2016年江西成人学位英语试题答案

第一篇：2016年江西成人学位英语试题答案

2016年江西成人学位英语考试试题答案+920085687=真品Most people have had a dog or wanted one as their companion at some time in their lives.If you are thinking of buying a dog, however, you should first decide what sort of companion you need and whether the dog is likely to be happy in the surroundings you can provide.Specialists’ advice is useful to help you choose the most suitable kind of dog.But in part the decision depends on common sense.Different dogs were originally developed to perform specific tasks.So if you want a dog to protect you or your house, for example, you should choose the one that has the right size and characteristics.You must also be ready to devote a great deal of time to training the dog when it is young and give it the exercise needs throughout its life, unless you live in the countryside and can let it run freely.Dogs are demanding pets.Cats love the house and so are satisfactory with their place where there is secure, but a dog is loyal to its master and consequently wants him show proof of his affection.The best time to buy a baby dog is when it is between 6 and 8 weeks old so that it can transfer its love for its mother to its master.If baby dogs have not established a relationship with the human being until they are over three months old, their strong relationship will always be with dogs.They are likely to be too shy when they are brought out into the world to become good pets.11.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A.You can always get help from the specialists.B.It is common sense that is the most important when choosing a dog.C.You should decide what kind of dog you want.D.Size and characteristics of the dogs should be considered too.12.What is mentioned as a consideration in buying a dog? A.The color of the dog.B.The price of the dog.C.Whether the dog will fit the environment.D.Whether the dog will get along with the other pets in the house.13.Why does the writer say a dog is a more demanding pet than a cat? A.It must be trained so that it won’t bite.B.It demands more food and space.C.It needs more love and care.D.It must be looked after carefully.14.Why is it advised to buy a baby dog under three months old? A.It’s easier to buy a baby dog under three months old.B.They are less likely to be shy with human beings.C.They are less likely to run away.D.It’s easier for them to form a relationship with their masters.15.The underlined word “affection” means ________.A.love B.effect C.tie D.relationship

Passage 4 Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage: Movies are the most popular form of entertainment for millions of Americans.They go to the movies to escape their normal everyday existence and to experience a life more exciting than their own.They may choose to see a particular film because they like the actors or because they have heard the film has a good story.But the main reason why people go to the movies is to escape.Sitting in a dark theater, watching the images on the screen, they enter another world that is real to them.They become involved in the lives of the characters in the movie, and for two hours, they forget all about their own problems.They are in a dream world where things often appear to be more romantic and beautiful than in real life.The biggest “dream factories” are in Hollywood, the capital of the film industry.Each year, Hollywood studios make hundreds of movies that are shown all over the world.American movies are popular because they tell stories and they are well-made.They provide the public with heroes who do things the average person would like to do but often can’t.People have to cope with many problems and much trouble in real life, so they feel encouraged when they see the “good guys” win in the movies.16.The Americans go to the movies mainly because they want ________.A.to enjoy a good story B.to experience an exciting life C.to see the actors and actresses D.to escape their daily life 17.Which of the following is people’s normal response to the movies they watch? A.They feel that everything on the screen is familiar to them.B.They try to turn their dreams into reality.C.They become so involved that they forget their own problems.D.They are touched by the life stories of the actors and actresses.18.It is obvious that real life is ________.A.less romantic than that in the movies B.more romantic than that in the movies C.as romantic as that in the movies D.filled with romantic stories 19.The American movies are popular because ________.A.they are well-made and the stories are interesting B.the characters in the movies are free to do whatever they like C.the heroes have to cope with many problems and frustrations D.good guys in the movies always win in the end 20.People enjoy seeing the movies because they ________.A.are tired of their everyday lives B.feel inspired by the heroic deeds of the good guys C.want to see who win in the end D.have to cope with many problems in their livesDirections: In this part there are 40 incomplete sentences.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.21.Mary regretted ________ to John’s birthday party last Sunday.A.not going B.not to go C.not having been going D.not to be going 22.The famous novel is said ________ into Chinese.A.to have translated B.to be translate C.to have been translated D.to translate 23.Standing on the bank, the children watched the ship ________ with all kinds of goods.A.loading B.being loaded C.to be loaded D.having loaded 24.I ________ writing the article by the time you get back.A.shall finish B.must have finished C.have finished D.shall have finished 25.Mary never tells anyone what she does for a ________.A.job B.work C.profession D.living 26.I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left;I ________ him earlier.A.had a telephone B.have phoned C.should have phoned D.should be phoned 27.With the old man ________ the way, we had no trouble in finding that mysterious cave.A.leading B.led C.lead D.to be led 28.________ anything about the accident, he went to work as well.A.Not know B.Know not C.Knowing not D.Not knowing 29.Nowhere else in the world ________ more attractive scenery than in Switzerland.A.you can find B.is found C.can you find D.has been found 30.The voters told the politician that he could ________ on their support in the next general elections.A.expect B.decide C.count D.doubt 31.An old friend from abroad, ________ I was expecting to stay with, telephoned me from the airport.A.that B.whom C.who D.which 32.Peter wishes that he ________ law instead of literature when he was in college.A.could study B.studied C.had studied D.would study 33.When she heard the bad news, she ________ completely.A.broke away B.broke up C.broke down D.broke out 34.He ________ a large fortune from his business.A.made B.won C.expected D.gained 35.He never wrote to his father ________ he was in need of money.A.except B.except when C.except for D.except that 36.He looked behind him to ________ he was not being followed.A.believe B.find C.make sure D.look 37.The car was repaired but not quite to my ________.A.joy B.pleasure C.attraction D.satisfaction 38.Are you ________ spending more money on the space program? A.in favor of B.by favor of C.in favor to D.out of favor 39.Fortunately, the demonstration ________ to be quite peaceful.A.turned in B.turned out C.showed off D.showed up 40.________ was unimportant.A.Whether he enjoyed our dinner or not B.No matter how he enjoyed our dinner C.If he enjoyed our dinner D.What he enjoyed our dinner 41.Selfish people often take ________ of other people’s kindness.A.advantage B.care C.use D.profit 42.His business is growing so fast that he must ________ more workers.A.take up B.take on C.take over D.take out 43.It is desirable that he ________.A.gives up trying B.give up trying C.would give up trying D.is going to give up trying 44.Young ________ he is, he knows what is the right thing to do.A.that B.as C.although D.however 45.This is one of the best books ________ on the subject.A.that have ever been written B.which have ever been written C.that has ever been written D.whatever have been written 46.We were not surprised at ________, for he had worked so hard.A.what has he achieved B.that what he had achieved C.what he had achieved D.that he had achieved 47.My room is a mess.It needs ________.A.to be tidying up B.tidying up C.to tidy up D.tidied up 48.A great celebration is going to be held ________ the distinguished writer.A.in spite of B.in honor of C.in favor of D.in the name of 49.All the members in the jury agreed that the man was ________ of theft.A.criminal B.charged C.guilty D.faulty 50.Having finished the letter, he ________ it carefully and sealed the envelop with a kiss.A.folded B.bent C.turned D.equipped 51.The police were given an order that the stolen documents must be recovered at all ________.A.accounts B.conditions C.payments D.costs 52.This new instrument is far superior ________ the old one we bought three years ago.A.than B.to C.over D.of 53.Not until I reminded him for the third time ________ working and looked up.A.that he stopped B.does he stopped C.did he stop D.that he stopped 54.I am very sorry for ________ for so long.A.keep you waiting B.having kept you waiting C.waiting for you D.keep you wait 55.No sooner had they got off the train ________ it started moving.A.when B.than C.then D.after 56.The teacher has his students ________ a composition every other week.A.to write B.written C.writing D.write 57.When and where the new hospital will be built ________ a mystery.A.to remain B.remains C.remain D.is remaining 58.The middle-aged man was seen ________ out of the house on the afternoon of the murder.A.came B.come C.to come D.have come 59.The premier and the visiting foreign minister had a talk in ________ friendly atmosphere.A.a most B.most C.very D.the very 60.My next door neighbor Johnson seems to have ________ opinion on the show last night.A.rather the strong B.rather strong C.a rather strong D.the rather strongDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, and for each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D at the end of the passage.You should choose the ONE answer that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center Tourism has become a very big 61.For Spain, Italy and Greece it is the largest 62 of foreign exchange, and 63 for Britain, it is the fourth.Faced 64 this huge new income, no government can afford to look 65 on the business;questions of hotel bath rooms, beach umbrellas and ice-cream sales are now 66 by ministers of tourism with solemn expertise.Before the Second World War the tourist industry was widely 67 as being unmanly and stupid.But 68 has become a new industry, as trade business used 69;in Spain, Italy, Greece and much of Eastern Europe, new road 70 have opened up in the country, first to tourists, and 71 to industry and locals.72 of tourism is a nationalized industry, a 73 part of national planning.In a place west of Marseilles, the French government is killing mosquitoes and 74 six big vacation places to 75 nearly a million tourists.In Eastern Europe, a whole new seaside 76 has sprung up 77 the last few years: the governments have greatly 78 when tourists from the West 79 from half a million four years 80 to nearly two million last year.61.A.firm B.business C.company D.affair 62.A.factor B.resource C.source D.cause 63.A.even B.yet C.also D.ever 64.A.in front of B.of C.with D.for 65.A.up B.at C.for D.down 66.A.determined B.discussed C.argued D.sold 67.A.regarded B.said C.talked D.spread 68.A.agriculture B.war C.tourism D.education 69.A.be done B.done C.to do D.to doing 70.A.types B.styles C.buildings D.systems 71.A.than B.later C.then D.latter 72.A.Many B.All C.None D.Much 73.A.key B.minor C.linking D.questioning 74.A.built B.building C.to be built D.have built 75.A.attract B.pull C.hold D.contain 76 A.civilization B.culture C.writing D.book 77.A.over B.for C.after D.beyond 78.A.suffered B.lost C.invested D.benefited 79.A.added B.divided C.reduced D.multiplied 80.A.since B.before C.ago D.afterDirections: Read the following passage and translate the 5 parts underlined in the following passage from English into Chinese and write them on the Translation Paper.Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages.(81)In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one.With a TV set in the family people don't have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre, the cinema, or the opera.(82)All they have to do is to push a button or turn a knob, and they can see plays, films, operas and shows of every kind.Some people, however, think that this is where the danger lies.The television viewers need to do nothing.He does not even have to use his legs if he has a remote control.He makes no choice and exercises, no judgment.He is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort on his part.(83)Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events and the latest developments in science and politics.The most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one's sitting room.(84)It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well;but on television everything is much more living, much more real.Yet here again there is a danger.The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical charm for us.(85)We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives.People are often heard to say that their television sets have broken down and that they have suddenly found that they have far more time to do things and that they have actually begun to talk to each other again.It makes one think, doesn't it? There are many other arguments for and against television.We must realize that television itself is neither good nor bad.It is the uses that it is put to that determine its value to society.Part V Writing(15%)For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: The Advantages and Disadvantages of Owing a Car Write at least 100 words and base your composition on the outline below and use the words for references as many as you can.

