高中英语阅读理解 第三部分 名人故事(一)练习

第一篇：高中英语阅读理解 第三部分 名人故事(一)练习

第三部分 名人故事

（一）1.Alfred Nobel, Founder of the Nobel Prizes

阿尔弗雷德•诺贝尔—诺贝尔奖的创始人

在世界科学史上，有这样一位科学家：他不仅把自己的毕生精力全部贡献给了科学事业，而且还在身后留下遗嘱，把自己的遗产全部捐献给科学事业，用以奖掖后人，向科学的高峰努力攀登。今天，以他的名字命名的科学奖，已经成为举世瞩目的最高科学大奖。他的名字和人类在科学探索中取得的成就一道，永远地留在了人类社会发展的文明史册上。这位伟大的科学家，就是世人皆知的瑞典化学家、诺贝尔奖的创立人阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔。

诺贝尔奖颁发给在物理，化学，医学，文学，和平和经济六个领域中成就最突出的人。Some names have become famous because they are always connected with important things.One of these names is that of Alfred Nobel, who founded the famous Nobel Prizes.Nobel was born in Sweden in 1833.He became an engineer and an inventor.He was particularly interested in explosives.These were very dangerous in those days, and Nobel's own brother was killed in an explosion in their factory.In 1867, Nobel invented dynamite.This was a very powerful explosive, but unlike the others it was safe to handle.The invention made Nobel a very wealthy man.However, he was never particularly happy.He realized that his invention was being used for warlike purposes, and that thousands and perhaps hundreds of thousands of people were being killed and injured in wars with his explosives.When he died in 1896, he left over 3 million pounds to be spent setting up five prizes each year.These prizes were to be given to people who had made outstanding contributions to peace, to science, and to literature.Originally there were five rewards: literature, physics, chemistry, medicine and peace.Economics was added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first award ceremony.These Nobel Prizes became famous and because of them we still remember the name of Nobel.Comprehension Questions:

A.it is less powerful and safe to handle.B.it is more powerful but less safe to handle.C.it is both powerful and safe.D.it won't kill people.4.Rich as he was, Alfred Nobel was never particularly happy because ______ A.his dynamite was not safe enough.B.his explosives were being used in wars.C.his brother was killed by the explosives invented by him.D.he had killed hundreds of thousands of people with explosives.5.Those who had made outstanding contributions to peace, to science and to literature ______ A.could get three million pounds.B.were given five prizes each year.C.could see Alfred Nobel himself.D.could receive Nobel Prizes.(CACBD)

2.The General and the Corporal, A Story

About George Washington 将军和下士—乔治•华盛顿的故事

乔治·华盛顿，美国首任总统（1789～1797），美国独立战争大陆军总司令。1789年，当选为美国第一任总统，因对美国独立作出了重大贡献，被尊为美国国父。他有一句关于自由的名言：“由于剑是维护我们自由的最后手段，一旦这些自由得到确立，就应该首先将它放在一旁。” 下面这篇小故事通过一件平凡事，反映了一个伟人的博大胸襟。

George Washington was the first President of the United States.It was he who led the armies during the long war that brought the American people independence and made America a free country.He was a great man, not only in great things, but also in little ones.He was never too great to do a kindness.He was never too high to stoop to those who were lower than he and in need of help.Then Washington ran up, and with his strong arms gave them the help they so much needed.The big log was lifted on the breastwork, and the men looked their thanks at the stranger who had been so kind.“Why don’t you take hold and help your men?” Washington asked the corporal.“Why don’t I? Don’t you see that I am the corporal?”

“Oh, indeed,” said Washington, as he unbuttoned his overcoat, and showed the uniform which he wore.“Well, I am the general, and the next time you have a log too heavy for your men to lift, send for me!”

You can imagine how the little corporal felt when he saw it was General Washington who was standing before him.It was a good lesson for him, and there are little men still living who may learn a good lesson from the story.Comprehension Questions: 1.______ he was a great man, George Washington was ready to do a kindness.A.Because B.Though C.If D.As long as 2.At first the corporal and the soldiers did not know ______ A.who was the general.B.who was Washington.C.what the general was.D.the man was Washington.3.The corporal was ______ A.too little to do the heavy job.B.too weak to help his men.C.so great that he could not do such a small thing.D.feeling he was such an officer that he was ashamed of giving help.4.The little corporal felt very ______ when he knew it was General Washington who was standing before him.A.glad B.proud C.sorry D.crazy 5.When do you think the story most probably took place? ______ A.During the War of Independence.B.During the Civil War.C.During World War I.D.During World War II.(BDDCA)

生产力的发展作出了杰出贡献。他改良了蒸汽机、发明了气压表、汽动锤。后人为了纪念他，将功率的单位称为瓦特，常用符号“W”表示。

People had known about steam power for hundreds of years, but they did not know how to apply it to machines.About 300 years ago, some mining engineers discovered that they could use steam power to force water out of deep mines.This helped miners dig deeper than ever.But little more was done with steam power until one man, James Watt, discovered how to make steam turn a wheel.When he was a boy, James Watt's parents had scolded him for playing with mechanical things.There were few complicated machines then.And almost nobody could make a living by fixing them.So Watt's parents thought that fooling around with machines was a waste of time.But someone asked Watt to repair a steam coalmine pump.Watt fixed the pump and he began to build models of other pumps.Once Watt had built his first steam engine, steam power was used to do many things.Machines were built that could weave, spin, grind flour, drive a boat or a train, and even make other machines.Nearly anything that needed pushing or turning could be powered by steam.Within 50 years of Watt's invention, steam engines were producing and transporting things in ways that were impossible with muscle, wind, or waterpower.Comprehension Questions:

1.James Watt was the first person who ______ A.applied steam to machines.B.discovered steam power could be used to force water out of deep mines.C.helped miners to dig deeper than ever.D.discovered how to make steam turn a wheel.2.Steam power was not used to turn a wheel until ______ A.three hundred years ago.B.some mining engineers discovered how to force water out of deep mines.C.James Watt was born.D.James Watt found out the way of doing so.5.Nearly half a century had passed ______ A.since James Watt's steam engines were used widely.B.until James Watt had invented his steam engines.C.before steam engines could be used to produce and transport things.D.and steam engines were doing things that were impossible to be done in the past.(DDACD)4.Galileo, Famous Italian Astronomer

伽利略—意大利著名天文学家

伽利略·伽利雷(1564～1642)是意大利文艺复兴后期伟大的意大利天文学家、力学家、哲学家、物理学家和数学家。也是近代实验物理学的开拓者，被誉为“近代科学之父”。传说1590年，出生在比萨城的意大利物理学家伽利略，曾在比萨斜塔上做自由落体实验，将两个重量不同的球体从相同的高度同时扔下，结果两个铅球同时落地，由此发现了自由落体定律，推翻了此前亚里士多德认为的重的物体会先到达地面。

Galileo(1564-1642)was an Italian physicist and astronomer.He was born in Paris, where he studied medicine and later became professor of mathematics.During this period he made two important discoveries.The first was that a pendulum always wings at the same time.The second was that bodies of different weights fall with the same speed.He made the second discovery by making an experiment from the leaning tower of Pisa.Galileo was one of the first men to look at the skies through a telescope.He discovered that the moon has mountains and valleys, that the Milky Way is made up of innumerable stars, and that Jupiter has four large satellites.He discovered sunspots and noticed that they move across the surface of the sun.In 1632 Galileo was condemned by the Inquisition because, like Copernicus, he had stated that the earth traveled round the sun.The Church's view then was that the earth was the center of the Universe.Galileo was tried by the Inquisition and forced to say he was wrong.He lived the rest of his life under house arrest.Comprehension Questions:

