they started making their own.In 1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes（钉），produced on the Dasslers' kitchen table.On lst July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together for many years.The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germany's athletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games.But in 1948 the brothers argued.No one knows exactly what happened, but family members have suggested that the argument was about money or women.The result was that Adolph left the company.His nickname was Adi, and using this and the first three letters of the family name, Dassler, he founded Adidas.Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too.At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma, after the wild cat.The famous Puma logo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since.After the big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and their companies have now been in competition for over sixty years.Both companies were for many years the market leaders, though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma.A hip hop group, Run DMC, has even written a song called “My Adidas” and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok, another big sports shoe company.The terrible family argument should really be forgotten, but ever since it happened, over sixty years ago, the town has been split into two.Even now, some Adidas employees and Puma employees don't talk to each other.16.Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

17.The brothers’ father was a ball maker.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

18.The brothers make shoes at home.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

19.The brothers argued about the shoes.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

20.The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

21.Nike makes more shoes than Adidas.A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Not mention

22.People in town have forgotten their argument.【答案】：BBABACB 第三部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

Who Built Giza’s Pyramids（金字塔）? For centuries, the pyramids of Giza have been timeless symbols of Egyptian culture.But who actually built them? For years, we did not know for sure.But archeologists（考古学家）recently discovered an ancient village near the pyramids.Close by, there was also a cemetery（墓地）where pyramid builders were buried.From studying these places, archeologists can now confirm that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners.Ordinary Egyptians built them.It took about eighty years to build the pyramids.According to archeologists, about 20,000-30,000 people were involved in completing the task.The workers had different roles.Some dug up the rock, some moved it, and some shaped it into blocks.People also worked on different teams, each with its own name.On a wall in Khufu's Great Pyramid, for example, a group of workers wrote “Friends of Khufu.” Teams often competed to do a job faster.Life for these workers was hard.“We can see that in their skeletons（骨架）,” says Azza Mohamed Sarry El-Din, a scientist studying bodies found in the cemetery.The bones show signs of arthritis(关节炎), which developed from carrying heavy things for a long time.Archeologists have also found many female skeletons in the village and cemetery.The damage to their bones is similar to the men's.Their lives may have been even tougher: male workers lived to age 40-45, but women to only 30-35.However, workers usually had enough food, and they also had medical care if they got sick or hurt.The work was challenging, but laborers were proud of their work.”lt's because they were not just building the tomb of their king,“ says Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass.“They were building Egypt.It was a national project, and everyone was a participant.”

23.Paragraph 1___A___

24.Paragraph 2___C___

25.Paragraph 3___D___

26.Paragraph 4___E___

A.Builders of the pyramids

B.Egyptian slaves

C.Pyramid builders' jobs

D.Pyramid builders' tough lives

E.An important national project

F.Female pyramid builders: the challenges

27.The pyramids of Giza were built ___F___

28.To build the pyramids, the workers had different roles and worked ___C___

29.Both men and women workers suffered from arthritis which developed ___B___

30.The pyramid builders were proud ___E___

A.of their king

B.from taking heavy things

C.on different teams

D.by foreigners

E.of their work

F.by ordinary Egyptians 第四部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

From Ponzi to Madoff

The year was 1920.The country was the United States of America.The man's name was Charles Ponzi.Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account.Instead, they should give it to him to save for them.Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank.For example, a savings account might pay you $5 a year for every $100 you deposit.Ponzi, however, would pay you $40 a year for every $100 you gave him to hold.Many people thought this was a good plan.They began to give their money to Ponzi.How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money.However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself.Soon he had $250 million.This was a kind of theft, and it was against the law.The people who gave him their money didn't think anything was wrong.Ponzi paid them every month, just like a bank.Ponzi continued this way of working for two years.Then one day, he didn't have enough money to pay all the people.They discovered his crime, and he went to prison for fraud.Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Madoff.People said he gave good advice about money.They said when they gave him their money, he paid them a lot more than the bank.Madoff helped hospitals, schools, and individuals earn money.Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $170 billion.However, no one investigated what he did with the money.The people who gave Madoff their money also didn't think anything was wrong because he paid them every month.One day, Madoff didn't have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay.That's when people discovered how Madoff worked: He was taking money from some people to pay other people, just the way Charles Ponzi did.However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars, people lost billions.Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him.He didn't have to go on trial because he said he was guilty.In 2009, a judge sentenced him t0 150 years in prison.Bernard Madoff's crime was even bigger than Ponzi's.It was the biggest fraud in history.The lesson of this story is clear: When something seems too good to be true, it probably is!