第二篇：成人学位英语完形填空

We have quite a bit of information about ancient Egyptian medicine.Doctors' instruc-

tions have been found to tell us.56 they did for the sick and the injured.57 many of

the treatments included magic, ancient Egyptians used plant leaves and other methods to treat

many.58.Religion, magic and medicine were.59 related in ancient Egypt.Some priests(牧师)were specially.60 as doctors to.61 the sick and the injured.Doctors were held to a high moral standard.Patients was treated with 62 and their 63 information was highly secret.The highest--ranking doctors were priests of the goddess Sekhmet, 64 controlled illnesses.Doctors spent a part o{ each year 65 the goddess.Doctors were thought to be 66 to the gods and able to ask them for healing.Temples were centers for healing.67 a person was ill, he or she would come to the temple or 68 a doctor for a diagnosis(诊断).A(n)69 prob-lem was treated with medicine, prayer and magic.If a clear cause was not 70 , the diagnosis would be that the illness was caused by an evil spirit or curse.The doctor would use magic spells to 71 a cure.72, a diagnosis could not be reached.73 this case, a patient would be told to rest for a period of time 74 another ex-amination could be 75

56.A.what B.whyC.thatD.which

57.A.When B.Since C.Although D.After

58.A.damagesB.diseases C.disastersD.destructions

59.A.hardly B.closely C.mainly D.shortly

60.A.trained B.designedC.plannedD.studied

61.A.look to B.come toC.care forD.search for

62.A.reputation B.inspection C.fameD.respect

63.A.ill B.ownC.hidden D.personal

64,.A.that B.which C.who D.what

65.A.serving B.reading C.learning D.following

66.A.careful B.generous C.mean D.close

67.A.Before B.When C.Until D.Since

68.A.think over B.apply toC.call for D.make up

69.A.serious B.internalC.odd D.obvious

70.A.treated B.discovered C.cured D.aroused

71.A.bring aboutB.set out C.insist onD.make up

72.A.Subsequently B.Consequently C.OccasionallyD.Hopefully

73.A.With B.In C.For D.On

74.A.until B.when C.although D.because

75.A.decided B.performed C.carried D.discussed

56.A本题考查宾语从句的引导词，因此选择what。

57.c本题考查连接词，根据句意“尽管许多治疗方法都包含巫术在里面，但是古埃及人也用植物的叶子和其他方法治疗疾病”，选择转折关系Although。

58.B治疗许多“疾病”diseases。

59.B表示紧密联系closely related。

60.A本题考查动词词义，train训练，培养。

61.D本题考查动词短语，care for sb.照顾，照料„„。

62.D根据句意，病人的隐私是高度保密的，说明病人是受到尊敬的，选择respect“尊敬，尊重”。

63.D个人信息、隐私personal information。

64.C 本题考查定语从句引导词，前面是the goddess Sekhmet，指人，用who。

65.A serve the god/goddess侍奉神明。

66.D根据句意，医生们被信为和神明很近，选择close，近的。

67.B当一个人生病的时候„„，选择when。

68.C本题考查动词短语意思。call for a doctor邀请一个医生。

69.D根据下文，下文提到难治的病，这里就应该是“明显的”问题是怎么治疗的，选择obvious明显的。

70.B本题考查动词词义。discover发现，如果病因没有被“发现”。

71.A本题考查动词词组。bring about带来，引起。

72.C根据句意，偶尔会查不出病因，occasionally偶尔，间或，符合题意。

73.B本题考查固定搭配。in this case在这种情况下。

74.A根据句意，病人被要求休息一段时间直到进行另外的检查，因此选择until。

75.B本题考查动词词义，perform实施，执行。

Of all the websites, one that has attracted attention recently is myspace, com.Most of this attention has come from the media and tells every reason 56 the web-site should be 57The threat of Internet predators(窃掠者)is indeed a tough re-ality, 58 shutting down the site is not the answer.If myspace, corn 59 shut down, another site would quickly 60 its place.Therefore, the right way is to teach teens how to use the site safely and educate them 61 who may be predators and how to 62 them.The key to 63 safe on the Internet is to make sure that your profile(个人资料)is secure.The 64 way is to change the privacy setting on your profile to “pri-vate”, which protects your information 65 only the people on your friend list can view it.Although this is 66 , it is not perfect.Predators can find ways to view your profile if they really want to, 67 through backing in(黑客入侵)or figuring out their way onto your friend list.Thus, you should never post too much personal 68.Some people actually post their home and school addresses, date to birth, and so on, often 69 predators know exactly where they will by and 70

The most information that is safe is your first name and province.Anything more is basically.71 a predator into your life.Another big problem is photos.[ suggest 72 skipping photos and never pos-ting a photo of a friend online without his or her 73 Most important, never, 74 any circumstances, agree to a real--life meeting with anyone you meet online, 75 how well you think you know this person.There are no guarantees that they have told the truth.58.A.what B.howC.whyD, which

57.A.shut down B.open upC.get intoD, turn on

58.A.but B.evenC.despite D, since

59.A.is B.are C.was D.were

60.A.get B.make C.takeD.push

61.A.as B.about C.for D.in

62.A.avoid B.get C.benefit D.hide

63.A.stay B.staying C.stayed D.staying

64.A.difficultB.simplestC.simple D.most difficuIt

65.A.as to B.no matter C.so that D.Because

66.A.efficientB.interesting C.effectiveD.impressive

67.A.if B.whetherC.howeverD.whatever

68.A.information B.documents C.filesD.messages

69.A.let B.make C.allow D.letting

70.A.what B.whyC.when D.how

71.A.introducing B.inviting C.investing D.interrupting

72.A.partly B.mostly C.lastly D.completely

73.A.favor B.ruleC.information D.permission

74.A.above B.under C.below D.at

75.A.no matter B.even if C.unless D.also

46.D应改为will you?考查祈使句的反意疑问句。当你读完那本书的时候，不要忘了把它放回原处，好吧?

47.C应改为should be。考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中应用，demand引导的宾语从句需要用should+动词原形。工厂的工人要求他们的工资应该提高20%。

48.B应改为to be seen。固定用法It remainsto be seen尚待分晓。还不知道吉姆是否适合参加决赛。

49.D应改为none of。三个人否定用none。我邀请了Joe、Linda和Tom，但是他们全都不来。

50.C应改为one。固定用法one„another一个另一个。在过去的20年中，网络已经帮助我们的世界用一种或另一种更好的方式发生了改变。

51.C应改为being spoken。这种语言在被非常少的人们使用的情况下，如何、为何存活了一千多年的问题很难解释。

52.C应改为older。几乎半数的25岁以上的美国人参加了某种形式的继续教育。

53.B应改为on。Keep an eye on对某事密切注意。很多父母觉得，出于对犯罪和学校暴力的担忧，他们需要密切注意他们的孩子。

54.B应改为spent。句子中已有谓语动词in-creased，因此，spend应改为非谓语形式。而时间与主语time的关系是被动关系，因此采用过去分词形式。对于已婚母亲来说，2009年花在孩子身上的时间，增加到了平均12.9小时每星期。

55.A应改为increasing。越来越多的证据证明，越来越多的年轻人在政治活动积极参与。

There 56 a king who had twelve beautiful daughters.They 57 in twelve beds all in one room and when they went to bed, the 58 were shut and locked up.59 , every morning 60 shoes were found to be quite worn through as if they had been danced in all night.Nobody could 61 how it happened, or 62 the princesses had been.So the king made it 63 to all that if any person could discover the 64 and find out where it was that the princesses danced in the 65 , he would have the 66 he liked best to take as his wife, and would be king 67 his death.But whoever tried and did not succeed, after three days and nights, would be 68 to death.A prince from a nearby country soon came.He was well entertained, and in the evening was taken to the chamber(大房间)next 69 the one where the princesses lay in their twelve 70.There he was to sit and 71 where they went to dance;and, in order 72 nothing could happen without him hearing it, the door of his 73 was left open.But the prince soon went to sleep;and when he 74 in the morning he found that the princesses had all been dancing, 75 the soles of their shoes were full of holes

56.A.was B.were C.is D.are

57.A.did B.slept C.washedD.kicked

58.A.chairsB.desks C.doors D.roofs

59.A.SoB.Therefore C.Then D.However

60.A.their B.your C.ourD.her

61.A.make outB.take out C.find out D.speak out

62.A.when B.what C.why D.where

63.A.knowB.knowing C.knows D.known

64.A.story B.secret C.news D.idea

65.A.nightB.day C.afternoon D.morning

66.A.one B.itC.some D.that

67.A.beforeB.after C.of D.below

68.A.madeB.passedC.putD.handed

69.A.by B.to C.atD.on

70.A.boxesB.buckets C.sofas D.beds

71.A.notice B.keep(2.watch D.hit

72.A.that B.whichC.who D.whose

73.A.kitchen B.classroom C.chamber D.restaurant

74.A.ate B.awoke C.slept D.ran

75.A.for B.soC.butD.though

46.A应把HOW改成What。how与what都可以引导感叹句，how修饰形容词和副词，what才可以跟名词。

47.B应把in his honor改成in whose honor。这里是一个定语从句，限定前面的主语，而whose可以实现这一功能。

48.D应把that改为what。因为本句缺少宾语，所以用what引导的一个定语从句来袁示。

49.A应将tO make改成having made，这一句是说“他之前已经做过多次努力„„”。

50.B应该将was改成were。In the town提前，句子倒装，句子主语many old people需要跟复数的谓语动词。

51.D应把to play改成playing。enjoy doingsth.为固定搭配。

52.B应把she was改成was she。因为在So„that„句型中，如果So引导的是一个完整的句子，主谓需要倒装。

53.C应把increasingly改为increasing。修饰need这个名词应该用形容词，而increasingly是副词。

54.C应把more去掉。more和比较级不可同时用，比较级中多音节词前才需加more。

55.A应把has去掉。本句有明显的过去时标志性短语ten years ago，应用一般过去时，故直接用died即可。

第三篇：成人学位英语习题

语法词汇综合练习一

1.______ we need to complete the construction is two million dollars.A.All what B.That all C.That D.What

2.______ all our kindness to help her, Sara refused to listen.A.At B.In C.For D.On

3._______ all the difficulties, she finished the project by herself.A.As for B.In spite C.Besides D.Despite

4._______ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.A.Being published B.Published C.Publishing D.To be published

5._______ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.A.Had they arrived B.Would they arrive C.Were they arriving D.Were they to arrive

6.______ book is interesting to her although reading is her hobby.She likes reading literature, not politics or economics.A.None of B.No C.Not every D.All

7._______classic music, which follows formal European tradition, jazz is a spontaneous and free form.A.In contrast to B.In connection with C.In comparison with D.In regard to

8._______ conflict among city-states caused the eventual decline of Greek civilization.A.Continuous B.Continual C.Constant D.Contrary

9._______ conventional black ink costs newspaper about thirty cents, most rub-resistant inks add at least ten cents more to the bill.A.While B.Furthermore C.Meanwhile D.Moreover 10._______ for this suggestion.A.There is something to be said B.There has something to be said C.It is something to be said D.It has something to be said

11._______ for your help, we'd never have been able to get over the difficulties.A.Had it not B.If it were not C.Had it not been D.It we had not been 12.______ he's already heard the news.A.Chances are B.Chance is C.Opportunities are D.Opportunity is

13._______ his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid.A.But for B.According to C.For all D.Thanks to

14._______ his return from Japan, Prof.Li went directly to his laboratory and started working with his colleagues.A.Upon B.At C.Within D.Over

15._______ I am concerned, some other arrangement would have been better.A.So far B.As for C.As far as D.So far from 16._______ I saw you I knew you were angry with me.A.A moment B.The moment C.In a moment D.For a moment

17._______ in government was exposed through the agency of the press.A.Corruption B.Cosmetic C.Cottage D.Costume 18._______ in the dark, his head hit against the wall.A.Walking B.His walking C.When he was walking D.While walking

19._______ is a term for the partial or complete inability to hear.A.There is deafness B.Deafness that C.It is deafness D.Deafness

20._______ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.A.That B.Which C.As D.It

21._______ is the center of our planetary system was a difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Age.A.It is the sun and not the earth B.Being the sun and not the earth C.The sun and not the earth D.That the sun and not the earth

22._______ it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.A.Believe B.To believe C.Believing D.Believed 23._______ kinds of matter in the world.A.There is a few million B.That there are millions C.There are a few million D.It is millions