B.the moon has mountains and valleys.C.sunspots move across the surface of the earth.D.there are innumerable stars in the Milky Way.4.The Inquisition condemned Galileo because ______ A.what he said about the movement of the Earth didn't agree with the Church's view.B.he said that the Earth was the centre of the Universe.C.he liked Copernicus.D.he was wrong.5.As a result, Galileo ______ A.knew that he was wrong to say that the Earth was the centre of the Universe.B.knew that he was wrong to say that the sun was the centre of the Universe.C.lost his freedom.D.changed his view.(DDAAC)

5.Mozart, Well-known Austrian Composer

莫扎特—奥地利著名作曲家

莫扎特，奥地利作曲家，维也纳古典乐派的代表人物。1756年1月27日生于萨尔茨堡，1791年12月5日卒于维也纳，享年仅35岁。1762年，6岁的莫扎特在父亲的带领下到慕尼黑、维也纳、普雷斯堡作了一次试验性的巡回演出，获得成功。莫扎特的短暂一生写出了大量的音乐作品，体裁形式涉及到各个领域，留下了许多不朽的杰作。

Mozart Wolfgang Amadeus(1756-1791)was born in Salzburg, Austria.He had love for music when he was only three and took daily music lessonsfrom his father, a musical director.When he was five, he could not only play several musical instruments, but also had composed a number of short pieces of music.When he was seven he went with his family on a long music tour.Everywhere he went, he won great applause for his harpsichord, organ and violin playing.From the age of 13, he began to give concerts.In 1781, he moved to Vienna, where he met Haydn and they became great friends.This friendship proved to be important to both men, each learning a great deal from the other.Both composed their best music during the 10 years of their friendship, which ended only at Mozart’s early death.Comprehension Questions: 1.Mozart was born in ______ A.a rich family.B.a poor family.C.a musical family.D.a big family.2.Mozart was warmly welcomed everywhere he went because ______ A.he was very small.B.he had composed a number of short pieces of music.C.his father was a well-known musical director.D.he was very good at playing several musical instruments.3.If Mozart hadn’t made friends with Haydn ______ A.he wouldn’t have died so early.B.he couldn’t have composed such wonderful music as he really did.C.his music couldn't have received so much praise.D.his music would have become better than that of Haydn.4.Mozart’s health began to break because ______ A.he had worked too hard.B.he got too little money for the music that he had composed.C.his music was well received by the public.D.he had to support his family.

第二篇：2015年高中英语阅读理解 第三部分 名人故事(二)练习

第三部分 名人故事

（二）6.Johann Strauss, Another Famous Austrian Composer 约翰•施特劳斯—另一位奥地利著名作曲家

约翰·施特劳斯，奥地利的轻音乐作曲家、指挥家、小提琴家。出生在维也纳的一个音乐家庭，与父同名。小施特劳斯从小非常热爱音乐，耳濡目染受到父亲的音乐熏陶。他最著名的作品有《美丽的蓝色多瑙河》、《艺术家的生涯》、《酒与女人之歌》、《维也纳性情》、《维也纳森林的故事》、《维也纳糖果》和《春之声》等120余首维也纳圆舞曲，被誉为“圆舞曲之王”，其父老斯特劳斯被誉为“圆舞曲之父”。

Johann Strauss was born in Vienna in 1825.His father, a well-known musician, was a strange and moody man.He did not want any of his children to be musicians.He whipped young Johann because the boy insisted he should study music.At last, Johann left his family permanently.He felt sad about leaving the family because the wonderful music he always had with him at home was gone forever.The only good thing about the family separation, it seemed, was that young Johann would be free to study music.The dance called the waltz developed from a peasant dance in three-quarter time.The waltz became popular in Vienna, so it was only natural that Johann would be attracted to it.The orchestra Johann‟s father had directed was prepared to break up when the elder Strauss suddenly died.Young Johann offered to take his father‟s place.Most of the musicians questioned that a young man would expect to fill the shoes of a famous father.They did not take into consideration that the son already had an orchestra of his own which was becoming well known.Finally, one of the members persuaded the others to let the two orchestras be combined.Their first performance was a memorial concert played in his father‟s honor.Soon Vienna was paying tributes to the son.He wrote such famous waltz as Tales form the Vienna Woods and the Beautiful Blue Danube, and his music is still played today.His waltzes are as beautiful and timely as when Strauss first wrote them.Comprehension Questions:

1.Johann Strauss left home permanently because ______ A.he felt sad.B.the wonderful music he always had at home was gone forever.C.he wanted to study music freely.D.he didn't want to learn music from his father.B.most musicians didn't believe that young Strauss' feet were as big as his father's.C.most of the musicians thought he was unable to do so.D.most of the musicians considered him able to do so.4.Johann directed the first performance of the newly combined orchestra ______ A.because people didn't believe his ability.B.because one of the members persuaded the others to let him direct the orchestra.C.in memory of his father.D.because he could enjoy the honor of his father.5.Tales from the Vienna Woods is ______ A.a collection of stories written by Johann Strauss.B.a piece of famous waltz by Johann Strauss.C.as good a story as The Beautiful Blue Danube.D.a piece of beautiful waltz written first by Johann Strauss.(CBCCB)7.Charles Chaplin, King of the Film World

查理•卓别林—电影之王

查理·卓别林，英国电影演员，导演和制片人。1889年4月16日生于伦敦，1977年12月25日卒于瑞士科西耶。从1919年开始，卓别林独立制片，此后一生共拍摄80余部喜剧片，其中在电影史上著名的影片有《淘金记》、《城市之光》、《摩登时代》、《大独裁者》、《凡尔杜先生》、《舞台生涯》等。这些影片反映了卓别林从一个普通的人道主义者到一位伟大的批判现实主义艺术大师的过程。

More than one hundred years ago, in 1889, Charles Chaplin was born into the world.When a poor boy, he was often seen waiting outside the London theatres, hoping to get work in show business.His dream came true in the end.Chaplin became world-famous and almost a king in the world of the film.People everywhere have laughed at Chaplin‟s film until tears ran down their faces.From his very first appearance they know what to expect from the little man with a black moustache, wide-open eyes, a round black hat and shoes too large for his feet.He will fight men who are twice his size and fall in love with women who hardly noticed him..” Comprehension Questions: 1.Where do you guess Chaplin was from? ______

A.The USA.B.England.C.France.D.Canada.2.Why did Chaplin wait outside the London theatres? ______ A.Because he wanted to see some plays.B.Because he was asked to do something in show business.C.Because he wanted to find work in show business.D.Because he wanted to be a film star.3.What did Chaplin like to do in films? ______ A.To act as a poor man.B.To get into trouble.C.To make stupid mistakes.D.To make people laugh.4.What should we do if we want to succeed according to Chaplin? ______ A.We must have a secret.B.We have to learn a lot of performing skills.C.We should trust ourselves.D.We should tell others how to succeed in life.5.Charles Chaplin was considered to be ______

A.the king over the world.B.a very funny actor in the film.C.the best actor in the film world of his day.D.the best film producer of the world.(BCACC)

8.Louis Braille, the Man Who Made It Possible

For the Blind to Read and Write 路易斯•布雷尔—他使盲人读写成为可能

At first people did not believe that the system of Louis Braille was possible or practical.One day a girl who had been blind since she was born played the piano beautifully at a concert.Everybody was pleased.Then the girl got up and said that the people should thank Louis Braille, who had made it possible for her to learn music and to play the piano.Some of Louis‟ friends went to his home to see him.He was sick in bed.They told him what had happened.Louis began to cry.He said, “This is the third time in my life that I have cried.First, when I became blind.Second, when I heard „night writing‟, and now because I know that my life has not been a failure.”

