高考英语二轮复习冲刺演练第3练 阅读理解+写作

第一篇：高考英语二轮复习冲刺演练第3练 阅读理解+写作

第3练 阅读理解＋写作

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Whatsonstage.com is the UK’s biggest and best online guide to the performing arts including theatre，opera，classical music，dance and so on.◆The Lion King

Musical：The stage adaptation of the Disney film taken from an original African story.A young lion grows up and learns that taking over the pride requires wisdom and maturity(成熟)．

Place：Lyceum Theatre，Wellington Street，London Telephone：0870 243 9000 Date：Friday，18 Nov.2015 Ticket price：￡37.5 ◆Oliver

Musical：Dickens’ story of a boy in a London workhouse and his adventures on the way to discovering his family.The songs includeFood glorious food，You’ve got

to pick a pocket or two，Who will buy this wonderful morning，I am reviewing the situation and Consider yourself at home.Place：Theatre Royal，Catherine Street，London Telephone：020 7494 5061 Date：Thursday，17 Nov.2015 Ticket price：￡25 but now save 20% ◆Jersey Boys

Musical：It tells the story of FrankieValli and the Four Seasons：the blue－collar kids from New Jersey formed a singing group and became famous.The musical features many of the group’s popular songs such as Big girls don’t cry，Oh，what

a night and Can’t take my eyes off you.Place：Prince Edward Theatre，Old Compton Street，London

Telephone：0870 850 9191 Date：Saturday，19 Nov.2015 Ticket price：￡22.5 ◆All’s Well That Ends Well

Play：A romantic story.Helena，daughter of a poor physician，loves Bertram，son of a Countess(女伯爵)．

Place：Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre，Park Street，London Telephone：020 7401 9919 Date：Sunday，20 Nov.2015 Ticket price：￡40.5 【语篇解读】 Whatsonstage.com是英国最大、最好的艺术表演在线指南，给人们提供包括戏剧、歌剧、古典音乐、舞蹈等演出的最新资讯。文章节选了其中的一些信息。1．If Mary is available on Friday，which of the following should she call to buy a ticket? A．0870 850 9191

C．0870 243 9000

B．020 7494 5061 D．020 7401 9919 答案 C [细节理解题。根据文章中The Lion King下面的信息可知，这部音乐剧的上演时间是在星期五，订票电话为0870 243 9000，故若是玛丽在星期五有空，就可去看这部剧。故选C项。] 2．If you want to buy a ticket at a discount，you should go to ________．

A．Shakespeare’s Globe Theater

B．Lyceum Theater C．Prince Edward Theater D．Theater Royal 答案 D [细节理解题。根据文章中Oliver下面的信息可知，该音乐剧票价为25英镑并且现在可以节省20%的钱(即打八折)，又根据其上演的地点Theater Royal，可知选D项。] 3．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To show the importance of Whatsonstage.com.B．To give some information about the performing arts.C．To introduce some famous English theaters.D．To teach readers how to use the online guide.答案 B [推理判断题。文章主要介绍了几部戏剧上演的最新资讯，故选B项。]

B

In one of the old buildings near our school，one could see an old man sitting by a large window on the first floor.His name was James.During the three years at school，I had hardly ever found him missing from his usual position.He was a high－ranking government official and lived happily with his wife.Once there was a bus accident，in which a number of passengers were seriously injured and were taken to the hospital for treatment.James was responsible for the rescue operation.It was a big hospital，but James was shocked to notice how ill－equipped it was.There were no enough life－saving drugs and life－supporting equipment.The injured and their companions had to struggle there.James attempted to help.However，though he emptied his pockets，many of them died that day.That was a turning point in his life.He made a decision to devote his life to helping others，particularly the poor and needy patients and their companions.He began spending much of his income on these people.Since this required a lot of time and energy，he found it difficult to fulfill his official duties and therefore chose to retire，which，in turn，reduced his income considerably.His wife was deeply worried.Most of the time，James was out and paid least attention to home affairs.Meanwhile，as he was spending a lot helping others，she had to struggle even to meet the household expenses.Though she was not opposed to his helping the poor，she urged him not to overlook his own life and home，but it had no effect on him.One day they had a heated argument and in the end she left him，never to return.Though he continued with his work，this was a great blow and did serious harm to his health and enthusiasm and he was soon forced to stay indoors.That was when he took his position by the window，spending his time looking outside.A few weeks after my graduation，I returned to school，only to find the buildings gone.I heard that they were torn down.All the people left except James.He refused to go and the next morning，he was found at his usual place by the window，dead.【语篇解读】 该文讲述了詹姆斯决心献身慈善事业，却忽略了事业与家庭之间的平衡，以致妻子愤然离去。受到打击的詹姆斯从此身体日渐衰弱、精神涣散，终日坐在窗前等待妻子归来，直到死去。

4．What changed James’ view toward life?

A．The difficulties in his career.B．The deaths in the bus accident.C．The bad conditions in the hospital.D．The responsibilities in the operation.答案 C [细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，詹姆斯之所以投身慈善，是因为他目睹了医院恶劣的条件给病人及其亲属带来的折磨。] 5．James chose to retire in order to ________．

A．take care of the injured passengers B．find a better job to increase his income C．spare more time and energy to help others D．stay away from the difficult official duties 答案 C [细节理解题。从第三段末的Since this required a lot of time and energy，he found it difficult to fulfill his official duties and therefore chose to retire...可知做慈善需要大量的时间和精力，让他无法做好自己的工作，所以不得不选择退休，以便有更多的时间和精力去做慈善。] 6．James’ wife left because ________．

A．she was strongly against his deeds B．James paid too little attention to his work C．her work to support their daily life was too tiring D．James failed to keep a balance between charity and home 答案 D [细节理解题。从第四段中的Though she was not opposed to his helping the poor，she urged him not to overlook his own life and home...可知，他的妻子不满他太专心于慈善工作而忽略了家庭，即没有在事业和家庭间达到平衡。故选D项。] 7．The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________．

A．His decision to retire B．The departure of his wife

C．The argument with his wife D．His devotion to helping others 答案 B [词义猜测题。this指代的是前面的she left him，never to return，即妻子的离开。故选B项。] Ⅱ.写作(一)应用文写作

假设你是高三学生李华，你和表弟王强即将参加2016年的高考，在考前的100天，请你结合自己的学习、生活，用英语给表弟写一封建议信。要点包括：

1．努力学习；2.调整心态；3.锻炼身体；4.其他方面。注意：1.词数80左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．开头和结尾已为你写好。Dear Wang Qiang，How are you doing recently？_____________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

Yours，Li Hua 【参考范文】 Dear Wang Qiang，How are you doing recently？I’m writing to give you some suggestions on study and life.For Senior 3 students，time is precious.It is high time that we took effective measures to live our life to the fullest.First of all，I highly propose we make the most of the time in class，following our teachers.Besides，we tend to get anxious with time going by.Take it easy.It’s OK.More importantly，just as an old saying goes，“Health is wealth.” That’s why we have to spend some time exercising regularly.Tired as we feel，we are lucky and happy with so many teachers，friends，and our parents standing behind us.We may ask them for help whenever we need it.Do you like my advice？I hope we will graduate from high school without regrets and be admitted to our ideal universities.Wish you success.Yours，Li Hua(二)读后续写

阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

If there’s one thing I can’t stand people saying，it’s，“I’m no good at anything...I don’t have any talent．” I just don’t buy that at all.To me，everyone has at least one talent，and while it sometimes takes you a lifetime to find，it does exist.There was a time when I didn’t believe that.What changed my mind was a seemingly(看似)small event that took place in 1953.At that time I was a high school student.I was a funny－looking skinny boy named Eugene Orowitz，who weighed barely 100 pounds.I was a good student，but as far as I was concerned，in just about every other department I was a loser.I wanted to fit in，to be someone and do something well.But I hadn’t found anything I was good at.One sunny afternoon，our gym class went out to the school’s running track．The teacher taught us all various track and field events.I was a loser in all of them.Then came the javelin(标枪)．Suddenly something inside me began saying，“Try it!Try it！” I had to wait my turn，though，because several others wanted a break at the javelin too.Shy and scared，I watched them，trying not to look too eager.Finally，when everyone had had a chance to throw—the best throw going about 30 yards—I looked at the teacher.“Hey，Orowitz，you want to try？” he asked.Embarrassed，I looked down，but managed to nod my head.“Well，come on then，” he said impatiently，and handed me the javelin.Behind me I could hear some of my classmates laughing.As I grasped the javelin in my hand，I was seized with a strange feeling—a new－found excitement.For some crazy reason，I was relaxed over what I was about to do，even though I’d never done it before.I raised the javelin over my head，took six quick steps and let the thing go．The same voice that had urged me into throwing it，now told me it was a good throw.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2．应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：