24._______ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity.A.As B.Whether C.While D.Now that

25.______ me, I think an English-Chinese dictionary is much more helpful to our study than an All-English dictionary.A.As far as B.As far C.As for D.As regard

26._______ my return, I learned that Professor Smith had been at the Museum and would not be back for several hours.A.At B.With C.On D.During 27._______ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.A.To be free B.To free C.Freeing D.Freed

28._______ one time, Manchester was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world.A.On B.By C.At D.Of

29._______ quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.A.Until B.Before C.From D.Since

30._______ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.A.That was from Stephen B.It was Stephen whom C.It was from Stephen that D.It was Stephen that

1.D【句意】完成整个建设需要二百万元

【解析】在这里 what引导一个主语从句，what既起引导作用，又在从句中作谓语动词 need的宾语，如：What I want to know is why energy, unlike matter, is not made up of molecules and atoms.我想要知道的是，为什么能量不像物质那样是由分子和原子组成的。因此D是正确选择。尽管that也可引导主语从句，但不能在主语从句中做成分，所以B和 C错误。关系代词what不能用来引导定语从问，所以A也不正确。

2.C【句意】尽管我们想要帮助她，Sara却拒绝了。

【解析】for在这里意为“虽然，尽管”，相当于 in spite of，notwithstanding，如：For all his efforts，he didn't succeed．虽然他尽了力，但还是没有成功。at，in 和 on则没有这种意义和用法。

3.D【句意】尽管存在很多困难，她还是自己完成了这项工作。

【解析】despite意为“尽管，不顾”，如： He came to the meeting despite his serious illness.他尽管病得很厉害，还是来参加了会议。in spite要和of连用，意思与 despite相同，如上句可改为： He came to the meeting in spite of his serious illness.as for意为“至于……，就……而言”，如：As for this kind of rare metal, it will be further studied．至于这种稀有金属，要做进一步的研究。besides意为“除……之外”，如。Besides English he can speak French and German．除了英语他还会说法语和德语。由此可见只有D为正确答案。

4.B【句意】尽管在这个时间出版，他的作品还是受到了关注。

【解析】本题考查的是as引导的让步状语从句．动词publish动作的对象是从句的主语，所以需要用过去分词与was构成被动语态，如：Thoroughly cleaned as it was, the room didn't look tidy.房间虽然给彻底打扫了，但看起来并不整洁。选项A是现在分词的被动式，表示该动作正在进行或与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，如；Being earnestly invited to dinner, she couldn't very well refuse.有人热情邀请她参加宴会，她不好意思拒绝．选项C是现在分词的主动形式，选项D是动词不定式，而不定式做状话一般表示动作的目的，一般是将要发生的动作。由此可见，只有B是正确答案，而A，C和D旨不正确。

5.D【句意】在后天我们走之前他们可以赶过来的，我们会举行一次晚宴。

【解析】本句是一个虚拟条件句，主句的谓语用的是“should + 动词原形”，表示与现在事实相反或与将来事实可能相反。根据句子结构可以看出，从句部分是倒装句，省略了连接词if，由于句子中的时间状语是the day after tomorrow，所以从句动词应该用与将来事实可能相反的虚拟语气，即“should（were to）+ 动词原形”，如：Were they to act like that again，we should criticize them severely．要是他们再那样做，我们就要严厉地批评他们。由此可见，D是正确答案．

6.C【句意】并不是所有的书她都感兴趣，尽管阅读是她的乐趣。她喜欢读文学类的书，而不是政经类的书。

【解析】all，both，every，always，often，entirely，wholly，altogether等词的否定形式一般表示部分否定，如：All is not gold that glitters.发光的未必全是金子。又如：Every force does not always produce movement．力并非总产生运动。

7.A【句意】和古典音乐追随欧洲传统相反，爵士乐是一种自然和自由的表达方式。

【解析】in contrast to意为“同……相对照或相对比，与……相反”，比较的是两者之间的差异，如：In contrast to the China of pre-liberation days, China of today is strong and powerful.与解放前的中国相对比，今日的中国强大而有力。in connection with意为“与……有关系，关于”，如： In connection with your request of March 18th，we are sorry to tell you your goods can not be shipped right now．关于你 3月 18日信中提出）的要来，我们很抱歉你的货物不能马上装船。in comparison with意为“和……比较起来”，既可以比较相同点也可以比较不同点，如：The tallest buildings in London are small in comparison with those of New York．伦敦最高的楼房同纽约的比起来仍然很低。in regard to做“关于”讲，如：In regard to the other matter，we have not yet discussed it fully.关于其他事情，我们还没有充分讨论。

8.B【句意】城邦之间不断的冲突导致了希腊文明最终的衰落。

【解析】continual意为“经常不断的，常常的（中间可能有间隔）”，如：Continual smoking is bad to one's health．经常抽烟有害身体健康。continuous 指连续不断而且绝对不中断，如: The continuous work made me completely exhausted.不间断的工作使我筋疲力尽。constant可用来指习惯性的重复，如：Constant practice will make you overcome difficulties．经常训练会使你克服困难。contrary作“相反的”讲，如： Any contrary policy is absolutely wrong.任何相反的政策都是绝对错误的。

9.A【句意】用传统的墨水印刷大约需要三十美分，而防摩擦的墨水至少要贵十美分。

【解析】furthermore（此外，而且），meanwhile（同时）和moreover（再者，此外）均是副词，都不能引导从句。只有while是连词，意为“虽然”，含有让步之意，可以引导从句，如：While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they cannot be solved.虽然我承认这些问题很难，但我不认为它们不能解决。

10.A【句意】对这条建议，大家有些话要说。

【解析】“There is something(nothing, little, plenty)to be said for …”是一个句型，意为“……有一定（没有，几乎没有，很有）道理”，如：There is something to be said for both sides of the issue.看起来争论的双方都有一定道理。11.C【句意】如果没有你的帮助，我们不会克服那些困难。

【解析】根据句子结构，我们可以看出逗号后面是使用了虚拟语气的主句，因此，须填入表示与过去情况相反的虚拟条件句，“if it were not for …”这一结构表示同现在事实相反的假设，意为“如果不是……”，例如：If it weren't for his wife's money, he'd never be a director.”如果不是他妻子有钱，他永远不会成为一名董事。If it were not for his help, I would never study here．如果没有他的帮助，我永远不会在这儿学习。因此，BIf it were not 错误。“if it had not been for …”的倒装形式为“had it not been for …”，表示与过去事实相反的假设，意为“如果当时没有……”，主句谓语形式是“would ＋ have done”，例如：If it had not been for Dr.Li, he would have died of smallpox.如果当初不是李医生的话，他已死于天花了。Had it not been for his carelessness, the project wouldn't have failed.当时如果不是他粗心的话，这项工程不会失败。因此，C.Had it not been正确，A.Had it not错误（如果后跟been，就是正确的了），D.If we had not been无此结构。

12.A【句意】可能他听说了这条消息。

【解析】“(The)chances are(that)”常用于口语中，意为“很可能”，如：The chances are that he is staying at home.他很可能呆在家里。

13.C【句意】尽管他知识渊博，也受过教育，但本质上比较愚蠢。

【解析】for all意为“尽管，虽然”，如：For all you say, I still like him.尽管你这样说，我还是喜欢他。but for作“要不是，若非”讲，如：But for the rain, we should have had a pleasant journey.要不是下雨，我们就会去做一次很愉快的旅行了。according to意为“依照，根据”。thanks to则做“幸亏，由于”讲，如：Thanks to your help, we were successful.由于你的帮忙，我们得以成功。

14.A【句意】一从日本回来，李教授直接去了实验室，开始和同事们一起工作。【解析】“upon(on)+ 表示行为的名词”相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。15.C【句意】就我来说，其他的安排可能更好。

【解析】“as far as … be concerned”是固定搭配，意为“就……来说，就……而论”，如：It is impossible as far as we are concerned.对于我们来说，这是不可能的。so far意为“迄今为止”，如：The weather has been hot so far this summer.到目前为止，今年夏天天气一直很热。as for意为“至于……”，后跟名词或代词，不可跟从句。如：As for my past, I'm not telling you anything.至于我的历史，我什么都不会告诉你。so far from意为“非但不”，如：So far from taking my advice, he went and did just what I warned him against.他非但不接受我的劝告，反而去干了我告诫他别干的事。

16.B【句意】我一见到你，我知道你还在生我的气。

【解析】for a moment意为“一会儿”，in a moment做“立即，立刻”解，两者均可作时间状语。the moment相当于as soon as，起连接作用，引导时间状语从句，如：The moment she saw it, she recognized the type of the machine.她一看就认出了这台机器的型号。

17.A【句意】政府的腐败通过新闻界揭露了出来。

【解析】corruption意为“腐化，腐败”，如。Corruption among the officials was another cause for discontent.官员腐化是引起不满的又一原因。cosmetic意为“化妆品”，如：Mother has a special cosmetic bag for keeping her cosmetics in.母亲有一只专门放化妆品的化妆袋。cottage意为“小屋，别墅”，如：They have a summer cottage.他们有处避暑别墅。costume意为“服装，戏装”，如：He was dressed in ceremonial costume.他身穿礼服。18.C【句意】当他在黑暗中行走的时候，他的头碰到了墙。

【解析】由于walk和主句主语his head没有任何逻辑关系，因此在这里不能使用walk的非谓语形式，也不能使用“while +-ing”形式做状语，否则就形成了悬垂结构。在这种情况下，到们只好使用when引导的状语从句，所以C正确。

19.D【句意】聋是一个用来形容部分或者全部丧失听力的术语。

【解析】根据句子的结构我们可以看出，该处应为主语，而四个选项中可以做主语的只有deafness，因此D为正确答案。

20.C【句意】众所周知，马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。

【解析】根据句子结构我们可以看出，前面的句子是非限制性定语从句，四个选项中 A和 D不能引导此类从句，故应排除。Which引导的此类从句必须置于主句之后，因此B也不正确。as可以做关系词，做“正如…… 那样；如同……那样”讲，用来引导非限制性定语从句，这时，as指代整个主句，既可放在主句前，也可放在主句后，后一种情况往往被看做插入语，例如：As is known to us all, contributions to computer technology are no longer confined to any one country．大家都知道，对计算机技术做出贡献的，已经不像过去那样仅是某一个国家了。He did it on purpose，as is often the case．这是他故意干的，情况通常是这样。As we know, water is necessary for the existence of all forms of life.我们知道，水对于切生物的生存是必不可少的。有些考生误选了it，他们错误地认为it做形式主语，后面的Mark Twain is a great American writer做真正的主语。如将句中的逗号省略掉，并代之以that，那么选it就是正确的了。

21.D【句意】太阳是星系的中心，而不是地球，在中世纪这是一个难以理解的概念。

【解析】根据句子结构我们可以看出。在was前面是一个主语从句，而主语从句必须有引导词。但A，B和C中都没有引导词，因此三个均错。D中that引导主语从句，在句中不做任何成分，只起引导词的作用，因而D是正确答案，如。That he will refuse the offer is unlikely．他拒绝这项建议的可能性不大。

22.A【句意】信不信由你，他的发现在科技界引起了震动。

【解析】believe it or not是习惯用语，常用于口语中，意为“信不信由你，我说的是真的”。如：Believe it or not，he was granted a full scholarship by Harvard University.信不信由你，哈佛大学给他提供了全额奖学金。Believe it or not，I'm feeling quite homesick．我很想家，我说的是真话。