A few days latter Louis died.He was only 43 years old.Comprehension Questions:

1.The Braille system is made up of _______ A.dots

B.dashes.C.holes.D.letters.2.Louis Braille wrote a book using the “Braille” system _______ A.not long after he arrived at the system.B.long before he arrived at the system.C.long after he arrived at he system.D.because people didn‟t believe his system.3.People began to believe that the Braille system was possible and practical as they ______ A.saw the blind girl play the piano beautifully.B.were asked to thank Louis Braille.C.were quite pleased with the blind girl.D.were told that the blind girl couldn‟t have succeeded without the Braille system.4.For the third time Braille cried because he knew_______ A.some of his friends had come to see him.B.he was sick in bed.C.he had succeeded in his life.D.he would die in a few days.等人的名声大，但他在艺术史上的位置却不容忽视。他的“图普医生的解剖学课”系列雕塑为他赢得了世界声誉。

Holland‟s most famous artist was Rembrandt van Rijn.He was born in Leyden in 1609, and even at an early age his drawing was brilliant and his understanding of light and shade was unusual among the artists of his day.In 1631, he settled in Amsterdam and painted a group of portrait called The Anatomy Lesson of Doctor Tulp.It can be seen in the Mauritshuis Museum today.Rembrandt made a lot of money, but spent it just as quickly and was always in debt.His style, however, continued to mature and in 1634 he painted another group of portrait, known as The Night Watch.It is one of his finest works.The painting is now in the Rijn-museum in Amsterdam.After that, Rembrandt‟s reputation began to fall.So did his eyesight and funds.His art, however, did not fall, and his greatest masterpieces were produced towards the end of his life.He died in 1669, after giving to the world 600 paintings, including his wonderful self-portrait, landscapes and religious work paintings that are among our greatest treasures.Comprehension Questions:

1.When Rembrandt was very young, ______ A.his drawing caused great admiration.B.people liked his brightness.C.he was an unusual artist of his day.D.he left Amsterdam.2.Rembrandt was always in debt because ______ A.he earned little money.B.he spent his money as quickly as he earned.C.he lent his money to his friends.D.he liked to borrow money from others.C.Rembrandt was at the height of art in 1934.D.Rembrandt‟s art declined towards the end of his life.(ABBAA)

10.John Baird, Inventor of the First TV Set

约翰•贝尔德—电视机的发明者

贝尔德，出生在英国，电视机的发明者。1929年，英国广播公司允许贝尔德公司开展公共电视广播业务。1930年，他语出惊人，提出了“彩色电视系统”构图。为此理想，百折不挠，顽强奋斗，终于在1941年12月测试成功。年仅56岁便与世长辞。他的坚忍不拔的科学家精神，为电视研发可以说鞠躬尽瘁，永怀世人心中。

An important thing can have a small beginning.The first television picture that was ever seen was not exciting.It was only a picture of a face, and the picture only traveled a few meters.But to the inventor, John Baird(1888-1946), it was wonderful.Baird had always been interested in science, but not all of his experiments had been successful.In 1900, when he was twelve, he and some friends built a private telephone system.It worked well, but one night a storm pulled down the wires.A man standing in the street was hurt by the falling wires, and the boys‟ telephone system had to be closed down.A few years later, Baird and a classmate built a plane, which they launched(with John in it)from a roof.Luckily, it fell on some grass, so John wasn‟t badly hurt.After studying electrical engineering at the University of Glasgow, John Baird got a job in a power station that supplied electricity to the Clyde Valley in Scotland.When he used the power supply at the station for one of his experiments, all of the electricity in the Clyde Valley was cut off!That was the end of his job.At this time, one of Baird‟s friends in Trinidad, Godfrey Harris, had often written to Baird about the wonderful climate there.Now John decided to go to live in Trinidad.When he arrived, Harris told him about a business idea that he had thought of.He said that he wanted to start a jam factory.Baird agreed, and they started the factory together.But, because they didn‟t know anything about making jams, all kinds of terrible things happened.Some kinds of insects fell into the jam.Also, when they put the jam into the jars, it spoiled.Finally, Baird became ill and left Trinidad.15-year-old boy.In January 1926, members of the British Royal Institution came to see his invention.Happily, Baird‟s demonstration was a success.Comprehension Questions:

1.Baird was interested in science ______

A.when he was studying at university.B.from his early childhood.C.only when was in his thirties.D.after he failed in a business.2.It took John Baird ______ to invent his television system.A.quite a long period B.almost three years C.no more than two years D.all his life 3.John Baird decided to go to Trinidad because ______

A.he had some inventions to make there.B.he wanted to go in for trade.C.he had jam factory to manage.D.the weather there was fine.

第三篇：2015年高中英语阅读理解 第三部分 名人故事(五)练习

第三部分 名人故事

（五）21.Albert Einstein, a Great Scientific Thinker

艾伯特•爱因斯坦—伟大的科学思想家

艾伯特•爱因斯坦，举世闻名的德裔美国科学家，现代物理学的开创者和奠基人。爱因斯坦的狭义相对论成功地揭示了能量与质量之间的关系，解决了长期存在的恒星能源来源的难题。近年来发现越来越多的高能物理现象，狭义相对论已成为解释这种现象的一种最基本的理论工具。其广义相对论也解决了一个天文学上多年的不解之谜，并推断出后来被验证了s的光线弯曲现象，还成为后来许多天文概念的理论基础。大大推动了现代天文学的发展。

Albert Einstein(1879-1955)was one of the greatest and most original scientific thinkers of all time.Born of Jewish parents at Ulm in Germany, he completed his education in Switzerland and got his Ph.D.at the University of Zurich.He went to live in the United States in 1933 because of the rise of Nazism in Germany and Hitler’s persecution of the Jews.In 1905, while still at Zurich, he published his Special Theory of Relativity, which was based on things everyone may have noticed.If two trains are standing alongside each other and one train starts to move, a person sitting in the train may wonder whether his own train is moving or the other is moving, and before he finds out what is happening, he can see that one train is moving relative to the other.From this and also from other more complicated facts, Einstein came to the conclusion that all motion is relative and that there is really no such thing as absolute motion.Some of the other conclusions he drew are that nothing can go faster than light, and that if something such as a ruler was moving faster and faster it would seem to get shorter and shorter as its speed was near the speed of light.By 1915, Einstein had made known his General Theory of Relativity.He also improved on Newton’s theory of gravity.Most of his theories have been tested and found to be true though some may sound strange.For his important work he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics.Towards the end of his life, Einstein was asked by a group of students to explain his complicated Theory of Relativity.He said, “When you sit with a pretty girl for an hour, it seems like a minute;but when you sit on a hot stove for a minute, it seems like an hour.That is relativity.” Comprehension Questions:

C.still in Switzerland at the age of twenty-six.D.still at the University of Zurich at the age of thirty-six.3.One of the conclusions drawn by Einstein is that ______ A.planes can go faster than trains and buses.B.people couldn't run as fast as vehicles.C.light goes the fastest of all things.D.two trains can never go at the same time.4.Einstein added that if something such as a ruler was moving, it would seem to get shorter and shorter ______ A.because the ruler itself was short.B.when it was moving faster and faster.C.because we can't see it clearly.D.because the ruler was broken into pieces.5.Albert Einstein was world-famous for his ______ A.Special Theory of Relativity.B.General Theory of Relativity.C.improving on Newton’s theory of gravity.D.all his work mentioned above.(DCCBD)

22.Madame Curie, the First Winner of Two Nobel Prizes

居里夫人—第一位两次诺贝尔奖获得者

居里夫人，波兰裔法国籍女物理学家、放射化学家。一位影响过世界进程、伟大无私而又谦逊质朴的女性；在科学探索中坚毅刻苦、锲而不舍并取得卓越非凡功绩的人；第一位两次诺贝尔奖获得者；原子能时代的开创者之一。1903年和丈夫皮埃尔·居里及亨利·贝克勒尔共同获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，1911年又因放射化学方面的成就获得诺贝尔化学奖。

with another scientist, metallic radium.For this she received the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.So she was the first to get a second Nobel Prize.Comprehension Questions:

