2010年12月英语六级考试翻译冲刺专项训练

第一篇：2010年12月英语六级考试翻译冲刺专项训练

1.This is yet _________________(两国人民的又一个共同点).2.His scientific works _______________(在英语国家得到广泛阅读).3.Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces，_____________(改革也是解放生产力).4.He is optimistic ________________(对现时信息产业的发展状况).5.Work in all fields should be subordinated to and ________________(服务于经济发展的进程).6.__________________(直到失去健康)that people know the value of health.7.The bag was stuffed____________________(脏衣服)

8.___________________(很多朋友不在)，we decided to put the meeting off.9._______________________(给我印象最深的)were her liveliness and sense of humor.10.There engines are___________________(不如我们制造的那些发动机功率大).1.another common point between the people of our two countries

解析：本题考查通过增补介词使译文的意思更完整。虽然原文没有和between相对应的词，但是“共同点”是两国人民之间在某方面进行比较的结果，所以增补between之后，符合英语表达习惯。增词法也是汉译英中常用技巧之一，再如：她以教书为业。(She is a teacher by occupation.)我已重新考虑了那件事。(I've had second thought on that matter.)

2.were widely read in English-speaking countries

解析：若是按照字面翻译，这句话很可能被译为were widely read in English countries。但是原文中“英语国家”的含义是“讲英语的国家”。这体现了英汉表达差异。请考生看下面这句话的英译：我卖掉了彩电。/I sold out my color TV.这句译文错误在于，没弄清“彩电”的含义。“彩电”有两层意思：一是指具体的实物，即彩色电视机color TV set;二是指屏幕上出现的影像，即彩色电视color TV。而句子中卖掉的只能是机器，具体的实物。

3.and so does reform

解析：本题意为：革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。考点有二：第一，考查词性转移。原文中“解放”用作动词，“生产力”作宾语。译文中处理成名词短语 “对生产力的解放”。第二，考查省译法。我们不能把原文译成and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces，这种结构显得臃肿累赘。为避免重复，可以选用and so does...来代替这个动宾结构。

4.about the present development of information industry

解析：“对......表示乐观”可以用句型be optimistic about sth.。这句话不能译成about the status of the present development of information industry。“状况”是一个范畴词，没有实际含义，可省略不译。

5.serve the economic development

解析：“服务于......”即“为......服务”，所以要用serve sb./ sth.的结构，不能译成be served to。“进程”也是一个范畴词，可以省略不译。另外，be subordinated to是一个固定结构，含义是“从属于......，隶属于......”。

6.It is not until they lose it

大家对not until/until的用法掌握比较好，不过比较少人用it来替代下文的health，答案的替代比较简洁，翻译中应该避免重复使用同一个词。

7.with dirty clothes

这里主要是考察be stuffed with(被填满)的用法，这是一个四级单词，是搭配问题。

8.With many friends absent

这里主要是考察对absent adj./vi./absence n.缺席的各种表达，如果按照原文“不在”翻译，显然比较生硬且与下文不符，因此要善于根据上下文推断原文意思。

9.What impressed me the most

名词性从句what impressed me the most，有部分沪友遗漏了其中的“the”，表示最高级一般都要使用定贯词the，如the largest、the hardest等。

10.less powerful than the ones we have made

很多人都用比较级，可是却忽略了比较级是用在形容词/副词上的，如faster、bigger、more beautiful等。因此这里应该用power的形容词powerful，另要强调机器是我们制造的-we have made.1.It was essential that _______________(我们在月底前签订合同).2._______________(家庭人口多好还是人口少好)is a very popular topic，which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.3.We must _____________(用一切可能的办法来帮助他们).4.We ________________(尽情地吃了一顿)at the new restaurant last Friday.5.To most of the travelers，________________(衣、食、住、行)are all important elements.1.We sign the contract by the end of the month

解析：当表示愿望，要求，命令等含义的形容词如 advisable，appropriate，better，best，desirable，essential，fitting，imperative，important，impossible，incredible，insistent，natural，necessary，obligatory，preferable，proper，ridiculous，strange，surprising，urgent，vital 出现在形式主语句中时，从句要用虚拟语气。“签订合同”英语固定说法是sign the contract。“在月底前”要用by the end of，而不是at the end of。

2.Whether a large family is good or not

解析：如果按照中文顺序逐一翻译就会得出译文Whether a large family is good thing or a small family is a good thing，这并没有语法错误，但不符合英语表达习惯。“家庭人口多好还是少好”可以理解为：家庭人口多是好事?还是坏事?所以这里我们可以采用反译法，将“还是人口少好”转移为汉语意思为“(人口多是好)还是不好”的英文表达--or not，使译文简洁明了，避免罗嗦。

3.help them in every way possible

解析：本题最有可能出现的译文是：use very possible way to help them。这样译文不能说错，但不是最间接、最好的翻译。英语里，通常把方式状语放在谓语部分之后，所以可得出译文：help them in every possible way。原句“可能”出现在被修饰语“办法”之前。根据英文习惯，“可能”的对应词possible应该放在所修饰的中心词way之后，所以有了最终译文：help them in every way possible。

4.ate to our hearts' content

解析：本题让考生们困扰的是如何翻译“一顿”这个量词。其实，“一顿”是汉语特有的量词表达，是对“吃”这个动作的补充说明。“在那家新餐馆吃”就暗含了“吃了一顿”的含义。英语里没有“一顿”的对应词。一般来说，可以不译，不影响全句意思的表达。“尽情地”是个固定搭配，可译成：to one's heart's content或to the top of one's bent。

5.food，clothing，shelter，and transportation

解析：本题要求考生熟悉汉英习语在转移时的异同。有些汉语习语在转移成英语时不需要变换位置。如：日日夜夜(day and night);但也有一些需要改变前后顺序，如：新旧(old and new);水火(fire and water);田径(track and field);钢铁(iron and steel);贫富(rich and poor);血肉(flesh and blood)。请注意本题中哪些词语的英译改变了顺序。

1._____________(为了维护健康)，there are at least three things we can do every day.2._______________(他大概知道他要做什么)，but nothing specific.3.We need to live a regular life.That is，_____________(我们要早睡早起，戒除烟酒).4.Could you ______________(给我介绍一本关于物理方面的好书)?

5.In addition, we should not ________________(忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会).1.To keep healthy

解析：本句意为：为了维护健康，我们每天至少可做三件事。英文里不能将两个或两个以上的简单句糅杂在一句话中。句子需填入部分在全句里充当的成分是目的状语。“维护健康”是未来要去做的事情，是努力的方向，应说成To keep healthy，也可以用In order to keep healthy来表示目的。

2.He has some vague ideas about what to do

解析：“他大概知道他要做什么”言下之意是：他其实并不清楚要做什么。于是有考生会误译成He has some unclear ideas about what to do.本题考查选词。unclear是指句意、字迹不清楚，使人难以看懂、不能肯定的。而由nothing specific可知，“他”的想法很多，很混乱，不能形成一个确定的、清晰的计划。所以用vague更准确。vague是指含混不清的，多用于比喻意义，用来表示因逻辑关系不清，言辞笼统而导致的意义不清楚。如：a vague idea(模糊的想法);He was a little vague when I asked what had happened.(我问他出了什么事时，他一无所知。)