I watched as the spear took off.My heart quickened _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2：

That night I took the javelin home with me.____________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ 【写作指导】

本篇书面表达属于读后续写，要求考生根据所读短文内容，尤其是带有下划线的词或者短语的提示书写作文。根据首段可知，作者要谈的是每个人都有某种天赋，只是有时需要花时间来寻找；因此，作文中需要呼应这一点。接下来作者描述了自己投掷标枪的经历；根据全文最后一句和第一段的提示，把所有关键词连在一起，可知考生要描写作者第一次的标枪成绩和师生们的惊讶；根据第二段的提示可知，考生需要进一步描写作者勤奋训练的细节和最后的成绩。【参考范文】

I watched as the spear took off.My heart quickened as I saw it continue to sail，30 yards out，then 40.As it went past the 50－yard mark，it was still going.For a minute nothing was said.Then someone whispered，“Holy cow！”And others began cheering.Nobody could believe what little Eugene Orowitz had just done.I took the javelin back to the gym teacher．“You keep the thing，”he said，still shaking his head in wonder.That night I took the javelin home with me.The very next day I began practicing with it，and every day that summer—for six hours or more—I would throw it in a nearby schoolyard.By the time I was a member of the track team，all my practice paid

off.I threw the javelin 211 feet that year，the best throw by any high－school boy in the country.I feel strongly that we must keep our minds open；we can’t let ourselves be discouraged or depressed when the talent doesn’t readily appear.

第二篇：浙江省2016高考英语二轮复习科普知识阅读理解

科普知识阅读理解（1）

科普知识（阅读理解）由(2012山东,D)改编

For those who are tired of doing the laundry,Samsung has found an answer:a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application).Strange though it may seem—“my wife already does that”was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show(CES)this week—Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install(安装)a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them “smart”.Last year,it was a refrigerator that tweeted.This year,it’s Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.The washers and dryers,available starting in the spring,connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application.The phone can then be used as a remote control,so the machines can be turned on and off while their owner is at work or on the bus.Samsung says it’s not just something new—the app connection actually has some practical uses.“If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out,you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when you come home,so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,” said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.The company also says that with electricity rates(电价)varying depending on the time of day,more control over when the machines are used can help save money.Perhaps,but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do—enable laziness.Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done,users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.1.What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES?()A.The machine will be a big success.B.Their wives like doing the laundry.C.The machine is unrelated to their life.D.This kind of technology is familiar to them.2.What can we learn about the new laundry machines?()A.They can tell you when your clothes need washing.B.They can be controlled with a smartphone.C.They are difficult to operate.D.They are sold at a low price.3.We can conclude from Samsung’s statements that

.A.the app connection makes life easier B.it is better to dry clothes in the morning C.smartphones can shorten the drying time D.we should refresh clothes back at home 4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?()A.The laundry should be frequently checked.B.Lazy people like using such machines.C.Good technologies also cause problems.D.Television may help do the laundry.语篇解读:本文属于科普知识类。对于那些讨厌洗衣服的人来说,Samsung为他们找到了解决办法:一种智能洗衣机可以通过灵巧的手机来控制,使得生活更加便利,但是好的技术同样会产生问题。

答案及剖析:1.D 事实细节题。第二段提到,出席产品展销会的人员说“my wife already does that”,这是他们对新型智能洗衣机的普遍反应。由此可知,他们都非常熟悉智能洗衣机的操作流程,故选D。

2.B 事实细节题。根据第一段“...when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application).”可得出答案。

3.A 推理判断题。文章第六段提到,如果你早晨甩干的衣服忘记拿出来了,你可以拿出手机重启烘干机,这样你的衣服就焕然一新了。由此可以推断出这种新型洗衣机给生活带来了便利。

4.C 主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“...enable laziness.Rather than...users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.”可知,先进的技术同样会带来问题,故选C。【疑难词汇解读】

from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively.Depression，which researchers agree has its origin in the genes，brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate—making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently.Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese’s inability to face it.Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy.Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available.“Most patients in China just don’t get help，”a Chinese doctor says.“In my hospital，I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning，just have time to say ‘Hello，how do you feel？’”

In Western countries，people are not afraid to admit that they have depression，but most do not tell it to their boss，because they fear that they will be stricken_off_the_rolls.“In my experience，aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it.Because they feel the most secure about themselves，” an American doctor says.Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.1．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression.B．Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work.C．Depression is a commonly­existing problem only in rich countries.D．The poorer and the less educated a person is，the less he will suffer from depression.2．Compared to normal people，the depressed people are likely to be________.A．very unconfident and often absent­minded B．easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks C．working efficiently and productively D．either weak or lazy 3．Depression becomes more serious in China because of________.A．the understanding of the problem B．the lack of treatment and doctors C．their unwillingness to tell it to their boss D．the doctors’ careless work 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists.5A．Dreaming does harm to one’s mood.B．Dreaming affects the quality of sleep.C．It’s hard to find out the secrets of dreaming.D．It’s not so important to know the cause of dreaming.4．What does the text focus on? A．Dreams and memories.C．The benefits of dreams.B．Dreams and emotions.D．The patterns of dreams.5．In which part of a magazine can this text be found? A．Entertainment.C．Science.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了梦的好处，即可以改善学习和情绪。

1．解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，为了证实梦对学习有帮助，Robert Stickgold做了这次实验，而实验结果表明选手的技能有所提高，根据本段最后一句“Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.”可推知，梦对学习各种技能都是有帮助的，故选B。答案： B 2．解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Another important task of dreams...emotions(情绪)．”和最后一句“In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood...”可知，梦有助于改善心情，故选C。答案： C 3．解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.”可知，作者认为关于我们为什么会做梦的解释不止一个，但也没必要非要有一个解释。答案： D 4．解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要说明了梦的好处：有助于改善学习和情绪。答案： C 5．解析： 推理判断题。根据文章主旨可知，文章是关于梦的科学研究方面的知识，所以最可能在杂志的有关科学的栏目里找到此文章，故选C。答案：C。

B．Tourism.D．Advertisement.

第三篇：2014届高考高三英语二轮复习专题强化专练：阅读理解(含解析)

2014届高考高三英语二轮复习专题强化专练：阅读理解（5）（含

解析）

There are various reasons why cancers appear to be on the increase.For one thing, though their sufferers are to be found in all age groups, cancers are particularly likely to attack persons in their middle and advanced years.Naturally, since people live longer these years, there are more cancer sufferers than before.Again, with better methods of diagnosis(诊断), doctors can more easily recognize cancerous growths that would formerly have passed unnoticed or that would have been wrongly diagnosed.It is also believed that certain habits and conditions of modem living, including heavy smoking and the pollution of the air, may leave people living in more cancer-causing conditions than before.We all look forward to the day when a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small.Researchers around the world are working on such a test.Most of their work deals with the examination of the blood.Researchers in Boston have found something in the blood of cancer patients that does not appear in healthy persons.The test showed which persons had cancer and which did not.It was correct more than 90 percent of the time.The researchers believe the test may be able to show cancer very clearly in its development.Cancers discovered early usually can be treated successfully.The test examines very small bits of fat in the blood called lipids(脂质).Cancers seem to change lipids although doctors do not know why.The test showed differences between the lipids of the persons with cancer and the lipids of those without cancer.The researchers say the new test could be a step to develop a simple way to check patients for cancer before the disease shows on an X-ray.1.Who will fail cancer from the study of the researchers?