23.C【句意】世界上有数百万种物质。

【解析】million一词做数词时不加s，如：There are two million people in that city．那座市有200万人。另外，B中的that易使人认为它要引导一个名词性从句，而且million后加s时，要和of连用，D中it is不表示“存在”之意。因此B和D错误。在there be结构中，谓语动词要和与之最近的主语在数上保持一致。句中的kinds是复数，要求其谓语动词也用复数形式。因此A错误而C正确。

24.C【句意】虽然人类现在可以创造出各种放射性元素，但是他们没有办法来减少其放射性。【解析】while除了引导时间状语从句外，还可以引导让步状语从句，做“尽管，虽然”讲，有着强烈的对比意味，例如； While I admit his good points I can see his bad ones．虽然我承认他的优点，但我也能看得出他的缺点。whether引导让步状语从句时，通常与or连用，意为“不管……还是……”，例如。Whether you can see the moon or not，it is always round．不管你看见与否，月亮总是圆的。now that 意为“既然…… ”，引导条件状语从句，从句内容是既成的事实，例如： Now that you will come here，I needn't go there．既然你要来，我就没必要到那儿去了。as也可以引导让步状语从句，但是该从句一般置于主句之前，且从句内容必须倒装，例如。Much as he likes her，he does get irritated with her sometimes．尽管他喜欢她，可有时他确实也对她发火。Try as he would，he could not lift the rock．虽然他尽力了，但仍不能搬动那块石头。

25.C【句意】对我来说，我认为一本英汉字典要比一本全英字典要好。

【解析】as for做“对……来说，就……而言”讲，如： As for her，she prefers tea to coffee．至于她, 则更喜欢茶而不是咖啡。as（so）far as意为“就……所……”如：As far as I know，there are no peaches on the market．就我所知，市场上没有桃子。as far不做为固定短语用。as regard也不做为固定短语用，坦as regards是固定短语，意思是“至于”，如：Now，as regards money，what is to be done？至于钱的问题，该怎么办？

26.C【句意】我一回来就了解到史密斯教授已经到了博物馆，几个小时不会回来。

【解析】on用来指时间，表示“在……之时”，相当于at the same time of，后跟动名词或表示动作的名词，如： On his arrival in Qingdao he set to work in earnest一到青岛他就认真地干了起来。而at，with和during 则没有这种用法。

27.D【句意】摆脱了冰的束缚，气球越升越高，飘到了南方。

【解析】根据句于结构我们可以看出，该处应使用分词短语，表示原因，因此A和B应予以排除。又因为free和balloon具有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以 C也可以排除。此处使用过去分词表示动作的被动和完成，如：Influenced by his example，they performed countless good deeds．在他事迹的影响下，他们做了无数的好事．

28.C【句意】曾经，曼彻斯特是世界上几个大棉厂的诞生地。

【解析】at one time意为“曾经，一度”。如：At one time the little girl formed the habit of visiting Einstein after school every day。有一段时间，那个小女孩养成了个习惯，每天放学后都去看望爱因斯坦。选项A，B和D都不能和one time构成短语，故只有C正确。

29.A【句意】直到最近，英国的大部分已婚妇女还没有离家工作。

【解析】before，from和since与quite recently连用，不符合语法；before quite recently一般要与过去完成时连用；from（since）quite recently一般要与现在完成进行时连用。until用在否定句中表示“直到……才”之意，如：It was not until the beginning of the century that man began to realize that it was the brain not the heart that was the center of mind．直到本世纪初，人们才逐渐认识到是大脑而不是心脏是思维活动的中心．由此可见，A是正确答案。

30.C【句意】正是从Stephen那里，他听说了被人称之为专家的那个人。

【解析】由于英语语法要求在同一个句号前，不可以有两个既不是并列关系，也不是从属关系的句子，故A不是正确答案。B，C和D都使用了强调句型，但通过运用这样一个规则“将强调句型中的it is（或was）和that（或who）省略掉，句子结构仍然应该是完整的”，就可看出只有 C为正确答案。例如：It was this very student that had shown great interest in the problem．就是这个学生曾对这个问题表现出了极大的兴趣。

语法词汇综合练习二 赵文通

1._______ should any money be given to a small child.A.On no account B.From all accounts C.Of no account D.By all accounts 2._______ some mammals came to live in the sea is now known.A.Which B.Since C.Although D.How

3.______ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A.Each B.Any C.Either

D.One

4._______ such a good chance, he planned to learn more.A.To be given B.Having been given C.Having given D.Giving

5._______ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.A.For B.Now C.Since D.Despite

6._______ that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.A.During the 1960's B.That it was in the 1960's C.It was in the 1960's D.It was the 1960's

7._______ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.A.So clever are the construction robots B.So clever the construction robots are C.Such construction robots are clever D.Such clever construction robots are

8._______ that you were out, I wouldn't have bothered to come all the way at that time of night.A.If I should know B.If I know C.Had I known D.Were I to know

9._______ the advances of science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.A.As for B.Despite C.Except D.Besides

10._______ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.A.To give B.Given C.Giving D.Having given 11.______ the fact that he was in his seventies, the old man decided to swim across the channel.A.At B.Since C.Despite D.With

12._______ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A.In case of B.In spite of C.Because of D.But for

13._______ the library _______ the bookstore has the book I need.Will you tell me where I can get it?

A.Neither, nor B.Neither, or C.Either, or D.Either, nor 14._______ the sight of the police officers, the men ran off.A.In B.At C.On D.With

15._______ the wall, we decided that we should need three tins of paint.A.Making up B.Doing up C.Putting up D.Sizing up.16._______ the whole, early American city planning was excellent.A.In B.From C.On D.Above 17._______ we are having these days!A.What a lovely weather B.What lovely weathers C.What lovely weather D.What lovely a weather

18._______ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A.For now B.Now that C.Ever since D.By now 19.______ when she started complaining.A.Not until he arrived B.Hardly had he arrived C.No sooner had he arrived D.Scarcely did he arrive 20._______ whether he will come or not.A.There is no telling B.There is not telling C.There is telling not D.There is not to tell

21._______ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A.When compared B.Compare C.While comparing D.Comparing 22._______ you as soon as I know what _______.A.I'll phone…does happen B.I'll phone…has happened

C.I am phoning…happen D.I am going to phone…happens 23._______ you need is a good rest.A.Everything B.Anything C.All D.Something

24.______ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them.A.As B.Since C.Provided D.While

25._______ our poor record in school, we think you should study harder.A.In spite of B.In view of C.In charge of D.In case of

26._______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A.Other things being equal B.Were other things equal C.To be equal to other things D.Other things to be equal 27._______, he does not love her.A.As he likes her very much B.Though much he likes her C.Much although he likes her D.Much though he likes her 28.______, Henry washed the cup and put it away.A.Having drinking the coffee B.Drinking the coffee C.Having drunk the coffee D.After drunk the coffee 29._______, I'll love him all he same.A.He were rich or poor B.Be he rich or poor C.Being rich or poor D.Were he rich or poor 30._______, the little girl can help her mother with some housework.A.Young as she is B.Young as is she C.As she is young D.As is she young

1.A【句意】决不能把任何钱交给一个小孩。

【解析】具有否定意义的短语on no account用做状语，意为“决不”，用于句首时，句子主谓要倒装。例如： On no account must we view problems superficially and in isolation.我们决不能仅从表面上孤立地看待问题，of no account意为“不重要的”，相当于形容词。例如： His speech was of no account．他的发言毫不重要。from all accounts和 by all accounts意为“从（所有报纸等）的报道看”，例如： From（By）all accounts he has been to Guilin．根据各种说法，他去过桂林。From（By）all accounts he is a good doctor．根据各种说法，他是一位出色的医生。

2.D【句意】有些哺乳动物是如何开始在大海中成长的现在人们已经知道了。

【解析】根据句子结构我们可以看出，在is前面是一个主语从句。而since和although一般均引导状语从句，不引导名词性从句，故B和C应当排除。which作为连接代词，意为“哪些，哪个”，可以引导名词性从句，which在从句中一般做定语，如。The question is in which way we can carry out the test.问题是我们用什么方法才能进行这次测试。该句中已有some修饰mammals，再用which实属多余，因此A也可以排除。how做连接副调，意为“如何”，可以引导名词性从句，如：I want to know how he feels about working for 10 hours a day.我想知道他对一天工作10个小时是怎样想的。由此可见D为该题正确答案。

3.B【句意】任何有一点常识的学生应该能够回答这个问题。

【解析】any一般用在否定句或疑问句中（在肯定向中一般要用some），但是该词也可用于肯定句中，意为“任何，无论哪一个”，此时的any须重读。例如: The government is opposed to any further increase in taxes．政府反对进一步增加税收。Any device that stores up electric charge is called an electric capacitor．任何储存电荷的装置都叫电容器。each做“各自的，每个的，每一”讲，例如：Each book and each pen is found in its place．每一本书每一支笔都放得并并有条。either用作形容词，意为“任一的，（两方中的）每一方的”，常和or连用，例如： In either case，whenever atoms are changed, energy is released．在任一情况下，每当原子发生变化时，总要释放出能量。

4.B【句意】给了这么好一个机会，他计划学到更多的东西。

【解析】该题旨在考查非谓语动词的用法。现在分词的完成式表示该分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示动作之前，而现在分词的一般式则表示该动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生，如： Relying on our own efforts，we overcame one difficulty after another．我们依靠自己的力量克服了一个又一个困难。Having worked among the workers for so many years，he knew them very well．由于在工人中工作多年，他对他们非常了解。根据句意，该处应用被动语态，故B为正确答案，而 C和 D错误。不定式一般用作目的状语，表示将来的动作，如：To generate a current by magnetic action，a wire is made to pass through a mangnetic field．为了通过磁作用来产生电流，可以使用导线切割磁场。To do a good job，we must have the right tools．要干好活工具要对头。可见A也错误。

5.B【句意】由于我的头脑已经清醒了，我的大脑也开始里灵活起来。

【解析】now that是复合连词．意为“既然，由于”，如：Now that you’ve grown up，you must stop this childish behavior.你既然长大了，就必须停止这种幼稚的行为。for和 since接从句时，都不和that连用，despite后要跟名词，所以正确答案是B。6.C【句意】正是在二十世纪六十年代，这两个国家的贸易达到了顶点。

【解析】该题旨在考查强调句型。我们知道，英语强调句型的结构是“It + is（was）+ 被强调部分+ that（who）+ 句子其他部分”。被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语，如：It was Tom that（who）met your sister in the zoo yesterday．是汤姆昨天在动物园碰到你姐姐的。It was your sister that（whom）Tom met in the zoo yesterday．汤姆昨天在动物园碰到的是你姐姐。It was in the zoo that Tom met your sister yesterday．汤姆昨天是在动物园碰到你姐姐的。It was yesterday that Tom met your sister in the zoo．汤姆是昨天在动物园碰到你姐姐的。根据句意，该题强调的是时间状语，可见只有C能与之构成完整的强调句型，为正确答案。

7.A【句意】建筑用机器人是如此的聪明，以至于他们能够减少工地用工量的百分之九十。【解析】 such（A用在名词前（带或不带形容词），so用在形容词前（不带名词），例如：She was embarrassed at such a request．对这样的请求她感到很为难。She was anxious about her daughter being out so late at night．女儿晚上外出，很晚不归，她为此担心。“so + 形容词 + a（n）+ 名词”结构常用于书面语。例如：I has never met so gentle a person． This is so beautiful a country．这是一个非常美丽的国家。用so和such的词组，后面可跟that引导的结果状语从句，例如：She made such a good meal that we all ate far too much．她莱烧得这么好，我们都吃得太多了。根据句意及结构，C Such construction robots are clever和 Dsuch clever construction robots are错误，可改为They are such clever construction robots…。so或 such引起的短语位于句首，表示强调时，主句主谓要倒装。例如：So clever is the boy that we all like him．小孩子十分聪明，我们都喜欢他。Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken．爆炸的威力很大，所有的窗子都震坏了。因此，A正确而B错误。