3.we keep good hours and restrain smoking and drinking

解析：“早睡早起”不能按照字面直译成sleep and get up early。这样的翻译就Chinglish了，老外理解不了。我们需要运用意译法。早睡早起的含义就是要有一个合理、规则的作息时间，英文说成keep good hours。另外表示“戒除”的词有：restrain，refrain，stop等。refrain是一个不及物动词，后面不能直接加上宾语 smoking and drinking，必须用及物动词短语refrain from来表示，当然也可以选择restrain或stop或deny oneself to。

4.recommend me a good book on Physics

解析：这里的“介绍”不能照着字面理解翻译成常见的introduce。作“介绍”讲时是用于人们相遇时进行的“介绍;引见;使互相认识”。这句话中的“介绍”是要请别人给“推荐”一本书，因此要选用recommend作为“介绍”的对应词。同样，翻译“他向我们介绍了一些教学经验”这句话时，也不能使用 introduce。应该译作He told us something about his experience in teaching.考生要注意，汉译英是一定要首先理解汉语的实际语义，才能避免英语选词错误。

5.neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society

解析：本题考点有：ignore与neglect的辨析，宾语从句的运用和形容词“温馨”的表达。ignore也有忽视的意思，但它是指故意忽略某人的存在，不予理睬。如：I tried to tell her but she ignored me.(我打算告诉她，可是她不理睬我。)She saw him coming but she ignored him.(她看见他走过来，但装作没看到他。)neglect强调“疏忽”、“忽略”某个事实，如：neglect their warnings(不顾他们的警告)。本句从含义上讲用neglect更贴切。原句需填补部分是一个从句，neglect可以加that再加从句。warm有温暖、激烈、热烈、兴奋的意思，但表达“温馨”不合适;而friendly除了表示友好的、友谊的，也可以指气氛温馨。

1.One need only ask first-year university students what music they listen to , how much of it and what it means to them, in order to discover that the phenomenon is universal in America, that it begins in adolescence or a bit before and continues through the college years.2.They start, like the pharisee in the parable , by thanking God that the are not as other men are, and proceed to paint a picture of those other men, hardly more flattering than that which Swift painted of the Yahoos.3.Each time the dream was a promise out of our ancient articles of faith, phrases from the constitution, lines from the great anthem of the nation, guarantees from the Bill of Rights, all ending with a vision that they might one day all come true

4.For many the day seemed an adventure, a long outing in the late summer sun—part liberation from home, part Sunday school picnic, part political convention, and part fish fry.5.It may not “look to it” at once, since it is looking to so many things, but it will be a long time before it forgets the melodious(悦耳的)and melancholy(忧郁的)voice of the Rev.Dr.Martin Luther Jr., crying out his dreams to the multitude(大众).1、只要问问大学一年级的学生他们听什么音乐，那对他们有多重要或者说意味着什么，就可以发现在美国是个普遍现象，它开始于青春期或更早的时候但会延续整个大学时代。

2、像寓言中的古法利赛人一样，他们感谢上帝——他们与普通人不一样，去画那些人的图画，几乎比Swift画的人形兽还要好看。

3、每一次梦想都是来自于古老的忠诚的承诺，宪法中的词句，国歌中的歌词，****法案所保证，都是以希望有一天它能成为现实的期望来结束的。

4、对于许多人来说，这一天像冒险活动，在盛夏和阳光下长时间等着——有的是从家里出来轻松，有的是学校周日野炊，有的是政治会议，有的烤鱼吃。

5、也许不能注意到它，因为在注意着许多事情，但是很长时间后也很难忘记Rev、Dr、Martin、Luther.Jr.,用悦耳忧郁的声音向大众呼喊出他的梦想。1.He is ________________(他与其说是个学者)as a writer.2.The parents should also set the kids free _______________(以便他们自己做选择).3.Some freshmen _____________(打定主意)to pursue a master's degree after undergraduate studies.4.So it is essential for the students _____________(深入社会实践)in order to learn something that they can't get in class.5.In order to improve the competence of state-run enterprises，the central government ________________(已经实行了一系列改革)，among which is cutting down the staff.1.not so much a scholar

解析：本句意为：与其说他是个学者不如说是个作家。考查的是“与其......倒不如......”的句型。句中所给部分已有as，所以最好用 not so much...as...。如：In many cases，nursing is not so much a job as a way of life.(在许多情况下，护理与其说是是一件工作倒不如说是一种生活方式。)

2.to make their own choices

解析：考查目的状语“以便”的英文表达，正确答案可以是：in order to/to/so as to+动词，也可以用in order/so+that从句。具体要根据字数要求定。

3.make up their minds

解析：本句意为：许多大一新生打定主意要在本科毕业后继续争取硕士学位。“打定主意、决定下来”可选用：make up one's mind to do，be determined to do，decide to do。题中pursue表示坚持不懈地追求，如：She pursued the study of English for five years.(她持续不断地学了五年英语。)

4.to participate in social practice

解析：本句意为：对学生而言，有必要深入社会实践，从而学到课堂上学不到的东西。“深入”事实上是指学生要参与社会实践，因此确切译法是to participate，“社会实践”可译成social practice或social activity。

5.has implemented a series of reforms

解析：本句意为：为了提高国有企业的竞争力，政府已经实行了一系列改革，其中一项是裁员。这里大家要记住“国有企业”的表达，而“外资企业”应译为 oversea-funded enterprise或foreign-based company。“实行”可选用implement，carry out，由于是“一系列”改革，因此reform要用复数形式。另外“已经”暗示句子应该用完成时态。

1.The finding of this study failed to _________________(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).2.The prevent and treatment of AIDS is __________________(我们可以合作的领域).3.Because of the leg injury, the athlete ________________________(决定退出比赛).4.To make donations or for more information, please ________________(按以下地址和我们联系).5.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning ___________________(如果你方便的话).详解

1.take people’s sleep quality into account/ consideration本题重点考查take sth into account这个短语。

2.the field(where)we can cooperate / the field in which we can cooperate本题考查定语从句，而先行词作为前置宾语，后面引导的从句需要前置的介词。3.decided to quit the match本题考查对时态的判断能力 4.contact us at the following address常见的祈使句表达

5.if it is convenient for you / at your convenience本题考查词组at one’s convenience.1.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to ______________(适应不同文化中的生活).2.Since my childhood I have found that ______________(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).3.The victim ______________(本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time.4.Some psychologists claim that people ______________(出门在外时可能会感到孤独).5.The nation’s population continues to rise ______________(以每年1200万人的速度).详解：

1.adapt oneself to the life/living in different cultures本题考查adapt oneself to这个短语，这里to是介词，后面接名词或动名词。

2.nothing is more attractive to me than reading本题考查比较结构，另外就是从句的时态。一般来说，当写作目的是叙述时，使用过去时;若表达的内容是议论或常识、真理时，用现在时。3.would have had a chance to survive/of survival本题考查与过去相反的虚拟语气的基本用法。4.might feel lonely when they are away from home.本题考查虚拟语气中的建议句式。

5.at a speed / rate of 12 million per year.或 at an annual speed of 12 million考点之一是短语at a speed of，其二是数字1200万人的表达。

1.We need not only be under various external pressures, but also _____________(也要面对内心的困惑).2.Would you _______________(愿意来参加我们的晚会)on Friday?

3.After the operation，_____________(他的身体很健康).4.-Will you be going back home for the Spring Festival?

