高二英语语法专项之名词类

第一篇：高二英语语法专项之名词类

二．名词

I.单句语法填空

1.Her fight helped other women gain _________________(confident)in their ideas, and their right to patent them.2.I know you take good pictures and you’ve always wanted to do something for environmental ____________________(protect)(2016年高考全国卷II）

3.However, Koalas kept in cages always died within a year of their ______________(arrive)at the zoo.4.But this type of housing, called cohousing, is gaining ________________(popular)in the United States.5.--Why didn’t you go fishing with your friends yesterday?

--Well, fishing is

a

hobby

which

calls

for

a

great

deal

of ________________(patient), which I don’t have.6.He was given severe ________________(punish)by his father only for a lillte mistake.7.Facing cut-throat __________________(compete)in all subjects, students must devote as much of their time as possible.8.I shall never fear difficulty and I shall never know the ______________(exist)of the word “failure”.9.It is obvious that this _________________(destroy)will become more dangerous in the future.10.I know how I achieved my ________________(succeed).It came from good planning and better doing combined.11.We must come to realize the _______________(important)of learning English.12.We have no______________(choose)but to follow his advice.13.Just tell me the ___________(true).14.We must guarantee everyone’s ______________(safe)15.There are many wild animals in _____________(dangerous)of dying out now.16.In ancient times, the slave’s _______________(free)is limited.II.单句改错

1.Therefore, to take a ten-minute break between classes is of great important.2.As far as I am concerned, my suggestions is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach.3.The apply of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling.4.He made a lot of mistakes in his composition because of careless.5.I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon.6.No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to.7.The new teacher is getting married next month and decides to buy some furnitures.8.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.9.If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.10.We should keep in minds that the earth is our only home and only by saving the environment can we save ourselves.参考答案：

I.1.Confidence

2.Protection

3.arrival

4.popularity

5.patience

6.punishment

7.competition

8.existence

9.Destruction 10.success 11.Importance

12.Choice

13.truth

14.safety

15.danger 16.freedom II.1.Important--importance

2.suggestions---suggestion

3.apply---application

4.careless---carelessness

5.times----time

6.program---programs

7.furnitures---furniture

8.honest---honesty

9.knowledges---knowledge

10.minds---mind

第二篇：高二英语语法专项练习（范文）

高二英语语法专项练习

51、The American Indians must make use of one of such open forms of struggle ________ permitted by law.[

] A．as are B．which is

C．that are

D．as is

52、I've been waiting for nearly half an hour.I can't wait ________.[ ] A.no longer B.no more C.any longer D.not any more

53、Who do you consider ________ the next chairman?[

] A．is B．will be

C．was

D．be

54、______ the girl came and looked after the old woman till she was fully recovered.[

] A．Day after day

B．A day after a day C．Days after days

D．One day after one day

55、Learning new words and useful expressions ______ very helpful for you.[ ] A.is B.are C.to be D.being

56、His success ________ a singer made his family ________.He is famouse all over the country.[

] A．as, exciting B．as, excited C．like, excite D．like, excited

57、-Do you mind ________ the window?-Of course not.[ ] A．to open C．opening

B．my opening D．if you open

58、It's no use ________ theory without practice.[ ]

A.learn B.learned C.learning D.to be learning

59、Engels, __________ native language was German, could read and write in several other languages.[ ] A.who B.whom C.whose D.who's

60、Before he fell ill, he ________in the lake all the year.[ ] A．was used to swim B．used to swimming C．used to swim

D．get used to swimming

61、They never lost hope in their search __________ the missing child.[ ] A.for B.of C.at D.to

62、I decided to interview the actor, ___________ performance I had seen many times.[ ] A.who B.whom C.whose D.which

63、Our teacher suggested us ______ on it in a different way.[ ] A.working B.work C.to work D.works

64、The performance of “The Red Roses” was _______ received.[ ] A.good B.well C.too D.to

65、Mary has been to our China ________times.[ A．scores of B．score of C．two scores

D．three scores of

66、Liu Mei said she would study hard at English in the ______term.[ ] A.come B.coming C.next D.comes

]