A.The young.C.The man.B.The middle age and the older.D.The woman.2.The underlined words “such a test” refer to________.A.the test that shows which persons have cancer and which don’t.B.the test that may be able to show cancer very early in its development,.C.a simple medical test that cannot find cancer when it is-small

D.a new test that could be a step to develop a difficult way

3.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A.Cancers have much to do with something in patients’ blood.B.People living in better conditions are most likely to be attacked by cancer.C.X-raying is the best way to determined whether a person has cancer or not.D.Cancers have nothing to do with a person’s habits and living conditions.4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A.A simple way to cancerB.Cancers can be cured

C.How to find cancerD.Early discovery of cancer

As a human being you may have the choice of three basic attitudes towards life.You may treat life with the philosophy(哲学)of the vegetable, in which case your life will include being born, eating, drinking, sleeping, marrying, growing old and dying.The second basic attitude is to look at life as if it were a business.A great many so-called successful men and women believe that life is a business.If you believe so, your first question of life, naturally, is “ What do I get out of it? ” “ How much is this worth to me?” In a word, based on this attitude, happiness becomes a matter of successful competition.The great majority of human beings today look at life as if it were a business.The third attitude toward life is the way of the artist.Here the basic philosophy is “What can I put into it?”.They value cooperation and contribution.This point of view has been proved by history;for history remembers best those who have contributed most richly to the interests of their fellow-men.The more we

investigate(调查),the more we become certain that the artistic attitude is the only one which goes with human happiness.5.From the passage we know people who take the second life attitude ________.A.are mostly businessmenB.think of getting the interests(利益)first

C.find their happiness from hard work

whole life

6.People who are best remembered by history are probably

A.those living on vegetablesB.successful men

C.artistsD.businessmen D.take competition as their

7.We may infer from this passage that ________.A.some people are living only on vegetables

B.the artistic attitude is accepted by most people

C.the writer prefers the third life attitude

D.artists do most for the society in order to be remembered longer than others

The question of what children learn, and how they should learn, is continually being debated and redebated.Nobody dares any longer to defend the old system, the learning of lessons parrot-fashion, the grammar-with-a-whip system, which was good enough for our grandparents.The theories of modem psychology have stepped in to argue that we must understand the need of children.Children are not just small adults;they are children who must be respected as much.Well, you may say, this is as it should be, a good idea.But think further.What happens? “Education” becomes the responsibility not of teachers, but of psychologists(心里学家).What happens then? Teachers worry too much about the psychological implications(暗示)of their lessons, and forget about the subjects themselves.If a child dislikes a lesson, the teacher feels that it is his fault, not the child’s.So teachers worry whether history is “relevant” to modern young

children.And do they dare to recount stories about violence? Or will this make the children themselves violent? Can they tell their classes about children of different races, or will this encourage racial hatred? Why teach children to write grammatical sentences? Verbal expression is better.Sums? Arithmetic? No: Real-life mathematical situations are more understandable.You see, you can go too far.Influenced by educational theorists, who have nothing better to do than to write books about their ideas, teachers leave their teacher-training colleges filled with grand, psychological ideas about children and their needs.They make elaborate, sophisticated(精致的，复杂的)preparations and try out their “modem methods” on the long-suffering children.Since one “modem method” rapidly replaces another the poor kids will have had a good bellyful by the time they leave school.Frequently the modem methods are so sophisticated that they fail to be understood by the teachers, let alone the children;even more often, the relaxed discipline so essential for the “ informal” feelings the class must have, prevents all but a handful of children from learning anything.8.People do not dare defend the old system mainly because under the old system________.A.too much grammar was taught to childrenB.children were spoiled(宠坏)

C.children were treated as grown-upsD.children were made to learn passively(被动的)

9.What view do the modem psychologists hold?

A.Children must be understood and respected.B.Children are small adults and know what they need.C.Children are better off without learning lessons.D.Education of children is the responsibility of psychologists.10.What happens when teachers pay too much attention to the psychology of their lessons?

A.They find that the children dislike the lessons.B.They tend to blame students for their failure.C.They do not pay enough attention to the actual lessons.D.They no longer want to teach children history.11.Grammatical sentences are regarded as unimportant because ________.A.it is better to use verbs only

B.words are said out of natural feelings only

C.talking freely and naturally without sentences is a better form of expression

D.it is felt that formal grammar rules might cause unnatural expressions

12.According to the passage, the modern methods are understood by ________.A.neither teachers nor pupilsB.only a handful of teachers and pupils

C.the more sophisticated teachersD.everyone who enjoys the relaxed discipline of the informal classes

【答案与解析】

1.B 细节题。从第一段中的cancers are particularly likely to attack persons in their middle and advanced years可以知道癌症尤其容易在中年人和老年人的身体上发生。

2.B 词义题。第二段中的a simple medical test can find cancer while it is still small；test与后面的such a test指的是同样的一种方法，所以这里的test指的是上句的“用最简单的方法诊断早期的癌症”。

3.A 细节题。第三段中提到了cancer病人血液中的有些东西在健康人中没有，并且百分之九十以上的情况是这样的。B项与D项的意思与文章第一段中的certain habits and conditions of modern living including heavy smoking and pollution of the air may leave people living in more cancer-causing conditions不符；C项内容与文章最后一段的意思不符。

4.D 主旨题。文章在开头就交代了写作的目的，有各种不同的理由说明了为什么癌症似乎在上升，而从后面的几段我们知道科学家们正在研究一种新的早期诊断cancer的方法。

5.B 推断题。第二种人生态度是把生活看作一种生意，当然是利益最重要了。

6.C 细节题。从最后一段第四句可知。

7.C 推断题。从文章的最后一句可推知

8.D 推断题。由第一段第二句“鹦鹉学舌般地课文学习、附带鞭子的语法教学”可知，这种学习孩子非常被动。

9.A 细节题。由第一段最后一句可知：我们必须懂得孩子们的需要，还要尊重孩子们。

10.C 细节题。由第二段中“教师过多担心功课的心理暗示，忽略了功课本身”可知。

11.B 推断题。由第二段中Why teach children to write grammatical sentences? Verbal expression is better可推断出。

12.A 细节题。由最后一段中Frequently the modem methods„fail to be understood by the teachers，let alone the children可知。

第四篇：2011年高考二轮复习：写作

创新点一 深刻 ◎特征点解读

《考试大纲》对高考作文发展等级中的“深刻”作了界定，即透过现象深入本质，揭示事物内在的因果关系，观点具有启发作用。

1．透过现象深入本质。要求考生透过现象的迷雾深入思考，对现象进行“去伪存真，去粗存精，由表及里”的加工，发掘出寓于事物中的本质来。

2．揭示事物内在的因果关系。任何事物的存在都不是孤立的、偶然的，有后果就必然有前因，要善于探究事物的本源，以敏锐的目光，借助事物发展变化的脉络，探寻问题发生的原因，从而找到解决问题的方法。

3．观点具有启发作用。陈旧的、大众化的观点，不能产生振聋发聩的效果，所持观点应该具有时代感、前瞻性、震撼力，能够启人心智。

◎失误作文

荷之秋思 安徽考生

一茎残荷，挣扎于荷田之中，在冷风中瑟瑟发抖，显得格外凄凉。残荷似乎从噩梦中醒来，长叹一声。随着这声深深的叹息，往日的遭遇一齐涌上心头。

2008年的春天，我的主人突然心血来潮，说是这年头，没有什么不可能，硬要把我的根埋得深深的，把水灌得满满的，还美其名曰：“根深才能叶茂，水深才能养鱼。”于是，他们全家人一起出动，扛着锹镐，来到塘边，深挖塘泥。完工之后，再放进肥料，把我埋入塘泥下面。我周围还埋了许多我的兄弟姐妹。开始我也以为这样能够丰产丰收，长出许多藕崽，开出许多荷花，结出许多莲子，那不是我这一生最大的造化吗?可是，被埋入深泥深水之后，我就像被打入了冷宫，天天黑暗，日日阴沉，不能呼吸，不见光明，鱼儿虾儿不时骚扰，蛙儿虫儿经常嬉闹。终于有一天，我的身体骚动起来，不几天，便长出了一个幼小的嫩芽。可是我没办法向上伸展，根部没底气，胸中无营养，结果我一天天萎缩，终于沉睡在深泥之中。这就是我的第一次遭遇。

2009年，我的主人坐在塘边，长吁短叹，不时滴下几滴悔恨的泪水。他的泪水震撼了荷塘，也将我那死去的心灵唤醒。原来，主人从镇农技员那里获知，种荷花时水位不能太深了，越深越没有出头之日。于是，主人将奄奄一息的我捞起，还有我的那些兄弟姐妹，移栽到水田之中。这是一块长方形的瘦田，三四寸的浮土下面，全是石板。主人边栽边说：“这下将你栽得浅浅的，定会丰产丰收的吧？！”我听了也怪高兴的，从深塘到浅田，水位变了，我的好运也该到了。我躺在田泥里，天天盼，日日等，终于，我发芽了，长叶了，粗壮了，我呼吸着新鲜的空气，沐浴着灿烂的阳光，憧憬着报答主人的那一刻。可是，好景不长，到了端午节的时候，我突然觉得浑身无力，我的叶子渐渐变黄，花蕾慢慢枯瘪，刚刚发育的莲子，也开始变小。难道厄运再一次降临到我的头上，难道主人就这么倒霉，难道农技员是个冒牌专家，难道……“这水太浅了，头重脚轻根底浅，藕芽怎能长成？”田埂上，农技员对主人说着。

