人教版八年级下册文言文测试题精编及答案

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第一篇:人教版八年级下册文言文测试题精编及答案

文言文检测题精编

一、选择下列加点字注音有误的一项是()(2分)A.叱咄.(duō)缥.碧(piǎo)弗之怠.(dài)为坻.(chí)B.烨.然(huá)泠.泠(líng)轩邈.(miǎo)浅鬣.(liâ)C.皲.裂(jūn)箪.瓢(dān)大庇.(bì)辄.尽(zhã)D.婵.娟(chán)伛偻.(lǚ)黔.娄(qián)汲.汲(jí)

二、选出下列语句与原文书写完全一致的一项是()(2分)

A.风烟具净,天山共色。从流飘荡,任意东西。

B.野芳发而幽香,佳木秀而繁阴,风霜高洁,水落而石出者,山间之四时也。

C.而或长烟一空,皓月千里,浮光跃金,静影沉璧,鱼歌互答,此乐何极!

D.当余之从师也,负箧曳屦行深山巨谷中。

三、选择加点字解释有误的一项是()(2分)A.至舍.(学舍,书馆)悄怆..幽邃(忧伤的样子)容臭.

(气味,臭味)B.铁未销.(销蚀)薄.暮冥冥(迫近)把.酒(端起)

C.期.在必醉(期望)伛偻..提携(腰背弯曲)甚.箭(快)

D.戾.天(至,到)土膏.微润(肥沃)何许.人(处所)

四、解释下列句中加点的词语(8分)1.绝: 百叫无绝().2.好:好鸟相鸣().率妻子邑人来此绝境().

望之蔚然而深秀者()冷光之.乍出于匣也().

五、写出下列语句中的通假字,在横线上写出通假宇、好.读书()3.至:礼愈至.()4)至.舍()而.不知()5.和:政通人和.()6陵胜状()

春和.景明()楼之大观.也()7.秀:佳木秀.而繁阴()8()

. 而:既醉而.退(足肤皲裂.观:予观.夫巴此则岳阳.乍:波色乍.明本字及读音。(6分)

1.窥谷忘反:

2.同舍生皆被绮绣:

3.食之不能尽其材:

4.其真无马邪: 5.玉盘珍馐直万钱:

6.属予作文以记之:

六、理解文言句意有误的一项是()(3分)A.横柯上蔽,在昼犹昏。

译文:横斜的树枝在上边遮蔽着,即使在白天,也像黄昏时那样昏暗。B.环滁皆山也。

译文:环滁这个地方到处都是山。C.潭西南而望,斗折蛇行,明灭可见。

译文:从小潭往西南方向远望,看到溪水像北斗星那样曲折,像蛇那样蜿蜒前行,时隐时现。D.览物之情,得无异乎?

译文:看了自然景物而触发的感情,怎能不有所不同呢?

七、文学常识填空(10分)

1.《醉翁亭记》的作者是

,朝

著名文学家、史学家,号

,又号。

2.《小石潭记》的作者是

,字子厚,代文学家,“

”之一。

3.《岳阳楼记》是

所作,选自《

》。

4.《满井游记》的作者是

,字中郎,号

,代

家,与其兄、其弟并称为“

”。5.《五柳先生传》是一篇(体裁),作者,是 代文学家,我们曾学过他的诗文、。

八、根据要求填空(10分)1.默写上下句。(5分)

(1)长风破浪会有时。(2),身世浮沉雨打萍。(3)瀚海阑干百丈冰,(4),蜡炬成灰泪始干。(5)不畏浮云遮望眼。2.苏轼在《水调歌头》中集中表达词人对亲人的怀念、祝愿和慰藉的词句是“。”词中蕴含人生哲理的句子是“。”(2分)

3.《饮酒》中点明主旨的句子是。4.《茅屋为秋风所破歌》一诗中作者抒发忧国忧民博大胸襟的著名诗句是。

5.《己亥杂诗》表达诗人昂扬向上、奋斗到底的倔强精神的千古名句是。

九、阅读

(一)世有伯乐,然后有千里马。千里马常有,而伯乐不常有。故虽有名马,祗辱于奴隶人之手,骈死于槽枥之间,不以千里称也。

马之千里者,一食或尽粟一石。食马者,不知其能千里而食也。是马也,虽有千里之能,食不饱,力不足,才美不外见,且欲与常马等不可得,安求其能千里也。

策之不以其道,食之不能尽其材,呜之而不能通其意,执策而临之,日:“天下无马。”呜呼!其真无马耶?其真

不知马也。1.用现代汉语译出下列两句话的意思。(4分)(1)且欲与常马等不可得,安求其能干里也。

(2)策之不以其道。

2.千里马有什么特点?(用原文回答)(2分)

3.表明造成千里马“欲与常马等不可得”原因的是哪句话?(2分)

4.“才美不外见”的根本原因是什么?(用原文回答)(2分)

5.“食马者不知其能千里而食也”的恶果是什么?(用原文回答)(2分)

6.第二段哪句话表达了作者对“食马者”的强烈谴责?(2分)

7.找出第三段中的中心句。(1分)

8.文章借有关伯乐与千里马的传说,将愚妄浅薄的封建统治者比作“ ”,而以“千里马”喻指,以“伯乐”喻指,讽喻和抨击的社会现象是。(4分)

(二)至于①负者歌于途,行者休于树,(A)前者呼,后者应,(B)往来而不绝着,滁游人也。②临溪而渔,溪深而鱼肥,酿泉为酒,泉香而酒冽,山肴野蔌,杂然而前陈着,太守宴也。③宴酣之乐,非丝非竹,射者中,弈者胜,(C)觥筹交错,起坐而喧哗者,众宾欢也。(D)④苍颜白发,颓然乎其间者,太守醉也。1.“伛偻提携”是从原文中抽出来的,它在文中的位置是()(2分)

A.(A)处 B.(B)处 C.(C)处 D.(D)处 2.下面对文中画线处文字意思的理解,不正确的一项是()(2分)

A.①处是说滁州游山人中间那些背着东西的人一边走一边唱歌。

B.②处是说太守宴上的酒食都产于当地,这也是游宴之乐的原因之一。

C.③处是说酒宴上的欢乐不在于音乐,而在于大家都能尽情的自娱自乐。

D.④处是说酒宴上大家都欢乐,惟独太守精神不振以致自饮自醉。

3.能表明本段内容的核心的一项是()(2分)A.滁人游 B.太守宴C.众宾欢 D.太守醉

4.对本段文字内容的概括,最准确的一项是()(2分)

A.写滁人游山太守相随的情形 B.写太守设宴众宾欢乐的情形 C.写滁人、宾客、太守游山的情形 D.写滁人、宾客、太守自醉的情形

5.对本段内容的理解错误的一项是()(2分)A.本段描写暗示了滁人生活安定富足。B.本段描写了太守与民同乐的场面。

C.本段刻画了一个嗜酒如命、整日沉迷于宴饮之中的太守形象。

D.本段暗示了太守与下属融洽、无拘无束的亲密关系。

(三)庆历四年春滕子京谪守巴陵郡。①越明年,政通人和,百废俱兴。乃重修岳阳楼,增其旧制,刻唐贤、今人诗赋于其上,嘱于作文以记之。

予观夫巴陵胜状,在洞庭一湖。________,________,__________,__________,__________,____________.此则岳阳楼之观也.前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡,南极潇、湘,迁客骚人,多会于此。览物之情,得无异乎?

嗟夫!予尝求古仁人之心,或异二者之为,何哉?不以物喜,不以己悲。②居庙堂之高则忧其民,处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧,退亦忧,然则何时而乐耶?其必曰: “先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”乎!噫!微斯人,吾谁与归!