8.C【句意】如果我知道你出去了，晚上那个时间我不会去打扰你。

【解析】根据句意，此处应使用虚拟语气，因此B错误。A尽管使用了虚拟语气，但它表示的是对一般将来情况的虚拟，所以时态不正确。为了表示语气上的强调，虚拟条件句中可以省略if，而此时从句应使用倒装结构，如： Had he taken a little more time to think，he might have acted more reasonably．如果他再多用一点时间思考一下，他的行动 就可能会更理智些。尽管D也使用了倒装结构，但它表示的是对一般将来的虚拟，时态不正确。可见只有C正确。

9.B【句意】尽管科技进步了，人老以后带来的各种不便会伴随着我们。

【解析】despite意为“尽管，不顾”，引导让步状语，如：He persisted in going his own way，despite my warnings．他不顾我的再三警告，一意孤行。as for意为“至于……，就……而言”，如：As for it，I will say nothing any more．至于这件事情，我不再说什么了。except意为“除……之外”，表示排除与整体性质相同的人或物，如： He gets up early every day except on Sunday．除星期日外，他每天早起。besides意为“除……之外”，如：Besides English he can speak French and German.除了会说英语外。他还会说法语和德语。由此可见，B是正确答案。

10.B【句意】考虑到德国对其经济实力所作的声明，德国经济实力的弱小实在让人惊讶。【解析】过去分词短语作状语一般要和句子主语有逻辑动宾关系，但是有时句子中的过去分词虽然和句子主语不是逻辑动宾关系，但却符合语法，因为这些过去分词功能相当于一个连词或介词，given就是其中之一。given可用作介词，意为“考虑到,假定，假若”，例如： Given the weather，the football game was quite good．考虑到天气因素，这场足球赛踢得相当不错。Given that he was still a boy，I forgave him.考虑到他还是个孩子，我就原谅他了。

11.C【句意】尽管自己已经七十多岁了，这位老人还是决定游过海峡。【解析】本句意为“尽管老人已 70多岁，他还是决定要横游过海峡。”despite在此是介词，意为“尽管”，如： Despite a shortage of steel，industrial output has increased by five percent．尽管钢材供应不足，工业产量仍增长了5％。其他三项均不符合本意思。

12.D【句意】要不是这次洪水，这艘船就会准时到达目的地了。

【解析】would have reached是虚拟语气形式，根据句意，需填入表示虚拟条件的从句或类似结构，因此，选but for。but for意为“倘没有；要不是”，它与后面的名词所构成的结构的作用相当于虚拟条件状语从句，例如： But for（Had it not been for）your help，we should not have finished in time．要不是你帮忙，我们不会及时完工。in case of 意为“假如；如果发生，防备”，例如； In case of fire，walk quietly to the nearest door．如发生火灾，要镇静地走向最近的门口。in spite of 意为“虽然，不顾，尽管……仍……”，例如：In spite of all his efforts he failed．他虽然做了各种努力，仍然失败了, because of意为“因为”，例如：I said nothing about it，because of his wife's being there．因为他的妻子在那里，我对这事一字未提。

13.A【句意】图书馆和书店都没有我需要的书。你能告诉我在那能够买得到吗？

【解析】“neither…nor…”和“either…or…”均为固定搭配，连接两个相等的成分。因此B和D应该排除。“either…or…”连接两个相等的成分时，意为“或者……，或者……”，两者必具其一。根据第二句话，我们知道在the library和 the bookstore均没有“我”所需要的书，故C也应排除．因此只有A是正确答案．

14.B【句意】一看到警察，人们四散跑去了。

【解析】at（the）sight of的意思是“一看见……就”，如： She wept at the sight of his distress． 一宕见他那痛苦的样子她就流泪了。in sight或within sight意为“看得见，迫近”，如：Peace is now in sight.和平在望。in the sight of意为“从……观点来看，在……看来”，如： He was punishable in the sight of law．从法律的角度来看他该受罚。

15.D【句意】考虑到墙的面积，我们认为我们需要三罐油漆。

【解析】size up意为“判断，估量”，如： They sized him up with a look．他们一眼就看出他是什么样的人了make up意为“构成，化妆”，如： A car is made up of many different parts．汽车由许多不同的部件组成。do up意为“扎，捆”，如： You should do up the parcel．你应把这个包裹捆上． put up意为“举起，建造”，如： put your hands up举起手来。

16.C【句意】总的来说，美国早期的城市规划是不错的。

【解析】on the whole是固定搭配，意为“从整体来看，大体上”，如： On the whole，the performance was a success.从整体来看，演出是成功的。

17.C【句意】这些天的天气是多好啊。

【解析】weather是不可数名词，所以 A可以排除。how引导感叹句时后面一般用形容词或副词，而what引导感叹句时应一般用名词（包括不可数名词），据此D也可以排除。weather为复数时一般指“处境，境遇”，故B也不合适。由此可见只有C是正确答案。（可参见薄冰的《英语语法》P.496上的例句：What delightful weather we are having!这天气多好呀！）

18.B【句意】既然我们上完了课程，我们就要开始做更多的修改工作。

【解析】根据句子结构我们可以看出，这里需要一个关联词来引导出一个状语从句。since或now that或now可以用来引导原因状语从句，从句内容是一个既定的事实，例如： Now that you will come here，I needn't go there．既然你要来，我就没必要到那儿去了。ever since后既可跟名词也可跟从句，表示“自从……以来”。如用在此处，则不合乎逻辑，例如：He has not written any letters to her ever since he was ill．自从他生病以来，他从未给她写过信。by now只能作状语，不能引导从句，意为“到目前为止”，例如： She ought to have arrived at her office by now．她现在本该到办公室了．虽然for可以引导表示原因的分句，但该分句要位于第一个分句之后，例如： I don't like him，for he always makes empty promises．我不喜欢他，因为他总是作一些空头许诺．

19.B【句意】她以来就开始抱怨。

【解析】句型“hardly（scarcely）…when”和“no sooner…than”表示“一……就”，例如：No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey．他刚到家就被要求做另一次旅行。Hardly had she agreed to marry him when she began to have serious doubts．她刚同意同他结婚，就开始产生严重的疑虑。Scarcely had he entered the room when the phone rang．他一进房间电话就响了。因此，B正确而C错误。由于主句谓语动词arrive要先于从句谓语动词start，因此从句使用一般过去时时，主句只能使用过去完成时，所以，D错误。not until或“not…until”意为“直到……才”，用来引导时间状语从句，例如： Not until midnight did they find their lost child．直到深夜他们才找到走失的孩子。根据句子结构，not until he arrived若用在这里，整个句子就没有主句了，犯了结构不完整的错误，因此，A也不是正确答案。

20.A【句意】他不可能来。

【解析】“There is no doing sth.…”或“There is not any doing sth.…”相当于 “It is impossible to do sth.…”，意为“做……是不可能的”，如：There is no knowing when he would be back．无法知道他什么时候回来．又如：There is not any telling what became of her．她出什么事了，无可奉告。

21.A【句意】和整个地球相比，世界上最高的山也不算高。

【解析】由于句子主语the highest mountain与动词compare是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此这里不能使用现在分词作状语，故D错误。有的学生认为可以将动词原形 compare用于祈使句，但是由于compare是及物动词，其后要跟宾语，而且由于在同一个句号前不可以出现两个既不是并列关系，也不是从属关系的句子，故B不是正确答案。when和while等连词引导时间状语从句时，当从句主语和主句主语一致，而且从句动词是be的形式时，可以将从句的主语和be的变化形式省略，A和C都符合这一规定，但是由于 compare和被省略掉的主语the highest mountain是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处只能使用过去分词，例如：When deeply absorbed in what he was reading，which he often was，he forgot all other things.他常常聚精会神地读书,这时他就会把其他一切事情全忘掉。

22.B 【句意】我一知道发生了什么事，我就给你打电话。

【解析】as soon as引导时间状语从句时，从句中通常用一般时替代将来时，主句则用将来时。据此，可以排除 C。be going to do sth.虽也表示将来，但侧重“打算做某事，安排好做某事”，故D也应予以排除。A中的 does happen强调谓语，此处不合题意。B中的has happened强调某种结果，符合题意，因此B为正确答案。

23.C【句意】你需要的就是休息。

【解析】anything常用于疑问句和否定句。虽然something可用于肯定句中，但表示“某事，某物”之意。all在现代英语中可以作一个句子的主语、宾语或补语，但后面需接一个定语从句．在这种情况下，all可能有两个含义：一个相当于everything，另一个相当于the only thing（s）。根据句子结构，此处all作第二层意思讲。因此C为正确答案，A，B和D均不正确。

24.D【句意】尽管你的意见值得考虑，委员会认为它不值得重视。【解析】as可用来引导时间状语从句、方式状语从句和让步状语从句，分别意为“当……时候，随着……”，“正如”，“虽然，尽管”，该词引导让步状语从句时，从句要位于主句前，而且从句内容要倒装，例如：Successful as he is，he is not proud．他虽然成功了，却不骄傲。provided用来引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，例如：I will lend you my book provided that you keep it clean．只要不把书搞脏，我会把书借给你．since t用来引导时间状语从句和原因状语从句，意为“自从；因为”，例如： He has written once since he left．他自去后曾来过一封信。连词while不但可以引导时间状语从句，而且还可以引导让步状语从句，作“尽管”讲，例如：English and French are living languages while Latin is dead．英语和法语是现在都有人说的语言，而拉丁语现在却没有人说了。

25.B【句意】考虑到你在学校里的成绩是如此之差，我们认为你应当努力学习。

【解析】in view of意为“考虑到，鉴于”，如：In view of his youth，the police have decided not to continue with the case against him．念在他年轻，警方决定不对他起诉．而in spite of作“尽管，不顾”讲，如： I went out in spite of the rain．尽管下雨，我仍然外出。in charge of意为“主管，掌管”，如。She is in charge of the work now.她目前掌管这一工作。in case of意为“假使，如果发生”，如： In case of fire，ring the alarm bell.万一有火情，请按警铃。

26.A【句意】其他条件相同的情况下，表达流畅的人要比语言能力差的人更容易成功。

【解析】从句子结构可以看出，本句的前面部分是表示条件的状语，other things being equal是一个分独立结构，可以作条件状语，如： Other things being equal，a shorter statement is preferred．其他条件相同的情况下，优先选用较短的陈述。除在极个别的情况下，分词作状语时，应与句子的主语存在一定的逻辑关系（主谓或动宾关系），否则该分词就应该有自己的逻辑主语或逻辑宾语，来构成“名词或代词 + 分词”结构，即独立分词结构，独立分词结构一般可置于句首，也可置于句末，用来表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随情况等，如：The experiment being over，the students began their discussion．做完实验，学生们开始讨论。Silver is the best conductor，copper following behind．银是最好的导体，铜次之。Were other things equal是虚拟语气条件从句，而后面的句子是陈述语气，To be equal to other things是不定式，可以作目的状语，但不能作条件状语，Other things to be equal这样的结构不存在，因此，正确答案是A。

27.D【句意】尽管他喜欢她，但他不能爱她。

【解析】though，although和as均可引导让步状语从句，作“即使，尽管”讲，as引导的让步状语从句必须使用倒装语序．如： Complex as is the orbit of the moon, it is possible to predict unerringly eclipses many years in advance of their occurrence．尽管月球的运行轨道很复杂，但是人们仍然能提前许多年准确无误地预报日（月）食。因此，A不对。although从句必须使用正常语序，所以 C不对。though既可用倒袋，也可用正常语序，故 D正确。尽管 B采用了倒装，但是 much放的位置不对，故也不是正确答案。

28.C【句意】喝过咖啡，Henry洗了被子放了起来。

【解析】after是介词，后需接动名词，而drunk是过去分词，因此D错误。英语中没有 have drinking sth．这一说法，所以 A也错误。B的结构虽然正确，但现在分词一般时作时间状语时，一般表示该动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，因此B不合题意。C使用现在分词的完成时，表示该动作在主句谓语动词表示的动作以前发生，如：Having failed to qualify as a doctor，I took up teaching．我由于没能取得当医生的资格，便从事了教学工作．所以C为正确答案。

29.B【句意】不管是贫是福，我都会爱他。

【解析】be he rich or poor是让步状语从句，相当于whether he is rich or poor，如：All magnets behave the same, be they large or small.磁铁无论大小作用都是一样的。30.A【句意】尽管年纪还小，这个小女孩能够帮她母亲做些家务。

【解析】as可以引导让步状语从句时，可以把形容词、副词和名词提前，当名词提前时，不加冠词。语法词汇综合练习三 赵文通

1._______, the story of Snow White appeals to many adult readers, too.A.Though it written for children

B.Though written for children

C.Though for children written

D.It was written for children

2._______, work songs often exhibit the song culture of a people in a fundamental form.A.They occur where they are

B.Wherever they occur

C.Occurring where

D.Where do they occur

3.“A man was slightly injured in an accident.” This tells us that his injury was _______.A.deadly

C.fatal

B.very serious D.not serious

4.“Do you know Canada?” “No, _______ there.”

