第一篇：现在完成时的讲解和练习
现在完成时讲解和练习
现在完成时讲解
一． 基本结构：助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二． 句型：
否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定)
No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.(否定)三．用法
（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果
I have spent all of my money(so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)
Guo zijun has(just/already)come.(含义：郭子君现在在这儿)
My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.①for+时段
②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从„„以来）
③since+时段+ago
④since+从句（过去时）
●⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）
Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四． has gone(to),has been(to), has been(in)的区别
Have/Has gone(to):去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been(to):去过（已不在去过的地方）My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）
My father has been in Shanghai for two months./since two months ago.五．现在完成时的标志
1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:
* 以already, just和yet为标志
He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。He hasn't come back yet.他还没有回来。
* 以ever和never为标志
This is the best film I have ever seen.这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。He has never been to Beijing.他从没有到过北京。
* 以动作发生的次数为标志
He says he has been to the USA three times.他说他已经去过美国三次了。
* 以so far（到目前为止）为标+before
He has got to Beijing so far.到目前为止他已到了北京。She has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。
2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。
*
①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点（过去 从句）为标志
注意： 1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago等;2)不能与when连用 2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用
六．过去分词
1、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：
(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited
(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived ，(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i”，再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried
(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped、不规则动词：
AAA型
原型 过去式 过去分词 burst burst burst hurt hurt hurt let let let
cast cast cast
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
hit hit hit
put put put
set set set
shut shut shut
spread spread spread read read read read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/
AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型
become became become
run ran run
come came come
特殊情况
ABB型
bring brought brought
buy bought bought
build built built
burn burnt burnt
catch caught caught
dig dug dug
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
hear heard heard
hold held held
keep kept kept
lay laid laid
lead led led
lose lost lost
make made made
meet met met
sell sold sold
shoot shot shot
sit sat sat
stand stood stood
sweep swept swept
teach taught taught
tell told told
think thought thought
win won won
ABC型
begin began begun
blow blew blown
break broke broken
choose chose chosen
draw drew drawn
drive drove driven
drink drank drunk
fly flew flown
forgive forgave forgiven
forget forgot forgotten
freeze froze frozen
give gave given
grow grew grown
know knew known
ride rode ridden
rise rose risen
ring rang rung
shake shook shaken
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
swim swam swum
throw threw thrown
write wrote written 七． 瞬间动词（buy, die, join, come，go ,leave, join „„）不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词
buy----have borrow-----keep come/arrive/reach/get to-----be in go out----be out leave----be away begin-----be on finish----be over
open----be open close-----be closed die----be dead ★1.have代替buy
My brother has had(不能用has bought)this bike for almost four years.★
2、用keep或have代替borrow
I have kept(不能用have borrowed)the book for quite a few days.★
3、用be替代become
How long has your sister been a teacher? ★
4、用have a cold代替catch a cold
Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.★
5、用wear代替put on
b)用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词
1、be＋married代marry
2、be＋ill代fall(get)ill3、be＋dead代die
4、be＋asleep代fall(get)asleep
5、be＋awake代wake/wake up
6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave7、be＋open代open
8、be closed代close/shut9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose
c)用“be＋副词”代终止性动词
1“be＋on”代start, begin
2“be＋up”代get up
3“be＋back(to)”代return to, come back to, go back to
4“be here(there)”代come(arrive, reach, get)here或go(arrive, reach, get)there等等
d)用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词
1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to
2.用be in the army 代替join the army
3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to
常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：
1.have arrived at/in sw.got to/reached sw.come/gone/moved to sw.→have been in sw./at„相应的介词
2.have come/gone back/returned → have been back
3.have come/gone out →have been out
4.have become → have been
5.have closed / opened→ have been close/open
6.have got up → have been up；
7.have died → have been dead；
8.have left sw.→ have been away from sw.9.have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep；
10.have finished/ended/completed → have been over；
11.have married → have been married；
12.have started/begun to do sth.→ have done sth.；
13.have begun → have been on
14.have borrowed/bought →have kept/had
15.have lost → haven’t had
16.have put on →have worn
17.have caught /get a cold → have had a cold；
18.have got to know → have known
19.have/has gone to → have been in
20.have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army
→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier„
现在完成时练习(一)A)选用have, has填空:
1.I _______ told him the news.2.She ________ come back from school.3.You ________ won the game.B)按要求改写下列各句:
4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)_________________________________________ 5.He has lost his book.(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)_________________________________________ C)单项选择
6.-Where have you _____, Kate?