31.For every $100, Ponzi promised to pay people

A.$5 a year.B.$20 a year.C.$40 a year.D.$100 a year.32.What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him?

A.He spent it all on things for himself.B.He used some of it to pay other people.C.He deposited it all in a bank.D.He kept it all to save for a good plan.33.What was Ponzi's crime?

A.He robbed the banks of millions of dollars.B.He gave people more than the bank did.C.He kept a lot of other people's money for himself.D.He did not pay people their interests.34.How long did Madoffs tricks last?

A.Forty years.B.Four year.C.Nine years.D.Ninety years.35.Why didn't Madoff have to go on trial?

A.The officiais couldn't find any evidence against him.B.He had friends in the government who helped him.C.He admitted he was guilty.D.He returned all the illegal money.【答案】：CBDAC

第二篇

Puerto Rican Cuisine（菜肴）

Puerto Rico, a Caribbean(加勒比海区)island rich in history and remarkable natural beauty, has a cuisine all its own.Immigration（移民）to the island has helped to shape its cuisine, with people from all over the world making various contributions to it.However, before the arrival of these immigrants, the Taino people lived on the island of Puerto Rico.Taino cuisine included such foods as rodents(啮齿动物), fresh shellfish and fish fried in corn oil.Many aspects of Taino cuisine continue today in Puerto Rican cooking, but it has been heavily influenced by the Spanish, who invaded Puerto Rico in 1508, and Africans, who were initially brought to Puerto Rico to work as slaves.Taino cooking styles were mixed with ideas brought by the Spanish and Africans to create new dishes.The Spanish extended food choices by bringing cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep to the island.Africans also added to the island's food culture by introducing powerful, contrasting tastes in dishes.In fact, much of the food Puerto Rico is now famous forwas actually imported by foreigners to the island.A common assumption many people make about Puerto Rican food is that it is very spicy(辛辣的).lt's true that chili peppers are popular;aij caballero in particular is a very hot chili pepper that Puerto Ricans enjoy.However, milder(微辣的)tastes are popular too, such as sofrito.As the base of many Puerto Rican dishes, sofrito is a sauce made from chopped onions, green bell peppers, sweet chili peppers, and a handful of other spices.It is fried in oil and then added to other dishes.36、who lived in Puerto Rico first

A．the Africans

B．the Spanish

C．the Americans

D．the Taino people

37、In the first paragraph the word “it” refers to

A．immigration

B．Caribbean history

C．the island’s natural beauty

D．Puerto Rican cuisine

38、what is the main idea of the second paragraph?

A．Taino dishes are important in Puerto Rican cooking

B．Food imported by foreigners isn’t really Puerto Rican

C．Puerto Rican cooking has many outside influences

D．African foods have probably had the most influence

39、How is sofrito used？

A．It is eaten before meals

B．It is added to other dishes

C．It is used where foods are too spicy

D．It is eaten as a main dish

40、which of the following is NOT true?

A．softito is a type of extremely spicy food

B．Many people think Puerto Rican food is spicy

C．Puerto Rican cuisine uses a lot of chili peppers

D．Aij caballero is a type of chile pepper 【答案】：DDCBA

第三篇

The Changing Middle Class

The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation.However，middle class is not a real designation，nor does it carry privileges（特权）.It is more of a perception，which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II.The economy was growing，more and more people owned their own homes，workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them，and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one.Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility.They may have started out poor，but they could become rich.Successful people also found that they had greater geographic mobility.In other words，they found themselves moving to and living in a variety of places.The middle class collectively holds several values and principles.One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine one’s own economic fate.In addition, middle-class morality（道德观）embraces principles of individual responsibility, importance of family, obligations to others，and believing in something outside oneself.But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success.A U.S.News & World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent of Americans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet.Both spouses now worked, as did some of the children;long commutes became routine;the need for child care put strains on the family;and public schools were not as good as they once were.Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat.The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing.41.This passage gives information about