◎误区警示

本文采用第一人称，以“荷之秋思”为行文线索，从反面立意，写荷的两次不幸遭遇。但作者没有能很好地揭示荷的两次不幸遭遇的根本原因，没有能揭示事物内在的因果关系。另外，两次不幸遭遇之间也缺少必要的过渡。

◎升格作文 荷之秋思

山高月小，秋风萧索，一茎残荷，挣扎于荷田之中，在冷风中瑟瑟发抖，显得格外凄凉。

残荷似乎从噩梦中醒来，长叹一声。随着这声深深的叹息，往日的遭遇一齐涌上心头。

那是公元2008年的春天，我的主人突然心血来潮，说是这年头，没有什么不可能，硬要把我的根埋得深深的，把水灌得满满的，还美其名曰：“根深才能叶茂，水深才能养鱼。”于是，他们全家人一起出动，扛着锹镐，来到塘边，深挖塘泥。完工之后，再放进肥料，把我埋入塘泥下面。我周围还埋了许多我的兄弟姐妹。开始我也以为这样能够丰产丰收，长出许多藕崽，开出许多荷花，结出许多莲子，那不是我这一生最大的造化吗?可是，被埋入深泥深水之后，我就像被打入了冷宫，天天黑暗，日日阴沉，不能呼吸，不见光明，鱼儿虾儿不时骚扰，蛙儿虫儿经常嬉闹。终于有一天，我的身体骚动起来，不几天，便长出了一个幼小的嫩芽。可是我没办法向上伸展，根部没底气，胸中无营养，结果我一天天萎缩，终于沉睡在深泥之中。这就是我的第一次遭遇。

时过境迁，转眼又跨进了公元2009年，我的主人坐在塘边，长吁短叹，不时滴下几滴悔恨的泪水。他的泪水震撼了荷塘，也将我那死去的心灵唤醒。原来，主人从镇农技员那里获知，种荷花时水位不能太深了，越深越没有出头之日。于是，主人将奄奄一息的我捞起，还有我的那些兄弟姐妹，移栽到水田之中。这是一块长方形的瘦田，三四寸的浮土下面，全是石板。主人边栽边说：“这下将你栽得浅浅的，定会丰产丰收的吧?！”我听了也怪高兴的，从深塘到浅田，水位变了，我的好运也该到了。我躺在田泥里，天天盼，日日等，终于，我发芽了，长叶了，粗壮了，我呼吸着新鲜的空气，沐浴着灿烂的阳光，憧憬着报答主人的那一刻。可是，好景不长，到了端午节的时候，我突然觉得浑身无力，我的叶子渐渐变黄，花蕾慢慢枯瘪，刚刚发育的莲子，也开始变小。难道厄运再一次降临到我的头上，难道主人就这么倒霉，难道农技员是个冒牌专家，难道……“这田太瘦了，这水太浅了，头重脚轻根底浅，荷花无法扎深根，藕芽怎能长成?古人云，„不深不浅种荷花‟，你去年步入了深的误区，今年又走向了浅的极端，不从实际出发，不因地制宜，不实事求是，不按荷花的生长规律办事，必然要付出惨重的代价！”田埂上，农技员对主人说着，语重心长。那声音铿锵有力，掷地有声，回荡在田间地头、荷塘上空。“不深不浅种荷花”，这就是真理——荷花沉思着。

◎特征点突破技巧

1．打破思维定势，在创新意识的支配下求深刻。运用逆向思维立意，就是要打破常规的思维定势，对一种客观事物或现象从不同的角度进行求异思维，择其对立的一面，“反弹琵琶”。譬如名人名言、警句成语，都有一定的哲理性，但是，不少成语警句往往是从某一个角度而言的，随着时代的进步，人们的观念也在不断更新，这些名言警句的内容就显露出一定的局限性。2．进行思维系列训练，培养良好的思维品质。通过对思辨意识的系列训练，能使学生在文章中明辨是非，辨别优劣，分析前因后果，形成自己的独特的观点和看法。

3．通过妙言警语显示深刻。通过妙言警语显示观点的深刻性，就是运用判断句和修辞句写出令人深思、耐人寻味、富有哲理的警句妙语。

创新点二 丰富

◎特征点解读

“丰富”是高考作文发展等级的第二项要求，具体指材料丰富、论据充实、形象丰满、意境深远。1．“材料丰富”是写作各种文体文章的总要求。是指文章使用的材料种类多、数量大，内容丰赡，血肉丰满。

2．“论据充实”主要是针对议论性文章而言的。在确立了富有新意的正确观点之后，还要选用真实、典型、新鲜的论据来证明。这些在行文中的理论引证、事实例子、数字资料等要充分而有力，避免空洞的分析。

3．“形象丰满”是就写人叙事类文章而言的。它需要考生能够熟练地掌握几种描写方法，写环境，绘声绘色，让人如临其境；写人物，个性鲜明，让人物栩栩如生地站在读者面前。4．“意境深远”是就写景抒情类文章而言的。“意境”，就是指文章中那种情景交融、形神兼备的艺术境界。要创造深远的意境，就需要考生有写景状物的本领，做到寓情于景，寓理于形。

◎失误作文与你为邻

广东考生

“妈！隔壁的开门声，吵死了！”我皱着眉头，对着答案在自己刚做完的一道题目旁边打了一个大大的叉。我瞥了瞥桌子上无声走动着的闹钟，果然，又是11点半。

我们家在老城区一座旧楼里，住了多少年了，我从来没有想到这几天这么敏感地难以忍受哪怕游丝般的声响。要不是学校说高考前自习，要不是爸妈一再催促我回家吃好睡好补好身子，我就不用像现在这般忍受邻里三姑六婆不时的高谈阔论和这晚上11点半到访的恼人打扰了。老妈说：“孩子，你知道的，隔壁小王早出晚归，也够辛苦的，你知道环卫工人得一天扫多少地……”“我不管!这家真不讲文明，他有啥理由天天准时吵着我？甚至有时有婴儿的哭声!明天趁着周日，他轮休吧？你和我过去同他讲清楚!”说完我离开位置，上了床，用被子一层又一层地捂着自己的耳朵。

今晚，出奇地，很安静。我失眠了，躺在床上，睁大眼干盯着墙壁，仿佛要看穿墙壁对面任何一丝的喧扰。

天刚刚亮，我就拉着老妈，来到了对门。这户人家的门，是那种破旧的旧式铁栅门，上面早被岁月侵蚀得七七八八了。伴随着我急促的敲门声，是铁栅门发出的声响，出来—个小伙子，满脸胡茬，和一身似乎和铁门可以称兄道弟的褪了色的凌乱的衣服。“小王啊，我是隔壁的张阿姨，谢谢你啊，楼道这几天可干净了。”老妈拖着我，把我的话盖了下去。“哪里，应该的，这是您家的娃儿吧？多大了？长得可真俊。”我说：“十八了，就要高考了……”“那一定要加油啊！我给你点补身子的。”说完，他便一转身，走进了屋子，留下了满脸惊诧的我和老妈。

那是怎样的屋子呀！房间里满满地挤着一张床，旁边是席地而放的饭锅、电风扇，甚至破破烂烂的玩具。床上坐着小王的妻子，还有她怀里对我们微笑的婴儿。我呆住了。

小王走了出来，拿给我两个红鸡蛋。“这孩子，好好学习，上大学了给我们邻居也增添光彩！”

与你为邻，谢谢你，待我以真诚和爱。

◎误区警示

本文作者选取了高考前夕与邻居之间发生的事情，借以表达邻里之间要以真诚和爱相待的主题。但内容不够丰富，人物形象不够丰满，细节描写不够生动，对人物的语言描写、神态描写也不能给人如闻其声、如见其人的感觉。

◎升格作文 与你为邻

“妈！隔壁的开门声，吵死了！”我皱着眉头，对着答案在自己刚做完的一道题目旁边打了一个大大的叉。我瞥了瞥桌子上无声走动着的闹钟，果然，又是准时的夜里11点半。

我们家在老城区一座旧楼里，住了多少年了，我从来没有想到这几天这么敏感地难以忍受哪怕游丝般的声响。要不是学校说高考前自习，要不是爸妈一再催促我回家吃好睡好补好身子，我就不用像现在这般忍受邻里三姑六婆不时的高谈阔论和这晚上11点半准时到访的恼人打扰了。要知道，晚上正是我最清醒的时候，可也是我最敏感的时候。