1.Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage? ______ A.Madame Curie was a chemist and physicist.B.Warsaw is the capital of Poland.C.It was Marie’s father who had her interested in science.D.Marie Curie and Pierre Curie studied at the Sorbonne.2.According to Marie Curie’s report in 1898, ______ A.there was a new powerful radioactive element existing in some metal.B.the two elements polonium and radium existed in pitchblende ores.C.some new powerful radioactive elements might exist in pitchblende ores.D.she had found out the nature of uranium.3.The 1930 Nobel Prize for Physics was given to ______ A.Madams Curie.B.Pierre Curie.C.the Curies.D.the Curies and Becquerel.4.After husband’s death, Madame Curie ______ A.succeeded in becoming a professor of physics at Sorbonne.B.took his place and became a professor of physics at the Sorbonne.C.was a successful professor of physics at the Sorbonne.D.was successful as a professor of chemistry at the Sorbonne.5.Madame Curie was the first to ______ A.get a second Nobel Prize for Chemistry.B.win the Nobel Prize as a woman.C.win a second Nobel Prize.D.discover radioactivity.(DCDBC)

23.Abraham Lincoln, the 16 American President

亚伯拉罕•林肯—美国第16任总统

th

already left the Union;four more states would soon follow them.The start of the Civil War was only weeks away.Many people doubted Lincoln's ability to pull the Union together.He was then just a country lawyer.He had only a few years of schooling, and he had served one term in Congress.His only real fame came from a serious of debates over slavery.Lincoln's firm stand against slavery helped him win the Republican nomination for president.Lincoln did keep the Union together by the only way possible---winning the war.He slowly built the North's army into a powerful fighting force.By such acts as freeing the slaves, Lincoln won wide support.In 1865, he began his second term.He hoped to bring the South back into the Union without bitterness on either side.Six weeks later, he was murdered, his great task still unfinished.The following is detailed information about Lincoln’s death.On April 14, after a very busy day, the President and his wife went to see the performance of a play at Ford’s Theater in Washington.In an inn near the theater was a 25-year-old unsuccessful actor named John Wilkes Booth.He was a supporter of the defeated South.As the play was going to start again after the interval, Booth entered the theater and walked slowly towards the President’s box and opened the door.The sound of a shot broke in and Booth leaped from the box onto the stage and hurried out through an exit door.Smoke was seen coming from the President’s box and the theater was filled with shouting, madly excited people.Soldiers hurried in to clear the building, and Lincoln, shot through the head, was carried unconscious to a house across the road from the theater, and laid on the bed.He never recovered consciousness and died next morning.Comprehension Questions:

1.From the passage we know that James Buchanan was probably ______ A.Lincoln's political enemy.B.one of Lincoln's neighbors.C.the 15th American President.D.a minister of the White House.th

4.Lincoln's firm stand against slavery ______ A.made it possible for him to be elected President.B.made the Southern slave owners give up theirs.C.provided him with a chance to win the war.D.helped build up an army of his own.5.Lincoln's leading achievement as President was that ______ A.he worked for the people heart and soul.B.he was firmly against slavery.C.he reunited the nation and did away with slavery.D.he was a warm-hearted and honest man.(CBBAC)

24.Beethoven And His Moonlight Sonata

贝多芬和他的《月光鸣奏曲》

路德维希•凡•贝多芬（1770-1827），德国最伟大的音乐家之一。出生于德国波恩的平民家庭，很早就显露了音乐才能，八岁开始登台演出。1792年到维也纳深造，艺术上突飞猛进。贝多芬信仰共和，崇尚英雄，创作了大量充满时代气息的优秀作品，如：交响曲《英雄》、《命运》；序曲《哀格蒙特》；钢琴奏鸣曲《悲怆》、《月光曲》、《暴风雨》、《热情》等等。晚年虽然耳聋但依旧坚持创作。贝多芬集古典音乐的大成，同时开辟了浪漫时期音乐的道路，对世界音乐的发展有着举足轻重的作用，被尊称为“乐圣”。

One moonlight evening Beethoven was walking in a street when he suddenly stopped outside a little house.“What is that? It is form my Sonata in F.How well it is played!”

Following a sudden break came the voice of sobbing.“I can’t play any more.This piece of music is so difficult to play.How I wish I could hear Beethoven himself play it!”

“Ah, my sister, but we are so poor, ”said a young man.“And the ticket to the concert is too expensive.”

Listening silently, the young man laid away his work.The girl, with her head bent slightly forward, and her hands pressed tightly over her breast, sat silently near the piano, lost in thought„

The brother and sister were fully attracted by the music.They both lost themselves in it.Beethoven rushed to the place there he was staying and spent a whole night writing down the piece of music he had played at the blind girl’s house.That was the origin of the Moonlight Sonata.Comprehension Questions:

1.The girl was playing ______ one evening.A.the violin B.the Moonlight Sonata C.a piece composed by herself D.a piece composed by Beethoven 2.From the story we know that the girl ______ A.was a musician.B.liked singing.C.loved music.D.could not see or hear.3.How did the girl learn to play? ______ A.She learned to play form Beethoven.B.She learned to play by listening to a neighbor play.C.She was taught to play by a woman teacher.D.She learned to play form her brother.4.Beethoven composed the Moonlight Sonata ______ A.on a night with the moonlight shining brightly.B.when he was walking in a street.C.on a dark evening without moonlight.D.before he met the blind young girl.5.Beethoven played the Moonlight Sonata ______ A.to the young man.B.to the moon.C.to the blind young girl.D.at a concert.(DCBAC)

For the first 19 months of her life, Helen Keller(1880-1968)was like other happy babies in every way.Then a sudden illness injured her eyes and ears.From then on, she could neither see nor hear.She did not even learn to talk when other children did.Think what that would be like!Such a world was full of darkness.You could not see all kinds of flowers and animals.You would not hear songs of a friend’s voice.You would not know what your friend looked like.This was Helen’s world---still and dark.There seemed to be no way to teach Helen.For a long time her parents did not know what to do for her.And then, when she was six years old, they sent for a teacher with the name Anne Sullivan, who was almost blind herself.She felt she could help Helen to learn to live like other children.Anne found it hard to teach Helen.The child was a wild thing!She cried and shouted in a strange voice.She always acted like a young animal, rushing around, throwing things, and hitting anyone she could reach.Indeed, this was a very difficult pupil for the young teacher.However, Anne was clever.And, in the end Helen came to love her.Anne began teaching with a kind of spelling that used the sense of touch.Several times each day, she would draw the letters of a word on Keller’s hand.Then she would put in the child’s hand the thing which was named by the word.A few weeks later Keller knew more than 100 words.As time went on, with Anne’s help, she could give talks and write books.Helen had grown to be a clever, busy woman.The wild young child had come to a long way!Comprehension Questions:

1.Helen Keller could not see or hear because ______ A.her parents themselves could not see or hear.B.she was born blind and deaf.C.her eyes and ears were injured by a sudden disease.D.there was nothing to see or hear around her.2.At first, because she couldn’t see or hear, Helen did not learn to ______ A.talk.B.walk.C.eat.D.shout.3.Helen was a very difficult pupil for the young teacher because ______ A.Anne was blind, too.B.Anne was not strict with the child.C.the child could not speak or hear.D.the child was so wild.

