第一篇：马丁·路德·金《我有一个梦想》实用导学案
《我有一个梦想》导学案
一、学习目标
1.了解马丁路德金的生平及思想，了解本篇演讲辞的相关背景。2.反复诵读，品位语言，感受激情。
二、快乐自学
（一）知识链接
1、马丁·路德·金
马丁·路德·金（1929～1968）美国黑人民权运动领袖。其政治主张的核心是非暴力主义。金一生都在为美国黑人争取平等自由的权利而不懈斗争，曾三次被捕，三次被判刑。1964年，金被授予诺贝尔和平奖。1968年4月，前往田纳西州领导工人罢工时，遇刺身亡，年仅39岁。
1963年8月28日，二十五万黑人在华盛顿特区林肯纪念堂前举行盛大集会，马丁·路德·金在会上发表了著名的《我有一个梦想》的演讲。金是出色的演说家，被誉为“黑人之音”。美国《展示》杂志将他评为近百年世界最具说服力的演说家之一。
从1986年起，美国政府将每年1月的第三个星期一定为马丁·路德·金全国纪念日。（这是美国三个纪念个人的法定假日之一，另外两个是纪念欧洲人发现美洲大陆的哥伦布日，和纪念前总统林肯和华盛顿的总统节。）1987年，马丁·路德·金的诞生日亦被联合国定为纪念日。
2、林肯·Ａ
林肯·Ａ（1861～1865），1860年当选为美国第16任总统，曾多次被评价为最伟大的总统。林肯就任总统期间，美国爆发内战，史称南北战争。林肯废除了南方叛乱诸州的奴隶制度，颁布《宅地法》和《解放黑奴宣言》，最终击败分裂势力，取得战争胜利。在南方军队投降后五天，林肯总统在华盛顿福特剧院被暴徒枪杀。
3、美国黑人背景资料
黑人是美洲大陆的特殊居民。他们祖籍非洲，十六、十七世纪起，被殖民者从非洲大陆大批贩卖到美洲，成为种植园中的奴隶，受到各种非人的待遇。这种状况持续了一个多世纪。1783年，美国的建国者决定废除奴隶贸易。1862年，美国南北战争期间，总统林肯签署了《解放黑奴宣言》，黑人获得法律上的自由。
但是，直到二十世纪五六十年代，美国的种族歧视和种族压迫仍然十分严重，黑人仍然是美国社会的二等公民。他们挣扎在社会的底层，生活贫困，得
不到良好的教育，不能参加投票和选举，不能像白人一样享有人格自由和活动自由。尤其在南方诸州，黑人不能在白人开的餐馆就餐，甚至在公共汽车上，黑人只能坐在后车厢，车的中部虽然允许黑人坐，但有白人上车，黑人必须给白人让座。在这种情况下，美国黑人以争取平等自由为目标，发起了声势浩大的民权运动。马丁·路德·金就是其中最杰出的领袖。
（二）预学环节
1、给以下加点字注音，利用课下注释和工具书解释词语。祈祷．．（qí dǎo）镣铐．．（liào kào）枷．锁（jiā）萎．
缩（wěi suō）缔．造者（dì）履．行（lǚ）戳．子（chuō）侈．谈（chǐ）磐．石（pán）心急如焚．（fén）崭．新（zhǎn）蜕．变（tuì）匿．迹（nì）蜿蜒．．（wān yán）拯．救（zhěng）赎．罪（shú）骇．
（hài）人听闻:使人听了感到十分震惊。义愤填膺．（．y．ī．ng．．）．:形容心中充满了愤怒。安之若素:对于危困境地或异常情况，一如平常，泰然处之。大失所望:原来的希望全部落空。侈谈:夸大而不切实际地谈论。蜕变:(人或事物)发生质变;衰变。
摇摇欲坠:摇摆晃动，就掉下去的样子。多形容情势危急或地位不稳。不言而喻:不用解释就可以明白。形容道理显而易见。
2、通读本篇演讲辞，结合文章，思考以下问题。时间：1963年8月28日。
地点：华盛顿特区在林肯纪念堂前组织25万黑人的集会上。对象：主要是黑人，同时也包括一部分白人及美国政府。目的：进一步推动黑人民权运动发展，使广大黑人获得法律所赋予的民主、自由、平等的权利。
3、概述本篇演讲辞的主要内容。
第一部分（1—6段）作者从一百年前林肯总统签署的《解放黑奴宣言》讲起，过渡到黑人如今悲惨的生活现状，明确要求美国政府兑现民主诺言。
第二部分（7—16段）作者提醒黑人同胞们，要用非暴力的方式争取合法的权利；同时鼓励他们坚持到底，不要绝望。
第三部分（17—32段）全文的高潮部分。作者表达了对梦想的强烈渴望和期待，呼吁种族平等、人格尊严和兄弟般的情谊早日到来！
（三）讨论环节（课前请简略作答）
1、本篇演讲的题目是《我有一个梦想》，那么，“我”是什么身份？“我”的“梦想”是什么呢？请给每个段落标上序号，勾画出含有“梦想”的句子。
2、马丁·路德·金主张以什么样的方式来实现梦想呢？
3、马丁·路德·金为什么会有这样的梦想呢？
4、当我们在读有关“梦想”的段落时，体会到作者什么样的情感？
5、《我有一个梦想》堪称演讲辞的经典之作，你觉得它何以获得如此盛誉，魅力何在？
第二篇：我有一个梦想 马丁.路德.金
Lesson 15 I Have A Dream by Martin Luther King
我有一个梦想 马丁.路德.金 I say to you today, my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream.It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this nation wil1 rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident;that all men are created equa1.”
I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former s1aveowners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood;I have a dream...That one day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice;I have a dream...That my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character;I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers;I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, and rough places will be made plane and crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.This is our hope.This is the faith that I go back to the South with.With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.With this faith we will be able to work together to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!
Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California!But not only that;let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!
Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.From every mountainside, let freedom ring!
root n.根 v.(使)扎根
creed n.信条
self-evident adj.不言而喻的brotherhood n.手足情谊
swelter v.(使)闷热
injustice n.不公平
oasis n.绿洲
vicious adj.恶毒的,不道德的racist n.种旅主义者