老妈穿着睡衣，轻轻地，又或者说，蹑手蹑脚地走到我房间。“孩子，你知道的，隔壁小王早出晚归，也够辛苦的，你知道环卫工人一天得扫多少地……”“我不管我不管!管他是谁，他有啥理由天天准时吵着我？甚至有时还附送一两声婴儿的哭声！我不管！明天趁着周日，他轮休吧？你陪我过去和他说清楚！”说完我便转身而去，一头扎到床上，用被子一层又一层地捂着自己的耳朵。床“咿呀”了一下，像是一声痛苦而又无奈的呻吟。

今晚，出奇地，特别的安静。我失眠了，躺在床上，睁大眼干盯着墙壁，仿佛要看穿墙壁对面任何一丝的喧扰。

天蒙蒙亮，拽着老妈，我挺着身板来到了对门。这户人家的门，是那种破旧的老式铁栅门，上面早被岁月侵蚀得七七八八了，仿佛只需轻轻—碰，便顷刻粉碎。伴随着我急促的敲门声，是铁栅门“吱呀吱呀”的呻吟，还有一个小伙，满脸胡茬，和一身似乎和铁门可以称兄道弟的褪了色的凌乱的衣服。

“小王啊，我是隔壁的张阿姨，谢谢你啊，楼道这几天可干净了。”老妈拖着我，把我的话生生地盖了下去。“哪里，应该的，这是您家的娃儿吧？多大了？长得可真俊。”“十八了，”终于让我插上话了，“就要高考了……”“呀！那可得加油啊!来，叔叔给你点补身子的。”说完，他便一转身，走进了屋子，留下了满脸惊诧的我和老妈。

那是怎样的屋子呀！房间里满满地挤着一张床，旁边是席地而放的饭锅、电风扇，还有破破烂烂的玩具。床上坐着小王的妻子，还有她怀里对我们微笑的婴儿。我呆住了。

小王走了出来，塞给我两个红鸡蛋。“那娃儿，好好念书，上大学了给咱邻居也添添光！”说完轻轻地拍了拍我的头。我用力地点点头，踮起脚尖对小宝宝做了个鬼脸。

与你为邻，谢谢你，待我以真诚和爱。

◎特征点突破技巧

1.要做到材料丰富，需要：①注重材料的积累和整理。各种材料中，最需要关心的是生活材料。身边小事要留意观察，身外大事更要注意了解，如通过报刊、影视、网络等各种途径，从大量的信息中筛选出社会热点事件。当然还要注重经典作品的阅读。“读万卷书”可以使我们的文章具有深厚的文化内涵。②善于在写作实践中运用材料。一般来说，写人写事的文章尽量不少于三件事，也可以一个主体事件为主，以其他事件来作铺垫。

2.要做到论据充实，需要：①加强两个方面的积累；事实论据和理论论据的积累。②论据是因“论”而有“据”的，所以要尽量把中心论点切分为几个分论点，这样每一个分论点都需要一定的论据，于是论据也就派上用场了，文章就会变得论据充实。

3.要做到形象丰满，需要：①写出人物性格的不同侧面。人的性格是复杂的，往往包含着不同的甚至是矛盾的方面，所以我们要避免把人物形象简单化、平面化，而要追求人物形象的立体化。②尽可能地多描写、少叙述。必要的叙述当然是需要的，但细腻的描写可以使人物形象活起来、站起来。③运用不同手法来表现人物形象，如能全方位地进行描写，人物形象就会丰满起来。

4.要做到意境深远，需要：①善于寄情于景，做到情景交融。②善于化实为虚，多给读者一点想象的空间。③善于采用比喻象征手法，给全文增添浓厚的艺术氛围。④善于把诗意与哲理结合起来。单纯的诗意，易失之晦涩；单纯的哲理，易失之直白。若能把二者有机地结合起来，可以避免晦涩和直白，而使文章显得含蓄，有深意。⑤努力写一个“意料之外和情理之中”的结尾，营造出“言有尽而意无穷”的艺术境界。

创新点三 有文采

◎特征点解读

“有文采”是高考作文在“语言通顺”的基础上提出的高一个层次的语言标准。”《考试大纲》的四个评分点是：用词贴切、句式灵活、善于运用修辞手法、文句有表现力。

1．词语生动，就是根据语境条件使用语言，即符合外部语境的各种要求。就是要求在几个可用的词中，选出最恰当、最得体的那个，把所要表达的意思恰如其分地表达出来。究竟使用哪个词语最合适，要从具体语境出发，仔细斟酌，反复推敲。

2．句式灵活，根据抒发感情、体现思想或表达内容的不同需要，有变化地、丰富地使用不同句式，以变换节奏，可以使语言抑扬有致。

3．善于运用修辞手法，指修饰文字词句，运用各种表现方式，使语言表达得准确、鲜明而生动有力，可以化抽象为具体，变枯燥为生动，使语言表达文采斐然。

4．文句有表现力，是指语言不直白，不浅露，言简意赅，蕴含深邃的意境和深刻的哲理，让读者有咀嚼、回味的余地，能给人以启迪和教益。

◎失误作文

别让环境决定你的命运

宁夏考生

中国自古就有“时势造英雄”这说法，很早就强调环境对命运的影响。不错！一个人纵使拥有满腹才华，一身武艺，但倘若社会不能为人提供良好的发展，展示空间，那么想要成功也只是空想罢了。

而我认为，我们不能改变环境的恶劣，我们阻止不了时间带来的成长，我们回避不了成才路上的波折和磨难，所以，我们要求自己有顽强不屈的毅力和适应环境的勇气。

狼对自己身处的环境，总是不断体验，以躲避危险，发现食物，从而顽强地生存下来。它懂得，物竞天择，适者生存，面对弱肉强食的自然界的残酷，它只有依靠自己的强大，才能生存。它不能改变自然界的生存法则，于是，它改变自己。它没有屈服于环境，所以，它是生命的强者。

莲，出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖。扎根在肮脏的污泥中，莲却没有自甘堕落，而是不断净化自己，使自己变得美丽，变得高洁。尽管成长环境如此恶劣，它还是坚守住了自己。面对人们惊羡的目光，它笑了，它知道自己的付出是值得的，它知道自己的坚守是正确的。

阿里巴巴的总裁马云，出生在一个贫困的家庭，邻里也大多是没有文化的社会最底层的人，他们的孩子大都早早辍学，或跟着妈妈去市场卖菜，或跟着爸爸去建筑工地上搬砖递瓦。看着这些，小马云心里非常清楚，只有努力学习才能让自己走出这种命运，不再成为那些孩子的“翻版”。他成绩优异，英语这门课却让他头疼，爸妈没有能力支付高额的英语辅导费，他便趁着放假的时候，去高级宾馆等外国人经常出入的地方，目的只有一个，练习英语。当时有一个外国人说，相信这个孩子长大后肯定有不平凡的成就。的确，他成功了，环境并没有把他吓住，家庭的贫困也没能阻挡住他那颗有梦的心。

环境可能会制约一个人的成长，但是，环境却不能决定一个人的命运，恶劣环境中成长起来的人才比比皆是，我们没有什么理由喋喋不休地抱怨父母、家庭、学校、社会。

别让环境决定你的命运!◎误区警示

本文论述了“别让环境决定你的命运”这一中心论点，中心明确，结构清楚。但语言不够生动，不能有效地运用一些句式与修辞，缺少一定的文采。

◎升格作文

别让环境决定你的命运

陡峭的悬崖上，也有挺立的孤松；寒冷的冬天里，也有傲雪的红梅；猛烈的暴风雨下，也有翱翔的海鸥；湍急的流水中，也有溯流而上不屈的鲑鱼。

我们不能改变环境的恶劣，我们阻止不了时间带来的成长，我们回避不了成才路上的波折和磨难，所以，我们要求自己有顽强不屈的毅力和适应环境的勇气。

狼对自己身处的环境，总是不断体验，以躲避危险，发现食物，从而顽强地生存下来。它懂得，物竞天择，适者生存，面对弱肉强食的自然界的残酷，它只有依靠自己的强大，才能生存。它不能改变自然界的生存法则，于是，它改变自己。它没有屈服于环境，所以，它是生命的强者。