-___________(当然啦).5.________________(我只发现了几个错误)in your composition.【答案与解析】

1.to be in the face of the internal perplexities

解析：本句意为：我们不仅要承受种种外界压力，还要面对内心的困惑。这句话考查的是not only…but also的结构。该结构的前后部分应该保持一致，前半部分用的是not only to，后半部分就应该是but also to。另外，前半句用了under pressure来表达承受压力，后半句最好也用一个介词短语来表达面对困惑之意，与前文相呼应。我们知道，face既可以用作动词也可以用作名词，in the case of意为“面对，面临”。其实全句有三处相对应出现的词或表达，他们是：not only to & but also to;be under & be in the face of;external pressures & internal perplexities。英语里比较注重这种并行结构。

2.come to our evening party

解析：考查“参加”的表达。Join往往是指参加俱乐部或者协会，如：join a health club;join the Communist Party，或者用join sb表示参加到某人的活动中来。事实上，常常与party搭配的动词是come或者go。如go to a wild party，或come to a Christmas Party。“参加”的另外一些用法有：参加会议(attend the meeting);参加某项活动(take part in the activity);参加考试(take/ sit /do the examination);参加礼拜(attend worship);参加社会活动(get about social activities)。

3.he is in good health/he’s healthy

解析：本题看似简单，实际在考查汉英表达习惯差异问题。“他的身体很健康”是一句典型的汉语表达，然而英语里表示某人身体好的时候不用“身体”作主语，直接用“某人”作主语。如果译成his body is healthy就可谓多此一举了。“身体健康”还可以用to be in good condition。

4.Sure/ Certainly

解析：本题也是一道考查汉英表达差异的题。很多考生不假思索地译成Of course。其实，以英语为母语的人使用of course的频率要比中国的考生低得多，只有在回答一些总所周知的问题或表示反语口吻时才说of course。因为of course后面隐含一句话是“当然我知道啦!难道我是一个傻瓜吗?”因此，of course带有挑衅的意味，语气很不友好。在使用方面，sure或certainly语气会婉转很多。同时of course not也具挑衅的意味。正常情况下的说法是certainly not。

5.I found a few mistakes

解析：few和little意为“几乎没有”，a few和a little意为“还有一些，有几个”。但若在a few和a little加上only，意思就变了。即only a few=few，而only a little=little。如：I can have only a little more.(我几乎不能再吃了。)She made only a few mistakes.(她几乎全对。)因此，如果译成I found only a few mistakes，意思就恰恰相反，“你的作文我几乎没发现错误”。这道题说明在汉译英时不能完全对应汉字翻译，而要考虑英语使用习惯和词语搭配。

1._______________(通过体育锻炼)，we can always stay healthy.2.According to the scientific research , _____________(听音乐能使我们放松).Is this really true?

3.______________(我们绝对不能)ignore the value of knowledge.4.As is known to all, ______________(假冒伪劣商品)harm the interests of consumers.5.Faced with failure,some people can stand up to it, _____________(从失败中汲取教训)and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do.【答案与解析】

1.By taking exercises

解析：通过锻炼，我们可以保持健康。其实这题答案不止一个。“锻炼”可以用名词也可以用动词短语。“通过”可以用by表示方式，through 表示途径。By taking exercises /Through exercises。往往by用于“by + doing”，而through后接名词哦。

2.listening to music enables us to feel relaxed

解析：“听音乐”在句中作主语，“听”应当处理成动名词形式。“能使我们放松”很多同学会采用 can make us feel relaxed的结构。其实，enable就有“能够使某人……”的含义，注意enable sb.to do 的表达。

3.On no account can we

解析：本题是强调语气，强调“决不能”，所以联想到on no account ,by no means,at no time,in no case等。不管用哪一个，都要注意它们是含有否定的意味的，因此在置于句首时应使用倒装语序。

4.fake and inferior commodities

解析：“假冒伪劣商品”包含两层含义：一是假货，二是次品，在翻译成英文的时候应该注意两层含义的正确译法。“假冒”不能用false而应选择fake，“次品”可以说inferior表示质量差，也可以用commodity of low quality。

5.draw useful lessons from it

解析：句意为：面对失败，有的人能够顽强抵抗，从中吸取教训，努力实现他们的目标。本句由三个并列的谓语成分构成，谓语动词分别是stand up to“汲取”和try。“汲取教训”正确表达为draw a lesson from。然而我们又能从全句判断，从失败中吸取教训是为了将来能够更好地实现目标，因此加上修饰语useful，使内容更明确。

1.Everyone has his inherent ability ,________________(只是很容易被习惯所掩盖).2.The importance of traffic safety , _________________(无论如何强调都不为过).3.In my opinion , ______________(打电动玩具既浪费时间也有害健康).4.There is no doubt that ______________(近视是一个很严重的问题)among the youth of our country.5.According to my personal experience , ___________________(微笑已带给我许多好处).1.which is easily concealed by habits

解析：每个人都有与生俱来的能力，只是很容易被习惯所掩盖。本题的难点在于对动词“掩盖”的选择。这里的“掩盖”是抽象含义，并不是像 cover那样能找到真实的掩盖物，所以应该选择conceal，常用搭配由：conceal...from。另外，这句话是一个非限制性定语从句。句子需填补内容是对 ability的补充说明，“能力”是中心词。因此，要用which引导这个非限制性定语从句。

2.can’t be overemphasized / can’t be emphasized too much

解析：本句考查的是“再......也不为过的”的说法。英语句型是：cannot + do sth.+ too much 或 cannot over-do，如：He is so excellent that we cannot praise him too much.(他是这样的优秀，我们怎样称赞他都不过分。)cannot是否定，与too much 和 over-V.结构连用时强调肯定，表示“怎么......也不为过”。

3.playing video games not only takes much time but also does harm to health

解析：句子需填补部分的主语是“打电动玩具”，虽然“打”是动词，但根据全句结构我们需要将play处理成动名词形式充当主语。此外，考察“不仅......还”的句型。“浪费时间”除了答案表达之外也可以用waste time。

4.near-sightedness is a serious problem

解析：There is no doubt that后接从句，从句里应有完整的主谓宾结构。如：There is no doubt that the thief jumped into the room from the balcony in the second floor.(毫无疑问，小偷是从二楼的阳台跳进来的。)“近视”还可以说成myopia 或 short sight。

5.smile has done me a lot of good

解析：本题考察“带给某人很多好处”的表达。我们知道“对某人有好处”可以说成do good to sb.或do sb.good，依此类推，“给我带来很多好处”就是：do a lot of good to me或do me a lot of good。

1._________________(如果机器真的能像人一样会思考的话)，there would be no more reason to fear them than to fear men.2.When it is short of water，a plant _______________(一般用蒸发作为降温的手段).3.He has never mixed with them or _____________(同他们坦城交流)，but has demanded and generally received a respect due to his position and superior intelligence.4.Your Math instructor would have been happy ________________(给你一次补考机会的)had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.5.________________(随着孩子们在经济上独立出来)of the family，the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years.1.If machines really thought as men do

解析：本题意为：如果机器真的能像人一样会思考的话，那么就没有理由害怕它们，如同没有理由害怕人类一样。考查的是虚拟语气的用法。如果所述与现在事实相反，那么虚拟条件句的从句谓语部分用过去时态，主句谓语部分用would/could/might/should+动词原型。如果所述与过去事实相反，则从句谓语用过去完成时态，主句谓语用would/could/might/should+动词现在完成时态。如果所述与将来事实相反，则从句谓语用 should/were to+动词原型，主句谓语用would/could/should/might+动词原型。本题属第一种。

2.normally uses evaporation as a means of cooling

解析：本题主要考查考生的词汇量。“蒸发”和“降温”可以分别用evaporation，cooling。cool本来是形容词“凉爽的，酷的，好的”，作为动词可以表示降温。本句可译为：在缺乏水分时，植物一般用蒸发作为降温的手段。