第四篇：高中英语作文表达练习一

高中英语作文表达练习一： 1.在这个问题上,大家意见不同.Different people have different ideas on this issue./Opinions are divided on this issue.2.60%的接受调查的学生反对收门票.According to the sunvey , 60% of the students interviewed are against the idea of entrance fees.3.另一方面, 40%的 学生认为应该收门票.On the other hand , 40%of the students think that the entrance ticket should be charged.4.简言之, 学生对此未达成一致.In short , the students have not reached /arrived at /come to any agreement yet.5.最近, 我们班对北京动物园是否应该搬出城进行了热烈的讨论.Recently , our class have had a heated discussion about whether the zoo of Beijing should be moved out of the city.6.一些学生同意搬迁, 而另外一些同学反对搬迁.他们认为北京动物园有着100年的历史.Some of the students are in favor of the move.However , other students are against the idea , saying that the Beijing Zoo has a history of 100 years, and is well known at and abroad.7.2005年5月18日, 第5届全国图书展开幕式在天津举行.On May 18, 2005, the opening ceremony of the 15th National Book Fair was held in Tianjing.8.来自全国各地各行各业的6000多人出席了开幕式.More than 6000 people from all parts of China and all walks of life attended the ceremony.9.我国正在致力于构建和谐社会.我认为每个公民都有义务为实现这一目标而努力.Our govenment is aiming to build a narnonious society.I think it is every citizen's duty to work hard to achieve this goal.10.作为高中生, 我们应该怎么做呢? 首先, 我们应该..., 其次..., 最后..., 至于我自己, 我愿意....As a high / senior student , what should we do ? Firstly , we should....secondly....Thirdly....Personally / As for myself , I want to.../ I'd like to...作文表达翻译练习(一)1.在这个问题上,大家意见不同.2.60%的接受调查的学生反对收门票.3.另一方面, 40%的 学生认为应该收门票.4.简言之, 学生对此未达成一致.5.最近, 我们班对北京动物园是否应该搬出城进行了热烈的讨论.6.一些学生同意搬迁, 而另外一些同学反对搬迁.他们认为北京动物园有着100年的历史.7.2005年5月18日, 第5届全国图书展开幕式在天津举行.8.来自全国各地各行各业的6000多人出席了开幕式.9.我国正在致力于构建和谐社会.我认为每个公民都有义务为实现这一目标而努力.10.作为高中生, 我们应该怎么做呢? 首先, 我们应该..., 其次..., 最后..., 至于我自己, 我愿意....作文表达翻译练习(二)1.我们从现在开始, 每时每刻不遗余力地努力.Let's staet right now and spare no effort to do a little bit every day , every hour and every minute.2.如图所示, 1998年至2003年人们的饮食习惯有了很大的变化.The tale shows that there were great changes in people's diet from 1998 to 2003.3.主要有两个原因导致这种变化.There are two main reasons for these changes.4.在城里生活有弊有利.There are both advantages and disadvanges in living in the city.5.再者, 运动可以使我们放松大脑,保证睡眠.In addition , doing sports can make our brains relaxed and enable us to have a good sleep every night.What's more , sports make our brains relaxed and enable us to have a good sleep every night 6.总之, 全身心地投入学习才是最重要的.In a word , nothing is more important than to devote ourselves to our study.joozone.com 7.随着科技的发展, 人们与亲戚之间问候的方式有了更广泛的选择.With the development of science and technologe , people have a wider choice of sending greeting to their friends and relatives.8.政府应该采取措施限制或禁止一次性木筷的生产以保护森林资源和环境.The govenment should take measures to limit or forbid producing the throw-away chopsticks to protect the forest resources and our evironment.9.图书馆开放的时间: 周一至周五, 早上九点到下午七点, 周末闭馆.The library is open from 9:oo to 7:00 pm from Monday to Friday and closed at/on weekends.10.最近我们就高中生的阅读兴趣做了调查.Recently a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior middle school students.作文表达翻译练习(二)1.我们从现在开始, 每时每刻不遗余力地努力.2.如图所示, 1998年至2003年人们的饮食习惯有了很大的变化.3.主要有两个原因导致这种变化.4.在城里生活有弊有利.5.再者, 运动可以使我们放松大脑,保证睡眠.6.总之, 全身心地投入学习才是最重要的.7.随着科技的发展, 人们与亲戚之间问候的方式有了更广泛的选择.8.政府应该采取措施限制或禁止一次性木筷的生产以保护森林资源和环境.9.图书馆开放的时间: 周一至周五, 早上九点到下午七点, 周末闭馆。10.最近我们就高中生的阅读兴趣做了调查.作文表达翻译练习(三)1.父母喜欢我们的陪伴而不是我们的礼物.It is our company not our gifts that our parents enjoy.2.我们应该尽可能地抽出时间陪伴父母.We should spare every moment we can to / in order to keep them company.3.只有这样, 他们才能真正地尽享天伦之乐.Only in this way can they enjoy the real happiness in life.4.这是一副关于公民道德的漫画.There is a cartoon about social morality behaviour.5.这副漫画是想告诉我们有些人无视社会道德.The caetoon seems to warn us that some people ignore civic virtue in society.6.老实说, 我们中一些人养成了在公共场所乱扔垃圾, 随地吐痰的坏习惯.Honestly speaking , some of us have got / formed /developed the habit of litering and spit everywhere /in public places.7.不幸的是, 我们还没意识到这样做是可耻的.Unfortunately , wm don't realize that the behaviour is shameful./ it is shameful to do so.8.我认为我们应该牢记, 我们每个人都应该努力建设良好的公民道德.Personally speaking , we should remember forever that we all should try our best to build the good morality.In my opinion , we should keep in mind that every one of us should do all we can to build up a sound civic virtue.9.你能看懂这副漫画吗? 让我来告诉你.Do you understand this picture ? Let me tell you.10.我不赞成图中那位母亲的做法.I disagree with what the mother did in the picture.作文表达翻译练习(三)1.父母喜欢我们的陪伴而不是我们的礼物.2.我们应该尽可能地抽出时间陪伴父母.3.只有这样, 他们才能真正地尽享天伦之乐.4.这是一副关于公民道德的漫画.5.这副漫画是想告诉我们有些人无视社会道德.6.老实说, 我们中一些人养成了在公共场所乱扔垃圾, 随地吐痰的坏习惯.7.不幸的是, 我们还没意识到这样做是可耻的.8.我认为我们应该牢记, 我们每个人都应该努力建设良好的公民道德.9.你能看懂这副漫画吗? 让我来告诉你.10.我不赞成图中那位母亲的做法.作文表达翻译练习(四)1.从图中我们可以看到, 一对老两口做在桌旁.In the picture , we can see an old couple sitting at the table.2.父母应该为孩子树立好榜样.他们应该关心孩子的身心健康.As the parents , they should set an good example for their children.And they should care for their children's health ,but also their mind.3.我们生活在社会大家庭里, 每个人都应该为共建和谐社会做贡献.We live in the society which is a big family for all of us.Everyone shold make a contribution to building up a harmonuious society.4.我对这个故事感到深深地震惊.About the story , I got deeply shocked.5、作文地带-带翻译的英语作文网 www.xiexiebang.com your website.5.我们都视他为良师益友.We all regard / consider / treat / think of / look on / accept / take him not only as a teacher but also a friend.6.现在, 电脑游戏越来越受年轻人的喜欢.尤其是在校学生.就拿李华来说吧.At present , playing computer games is becoming more and more popular with young people , especially with school students.Take Li Hua for example.7.放学以后, 我们喜欢各种各样的活动,体育,做实验或网上冲浪.After school , we enjoy all kinds of activities , such as going for sports , doing experiments or surfing the Internet.8.在老师的带领下, 我们在体育馆门口集合.Under the guidance of the teacher , we gathered at the entrance of the standium.9.今天, 我成功了.我不仅挑战了跑步运动员所需的体力和耐力, 我还懂得了, 爱拼才会赢的道理.Today , I was a success.Not only did I challenge the strenth and endurance that a runner needed but also I learned that trying my best would really made difference.10.他的英勇行为在会上受到表扬.At the meeting , he is commended by his heroic behaviour.He was praised for his brave deed at the meeting.joozone.com