莲，出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖。扎根在肮脏的污泥中，莲却没有自甘堕落，而是不断净化自己，使自己变得美丽，变得高洁。尽管成长环境如此恶劣，它还是坚守住了自己。面对人们惊羡的目光，它笑了，它知道自己的付出是值得的，它知道自己的坚守是正确的。

人才的成长之路也是如此：不屈服于环境，不安于现状，不断向前，永不言弃。

阿里巴巴的总裁马云，出生在一个贫困的家庭，邻里也大多是没有文化的社会最底层的人，他们的孩子大都早早辍学，或跟着妈妈去市场卖菜，或跟着爸爸去建筑工地上搬砖递瓦。看着这些，小马云心里非常清楚，只有努力学习才能让自己走出这种命运，不再成为那些孩子的“翻版”。他成绩优异，英语这门课却让他头疼，爸妈没有能力支付高额的英语辅导费，他便趁着放假的时候，去高级宾馆等外国人经常出入的地方，目的只有一个，练习英语。当时有一个外国人说，相信这个孩子长大后肯定有不平凡的成就。的确，他成功了，环境并没有把他吓倒，家庭的贫困也没能阻挡住他那颗有梦的心。

环境可能会制约一个人的成长，但是，环境却不能决定一个人的命运，恶劣环境中成长起来的人才比比皆是，我们又有什么理由喋喋不休地抱怨父母、抱怨家庭、抱怨学校、抱怨社会，止步不前呢？

人的发展潜力是无穷无尽的，别让环境决定你的命运！

◎特征点突破技巧

1．妙用生动的词语。词语生动是指在恰当的基础上增强词语的表现力，就是要求我们选用恰当精妙的、新鲜传神的、具有形象性的、极具表现力的词语，使所描述的对象给人如闻其声、如见其形、如临其境的感觉，以增强感染力；把所阐发的事理表达得清楚明白，深刻透彻，以增强说服力。

2．巧用漂亮的修辞。巧用修辞，指在文章中巧妙地运用比喻、拟人、夸张、排比、对偶、借代、反问和设问等辞格。修辞手法的巧妙运用，能增强语言的表现力和感染力，是保证语言精彩的一个最简单也最有效的手段。运用排比，叙述则气韵流畅，描写则文笔奔放，议论则汪洋肆意，抒情则一泻千里，极易撩动人的心弦；运用比喻，语言形象生动，文章激情飞扬；运用拟人，行文新颖，精巧别致；运用反问，加强语气，摇曳多姿。

3．活用灵动的句式。在一篇文章中，能根据文章内容、体裁等特点，从强化表情达意的效果出发，恰当而自如地变换使用各种不同句式，既不显单

一、贫乏，而是丰富多样；又不显单调死板，而是变化多姿。文言语句含蓄典雅，口头用语简练泼辣，长句周详严密，短句简洁明快，独词句鲜明突出，感叹句便于抒情，对偶句铿锵凝练，反复句余韵悠然，排比句气势磅礴，反问句加重强调，引人深思。总之，要句随意转，活泼灵动。

4．善用哲理的文句。所谓有哲理的文句，往往是在精短的语句中包含着深刻的道理，其道理可以说是人们在实际生活中的体验或感悟。可以用名言警句表达哲理，可以用深厚意蕴表达哲理，可以用浓郁思辨表达哲理。

创新点四 有创意

◎特征点解读

“有创意”是对文章立意、选材、结构等方面的要求。它包括见解新颖，材料新鲜，构思新巧，推理想象有独到之处，有个性特征。

1．见解新颖，针对的是作者的认识、看法，考生要用自己的眼光去看别人见过的事物，在深刻感悟、真切体验的基础上，提出创造性的新见解。

2．材料新鲜，针对的是写作素材的选用，考生写进文章中的事例要具有浓郁的生活气息和时代感、新鲜感。不要使用陈旧俗气的事例材料，多多了解社会的热点问题对满足这一要求极有帮助。

3．构思新巧，主要是就结构而言的，指文章的谋篇布局应当以新立意，不落俗套，以巧构造，引人入胜。考生需对材料进行正面、侧面、反面等多角度的分析思考，体会和领悟所要表达的思想的深刻与重要，再结合立意选定一个恰当的角度切入，下笔成文时能够选用合适的体裁并能灵活运用多种写作方法。

4．推理想象有独到之处，是就思维过程而言的。考生应该对材料进行正面、侧面、反面等多角度的分析思考，选定一个恰当的角度切入，能够变换角色，体会和领悟所要表达的思想的深刻与重要，能够灵活运用象征、拟人、科幻等手法与形式，改变那种僵化死板的说教方式。5．有个性特征，针对的是文章的特色、风格。指文章的整体风格有鲜明的个性特色，这是对“有创意”的最高要求。

◎失误作文 光与影的合奏 山东考生

光与影有着和谐的旋律，如梵婀玲上奏着的名曲。

——题记

看光影变幻，斑斑驳驳，抑扬顿挫，于人生添一抹传奇色彩。“举世浑浊而我独清，众人皆醉而我独醒。”屈子，他用了多大的勇气才抵抗住人间的凛冽寒风，踽踽独行？他是个柔弱的文人，却也是一位坚贞的楚国大夫，正道直行，不同流合污。他是那个庞大的污浊池中一点明亮的星光，执著地坚守着内心的高洁。他眼看山河破碎，心痛滴血；他紧握手中酌笔，将正义情怀倾泻而出，至今还刺痛无数人的神经。“亦余心之所善兮，虽九死其犹未悔。”他以一曲《离骚》响彻云霄。但现实的残酷最终摧毁了他内心的光明，破灭的阴影挥之不去。于是，汨罗江边，他衣袂飘飘，将头颅高高扬起，纵身跃入江中。这一跃，成就了人世间最永恒的坚守。光与影的迷离中，幻化出一位惊世骇俗的正人君子，传唱千秋。“献我最热的一滴眼泪，我的信仰，至诚，和爱的力量，永远膜拜，膜拜在你美的面前。”林徽因，她是诗人，是建筑家，更是人间四月天。她曾经在阴影中艰难前行，病魔缠身让她痛苦不已，战争岁月的阴郁和悲怆让她的内心无法平静，但她依旧坚强，在穷乡僻壤中奔走，去深山荒郊寻访古庙、文物、遗迹，在艰苦的环境下坚持做学问，只因现实的阴影永远熄灭不了她内心的炽热光芒。她娇小柔弱，却和力与美交融的建筑凝为一体。她是幽晦林中的一抹光，回响成精神空谷中的一串清音。她的坚强，在与困难环境的交融下，奏出的音乐竟如此高亢，如此美丽动人。

人生因为有了光明而耀眼，也因为有了阴影而富有内涵。前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。我不会再为身处困境而惆怅，也不会为取得—点成绩而骄傲，因为我明白，无论是光还是影，都是人生乐谱中美妙的音符。

请让光与影合奏，谱出属于我们的奇迹。

◎误区警示

本文运用屈原和林徽因的例子很好地说明了“看光影变幻，斑斑驳驳，抑扬顿挫，于人生添一抹传奇色彩”这一主题。但文章构思不够新巧，视角不够新颖（如用第三人称给人以疏远感），分析也缺少理性。

◎升格作文 光与影的合奏

光与影有着和谐的旋律，如梵婀玲上奏着的名曲。——题记

看光影变幻，斑斑驳驳，抑扬顿挫，于人生添一抹传奇色彩。

是你告诉我，光是坚守，影是破灭，光和影的交织下，奏出一首铿锵激昂的交响曲——“举世浑浊我独清，众人皆醉我独醒。”屈子，你用了多大的勇气抵抗住人间的凛冽寒风，踽踽独行？你是个柔弱的文人，却也是一位坚贞的楚国大夫，正道直行，不同流合污。你是那个庞大的污浊池中一点明亮的星光，执著地坚守着内心的高洁。你眼看山河破碎，心痛滴血；你紧握手中酌笔，将正义情怀倾泻而出，至今还刺痛无数人的神经。“亦余心之所善兮，虽九死其犹未悔。”你以一曲《离骚》响彻云霄。但现实的残酷最终摧毁了你内心的光明，破灭的阴影挥之不去。于是，汨罗江边，你衣袂飘飘，将头颅高高扬起，纵身跃入江中。这一跃，成就了人世间最永恒的坚守。光与影的迷离中，幻化出一位惊世骇俗的正人君子，传唱千秋。