67、Few People enjoy______advertisements in newspapers.A.reading B.read C.looking at D.look at

68、— What shall we do this weekend, Sara? — What about _______to a movie? [

] A.go B.going C.went D.to go

69、This first film of Chaplin had ________ dialogues or music.A.not B.no C.no any D.not a

70、I ate an apple just now.I want to have _______ second one.A.a B.the C.other D.another

71、Before _______, the machine must be checked.A.using it B.being used it C.being used D.using

72、After finishing their lunch, they _______ immediately.A.set off

B.set about C.set on D.set up

73、The books _______ pictures are very popular with children.A.have B.has C.with D.whose

74、My father doesn't know _________ about English.A.much B.some C.lot D.many

75、The streets are the most beautiful ones ________you can imagine.A．burnt them down

B．burnt them up

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

[ ]

C．burnt down them D．burnt up them

79、I hope that the little ________ I've been able to do has been of some use.[ ] A．that C．what

B．which D．when

80、He wrote many books during his lifetime, many of _______ had been translated into several languages.[ ] A.that B.those C.whose D.which 81、The new bus came into our schoolyard _____ its horn.[ ] A.sound B.sounds C.to sound D.sounding

82、The earliest films in the world were silent, because the equipment for _____ sound to films had not been developed.[ ] A.adding B.add C.added D.having added

83、He went to the States in 1991, ________ he stayed for nearly two years.[ ] A.when B.where C.which D.who 84、She wrote a letter to her father, _________ she made her secret known.[ ] A.which B.that C.in which D.where

85、We didn't manage to carry out the plan ______ she told me how to do it．

[

]

A．when

B．but

C．until

D．while

86、He ______ a birthday gift from Li Ming , but ______ it ．

[

]

A．accepted;received

B．received;didn't accept C．accepted;didn't receive

D．received;accepted

87、Cartoon films are so ______ that children are ______ in them.[

]

A．interest;interest

B．interesting , interesting C．interested , interested

D．interesting , interested

88、They can hardly reduce the price,________ they?

[ ] A．are C．can

B．aren't D．can't

89、I was at last able to persuade my companion ________ my advice.[ ] A．take C．to pick up

B．to take D．to give up

90、Bill is pleased ________you have given him and ________you have told him.[ ] A．what, all what C．that, all that

B．with what, that D．with what, all that

91、At last, the student realized that he must_______some study.[ ] A.begin to B.go to C.get down to D.sit down to

92、________to know the truth of this matter.[ ] A.You said

B.It's said that you C.You have said D.You are said

93、I think you'd better stop ______ your homework, or you will not be able to finish it this evening.[ ] A.to do B.do C.doing D.does

94、It ________Jack and Mike who often came to help us.[ ] A.is B.was C.are D.were

95、Her mother was in poor health, ________made it difficult for her to go on with the work.[ ] A.she B.it C.which D.that

96、China Daily is very popular ________ the college students of English.[ ] A.for B.to C.with D.in

97、He walked as quickly as he could______there before five o'clock.[

] A.get B.get to C.to get D.getting

98、Lily doesn't feel like _______ to school today.[ ] A.go B.went C.going D.getting

99、Do remember________the door when you leave.[ ] A.closing B.to close C.closed D.having closed

100、Is there anything ________you don't understand?

[ ] A.what B.which C.why D.that

答案提示

51、B52、C53、B54、A55、A56、B57、B58、C59、C60、C61、A62、C63、A64、B65、A66、B67、A68、B69、B70、A71、C72、A73、C74、A75、D76、B77、C78、B79、A 80、D81、D82、A83、B84、C 85、C86、B87、D88、C89、B90、D91、C92、D93、A94、B95、C96、C97、C98、C99、B100、D