A.I've never been

C.I've never gone me?“

A.to go

B.have go D.going

B.line D.road

B.follow D.keep

B.see D.provide

B.Neither am I D.I'm not, too

C.have gone

A.path

C.way

A.agree

C.make

A.show

B.I'd never been D.I'd never gone

5.”Does anybody want an extra ticket to go to the movies? “"Who would you rather _______ with you.George or 6.”Have you a table for two?“ I asked.The waiter replied, ”This _______, please.“

7.”Here is the money I promised, “ he said, ”I always _______ my promise.“

8.”I'd like you to _______ me some clothes.“ said the customer.C.explain

9.”I'm not going to buy the book.“ ”___________.It's too expensive.“

A.I don't either

C.So am I

10.”John isn't here now.“ ”_______ left by the back door?“

A.Must he have

C.Had he

B.Might he have

D.Should he have

B.isn't going 11.”Michael left for California this morning.“ ”Oh, I thought he _______until next week.“

A.hadn't been going

C.won't be going

D.wasn't going

B.slavery to 12.”Not until science became prominent _______ be abolished“, some people argue.A.did slavery come to

C.had slavery come to

A.like

C.for

D.that slavery came to

B.as D.with

B.it began D.it has begun

B.over D.under

B.scheme 13.”To say is one thing, and to do is another.“ _______ the old saying goes.14.” We're late.The play has started.“ ”I wonder how long ago _________.“

A.did it begin

C.was it beginning

A.on

C.at

15.”Where can I find Jim?“ ”He is _______ his work.He won't leave the lab until 6:00 p.m."

16.A _______ of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval.A.shorthand

C.schedule

A.rise

C.raise

D.sketch

B.arise

D.arouse

B.to translate 17.A completely new situation will _______ when the examination system comes into existence.18.A Dream of the Red Chamber is said _______ into dozens of languages in the last decade.A.to have been translated

C.to be translated

D.to have translated

B.must be arranged

D.would be arranged

B.if

19.It’s urgent that a meeting _____ before the final decision is made.A.will be arranged

C.be arranged

A.whether

C.that

A.was

C.is

20.No one doubts _____ it is true.D.what B.were

D.are 21.A good many houses _______ knocked down by the earthquake.22.A good teacher must know how to _______ his ideas.A.convey

C.consult

A.by

C.from

B.display D.confront

B.with D.about 23.A good teacher should not confront his pupils _______ too much information in one lesson.24.A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is _______ conditions or events.A.in response to

C.in contrast to

A.take over

C.hold on happened.A.before

C.since

B.until D.when

B.in favor of D.in excess of

B.result in

D.keep to 25.A love marriage, however, does not necessarily _______ much sharing of interests and responsibilities.26.A man escaped from the prison last night.It was a long time _______ the guards discovered what had 27.A man has to make _______ for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.A.supply

C.provision

B.assurance D.adjustment

B.request D.response

B.having worked out D.to have been worked out

B.a good intention D.good imagination 28.A neat letter improves your chances of a favorable _______.A.circumstance

C.reception

A.working out 29.A new technique _______, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.C.having been worked out

A.a good brain

C.good judgement

1.B【句意】尽管是为小孩写的，但白雪公主的故事对许多成年人同样具有吸引力。

【解析】though可以引导让步状语从句，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，而且从句的谓语动词是be的形式时，可将从句的主语和be的形式省略，如： Though born in Chicago，the writer wrote many stories about New York City．那位作家虽然生在芝加哥，却写了许多关于纽约的小说。因此B为正确答案。A中没有省略主语it，因而错误。C中过去分词短语后置，D中缺少从属连词，所以C和D也错误。2.B【句意】不论在什么地方，劳动号子以最基本的形式表现了这个民族的文化。

【解析】wherever用作连接副词，意为“无论在哪里”，引导一个让步状语从句，如：Wherever you go，you will always find the same thing．不论你走到哪里，你总会发现同样的事情。由此可见，B既符合语法又符合题意，为正确答案。A为一个分句，和下文之间缺少连接词，故不正确。C为现在分词短语，其中where后没接任何成分，不合语法，也不正确。D为一特殊疑问句，不符合整个句子结构，也应排除。3.D【句意】“有人在车祸中受了轻伤”，这说明受的伤是什么样的？

【解析】deadly意为“致命的，（可能）致死的”，如：Fog is one of the sailor's deadliest enemies．雾是水手的死敌之一。serious意为“严重的”，如： His illness is nothing serious．他的病一点也不严重。fatal意为“致命的，悲惨的”，如： They cyclist was knocked down by a lorry and received fatal injuries．那个骑自行车的人被卡车撞成重伤。原题中slightly意为“轻微地，不严重地”，据此可以看出正确答案应为D。4.A【句意】“你了解加拿大吗？”“不了解，我从来没有去过那里。”

【解析】过去完成时需有过去时间作参照，以表示出“过去的过去”这么一个概念，如： The train had left when I got to the station．我到达车站时，火车已经开走了。因此B和 D均不合适。have been to someplace和 have gone to someplace的区别在于：前者说明“去过某地，现在已不在那里了”；后者说明“已经去了某地，现在在那里或在去那里的路上，不在这里”。很显然，C有悖常识。故只能选A。5.B【句意】“还有人需要票去看看电影吗？”“你希望谁去？你、乔治还是我？”

【解析】我们首先将第二个句子改写为正常语序的句子： You would rather have whom go with you, George or me？我们就不难看出 go是省略了to的不定式，作宾语whom的补足语。6.C【句意】“还有双人桌吗？”我问道。服务员答道“这边清。”

【解析】“This way，please．”是用来给别人引路时的专门用语，意为“请这边走”。path，line和 road皆无此用法。

7.D 【句意】“这就是我答应给你的钱”，他说道，“我一直遵守诺言。”

【解析】agree一般为不及物动词，意为“同意，赞同”，常用于词组 agree with sb．或agree to a plan（suggestion），如：I don't agree with what you said．我不同意你的话。follow意为“听从，遵循，领会”，如： I regret not having followed your advice．我后悔没有听你的劝告。make a promise是固定搭配，意为“许诺”，如： He made a promise that he would come to help me with physics．他答应要来帮我学物理。而

30.A person who makes wise decisions has _______.keep a promise是“信守诺言”，如： One should keep his promise．人应该信守诺言。由此可见D为正确答案。

8.A【句意】“我希望你给我看些衣服。”这位顾客说道。

【解析】Show sb.sth.是固定搭配，意为“给某人看某物”, 如： Will you kindly show us that coat over there？请把那儿的上衣拿给我们看看好吗？see后面不能接双宾语，explain常用于explain sth．to sb．结构中，如: The teacher explained the text in detail to the students．老师详细地给学生讲解课文。provide用于provide sb．with sth．结构中，如：The Red Cross provides the orphans with food and clothes．红十字会给孤儿们提供衣食。

9.B【句意】“我不会去买那本书。”“我也不去，这本书太贵了。”

【解析】so和neither放在句首、且句子主谓倒装时，可以表示前一种情况也适合于后者，so用于肯定的情况，而neither则用于否定的情况。所以B正确而C错误．A不合适，因为A中的助动词和前面句子中的助动词不同。D也不正确，因为too作“也”讲时，一般用在肯定句中，而不用于否定句中。10.B【句意】“约翰现在不在这里，它可能从后门走了吗？”

【解析】句型 might have done表示对过去发生的可能性很小的推断，例如。A word of encouragement might have made me respect instead of hate him．一句鼓励的话或许就会使我尊敬他不是仇视他了。句型must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推断，意为“一定，想必”，例如： He must have forgotten to wind the clock last night，didn't he？ 他昨晚准是忘记给表上弦了，不是吗？句型should have done表示“过去应该做但未做”，这是虚拟语气的一种特殊表达方式，例如：You should have snatched a free moment for writing a letter．你本应抽空写封信。

11.D【句意】“Michael今天早晨去了加利福尼亚。”“我以为他下周才来。”

【解析】英语中有些动词，如 go，arrive，get，come，leave，have等，可用其过去进行时来表示过去将来的动作，如： He said that he was arriving in ten minutes。他说 10分钟后就会赶到的。A为过去完成进行时，不符合题意，B和C的时态搭配错误，因而只有D是正确答案。12.A【句意】“直到科学变得重要起来，奴隶制度才被推翻。”有人说到。

【解析】如果选B，则主句中没有谓语动词；如选D，则会有两个从句，而没有主句，因此B和D都错误。如果选择A或C，直接引语部分构成一个主从复合句，根据句意，主句表示的动作发生在从句之后，因此，主句中的谓语动词也应使用一般过去时。例如： The greedy old woman ate and ate until she was full up．这个贪婪的老太婆不停地 吃，一直吃到很饱为止。另外，需要注意的是，当否定词或含有否定意义的词组位于句首作状语时，主谓颠倒。常见的否定词和具有否定意义的词组有：at no time, by no means, few, hardly in neither case, in no case, in no time, in no way, in vain, little, neither, never, no more, no sooner，nor，not，not once，not only，not until，on no account，rarely，scarcely，seldom，still less，under no condition，under no circumstances等，例如： Never in my life have l seen such a wonderful place.我一生中从来没见过如此美丽的地方。Not only was Churchill a statesman，but also a great writer。丘吉尔不但是一位政治家，而且也是一位伟大的作家。

13.B【句意】正如谚语所说，“说说是一码事，做起来又是一码事”。

【解析】as可作连词，引导方式状语从句，意为“正如„„，如同„„”，如： As luck would have it，I caught the last bus．幸运的是，我赶上了末班车。根据句子结构，这里需要一个连词引导从句，故A和D错误。for是并列连词，连接并列分句，用在此处也不会题意。

14.B【句意】“我们来晚了。戏剧已经开始了。我不知道是什么时候开始的。”

【解析】在这里关系副词短语how long ago引导的是一个宾语从句，因此从句中主谓不倒装。另外，在由“„ago”短语作状语的句子中，谓语动词一般要使用一般过去时，所以B是惟一正确答案。15.C【句意】“在哪可以找到Jim？”“他正忙着工作，直到下午六点钟才离开实验室。”