-I've ______ to the bank.A.gone, gone B.been, been C.gone, been D.been, gone 7.Her grandfather ______ for two years.A.died B.has died C.has been dead D.has been died 8.It's six weeks ______ I met you last.A.when B.since C.before D.for
9.Tom and Jack have arrived at West Hill Farm already.A.have got B.have gone to C.have been to D.have reached 现在完成时练习
（二）一、单项选择。
1、Both his parents look sad.Maybe they _________what's happened to him.（呼和浩特）
Ａ.knew Ｂ.have known Ｃ.must know Ｄ.will know
2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?
Ａ.already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ.still
3、Have you met Mr Li ______？
Ａ.just Ｂ.ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago
4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two years.Ａ.is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written
5、—Our country ______ a lot so far.—Yes.I hope it will be even ______.Ａ.has changed;well Ｂ.changed;good
Ｃ.has changed;better Ｄ.changed;better
6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years.Ａ.was;studying Ｂ.will;study
Ｃ.has;studied Ｄ.are;studying
7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.Ａ.know Ｂ.had known Ｃ.have known Ｄ.knew
8、Harry Potter is a very nice film.I_______ it twice.Ａ.will see Ｂ.have seen Ｃ.saw Ｄ.see
9、—These farmers have been to the United States.—Really ? When _____ there ?
Ａ.will they go Ｂ.did they go
Ｃ.do they go Ｄ.have they gone
10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?
—Yes.I _____ it a moment ago.Ａ.Did;do;finished Ｂ.Have;done;finished
Ｃ.Have;done;have finished Ｄ.will;do;finish
11、His father ______ the Party since 1978.Ａ.joined Ｂ.has joined Ｃ.was in Ｄ.has been in
12、—Do you know him well ?
— Sure.We _________ friends since ten years ago.Ａ.were Ｂ.have been Ｃ.have become Ｄ.have made
13、—How long have you ____ here ?
—About two months.Ａ.been Ｂ.gone Ｃ.come Ｄ.arrived
14、Hurry up!The play __________ for ten minutes.Ａ.has begun Ｂ.had begun
Ｃ.has been on Ｄ.began
15、It _____ ten years since he left the army.Ａ.is Ｂ.has Ｃ.will Ｄ.was
16、Miss Green isn't in the office.she_______ to the library.Ａ.has gone Ｂ.went Ｃ.will go Ｄ.has been
17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.Ａ.have been in Ｂ.have been to
Ｃ.have gone to Ｄ.have been
18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A.so they B.don’t they C.have they D.haven’t they
19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A.How soon, comes B.How often, got C.How long, came D.How far, arrived 20、His uncle____for more than 9 years.A.has come here B.has started to work C.has lived there D.has left the university
二、句型转换。
1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句）
2、They have been here since 2000.(对划线部分提问)____ ＿＿＿＿ they been here?
3、The old man _________ last year.He＿＿＿＿
for a year.(die)（动词填空）
4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)This factory ________ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换)Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years.（同义句）
Her mother _______ the Party three years ________.7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago.(同义句转换)_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)___________________________________________
三、汉译英。
1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。
2、他昨天收到一封信。
3、我父亲以前到过长城。
4、她还没有看过那部新电影。
5、她去过上海。
6、他这些天上哪儿去了？
参考答案：
一、单项选择。
1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是Ｂ。
2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。
3、C
4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故4应选D。
5、C
6、现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故6应选C。
7、C
8、现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故8应选B。
9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。故9的正确答案为B。
10、B
11、现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。故11的正确答案依次为：D。
12、B
13、A
14、C
15、A。
16、“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”，指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故16的正确答案为A。
17、A
18、D
19、C 20、C
二、句型转换。
1、has he?
2、How long
3、died, has been dead
4、has been open
5、has been away
6、joined；ago
7、It is, since
8、The bus has been here for ten minutes.三、汉译英。
1、Jim has finished doing his homework already.He is free now.2、He received a letter yesterday.3、My father has been to the Great Wall before.4、She hasn't seen the new film yet.5、She has been to Shanghai.6、Where has he been these days？
第二篇：一般过去时和现在完成时对比练习
一，按要求改写句子。
1, They have already had lunch.(改为一般疑问句)
（就划线部分提问）
3, Lily and Lisa have heard the news.(改为否定句)
4, We have painted the room for 8 hours.（就划线部分提问）
5, never, been, Turkey, the, engineers, have, to, before.（连词成句）
二，完成下列句子。
1,--Have you typed the letter for the boss?