1.在原文中默写出所缺的句子(2分)2.翻译加横线的句子(4分)①__________________________________________________

_____________________. ②

_______________________________________________________________________.

3.填空(14分)①岳阳楼与武汉的___________、南昌的__________合称为江南三大名楼。(1分)

②本文将叙事、写景、抒情、议论相结合.文章一开头以

叙事为主,记述了________________ __________________.然后由事入景,写在岳阳楼所见的自然形胜,触景生情,用一问句“__________________________?”自然引起下文所写的景不同,情亦不同,一喜一悲,形成鲜明对照.最后由情化理,进入议论.作者否定“迁客骚人”“览物之情”,提出了“________________________________________”的鲜明观点。(3分)

③从全文中找出一句概括描写岳阳楼上所见洞庭湖景色的句

子_____________________________________________________________________________________________________。作者对岳阳楼景色不作具体描写的原因是__________________________________________(用原文回答)(3分)

④“噫!微斯人,吾谁与归?”句中的“斯人”指的是_______________,这种人的忧乐观是______________________,_____________________.作者以此鞭策自己并勉励朋友。(3)⑤说说文中"进"与"退"的含义: 进:___________________________

退

:_____________________________(2)

4.一段中哪些词语突出了滕子京的政绩斐然?字里行间流露出作者的什么感情?(3分)

______________________________________________________________________________.

5.联系全文谈谈第二段末提到的"览物之情"包含哪些感情?它们的共同点是什么?(3分)

__________________________________________________________________________。

6.根据你的理解与积累,请举出一些中国历史上具有远大政治抱负和旷达胸襟的"古仁人"。(2分)

_______________________________________________________________________

7.古往今来,一些名楼往往成为诗人作家吟咏称颂的对象,以此来表达自身的思想感情,除了了范仲淹的《岳阳楼记》,你还读过哪些诗人作家写的楼的作品?请写出有关作家作品及主要诗句.(3分)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。

(四)愈(韩愈)之所为,不自知其至犹未也?虽然,学之二十余年矣。始者非三代两汉之书不敢观,非圣人之志不敢存,处若忘,行若遗,俨乎其若思,茫乎其著迷当其取于心而注于手也,惟陈言之务去,戛戛乎其难哉。其观于人,不知其非笑之为非笑也。如是者亦有年,犹不改,然后识古书之正伪,与虽正而不至焉者,昭昭然白黑分矣。而务去之,乃徐有得也。当其取于心而注于手也,汩汩然来矣。其观于人也,笑之则以为喜,誉之则以为忧,以其犹有人

之说者存也。如是者亦有年,然后浩乎其沛然矣。吾又惧其杂也,迎而距之,平心而察之,其皆醇也,然后肆 焉。虽然,不可以不养也,行之乎仁义之途,游之乎《诗》、《书》之源,无迷其够,无绝其源,终吾身而已矣。1.文中“始者非三代两汉之书不敢观”中的“三代”指的是()(2分)

A.有巢氏、燧人氏、伏羲氏 B.炎帝、黄帝、颛顼

C.夏、商、周 D.唐、虞、夏 2.文中有一句话千百年来为人们广泛引用,并几乎演化成为成语,这一句是()(2分)

A.处若忘,行若遗,俨乎其若思,茫乎其若迷 B.惟陈言之务去 C.然后浩乎其沛然矣 D.当其取于心而注人手也,汩汩然来矣 3.下列句中“之”的用法分类正确的一组是()(2分)

①不知其非笑之.为非笑也②而务去之.,乃徐有得也

③惟陈言之.务去④以其犹有人之.说者存也

⑤愈之.所为,不自知其至犹未也⑥誉之.则以为忧

⑦非圣人之.志不敢存⑧然后识古书之.正伪 A.①⑤/②⑥/④⑦⑧@ B.①⑥/③⑧/④⑦/②⑤ C.②⑥/①④/③⑧/⑤⑦ D.①⑤⑧/②⑥/④⑦/③

4.“不自知其至犹未也”的意思是。(2分)

5.这段文字的主旨是什么?(2分)

(五)晚游六桥待日记

西湖最盛,为春为月。一日之盛,为朝烟,为夕岚。今岁春雪甚盛,梅花为寒所勒,与杏桃相次开放,尤为奇观。石篑数为余言:“傅金吾园中梅,张功甫玉照堂故物也。急往观之!”余时为桃花所恋,竟不忍去湖上。由断桥至苏堤一带,绿烟红雾,弥漫二十余里。歌吹为风,粉汗为雨。罗纨之盛,多于堤畔之草,艳冶极矣。然杭人游湖,止午、未、申三时。其实湖光染翠之工,山岚设色之妙,皆在朝日始出,夕春未下,始极其浓媚。月景尤不可言。花态柳情,山容水意,别是一种趣味。此乐留与山僧游客受用,安可为俗士道哉。

1.说出下列句子的意思。(4分)

(1)梅花为寒所勒、与杏桃相次开发,尤为奇观。

(2)花态柳情,山容水意,别是一种趣味。

2.友人邀作者去赏梅,作者为什么没去?(2分)

3.西湖最妩媚动人的景色是在什么时刻?(2分)

4.“歌吹为风,粉汗为雨”是指什么?(2分)

5.“安可为俗士道哉”这句话如何理解?(2分)

【参考答案】

一、B(“烨”字的读音为“yâ”,“泠泠”的读音为“líng”。)

二、B(B中“觥”应为“觞”,C中“暮”应为“慕”,D“屦”应为“屣”。)

三、A(“臭”的意思与今义不同,应为“香气”。)

四、1. 停 与世隔绝2.美丽的,形容词 喜爱,动词3.周到 到了 4.顺接连词,不译 转折连词,可译为“却、可是”等5.和乐和煦

6.看景象

7.滋长秀丽 8.初,始突然

五、1.反通返,fǎn 2.被通披,pī 3.食通饲,sí;材通才,cái 4.邪通耶,yã 5.直通值,zhí6.属通嘱,zhǔ

六、B(“环”意思是“环绕”。正确的译文是:滁州城的四面都是山。)

七、1.欧阳修

宋 醉翁 六一居士 2.柳宗元 唐 唐宋八大家

3.宋

范仲淹

范文正公集

4.袁宏道 石公

明 文学

公安三袁5.传记 陶渊明 晋 《归园田居》 《桃花源记》

八、略

九、(一)1.(1)况且想和普通马一样都达不到,怎么能让它日行千里呢?(2)鞭打它不按照(驱使千里马)的正确方法。2.一食或尽粟一石。3.食马者不知其能千里而食也。4.食马者不知其能千里而食也。5.食不饱,力不足。6.且欲与常马等不可得,安求其能千里也。7.其真不知马也。8.食马者封建社会那些被埋没、被摧残、怀才不遇的贤能志士能识别人才的封建统治者统治者不能识别和选拔人才,致使众多有识之士埋没于世。(二)1.B 2.D(太守是因不善饮酒而醉,并非因精神不振而喝醉。)3.D(注意核心内容是能表明主旨的内容,并不一定是文字篇幅最多的内容。)

4.C(概括要全面、准确。)5.C(太守不是自甘堕落、无所作为的人物形象。)

(三)1.略2.略

3.①黄鹤楼,滕王阁.②重修岳阳楼和作"记"之事;适客骚人,多会于此,览物之情,得无一乎;一悲一喜;以物喜,以已悲;先天下之忧而忧,生天下之乐而乐.③衔远

山........气象万千;前人之述备矣;⑤古仁人;先天下之忧而忧,生天下之乐而乐④.在朝做官;辞官归乡 4.通,和,兴.对好友遭贬谪后仍积极治理政事并取得政绩十分赞赏

5.一悲一喜的两种感情;共同点:都是以人个荣辱为转移的悲喜观

6.孟了,屈原,杜甫

7.王勃《滕王阁序》:落霞与孤骛齐飞,秋水共长天一色

王昌龄《芙蓉楼送辛渐》 崔颢《黄鹤楼》

(四)1.C 2.B 3.A 4.不知道究竟是到达了还是没有到达那一境界 5.强调写作的关键问题是加强根本,这个根本就是“仁义”和《诗》《书》,也就是我们所说的世界观和思想修养,有“道”才有“文”,韩愈在这里弘扬的就是“文以载道”。

(五)1.(1)梅花被寒气所逼,与杏花、桃花相继次第开放,(这是)最为奇妙的景观。(2)花的娇态,柳枝的柔情,山的容颜,水的情意,(真是)别有一番情趣。

2.作者因迷恋着湖上的桃花,舍不得离开。3.在红日始出,夕阳未下的朝暮之时。4.指西湖那时有许多乐师为游人演奏助兴,有许多美女。5.沉迷于功利的人不能欣赏这种景致。同时,也表现出文人的清高自负。

第二篇:人教版八年级下册文言文测试题及答案(小编推荐)

八年级下册

文言文检测题

一、选择下列加点字注音有误的一项是()(2分)

A.叱咄.(duō)缥.碧(piǎo)弗之怠.(dài)为坻.(chí)B.烨.然(huá)泠.泠(líng)轩邈.(miǎo)浅鬣.(liâ)C.皲.裂(jūn)箪.瓢(dān)大庇.(bì)辄.尽(zhã)D.婵.娟(chán)伛偻.(lǚ)黔.娄(qián)汲.