【解析】be at sth．是固定搭配，相当于 be busy with sth．或 be engaged in sth.，有“忙于„„”的意思。16.D 【句意】预算委员会所作报告的概要被送交市长等待审批。【解析】sketch意为“略述，纲要”，如： The speaker amused us with a sketch of city life in the 1890’s，讲演者给我们略述了19世纪90年代都市生活的概况，听起来很有意思。shorthand作“速记”讲，如：the secretary made shorthand notes．这位秘书作了速记。scheme意为“计划，方案”，如：He has contrived a scheme for the term's work.他已拟定了这个学期的工作计划．schedule作“日程表，时刻表，进度表”讲，如：Has he made the examination schedule yet？他把考试日程安排好了没有？ 17.B 【句意】一种新的考试制度出现时，一种崭新的情况就会出现。

【解析】arise本意“起来，起身，升起”，作“出现，产生，发生”的意思讲时常用于抽象事物，如： The audience arose and remained standing．观众起身站着。rise意为“升起，上升，增高”，如： As the wind rose to eighty miles an hour，tree after tree crashed down．当风速升到每小时 80英里时，树一棵棵地倒了下来。raise意为“举起，增加，引起”，如：The scientists are developing a new machine to raise labor efficiency．科学家们正在研制一种新机器以提高劳动效率。arouse意为“唤醒，引起，激起”，是及物动词，后面一般限一个抽象名词作宾语，如：Chopin aroused very complicated emotions in her．肖邦的作品在她心中激起了异常复杂的感情。

18.A【句意】《红楼梦》据说在过去的十年中被翻译成了数十种语言。

【解析】本题旨在考查不定式的时态和语态。不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生，如； He is said to have written a new book about workers．据说他又写了一本关于工人的书。当不定式的逻辑主语为该不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式要用被动语态，如： It is an honor for me to be asked to make a speech here．我很荣幸应邀在这里演讲。根据句意我们知道，本句中的不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生，又因为句子的主语与该不定式具有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用不定式的完成式，故A正确。C的时态不符合题意，D忽略了主语和不定式之间的逻辑关系，而B既不符合时态，又忽略了主语和不定式之间的逻辑关系、由此可见，B，C和D都不是正确答案。19.A【句意】在做出决定之前，我们急需要安排一次会议。

【解析】考察主语从句中虚拟语气的应用。当表语为important, urgent等形容词时，主语从句使用虚拟语气，形式为（should）+动词原形。20.C 【句意】没有人怀疑这是真的。

【解析】I doubt whether/if…我怀疑。I don’t doubt that …我毫不怀疑。又如：I doubt whether he can speak English.我怀疑他是否会说英语。21.B【句意】许多房子在地震中倒塌了。

【解析】a good many意为“相当多，很多”，后面要跟复数名词，谓语动词也应是复数形式，并且本句所讲述的是过去发生的动作，所以应用过去时。

22.A【句意】优秀的教师必须知道如何表达自己的思想。

【解析】convey此处意为“传达”，如：This picture will convey to you some idea of the beauty of the scenery．这幅画将把那里秀丽的风景向你传达一二。display则意为“展示，表现”，如： Our soldiers displayed no rear under the enemy's fire．我们的战士在敌人的炮火下毫无惧色。consult作“请教，咨询，查阅”讲，如：Have you consulted your doctor about your illness？你有没有看过医生？confront意为“面临，遭遇”，如: The soldiers were confronted by two terrorists as they left their camp．士兵们离开营房时碰到两个恐怖分子。23.B【句意】优秀的教师不应当在一堂课里面给学生灌输太多的知识。

【解析】confront with是一个固定搭配，意为“使„„面临，使„„面对”，如：The new system was confronted with great difficulties at the start．新制度开始时进到很大困难。

24.A【句意】大部分人类的活动，特别是和环境相联系的活动都是特定条件和特定事件的反映。【解析】in response to意为“响应，反应，回答”，如： He opened the door in response to a knock．听到敲门声，他去开门。in favor of作“赞成，支持”讲，如： Are you in favor of early marriage？你赞成早婚吗？ in contrast to意为“与„„相反。与„„相对照”。如： In contrast to your belief that we shall fail，Iknow we shall succeed．你认为我们会失败，正好相反，我知道我们会成功。in excess of作“多于，超出”讲，如：He advised his son never to spend in excess of his income．他劝儿子绝对不可以入不敷出。25.B【句意】美满的婚姻并不一定能够带来共同的兴趣和责任。

【解析】result in意为“结果，导致”，如： These safety measures will result in the reduction of work accidents．这些安全措施将减少工伤事故。take over意为“接受，接管”，如： He told the assistant to takeover for him during his absence．他要助手在他不在时接替他的工作。hold on意为“紧握，等一会”，如： Hold on a minute till I put on my coat．等一下，我穿上大衣。keep to意为“遵守，坚持”，如： we must keep to the style of hard struggle and plain living．我们必须保持艰苦奋斗的作风。由此可见B最符合题意。26.A【句意】昨晚有人越狱，好长时间后，狱警才知道发生了什么事。

【解析】“It's„ before”句型表示“（„„之后）才„„”之意，如： It was several weeks before I got a decent night's rest．几星期以后我才得以好好地睡了一夜。故A符合题意。until意为“直到„„为止”，在否定句中多译为“直到„„才”，该词一般不用在“it is„until”（肯定）句型中, 如： They talked on until one o'clock In the morning．他们一直谈到凌晨一点钟。“It is（has been）„ since”句型表示“自„„以来已有„„时间了”，例如： It has been only twenty five years since television came to control American free time．电视开始主宰美国人的空闲时间，至今也不过才25年。when通常表示“在„„ 时”，用在本题不符合题意。

27.C 【句意】人必须为他的老年做准备，预备足够的钱以备年老时用。

【解析】provision意为“准备，预备”，如：They spent all their money and made no provision for the future．他们把钱都用光了，未留日后需用。assurance意为“保证”，如：He gave me his assurance that he would come．他向我保证他会来的。supply作“储备．供应”讲，常与介词of连用，如： we have a good supply of water here．我们这里的水供应充足。adjustment意为“调整，调节”，如： He is making some adjustments to his plan．他正调整他的计划。

28.D【句意】一封漂亮的信可以提高回信的机率。

【解析】response意为“回答，答复”，符合题合，如：My letter of inquiry brought no response．我的询问信始终未得到回音。circumstance常用复数，意为“情形，环境，状况”，如： Don’judge the crime until you know the circumstances．在你未了解一切情况之前，勿对罪行下判断。request作“请求，要求”讲，如：The professor gave us a lecture at our request．应我们的要求，教授给我们讲了一课。reception意为“接待，招待会”，如: We have a special room for the reception of patients.我们为病人设了专门的接待室。29.C【句意】新技术的使用使得去年的产量增加了百分之二十。

【解析】根据句子结构，我们可以看出这里应使用独立分词结构。故D错误。由于动词work out和a new technique是逻辑动宾关系，故此处只能使用过去分词的独立结构或使用被动语态的现在分词独立结构，例如： Machines having been used，People do more work with less energy.由于使用了机器，人们就能用较少的力气，干较多的工作。

30.C【句意】一个做出明智决定的人一定有很强的判断力。

【解析】a good brain意为“很聪明”，如：He has such a good brain that he is quick at learning anything．他很聪明，学什么都快。a good intention 意为“好的意图”，good imagination意思是“丰富的想像力”，而good judgement则用来表了“判断力强”，如： He is a man of good judgement．他是一个判断力很强的人。根据句子结构及题意可知C为正确答案。

第四篇：成人学位英语高频词汇范文

高 频 词

A

1、abandon vt.放弃，遗弃

He abandoned a career that could have led to his becoming one of the most influential people in the world.他放弃了一份可以使他成为世界上最有影响力的人之一的工作。

2、ability n.能力，智能，才能

The ability to hear clearly is very important for any speaker.能听清楚对任何演说者都是非常重要的。

3、able a.有能力的，能干的

You will not able to pass the examination unless you work harder than you do now.除非你比现在学得更刻苦，否则你通不过这次考试了。

4、above prep.在…之上，高于 ad.在上面a.上述的，上面的 Above all，the real poet is a master of words.真正的诗人首先是一位语言大师。

5、absolutely ad.完全地，绝对地

The doctor will not perform the operation unless it is absolutely necessary.除非迫不得已，这位医生是不会做这个手术的。

6、accept v.接受，认可； 同意，承认

I’ve received a gift from him，but I’m not going to accept it.我收到了他送的礼物，但是我不准备接受。

7、accomplish vt.完成

If they try hard to do something and fail，they may conclude that they will never be able to accomplish a particular task.如果他们尽力去做还失败的话，他们就会断定自己永远完成不了某个特定任务。

8、according to 按照，根据

You should learn to act according to circumstances.你应该学会随机应变。

9、account n.账目，账户 v.说明，解释

on ～ of 因为，由于 Yesterday Mr.Smith gave a vivid account of his recent visit to China.昨天，史密斯先生生动地讲述了他近期访问中国的情况。

Richard Dienabier，Psychology（心理学）professor at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln，believes that society’s attitudes account for much of the increase in cheating.林肯内布拉斯加大学的心理学教授理查德认为，社会态度在很大程度上是欺诈增加的原因。

10、accurate a.准确的，精确的

The news passed by word of mouth and was never accurate.口头传递的消息向来不准确。

11、achieve v.完成； 达到，达成，获得

A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action.第五个层次可能会涉及那些只有通过社区活动才能实现的需求。

12、achievement n.成就，功绩

Flying across the Atlantic for the first time was a great achievement.首次飞越大西洋是一个伟大的成就。

13、acquaintance n.熟人，相识

I have some acquaintance with the Russian.我懂一点儿俄语。

14、acquire v.取得，获得； 学到

She has acquired a good variety of the pronunciation of this area.她已经掌握了这个地方的各种语音。

15、across prep.在…对面ad.横过，横断 We swam across the river.我们游到河对岸。

16、act v.起作用； 表演n.行为，动作；

（一）幕； 法令，条例 ～ on 按照…行事 Half of the children participated in the experimental study;the other half acted as the control group.一半儿童参加了实验研究;另一半参加了控制组。

17、action n.行为，动作 The government took actions.政府采取了行动。

18、active a.活动的;活跃的, 活泼的;敏捷的;主动的 Studies show that slim people are more active than fat people.研究表明，瘦人比胖人更加活跃。

19、activity n.活动

Too many extracurricular activities take up too much of our precious time for study.课外活动太多，占去了我们很多宝贵的学习时间。20、actor n.男演员 actress n.女演员

They are touched by the life stories of the actors and actresses.他们被男女演员的人生故事感动。

21、actually ad.实际上

Actually，the world’s birth rate is falling.实际上，世界人口出生率正在下降。

22、add vi.增加，增进vt.加，加上

When a fragrant flavor was added to the vitaminenriched fluid，the rats did seem to develop a taste for it and kept drinking it，even after the vitamins were switched to the clear water.当维他命浓缩液中加入香料时，老鼠似乎渐渐习惯了这种口味； 即使后来维生素被换成清水，它们也继续饮用。

23、address n.地址，通讯处 vt.致函，致辞； 写地址

Today，every American school child learns Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address by heart.今天，每个美国学龄儿童都能背诵林肯的葛底斯堡演说。

24、adjust v.调节，调整，校正

He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.他很快就适应了这个国家的炎热气候。

25、admit vt.承认； 允许进入，接纳 He never admits that he is wrong.他从不承认自己错了。

26、adopt vt.收养； 采用，采取，通过 By adopting a few simple techniques，parents who read to their children can greatly increase their children’s language development.通过一些简单的方法，父母读给孩子听能大大提高孩子的语言能力。

27、adult n.成人

The adults in the family like the front page，the editorial page，and the world news section.家里的大人们喜欢头版、社论版和世界新闻版。