--Yes, I_____the letter an hour ago.2,--I want to see the Great Wall because I_____never_____it before.3, Mary_____(lose)her way, so she must ask for help.4,--Have you found the lost pen?
--Yes.I_____it when I cleaned the room.5, _____he make an appointment the day before yesterday? 6, The seaman_____away from his home for 3 months.7, Miss Chang is not here.He has _____to the airport to the
airport to meet his friends.8, Tim has_____in Australia for six months.9, I know why you _____(tell)Lucy the news last night.10, Could you tell me what they _____(say)to you two days ago?
第三篇：现在完成时和一般过去时专项练习
现在完成时和一般过去时专项练习
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空。1.--_____ you _____(have)lunch yet?---Yes，---When____ you _____(have)it?---I______(have)it at 12:00.2._____ she _____(write)a letter to her aunt yet?Yes, She__________(write)it the day before yesterday
---Not yet.4.I _________(sing)the English song before.5.I ____ never _____(see)him before.6..She_____ just _____(ride)a horse?
7.Tom with his mother _________(shop)just now..8.Sam ________(go)to school by bike last year.9.My brother _______(join)the army in 1999.10.My brother _______(be)in the army since1999.11.John_________(not watch)TV last night.12.She ______(do)her homework already.13.Where is Jack? He______(go)the park.14.I _________(read)the magazine yesterday.16.We_______(play)football five hours ago.17..Mike ______ already ______(finish)the work.18.We ___________(run)out of money.What shall we do?
19.I _____ just ______(lose)my math book.21.My father _____ never____(eat)ice cream.22.I __________(work)here since 1995.23.The_______(teach)English since they to this school.24.We __________(learn)1000 words so far.25.Tom ____________(be)away for three days.He will come back tomorrow.26.The teacher _________(leave)two days ago.27.The teacher______(be)here since two days ago.28.---_____ you ______(clean)the room yet?--Yes, we __________(do)that already.--When _______ you ______(do)it?---We _______(do)it an hour ago.29.---______ he ______(see)this film yet?--Yes,he _____.--When _____ he _____(see)it?--He ____ it last week.30.I _________(read)the book twice.It’s interesting.31—Where’s she?
.--She ________(go)to Pairs.--How ______she ______(go)there?--She _______(go)there by air._(improve)their environment.33.Mr Chen _____(give)up smoking last year.34.Mr Chen ______(give)up smoking since last year.35.It’s ten years since I ________(meet)her.36.This is the most interesting book that I_________(read).37.She _________(work)in this hospital in 2005.38.She _________(work)in this hospital since 2005.39.I __________(clean)my room two hours ago.40.I ________(clean)my room since two hours ago.41 The old men ____________(live)in the house for ten years.(go)the shop.43.The sun ________(rise)since five o’clock.44.I’m sorry I’ve already_______(forget)your name.45.My leg _______(hurt)a lot last night.46.They ________(eat)a lot of chichen already.______(give)the book back to the library?--Not yet.48.My uncle _______(teach)English for ten years.He loves his job.49.I ________(spend)five hours watching TV last weekend.50.He’s just _______(tell)us a story.二、按要求变换句型。
1.I have already eaten the food.(否定句)2..We have ever read this book..(否定句)
3.The plane has arrived.(否定句)
4.She’s lent some money to others.(否定句)5.She has already visited her aunt.（一般疑问句并肯定回答）
6..My father has already hadlunch.（一般问句并否
定回答）
7.I have ever read this story.（一般问句并肯定回答）
8.He’s ever ridden a horse.（一般问句并否定回答）
9.He took photos in the park.（一般问句并否定回答）
10.She’提问)
提问)提问)提问)提问)
15.I’ve been a teacher 提问)16.She’提问)提问)提问)19.He was a worker three years ago.(改成现在完成时)
He_____ ____ a workerthree years ago.20.We began to study English five years ago.(改成现在完成时)
We______ _____ English since five years ago.21.He bought the bike in 2005.(改成现在完成时)He_____ ____ the bike_____ 2005.22.The teacher left two hours ago.(改成完成时)The teacher_____ ______ ____since two hours ago 23.．(对划线部分提问)
_______________ _____ Maria and Jane waited at the airport?
24.Jim left Chongqing 3 days ago because of his new work．(改为同义句)
Jim has _______________ from Chongqing for 3 days because of his new work．
25.She’s already gone to England.(否定句)She ____________ to England ________.26.They’ve left there.(一般疑问句)______ they _______ there?