A.a social and economic group.B.an individual.C.a political organization.D.a government department.42.In the years after World War II, the middle class were

A.overburdened and in debt.B.hard working and doubtful.C.happy and full of hope.D.young and upset.43.One important middle-class value is that

A.people should always have fun.B.children should believe in themselves.C.debt is nothing to worry about.D.they should earn enough to finance their lifestyles.44.In the second paragraph, the word ”collectively' means

A.hesitatingly.B.unknowingly.C.weakly.D.commonly.45.The 1994 survey showed most Americans thought the middle class

A.took pleasure in raising children.B.had a regular journey to work.C.could not earn enough money to maintain their lifestyles.D.could easily maintain their lifestyles.【答案】：ACDDC 第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。

Forests for Cities

You are standing in a beautiful forest in Japan.The air is clean and smells like plants and flowers.There are 175 different kinds of trees, and 60 kinds of birds live here.____(46)You are downtown in the city of Nara, Japan, in Kasugayama Forest, the oldest urban forest in the world.It was started more than a thousand years ago, and today it's very popular with tourists and artists.Cities around the world are working to protect their urban forests.Some urban forests are parks, and some are just streets with a lot of trees.But all urban forests have many good effects on the environment.___(47)They also stop the noise from heavy traffic.They even make the weather better because they make the air 3-5 degrees cooler, and they stop strong winds.Urban forests also have many good effects on people.They make the city more beautiful.In a crowded area, they give people a place to relax and spend time in nature._____(48)

In some countries, people are starting new urban forests.In England, there are now 1.3 million trees in an urban forest called Thames Chase, east of London.It was started in 1990, and it has grown very fast.Walking and bicycle clubs use the forest, and there are programs for children and artists.____(49)

Some older cities don't have space for a big urban forest, but planting trees on the streets makes the city better.Scientists found that commuters(通勤人员)feel more relaxed when they can see trees.Trees are even good for business.______(50)In the future, urban forests will become even more important as our cities grow bigger.In the megacities(超大城市)of tomorrow, people will need more green space to live a comfortable life.Planting trees today will make our lives better in the future.A．People spend more time at shopping centers that have trees

B．In hot countries，urban forests are cool places for walking and other healthy exercises

C．But you are not in rural area

D．Trees take pollution out of the air

E．In 2033，it will have 5 million trees F．It has many kinds of birds in the country 【答案】：CDBEA 第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Traffic in Our Cities

The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand.This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk ______(51)accidents.Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade people to______(52)（变化）their habits and leave their cars at home.One possible ______(53)is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by ______(54)charges for parking and bringing in tougher fines for anyone who ______(55)the law.In addition, drivers could be ______(56)（变化）to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day.This system, ______(57)as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a ______(58)of cities, using a special electronic card ______(59)to the windscreen of the car.Another way of ______(60)with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the ______(61)of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre.Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus ______(62)（变化）for the final stage of their journey.Of course, the most important ______(63)is to provide good public transport.However, to get people to ______(64)the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares ______(65)at an acceptable level.51.A.of B.for C.about D.by

52.A.acquire B.form C.support D.change

53.A.manner B.approach C.custom D.style

54.A.enlarging B.increasing C.growing D.developing

55.A.destroys B.breaks C.refuses D.rejects

56.A.allowed B.advised C.required D.controlled

57.A.designed B.known C.seen D.called

58.A.quantity B.total C.sum D.number

59.A.fixed B.joined C.built D.placed

60.A.doing B.handling C.solving D.dealing

61.A.border B.outside C.limit D.outskirts

62.A.service B.station C.route D.fare

63.A.thought B.case C.event D.thing

64.A.in B.up C.off D.out

65.A.taken B.blocked C.kept D.given 【答案】：ADBBB，CBDAD，DADBC

第五篇：2016职称英语考试真题及答案

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第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共15分)

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有下划线，请为每处下划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1、Have you talked to her?lately?