第三篇：高二英语语法

高二英语语法——过去分词专练 一．用所给的动词的正确形式填空

1.Did you attend the meeting _______（hold)yesterday? 2.Do you know the name of the play________(put on)in the hall now? 3.I borrowed a book ______(write)by Mark Twain from the library last week.I like it very much.4.Cleaning women in big cities usually get ________(pay)by the hour.5.The rooms are _______(paint), so you can’t move in.6.What he has done is really ________(disappoint).Now his parents are ________(disappoint)with him.7.The murderer was brought in , with his hands _____(tie)behinds his back.8.I have had my bike _______(repair),and I'm going to have somebody _______(repair)my radio tomorrow.9.You must get the work _______(do)before Friday.10._______(enter)the room,the nurse found the tape-recorder _____(go).11.We are pleased to see the problem ______(settle)so quickly.12.I don't want the children ______(take)out in such weather.13.I'm afraid that I can't make myself _______(understand)because of my poor English.14.Jane got her bad tooth ______(pull)out at the dentist's.15.When ______(complete),the museum will be open to the public next year.16.With a lot of difficulties ______(settle),they went to the seashore and had a good rest.17.______(see)from space,the earth with water ______(cover)70％of its surface looks like a “blue blanket”.18.The girl wrote a composition without ______(ask)19.______(give)more attention,the trees could have grown better.20.Before he came to London,he had never heard a single English word _____(hear).21._______(hear)her friend was badly hurt,she burst into tears.22.They hurried back home only to find their house ______(break)into.23.Every great culture in the past had its own ideas of beauty ______(express)in art and literature.24.The thief _______(question)by the police a moment ago still couldn’t tell the truth.25.I couldn’t accept the view ________(offer)to me unless it is based on facts.26.The ________(surprise)look on his face suggested that he must have heard some surprising news.27.He didn’t notice his wallet ________(steal).28.The students wouldn’t like the problem ________(discuss)at the moment.29.When we got to school,we saw the door_______(lock).30.I am very busy now.I’d like to have my little child_______(take)to school.31.Be careful,or you will have your hands _______(hurt).32.He spoke slowly to make himself _________(understand).33.When he woke up,he found himself ________(surround)by a group of children.34.The news reporters hurried to the airport,only _______(tell)the film star had left.35.After her journey from abroad,Mary returned home,________(exhaust).36.False friends are just like leaves,________(find)everywhere, but true friends are like diamonds ,precious and rare.37._________(encourage)by the advances in technology,many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.38.He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______(interest).39.While you were out,you should keep your doors and windows ________(close).40.The stone bridge _______(build)last year is very beautiful.二．短语互译

1.Take up _________

2.Lose sight of _________ 3.Speed up ________ 4.Slide into _________ 5.Speed up ___________ 6.Contribute to ______ 7.Apart from__________ 8.Make sense __________ 9.Consist of _______ 10.Divide into _________ 11.Break away from_______________ 12.To one’s credit _________ 13.Leave out_________ 14.Break down_____ 15.Take the place of __________ 16.Be delighted by/at___________ 17.be strict with_________

18.Link.....to_________ 19.be unwilling to do sth_________

20.In memory of __________ 21.提出__________

22.得出结论 _________

23.擅长__________

24.使你的皮肤暴晒于阳光下______________ 25.向某人挑战 ____________

26.对........乐观________________ 27.一.........就___________

28.在.......之前____________ 29.对......乐观_________

30.恢复，完全恢复__________ 31.朝四面八方____________

第四篇：高二英语语法

高二英语语法总结精讲

The past participle used as attribute and predicative 用作定语和表语的过去分词

1)过去分词作定语。如果是及物动词的过去分词作定语，过去分词与被修饰词有逻辑上的被动关系，且表完成的状态；如果是不及物动词的过去分词作定语，过去分词与被修饰词在逻辑上没有主被动关系之说，所以不及物动词的过去分词只表完成的状态。但有些表示思想感情的过去分词如astonished，disappointed，excited，frightened，interested，pleased，surprised，tired，worried等既不表主动，又不表完成。此外，作定语的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面；作定语的过去分词如果是动词短语，一般放在被修饰词的后面。如： You can drink boiled water，not boiling water． 你可以喝白开水，但不可以喝沸腾的水。

From his disappointed look，I knew he didn't pass the examination． 从他的失望表情看，我知道他没通过考试。