27.I’ve been a teacher 提问)____________ you ______ a teacher?
28.He was a worker three years ago.(用since three years ago改写句子)
He_____ ____ a worker since three years ago 29.The teacher left two hours ago.(用since two hours ago改写句子)
The teacher____ ____ ____since two hours ago 30.The film ended an hour ago.(同义句)The film____ _____ _____ for an hour.31.The old man died five days ago.(同义句)The old man_____ _____ ____ for five days..32.我们买这本书三年了.We ____ ______ the book for three years 33.他感冒三天了.He ____ _____ a cold for three days 34电影开始了一小时了
The film _____ _____ ____for an hour 35自从上星期以来,我就借了这本书.I ______ ______ the book since last week 36.Mr.Black死了三年了
Mr.Black _____ _____ ______ for three years 37.自从三年前以来Tom就离开了中国。
Tom _____ _____ _______from China since three years ago.提问)39.He put the ice into the blender(提问)
三．改错
1.We hasn’t finished the work already.______ 2.We have worked in Beijing ago._________ 3.Have you eat your dinner? _____________ 4.My mother has bought her computer for threeyears._________
5.How long have you borrowed this book?___ 6.I have read this book since I arrive here.____ 7.She has taught here since ten years._______
8.He’s never come to Chongqing, neither is his
四、用have/has been to, have /has gone to, have/has been in 填空
1.Mike and his parents ______ the north for half a year.2.Mum is not at home now.She _______ the shop.3.______ you ever _____ to Kunming? Never.4.Where _____ you ______ these days? 5.-Has Jim arrived yet?Yes,-He ____ here for several days.6.Where is Peter? I don’t know where he ________.7.Hi Jim!Where ____ you ____ ? Li Lei is looking for you.五、用for或since填空
1.We haven’t seen each other ______ a long time.2.His father has been in the Party _____ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on ______ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here ______ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _____several years.6.It’s five years _______ we met last time.7.They’ve watched TV play ______ nine.六、单项选择
（）1.--Where’s Jim?
--He ___ to the shop.He’ll be back in an hour.A.went B.has beenC.has goneD.will go()2.I don’t think I____ you wear that dress before.A.have seenB.seeing C.sawD.see()3.－Is your father in?
－No, he _______ for three hours.A.was not B.has been outC.went out D.has gone out
()4.Have you finished the task ______?
A.justB.alreadyC.yetD.never()5.— _____ you ____ your homework yet ?—Yes.I _____ it a moment ago.A.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;have finished D.will;do;finish()6.—How long have you ____ here ?—About two months.A.been B.gone C.come D.been in
()7.—I have been to the zoo twice.How about
you,Mike?---_______.A.Me tooB.Me eitherC.Me neitherD.I don’t ,either
()8.--I haven’t been to the Great Wall.--_________.A.Me too B.Me either C.Me neither D.so have I()9.—Mary is very tall.--____.A.So her father isB.So is her mother
C.Neither is her mother D.Neither her mother is()10.The two old friends ____ each other for years．
A．haven’t seenB．didn’t seeC．weren’t seenD.aren’t seeing
()11.I ________ to Canada twice.It’s so beautiful.A.won’t goB.have goneC.don’t goD．have been()12.My aunt isn’t here．She _______ Shanghai on
business．
A．goesB．has gone toC．has been toD．will go to
()13.— Rita, your Chinese is very good.--______ have you been in China?--Since I was five.A.How long B.How far C.How soonD.How often()14.—____you ____the film Harry Potter 5? —Not yet.I’ll see it this Sunday.A.Did, see B.Are, seeingC.Have, seen D.Do, see too
()15.Miss Gao _____ this school since 1996.A.has come to B.came toC.has been in D.has been to
()16.Miss Green isn’t in the office.she____ to the
library.A.has gone B.wentC.will goD.has been()17.My parents _____ Shandong for ten years.A.have been inB.have been to C.have gone toD.have been
()18.My father _____ Shanghai twice.A.has been toB.has been inC.has gone toD.has gone in()19.Did you______ the story?
