第一篇:高三英语时态教案
高三英语时态教案
I.动词时态Verb Tenses 动词时态一:一般现在时(提示:当主语是单三时务必使用动词的单三形式)1.He______(be, am, is, are)a teacher at No.2 Middle School.2.He______(have, has)classes in the afternoon.3.He______(get, gets)up at half past six every morning.4.He always _____(come, comes)to school on time.5.He ______(study, studies)very hard at his lesson.6.One and two _____(be, is, are)three.7.Blue and yellow _____(make, makes)green.8.The earth _____(move, moves)round the sun.9.I will go there if I ____(be, will be, am, is, are)free tomorrow.10.I will go there when I _____(have, will have, has)time tomorrow.11.He won’t come to the party unless he _____(be, will be, am, is, are)invited.12.I’ll wait here until my mother ____(come, comes, will come)back.13.Please return the book to the library as soon as you ______(finish, finishes, will finish)reading it.14.Once you _____(see, sees, will see)him, you will never forget him.时间状语:---never/seldom/sometimes/often/usually/always/now/every morning/once a month---动词时态二:一般过去时(提示:使用动词的过去式)15.He____(be, was, were, been)here a moment ago.16.They ____(be, was, were, been)here just now.17.The scientists _____(leave, leaves, leaved, left)for America yesterday.18.Last week we ______(visit, visited)the Science Museum.19.When I was a child, I often ____(play, played)football.20.The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ____(ring, rang, rung).时间状语:---yesterday/yesterday morning/the day before yesterday/last week/last month/last year/three years ago/a few days earlier/the other day(=a few days ago)/in 1999/after three months/ two days later/at that time/ just now/ in the past/ in those days/one day/ once / at one time---动词时态三:现在进行时(am/is/are +v-ing)
21.I ____(write, am writing, is writing, are writing)a letter now.22.Look, it _____(begin, is beginning, am beginning, are beginning)to rain.23.They ____(study, is studying, am studying, are studying)medicine at the Medical Institute of Chengde these days.24.He _____(teach, am teaching, is teaching, are teaching)an English lesson at this time.时间状语:---now/these days/ at present/ at this time---提示动词look/ listen---动词时态四:过去进行时(was/were+ v-ing)25.I _____(cook, cooked, was cooking, were cooking)breakfast when you arrived.26.What ____you_____(do, did, was...doing, were…doing)at this time yesterday evening? 27.We_____(have, are having, had, were having)dinner when the doorbell rang.28.While/ When/ As we____(have, had, are having, were having)dinner, the doorbell rang.时间状语:---then/ at that time/at this time yesterday/ yesterday evening/last night/ 1 when-clause(when引导的时间状语从句)---
动词时态五:一般将来时(六种表达形式)①shall/ will +v.②be going to +v.主观打算等 ③be to + v.客观安排等 ④be about to +v.⑤be + v-ing(-come, go, leave, arrive, start, stay, return-)⑥v-/ v-s(-es)(表示按时间表发生的将来的动作)(---start, begin, arrive, end, close, leave---)29.I ____(leave, shall/ will leave)for Ji’nan tomorrow.30.Who can tell me what ____(will happen, is going to happen)in the future? 31.Mr Smith _____(will help, shall help)you if you have any problem.32.It______(is going to be, will be)Wednesday the day after tomorrow.33.The musician _____(is going to give, are going to give, am going to give)a concert next week.34.Look, there ______(be, is going to be, are going to be)a rain soon.35.We _____(meet, will be to meet, are to meet, am to meet)at the airport this afternoon.36.The concert____(take, is to take, are to take, will be to take)place in the music hall tomorrow afternoon.37.The concert ___(hold, is to hold, is to be held, will to be held)in the music hall tomorrow evening.38.Ladies and gentlemen, the plane ___(take, is about to take, are about to take, is soon about to take)off.Please fasten your safety belts.39.We ____(start, are going to start, are starting)for Shanghai tonight.40.The train/ concert/ show/film _____(start, starts)at six tomorrow.时间状语:---tomorrow/tomorrow morning/the day after tomorrow/(how)soon/ before long/ by and by/ in an hour/ in five minutes’ time/ five minutes later/ this afternoon/ next Saturday(week, month, year)/in future/ in the future/ sometime in the future/ some day(one day)---动词时态六:过去将来时