2)作表语，过去分词作表语，多表示主语的状态。如： This machine part is broken．这个机器零件坏了。

有些过去分词实际上已被看成形容词了，常见的有：delighted，disappointed，discouraged，drunk，amused，astonished，hurt，interested，crowded，tired，satisfied，pleased，surprised，worried，excited，married，puzzled，upset等。用作宾补的过去分词

过去分词作宾补，与前面的宾语有逻辑上的被动关系且表动作的完成。

1)作表感觉或心理状态的动词的宾补，它们是：see，hear，watch，feel，find，think等 We hear the music played by the band．我们听了乐队演奏这首乐曲。Everybody thought the battle lost．人人都认为这场战役输掉了。2)作使役动词的宾补，它们是：make，keep，leave，have，get，help等 Please keep us informed of the latest development． 请随时向我们通报事态的最新发展。I must get my bike repaired．我必须请人修自行车3)作表希望或要求的动词的宾补，它们是：want，like，wish，prefer，need，declare，report，order，acknowledge等。这种用法与不定式的被动形式作宾补基本相同。I don't want any of you(to be)involved in the scandal． 我不要你们任何人牵涉到丑闻中去。

用作状语的过去分词无论过去分词作状语还是现在分词作状语，分词的逻辑主语都要和主句的主语一致。过去分词与主句的主语应是被动关系。过去分词作状语，表示时间、原因、让步或伴随等，这种过去分词通常相当于状语从句1)表时间(When the metal is)Heated，the metal expands．加热后，这种金属会膨胀。(The couple took good care of the baby while(the couple was)occupied by their work．这对夫妇一边工作，一边很好地照顾这个婴儿。像第二句那样当强调实践概念时，过去分词之前可用连词when，while2)表原因(As he was)Greatly surprised，he couldn't say a word．他大吃一惊，一时说不出话来。(Because she was)Scolded by the teacher，the girl felt unfair．那姑娘因受老师责备，而愤愤不 3)表让步Even if(I were)invited，I wouldn't go．即使受邀请，我也不愿去。Though(they were)defeated again and again，they went on fighting．尽管一再遭受挫败，他们仍然继续战斗。4)表伴随 He stared at me(he was)astonished．他两眼瞪着我，惊恐万状Einstein walked along the street，(he was)lost in thought．爱因斯坦漫步街头，沉浸在思索中。由关系代词“that”引导的名词性从句 that引导名词性从句时，本身没有什么意思，它只起一个连接作用。①that引导主语从句时，一般不可省略，且可把that所引导的主语从句放在后面，前面用it代替that从句；当然，当主句用了被动语态或是一般疑问句时多用it作形式主语；如主句是感叹句时，必须用it作形式主语，把that从句放在后面。②引导及物动词的宾语从句时，在不引起歧义的情况下，that可以省略；that很少引导介词的宾语从句(中学阶段常见的能引导that从句的介词有：except、but、in等)，如介词引导that从句作宾语，常常在其后加it，在加that从句作宾语。③that从句作表语从句，一般不可省略。④that从句作同位语从句，一般不可省略。请看下列例句：That we shall be late is certain．=It is certain that we shall be late．我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。It is said that he's got married．听说他结婚了。I know the fact that the doesn't understand English at all． 我知道他根本不懂英语(那个事实)。区别 where 引导的定语从句与状语从句

1．where 引导定语从句时，where 是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词，where 引导的从句修饰先行词。例如：

The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here．我买这本书的那个书店离这里不远 2．where 引导状语从句时，where 是从属连词，where 引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where 前面没有表示地点的先行词。例如Wuhan lies where the Changjiang River and the Han Jiang River meet武汉位于长江和汉江的汇合处。I found my books where I had left them．我在我原来放书的地方找到了我的书。有时，where 引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义，可放在主句的前面，而 where 引导的定语从句则不能。例如： Where there is a will，there is a way．(谚语)有志者事竟成。

Where there is water，there is life．有水的地方就有生命3．在有些情况下，where 引导的定语从句可转换为 where 引导的地点状语从句。例如A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert．(= A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert．)在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼Bamboo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often．(= Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often．温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。由疑问词引导的名词性从句由疑问词引导的名词性从句多作主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句，偶尔也作同位语从句。在作上述从句时，其句型结构应该采用以下两种： 1．疑问词 + 主语 + 谓语动词 + 其他