汲(jí)

二、选出下列语句与原文书写完全一致的一项是()(2分)

A.风烟具净,天山共色。从流飘荡,任意东西。

B.野芳发而幽香,佳木秀而繁阴,风霜高洁,水落而石出者,山间之四时也。C.而或长烟一空,皓月千里,浮光跃金,静影沉璧,鱼歌互答,此乐何极!D.当余之从师也,负箧曳屦行深山巨谷中。

三、选择加点字解释有误的一项是()(2分)

A.至舍.(学舍,书馆)悄怆..幽邃(忧伤的样子)容臭.(气味,臭味)B.铁未销.(销蚀)薄.暮冥冥(迫近)把.酒(端起)C.期.在必醉(期望)伛偻..提携(腰背弯曲)甚.箭(快)D.戾.天(至,到)土膏.微润(肥沃)何许.

人(处所)

四、解释下列句中加点的词语(8分)

1.绝: 百叫无绝.()2.好:好.鸟相鸣()率妻子邑人来此绝.境()好.读书()3.至:礼愈至.()4. 而:既醉而.退()至.舍()足肤皲裂而.不知()5.和:政通人和.()6.观:予观.夫巴陵胜状()春和.景明()此则岳阳楼之大观.也()7.秀:佳木秀.而繁阴()8.乍:波色乍.明()望之蔚然而深秀.者()冷光之乍.出于匣也()

五、写出下列语句中的通假字,在横线上写出通假宇、本字及读音。(6分)1.窥谷忘反:2.同舍生皆被绮绣:3.食之不能尽其材:

4.其真无马邪:5.玉盘珍馐直万钱:6.属予作文以记之:

六、理解文言句意有误的一项是()(3分)

A.横柯上蔽,在昼犹昏。

译文:横斜的树枝在上边遮蔽着,即使在白天,也像黄昏时那样昏暗。B.环滁皆山也。

译文:环滁这个地方到处都是山。C.潭西南而望,斗折蛇行,明灭可见。

译文:从小潭往西南方向远望,看到溪水像北斗星那样曲折,像蛇那样蜿蜒前行,时隐时现。

D.览物之情,得无异乎?

译文:看了自然景物而触发的感情,怎能不有所不同呢?

七、文学常识填空(10分)

1.《醉翁亭记》的作者是,朝著名文学家、史学家,号,又号。

2.《小石潭记》的作者是,字子厚,代文学家,“”

之一。

3.《岳阳楼记》是朝所作,选自《》。

4.《满井游记》的作者是,字中郎,号,代

家,与其兄、其弟并称为“”。

5.《五柳先生传》是一篇(体裁),作者,是代文学家,我们曾学过他的诗文、。

八、根据要求填空(10分)

1.默写上下句。(5分)

(1)长风破浪会有时。(2),身世浮沉雨打萍。(3)瀚海阑干百丈冰,(4),蜡炬成灰泪始干。(5)不畏浮云遮望眼。

2.苏轼在《水调歌头》中集中表达词人对亲人的怀念、祝愿和慰藉的词句是“。”词中蕴含人生哲理的句子是“。”(2分)

3.《饮酒》中点明主旨的句子是。

4.《茅屋为秋风所破歌》一诗中作者抒发忧国忧民博大胸襟的著名诗句是。

5.《己亥杂诗》表达诗人昂扬向上、奋斗到底的倔强精神的千古名句是。

九、阅读

(一)世有伯乐,然后有千里马。千里马常有,而伯乐不常有。故虽有名马,祗辱于奴隶人之手,骈死于槽枥之间,不以千里称也。

马之千里者,一食或尽粟一石。食马者,不知其能千里而食也。是马也,虽有千里之能,食不饱,力不足,才美不外见,且欲与常马等不可得,安求其能千里也。

策之不以其道,食之不能尽其材,呜之而不能通其意,执策而临之,日:“天下无马。”呜呼!其真无马耶?其真不知马也。

1.用现代汉语译出下列两句话的意思。(4分)

(1)且欲与常马等不可得,安求其能干里也。

(2)策之不以其道。

2.千里马有什么特点?(用原文回答)(2分)

3.表明造成千里马“欲与常马等不可得”原因的是哪句话?(2分)

4.“才美不外见”的根本原因是什么?(用原文回答)(2分)

5.“食马者不知其能千里而食也”的恶果是什么?(用原文回答)(2分)

6.第二段哪句话表达了作者对“食马者”的强烈谴责?(2分)

7.找出第三段中的中心句。(1分)

8.文章借有关伯乐与千里马的传说,将愚妄浅薄的封建统治者比作“”,而以“千里马”喻指,以“伯乐”喻指,讽喻和抨击的社会现象是。(4分)

(二)至于①负者歌于途,行者休于树,(A)前者呼,后者应,(B)往来而不绝着,滁游人也。②临溪而渔,溪深而鱼肥,酿泉为酒,泉香而酒冽,山肴野蔌,杂然而前陈着,太守宴也。③宴酣之乐,非丝非竹,射者中,弈者胜,(C)觥筹交错,起坐而喧哗者,众宾

欢也。(D)④苍颜白发,颓然乎其间者,太守醉也。

1.“伛偻提携”是从原文中抽出来的,它在文中的位置是()(2分)A.(A)处B.(B)处C.(C)处D.(D)处

2.下面对文中画线处文字意思的理解,不正确的一项是()(2分)A.①处是说滁州游山人中间那些背着东西的人一边走一边唱歌。B.②处是说太守宴上的酒食都产于当地,这也是游宴之乐的原因之一。C.③处是说酒宴上的欢乐不在于音乐,而在于大家都能尽情的自娱自乐。D.④处是说酒宴上大家都欢乐,惟独太守精神不振以致自饮自醉。3.能表明本段内容的核心的一项是()(2分)A.滁人游B.太守宴C.众宾欢D.太守醉

4.对本段文字内容的概括,最准确的一项是()(2分)A.写滁人游山太守相随的情形B.写太守设宴众宾欢乐的情形C.写滁人、宾客、太守游山的情形D.写滁人、宾客、太守自醉的情形

5.对本段内容的理解错误的一项是()(2分)A.本段描写暗示了滁人生活安定富足。B.本段描写了太守与民同乐的场面。

C.本段刻画了一个嗜酒如命、整日沉迷于宴饮之中的太守形象。D.本段暗示了太守与下属融洽、无拘无束的亲密关系。

(三)庆历四年春滕子京谪守巴陵郡。①越明年,政通人和,百废俱兴。乃重修岳阳楼,增其旧制,刻唐贤、今人诗赋于其上,嘱于作文以记之。

予观夫巴陵胜状,在洞庭一湖。________,________,__________,__________,__________,____________.此则岳阳楼之观也.前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡,南极潇、湘,迁客骚人,多会于此。览物之情,得无异乎?