A.lastly

B.finally

C.shortly

D.recently

2、About?one quarter of?the workers in the country are employed in factories.A.third

B.fourth

C.tenth

D.fifteenth

3、The dentist has decided to?extract?her bad tooth.A.take out

B.repair

C.push in

D.dig

4、We shall keep the money in a?secure?place.手机、网页、电脑三位一体学习模式www.xiexiebang.comtianyu.com

13、He is?certain?that the dictionary is just what I want.A.sure B.angry C.doubtful D.worried

14、Our lives are?intimately?bound up with theirs.A.tensely B.nearly C.carefully D.closely

15、The soldier?displayed?remarkable courage in the battle.A.placed B.showed C.pointed D.decided

第2部分：阅读判断(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信患，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

回答16-22题：

Easy Learning

Students should be jealous.Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but they’ve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep.By the time babies are a year old they can recognise a lot of sounds and even simple words.Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finland suspected that they might progress this fast because they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake.To test the theory, Cheour and her colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the first few days of their lives.They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel sounds—one that sounds like “oo”, another like “ee” and a third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish and similar languages that sounds like something in between.EEG recordings of the infants brains before and after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds.Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, while the rest were split into two sleep-study groups.One group was exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others listened to other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds.When tested in the morning, and again in the evening, the babies who’d heard the tricky boundary vowel all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognise this new sound.They could identify the sound even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all.Cheour doesn’t know how babies accomplish this night-time learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies don’t “turn off” their cerebral cortex while they sleep.The skill probably fades in the course of the first year of life, she adds—so forget

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下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

回答23-30题：

Screen Test

Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer.If this happens early ecough, the disease can often be treated successfully.According to a survey published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes.Nine of them, including Australia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen women under 50.But the medical benefit of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer.Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser.Researchers at the Polytechnic University of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160,000 women at 11 local clinics.After estimating the women’s cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause.The mathematical model recommended by Britain’s National Radiological Protection Board(NRPB)predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal.The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led, to a lower figure of 20 cancers.The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is “not very significant” compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated.The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened.But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation.The results of their study, they suggest, could help “optimise the technique” for breast cancer screening.“There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks.” admits Michael Clark of the NRP

B.But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution.“On the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life.That’s why radiation exposure should be minimised in any screening programme.”

Paragraph 2_____

24、Paragraph 3_____

25、Paragraph 4_____

26、Paragraph 5_____

A.Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman

B.Investigating the Effect of Screening

C.Effects Predicted by Two Different Models

D.Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation

E.Treatment of Cancers

F.Factors That Trigger Cancers

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In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything.Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.There is special psychology of bargain hunting.To save money, 0f course,most people search for sales, low prices and discounts.Compulsive bargain hunters, however,often buy things they don't need just only because they are cheap.They believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game: when they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winners.Most people, experts claim,have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for things that they do and the real one.Of course, it is not only scientists who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people.Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business:they consider people's needs for love, power, or influence, their basic value, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.Psychologists can often use a method called “behavior therapy” to help individuals solve their personality problems.In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.The word “compulsive”(Line 2, Para.1)probably-means__________.A.necessary

B.compulsory

C.complicated

D.fearful

32、According to the passage, the greatest pleasure of crazy shopping for a compulsive spender is__________.A.to get things they want

B.to meet their strong psychological need

C.to spend a lot of money

D.to meet their basic needs

33、According to the passage, compulsive bargain hunters constantly search for the lowest possible prices __________.A.because they feel satisfied if they spend less moneythan others

B.because they have money problem

C.because they like to show off their success in getting things for less money

D.because they want to save money to help their budget

34、According to the passage, which of the following is true?__________.A.All people only buy things they need.B.Both business people and advertisers increase sales through using psychology.C.Scientists understand psychology better than business people.D.Compulsive spenders can never get any help to solve their problems.with money.35、What does the passage mainly discuss?__________.A.The use of the psychology of spending money in business.B.A special psychology of bargaining.C.A method to help compulsive spenders to solve the problem of money.D.The psychology of money-spending habits.36、回答36-50题：

Lifetime Employment in Japanese Companies

In most large Japanese companies, there is a policy of lifetime employment.What this means