2．本身是主语的疑问词 + 谓语动词 + 其他

不管采用哪种句型，其词序总是正装的，即主语必须置于谓语动词前面。1)What you need is more practice．(主语从句)2)What is hard is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad．(主语从句)3)I can't imagine when we will be able to travel in space．(动词宾语从句)4)This reminded me of what he had once told us．(介词宾语从句)5)The problem is whether robots will be smarter than humans．(表语从句)6)Scientists have not found answers to the question why there is no life on Mars．(同位语从句)虚拟语气语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。英语中共有三种语气：陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气。本单元所讲的是虚拟语气。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种愿望、假设、怀疑、建议、猜测、可能或纯粹的空想等。1．虚拟语气在一般现在时的条件句和主句中的谓语动词的形式如下：

从

句

主

句

过去式(be用were)would + 动词原形

1)If I knew German，I would read Das Capital in the original． 要是我懂德文，我就读《资本论》的原文。

2)If he were here now，everything would be all right． 要是他现在在这儿，一切就都没问题了。

3)How nice it would be if I could stay a bit longer！2．虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中的应用。如果该宾语从句表示一般现在时，其动词一律用其过去式形式，be用were；如果该从句表示一般过去时，其动词形式要用：had + 过去分词；如果该从句表示现在进行时，其动词形式要用were／was + 现在分词；如果该从句表示一般将来时，其动词形式要用：would／could + 动词原形。

1)I wish I were／was as strong as you． 2)I wish I remembered his phone number．

3)I wish I had not forgotten his address the other day． 4)How I wish it weren't／wasn't raining now！5)I wish he would try again． 3．虚拟语气在含有as if引导的从句中的动词形式与wish后的宾语从句中的动词形式相同。1)He acts as if he were／was an expert． 2)It seems as if it were／was spring．

3)They are talking as if they had been friends for years． 一般过去时与一般将来时中的虚拟语气

表示过去情况的虚拟条件句的主句与从句中谓语动词的主要形式如下：

从

句 主

句

had + 过去分词

would have + 过去分词

1．If we had left a little earlier，we would have caught the train． 2．If I hadn't taken your advice，I would have made a bad mistake．3．You wouldn't have caught cold if you had put on more clothes表示将来情况的虚拟条件句的主句与从句中的谓语动词的主要形式如下：

从

句

主

句

were to／should + 动词原形

would +

动词原形

1．If I were to study at Harvard University next year，I would major in biology．

2．If he were to／should travel on Mars in the future，he would drive a space wagon all over it注：在虚拟条件中，有时可以把表示假设的从属连词if省掉不用，在此语境中，就把从句中的助动词had，should或were移至其主语前，如：

1．Had we made enough preparations，we might have succeeded in doing the experiment． 2．Were they to act like that again，we would／should criticize them severely3．Should we fail again next time，we wouldn't lose courage． 倒装主语与谓语有两种顺序：一是主语在前，这和汉语是一致的，称为自然语序或正装语序。反之，如果谓语的全部或一部分置于主语之前，就是倒装语序，产出倒装语序主要有两个原因：语法结构的要求；第二种则是修辞上措辞和安排的需要。下面就是按两种要求讲授本单元有关倒装语序的知识。1．主谓倒装 A)凡表方位、方向或时间的副词或介词词组处于句首时往往引起主谓倒装。如： 1)There exist different opinions on this question． 关于这个问题存在着不同的意见。

2)Here comes the old lady．那位老太太来了。

3)Then came the hour we had been looking forward to． 我们期待的时刻到来了。

4)Up went the arrow into the air． 飕的一声箭射上了天空。

5)Now comes your turn．现在轮到你了。6)Through the air hurtled a jet-plane．

呼地一声在天空中飞过一架喷气式飞机。

B)否定词置于句首，引起部分倒装(助动词或情态动词移至主语前)，如： 1)Never before has our country been so prosperous． 我们的国家从来没有这样繁荣昌盛。