嗟夫!予尝求古仁人之心,或异二者之为,何哉?不以物喜,不以己悲。②居庙堂之高则忧其民,处江湖之远则忧其君。是进亦忧,退亦忧,然则何时而乐耶?其必曰: “先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐”乎!噫!微斯人,吾谁与归!1.在原文中默写出所缺的句子(2分)2.翻译加横线的句子(4分)

①_______________________________________________________________________. ②_______________________________________________________________________. 3.填空(14分)

①岳阳楼与武汉的___________、南昌的__________合称为江南三大名楼。(1分)

②本文将叙事、写景、抒情、议论相结合.文章一开头以叙事为主,记述了________________ __________________.然后由事入景,写在岳阳楼所见的自然形胜,触景生情,用一问句“__________________________?”自然引起下文所写的景不同,情亦不同,一喜一悲,形成鲜明对照.最后由情化理,进入议论.作者否定“迁客骚人”“览物之情”,提出了“________________________________________”的鲜明观点。(3分)

③从全文中找出一句概括描写岳阳楼上所见洞庭湖景色的句子_____________________________________________________________________________________________________。作者对岳阳楼景色不作具体描写的原因是__________________________________________(用原文回答)(3分)

④“噫!微斯人,吾谁与归?”句中的“斯人”指的是_______________,这种人的忧乐观是______________________,_____________________.作者以此鞭策自己并勉励朋友。(3)⑤说说文中"进"与"退"的含义:

进:___________________________退:_____________________________(2)4.一段中哪些词语突出了滕子京的政绩斐然?字里行间流露出作者的什么感情?(3分)______________________________________________________________________________.

5.联系全文谈谈第二段末提到的"览物之情"包含哪些感情?它们的共同点是什么?(3

分)

__________________________________________________________________________。6.根据你的理解与积累,请举出一些中国历史上具有远大政治抱负和旷达胸襟的"古仁人"。(2分)

_______________________________________________________________________ 7.古往今来,一些名楼往往成为诗人作家吟咏称颂的对象,以此来表达自身的思想感情,除了了范仲淹的《岳阳楼记》,你还读过哪些诗人作家写的楼的作品?请写出有关作家作品及主要诗句.(3分)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。

(四)愈(韩愈)之所为,不自知其至犹未也?虽然,学之二十余年矣。始者非三代两汉之书不敢观,非圣人之志不敢存,处若忘,行若遗,俨乎其若思,茫乎其著迷当其取于心而注于手也,惟陈言之务去,戛戛乎其难哉。其观于人,不知其非笑之为非笑也。如是者亦有年,犹不改,然后识古书之正伪,与虽正而不至焉者,昭昭然白黑分矣。而务去之,乃徐有得也。当其取于心而注于手也,汩汩然来矣。其观于人也,笑之则以为喜,誉之则以为忧,以其犹有人之说者存也。如是者亦有年,然后浩乎其沛然矣。吾又惧其杂也,迎而距之,平心而察之,其皆醇也,然后肆焉。虽然,不可以不养也,行之乎仁义之途,游之乎《诗》、《书》之源,无迷其够,无绝其源,终吾身而已矣。

1.文中“始者非三代两汉之书不敢观”中的“三代”指的是()(2分)A.有巢氏、燧人氏、伏羲氏B.炎帝、黄帝、颛顼C.夏、商、周D.唐、虞、夏

2.文中有一句话千百年来为人们广泛引用,并几乎演化成为成语,这一句是()(2分)A.处若忘,行若遗,俨乎其若思,茫乎其若迷B.惟陈言之务去C.然后浩乎其沛然矣D.当其取于心而注人手也,汩汩然来矣

3.下列句中“之”的用法分类正确的一组是()(2分)

①不知其非笑之.为非笑也②而务去之.,乃徐有得也③惟陈言之.务去④以其犹有人之.说者存也⑤愈之.所为,不自知其至犹未也⑥誉之.

则以为忧

⑦非圣人之志不敢存⑧然后识古书之正伪 ..A.①⑤/②⑥/④⑦⑧@B.①⑥/③⑧/④⑦/②⑤C.②⑥/①④/③⑧/⑤⑦D.①⑤⑧/②⑥/④⑦/③

4.“不自知其至犹未也”的意思是。(2分)

5.这段文字的主旨是什么?(2分)

(五)晚游六桥待日记

西湖最盛,为春为月。一日之盛,为朝烟,为夕岚。今岁春雪甚盛,梅花为寒所勒,与杏桃相次开放,尤为奇观。石篑数为余言:“傅金吾园中梅,张功甫玉照堂故物也。急往观之!”余时为桃花所恋,竟不忍去湖上。由断桥至苏堤一带,绿烟红雾,弥漫二十余里。歌吹为风,粉汗为雨。罗纨之盛,多于堤畔之草,艳冶极矣。然杭人游湖,止午、未、申三时。其实湖光染翠之工,山岚设色之妙,皆在朝日始出,夕春未下,始极其浓媚。月景尤不可言。花态柳情,山容水意,别是一种趣味。此乐留与山僧游客受用,安可为俗士道哉。

1.说出下列句子的意思。(4分)

(1)梅花为寒所勒、与杏桃相次开发,尤为奇观。

(2)花态柳情,山容水意,别是一种趣味。

2.友人邀作者去赏梅,作者为什么没去?(2分)

3.西湖最妩媚动人的景色是在什么时刻?(2分)

4.“歌吹为风,粉汗为雨”是指什么?(2分)

5.“安可为俗士道哉”这句话如何理解?(2分)

【参考答案】

一、B(“烨”字的读音为“yâ”,“泠泠”的读音为“líng”。)

二、B(B中“觥”应为“觞”,C中“暮”应为“慕”,D“屦”应为“屣”。)

三、A(“臭”的意思与今义不同,应为“香气”。)

四、1.停与世隔绝2.美丽的,形容词喜爱,动词3.周到到了4.顺接连词,不译转折连词,可译为“却、可是”等5.和乐和煦6.看景象7.滋长秀丽 8.初,始突然

五、1.反通返,fǎn2.被通披,pī3.食通饲,sí;材通才,cái4.邪通耶,yã 5.直通值,zhí6.属通嘱,zhǔ

六、B(“环”意思是“环绕”。正确的译文是:滁州城的四面都是山。)

七、1.欧阳修宋 醉翁 六一居士 2.柳宗元 唐 唐宋八大家3.宋

范仲淹范文正公集4.袁宏道 石公明 文学公安三袁5.传记陶渊明晋《归园田居》《桃花源记》

八、略

九、(一)1.(1)况且想和普通马一样都达不到,怎么能让它日行千里呢?(2)鞭打它不按照(驱使千里马)的正确方法。2.一食或尽粟一石。3.食马者不知其能千里而食也。4.食马者不知其能千里而食也。5.食不饱,力不足。6.且欲与常马等不可得,安求其能千里也。7.其真不知马也。8.食马者封建社会那些被埋没、被摧残、怀才不遇的贤能志士能识别人才的封建统治者统治者不能识别和选拔人才,致使众多有识之士埋没于世。

(二)1.B 2.D(太守是因不善饮酒而醉,并非因精神不振而喝醉。)3.D

(注意核心内容是能表明主旨的内容,并不一定是文字篇幅最多的内容。)4.C(概括要全面、准确。)5.C(太守不是自甘堕落、无所作为的人物形象。)

(三)1.略2.略

3.①黄鹤楼,滕王阁.②重修岳阳楼和作"记"之事;适客骚人,多会于此,览物之情,得无一乎;一悲一喜;以物喜,以已悲;先天下之忧而忧,生天下之乐而乐.③衔远山........气象万千;前人之述备矣;⑤古仁人;先天下之忧而忧,生天下之乐而乐④.在朝做官;辞官归乡

4.通,和,兴.对好友遭贬谪后仍积极治理政事并取得政绩十分赞赏 5.一悲一喜的两种感情;共同点:都是以人个荣辱为转移的悲喜观 6.孟了,屈原,杜甫 7.王勃《滕王阁序》:落霞与孤骛齐飞,秋水共长天一色