屈子，你是一抹光，在与阴影的合奏中，谱写了一曲传奇。

是你告诉我，光是坚强，影是困苦，光和影的交织下，奏出一曲温暖人心的轻音乐——“献我最热的一滴眼泪，我的信仰，至诚，和爱的力量，永远膜拜，膜拜在你美的面前。”林徽因，你是诗人，是建筑家，更是人间四月天。你曾经在阴影中艰难前行，病魔缠身让你痛苦不已，战争岁月的阴郁和悲怆让你的内心无法平静，但你依旧坚强，在穷乡僻壤中奔走，去深山荒郊寻访古庙、文物、遗迹，在艰苦的环境下坚持做学问，只因现实的阴影永远熄灭不了你内心的炽热火焰。你娇小柔弱，却和力与美交融的建筑凝为一体。你是幽晦林中的一抹光，回响成精神空谷中的一串清音。你的坚强，在与困难环境的交融下，奏出的音乐竟如此高亢，如此美丽动人。

林徽因，你是一抹光，在与阴影的合奏中，谱写了一段如此不可思议的旋律。

托尔斯泰说过：“人生的一切变化，一切魅力，一切美都是由光明和阴影构成的。”不曾知道人生在光明与阴影交织下原来如此丰富多彩。梵·高的成与败，谢娜的当红与背后的辛酸……他们，他们的光与影，都演奏着动人的音乐。

人生因为有了光明而耀眼，也因为有了阴影而富有内涵。前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。我不会再为身处困境而惆怅，也不会为取得点成绩而骄傲，因为我明白，无论是光还是影，都是人生乐谱中美妙的音符。

请让光与影合奏，奏出属于你的奇迹。

◎特征点突破技巧

1．可在构思立意与选材取材上进行创新。文章要写得视角独特，富有新意，关键在于立意与选材。这就要求考生，立意要善于跳出陈旧的框框，力求“言前人所未言，发前人所未发”。或与时俱进以求新，或自出机杼以求新，或打破定势以求新，或老歌翻唱以求新。观察事物要视野开阔，要善于联系社会时代背景，关注现实人生；并能多角度、多层面地进行观察和分析，从而透过表面现象看清事物的真实本质。2．可在文体形式与表现手法上进行创新。①选取比较得心应手的文体形式。如日记、书信，这是抒发情感、刻画内心的最好形式；章回体（可以拟写小标题），可使许多复杂的故事和情感变得条理有序；剧本，能够在有限的时间和空间中，将故事情节压缩在几个人物、几个场景和几段对话中，表现独特的主题；童话、寓言和科学幻想，有利于学生发挥自己的想象力，写出生动、新颖、神奇的故事；其他如小小说、调查报告、网络聊天、新闻、演讲词等，都可成为文体的创新形式。②采用新颖而得体的表现手法来布局结构。如日记缀连式，用之于考场作文的布局，具有层次分明、过渡简便、感情真挚等优点；镜头组接式，可以把发生在不同时间、不同地点、不同场景的不同镜头按一定的顺序有机地连接起来，可以突破时空局限，灵活自由，变而不乱，视觉强烈；散点式，即围绕一个中心，从数个点上进行发散、铺排，每个点都有一个精美的句段，数个点连成一体就是一篇优美的散文，这种“散点式”习作最突出的优点是层次明晰、语言优美、情感浓郁；小剧本式，因其时空情节集中，矛盾冲突尖锐，台词简练生动等优点而引人入胜。

3．可在语言方式上进行创新。形式的创新要落“实”，必须通过语言标志来突出文体特征，如出现年、月、日、星期、天气可表明是日记体；出现标题、电头、导语、主体可表明是新闻体；出现四、五、七字对仗句和“话说”“欲知后事如何且听下回分解”等套语可表明是章回体等等。

“有创意”的前提是有个性。在命题、立意、选材、结构、语言、表达方式等方面个性突出，别具一格，令人信服和感动的文章就是“有创意”的文章。

第五篇：2016高考英语二轮复习冲刺第4练 阅读+完形+短文改错

第4练 阅读＋完形＋短文改错

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

体裁：演讲稿 话题：成就梦想 词数：320 时间：7′

Mrs.Obama spoke to the graduates of Martin Luther King Jr.High School on Saturday in her only high school commencement(毕业典礼)speech this year.The ceremony took place in the gymnasium of Tennessee State University.The first lady told the 170 graduates that she spent too much of her time in college focusing on academic achievements.While her success in college and law school led to a good job，she said，she ended up focusing on public service.“My message to you today is that don't waste a minute living someone else's dream，” she said.“It takes a lot of real work to discover what brings you joy and you won't find what you love simply by checking mailboxes or surfing the net.”

She said MLK reminded her of her own high school experience in Chicago.“My No.1 goal was to go to a high school that would push me and challenge me，” she said.“I wanted to go somewhere that would celebrate achievement.Unfortunately，schools like this don't exist for every kid，” she said.“You are blessed.”

The first lady told graduates that failure may be a part of their college lives and careers，and that how they respond determines what they will become.“That's when you find out what you're really made of in those hard times，” she said.“But you can only do that if you're willing to put yourself in a position where you might fail.” Overcoming difficulties has been the mark of many great people，she said，“Oprah was demoted(降职)from her first job as a news reporter，and now she doesn't even need a last name，” she said of media giant Oprah Winfrey.“And then there's this guy Barack Obama.I could take up a whole afternoon talking about his failures.He lost his first race for Congress”，the first lady joked，“and now he gets to call himself my husband.”

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇美国第一夫人米歇尔·奥巴马致毕业生的演讲稿，演讲的主题是不要辜负自己的梦想。1．When choosing her high school，Mrs.Obama ________．

A．was willing to meet challenges B．was pushed to make a choice C．failed to find an ideal school D．wanted to study law 答案 A [细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“My No.1 goal was to go to a high school that would push me and challenge me”可知，她乐于面对挑战。故选A。] 2．By mentioning Oprah's example，Mrs.Obama wanted to tell graduates ________．

A．to start as a news reporter B．to work hard to get promoted C．to be brave enough to risk failing D．not to waste time doing what they dislike 答案 C [推理判断题。根据第四段第四句中的“Overcoming difficulties has been the mark of many great people”可推知，她提到Oprah，是想告诉毕业生们要勇敢地面对失败，失败只是他们大学生活和职业生涯中的一部分。故选C。] 3．What do we know about Mrs.Obama from the text? A．This was the first time she had given a speech to graduates.B．She complained about her school life in her speech.C．She is a graduate of Tennessee State University.D．She is enthusiastic about public service.答案 D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“she ended up focusing on public service”可知，D项正确；根据第一段可排除A、C两项；根据第三段可排除B项，米歇尔只是感慨这样的学校并非为每个孩子而存在，并不是抱怨她的高中生活。故选D。] 4．Where can you probably find this text? A．In a politics book.B．On a news website.C．In a graduation paper.D．On Mrs.Obama's blog.答案 B [推理判断题。本文是奥巴马夫人致毕业生的演讲稿，会成为一则热点新闻，所以应出现在新闻网站上。故选B。]

B

体裁：说明文 话题：GPS的功能 词数：365 时间：6′

Scientists know where earthquakes are likely to take place.But it is difficult for them to predict how strong an earthquake will be.Now，American researchers have found that it may be possible to predict the strength of future quakes.The Earth's crust(地壳)—the outermost surface—is made up of large tectonic plates(地质板块)．As many as 20 tectonic plates cover the Earth.They move slowly，sometimes sliding under one another.Where that happens，earthquakes can take place.Timothy H．Dixon is a geologist of the University of South Florida.He and other scientists are using the global positioning system，or GPS to measure what he calls “slow－slip” events.By that，he means slow－moving earthquakes that cannot be measured by other instruments.“They're the kind of earthquake that made the big Japan earthquake in 2011 and the Sumatra earthquake and tsunami(海啸)in 2004.So they can be the real killers.So what we think these slow－slip events are telling us is，they're letting off steam，so to speak，in areas of the fault.And if they let off enough steam，that part of the fault won't rupture．”

The more of the fault that ruptures，he says，the more powerful the earthquake is.The scientists set up a number of GPS receivers 15 years ago in Costa Rica to measure the “slow－slip” events，which take place only every year or two.People always want to know when an earthquake is going to happen.This technology cannot predict that.But Timothy Dixon says knowing how strong the quake might give officials time to improve building codes and make other preparations.“You know the earthquake is more－or－less unavoidable.Even if you don't know exactly when it's going to happen，since you know it's going to happen，and you know how big it' s going to be，you can prepare accordingly.”