A.hear from B.hear ofC.hearD.hear in(all the time.A.walkB.walking C.to walkD.walked
()21.Our teacher, Miss Chen, _____ English on the radio the day before yesterday.A.teachesB.taughtC.will teachD.had taught()22.Harry Potter is a very nice film.I ____ it twice.A.will seeB.have seenC.sawD.see()23.— ______ you _____ your homework yet ?—Yes.I _____ it a moment ago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;have finishedD.will;do;finish()24.His father ______ the Party since 1978.past two years.A.is writing B.was writingC.wroteD.has written
()35.—Our country ______ a lot so far.—Yes.I hope it will be even ___.A.has changed;well B.changed;goodC.has changed;better D.changed;better()36.—These farmers have been to the United States.—Really? When ___ there?
A.will they go B.did they go
A.joinedB.has joinedC.was inD.has been in
C.do they goD.have they gone()25.Linda _______ the museum after school
yesterday.()37.—Do you know him well ? A.was going toB.has been to
— Sure.We _____ friends since ten years ago.C.went toD.has been in
A.wereB.have been
()26.The girl _________ a tour guide since she left
C.have becomeD.have made the school.A.have beenB.wasC.has beenD.is()38.The factory _____ since 1987.()27.Have you ____ heard of Disneyland ?
A.opened B.has opened
A.alwaysB.everC.neverD.often
C.was openedD.has been open
()28.Hurry up!The play _____ for ten minutes.()39.I’ll lend you my bike, but you can only __ it
A.has begun B.had begun C.has been on D.began
for two days.()29—Will you go shopping this afternoon or
A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.take tomorrow morning,Nancy?
--________ is OK.I am busy all the time.I()40.It _____ ten years since he left the army.really have no time.A.isB.hasC.willD.was
A.NeitherB.either C.BothD.All
()41.Miss Green isn’t in the office.she____ to the
()30.She will have a holiday as soon as she _____
library.the work next week.A.hasgoneB.wentC.will goD.has been
A.finishes B.doesn’t finish
()42.My parents _____ Shandong for ten years.C.will finishD.won’t finish
A.have been in B.have been toC.have gone to D.()31.Both his parents look sad.Maybe they
have been
____what'happened to him.()43.My father _____ Shanghai twice.A.knewB.have known
A.has been to B.has been in
C.must knowD.will know
C.has gone toD.has gone in
()32.He has _____ been to Shanghai, has he ?
A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still
()33.Have you met Mr Li ______?
A.justB.agoC.beforeD.a moment ago
()34.The famous writer __one new book in the
第四篇：一般过去时和现在完成时练习、答案、语法总结
一般过去时（simple past tense）
一、单项选择： 从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
()1． My father ___________ ill yesterday．
A． isn'tB． aren'tC． wasn'tD． weren't
()2．___________your parents at home last week﹖
A． IsB． WasC． AreD． Were
()3． Thetwins ___________in Dalianlast year． They __________ here now．
A． are;wereB． were;areC． was;areD． were;was
()4． __________ yesterday﹖
A． Was;beforeB． Is;beforeC． Was;afterD． Is;after
()5． —Who was on duty last Friday﹖
—___________．
A． I amB． I wasC． Yes, I wasD． No, I wasn't
()6.I cleaned my classroom ___________.Awith three hoursBthree hours ago
Cin three hoursDthree hours before
()7.I ________ _______ ________ my house two days ago.Acome back toB came back toC comes back toD is back to
()8.___________?He did some reading at home.AWhat does your father do yesterday evening
B What does your brother do in the school
C What did your brother do over the weekend
D Where did your brother go last Sunday
()9.What did you do ________? I went to the movies.A next morningB at weekends
C last weekendD next Monday
二、用正确动词形式填空。
1.I _________(have)an exciting party last weekend.2._________ she _________(practice)her guitar yesterday?No, she _________.3.What ________ Tom ________(do)on Saturday evening?