3.spoken to them on equal terms

解析：本题在理解上有一定难度，首先要看懂全句意思：他从来没有同它们亲密来往，或是同它们坦诚交流，但由于他的地位和高人一筹的聪明才智，他要求、也通常赢得了他们的尊敬。“同他们坦诚交流”的“坦诚”英语里没有一个对应词，只有用短语来表示。on equal terms是一个习惯用语，表示“平等相处”。另外，句子需填入部分还要注意前后时态一致。前半句用的是He has never…而…or…暗示前后是并列结构，所以“交流”也应用完成时态。

4.to give you a make-up examination

解析：要看出本题是一个虚拟语气句，had you gone and explained…是由于省略了标记词if而部分倒装。“补考”在英文里有固定搭配make-up examination。make up表示弥补、整理、和解、不足等。make-up暗含“补救”的意思。而这句话没有必要译成to give you a chance of make-up examination，因为这样在语义上就犯了重复的错误。这句话完整的意思是：如果你去向他解释你父母那时生病了，你的数学老师会乐于给你一次补考机会的。

5.As the children become financially independent 解析：本题考查的是“随着……”状语从句，英语可以用as引导。另一个考点是汉语动词词性向英语形容词词性的转换。全句意为：随着孩子们在经济上从家庭中独立出来，家庭经济保障的重心将从保护转移到为退休后的生活储蓄。

1._______________(他们没有去游泳)，they went to play football that day.2.There is no doubt that _____________(需求的增长导致了价格的上涨).3.He cannot win a good reputation，______________(因为他多嘴多舌).4.We have reasons to believe that, ______________(一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们).5.There are plenty of opportunities for everyone in oursociety，______________(但是只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人)can make use of them toachieve purpose.1.Instead of going swimming

解析：原文中 “没有”并不一定要对应成didn’t，这里我们可以使用insteadof，使译文简洁明了，合乎英语习惯。采用正译法，用英语不带否定词的表达来代替中文的“没有去”。从本题及ExerciseTwo中的第二题我们可以得出结论：汉译英时，可以灵活变换句型，充分利用英语的否定或半否定语气的词语或结构，以便使译句符合英语习惯。从另一角度看，后半句英语没有出现表示转折含义的连接词(如but)，因此They didn’t go swimming也是不成立的，不符合句法规范。

2.the increase in demand resulted in /caused the rise in prices

解析：考生要注意分清result from 和result in的区别。resultfrom指be caused by(由……产生)，是指原因;result in指cause，leadto(导致……)，是指结果。本题还有一个考点就是：做翻译时，应尽量照顾并行结构的前后一致，如：the increase in demandand the rise in prices。

3.because he has a loose tongue

解析：“多嘴多舌”显然有gossip的意思。因此我们在翻译时应先挖掘其深层含义，再用适当的英文表达出来。答案because he has a loose tongue看起来与原文并不对应，但却形象地讲内涵表达了出来。其他类似的翻译还有：abitter tongue(刻薄嘴);a long tongue(快嘴);a rough tongue(粗鲁话);a sharptongue(言语尖刻);a silver tongue(流利的口才);a smooth tongue(油嘴滑舌)。

4.we would have a better and brighter future

解析：本题意为：我们有理由相信，一个更加光明美好的未来等着我们。句子需填入部分特别容易被译成：abetter and brighter future waits forus。这是因为受到了中文母语的干扰，思维被中文的语序牵着跑。如果这样译的话就会导致前后半句的主语发生转换，前面是we，后面是 thefuture。这种转换在英文里就会显得非常突兀，不符合英文表达习惯。因此我们可以在汉译英稍作变通，将前后主语统一为“we”。本题还有一点考生要留意的是，是否能分清wait和await的使用区别。两者都表示“等待”，wait是不及物动词，必须后接介词for;await是及物动词，可以后接人。

5.but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly

解析：本句考生特别容易译成：the prepared and thequalified。定冠词the加上形容词可以表示某一类人。the prepared and thequalified就指代“作了准备的人”和“有资格的人”，但遗漏了原文中的“充分”和“高度”。由于原句的修饰部分内容很多，因此不适宜用 “the+形容词”的结构来指代某一类人。对于这种情况我们可以采用“某一类人+后置定语”的方法。这样答案就是but only those who areprepared adequately and qualifiedhighly。全句的意思是：在我们的社会里，人人都有许多机遇，但是只有那些作好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的 1.I replied to her that _______________(我将会接受她的邀请).2.She was angry with her husband ,so _____________(她不理不睬)when he spoke to her..3.How could we get news in our own society or abroad ______________(没有报纸的话)?

4.The latest census shows that China's population ______________(已超过10亿)

5.We have had ten recorders ,but we still need ____________(需要这么多)as again.1.I would accept her invitation

解析：本题考点一是时态的一致。由于前半句时态是replied，因此“将要”应译为would。本题考点二是“接受”的英文表达。accept和 receive都有表示接受的意思。receive指客观已经发生的情况。它只表明事实上收到某物而不管接受者主观上是否愿意接受。如：My father received a letter this morning.而accept带有主动或赞许的意味，表示不但收下某物，而且内心也同意接受。如：Please accept my little present.下面这句话可以帮助大家分清两个词的使用域：He received an invitation yesterday but he did not accept it.(他昨天收到一份邀请，但却没有接受。)

2.she ignored him

解析：由句意可知，她是对丈夫生气了，因而丈夫和她说话时她不予理睬。本题要注意ignore和neglect在含义上的差别。Ignore是故意不理睬别人，而neglect是表示疏忽(责任等)，并非故意，常和to连用，如：Don't neglect to lock the door.3.without newspaper

解析：本句是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气句，虚拟语气句并不一定全部要用if条件句引导。很多情况下，一些介词或介词短语，副词短语的出现要求整个句子使用虚拟语气。without就是其中之一。如：I couldn't have passed this exam without your help.(没有你的帮助，我不可能通过这次考试。)这句话用if条件句来表达就是I couldn't have passed this exam if I hadn't had your help.除了without外，英语里还有很多这样的词或短语是虚拟语气标志词。如：as if，as though，lest，for fear that，in case，even if，even though，in order that，so that，大家在复习虚拟语气语法点的时候要注意总结。

4.has exceeded one billion

解析：本句意为：据最新的人口普查，中国人口已超过10亿。本题一是要正确写出数字“10亿”，二是要正确选词“超过”，三是要注意完成时态。

5.as many

解析：本题考查倍数对等的正确说法，可以用“...as +adj.+as...”的结构。本句意为：我们已经有10台录音机了，但是我们还需要10台。

1._______________(随着工商业的发展),the number of trees in many big cities has dramatically reduced.2.Travel can widen our knowledge, _____________(扩大我们的眼界),and make one open-minded as well.3.Cars are responsible for most of the smog in cities, _______________(这已经对环境造成了严重的污染).4.Modernization will be entirely possible in the first half of the 21st century, as long as we ________________(坚持认为)that economic development is the center of all our work.5.He was convinced on the basis of ____________(当时已出现的情况)that there would be a long and difficult struggle.1.With industries and business developing quickly

解析：本句意为：随着工商业的发展，许多大城市的树木数量正急剧减少。“随着......”要用介词with或along with。“工商业”既包括工业也包括商业，翻译时要注意译文的完整性。本句也可译成：With the quick development of industries and business.2.broaden our horizon