interposition n.插入
nullification n.废弃
exaltv.晋升
crooked adj.弯曲的glory n.荣誉
reveal v.揭露
hew v.砍
despair n.绝望
jangle v.刺耳作响 n.吵嚷
discord n.不一致, 不和谐
symphony n.交响乐
curvaceous adj.曲线美的slope n.斜坡
molehill n.山丘
mountainside n.山冈, 山腰
1963年8月28日 朋友们，今天我要对你们说，尽管今天和明天困难重重，但我依然怀有一个梦。这个梦深植于美国梦之中。
我梦想有一天，这个国家将会奋起，实现其立国信条的真谛：“我们认为这些真理不言而喻：人人生而平等。”
我梦想有一天，在佐治亚州的红色山冈上，昔日奴隶的儿子能够同昔日奴隶主的儿子同席而坐，亲如手足；
我梦想有一天甚至连密西西比州，一个非正义和压迫的热浪逼人的荒漠之州，也会改造成自由和公正的青青绿洲；
我梦想有一天,我的四个小儿女将生活在一个不是以肤色，而是以品格的优劣作为评判标准的国家里；我今天怀有一个梦。
我梦想有一天，亚拉巴马州会有所改变--尽管那儿种族主义者猖獗，尽管该州州长仍在滔滔不绝地说什么要对联邦法令提出异议和拒绝执行，但总有一天，那儿的黑人儿童能够与白人儿童兄弟姐妹般地携手并行；我今天怀有一个梦。我梦想有一天，深谷弥合，高山夷平，崎路化坦途，曲径成通衢，上帝的光华再现，普天下生灵共谒。
这就是我们的希望，这就是我将带回南方去的信念。有了这个信念，我们就能从绝望之山开采出希望之石。有了这个信念，我们就能把这个国家嘈杂刺耳的争吵声，变为充满手足之情的悦耳交响曲。有了这个信念，我们就能一同工作，一同祈祷，一同斗争，一同入狱，一同维护自由。因为我们知道，我们终有一天会获得自由。让自由之声响彻科罗拉多白雪皑皑的洛基山！让自由之声响彻加利福尼亚州的婀娜群峰！不，不仅如此；让自由之声响彻佐治亚州的石山！让自由之声响彻田纳西州的瞭望山！
让自由之声响彻密西西比州的一座座山峰，一个个土丘。让自由之声响彻每一个山冈！
第三篇：《我有一个梦想》——马丁.路德.金
Martin Luther King, Jr.: I Have a Dream
Delivered on the steps at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C.on August 28, 1963.Source: Martin Luther King, Jr: The peaceful Warrior, pocket Books, NY 1968
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand signed the Emancipation proclamation.This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice.It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity.But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free.One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination.One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity.One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land.So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition.In a sense we have come to our nations capital to cash a check.When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir.This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned.Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check which has come back marked insufficient funds.But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt.We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.So we have come to cash this check--a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now.This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism.Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice.Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of Gods children.Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the Negro.This sweltering summer of the Negros legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality.Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning.Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual.There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights.The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.But there is something that I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice.In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds.Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline.we must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence.Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force.The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom.We cannot walk alone.And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead.We cannot turn back.There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, When will you be satisfied? we can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities.We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negros basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one.We can never be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote.No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations.Some of you have come fresh from narrow cells.Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality.You have been the veterans of creative suffering.Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed.Let us not wallow in the valley of despair.I say to you today, my friends, that in spite of the difficulties and frustrations of the moment, I still have a dream.It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slaveowners will be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state, sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama, whose governors lips are presently dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, will be transformed into a situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers.I have a dream today.I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.This is our hope.This is the faith with which I return to the South.With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope.With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.This will be the day when all of Gods children will be able to sing with a new meaning, My country, tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing.Land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrims pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring.And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true.So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire.Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York.Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of pennsylvania!Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!Let freedom ring from the curvaceous peaks of California!But not only that;let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!Let freedom ring from every hill and every molehill of Mississippi.From every mountainside, let freedom ring.When we let freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of Gods children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, Free at last!free at last!thank God Almighty, we are free at last!
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第四篇：马丁·路德金演讲稿：《我有一个梦想》
GUIZHOU UNIVERSITY OF FINANCE AND ECONOMICS
马丁·路德·金 简介
马丁·路德·金（英语：Martin Luther King, Jr.，1929年1月15日－1968年4月4日），著名的美国民权运动领袖。1948年大学毕业。1948年到1951年间，在美国东海岸的费城继续深造。1963年，马丁·路德·金晋见了肯尼迪总统，要求通过新的民权法，给黑人以平等的权利。1963年8月28日在林肯纪念堂前发表《我有一个梦想》的演说。1964诺贝尔和平奖获得者。1968年4月，马丁·路德·金前往孟菲斯市领导工人罢工被人刺杀，年仅39岁。1986年起美国政府将每年1月的第三个星期一定为马丁路德金全国纪念日。
1929年1月15日，小马丁·路德·金出生在美国亚特兰大市奥本街501号，一幢维多利亚式的小楼里。他的父亲是牧师，母亲是教师。他从母亲那里学会了怎样去爱、同情和理解他人；从父亲那里学到了果敢、坚强、率直和坦诚。但他在黑人区生活，也感受到人格的尊严和作为黑人的痛苦。15岁时，聪颖好学的金以优异成绩进入摩尔豪斯学院攻读社会学，后获得文学学士学位。
尽管美国战后经济发展很快，强大的政治、军事力量使它登上了“自由世界”盟主的交椅。可国内黑人却在经济和政治上受到歧视与压迫。面对丑恶的现实，金立志为争取社会平等与正义作一名牧师。他先后就读于克拉泽神学院和波士顿大学，于1955年获神学博士学位后，到亚拉巴马州蒙哥马利市得克斯基督教浸礼会教堂作牧师。1955年12月，蒙哥马利节警察当局以违反公共汽车座位隔离条令为由，逮捕了黑人妇女罗莎·帕克斯。金遂同几位黑人积极分子组织起
College Of Tourism Management GUIZHOU UNIVERSITY OF FINANCE AND ECONOMICS
“蒙哥马利市政改进协会”，号召全市近5万名黑人对公共法与公司进行长达1年的抵制，迫使法院判决取消地方运输工具上的座位隔离。这是美国南部黑人第一次以自己的力量取得斗争胜利，从而揭开了持续10余年的民权运动的序幕，也使金博士锻炼成民权运动的领袖。
1968年4月4日，金被种族分子暗杀。
美国政府规定，从1986年起，每年1月的第3个星期一为小马丁·路德·金全国纪念日。
College Of Tourism Management
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