作文表达翻译练习(四)1.从图中我们可以看到, 一对老两口做在桌旁.2.父母应该为孩子树立好榜样.他们应该关心孩子的身心健康.3.我们生活在社会大家庭里, 每个人都应该为共建和谐社会做贡献.4.我对这个故事感到深深地震惊.5.我们都视他为良师益友.6.现在, 电脑游戏越来越受年轻人的喜欢.尤其是在校学生.就拿李华来说吧.7.放学以后, 我们喜欢各种各样的活动,体育,做实验或网上冲浪.作文地带提供翻译 8.在老师的带领下, 我们在体育馆门口集合.9.今天, 我成功了.我不仅挑战了跑步运动员所需的体力和耐力, 我还懂得了, 爱拼才会赢的道理.10.他的英勇行为在会上受到表扬.作文表达翻译练习(五)1.近年来, 越来越多的人拥有手机.1995年, 只有1％的人有手机．

More and more people have mobiles in recent years.In 1995, only one person in a hundred had a mobile phone.2.1997年, 手机用户是1995年的10倍.In 1997, the number os the people who had mobile phones was ten times as many as in 1995.3.手机用户增长的原因有几个.一..., 二..., 三....There are several reasons for the increase of the the number of people having mobible phones.Firstly...,.Secondly....Thirdly...4.现在, 上网是各行各业的必须掌握的技能.Today , surfing the Internet seems to be a must to people from all walks of life.5.最近, 我就上网目的对班上的30名男生, 30名女生进行了调查.I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in my class about theri purpose of getting on the Internet.6.有来自湖北省10所学校的1000名学生接受了调查.In this survey , one thousand senior middle school students from 10 schools in Hubei Province were interviewed.7.调查表明, 半数以上的学生最喜欢读新闻.The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most.8.然而, 喜欢科普文章的学习人数两倍于喜欢有关学习方法的学生人数.However , the number of the students who enjoy reading popular science articiles doubles that of those who like reading articles about learning methods.9.直到那时, 我才明白什么是值得羡慕的.对于年轻人是最重要的.我于是下定决心更加努力学习.It was not until then that I realized what was worth admiring and what was the most important for young people.So I am determined to studey harder.10.因此, 我们应该珍惜每一分钱, 以示对父母辛勤劳动的尊敬.Hence , we shall treasure every penny to show respect to put parents ' diligent work.作文表达翻译练习(五)1.近年来, 越来越多的人拥有手机.1995年, 只有1％的人有手机 2.1997年, 手机用户是1995年的10倍.3.手机用户增长的原因有几个.一..., 二..., 三....4.现在, 上网是各行各业的必须掌握的技能.5.最近, 我就上网目的对班上的30名男生, 30名女生进行了调查.6.有来自湖北省10所学校的1000名学生接受了调查.7.调查表明, 半数以上的学生最喜欢读新闻.8.然而, 喜欢科普文章的学习人数两倍于喜欢有关学习方法的学生人数.9.直到那时, 我才明白什么是值得羡慕的.对于年轻人是最重要的.我于是下定决心更加努力学习.10.因此, 我们应该珍惜每一分钱, 以示对父母辛勤劳动的尊敬.

第五篇：大学语文记叙文部分练习(一)

记叙文部分练习

（一）《冯谖客孟尝君》

一、词语解释 1．过其友曰：“孟尝君客我” 过 2．孟尝君曰：“客何好?” 好： 3.孟尝君固辞不往也 固辞： 4.孟尝君怪其疾也 疾： 5．孟尝君不说，曰：“诺，先生休矣。” 说：

6、责毕收，以何市而反 反

二、选择题

1.“狡兔三窟”这一成语出自()A.《垓下之围》 B.《冯谖客孟尝君》C.《前赤壁赋》 D.《张中丞传后叙》 2．《冯谖客孟尝君》中，冯谖再三弹铗而歌的主要目的是（）A．我行我素，张扬个性 B．不平则鸣，不甘人后 C．照顾家庭，赡养母亲 D．探求知己，以展怀抱

3、下列不是孟尝君的性格特点的是 A．深谋远虑 B．目光短浅 C．礼贤下士 D．心胸宽广

4、冯谖的性格特点是 A．深谋远虑 B．报效知己 C．礼贤下士 D．贪得无厌

5、“狡兔三窟”是指

A.广纳门客B.弹铗而歌C.烧券市义 D.游说梁国 E.立宗庙于薛

三、问答题

谈谈你对冯谖为孟尝君营造三窟的看法

四、阅读

37.阅读《冯谖客孟尝君》中的一段文字，回答问题： 左右以君贱之也，食以草具。居有顷，倚柱弹其剑，歌曰：“长铗归来乎!食无鱼。”左右以告。孟尝君曰：“食之，比门下之客。”居有顷，复弹其铗，歌曰：“长铗归来乎!出无车。”左右皆笑之，以告。孟尝君曰：“为之驾，比门下车客。”于是乘其车，揭其剑，过其友，曰：“孟尝君客我。”后有顷，复弹其剑铗，歌曰：“长铗归来乎!无以为家。”左右皆恶之，以为贪而不知足。孟尝君问：“冯公有亲乎?”对曰：“有老母。”孟尝君使人给其食用，无使乏。于是冯谖不复歌。

A.冯谖再三弹铗而歌的真正目的是什么? B.从刻画冯谖形象看，文中的“左右”“贱之”、“笑之”、“恶之”有何作用? C.文中孟尝君的性格特征是什么?

《垓下之围》

一、词语解释

1.然今卒困于此，此天之亡我，非战之罪也

卒： 2.期山东为三处

期：山东 3.愿王孰图之也

孰图

4．所击者服，未尝败北 败北 5．骑皆伏曰：“如大王言。”伏：

6、项王自度不得脱 度

二、选择题

1.《垓下之围》中，表现项羽“身死东城，尚不觉悟，而不自责”的细节描写是（）A.“虞兮虞兮”的慷慨悲歌? B.“天之亡我”的三次呼告 C.嗔目叱退汉将赤泉侯? D.将宝马赠给乌江亭长 2.从《垓下之围》中，引申而成的成语有（）

A.四面楚歌B.以五十步笑百步C.羞见江东父老 D.霸王别姬 E.项庄舞剑，意在沛公

3．《垓下之围》中项羽“羞见江东父老”的直接原因是（）A．“天之亡我，我何渡为”B．“八千人渡江而西，今无一人还” C．“时不利兮骓不逝” D．“背关怀楚，放逐义帝而自立” 4《垓下之围》中细节描写是

A.霸王别姬B.弹铗而歌C.东城快战 D.愧见江东父老 E.嗔目退敌数里

5、项羽悲剧英雄性格特征是

A.无可奈何B.勇猛无敌C.知耻重义 D.宁死不屈 E.至死不知失败原因

三、问答题

结合太史公曰，谈谈你对项羽失败的看法

四、阅读

《张中丞传后叙》

一、词语解释

1．以千百就尽之卒，战百万日滋之师 就尽 日滋： 2.战百万日滋之师 师：

3．吾归破贼，必灭贺兰，此矢所以志也。志： 4.擅强兵坐而观者 擅强兵：

5.强留之，具食与乐，延霁云坐。延： 6.二公之贤，其讲之精矣。

讲：

7.巡就戮时，颜色不乱，阳阳如平常。阳阳：

二、选择题

1.在《张中丞传后叙》中，当南霁云抽刀断指时，“一座大惊，皆感激为云泣下”，对刻画南霁云的形象来说，这里所运用的表现方法是()A.正面描写 B.侧面描写C.心理描写 D.行为描写