解析：句中的短语widen our knowledge意思是“扩大我们的眼界”，make one open-minded是同义复指，它们表示相同的意思却在英语里使用不同的表达，以避免用词重复。这是英语行文的一个技巧，考生在翻译时应尽量避免 wordiness(用词累赘)，这个技巧在写六级作文时也值得借鉴。本句还可以译成：expand our vision或extend our sight.3.which has seriously polluted the environment

解析：“这已经对环境造成了严重的污染”中的“这”显然是指前半句提到的the smog in cities，这里需要的是一个非限制性定语从句，补充说明城市烟雾对环境的影响。本句还可以译成：which has brought serious pollution to the environment。

4.hold an idea/ insist on the idea/ stick to the idea

解析：本句意为：只要我们坚持以经济建设为中心，那么在21世纪上半叶实现现代化是完全可能的。本题考查固定短语“坚持认为”的说法。除了答案提供的说法外还有以下说法大家可以参考：persist in the idea/ persevere in the idea/ adhere to the idea等。

5.what had appeared by then

解析：“情况”在这里没必要直译成situation或case，本句含义是指基于当时的情况使他确信，因而可以用what引导作basis后置定语。还有一点需要注意的是，“当时已出现”要求我们在翻译时准确选择时态。by then与过去完成时态想一致，也可以用at that time。

1.A dog has won a German government award ________________(因协助警方劝阻一名妇女自杀).2.The manager points out _______________(我们的工作进展令人满意).3._________________(这栋房子需要现代化)：it has no bathroom or electricity.4.________________(飞机什么时候起飞)has not been announced.5.His idea is ________________(应该立即执行计划).1.for helping police persuade a woman not to commit suicide

解析：本句考查的是句子逻辑关系。根据意思可知，句子前半句是果，后半句是因。“一只狗因为协助警方阻止了一名妇女的自杀而获德国政府奖项”。英语通常把表示目的、假设、原因、让步等内容放在句子的后部，因此这句话可以由because，for来引导。“自杀”有一个固定短语commit suicide，“劝阻”要用强调结果成功的persuade。

2.that our work is progressing satisfactorily

解析：本题考查词性的转译，即：将原汉语句子中的动词“令人满意”转移成英语的副词satisfactorily。这种词性转换是翻译常用技巧，适当的转换可使译文通顺，符合英文表达习惯。另外，句子需填入部分在全句中充当宾语从句，因而不能漏译that。

3.This house needs modernizing

解析：本题同样考查汉英词性转换技巧。全句意为：这栋房子既没有浴室也没有电，(因而)需要现代化。“现代化”在汉语里是一个名词，在这个句子中实际上指的是“房子”需要配置现代化设备，它的含义不等同于modernization，“配备现代化设施”可以用 modernizing来表示。英语里很多以-ing结尾的动词表示该动作的过程，通常与need连用，如：These clothes need washing.本题是从名词到动词的转换。

4.When the plane is to take off

解析：本题考查的是以连接副词when引导的主语从句的翻译。中文意思是：飞机什么时候起飞还没有公布。这样的主语从句一般可以采用顺序法翻译。顺序法同样也适用于以that，what，whatever，who，whoever，where，how，why等引导的主语从句。如：认识他的人都信任他。(Who knows him will believe him.)本题的另一个考点是：“什么时候起飞”是一个将来时态，可以用be to来表达。

5.that the plan should be carried out immediately

解析：本题综合考查了表语从句、无主语翻译以及惯用搭配。首先，His idea is前半部分是一个完整的主谓结构，句子需填入部分在全句中充当表语;其次，“应该立即执行计划”中“计划”是被用来执行的，但是题干中并没有提到谁会来执行这个计划。因此，在主语没有出现的情况下，可以采用被动译法。“执行计划”在英语里可以用carry out the plan，perform the plan，implement the plan来表示。

第二篇：英语六级翻译训练(一)

六级翻译训练

（一）中国最火热的电视节目莫过于选秀节目（reality show）。选秀节目的独特魅力在于它提供了一个舞台，在这个舞台上普通的丑小鸭都可以成为耀眼的明星。对于那些喜欢唱歌跳舞的年轻人来说，选秀节目为他们发挥自己的能力、实现自身价值提供了一个崭新的途径。对许多人来说，选秀节目缺乏原创性，不过是一场低俗的偶像崇拜（idol worship）秀，其夸大的宣传也让选秀节目的观众倒足了胃口。但必须承认选秀节目作为一种新的节目类型吸引了不少观众，给他们带来了很多乐趣，所以更应该对其改进。只有这样，我们才会欣赏到真正精彩的选秀节目。

第三篇：2014年英语六级考试翻译

端午节可以追溯到公元前227年的战国时代。这个节日是为了纪念楚国的大夫屈原，他因为对朝廷的贪污腐败感到绝望而投河自尽。镇上的人纷纷冲上船去救他，却没有成功。后来大家把米撒到水里，希望把饥饿的鱼群从他的躯体边引开。多年以后，屈原逝世的故事逐渐演变成赛龙舟和吃粽子(一种包在竹叶中的米食)的传统。2009年，端午节被联合国教科文组织宣布为非物质文化遗产。

端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival

追溯到 date back to

战国时代 the Warring States Period

纪念 commemorate

大夫minister

因„感到绝望 despair over

没有成功 in vain

撒 scatter

引开 distract

演变成 transform into

赛龙舟 race dragon boats

吃粽子 zongzi—a kind of rice wrapped in bamboo leaves

联合国教科文组织 United Nations’ Educational, Scientific and Cultural

Organization(UNESCO)

宣布 proclaim

非物质文化遗产 intangible cultural heritage

译文内容：

The Dragon Boat Festival can date back to the Warring States Period in 227 B.C.The festival commemorates Qu Yuan, a minister in the service of the Chu Emperor.Despairing over corruption at court, Qu threw himself into a river.Townspeople

jumped into their boats and tried in vain to save him.Then, hoping to distract hungry fish from his body, the people scattered rice into the water.Over the years, the story of Qu’s death transformed into the traditions of racing dragon boats and eating zongzi—a kind of rice wrapped in bamboo leaves.The Chinese Dragon Boat Festival was proclaimed an intangible cultural heritage by the United Nations’ Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)in 2009.中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口约占世界总人口的22%。在过去相当长的时期里，由于诸多原因,贫困一直困扰着中国。20世纪80年代中期，中国农村绝大多数地区凭借自身的发展优势，经济得到快速增长，但少数地区由于经济、社会、历史、自然等方面的制约，发展相对滞后。中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发展的进程中，在全国范围内实施了以解决贫困人口温饱问题为主要目标的有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发，极大地缓解了贫困现象。

China is the largest developing country in the world and its population accounts for about 22 percent of the world’s total.For a long period of its history, China has been plagued by poverty for various reasons.In the mid-1980s, the economy of an

overwhelming majority of the rural areas in China grew dramatically by virtue of their own advantages, but a small number of areas still lagged behind because of the constraints of their economic, social, historical, and natural conditions.The Chinese government, while working on all-round economic and social development, has

nationwide implemented a large-scale program for development-oriented poverty relief in a planned and organized way.With the main objective of helping

poverty-stricken people solve the food and clothing problems, this program has gone a long way toward alleviating poverty.1.发展中国家：英语中对应的表达为developing country，该句结构简单，直译即可。2.人口约占世界总人口的……：此句紧接上文，和前面一个分句共享一个主语China，为了指代清楚并且避免重复，此处的“人口”可译为its population。表达“(数量、比例上)占”有一个常用的词组account for。“世界总人口”如果直译的话是the world’s total population或者the total population of the world，但是由于该分句的主语中已经出现了一次population,故此处可将total活用作名词，意为“总数”。