He ________(watch)TV and __________(read)an interesting book.4.They all _________(go)to the mountains yesterday morning.5.She _________(not visit)her aunt last weekend.She ________(stay)at home and _________(do)some cleaning.6.When ________ you _________(write)this song? I __________(write)it last year.7.My friend, Carol, ________(study)for the math test and ________(practice)English last night.8.________ Mr.Li __________(do)the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.9.How _________(be)Jim's weekend? It _________(be not)bad.10.________(be)your mother a sales assistant last year? No.she __________.三、翻译下列句子。
1.我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。
I _________ _________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.2.Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本英语书。
Jenny likes _________ __________.She _________ an English book last night.3.Emma每天都看电视。可是昨天他没有看。
Emma__________ TV every day.But he _________ ________ ________ yesterday.4.上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。
What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?
They _________ __________ homework and _________ __________.5.今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。
This morning Fangfang.had to cook breakfast because his father _____ _____ ____
yesterday.6.为什么你昨晚看电视？ Why _______ you _______ TV last night?
7.他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。
When he ______ the classroom, he ______ a watch on the ground.8.他什么时候出生的？1980年。---When _______ he _______?---_______ 1980.四、改写句子：
1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改为否定句）
Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge.（改为一般疑问句)
___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?
3、There was some orange in the cup.（改为一般疑问句)
_______ there _______ orange in the cup?
4.Frank read an interesting book about history.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?
5.Why not go out for a walk?（写同义句）
_______ ________ ________ out for a walk?
6.Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book.（写否定句）
Thomas______ _____RMB 10 on this book.（就划线部分提问）
________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?
8.Sally did some reading last morning.（改为否定句）
Sally _______ ______ some reading last morning.总结：
动词变化规则
1.直接加ed：work--worked ,2.以e结尾的单词，直接加d：live--lived以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：study studied
4以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：enjoy enjoyed以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed： stop stopped
一般过去时的时间状语
1.yesterday(morning, afternoon, evening)2.the day before yesterday
3.last night(week, Sunday, weekend, month, winter, year, century）
4.ago5.in 1980(过去年份）
6.this morning/afternoon/evening7.when引导的状语从句（过去）
8.in the past9.just now
10.the other day--a few days ago11.at the age of 10(过去年龄段）
12.in the old days
Be 动词的一般过去时态
（1）在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词，am is 的过去式为was;are的过去式
为were.句子结构：__________________________________
如：I was late yesterday.（昨天我迟到了。）
（2）否定句句子结构：__________________________________
如：We weren't late yesterday.(我们昨天没迟到)
（3）疑问句句子结构：__________________________________
如： Were you ill yesterday?（你昨天病了吗？）
肯定回答： Yes, I was.(是的，我病了。)否定句： No, I wasn't.(不，我没病。)
（4）特殊疑问句句子结构：__________________________________
如：When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？
实义动词的一般过去时态
肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do和 does 的过去式
did.（1）肯定句为：__________________________________
如： I went home at nine o'clock yesterday.（我昨天九点钟回的家。）
（2）否定句：__________________________________
如：I didn't go home yesterday.(我昨天没回家。)
（3）疑问句：__________________________________
如： Did you go home yesterday?(你昨天回家了吗？)
肯定回答： Yes, I did.(是的，我回了。)否定回答：No, I didn't.(不，我没
回家。)
助动词和情态动词过去式如下：
shall―should（将要）用于第一人称单数will―would（将要）用于所有人称can—could（能，会）may―might（可以）must―must（必须）
have to―had to（不得不）
助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。
例： I had to do my homework yesterday.(昨天我不得不做作业。)
答案：
一、单项选择：1--5 CDBAB6--9BBDC
二、1.had2.Did;practice;didn't
3.did;do;watched;read4.went5.didn't visit;stayed;did
6.did write;wrote7.studied;practiced8.Did;do;did
9.was;wasn't10.Was;wasn't
三、1.spent a busy but2.reading books;read
3.watches;didn't watch TV4.did;do last;did their;went shopping
5.wasn't at home6.did;watch7.cleaned;found8.was;born;In
四、1.didn't do2.Did;find any3.Was;any
4.Did;read5.Why don't you go6.didn't spend
7.where did your;go8.didn’t do（总结）
1、Be动词：（1）主语+was(were)+表语（2）主语+was(were)+not+表语
（3）Was(Were)+主语+表语（4）特殊疑问词+was(were)+主语+表语
2、实义动词：（1）主语+动词过去式+宾语（2）主语+didn't +动词原形+宾语
（3）Did +主语+动词原形+宾语
现在完成时（present perfect tense）
一、单项选择： 从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。
()1.The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten
()2.—Our country______ a lot so far.—Yes.I hope it will be even ______.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;good C.has changed;betterD.changed;better
()3.Zhao Lan ______already______in this school for two years.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying
()4.We ______ XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew
()5.Harry Potter is a very nice film.I______ it twice.A.willseeB.have seenC.sawD.see
()6.—______ you ___ yourhomeworkyet ?