王昌龄《芙蓉楼送辛渐》 崔颢《黄鹤楼》

(四)1.C 2.B 3.A 4.不知道究竟是到达了还是没有到达那一境界5.强

调写作的关键问题是加强根本,这个根本就是“仁义”和《诗》《书》,也就是我们所说的世界观和思想修养,有“道”才有“文”,韩愈在这里弘扬的就是“文以载道”。

(五)1.(1)梅花被寒气所逼,与杏花、桃花相继次第开放,(这是)最为奇妙的景观。(2)花的娇态,柳枝的柔情,山的容颜,水的情意,(真是)别有一番情趣。

2.作者因迷恋着湖上的桃花,舍不得离开。3.在红日始出,夕阳未下的朝暮之时。4.指西湖那时有许多乐师为游人演奏助兴,有许多美女。5.沉迷于功利的人不能欣赏这种景致。同时,也表现出文人的清高自负。

第三篇:2012八年级英语下册期末测试题及答案

2011八年级英语下册第期末测试

一、单项选择:20分

()1.I ___ think there ____ more pollution.A./, won’t beB.don’t, will beC./, won’t haveD.don’t, have

()2.I’m going to be a doctor ____ five years.A.afterB.duringC.inD.for

()3.You always say ____ words as our teacher.A.so B.asC.the D.the same

()4.She has ____ to buy a car.A.money enoughB.many moneyC.enough moneyD.a few money

()5.Is there ____ in the classroom now?

A.someone elseB.else someoneC.anyone elseD.else anyone

()6.___the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.A.WhileB.WhenC.WhatD.Where

()7.This book is very ___ and I am ____ in it.A.interest, interestB.interesting, interested

C.interested, interestingD.interested, interested

()8.–Could you please tell me ____?-It’s next to the post office.A.where is the supermarketB.where the supermarket is

C.where was the supermarketD.where the supermarket was

()9.I want to know if he _____ tomorrow.If he _____, let me know.A.come, comesB.will come, comes

C.comes, will comeD.will come, will come

()10.Tom asked me _____ him a book.A.giveB.to giveC.givingD.gave

()11.–How long has the weather been like this?-______.A.Until last nightB.Since last nightC.Two days agoD.Two days later

()12.The boy always stays there for ____.A.one and half hourB.one and a half

C.one and a half hourD.one and a half hours

()13.It’s too hot.Would you mind ____ the door? A.to openB.openingC.opensD.opened

()14.He often helps me ____ my English.A.onB.withC.atD.in

()15.The young man is _____ to carry the heavy stone.A.enoughB.too strongC.so strongD.strong enough

()16.-____do you ____ the movie?-Very good.A.What, thinkB.What, likeC.What, think ofD.How, think of

()17.Have you ever ____ Fun Time Amusement Park?

A.gone toB.been toC.beenD.went

()18.Jim likes playing ____ piano after school.A.aB.theC./D.on

()19.He’d like ____ a famous singer.A.beB.beingC.to beD.been

()20.There is _____ water left, is there?A.a littleB.littleC.a fewD.few

二、完型填空:20分 eyes.HertheNow they needn’t They don’t have topay for books and other things.Some of them can even get money from the families are very happy with the news.It is 30 great.()21.A.withB.onC.toD.in

()22.A.sayingB.tellingC.speakingD.talking

()23.A.go to workB.go to bedC.go to schoolD.go home

()24.A.a lotB.lot ofC.a lot ofD.much

()25.A.schoolsB.citiesC.housesD.families

()26.A.payB.takeC.buyD.lend

()27.A.teachersB.girlsC.boysD.all the children

()28.A.look upB.turn onC.worry aboutD.make sure

()29.betterB.shorterC.longerD.worse

()30.A.notB.neverC.hardlyD.really

三、阅读理解:4 0分

A.One day an Australian farmer, Joe, saw a bright light in the sky.The light came nearer and nearer and suddenly Joe saw that it wasa spaceship.The spaceship landed in a field nearby.The door of the spaceship opened and two strange beings(怪物)climbed out.They seemed to be half man and half bird.Joe was afraid of them.He tried to run away.But the spacemen walked towards him, picked him up and carried him into the spaceship.They asked him questions about Earth.“We’ re from Venus(金星),”they said, “but it is getting very hot there.Alot of our people are dying and we haven’ t much time left.We are trying to find a new home.” After some time they freed Joe and at last the space-ship took off and could not be seen.Joe told his friends about the spacemen, but no one believed(相信)his story.“You will believe me one day”, Joe told them.“The spacemen will come back...”

()31.The bright light in the sky was______.A.the sunB.VenusC.a machine D.a spaceship

()32.The strange beings came to Earth to______.A.visit JoeB.catch JoeC.find a new homeD.live with Joe

()33.Joe was ______the spaceship.A.invited toB.afraid ofC.carried intoD.happy to get into

()34.The strange beings ______before they let him go.A.had asked Joe to mend their machineB.had asked Joe several questions

C.had given Joe some wiresD.had made Joe help them find a new place

()35.People didn’ t believe Joe because______.A.he told a lieB.it hadn’ t been seen before

C.they didn’t welcome the strange beingsD.they wanted to see the strange beings very much

B.Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today.People didn’t have modern machines.Life today has brought new problems.One of the biggest is pollution.Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty.It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water, noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily.Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.It’s bad to all living things in the world.Polluted air from cars, planes and factories is to thick that it is like a quilt(被子)over a city.This kind of quilt is called smog(烟雾).Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away.And they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air.We need to do many other things.We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground.We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car, if there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.Rules are not enough, every person must help to fight pollution.()36.Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because _____.A.there were fewer modern machines at that time than today.B.people didn’t like to use modern medicines.C.there were no modern machines at all.D.there were not so many people

()37.What is the biggest problem in today’s life?

A.Dirty water.B.Smog.C.Noise.D.Pollution.()38.The most serious kind of pollution is ______.A.noise pollutionB.air pollutionC.water pollutionD.from waste things

()39.Factories must clean their water ______.A.before they use it B.when they use it C.after i t is thrown away D.before it is thrown away

()40.From the passage we know that ____.A.a few years ago, there was no smog at all

B.today people don’t have to talk to each other in a loud voice

C.we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes

D.people are making rules in order to fight pollution

C.Do you know why different animals or pests(昆虫)have their special colors? Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.Some birds like eating locusts(蝗虫), but birds cannot easily catch them.Why? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of colors of crops(庄稼).When crops are green, locusts look green.But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have.Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others.So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves.Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests.They cannot be easily seen by hunters(猎人).This is because they have the colors much like the trees.Have you ever noticed an even stranger act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid(液体)when it faces danger.While the liquid spreads over(散开), its enemies(敌人)cannot find it.And it immediately swims away.So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.()41.From the passage we learn that locusts _______.A.are small animalsB.are easily found by birds

C.are dangerous to their enemiesD.change their colors to protect themselves

()42.How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger?

A.They run away quickly.B.They have the colors much like their enemies.C.They hide themselves by day and appear at night.D.They have to move quietly.()43.Bears and lions can keep safe because _______.A.they have the colors much like the treesB.they move quietly

C.they like brown and gray colorsD.they live in forests

()44.Why can the kind of fish live up to now?

A.Because it is very strong.B.Because the liquid it sends out can help it escape from its enemies

C.Because the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies.D.Because it swims faster than any other fish.()45.Which is the best title for this passage?

A.The Change of Colors for Animals and PestsB.Colors of Different Animals and Pests

C.The Main Use of Colors for Animals and PestsD.Some Animals and Pests

D.Paper was first made in the year 105.It was made by a Chinese named Cai Lun.For over 500 years

paper was made only in China.People in Japan learned of paper around the year 600.As years went by, people in other places began to make paper.The lead(铅)pencil is not made of lead.It is made of graphite(石墨).People found graphite in 1564.They thought it was a kind of lead.Today we still call pencils “lead pencils”.The first pencils were made by putting strings(线)around sticks of graphite.The first wooden pencils were made by Kasper Faber in Germany in 1761.Erasers like those we use today were first made in France by a man named Magellan in 1752.It was Hyman L.Lipman who first put eraser on the ends of pencils.And that is how the pencils came to be.()46.How many years earlier was paper made in China than in Japan?