3.在过去相当长的时期里：该分句如果直译的话可译为for a long time in the past，但是根据语境，此处“相当长的时期”指的是“中国历史中的一个很长的时期”，又由于该分句所在句的主语随后紧接着出现，因而可以意译为for a long period of its history。

4.由于诸多原因：此处较为简单，可以有多种译法。“由于”可以用because of, due to, out of来表达，也可以用一个简洁的单词for。“诸多”的表达方式也有很多，如many, various, a lot of, lots of等。因而该分句可简洁地译为for various reasons。

5.贫困一直困扰着……：表达“被贫困所困扰”较为常用的译法是be plagued by，由于此处表达的是过去已经发生并且其影响持续到现在的一种状态，因而注意时态要采用现在完成时。此处可译为…has been plagued by poverty。

6.20世纪80年代中期……发展相对滞后：该句较长，翻译时要注意平衡句子的结构。“经济发展较快”中的“经济”指的是“中国农村绝大多数地区的经济”，在翻译时可以照此调整一下句子的语序。“滞后”常用lag behind 来表达。

7.中国政府在致力于……缓解了贫困现象：该句内容较多，翻译时可以根据语义将该长句拆分成两个独立的句子，即：“中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发展的进程中，在全国范围内实施了有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发。扶贫开发以解决贫困人口的温饱问题为主要目标，极大地缓解了贫困现象。” “致力于”可以用短语work on来表达。“扶贫开发”实际上是一个项目，因而可灵活译为a program for development oriented poverty relief。

中国搏击术是对源于中国的各种搏击技艺的总称。俗称功夫或者武术。但“功夫”和“武术”在内涵上也有一定差别，两个词既体现了不同的搏击技艺传承，也可分别在搏击术之外的语境中单独使用。功夫一般指个人修炼的技艺或技能，而“武术”是指代搏击术时更实用的一个词。武术还可以指一种类似体操的现代体育运动，包括空手和器械套路表演，可以用一套现代美学标准打分评判。

Chinese martial arts describes the enormous variety of martial arts styles originating in

China.Kung fu and wushu are popular terms that have become synonymous with Chinese martial arts.However, the Chinese terms kung fu(Chinese : 功 夫 pinyin : gōngfū)and wushu

(traditional Chinese : 武术;simplified Chinese : 武术)have very distinct connotations.Each term can describe different martial arts traditions and can also be used in a context without

referencing martial arts.Colloquially, kung fu(or gong fu)alludes to any individual

accomplishment or cultivated skill.colloquially。In contrast, wushu is a more precise term that refers to general martial activities.The term wushu has also become the name for a modern sport similar to gymnastics involving the performance of adapted Chinese bare-handed and weapons forms(tàolù 套路)judged to a set of contemporary aesthetic criteria for points.同其他国家文化一样，在中国，无论是在餐馆还是在家，用餐时也有很多禁忌。适当了解一些中国的餐桌礼仪，不仅能让你更加入乡随俗，融入其中，而且能让别人注意到你，而不是你特别的用餐习惯。

有些餐桌礼仪是随着传统延续下来的，是决不能违反的。如果不了解这些餐桌礼仪并且破坏了这些规矩，到时可能得罪厨师，扫兴而归哦。

In China, as with any culture, there are rules and customs that surround what is appropriate and what is not when dining, whether it is in a restaurant or in someone’s home.Learning the appropriate way to act and what to say will not only help you feel like a native, but will also make those around you more comfortable, and able to focus on you, instead of your interesting eating habits.The customs surrounding Chinese tables’ manners is ingrained with tradition, and some rules are not to be broken.Failing to understand and follow all of the rules could result in offending the chef and ending the night in an unfavorable way.范文一： Happiness – Go for it

In this long journey we call “life”, everybody is in pursuit of happiness and has their

own interpretation of happiness.An inspiring idea is that happiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to deal with them, which reveals the very truth about happiness.It cannot be achieved through waiting, but only through striving.There is no way that life always progresses as we wish.Problems may occur and we find ourselves in trouble, but it doesn't mean we are deprived of happiness.There are numerous examples for us to follow: disabled people overcoming obstacles, patients fighting against disease, poverty-stricken people achieving their dreams--all these inspiring heroes.Their lives are definitely not problem-free, but they have found happiness by courageously solving problems.Therefore, it is essential to develop the ability to deal with problems.We need to muster our courage and confidence to face the fact.Meanwhile, we need to find effective ways to cope with them.In a word, if we stay strong and approach problems effectively, there will be no storm in life that we cannot weather.And after the storm, happiness is within our reach.范文二： Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay

commenting on the remark “the greatest use of life is to spend it for something that will outlast it.” You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you will do to make your life more meaningful.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.How to Live a Meaning Life

Among all the highlighted topics, there is “how to live a meaning life?” Everyone has his or her own opinion.As the saying has it, “the greatest use of life is to spend it for something that will outlast it.” I cannot agree any more.If our life is just to pursue something for ourselves, we will surely feel fruitless and

meaningless when we grow old.From Steve Jobs’s bibliography, we can get that the people who are crazy enough to think they can change the world are the ones who do.Steve Jobs has brought a

great many changes to our world.His life, although short, definitely outlast.That’s a life worth living.Therefore, if there is a way to make my life meaningful, it should be to find something I’m interested in and also helpful to others or the whole society.Only in this way can I keep my passion throughout my life until I finally fulfil my life.范文三： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay aboutthe impact of information explosion by referring to the saying “a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention”.You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you can do to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information? You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Ways to Get Over Information Explosion

As a famous saying goes, “A wealth of information creates a poverty of attention”.Nowadays we are in the Information Age.Some people keep complaining about distraction by the information explosion.Admittedly, the new information age has brought us so much convenience that we are allowed to get enough information just with a simple click sitting in front of the computers.Nevertheless, we are also confused, annoyed, distracted and upset by an incredibly large quantity of information.For example, when searching for something online, people are easily carried away by irrelevant information and forget their original plan.Besides, some information often turns out to be useless and actually advertisement.Therefore, it can be time-consuming and troublesome to search information online.Then what we can do to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information? Here I have some useful tips: Firstly, make a list of what you really want before your searching.This will help you to refuse some appealing, yet irrelevant information.Secondly, find some trustful and

professional sources or websites and then save and categorize them.In this case, you can easily leave some ads and useless information behind.