41.I told my friend that I ____(should/ would arrive, shall/ will arrive)soon.42.They looked at those clouds over the sky.It____(is going to rain, was going to rain).43.They said that they ____(are to meet, were to meet)at the gate the next day.44.We _____(are about to go, were about to go)out when it started to rain.时间状语:---soon/the next day---that-clause(名词性从句或上下文中---)动词时态七:现在完成时(have /has + 过去分词)
45.We____(have cleaned, has cleaned)the room already.(暗示The room is clean now.)46.He ____(have been , has been)to the Summer Palace many times.((暗示He is back now.)47.She ____(have just gone, has just gone)to the library.((暗示She isn’t here now.)48.I ____(has lived, have lived)here for more than 20 years.=I _____(lived, have lived)here since I moved here 20 years ago.= It is / has been 20 years since I moved here.49.Great changes ____(have taken, has taken)place in China in the past 20 years.= There _____(has been, have been)great changes in China in the past 20 years.时间状语:
---1)already/(not)yet/before/recently=lately2)ever/never/once/twice/manytimes3)now/just/today/ this morning 4)for…/since…/so far/ by now=up till now 5)in/for/during the past(last)few years---动词时态八:过去完成时(had+ 过去分词)(特征:表示“过去的过去”)50.We ____(have read, had read)500 stories by the end of last term.51.He said that they _____(have arrived, had arrived)an hour before.52.After /When he ____(has done, had done)his job, he went to bed.53.I waited till he ____(has finished, had finished)his work.54.When I got there, he ___(has been, had been)away for half an hour.55.I went back to the classroom because I ____(have left, had left)my dictionary there.时间状语:---by the end of last…---/ that-clause名从,after,before,when,because状从。
第二篇:小学英语时态(范文模版)
时态一、一般现在时
1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,3.基本结构:动词 原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)
4.否定形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
6.例句:.It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words..时态
三、现在进行时
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:now, at this time, days, etc.look.listen
3.基本结构:be+doing
4.否定形式:be+not+doing.5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
6.例句: How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.
第三篇:英语16种时态归纳
16种英语时态总结归纳
时态(Tense)是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此,当我们说时态结构的时候,指的是相应时态下的动词形式。
英语时态分为16种:一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时,以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。
1.一般现在时
用法:
A)表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。
B)习惯用语。
C)经常性、习惯性动作。
例:He always helps others.(他总是帮助别人。)
D)客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意,如果前后文不是一般现在时,则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。
E)表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作,(仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词)可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是:飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。
例:The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.(下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。)
How often does this shuttle bus run?(这班车多久一趟?)