2)Hardly did I think it possible．我几乎认为这是不可能的。3)On no account should we follow blindly．我们决不应盲从。

C)“only + 状语”置于句首引起部分倒装，如： 1)Only after a bitter struggle was the aim achieved只有在艰苦斗争之后这一目标才得以实现。2)Only in this way can we hope to improve the situation there． 只有用这种方式我们才有可能改善那里的局势。D)省略了if的虚拟条件句中要用部分倒装，如：

1)Should anyone phone me，tell him to call me again in two hours' time． 万一有人给我打电话，叫他两小时以后再给我打。

2)Had I been informed earlier，I might not have bought the air ticket要是早点通知我，我就可能不买那机票了。2．表语倒装

当表语置于句首，其系动词也就随之移至主语前形成完全倒装，如： 1)Near the southern end of the village was a large apple orchard． 靠近村子南头是一个很大的苹果园。

2)Among its exhibits are computers and mobile phones made in China． 在展品中有中国制造的电脑和手机。

3)Their grandparents are very warm-hearted，as are their parents．他们的祖父母是非常热心的人，他们的父母也一样。省略

在有些英语句子中，某些成分被省略掉了，这样的句子称为省略句(Elliptical Sentences)。一般说来在上下文已经交待清楚的情况下，可以省略那些已经提到的或不言而喻的部分。省略是避免重复、突出重要内容和使上下文紧密连接的一种语言手段。省略可出现于简单句、并列复合句和主从复合句中。

一、常被省略的部分 1．省略主语

Beg your pardon？请再说一遍。(省略I)2．省略谓语或谓语的一部分

He is a doctor and his wife a teacher他是医生，他妻子是老师。(省略is)I will do the best I can．我将尽力而为。(省略do)3．省略表语

表语的省略指的是：在主系表句子中，回答其问句时省略表语。这种省略已成固定格式，如果不省略反而不成句子习惯。There be句型的回答以及其反意问句的后半部分也要用省略式。

—Are you hungry？你饿吗？ —Yes，I am．(hungry)．我饿。4．省略宾语

This is the book(that)you're looking for． 5．主语和谓语(系动词)一起省略

—What would you like to eat？—你要吃什么？ —(I would like)Rice and meat．—米饭和肉。6．在if，when，though，as if等引导的从句中，如果其谓语动词是be，可将主语一起省略。Don't speak while(you are)eating．吃饭时别说话7．一般疑问句的省略回答中动词只用系动词、情态动词、助动词 Can you swim？Yes，I can／No，I can't8．只保留一个主要句子成分，其余全部省略。What did you get？A book．(保留宾语)Wait！(保留谓语)9．the reason

why，the time when等限定性定语从句中可省略关系副词。This is the place(where)we came last month这就是我们上个月来过的地方That was the reason(why)he had not arrived on time．这就是他没按时到达的原因。

省略可出现于简单句、并列复合句和主从复合句中。

第五篇：高二英语语法总结

高二英语语法总结

魔法课

英语语法是一样繁琐的知识，对于处于懒散状态的高二学生来说，更加不想要去背和接触，下面提高了一些关于高二英语语法的总结，希望派上用场。

主谓一致

1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数；主语为复数时，谓语用复数。（最基本的）

2、由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

但并列主语如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。

3、由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every, no修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。

4、主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with，as well as，together with，along with，like 等引导的介词短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。

注意：主语和谓语之间插入了分词短语，谓语要与主语保持一致。

5、一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。

6、集体名词family, class, team, group 等看作整体时，谓语动词用单数；看作每一个成员时，谓语动词用复数。

7、当表示国家，城市，人名，书名，报纸，杂志，及组织机构等的专有名词做主语时，作为整体，谓语动词用单数形式。

The New York Times is reading all over the United States.《纽约时报》

8、news，maths，physics，politics等词貌似复数，实为单数，其谓语动词用单数.9、“the +形容词”(如the poor，the rich，the young，the old，the dead，the sick，the brave 等)作主语，谓语动词往往用复数

10、表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。

11、由连词not……but……, or, either……or, neither……nor, not only…but also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。（这个就是就近原则）