第四篇：英语六级翻译

From Nov.3 to 12, Beijing will restrict the use of private vehicles based on even-and odd-numbered license plates, and 70 percent of cars belonging to local governments, public institutions, social groups and state-owned enterprises will not be allowed to be used during the period.11月3日至11月12日，北京市将按照机动车车牌单双号对私家车实行限制措施，同时，政府机构、事业单位、社会组织以及国有企业70%的车辆都不允许在此期间上路行驶。

”拼车“ 用英语怎么说

Carpooling has become a popular choice for Beijing's white-collar workers as the limit on the number of cars on roads during the APEC meeting took effect on Monday.北京在APEC期间的车辆限行措施周一开始实施，拼车成为北京白领们的热门选择。”

取消死刑“和”刑法“用英语怎么说

The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress is considering reducing by nine the number of crimes subject to the death penalty through revising the Criminal Law.全国人大常委会拟通过《刑法》修正案减少九个适用死刑的罪名。”邪教“用英语怎么说

Liu Jinguo, vice-minister of public security, has been appointed deputy head of the 610 Office, the central government agency responsible for combating cults and handling cult-related issues.公安部副部长刘金国被任命为中央防范和处理邪教问题领导小组610办副组长。

“出柜”用英语怎么说？

苹果CEO提姆·库克周四宣布出柜，并表示他在用自己小心守护的隐私换取民权进步的机会，他也由此成为出柜的美国公司首脑中最有影响力的一位

Apple Inc CEO Tim Cook on Thursday became the most prominent American corporate leader to come out as gay, saying he was trading his closely guarded privacy for the chance to help move civil rights forward.“低碳出行”英语怎么说？

Shanghai marked World Car-Free Day on September 22nd with a series of publicity campaigns to promote low-carbon transportation, but didn't prevent cars from entering certain downtown areas as it had in the past.It was the seventh year Shanghai participated in World Car-Free Day along with 150 other cities around the country.Officials used the theme “Greener Traffic, Cleaner Air” to encourage car owners to take public transportation more often and help ease road congestion and contribute to better air quality.9月22日是“世界无车日”，沪上并未像过去一样在市区某些区域设置“车辆禁行区”，而是通过一系列丰富多彩的宣传活动，倡导市民低碳出行。

这是上海第七年参与“世界无车日”的活动，一同参与的还有全国其他150个城市。此次活动的官方主题为“绿色交通?清新空气”，旨在鼓励有车一族多乘坐公共交通出行，从而缓解交通拥堵，提升空气质量。

“广场舞”用英语怎么说？

A recent survey found that Shanghai residents have more tolerance for public square dancing, or guangchangwu, which has become a national controversy in recent years.最近的一项调查发现，上海居民对广场舞的容忍度有所提高。近年来广场舞一直是饱受民众争议的一个话题。

“穷游”英语怎么说？

Traveling is a priority for many people during the National Day holiday, and college students are no exception.But with landmarks swamped with tourists, and transportation and accommodation costs even higher during Golden Week, how to travel on a budget is a tricky question.对于许多人而言，在过去的国庆假期里，旅行可是头等大事。大学生们自然也不例外，但是，鉴于黄金周各大景点人山人海，交通、住宿费用水涨船高，如何“穷游”成为了一个棘手的问题。

”依法治国“英语怎么说？

中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第四次全体会议10月20日起至23日在北京召开，将首次以全会的形式专题研究部署全面推进依法治国。以往的四中全会多聚焦于党风建设，本次会议以依法治国为主题，反映出中国改革已进入攻坚期，将通过完善法治实现改革目标。

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committeewill deliberate on a draft decision of the CPC Central Committee on “major issues concerning comprehensively advancing rule of law”.”封杀劣迹艺人“用英语怎么说？

Watchdog bans broadcasts of works by tainted stars 广电总局下令封杀“劣迹艺人”

The country's top press and media watchdog has ordered TV stations and other outlets to stop broadcasting material featuring stars who use drugs or visit prostitutes.广电总局日前下令，各大卫视和其他媒体机构停止播出“有吸毒、嫖娼等违法犯罪行为者”参与制作的节目。

全面禁烟（可能性大）China is mulling

a

ban

on

all

forms

of

tobacco advertising,sponsorship and promotion of tobacco products, according to adraft regulation on Monday.据周一发布的一份条例草案规定，中国拟全面禁止任何形式的烟草广告、赞助活动以及烟草产品促销。

此次公开征求意见的控烟条例明确，所有室内公共场所一律禁止吸烟（smokingis banned in all kinds of indoor public places）；体育、健身场馆的室外观众座席、赛场区域（outdoor seating areas and venues of stadiums and fitness centers）、公共交通工具的室外等候区域（outdoor waiting areas of public transportation）等也全面禁止吸烟。

送审稿还规定，新闻出版广电总局负责对电影、电视剧及其他节目中的吸烟镜头（smokingscenes in films and TV shows）进行监督管理，违者最高罚款3万元。

这样的禁烟令堪称carpet（地毯式，全面）smoking ban。驾照自学自考

Under the reform, if someone wants toobtain a driver's license, they can learn the necessary skills on their own andregister online for an examination, said Huang Ming, vice-minister of publicsecurity.公安部副部长黄明表示，按照改革，人们可以自行学习驾车技能然后上网登记报考驾照。

此次reform on the issuing of driver's licenses（驾照改革）的目的是curb corruption in vehicle management departments（杜绝车管部门的腐败）。改革有望实现众人期盼已久的“驾照自学自考”。根据现行规定，想考取驾照的人必须上至少64小时的driving classes held by training schools（驾校课程），包括两门driving theory（驾照理论）课和两门driving practice（驾照实践）课。驾校学费从5000元到1万元不等，而且逐年上升。考生不能register for tests themselves（自行报考），而是由trainingagency registers on behalf of applicants（培训机构代为报考）。

APEC的亚太一体化

“The development prospect of ourregion hinges on the decisions and actions we take today,” he said.“We are duty-bound to create and fulfill an Asia-Pacific dream for ourpeople.”习近平指出，亚太发展前景取决于今天的决断和行动。我们有责任为本地区人民创造和实现亚太梦想。文中的Asia-Pacific dream就是指“亚太梦”。习近平指出，今天的亚太，在世界格局中的地位不断上升。也面临方方面面的挑战。亚太的未来，正处在关键的路口。

习近平在演讲中还指出，中国经济呈现出“new normal”（新常态）。我们正在推行的comprehensivelydeepening reform（全面深化改革），既是liberate theproductive force（对社会生产力的解放），也是对unleash the vitality ofthe society（社会活力的解放），必将成为推动中国经济社会发展的强大动力。

政府用房标准

The National Development and Reform Commission andMinistry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development jointly released the 32-pageset of guidelines outlining the construction standards for Party and governmentbuildings and offices on Monday.国家发展改革委、住房建设部周一发布了长达32页的党政机关办公用房建设标准。

“党政机关办公用房建设标准”即guidelines outlining the constructionstandards for Party and government buildings and offices，标准规定minister's office（部级正职的办公室）不超过54平方米。外面不搞luxurious decorations（豪华装修），不定位为landmarkbuilding（城市标志性建筑）。

自2012年12月4日中国中央政治局通过的eight-point code to cutbureaucracy and maintain close ties with the people（关于改进工作作风、密切联系群众的八项规定），就要求官员消除hedonism（享乐主义）。

药价改革

Prices of more than 2,700 drugs willsoon be determined by the market, rather than the government, as China getsready to roll out its ambitious drug pricing reform plan, industry sources said on Thursday.据业界消息周四透露，中国已准备好施行大规模的药价改革计划，今后超过2700种药品价格将由市场而不是政府来决定。“药价改革”英文就是drugpricing reform，根据改革方案，国家拟取消药品最高零售限价或出厂价格，从完善药品采购机制、强化医保控费作用、强化医疗行为监管、强化价格行为监管等四方面加强监管，发挥医保支付基准价的引导作用，使药品市场价格保持在合理的水平。

现阶段government-priced drugs（由政府定价的药品）占据了整个药品市场的23%。从明年一月份开始，政府不再设定药品的maximumretail price（最高零售限价）或factory price（出厂价）。

第五篇：英语六级翻译

2012年6月

《孙子兵法》（The Art of War）是中国古代最重要的一部军事著作之一，是我国优秀传统文化的重要组成部分。孙子（Sun Tzu），即该书的作者，在书中揭示的一系列具有普遍意义的军事规律，不仅受到军事家门的推崇，还在经济领域、领导艺术、人生追求甚至家庭关系等诸多方面，具有广泛的指导作用。《孙子兵法》中的许多名言警句（epigram），富有哲理，意义深远，在国内外广为流传。如今，《孙子兵法》已被翻译成多种语言，在世界军事史上也具有重要的地位。