F)在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在(有时也用现在完成时)表示将来事情。
例:When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.(等你完成这份报告的时候,我就已经等了将近3个小时了。)
2.现在进行时(be doing)
用法:现在正在进行的动作。
3.现在完成时(have done)
用法:
A)表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。
例:I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A)didn't sell B)sold C)haven't sold D)would sell
答案是C)haven't sold。
B)表示从过去某时刻开始,持续到现在的动作或情况,并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点,或for 加一段时间,或by加一个现在时间。
例:Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A)are to challenge C)have been challenged
B)may be challenged D)are challenging
全句的意思是:“虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物,但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战,并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物动词,在本句中应当是被动语态;其动作延续到今天,所以要用现在完成时态。可见答案是C)have been challenged。A)are to challenge和D)are challenging都是主动语态,不可能是答案。B)may be challenged虽然是被动语态,但意思与全句内容不合,所以不对。
C)表示发生在过去,但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词,如:arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。
例:John has broken his left leg.(约翰摔断了左腿。)
注意事项
A)现在完成时是联系过去和现在的纽带。现在完成时和过去时的区别在于:现在完成时强调动作的动态,或受动态的影响,是动态的结果,对现在有影响;过去时只表示过去的某个具体时间里发生的动作,与现在没有联系。
例:He worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他曾经在那家医院工作了8年。这只是讲述一个过去的事实,他现在已经不在那家医院了。)
He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.(他已经在那家医院里工作了8年。表示他从过去开始工作,一直工作到现在,现在仍在那家医院工作。)
B)因为含有for加一段时间或since加一个时间点这样的时间状语的完成时,有动态和延续性的特点,所以不能使用终端动词或瞬间动词。
例:My sister has been married for 5 years.(过去分词做表语表示状态,可以延续)
My sister has married.Don't disturb her.(终端动词)
C)在“this is the first/ second/ third…… time that……”句型里要求用完成时。
例:This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.(这是我公司产品第二次参加国际展览会。)
D)句型“It is/ has been……since”所使用的两种时态都正确。
例:It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.(从我上次见到他以来已经10年了。)
E)在“no sooner than”、“hardly/ scarcely ……when”、“before”、“prior to”等句型中,主句要求完成时。
例:I haven't met that professor prior to today.(以前我从未见过那位教授。)
4.现在完成进行时(have been doing)
用法:表示某一动作开始于过去某一时间,延续或重复地出现至今,或将继续延续至将来。
例:We have been working on this project for over a month now.(到目前为止,我们一直在处理那个项目,已经花了一个多月时间了。)
注意事项:与现在完成时相比,现在完成进行时更强调:在从过去到现在的时间里,动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。
例:1997年6月四级第45 题
It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time.We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.A)had leaked B)is leaking
C)leaked D)has been leaking
从本题上下文看,这两个句子的意思是:“看来,这个管道漏油已有一段时间了,我们将不得不拆卸机器排除故障。”第二句表示将要采取的措施。第一句动作发生在第二句之前,并且延续到现在为止仍在继续。因此,空格中需用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。D)has been leaking是现在完成进行时,因此是本题的答案。有11%的考生误选了B)is leaking。由于本句有时间状语for some time,表示谓语动作延续,谓语不能用现在进行时,必须用和完成时有关的时态。有些考生误选了C)leaked或A)had leaked。是因为他们没有注意到本题第二句是一般将来时,所以第一句的谓语不能用过去时或过去完成时。
5.一般过去时
用法:
A)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。
B)表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型,本身表示的就是过去时。
例:The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.(老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上,看着其他的人,一坐就是数个小时,什么也不干,也不和任何人交谈。)
He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。)
C)有时可代替一般现在时,表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。
例:I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?(我想向您借车用一用,可以吗?)
Would you mind my sitting here?(您介意我坐在这里吗?)
注意事项:
A)注意时间状语的搭配。一般过去时的时间状语应该是表示过去某个时间的词或词组,如:yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等,绝对不可与recently, in the past 10 years, this month等连用,因为这样的时间状语都与现在有关系,应该用现在完成时或一般现在时。
B)used to do的否定形式和疑问形式很特别:你怎么写都正确。以否定形式为例:used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都对。
Used to do经常与 be used to doing sth/ sth结构进行对比。前者表示“过去常常或过去曾经”,要求加动词原形;后者表示“习惯于”,要求加名词或动名词。
6.过去完成时(had done)
用法:表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的:表示“过去的过去的动作或状态”。
Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.A)didn't hear C)hasn't heard B)hasn't been hearing D)hadn't heard
全句的意思是:“到那时为止,他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。”由此可以看出,谓语动词的动作延续到过去的某一时刻才完成,因此谓语要用过去完成时。答案是D)。其它选项中:A)didn't hear,因为一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态,所以不能与时间状语for six months连用。B)hasn't been hearing,现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行的动作,与题意不符。C)hasn't heard,现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生的动作。而题中的then只表示过去的某一时刻,不能表示现在时间。