—Yes.I _____itamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finished
C.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;finish
()7.Hisfather______ thePartysince1978.A.joinedB.has joinedC.was inD.has been in
()8.—Do you know him well ?
—Sure.We _________ friends since ten years ago.A.wereB.have beenC.have becomeD.have made
()9.—How long have you____ here ?
—About two months.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived
()10.Hurryup!Theplay __________ fortenminutes.A.has begunB.had begunC.has been onD.began
二、用正确动词形式填空。
1.____ you ever __________(travel)on a train before?
2.---____ Wei Hua _____(come)yet?
---Yes.She_______(come)already.She ______(come)just now.3.---How long _____you __________(learn)English?
---For more than two years.4.They _______________(live)in China since they _____(move)to China.5.______ you _______(read)today’s newspaper yet?
6.I_______ already _______(see)the film.I _________(see)it last week.7.-----_______ he ________(finish)his work today ?------Not yet.8.-----_____you _______(be)to Hong Kong ?
----Yes, I ________________(be)there twice.9.-----_______ you ever ________(eat)chocolate sundaes ?----No, never.10.My father ____ just ________(come)back from work.He is tired now.三、翻译下列句子。
1.吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。
Jim _______ _______ _______his homework already.He _______ _______ now.2.他昨天收到一封信。
He_______a letter yesterday.3.我父亲以前到过长城。
My father_______ _______ _______the Great Wall before.4.她还没有看过那部新电影。
She _______ _______ the new film yet
5.她去过上海。
She _______ _______ _______ Shanghai.6.他这些天上哪儿去了？
Where _______ _______ _______these days？
四、改写句子：
1.I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句)
I ______ ________ been to Macau before.2.He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问)
________ ________ ________ _________ learned English ?
3.I bought a new bike just now.(用just改写)
I _______ just ________a new bike.4.We began to learn English three years ago.(写同义句)
We _______ _______ English ________ three years.就划线部分提问)
_______________ he_______ here?
6.The bus has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)__________________________________
7.Mr.Li began to teach English in this school in 1999.（写同义句）
Mr.Li _______ _________ English in this school since 1999.8.Two of the scientists have been to the North Pole.(改为疑问句)
__________________________________
总结：
现在完成时：过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
现在完成时的时间状语
现在完成时是一个与过去时间和现在时间都有关系的时态，因此，具有这样特征的时间状语都可以与现在完成时连用，具体情况有以下几种：
1.与表示一段时间的状语连用，如“ for ＋时间段”，“ since ＋时间点”。
例：We have lived in this city for more than 40 years.We have lived in this city since 1958.从以上两个例句我们可以看出，与表示一段时间的状语连用时，谓语动词常为 stay, live, teach, learn, work, sleep, read, wait, keep 等具有延续性意义的动词。
2.与笼统表示过去时间的状语连用，如 already, never, ever, just 等。含有这类时间状语的句子，其谓语动词表示句中的行为或动作发生在过去，但对现在有影响。
例： I've just found this library book.3.与表示包含过去和现在的一整段时间的状语连用，如 lately, recently, in the past few years, these few years, these days, up to now, so far 等。例： How have you been recently ？
注意：现在完成时不能与单纯表示过去时间的状语连用，如 yesterday, last week, in 2002, three days ago 等，因为它们与现在毫无关联。比如我们不能说： Han Mei has seen the film two days ago.因为 two days ago 是单纯指过去的一个时间点，只说明“看”这一动作是在两天前发生的，与现在无关。但是，只要将它改为 since two days ago 就可以用在现在完成时的句子里了，因为它已经含有从过去到现在的时间段的意义了。
句型基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词如 done
①肯定定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语.例句：__________________________________②否定句：主语+have/has not+动词的过去分词+宾语.例句：__________________________________