2.引绳而绝之，其绝必有处。观者见其然，从而尤之，其亦不达于理矣。尤：

3、在《张中丞传后叙》“以千百就尽之卒，战百万日滋之师”的句子中运用的修辞手法和表现手法是（）

A、对偶和对比 B、对偶和反衬 C、排比和对比 D、比喻和暗示 4.《张中丞传后叙》在写作上的最大特色是()A、抒情和议论并重 B、议论和叙事并重 C、叙事和抒情并重 D、叙事和描写并重 5.《张中丞传后叙》写张巡“就戮”时，“颜色不乱，阳阳如平常”，这种人物描写方法是()A.肖像描写 B.行为描写 C.言语描写 D.心理描写

6．在《张中丞传后叙》中，韩愈驳斥“城之陷，自远所分始，以此诟远”的谬论时，所用的比喻有（）A.“当其围守时，外此蚍蜉蚁子之援” B.“擅强兵坐而观者，相环也” C.“人之将死，其脏腑必有先受其病者” D.“引绳而绝之，其绝必有处” E.“以千百就尽之卒，战百万日滋之师”

7.《张中丞传后叙》中提到人们建立“双庙”所纪念的两位坚守睢阳城的英难是()A.张巡和南霁云 B.南霁云和许远C.许远和张巡 D.张巡和于嵩

8.《张中丞传后叙》中，作者补记许远的事迹，采用的方法是（）A.立论中补记

B.记叙中补记 C.驳论中补记

D.抒情中补记

9.《张中丞传后叙》中，拔刀断指、抽矢射塔的人物是（）

A.张巡

B.南霁云

C.许远

D.于嵩

10．下列《张中丞传后叙》中的典型事例，用来刻画许远形象的是（）A．背诵《汉书》 B．为国让贤C．拔刀断指D．抽矢射塔 11.城中居人户，亦且数万 且： 《张中丞传后叙》：“愈贞元中过泗州，船上人犹指以相语”。“指以相语”的是（）A．于嵩读《汉书》事 B．南霁云抽矢射佛塔事 C．张巡慷慨就戮事 D．南霁云拔刀断指事 12南霁云的性格特征

A.宽厚谦和B.从容镇定C.骁勇善战 D.嫉恶如仇 忠贞刚烈

四、阅读

两家子弟材智下，不能通知二父志，以为巡死而远就虏，疑畏死而辞服于贼。远诚畏死，何苦守尺寸之地，食其所爱之肉，以与贼抗而不降乎？当其围守时，外无蚍蜉蚁子之援，所欲忠者，国与主耳。而贼语以国亡主灭。远见救援不至，而贼来益众，必以其言为信。外无待而犹死守，人相食且尽，虽愚人亦能数日而知死处矣。远之不畏死亦明矣。这段文字所驳斥的谬论是什么 用了什么论证方法 概括文中的主要论据

《种树郭橐驼传》

一、词语解释

1.故吾不害其长而已，非有能硕茂之也。硕茂之：

2、能顺木之天，以致其性焉尔。致其性 3.驼业种树。业种树： 4．养其根而俟其实。俟：

5.早缫 而 绪，早织而缕。而： 6．隆然伏行 伏行：

7．甚者爪其肤以验其生枯 爪其肤

二、选择题

1.《种树郭橐驼传》中的主要类比关系有()a.郭橐驼与“长人者” b.种树与治民 c.“他植者”种树方法与郭橐驼种树方法 d.种树“爱之太殷，忧之太勤”，与“长人者好烦其令” e.“木之性日以离”，与老百姓“病且怠” 2.《种树郭橐驼传》中，橐驼种树的基本原理是（）A.其本欲舒，其培欲平

B.勿动勿虑，去不复顾 C.其莳若子，其置若弃

D.顺木之天，以致其性 3．柳宗元《种树郭橐驼传》所表达的根本思想是（）A．“顺民之天”以治国B．反对辍飧饔以劳吏 C．种树要“顺木之天” D．十年树木，百年树人

4.《种树郭橐驼传》中阐述种树的原理和方法时采用的主要表现方法是（）A.象征 B.类比 C.对比D.铺垫

三、问答题

概括本文的中心思想

四、阅读

然吾居乡，见长人者好烦其令，若甚怜焉，而卒以祸。旦暮吏来而呼曰：‘官命促尔耕，勖尔植，督尔获，蚤缫而绪，蚤织而缕，字而幼孩，遂而鸡豚。’鸣鼓而聚之，击木而召之。吾小人辍飧饔以劳吏者，且不得暇，又何以蕃吾生而安吾性邪？故病且怠。1这里揭露了怎样的社会弊端？造成了怎样的社会危害？ 2体现了怎样的治国思想？ 3运用了怎样的表现方法？

《赵武灵王胡服骑射》

一、词语解释

赵武灵王北略中山之地 略 从政有经，令行为上： 蛮夷之所则效也 则效

明德先论于贱 明德 贱

愿王孰图之也

孰图：深思熟虑； 从政有经，令行为上 有经：

先时中山负齐之强兵，侵暴吾地 负：

二、选择题

1.《赵武灵王胡服骑射》所体现的历史文化意义有（）

A.战争形式由车战变为“骑射”

B.古代各民族之间的交流与融合 C.思想文化方面的一次改革

D.开拓疆土观念的重要性

E.君臣协商一致才能成功 2．《赵武灵王胡服骑射》所描述的中心事件是（）A．赵武灵王胡服骑射北略中山之地 B．赵武灵王招兵买马训练胡服骑射 C．赵武灵王与肥义谋划胡服骑射 D．赵武灵王就胡服骑射事说服公子成

三、问答题

赵武灵王胡服骑射令为什么能够成功推行？

四、阅读

35．阅读《赵武灵王胡服骑射》中一段文字： 王自往请之，曰：“吾国东有齐、中山，北有燕、东胡，西有楼烦、秦、韩之边。今无骑射之备，则何以守之哉?先时中山负齐之强兵，侵暴吾地，系累吾民，引水围鄗；微社稷之神灵，则鄗几于不守也，先君丑之。故寡人变服骑射，欲以备四境之难，报中山之怨。而叔顺中国之俗，恶变服之名，以忘鄗事之丑，非寡人之所望也。”公子成听命，乃赐胡服，明日服而朝。于是始出胡服令，而招骑射焉。请回答：

A．这里记叙了赵武灵王坚持推行胡服骑射的哪一个举措？ B．这里塑造人物形象采用了何种描写手法？ C．赵武灵王推行胡服骑射的主要原因是什么？

37.阅读《赵武灵王胡服骑射》中的一段文字，回答问题：

赵武灵王北略中山之地，至房子，遂至代，北至无穷，西至河，登黄华之上。与肥义谋胡服骑射以教百姓，曰：“愚者所笑，贤者察焉。虽驱世以笑我，胡地、中山，吾必有之！”遂胡服。