注意事项:“过去的过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来,而不一定受某个时间状语的限制。
例:There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.(刚才有人在我们的房间里,因为我们打开前门进来时,我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃烧的香烟。)
分析:虽然时间状语是just now,似乎应该使用一般过去时,但是“在房间里”这个状态是在“开门”和“注意”这两个过去的动作之前就存在的,所以应该用过去完成时。
7.过去将来时(would/ should do)
用法:表示从过去的某个时间看将要发生的事。
例:I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.(我星期四说我将于第二天拜访我的朋友。)
注意事项:由于过去将来时是由过去时和将来时组合而成的,所以其注意事项可以参考过去时和将来时的相关注意事项。
8.过去进行时(was/ were doing)
用法:
A)表示在过去一个比较具体的时间正在发生的动作。
例:Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.(10分钟前,玛丽正在听轻音乐。)
B)如果when, while这样的时间状语引导词所引导的主从句之一是一般过去时,则另一个句子常用过去进行时。
例:I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.(你敲前门时我正在洗头发。)
注意事项:其它与将来时有关的事项请参见下面所讲的一般将来时。
9.一般将来时
用法:
A)基本结构是will / shall do。
例:We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.(我们将送给她一个玻璃的手工制品,作为给她的生日礼物。)
B)有些动词,如:arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等,用于一般进行时,并且通常与一个表示将来时间的时间状语连用,可以表示将来时。
例:My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.(我妈妈下周将来看我,并会呆到5月。)
C)表示“打算去……,要……”时,可用be going to do。
例:This is just what I am going to say.(这正是我想说的。)
D)表示“即将、正要”时,可用be about to do。强调近期内或马上要做的事。
例:Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.(别担心,我马上就给你做一次仔细的检查。)
E)“be to do”的5种用法:
a)表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。
例:She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.(星期一你准会在实验室见到她。)
b)该做或不该做的事情(语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to),表示一种命令、规劝性语气。
例:You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids.Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.(孩子们,你们必须上床睡觉,不准吵闹。我们的客人5分钟之内就要到了。)
c)能或不能发生的事情(接近can, may)
例:How am I to pay such a debt?(我怎么可能还得起这么大的一笔债呢?)
d)不可避免将要发生的事情,后来将要发生的事情。
例:I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible.Have a little patience.A.will be attended B.will be attended to
C.is attended D.is attended to
will be attended to关键的一点是:attend表示“处理,解决”时是不及物动词,必须与to连用。另外,从上下文看,事情显然尚未解决,所以应该用将来时的被动语态。答案是B。
e)用于条件从句“如果……想,设想”(接近if ……want to,或if ……should)
例:Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.A)is to be B)can be C)will be D)has been
答案是A)is to be。全句的意思是:“如果要避免食品短缺,就必须作出更大努力来增加农业产量。”
F)同样可以表示“正要、将要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。
例:The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.(教练想要放弃这场比赛了,因为对方已经射进了7个球。)
例:1999年6月四级第65题
I was _______ the point of telephoning him when his letter arrived.A)in B)to C)at D)on
答案是D)。on the point of doing 是固定词组,意思是“正要、打算”。全句的意思是:“当他的信到的时候我正要打电话给他。”
注意事项:
在以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless等连词以及具有连词作用的副词(immediately, the moment, directly)等引导的状语从句,一般用现在时代替将来时。强调延续性或动态时,可用完成时。
例:I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.(我希望到明年你回来的时候,他的身体已经好多了。)
10.将来进行时(will be doing)
用法:强调在将来的某个具体时间正在发生的动作或事情。
例:Don't worry, you won't miss her.She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.(别担心,你不会认不出她的。她到时会穿一件红色的T恤衫和一条白色的短裙。)
注意事项:由于本时态是由将来时和进行时融合在一起的,所以关于本时态的注意事项,可参考“一般将来时”和“现在进行时”的有关注意事项。
11.将来完成时(will have done)
用法:表示从将来的某一时间开始、延续到另一个将来时间的动作或状态,或是发生在某个将来时间,但对其后的另一个将来时间有影响的动作或状态。就好象把现在完成时平移到时间轴的将来时时段一样。其用法从和过去及现在有关,变成了和将来及将来的将来有关。
例:1997年1月四级第22题
The conference __________ a full week by the time it ends.A)must have lasted B)will have lasted
C)would last D)has lasted
本题考核谓语动词的时态。全句的意思是:“会议从开始到结束将持续整整一个星期。”句中by the time it ends表示动作要延续到将来某一时刻,因此要用将来完成时。答案是B)will have lasted。如果选A),因为情态动词must后面接动词不定式的完成时形式表示对已经发生的事情的一种肯定推测,而本句的时间状语是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended,所以犯了时态不呼应的错误。Would虽可以表示推测或可能性,但would last不能表示延续到将来某一时刻的动作,所以C)would last错误。因为D)has lasted是现在完成时,表示到现在为止已经完成的动作,不能表示延续到将来某一时刻的动作,所以也不正确。
注意事项:由于本时态是由将来时和完成时融合在一起的,所以关于本时态的注意事项,可以参考“一般将来时”和“现在完成时”的有关注意事项。
12)将来完成进行时:shall have been doing,will have been doing
例:By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years.(到下个月底为止,这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。)(被动语态)
13)过去完成进行时:had been doing