【语篇解读】 通过一般的方法只能了解到可能会在哪些地方发生地震，如果用GPS则能预测地震的强度。

5．When will an earthquake happen according to the passage? A．When “slow－slip” plates meet each other.B．When a tectonic plate is under another.C．When two tectonic plates move at the same speed.D．When tectonic plates move very slowly.答案 B [细节理解题。根据第二段“sometimes sliding under one another.Where that happens，earthquakes can take place.”可知，当一块地质板块进入到另一块的下面时，地震就发生了。] 6．According to Timothy Dixon，“slow－slip” events ________．

A．can lead to large，sometimes deadly earthquakes B．take place at any time every year in Costa Rica C．mean slow and weak earthquakes D．can never be turned into earthquakes 答案 A [推理判断题。根据第四段“They're the kind of earthquake that made the big Japan earthquake in 2011 and the Sumatra earthquake and tsunami in 2004.So they can be the real killers.”可知，这种慢速的板块运动是2011年日本大地震和2004年苏门答腊地震和海啸发生的原因，它们是真正的杀手。由此可推知，这种慢速的板块运动有时会导致大的、致命的地震。] 7．The underlined word “rupture” probably means ________．

A．reduce C．appear

B．break D．advance 答案 B [词义猜测题。根据第五段可知，当这样的板块越„„，地震的强度就越大。根据常识可知，地震强度大时，板块破裂的程度就越大。故当有问题的地质板块间释放出的能量越多，这些板块就越不可能发生“破裂”。rupture意为“破裂”。] 8．The passage mainly wants to tell the readers ________．

A．some knowledge about earthquakes B．how to predict earthquakes C．scientists are likely to predict the strength of future quakes D．scientists can predict where earthquakes will happen with GPS 答案 C [主旨大意题。第一段即为主题段，根据本段最后一句并结合后面的内容可知，文章旨在告诉读者，今后科学家能够预测地震的强度。] Ⅱ.完形填空

(2015·宝鸡二检)One evening after reading a story entitled “A Lady”，I began to recall an important moment in my life.It was simple but so precious that it has __9__ inside my mind for years.It was a very cold winter evening when a friend of mine got seriously __10__ and was rushed to Westchester Medical Center，where she stayed unconscious for quite a while.Finally she was __11__．A friend and I decided to __12__ her，so we bought some flowers and were on our way.After quickly parking the car and signing in，we reached her __13__，but only a few minutes were __14__ with her.Pretty soon after our __15__，we were asked to leave by the nurses.We headed out to the car.__16__ did we know that we had to pay for parking.We had no money aside from a spare dollar or two __17__ from our lunch money that day.We had no idea what to do，so I __18__ to pay with whatever money we had，__19__ of course，I was way off.A very sweet－hearted woman cleared her throat and said “Excuse me” in order to catch my __20__．She handed me a $ 20 bill.I __21__ that she should give me her __22__ and address and I will __23__ pay her back.She refused.I thanked her for her __24__ and told her how much it was appreciated.She turned to me and __25__ with one sentence，“Thank you；being able to help you makes me happy，too.”Her words were so unusual that I was very __26__ to hear that.What she did might be considered a small act of __27__，but it is something I will never forget because it taught me that helping others could __28__ both the givers and the receivers.【语篇解读】 本文为一篇记叙文。作者无钱付停车费时得到了一个好心人的帮助，表达谢意之后对方的回答让作者感到惊讶，这让作者懂得了“予人玫瑰，手留余香”的道理。9．A.struggled C．changed

B．remained D．recovered 答案 B [根据“so precious that”可知，它很珍贵，以至于留在作者心里多年。struggle“奋斗”；remain“留下”；change“改变”；recover“恢复”。根据语境，应选B项。] 10．A.injured C．punished

B．misunderstood D．scolded 答案 A [根据后文中的“where she stayed unconscious for quite a while”可知，作者的朋友伤(injured)得很重。misunderstand“误解”；punish“惩罚”；scold“责骂”。] 11．A.mad B．ill C．awake D．asleep 答案 C [根据前文中的“she stayed unconscious for quite a while”及下文作者和朋友决定去看她可知，此处表示她终于醒(awake)了。] 12．A.look B．pity C．find D．visit 答案 D [根据后文中的“so we bought some flowers and were on our way”可知，作者和一个朋友决定去探望她。visit“拜访，探望”，符合语境。] 13．A.room B．home C．school D．office 答案 A [前文提到作者和一个朋友去探望那个受伤的朋友，后文提到护士要求他们离开，因此他们是去了她的病房。] 14．A.counted B．saved C．added D．allowed 答案 D [根据后文中的“Pretty soon after our __15__，we were asked to leave by the nurses”可知，作者和朋友只被允许和她在一起待几分钟。allow“允许”，符合语境。] 15．A.experience C．disappearance

B．arrival D．interview 答案 B [探视时间很短，所以作者和朋友到达病房后很快就被护士请了出来。experience“经历，经验”；arrival“到达”；disappearance“消失”；interview“采访”。故选B项。] 16．A.Little B．Actually C．Clearly D．Much 答案 A [根据“did we know”可知，此处使用了部分倒装，选项中只有将表示否定意义的词little放于句首才能构成倒装，因此选择A。] 17．A.earned C．exchanged

B．left D．borrowed 答案 B [根据前文可知，作者和朋友不知道要付停车费，后文提到他们不知道该怎么办，所以他们除了吃午饭剩下的一两美元外就没钱了。leave“留下，剩下”，符合语境。] 18．A.attempted C．afforded

B．pretended D．continued 答案 A [根据前文中的“We had no idea what to do”及“so”的因果关系可知，此处表示作者试图(attempted)用所有能拿出来的钱来支付。pretend“假装”；afford“买得起”；continue“继续”。] 19．A.because C．although

B．and D．or 答案 B [作者想用所有能拿出来的钱来支付，当然还是差很多。前后为顺承关系，所以选择B。] 20．A.smile C．attention

B．word D．impression 答案 C [根据前文中的“cleared her throat and said‘Excuse me’”可知，对方是想引起作者的注意。catch one's attention“吸引某人的注意力”。] 21．A.insisted C．thought

B．imagined D．believed 答案 A [根据语境可知，作者坚持让对方留下联系方式以便以后把钱还给她。insist“坚持”，符合语境。从句中使用了虚拟语气。] 22．A.account B．title C．contract D．name 答案 D [根据后文中的“and address and I will __23__ pay her back”可知，作者希望她把姓名(name)和地址留下以便于以后还钱。] 23．A.probably C．publicly

B．certainly D．honestly 答案 B [作者很感激对方，说将来一定(certainly)要把钱还给她。probably“可能”；publicly“公开地”；honestly“诚实地”。] 24．A.publicity C．generosity

B．loyalty D．creativity 答案 C [对方递给了作者20美元，帮助作者付了停车费，因此作者感谢她的慷慨相助。publicity“公开，宣传”；loyalty“忠诚”；generosity“慷慨”；creativity“创造，创造力”。故选C项。] 25．A.started C．followed

B．shouted D．replied 答案 D [此处指对方用一句话回答了作者。reply“回答，回应”。]

B．anxious D．calm 26．A.frightened C．surprised 答案 C [根据对方的话以及“so unusual”可知，作者感到吃惊。frightened“害怕的”；anxious“焦虑的”；surprised“吃惊的”；calm“平静的”。故选C项。] 27．A.respect B．order C．kindness D．belief 答案 C [她的做法可能被认为是小的善举，因此选择C。respect“尊敬”；order“命令”；kindness“善良，善举”；belief“信仰”。] 28．A.protect B．attract C．direct D．benefit 答案 D [此处指帮助别人能使给予帮助和受到帮助的人都受益。protect“保护”；attract“吸引”；direct“指挥”；benefit“有益于”。故选D项。] Ⅲ.短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

The summer holiday is coming.I am going to do much things that I want to do.For examples，firstly I will join a soccer club，because I like playing the soccer.During this holiday，I want to practice more improve my skills.Secondly I will go to see my grandma，which I miss very much.Because I want to stay with him for several days.Lastly I will help my mother do some housework.She has been really tiring during my school days.Besides taking care of me，she also had to work in a factory.Therefore，help her on holiday is what I want to do most.答案 The summer holiday is coming.I am going to do

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hastiredwork in a factory.Therefore，help her on holiday is what I want to do most.helping