A.About 100 years.B.About 400 years.C.More than 500 years.D.495 years.()47.Germans made paper ______.A.earlier than JapanB.later than JapanC.as early as JapanD.as late as Japan

()48.At first pencils were made of ______.A.woodB.leadC.sticksD.string and graphite

()49.Kasper Faber was ____.A.an EnglishmanB.a FrenchmanC.a GermanD.an American

()50.Which of the following statements is NOT true

A.The first wooden pencils were made in Germany.B.Graphite isn’t a kind of lead.C.Paper was first made in China.D.Hyman L.Lipman made the first erasers.五、句型转换:10分

51.My mother said to me, “Don’t go alone at night.”(改为简单句)

My mother told me go alone at night.(对划线部分提问)

the Browns to China?

53.Mr.Fat has few good friends.(改为反意疑问句)

Mr.Fat has few good friends, 54.My home is about twenty minutes by bike.(改为同义句)

Itme twenty minutesthere from my house by bike.55.It’s a good idea.(改为感叹句)

Howis!

六、书面表达:10分

Love for My Parents

提示:爸爸妈妈给了你无限的爱,你肯定把这份深情牢记在心。而你是否曾用适当的方式表

达过你对爸爸妈妈的爱呢?

要求:

1.根据所给题目,用英语写一篇短文,记叙你为爸爸或妈妈做的一件事,以表达你对他 们的情感。词数不少于60。

2.语言流畅,书写规范,卷面整洁。文中不得使用真实人名、校名,否则以零分计。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案

1-5: BCDC C6-10: ABBBB11-15: BDBBB16-20: CBBCB

21-25:ABCCD26-30: ABCAD31-35: DCBBB36-40: CDBDD

41-45: DCABC46-50: CBDCD

51.not to

52.When did;come53.does he54.takes;to go55.good the ide

第四篇:八年级语文下册期末测试题及答案

八年级(下)期末语文试题

一、积累(15分)

1、根据拼音写出汉字(2分)

gù míngsīyìqiǎochuàngyōusuì

2、下列词语中加点字注音全都正确的一项是()(1分)

A.驿站(yì)细菌(jǔn)酷肖(xiào)逍遥法外(xiāo)

B.眼翳(yì)脊背(jí)污秽(huì)啮齿动物(niè)

C,胡髭(zī)粗劣(liè)胭脂(zhī)目光灼灼(zhuï)

D.滞留(zhì)锃亮(chéng)甲胄(zhîu)广袤无垠(mào。)

3、郭沫若在《雷电颂》中,高尔基在散文诗《海燕》中.都写了风雷电但两者的象征意义不同。以下说法正确的一项是()(2分)

A.民族心理不同。俄国与中国的国情不同,高尔基用雷电象征正义的力量,郭沫若则用它象征黑暗势力。

B.象征体与本体之间的联系并不是一成不变的,象征体的特征也不是单一的。作品的题材、主题、作家的写作角度不同,象征体的象征意义便可以随之不同。

C.标题不同,主题也不同。高尔基歌颂的是海燕,对立面自然是雷电,郭沫若则是直接歌颂雷电。

D.时代不同。高尔基写《海燕》是在1901年,而郭沫若写《雷电颂》则是在1942年。

4、写出描写醉翁亭四季景色的句子,。(2分)

5.按原文填空

安得广厦千万间,!。呜呼!何时。(2分)

6、《白雪歌送武判官归京》一诗中夸张地描写胡地异常寒冷的诗句是:。(2分)

7、《过零丁洋》的千古名句是:,(1分)

8、苏轼在《水调歌头》中集中表达词人对亲人的怀念、祝愿和慰藉的词句是,词中蕴含人生哲理的句子是,(2分)

9、《赤壁》一诗中作者抒发感慨的诗句是,(1分)

二、阅读(45分)

(一)阅读下面的文段,回答文后10—12题(19分)

予观夫巴陵胜状,在洞庭一湖。衔远山,吞长江,浩浩汤汤,横无际涯;朝晖夕阴,气象万千。此则岳阳楼之大观也。前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡,南极潇湘,迁客骚人,多会于此,览物之情,得无异乎?

若夫霎雨霏霏,连月不开,阴风怒号,浊浪排空;日至隐耀,山岳潜形;商旅不行,樯倾楫摧;薄暮冥冥,虎啸猿啼。登斯楼也,则有去国怀乡,忧馋畏讥,满目萧然,感极而悲者矣。

10、解释加点的词(2分)。

胜:涯:备:极:

11、文中写洞庭湖广阔浩淼的语句是:(2分)

12.第一段中结束写景的语句是:,这句话与第一段中相照应?(2分)

13.第一段中,哪句话从时间上表现岳阳楼景物的变化多端?(1分)

14.文中运用了哪些修辞手法?(1分)

15.第一段文字的写作顺序是()。(1分)

A.先叙事,后写景B.先写景,后叙事

c.先写景,后议论D.先议论,后写景

16.翻译下列句子。(6分)

(1)览物之情,得无异乎?(2分)

(2)登斯楼也,则有去国怀乡,忧馋畏讥,满目萧然,感极而悲者矣。(4分)

17.上文的作者是朝的家家,他认为“迁客骚人”的做法不可取,联系全文,说说他认为古代圣贤的做法是,从而表明了他的伟大抱负是。(4分)

(二)阅读下面的文段,回答文后18—22题(13分)

你必须有一样是出色的很久以前,德国一家电视台推出高薪征集“10秒钟惊险镜头”活动。在诸多的参赛作品中,一个名叫“卧倒”的镜头以绝对的优势夺得了冠军。

拍摄这10秒钟镜头的作者是一个名不见经传刚刚踏入工作岗位的年轻人,而其他参赛选手多是一些在圈内很有名气的大家。所以这个10秒钟镜头一时引起轰动。几个星期以后,获奖作品在电视的强档栏目中播出。那天晚上,大部分人都坐在电视前边观看了这组镜头,10秒钟后,每一双眼睛里都是泪水,可以毫不夸张地说,德国在那10秒钟后足足肃静了10分钟。

镜头是这样的:在一个小火车站,一个扳道工正走向自己的岗位,去为一列徐徐而来的火车扳动道岔。这时在轨铁的另一头,还有一列火车从相反的方向驶近小站。假如他不及时扳道岔,两列火车必定相撞,造成的损失。

这时,他无意中回过头一看,发现自己的儿子正在铁轨那一端玩耍,而那列开始进站的火车就行驶在这条铁轨上。

抢救儿子或避免一场灾难——他可以选择的时间太少了。那一刻,他地朝儿子喊了一声:“卧倒!”同时,冲过去扳动了道岔。

一眨眼的工夫,这列火车进入了预定的轨道。

那一边,火车也呼啸而过。车上的旅客丝毫不知道,他们的生命曾经,他们也丝毫不知道,一个小生命卧倒在铁轨边上——火车轰鸣着驶过铁轨边上,丝毫无伤。那一幕刚好被一个从此经过的记者摄入镜头中。

人们猜测,那个扳道工一定是一个非常优秀的人。后来,人们才渐渐知道,那个扳道工是一个普普通通的人。许多记者在进一步的采访中了解到,他惟一的优点就

是,从没迟到、早退、旷工或误工过一秒钟。

这个消息几乎震住了每一个人,而更让人意想不到的是,他的儿子是一个弱智儿童。他告诉记者,他曾一遍一遍地告诫儿子说:“你长大后能干的工作太少了,你必须有一样是出色的。”儿子听不懂父亲的话,依然傻乎乎的,但在生命攸关的那一秒钟,他却“卧倒”了——这是他在跟父亲玩打仗游戏时惟一听懂并做得最出色的动作。