例:The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.(我回到家之前,我10岁大的儿子已经把这个旧钟表拆卸并重新组装了好几回了。)(此处强调“拆卸”和“组装”这两个过去的过去的动作一直在反复进行。)(被动语态)
14)过去将来进行时:should be doing , would be doing
例:The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.(政府承诺说第二年7月将有一条新的高速公路正在修建。)(此句的时间状语是具体的将来时间,所以最好用将来进行时。)(此句为被动语态)
15)过去将来完成时:should have done , would have done
例:I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.(我坚信到那年年底为止,那个软件的新版本将被开发出来。但是我错了。)(此句为被动语态)
16)过去将来完成进行时:should have been doing , would have been doing
例:They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years.(他们说到第二个月底为止,这项工程就已经不停地进行了3年了。)
第四篇:英语时态总结
一、一般现在时
1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…),on Sundays,3.基本结构:动词 原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)
4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are +not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
6.例句:.It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words..[编辑本段]
二、一般过去时
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词 的过去式
4.否定形式:主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.I didn't know you were so busy.[编辑本段]
三、现在进行时
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, etc.look.listen
3.基本结构:主语+be +doing +其他
4.否定形式:主语+be +not +doing+其他
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
6.例句: How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.[编辑本段]
四、过去进行时
1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他
4.否定形式:主语+was/were + not +doing+其他
5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写)
6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.[编辑本段]
五、现在完成时
1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点,for+时间段,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构:主语+have/has +p.p(过去分词)+其他
4.否定形式:主语+have/has + not +p.p(过去分词)+其他
5.一般疑问句:have或has。
6.例句:I've written an article.The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.[编辑本段]
六、过去完成时
1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语:Before, by the end of last year(term, month…), etc.3.基本结构:主语+had + p.p(过去分词)+其他
4.否定形式:主语+had + not +p.p(过去分词)+其他
5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。
6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month.We had reviewed four books
基本结构:主语+had+p.p(过去分词)+其他
①肯定句:主语+ had+p.p(过去分词)+其他
②否定句:主语+ had+ not+p.p(过去分词)+其他
③一般疑问句:Had+主语+p.p(过去分词)+其他
④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
[编辑本段]
七、一般将来时
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语:Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本结构:主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其他;主语+will/shall + do+其他
4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are not going to do ;主语+will/shall not do+其他
5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。
6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.[编辑本段]
八、过去将来时
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:The next day(morning, year…),the following
month(week…),etc.3.基本结构:主语+was/were +going to + do+其他;主语+would/should + do+其他
4.否定形式:主语+was/were/not + going to + do;主语+would/should + not + do.5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there.[编辑本段]
九、将来完成时
1.概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态
2.时间状语:by the time of;by the end of+时间短语(将来);by the time+从句(将来)
3.基本结构:主语+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p(过去分词)+其他4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.[编辑本段]
十、现在完成进行时
1.概念:表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始,也可能仍在继续,并可能延续到将来。
2.基本结构:主语+have/has +been +doing+其他
3.时间状语:since+时间点,for+时间段等。
4.例子:I have been sitting here for an hour.The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.[编辑本段]
十一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换
在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看:
A.He joined the League two years ago.B.He has been in the League for two years.C.It is two years since he joined the League.D.Two years has passed since he joined the League.[编辑本段]
十二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:
Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.[编辑本段]
十三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum!意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:
The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.