③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语.例句：__________________________________
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）例句：__________________________________
第五篇：现在进行时讲解练习
现在进行时讲解与练习
现在进行时：
表示现在正在进行的动作，由“be动词 + 动词的现在分词”构成。通常会出现now;right now;these days;at this moment;at present;It’s 5 o’clock,;Look!listen!等提示词。1.表示现在正在进行的动作和发生的事情。
如：--what are you doing?--I’m reading a book.2.有事表示现阶段正发生的事情，但此刻动作不一定正在进行。如：--He is teaching at the school these years.现在进行时的肯定句:（1）第一人称：主语 + am + 现在分词 I am watching TV.我现在看电视。（2）第三人称单数：主语 + is + 现在分词 She is washing clothes.她正在洗衣服。（3）第二人称及复数人称：主语 + are + 现在分词 They are playing games.他们正在做游戏。
现在进行时的否定句:
主语 + 相应be动词 + not + 现在分词 He isn't watching TV.他没在看电视。I am not cooking.我没有在做饭。
We aren't having English class.我们没在上英语课。◆注意◆ is not和are not可缩写为isn't和aren't。
现在进行时的一般疑问句: 相应be动词 + 主语 + 现在分词 + ……？ Are you dancing? 他们正在跳舞吗？
Is he drawing a picture? 他正在画一张画吗？ Are you talking with your friend? 你正和你的朋友谈话吗？ 现在进行一般疑问句的答语: 句型:（1）肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + 相应be动词。（2）否定回答：No, 主语 + 相应be动词 + not。
Are you listening to the music? Yes, I am./ No, I am not.你正在听音乐吗？是的，我正在听。/ 不，我没在听。
要特别注意有些动词没有进行时态.1、表示状态、思想、感情和感觉的动词，如：see, hear, love, know, want, hope, think等，没有进行时态。
2、当have/has作为“拥有”时，没有进行时态，但表示“开会，吃饭，玩得高兴”等意思时，可以用进行时表达。
I am having many books.（这是错误的句子）I am having a good time.（这才是正确的句子）
现在分词的构成：
现在分词是由动词+ing构成的，其方法如下：
（1）一般情况下直接加ing.如：reading, watching, cleaning.（2）以不发音的e结尾的词，去掉e再加ing.如： take---taking, make---making(3)重读闭音节的情况，先双写一个辅音字母然后加ing.如：put---putting.（4）以ie结尾，去掉ie变为y然后加ing。如：die--dying
现在进行时练习题: 一.写出下列动词的现在分词形式
work___________ sing__________ play__________ study__________ dance__________ have__________ write__________ take__________ run__________ sit__________ shop__________ swim__________ lie__________ drop__________ eat__________ make__________
二.将下列句子变成现在进行时：（1）I work in a factory.______________________________________________________(2)He studies in a school.___________________________________________________(3)They watch TV every day._________________________________________________(4)We read English every morning.____________________________________________
三.翻译下列句子：（1）我正在写信。
_________________________________________________________（2）他正在洗衣服。
_______________________________________________________（3）Tom正在踢足球。
_____________________________________________________（4）Sarah正在打扫房间。
四．选择题练习
1.Who ______________ over there now? A.singing B.are sing C.is singing D.Sing
2.It’s eight o’clock.The students _____ an English class.A.have B.having C.is having D.are having
3.Listen!The baby _____ in the next room.A.crying B.cried C.is crying D.Cries
4.Look!The twins _____ new sweaters.A.are wearing B.wearing C.are wear D.is wearing
5.Don’t talk here.Grandparents _____.A.is sleeping B.are sleeping C.sleeping D.Sleep
五.填空：
1.The teacher is busy.He __________(sleep)six hours a day.2.Listen!Joan __________(sing)in the classroom.She often __________(sing)there.3.The girl __________(like)wearing a skirt.Look!She __________(wear)a red skirt today.六.根据中文意思完成句子
1、学生们在干什么？有一些在打电话，另一些躺在沙滩上。_____ _____ the students _____? Some _____ _____ on the phone, _____ _____ _____ on the beach.2、“格林先生在看电视吗？” “不，他在打扫房间。”
“_____ Mr Green _____ TV?” “_____, He _____ _____ the house.”
3、魏芳不是在读书，她在写信。
Wei Fang _____ _____ a book.She _____ _____ a letter.4、我正在通过收音机学(learn)英语。I _____ _____ English on the radio.
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