18、请根据文意,在文中横线上添上恰当的词语。(2分)

19、在参赛的作品中,“卧倒”镜头能以绝对优势夺得冠军,你认为它的优势在哪里?(2分)

20、结合全文,为什么说“10秒钟后,每一双眼睛里都是泪水,可以毫不夸张地说,德国在那10秒钟后足足肃静了10分钟”?(3分)

21、第⑻段说“那个扳道工是一个普普通通的人”,你如何评价他?(2分)

22、文中父亲教育儿子的观点是什么?你认为他说的有道理吗,为什么?(4分)

(三)阅读下面的文段,回答文后23—28题(13分)

申奥形象大使杨澜陈述发言

主席先生,女士们,先生们:

下午好。在向各位介绍我们的文化安排之前,我想先告诉大家,你们2008年将在北京渡过愉快的时光。我相信在座的许多人都曾为李安的奥斯卡获奖影片(卧虎藏龙)所吸引,这仅仅是我们文化的一小部分,还有众多的文化宝藏等待着你们去挖掘。北京是一座充满活力的现代都市,三千年的历史文化与都市繁荣相呼应。除了紫禁城、天坛和万里长城这几个标志性的建筑,北京拥有无数的戏院、博物馆,各种各样的餐厅和歌舞场所,这

一切的一切都会令您感到尽兴和高兴。除此之外,北京城里还有千千万万友善的人民,热爱与世界各地人民相处。无论是过去还是现在,北京历来是各个民族和各种文化的汇集地。北京人民相信,在北京兴办2008年奥运会,将推动我们文化和全世界文化的交流,他将向您和您所领导的奥林匹克运动表达奥运会的感激之情。在我们的文化计划当中,教育和交流将是我们的希望,我们期待在全国尤其是数百万名青少年中,留下一笔精神财富,从2005年到2008年我们将每年定期举办文化活动,由全世界青少年和表演家参加的音乐会,这些文化活动同时在奥运村和全市范围内展开,以方便运动员的参加。

我们的开闭幕式将展现中国杰出作家、导演、作曲家参与的舞台,讴歌人类的共同理想和我们独特的奥林匹克运动。基于丝绸之路带来的灵感,我们的火炬接力将经过希腊、埃及、罗马、拜占庭、美索不达米亚、印度和中国,以共享和平--共享奥运为主题。奥运永恒不息的火炬将跨越世界最高峰珠穆朗玛峰,从而达到一个最高的高度。在中国,奥运圣火将通过西藏、穿过长江和黄河、踏上长城、途经香港、澳门、台湾,并在组成我们国家的56个民族中传递。通过这样的路线,我们保证比以往任何一次接力数量都多的人民目睹火炬。700年前,有人问马可·波罗,你有关中国的描述是真的吗?他说:我只不过将我所见到的跟你们描述了一半而已。女士们,先生们,我相信北京和中国将向运动员、观众和全世界的电视观众证明,这是一块神奇的土地。谢谢主席先生,谢谢大家!

23、杨澜在发言中为什么首先提到李安导演的影片(卧虎藏龙)?(2分)

24、陈述中说“北京有三千年的历史文化与都市繁荣相呼应”。文中有哪些具体陈述与之呼应?(2分)

25、在说到北京城里的人民,陈述者用了一个“友善”的形容词修饰,为什么不用“勤劳、勇敢”?(2分)

26、火炬接力为何要走古丝绸之路?(2分)

27、陈述发言引用马可·波罗的话有何作用?(2分)

28、如果你也是申奥形象大使,你将从哪些方面陈述呢?(3分)

三、作文:《和你在一起》(40分)

亲爱的同学们,生活中,一个伟大或平凡的人物;一个可爱的小动物;甚至一首歌,一段动人的旋律;一株小苗,他们与你的邂逅或相处,是否曾让你怦然心动、幡然彻悟,或激情满怀、幸福荡漾过,他一定激励过你,震撼过你,改变过你,引你思索,促你成长,催你成熟,请用你的笔记录下你们一起走过的日子和感受!不少于600字。

八年级(下)期末语文试题答案

一、1、顾名思义悄怆幽邃

2、B3、B4、野芳发而幽香,佳木秀而繁阴,风霜高洁,水落而石出。5.大庇天下寒士俱欢颜风雨不动安如山眼前突兀见此屋吾庐独破受冻死亦足杜甫唐朝

6、瀚海阑干百丈冰,愁云惨淡万里凝。

7、人生自古谁无死?留取丹心照汗青

8、但愿人长久 千里共婵娟 人有悲欢离合 月有阴晴圆缺 此事古难全

9、东风不与周郎便,铜雀春深锁二乔(4—9小题填空题,每空错一字,该空即不得分)

二、(一)

10、胜:美丽。涯:边。备:详尽。极:尽。

11、衔远山,吞长江,浩浩汤汤,横无际涯(错一字该空即不得分)

12、此则岳阳楼之大观也。予观夫巴陵胜状(错一字该空即不得分)

13、朝晖夕阴,气象万千。(错一字即不得分)

14、对偶,反问(至少写两种)

15、C16、(1)看了自然景物而触发的感情,怎能不有所不同呢?(2)登上这座楼,就会有离开国都,怀念家乡,担心人家说坏话,惧怕人家批评指责,满眼都是萧条的景象必将感慨横生而十分悲伤的感情了。

17、北宋政治家、文学家范仲淹.不以物喜 不以己悲先天下之忧而忧 后天下之乐而乐(每空0、5分错一字该空即不得分)

(二)18.不可估量、威严、千钧一发、忠于职守

19、真实,惊险,大团圆20.因为德国人民为扳道工的大公无私,忠于职守所感动,为小孩子在如此危险的情况还得以生存而感动21.伟大出于平凡,扳道工普普通通,但忠于职守,力避险情,因此,他也是优秀的,伟大的22.你必须有一样是出色的; 能联系现实生活,言之成理即可。

(三)23、李安导演的《卧虎藏龙》获奥斯卡金像奖一向受世人瞩目,因此该影片也为出席代表所熟知。提到该影片容易使出席代表产生好感,引起共鸣,产生强烈的要了解中国的欲望,一开始便抓住了代表的心。

24、除了紫禁城、天坛和万里长城这几个标志性的建筑,北京拥有无数的戏院、博物馆,各种各样的餐厅和歌舞场所。

25、这是为了突出举办城市的人民的热情、友好、真诚。

26、古丝绸之路是中国走向世界之路。表达了中国人民走向世界,共享和平--共享奥运的最大心愿。

27、借马可·波罗的话告诉各位代表,我们所陈述的不仅是真的,而且仅说了一部分。要真正了解中国,只有亲自去看一看。

28、略

三、作文(略)

第五篇:2011八年级英语下册期末测试题及答案

2011八年级英语下册期末测试

一、单项选择:20分

()1.I ___ think there ____ more pollution.A./, won’t beB.don’t, will beC./, won’t haveD.don’t, have

()2.I’m going to be a doctor ____ five years.A.afterB.duringC.inD.for

()3.You always say ____ words as our teacher.A.so B.asC.the D.the same

()4.She has ____ to buy a car.A.money enoughB.many moneyC.enough moneyD.a few money

()5.Is there ____ in the classroom now?

A.someone elseB.else someoneC.anyone elseD.else anyone

()6.___the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.A.WhileB.WhenC.WhatD.Where

()7.This book is very ___ and I am ____ in it.A.interest, interestB.interesting, interested

C.interested, interestingD.interested, interested

()8.–Could you please tell me ____?-It’s next to the post office.A.where is the supermarketB.where the supermarket is

C.where was the supermarketD.where the supermarket was

()9.I want to know if he _____ tomorrow.If he _____, let me know.A.come, comesB.will come, comes

C.comes, will comeD.will come, will come

()10.Tom asked me _____ him a book.A.giveB.to giveC.givingD.gave

()11.–How long has the weather been like this?-______.A.Until last nightB.Since last nightC.Two days agoD.Two days later

()12.The boy always stays there for ____.A.one and half hourB.one and a half

C.one and a half hourD.one and a half hours

()13.It’s too hot.Would you mind ____ the door? A.to openB.openingC.opensD.opened

()14.He often helps me ____ my English.A.onB.withC.atD.in

()15.The young man is _____ to carry the heavy stone.A.enoughB.too strongC.so strongD.strong enough

()16.-____do you ____ the movie?-Very good.A.What, thinkB.What, likeC.What, think ofD.How, think of

()17.Have you ever ____ Fun Time Amusement Park?