12、There be句型、以here开头的句子谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。

13、a number of后面加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。

14、在定语从句中主语是关系代词who , that , which , 谓语动词的数应与先行词的数一致。

注意：在“one of +复数名词+ who/that/which”引导的定语从句中，从句谓语的单复数取决 于one前是否有the(only)、the very。如果有，从句的谓语动词用单数，如没有the only，就用复数形式。

省略

Ⅰ、状语从句中的省略用法

以if从句为代表的状语从句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了it is，that is，there is/are。

Ⅱ、定语从句中的省略用法

关系词的省略 关系代词that，which，whom等在限制性定语从句中充当宾语且不位于介词之后时，可以省略；in which或that在先行词way后作方式状语从句时可省略。

Ⅲ、虚拟语气中if及should的省略

1、当条件状语从句中有were，had，should等时省略if，把它们提至句首，形成倒装句。

2、Suggest，insist，order，require等表示建议、要求、命令的动词后接的名词性从句中，谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。

Ⅳ、不定式符号to的省略

1、感官动词see，hear，feel，watch等和使役动词have，make，let等后接不定式作宾语时，不定式省略to。

2、在特定语境中为了避免重复，当不定式再次出现时，在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate后往往只保留to，而省略后面的动词。但不定式后有be，have时，也保留be和have。

Ⅴ、So和not的替代性省略

用于避免重复前面所说过的内容，替代词so/not替代肯定或否定的名词性从句。可与believe，do，expect，fear，guess，hope，say，speak，suppose，think，I’m afraid等连用

倒装

1.在there be/live/lie句型中用全部倒装: 2.在以there, here, now, then +be/come/go+主语的句子中用全部倒装: 注：如果主语是代词则不用倒装。

3.以off, away, out, in, up, down等副词开头的句子以示强调或为了使情景更生动，句子用全部倒装:

注：如果主语是代词则不用倒装。

4.only, not until所修饰的介词短语、副词或状语从句放在句首时，要部分倒装:

注：①主句倒装，从句不倒装。

②Only+主语置于句首时，不倒装。

5.never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, not, few, little, often, by no means, at no time等放在句首时，要部分倒装:

6.在no sooner…than;not only…but also;hardly/scarcely …when;句型中，前面的句子要部分倒装:

注：not only…but also, neither…nor连接两个主语不倒装。

7.以so, neither, nor开头的句子，表相同概念的肯定或否定时，要全部倒装:

e.g.:

I have never been to Beijing.Nor has he.She is a teacher, so am I.8.so/such…that句型中，把so/such修饰的那部分放在句首时，主句要部分倒装:

9.as引导的让步状语从句，常把表语、状语置于主首，用倒装:

注：如果表语是单数可数名词，该词前一般不加冠词。

Child as he is, he knows a lot.10.省略if的虚拟条件句置于句首时，用倒装:

11.Such作表语放在句首时，表示强调，用倒装:

12.为了保持句子平衡，或使上下文连接更紧，可把介词短语、形容词短语、副词或分词提到主语前，用全部倒装语序:

过去分词与现在分词

一、现在分词和过去分词的构成（形式）

现在分词的构成

主动语态 被动语态

一般式 doing being done

完成式 having done having been done

过去分词的构成：done

二、过去分词的用法

过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作，只有一种形式。

过去分词用法如下：

1.作定语 和现在分词作定语的用法相同。作定语用的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在名词的前面；如果是过去分词短语，要放在名词的后面。

2.作表语

3.作宾语补足语

4.作状语

三、现在分词的用法

1.作定语 作定语用的分词如果是单词，一般放在名词的前面。如果是分词短语，一般放在名词的后面，它的功用相当于定语从句。

2.作表语

3.作宾语补足语 分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语。可带这种复合宾语的动词有：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep等。

注1：上述句子也可以变为被动式。如：Steam can be seen rising

from the wet clothes.注2：复合宾语中用现在分词和用不定式意义稍有不同。不定式表示动作发生了，指事物的全过程；分词则表示动作正在进行。

Fortune often rewards with interest those that have patience to wait for her.这是一句英文谚语意思是只要有耐心，总会走好运。