The Art of War is one of the most important ancient Chinese military literary works, and serves as an important part of outstanding traditional culture in China.Sun Tzu, the author of the book, revealed a series of universal military laws which are not only valued by militarists but also play an extensive guiding role in several fields such as economy, art of leadership, the pursuit of life and even family relationship.There are a lot of famous saying and epigrams in The Art of War that are rich in wisdom and have profound meanings and are thus widely circulated both at home and abroad.Nowadays The Art of War has been translated into many languages and it also plays an important role in the military history of the world.2012年12月

京剧

京剧（Peking Opera）已有200多年的历史，是中国的国剧。与其他地方戏相比，京剧享有更高的荣誉，但其实京剧融合了多种地方戏的元素。京剧演员的脸谱（facial make-up）和戏服都很精美，相比之下舞台布景则十分简单。表演者主要应用四种技能：唱、念、做、打。京剧较擅长于表现历史题材的政治、军事斗争，故事大多取自于历史演义和小说话本（historic and fictional stories）。在古代，京剧大多是在户外演出的，因此演员们形成了一种有穿透力的唱腔，以便每个人都能听到。

Peking Opera, as the national opera of China, has a history of more than 200 years.Compared with other Chinese local operas,Peking Opera enjoys a higher reputation;but actually it absorbed many elements of other local operas.The facial make-up and costumers of the performs are very delicate;by contrast, the backdrops are quiet plain.During performance, the performers mainly utilize four skills: song, speech, dance, and combat.Peking Opera is better at performing political and military struggle with historic and the performed stories are mainly from historic and fictional stories.In ancient times, Peking Opera, was mostly performed in the open air, so the performers developed a piercing style of song that could be heard by everyone.2013年6月

中国卫生监督部门决定在未来三到五年之内建立一个全国性的网络，用以监测空气污染对人类健康的影响。这一目标于国家卫生和计划生育委员会(National Health and Family Planning Commission)针对空气污染的一份工作文件中披露，根据这份文件，该网络将搜集不同地区空气中的PM2.5数据和主要空气污染物浓度变化的数据。这将为分析和评估空气污染对健康的影响提供数据支持。这一文件提到，缺乏长期而系统的监测使国家无法揭示空气污染和人类健康之间的联系。

China’s health watchdog has decided to set up a national network to monitor the impact air pollution on human’s health within the coming three to five years.The goal was revealed in a work document on air pollution released by National Health and Family Planning Commission.According to the document, the network will gather data on PM2.5 in the air in different regions and the density changes of main air pollutants.That will provide data support for the analysis and evaluation of the impact of air pollution on health.The document noted that lack of long-term and systematic monitoring prevented the country from uncovering the link between air pollution and human’s health.2013年12月第一套

中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，是人门拜月的节日。这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节贝类为中国文化遗产，2008年又被定位公共假日。月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食。人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“寿（longevity）”、“福”或“和”等字样。

Since ancient times, Chinese people have celebrated their harvest during mid-autumn, which is quite similar to the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving Day in North America.The custom of celebrating Mid-Autumn Festival started gaining its popularity in the early Tang Dynasty around China.The Mid-Autumn Festival ,celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, is a festival for Chinese people to worship the moon.During the night of the day when the bright moon is shining in the sky, there will be family reunions and family members will enjoy the bight moon together.In 2006, the Mid-Autumn Festival was listed as a Chinese cultural heritage, and in 2008, it was designated as a public holiday.The moon cake is seen as the indispensable fine food for the Mid-Autumn Festival.People send moon cakes as gifts to their relatives and friends or they eat moon cakes at family gatherings.Traditional moon cakes are imprinted with Chinese characters conveying such meanings as “longevity”, “blessing”or “harmony”.2013年12月第三套

闻名于世界的丝绸之路是一系列连接东西方的路线。丝绸之路延伸6000多公里，得名于中国古代的丝绸贸易。丝绸之路上的贸易在中国、南亚、欧洲和中东文明发展中发挥了重要的作用。正式通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术这四大发明才被引介到世界各地。同样，中国的丝绸、茶叶和瓷器(porcelain)也传遍全球。物质文化的交流是双向的，欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需求。

The word-famous Silk Road refers to a series of routes that connect the East and the West.The Silk Road extends for over 6,000 kilometers and derived its name from ancient China’s silk trade.The trades that occurred on the Silk Road played an important role in the development process of the civilization of China, South Asia, Europe and the Middle East.It is by way of the Silk Road that China’s four great inventions, namely paper-making, powder, compass and printing technology, were introduced to all over the word.Similarly, Chinese silk, tea and porcelain also spread to the whole word.Material and cultural exchanges are two-ways, for Europe also satisfied the demands of Chinese market by exporting various commodities and plants to China through the Silk Road.2013年12月第二套

中国园林（the Chinese garden）是经过三千多年演变而成的独具一格的园林景观（landscape）。它既包括为皇室成员享乐而建造的大型花园，也包括学者、商人和卸任的政府官员为摆脱嘈杂的外部世界而建造的私家花园。这些花园构成了一种意在表达人与自然之间应有的和谐关系的微缩景观。典型的中国园林四周有围墙，园内有池塘、假山（rock-work）、树木、花草以及各种各样由蜿蜒的小路和走廊连接的建筑。漫步在花园中，人们可以看到一系列精心设计的景观犹如山水画卷（scroll）一般展现在面前。

The Chinese garden is a unique landscape in virtue of evolution of more than three thousand years.It includes not only the large gardens built by the royal family for enjoyment, but also the private ones built by scholars, businessmen and former government officials for getting rid of the hustle and bustle of the outside world.These gardens constitute a kind of miniaturized landscape which aims at displaying the due harmonious relationship between human and nature.Typical Chinese gardens are surrounded by walls.In the gardens there are ponds, rock-works, trees, flowers and plants, and various architectures that are connected by winding paths or corridors.When rambling in the gardens, people can enjoy a series of elaborately designed landscapes which are presented in front of them like a landscape painting scroll.2014年6月

北京计划未来三年投资7,600亿元治理污染，从减少PM2.5排放入手。这一新公布的计划旨在减少四种主要污染源，包括500多万辆机动车的尾气（exhaust）排放、周边地区燃煤、来自北方的沙尘暴和本地的建筑灰尘。另有850亿元用于新建或升级城市垃圾处理和污水（sewage）处理设施，加上300医院投资未来三年的植树造林（forestation）。

市政府还计划建造一批水循环利用工厂，并制止违章建筑，以改善环境。另外，北京还将更严厉地处罚违反限排规定的行为。

Beijing has planned to invest 760 billion yuan to tackle pollution in coming three years, starting from reducing the PM2.5 emissions.The newly released plan is aimed at reducing four major pollution sources, including the exhaust emissions from more than 5 million motor vehicles, the burning of coals in the surrounding areas, the sandstorms from the North and the local construction dusts.Another 85 billion yuan will be used to build or upgrade the facilities for treatment of urban garbage and sewage and additional 30 billion yuan will be invested in forestation in the next three years.The municipal government also plans to set up a group of water recycling factories and curb peccancy buildings in order to improve the environment.In addition, Beijing will punish more severely the behaviors that violate the regulations of emission limitation.4