A.gone toB.been toC.beenD.went

()18.Jim likes playing ____ piano after school.A.aB.theC./D.on

()19.He’d like ____ a famous singer.A.beB.beingC.to beD.been

()20.There is _____ water left, is there?A.a littleB.littleC.a fewD.few

二、完型填空:20分 eyes.HertheNow they needn’t They don’t have topay for books and other things.Some of them can even get money from the families are very happy with the news.It is 30 great.()21.A.withB.onC.toD.in

()22.A.sayingB.tellingC.speakingD.talking

()23.A.go to workB.go to bedC.go to schoolD.go home

()24.A.a lotB.lot ofC.a lot ofD.much

()25.A.schoolsB.citiesC.housesD.families

()26.A.payB.takeC.buyD.lend

()27.A.teachersB.girlsC.boysD.all the children

()28.A.look upB.turn onC.worry aboutD.make sure

()29.betterB.shorterC.longerD.worse

()30.A.notB.neverC.hardlyD.really

三、阅读理解:4 0分

A.One day an Australian farmer, Joe, saw a bright light in the sky.The light came nearer and nearer and suddenly Joe saw that it wasa spaceship.The spaceship landed in a field nearby.The door of the spaceship opened and two strange beings(怪物)climbed out.They seemed to be half man and half bird.Joe was afraid of them.He tried to run away.But the spacemen walked towards him, picked him up and carried him into the spaceship.They asked him questions about Earth.“We’ re from Venus(金星),”they said, “but it is getting very hot there.Alot of our people are dying and we haven’ t much time left.We are trying to find a new home.” After some time they freed Joe and at last the space-ship took off and could not be seen.Joe told his friends about the spacemen, but no one believed(相信)his story.“You will believe me one day”, Joe told them.“The spacemen will come back...”

()31.The bright light in the sky was______.A.the sunB.VenusC.a machine D.a spaceship

()32.The strange beings came to Earth to______.A.visit JoeB.catch JoeC.find a new homeD.live with Joe

()33.Joe was ______the spaceship.A.invited toB.afraid ofC.carried intoD.happy to get into

()34.The strange beings ______before they let him go.A.had asked Joe to mend their machineB.had asked Joe several questions

C.had given Joe some wiresD.had made Joe help them find a new place

()35.People didn’ t believe Joe because______.A.he told a lieB.it hadn’ t been seen before

C.they didn’t welcome the strange beingsD.they wanted to see the strange beings very much

B.Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today.People didn’t have modern machines.Life today has brought new problems.One of the biggest is pollution.Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty.It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water, noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily.Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.It’s bad to all living things in the world.Polluted air from cars, planes and factories is to thick that it is like a quilt(被子)over a city.This kind of quilt is called smog(烟雾).Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away.And they mustn’t blow dirty smoke into the air.We need to do many other things.We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground.We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car, if there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.Rules are not enough, every person must help to fight pollution.()36.Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because _____.A.there were fewer modern machines at that time than today.B.people didn’t like to use modern medicines.C.there were no modern machines at all.D.there were not so many people

()37.What is the biggest problem in today’s life?

A.Dirty water.B.Smog.C.Noise.D.Pollution.()38.The most serious kind of pollution is ______.A.noise pollutionB.air pollutionC.water pollutionD.from waste things

()39.Factories must clean their water ______.A.before they use it B.when they use it C.after i t is thrown away D.before it is thrown away

()40.From the passage we know that ____.A.a few years ago, there was no smog at all

B.today people don’t have to talk to each other in a loud voice

C.we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes

D.people are making rules in order to fight pollution

C.Do you know why different animals or pests(昆虫)have their special colors? Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.Some birds like eating locusts(蝗虫), but birds cannot easily catch them.Why? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of colors of crops(庄稼).When crops are green, locusts look green.But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have.Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others.So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves.Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests.They cannot be easily seen by hunters(猎人).This is because they have the colors much like the trees.Have you ever noticed an even stranger act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid(液体)when it faces danger.While the liquid spreads over(散开), its enemies(敌人)cannot find it.And it immediately swims away.So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.()41.From the passage we learn that locusts _______.A.are small animalsB.are easily found by birds

C.are dangerous to their enemiesD.change their colors to protect themselves

()42.How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger?

A.They run away quickly.B.They have the colors much like their enemies.C.They hide themselves by day and appear at night.D.They have to move quietly.()43.Bears and lions can keep safe because _______.A.they have the colors much like the treesB.they move quietly

C.they like brown and gray colorsD.they live in forests

()44.Why can the kind of fish live up to now?

A.Because it is very strong.B.Because the liquid it sends out can help it escape from its enemies

C.Because the liquid it sends out can kill its enemies.D.Because it swims faster than any other fish.()45.Which is the best title for this passage?

A.The Change of Colors for Animals and PestsB.Colors of Different Animals and Pests

C.The Main Use of Colors for Animals and PestsD.Some Animals and Pests

D.Paper was first made in the year 105.It was made by a Chinese named Cai Lun.For over 500 years

paper was made only in China.People in Japan learned of paper around the year 600.As years went by, people in other places began to make paper.The lead(铅)pencil is not made of lead.It is made of graphite(石墨).People found graphite in 1564.They thought it was a kind of lead.Today we still call pencils “lead pencils”.The first pencils were made by putting strings(线)around sticks of graphite.The first wooden pencils were made by Kasper Faber in Germany in 1761.Erasers like those we use today were first made in France by a man named Magellan in 1752.It was Hyman L.Lipman who first put eraser on the ends of pencils.And that is how the pencils came to be.()46.How many years earlier was paper made in China than in Japan?

A.About 100 years.B.About 400 years.C.More than 500 years.D.495 years.()47.Germans made paper ______.A.earlier than JapanB.later than JapanC.as early as JapanD.as late as Japan

()48.At first pencils were made of ______.A.woodB.leadC.sticksD.string and graphite

()49.Kasper Faber was ____.A.an EnglishmanB.a FrenchmanC.a GermanD.an American

()50.Which of the following statements is NOT true

A.The first wooden pencils were made in Germany.B.Graphite isn’t a kind of lead.C.Paper was first made in China.D.Hyman L.Lipman made the first erasers.五、句型转换:10分

51.The teacher told us, “The earth travels around the sun.”(改为间接引语)

The teacher told us _____ the earth ______ around the sun.52.I’ve been skating for 2 hours.(对画线部分提问)_____ _____ _____ you been skating?

53.They were doing their homework at six yesterday.(改为否定句)

They ______ ______ their homework at six yesterday.54.He would like to play games with his friends.(同义句)

He _______ playing games with his friends.55.Don’t be late again, ______ _______(反意疑问句)?

六、书面表达:10分

Julia和Jane是双胞胎.下面是她们上周末的时间安排表,请你描述一下她们上周末的生活。(字数60左右)

Time Julia Jane

9: 00─10: O0do homeworkstudy for the test

10: 00─11: O0play sportsdo homework

12: 00─1: O0have lunchhave lunch

2: 00─4: 30go shoppinggo shopping

4: 30─6: O0study for the teststudy for the test

答案

1-5: BCDC C6-10: ABBBB11-15: BDBBB16-20: CBBCB

21-25:ABCCD26-30: ABCAD31-35: DCBBB36-40: CDBDD

41-45: DCABC46-50: CBDCD

51.that, travels52.How long have53.weren’t doing54.feels like55.will you

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