第五篇:英语五大时态归纳
一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No.1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。
2.如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。3.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
4.如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1.be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:
I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:
We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加“-s”或“-es”。
如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1.be动词的变化。
否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。
如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。
如:-Are you a student?
-Yes.I am./ No, I'm not.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句:主语+ don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如:
I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:
He doesn't often play.一般疑问句:Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如:
married。
④ 以重读闭音节(或r音节)结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个辅音字母,再加ed。如: stop –stopped, prefer –preferred。
当然,刚才提到的都是规则动词的构成,我们还学过许多不规则动词的过去式形式。如:am – was, are – were, put – put, see – saw, eat – ate等,这些可需要我们在课下牢牢记哟!
一般过去时态小练习: Ⅰ请写出下列动词的过去式。
is _
see _
are _
eat Ⅱ 指出下列句中的一处错误,并改正。
1.We go to school early yesterday._____________________ 2.She buys a dress last week.________________________ 3.Did you liked playing football ? ________________________ 4.---Did you have a good trip ?---No, I did.______________________ 5.I enjoied Chinese very much.__________________ Ⅲ 翻译下列句子,每空一词。
1.你昨晚去哪了? Where ______ you _______ last night? 2.我们昨天没有在学校。We __________ at school yesterday.3.我两小时前在家里。I was at home ______ _______ _______.4.你上周六去了动物园吗? _______ you ________ to the zoo last Saturday? 5.我去年不喜欢学数学。I _________ like learning math last year.一般将来时
自述 :大家好!我是你们的老朋友了,还记得我是谁吗?看仔细了,我是一般将来时态啊!在英语中,我表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,常与tomorrow morning, next year, the day after tomorrow等表示将来的时间状语连用。那么,你还记得我的构成形式吗?
1.助动词will+动词原形 在句法中,will在名词或代词的后面常缩写为’ll, will not 常缩写为won’t。在疑问句中,主语为第一人称I 或We时,常用助动词shall, shall not 缩写为shan’t。如: She will be back here tomorrow afternoon.她明天下午将要回到这儿来。
Shall we get to the zoo early tomorrow morning? 我们得明天早上早点到达动物园吗?
2.be going to +动词原形 该句式往往表示计划、打算、决定要做的事或将要发生的事。其中be有人称和数的变化,即am, is , are。如:
I am going to watch a movie.我打算今晚看电影。
She is going to see her grandpa tomorrow.她打算明天去看望她的爷爷。
We are not going to meet outside the school gate.我们不打算在校门口见面。
3.其他
① 表示移动性的瞬间动词用于进行时,表将来。
在英语中,类似come等等动词被称为移动性动词,其进行时态可以表将来,类似的动词还有go, leave, start, begin等。如: The train is coming.火车就要来了。
The bus is arriving at 9:00.公交车将于早上9点到达。
② 在时间或条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时或祈使句,或是含有情态动词,则从句用一般现在时来表示将来。如:
You can’t go home if you don’t finish your homework.如果你完不成作业,你不能回家。
When I am older, I think I will be a scientist.当我长大了,我认为我会成为一个科学家。
一般将来时训练营
I 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.She ________ flowers in my garden tomorrow morning.(water)
2.I will stay at home if it _________ tomorrow.(rain)
3.What are you ________ to do tomorrow?(go)
4.The radio says it ________ rainy tomorrow.(be)
5.She says she _________ me a beautiful dress tomorrow morning.(buy)
II 句型转换。
6.Li Ming will play with a toy car.(转换为一般疑问句)