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The story of man's dream of flight, of his desire to reach the stars, is as old as mankind itself.According to Greek legend, Daedalus was the first man to fly.He and his son had been kept on an island.In order to escape, Daedalus shaped wings of wax(2)into which he stuck bird feathers.During their flight, his son flew too high and the sun melted the wax.He was drowned in the sea.The father was supposed to have continued his flight and reached Sicily, several hundred miles away.There is also an English legend of King Bladud who, during his rule in the ninth century

B.C., used wings to fly.But his flight was short-lived and he fell to his death.The dream of flying continued, but in all the legends, the flier rose like a bird only to fall like a stone.It took hundreds of years that men flew up into the air and returned to earth safely.The first man to approach flying on a scientific basis was an Englishman who lived during the thirteenth century.He looked at the air about us as a sea, and he believed that a balloon could float on the air just as a boat did on water.Almost four hundred years later, an Italian priest applied his principle of air flight.He designed a boat, which would be held in the air by four hollow spheres(空心球).ach of the four balls was to be 20 feet in diameter(直径)and made of very thin copper.But his boat was never built since it was not possible to make spheres of such thin metal and such size in those days.After studying the flight of birds and the movement of the air, a great scientist of the fifteenth century concluded that birds flew because they flapped(摆动)their wings and that it was possible for man to do the same.So a kind of flapping-wing flying machine was invented.Many men tried and failed to fly with flying machines.It was not until 1890 that people discovered why this method would never succeed-man could not develop sufficient power with his arms and legs.How did Daedalus manage to escape to Sicily, according to the passage?

A.He killed the guards and got out of the island.B.A god came to rescue him and took him away.C.His son came to rescue him and took him away.D.He made wings of wax and flew away from the island.42、According to the English legend, King Bladud lost his life because__________.A.he flew too far.B.he flew too high.C.he fell to the ground，D.he was hit by a stone.43、The first scientific air flight was designed by__________.A.a Greek.B.an Englishman.C.a Chinese.D.an Italian.44、The priest failed to build the boat because__________.A.he could not raise enough money.B.his design was not scientific.C.he could not find enough copper.D.copper spheres could not be made as designed

45、According to the last paragraph, man could not fly with flapping-wing flying machines

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themselves.__________(49)

Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools Which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build.__________(50)You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere.Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to be overcome.A.The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.B.It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.C.The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.D.Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used.E.Many people were killed while building the pyramids.F.They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet.________

47、________

48、________

49、________ 50、________

第6部分：完形填空(第51-65题，每题1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

回答51-65题：

Transportation

For many years in the desert, camels Used to be the only form of transportation(运输).Before the(51)of modern trains, camel trains used to carry all the goods for trading between Central Africa and Europe.Traders sometimes(52)to put together camel trains with 10,000 to 15,000 animals.Each animal often carried(53)400 pounds and could travel twenty miles a day.This form of transportation was so important that camels were called the “ships of the(54).”

Now modern trains travel across the desert in a very(55)time.One engine can pull as much weight as 135,000(56).In addition, trains use special cars for their load.Refrigerator cars carry food;boxcars carry heavy goods;stock cars carry animals;and tank cars carry oil.Air travel has changed, too.The earliest planes were biplanes(双翼飞机), with(57)sets of wings.The top speed of this plane was 60 miles per hour.The pilots used to sit or lie on the wings in the open air.The plane(58)sometimes stopped in the middle of a trip.It used to be(59)to fly in bad weather.In snow or in rain, the wings frequently became icy.Then the plane might go down.Mechanical improvements during the First World War changed airplanes.Monoplanes(单翼飞机)took the(60)of biplanes.Pilots flew inside of covered cabins.Still, even these planes were small and expensive.Only(61)people were be able to travel in airplanes.Now modern jets make air travel possible for all people.No place in the world is more than

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A.probable B.possible C.improbable D.impossible 60、A.seat B.pace C.place D.vacancy 61、A.technical B.rich C.those D.professional 62、A.got rid of B.raised C.avoided D.lowered 63、A.much B.so C.very D.such 64、A.sometimes B.occasionally C.neither D.never 65、A.But B.So C.Now D.However 更多内容请登陆天宇考王官网查看