A.赵武灵王为什么要“胡服骑射”？

B.说明“愚者所笑，贤者察焉”的表现作用。C.这里运用了怎样的人物描写方法？ 《前赤壁赋》

一、词语解释

客有吹洞箫者，倚歌而和之。

倚歌： 挟飞仙以遨游，抱明月而长终。长终：

相与枕藉乎舟中，不知东方之既自。? 枕藉： 浩浩乎如冯虚御风 冯虚御风： 举酒属客 属：

苏子愀然，正襟危坐而问客曰：„„ 正襟危坐： 泣孤舟之嫠妇：

山川相缪，郁乎苍苍 缪 郁乎苍苍 哀吾生之须臾

须臾：片刻； 侣鱼虾而友麋鹿。侣鱼虾：

二、选择题

1.在《前赤壁赋》中，苏子认为“惟江上之清风，与山间之明月，耳得之而为声，目遇之而成色；取之无禁，用之不竭”。这里是想表达（）

A.自然界的广博 B.造物者的万能C.消极无为的心态 D.积极旷达的心境

2、《前赤壁赋》行文的内在线索是（）

A、时间的推移 B、感情的变化 C、事理的逻辑 D、想象的展开

3.下列成语，见于《前赤壁赋》的有（）

A.冯虚御风B.正襟危坐C.望洋兴叹

D.分崩离析E.杯盘狼藉

4．苏轼《前赤壁赋》借以抒情、说理的主要景物有（）A.明月 B.江水 C.扁舟 D.清风 E.白露

5.《前赤壁赋》所体现的文赋的特点有()A.主客问答，抑客伸主 B.语句骈俪，对仗工整C.骈散相间，灵活自然 D.句句押韵，一韵到底E.用韵自由，时疏时密

6.《前赤壁赋》继承和发展的赋体的传统手法主要是（）

A.铺张扬厉

B.夸饰渲染

C.主客问答

D.骈俪对偶 7．《前赤壁赋》中，作者借以抒情说理的主要景物是（）A．江水、明月、扁舟 B．江水、明月、清风 C．明月、清风、洞箫 D．江水、清风、白露 8.《前赤壁赋》全文展开的内在线索是（）

A.感情的变化

B.逻辑的演绎

C.时间的推移

D.想象的展开 9.《前赤壁赋》“主客对话”中，“客”的主要情感倾向是（）A.功名难就 B.乐观旷达 C.人生无常 D.适意自然 10．《前赤壁赋》所继承的赋体传统表现手法是（）A．句句骈偶 B．主客对话 C．借景抒情D．通篇押韵

三、问答题

本文表现了苏轼怎样的人生态度？

四、阅读

客亦知夫水与月乎？逝者如斯，而未尝往也；盈虚者如彼，而卒莫消长也。盖将自其变者而观之，而天地曾不能一瞬；自其不变者而观之，则物于我皆无尽也。而又何羡乎？

1、这段文字阐发了什么哲理 作者阐发哲理针对的是什么

3、为什么说这里的水与月是例证又是喻证 这段说理的特点是什么

作者是怎样化抽象为具体的

《先妣事略》

一、词语解释

孺人中夜觉寝 觉寝：

灯火荧荧，每至夜分 荧荧 夜分 年十六来归 归 期而生有光 期 无一字龃龉 龃龉

室靡弃物，家无闲人 靡

二、选择题

1.《先妣事略》中母亲形象的特征有（）A.勤劳俭朴

B.健康长寿 C.待人宽厚

D.教子严格 E.爽朗豁达 2．《先妣事略》的主要人物描写方法是（）A．肖像描写B．细节描写 C．语言描写 D．心理描写

三、问答题

《先妣事略》表达了作者对母亲怎样的思想感情？ 本文的叙事特色是什么

四、阅读

35.阅读《先妣事略》中的一段文字：

孺人之吴家桥，则治木棉。入城，则缉纑，灯火荧荧，每至夜分。外祖不二日使人问遗。孺人不忧米盐，乃劳苦若不谋夕。冬月炉火炭屑，使婢子为团，累累暴阶下。室靡弃物，家无闲人。儿女大者攀衣，小者乳抱，手中纫缀不辍。户内洒然。遇僮奴有恩，虽至棰楚，皆不忍有后言。吴家桥岁致鱼蟹饼饵，率人人得食。家中人闻吴家桥人至，皆喜。A.这里表现出孺人怎样的性格特征? B.这段文字有什么语言特点?对表达情感有什么作用? C.这里运用了怎样的人物描写方法?达到了什么效果?

《马伶传》

一、词语解释

迨半奏，引商刻羽，抗坠疾徐，并称善也。抗坠疾徐： 我闻今相国昆山顾秉谦者，严相国俦也。俦：

其夜，华林部过马伶曰：„„过：

夫其以李伶为绝技，无所干求，乃走事昆山„„ 事： 迨半奏，引商刻羽，抗坠疾徐，并称善也。迨：.遍征金陵之贵客文人 征：

子又安从授之而掩其上哉 安从授之 掩其上

坐客乃西顾而叹，或大呼命酒，或移坐更近之 西顾更 无虑数十辈无虑

二、选择题

1.《马伶传》中写马伶与李伶的第一次技艺较量属于 A.环境描写 B.场面描写 C.行为描写 D.细节描写

2.《马伶传》一文的关键情节是()a.马伶与李伶的第一次技艺较量 b.马伶与李伶的第二次技艺较量 c.马伶偷以当朝宰相顾秉谦为师 d.华林部夜访马伶相与罗拜而去 3．《马伶传》一文在叙述方式上的显著特点是（）

4.下列作品中，包含场面描写的有（）

A.《李将军列传》 B.《马伶传》 C.《香市》 D.《兵车行》 E.《郑伯克段于鄢》

5.《马伶传》的中心意旨是（）

A.反映当时金陵梨园的激烈竞争 B.讽刺当朝宰相顾秉谦 C.叙述名演员马伶一生经历 D.赞扬马伶深入生活、精益求精的精神

6．《马伶传》：“询其故，盖马伶耻出李伶下，已易衣遁矣。”这里使用的人物描写方法是（）A．语言描写 B．细节描写 C．行为描写 D．肖像描写 7.下列《马伶传》语句中属于场面描写的有（）A.梨园以技鸣者，无虑数十辈

B.迨半奏，引商刻羽，抗坠疾徐，并称善也 C.盖马伶耻出李伶下，已易衣遁矣 D.李伶忽失声，匍匐前称弟子 E.坐客乃西顾而叹，或大呼命酒，或移坐更进之，首不复东

三、问答题

作者写本文的主观动机是什么

四、阅读

其夜，华林部过马伶曰：“子，天下之善技也，然无以易李伶。李伶之为严相国，至矣。子又安从授之而掩其上哉？”马伶曰：“固然。天下无以易李伶，李伶即又不肯授我。我闻今相国某者，严相国俦也。我走京师，求为其门卒三年，日侍相国于朝房，察其举止，聆其语言，久乃得之。此吾之所为师也。”华林部相与罗拜而去。

1、概括此段大意

2、马伶获胜的原因是什么

3、通过马伶之口交代他拜顾为师的事实有什么好处

4、这里讽刺了什么人 《西湖七月半》

一、词语解释

31.不舟不车，不衫不帻：

34．轿夫叫船上人，怖以关门 怖： 34．弱管轻丝，竹肉相发： 灯火优傒优傒

轿夫擎燎，列俟岸上擎俟 峨冠盛筵峨冠

二、选择题

1．下列《西湖七月半》语句中使用了排比句式的是（）A．名娃闺秀，携及童娈，笑啼杂之，环坐露台 B．名妓闲僧，浅斟低唱，弱管轻丝，竹肉相发 C．不舟不车，不衫不帻，酒醉饭饱，呼群三五 D．人声鼓吹，如沸如撼，如魇如呓，如聋如哑

2．下列《西湖七月半》文句中具有讽刺意味的是（）A．名妓闲僧，浅斟低唱 B．巳出酉归，避月如仇 C．匿影树下者 D．或逃嚣里湖

三、问答题 《西湖七月半》“西湖七月半，一无可看，可看七月半之人”开头对全文有何作用？ 分析稳重杭人游湖与吾辈赏月构成的对比情景

四、阅读

小船轻幌，净几暖炉，茶铛旋煮，素瓷静递，好友佳人，邀月同坐，或匿影树下，或逃嚣里湖，看月而人不见其看月之态，亦不作意看月者，看之。

1、这里描写的对象是哪类人？

2、其看月的心态如何

3、作者对他们的态度如何