_____Li Ming _____ with a toy car?
7.They’ll go for a walk after supper.(转换为否定句)
They _____ _____ for a walk after supper.8.Will the flowers come out next week?(作否定回答)
_____, _____ _____.9.I will have an English exam tomorrow.(转换为同义句)
I _____ _____ _____ have an English exam tomorrow.10.The boys have a basketball l match on Saturday.(用next Saturday y来改写)
The boys _____ _____ _____ _____ a basketball match next Saturday.现在完成时用法解析
1.构成
现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词,说明句子的意义。
2.用法
(1)表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如:
-Have you had lunch yet?-Yes,I have.I've just had it.你(已经)吃午饭了吗? 我刚刚吃过。(现在我不饿了)
(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。如:He has taught here since 1981
他自1981年就在这儿教书。(可能还要继续教)
I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。
(3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,一般译为汉语“过”,常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如: I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语(1)现在完成时属于现在时范围,故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如:yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是,在强调动作产生的后果和影响时,可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a.用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中,yet一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。如:We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如:-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗?
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。
c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语,如just,before,up to now,the past few years等。例如:I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.我以前见过她,但记不起在哪里见过。
He has been there three times the last few days.近几年他去过那里三次了。
d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语,如:now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等。例如:-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't.今天你见过他吗?我 没有。
How many times have you been there this year?
今年你去过那里多少次?
(2)现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始,一直持续到现在。如:I haven't seen him for two years.但是,像come,arrive,buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用,必须改为“be(在)”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换:
arrive→be here begin(start)→be on
die →be dead come back→be back
leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep)
get up→be up go out →be out
finish →be over put on →wear 或be on
open →be open join →be in或 be a member of„
close →be closed go to school→be a student
borrow →keep buy →have
catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)get to know →know
begin to study→study come to work→work等
如:He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。
The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。
We have studied English for three years.我们(开始)学英语已三年了。
4.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动作与现在的关系。如对现在产生的结果或影响等,而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生,不表示和现在的关系。试比较:
I have lost my new book.我把新书丢了。(现在还未找到)
I lost my new book yesterday.我昨天把新书丢了。(昨天丢的,现在找到与否没说明)5.几点注意事项
(1)have been(to)与have gone(to)的区别:have been(to)表示“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”,可用于各人称;have gone(to)表示“去某地了(说话时某人不在当地)”,常用于第三人称,前者可与once ,never,several times等连用,后者则不能。如:They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。
He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。
(2)如单纯表示一段时间,或强调一段时间,虽有since一词,也不必用完成时。如:It is two years since his father died.=His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世已有三年了。
(3)终止性动词现在完成时的否定式,已变成一种可以延续的状态,因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。
如:I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来,我一直没有离开过这儿
练习题:。
1.“_________ you __________(have)lunch ?” “Yes.” “When ________ you __________(have)it?”“I ____________(have)it at 12:00.”
2.“_________ you __________(write)a letter to your aunt yet?” “Yes, I ___________.I ________________(write)one last week.” 3.“_________ he ___________(finish)his homework?” “Not yet.” 4.“_________ they ever __________(be)abroad?” “Yes, just once.”
5.Your father _________ just ___________(finish)his work.6.Your father _________(finish)his work just now.7.Last term I __________(learn)many English words.8.They ____________(not read)the interesting books yet.9.He _____________ never ____________(go)to the science museum.10.____________ you ever ____________(drink)coke? 11.“____________ you _____________(buy)a dictionary? “ “Yes, I __________.”
“Where __________ you _____________(buy)it?” “ I ___________(buy)it in a bookstore.”
“When ___________ you _____________(buy)it?” “ Yesterday.”
二、句型转换。
1、He has never surfed, ?(改成反意疑问句)
2、They have been here since 2000.(对划线部分提问)
have they been here?
3、The old man _________ last year.He for a year.(die)词填空)
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)
This factory ________ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换)
Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years.(同义句)
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________.(动
7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago.(同义句转换)
_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago.(并成一个句子)
___________________________________________
把两个句子合