28、advance vt.推进，促进 n.前进，进展 You ought to have told me in advance.你本该事先告诉我的。

29、advanced a.先进的，高级的

We should develop the advanced education by all means.我们应该想尽办法发展高等教育。30、advertisement n.广告

Advertisement aims to increase people’s awareness and arouse interest.广告的目的在于提高人们对产品的认知度并激发购买兴趣。

31、advice n.忠告，意见

Specialists’ advice is useful to help you choose the most suitable kind of dog.专家的意见能够帮助你选择最合适的狗。

32、affair n.事，事情，事务

The senator’s death was a tragic affair.参议员之死是个悲剧。

33、affection n.爱，慈爱； 感情； 影响

A dog is loyal to its master and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection.狗是忠于主人的，因此也希望主人表现出对它的喜爱。

34、afraid a.害怕的，怕的； 唯恐的，担心的I’m afraid she will feel hurt.恐怕她会感到受到了伤害。

35、against prep.对着，逆，反（对），违反； 紧靠着，倚在； 与…对照，对比 The picture looks better against the light wall.这幅画挂在浅色的墙上显得更美。

36、age n.年龄，时代v.变老

People of different ages may have different understanding.不同年龄的人会有不同的理解。

37、agent n.代理人，经办人 My agent has power to sign my name.我的代理人有权代我签字。

38、agree on（双方）同意，赞同 We agree on this point.在这一点上，我们的意见一致。

39、agriculture n.农业

The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of laborsaving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture.19世纪的农业革命包括两个方面： 省力机械的发明和农业科学的发展。

40、ahead ad.在前，提前

～ of 在…前面，先于

Our company is ahead of other makers of spare parts for the airplane.我们公司制造的飞机零部件比别家的好。

41、aim n.目的，目标vi.（at）目的在于，企图； 瞄准，对准 She aimed a pistol at the bandit pointblank.她用手枪直接瞄准强盗。

42、alive a.活着的，有活力的，活泼的

There are still a number of people alive today who can remember what “village life” meant.今天，仍然有不少活着的并且记得“乡村生活”意义的人。

43、all over 遍及，到处

Apart from supplying news from all over the world，newspapers give us a lot of other useful information.报纸除了提供给我们全世界的新闻以外，还提供给我们很多其他的有用信息。

44、allow vt.允许，承认 Smoking is not allowed here.此处不允许吸烟。

45、alone a.单独，独自，独一无二的ad.仅仅，只； 单独地，独自

Late that night，alone in his hotel room and tired out，he again worked briefly on the speech.那天深夜，他一个人待在宾馆的房间里，感到很疲惫，但还是简略地把演讲稿又修改了一下。

46、along prep.沿着ad.向前

Kids who have trouble getting along with their classmates can end up behind academically as well and have a higher chance of dropping out（退学）.不能与同学好好相处的孩子最后学习会很差并且退学的几率也很大。

Along with the letters there are answers written by people who are supposed to know how to solve such problems.与这些读者来信一起刊登的还有对这些问题的回答，它们是由那些被认为能够解决这些问题的人撰写的。

47、aloud ad.出声地，大声地 He read the poem aloud.他高声朗诵那首诗。

48、altogether ad.完全，全部地； 总共； 总之

But what about hair? It will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer.但是头发会怎样呢？随着时间的发展头发可能会从身上消失，因为它不再发挥作用。

49、among prep.在…之中，在…中间

He does，however，see less cheating among the youngest students.然而，他发现在这些最年轻的学生中作弊情况还是比较少的。50、amount n.数量，总额v.（to）合计，等于

Advertisement usually costs businesses large amounts of money.广告通常使企业花费巨资。

51、analyze（=analyse）v.分析，分解 The American is trained from childhood to question，analyze and search.美国人从小就被培养怀疑、分析和探索的能力。

52、ancient a.古代的，古老的

In ancient times，the most important examinations were spoken，not written.在古代，最重要的考试是口试而不是笔试。

53、angle n.角； 角度，观点

You should consider all angles of the question 你应该从各个角度考虑这个问题。

54、announce v.宣布，发表，通告； 报告…的来到 The captain announced that the plane was going to land.机长宣布飞机就要着陆了。

55、annual a.每年的，的n.年刊，年鉴

After four years of belownormal rainfall（in some cases only 10 percent of annual average），vast areas of France，Spain，Portugal，Belgium，Britain and Ireland are dry and barren（贫瘠）.连续四年低于正常降雨量（有时候只有年平均降雨量的10%），法国、西班牙、葡萄牙、比利时、英国和爱尔兰的大部分地区变得干旱、贫瘠。

56、anyway ad.无论如何

I have no idea about the holiday;anyway, I just want to rest.至于假期怎么过我没什么主意； 无论怎样，我只想休息。

57、anywhere ad.任何地方，无论哪里 Did you go anywhere yesterday? 你昨天去没去过什么地方？

58、apart ad.撇开； 分开，分离； 相距，相隔 Apart from a few words，I do not know any French at all.除了很少的几句话外，我对法语一无所知。

59、apologize（=apologise）v.道歉，认错 I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.我因踩了她的脚而向她道歉。

60、apparent a.（to）明显的，显而易见的； 表面的，貌似的 It was apparent that he knew nothing about how to repair cars.显然，他一点儿也不懂怎样修车。

61、application n.请求，申请（书，表）； 应用，运用； 施用，敷用

The application of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually increases efficiency.把新的科学发现运用到工业生产上，通常可以提高生产效率。62、approach v.靠近，接近n.方法，途径； 探讨

The income tax deadline approaches and some taxpayer’s thoughts turn to it.所得税的最后期限接近了，一些纳税人开始动脑筋了。63、appropriate a.适当的，恰如其分的

Schools fail to offer students appropriate vocational guidance.学校没能给学生提供适当的就业指导。64、approximate a.近似地，大约 The approximate time is three o’clock.大概的时间是三点钟。

65、argue v.争论，辩论； 主张，论证； 说服

They argue that under these circumstances，families would retain their same level of income，and women could run the house and raise children much better.他们认为在这种情况下，家庭能够保持同样的收入，妇女能够更好地持家和抚养孩子。66、argument n.争论，辩论； 论据，论点

There are many other arguments for and against television.支持还是反对电视，人们存在很多其他的争论。67、arouse v.唤醒，激起，引起

Her strange behavior aroused our suspicions.她不寻常的举动引起我们的猜疑。

68、arm n.（手）臂，臂状物； ［pl.］ ［总称］ 武器，武装v.武装，装备 On the other hand，we tend to make less use of our arms and legs.另一方面，我们往往没有充分利用我们的四肢。

69、around ad.到处，周围； 大约prep.在…周围，在…各地

What people eat and how much they eat seems to be greatly influenced by what is going on around them.人们吃什么、吃多少，极大地受到周边发生的事情的影响。70、arrange v.整理，布置，筹备 He arranged the books on the shelf.他把书架上的书整理了一下。

71、arrangement n.排列，安排

In a classic experiment，babies of 6 to 12 months old were placed in a cafeteria feeding arrangement，with a wide selection of baby food before them.在一个经典实验中，6至12月大的婴儿被安排在一个自助餐厅喂养，有各种各样的食物供他们选择。

72、arrest v./n.逮捕，扣留 The criminal was arrested yesterday.罪犯昨天被捕了。

73、arrival n.到来，到达； 到达的人或物 The arrival of the train was delayed.那列火车晚点了。

74、article n.文章，论文； 物品； 项目，条款 The woman first bought a few small articles.这个妇女先买了些小商品。

75、artificial a.人工的，人造的； 人为的，矫揉造作的 Farmers would use less artificial fertilizers.农民很少用人工肥料。

76、ashamed a.（of）羞耻，惭愧，害臊 And，if he can’t make things work out right，he doesn’t feel ashamed that he failed;he just tries to learn from his mistakes.如果他没法完成工作，他也不会为自己的失败感到羞愧； 他只是努力从失败中吸取教训。77、aside ad.在旁边，到旁边

Joking aside，we really must do something.说笑归说笑，我们真得做点事了。78、ask for 请求，要求

We shall ask for samples to be sent and then we can make our decision.我们可以要求他们送一些样品，然后就可以做出决定了。79、assume v.假装； 假定，设想； 采取，承担，呈现

Five hundred years is a relatively short period of time，so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller.五百年是一个相对比较短的时间，因此我们可以假设人类会越来越高。80、assure v.使确信，使放心； 保证，担保 I can assure you of the reliability of the news.我可以向你保证这条消息是可靠的。81、as well 同样地

It will be as well to stop that young screamer.但最好还是让那个大哭大叫的孩子住声。82、atmosphere n.大气（层）； 空气； 气氛，环境

We went to a restaurant with an Old World atmosphere.我们去了一个充满东半球风情的小饭馆。83、attack v./n.攻击，进攻，抨击 Drought attacked Europe.干旱袭击了欧洲。

84、attainable a.可到达的，可得到的

The fifth level will become attainable before the government takes actions.在政府采取行动之前，第五个层次就能达到。85、attention n.注意（力），留心； 立正

pay ～ to 注意 The crowd of 15，000 people at first paid little attention to him.15000名观众一开始没怎么注意他。

86、attitude n.（to，towards）态度，看法； 姿势

What is the Municipal Authority’s attitude to the proposal of a tunnel across the river? 市政当局对这个过江隧道的提案有什么看法? 87、attract v.吸引； 引诱； 引起（注意等）

In a place west of Marseilles，the French government is killing mosquitoes and building six big vacation places to attract nearly a million tourists.法国政府在马赛西部通过灭蚊和建造六座大型旅游景点来吸引上百万的游客。88、attraction n.吸引； 吸引力； 吸引人的事物

The attraction of the play is so great that many people want to see it.这个戏剧如此吸引人，许多人都想看。89、attractive a.吸引人的，有魅力的

Perhaps all this gives the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at.或许所有这些都说明，未来的人类看起来将不是一个非常有魅力的物种。90、audience n.听众，观众，读者； 谒见，会见

Professor Smith is always very sensitive to the reaction of the audience when he gives lectures.史密斯教授在做演讲时，对观众的反应总是很敏感。91、author n.作者； 创始人 Which of the following is most unlikely for the author to do? 下列哪项是作者最不愿意做的？ 92、auto /automobile n.汽车

Then a third level appeared.It included such items as automobiles and new houses.接着第三个层次的需求出现了，它包含像汽车和新房子这样的东西。93、average n.平均（数）a.通常的，一般的v.平均，均分

Now，on average，men are about three inches taller.现在人类平均高了三英寸。94、aware a.（of）知道的，意识到的 They are not aware of their own potential.他们没有意识到自己的潜能。

95、awful a.糟糕的； 威严的，可怕的 That’s an awful book.那是一本很糟糕的书。96、awkward a.尴尬的

Aunt Lena came to visit us at an awkward time.丽娜大婶在我们很不方便的时候来了。

B

97、back and forth 来回，往返，来来往往地

Someone was pacing back and forth behind the curtain.有人在幕布后踱来踱去。

98、background n.背景，经历

This is a photo of Mary with our house in the background.这是玛丽的照片，背景是我家的房子。99、badly ad.坏； 严重地，厉害地

Cheating tends to occur when one wants something badly.当一个人非常想要某样东西的时候就可能运用欺骗的手段。100、bare a.赤裸的，光秃的，空的； 仅有的 Don’t walk on that broken glass with bare feet.不要光着脚走在那些碎玻璃上。101、barrel n.桶； 枪管，炮管

He emptied out the water barrel to clear it of sediment.他把水桶倒空以清掉桶底的沉淀物。

102、base n.基础，底部； 基地，根据地 This film is based on a novel by D.H.Lawrence.这部影片是根据D.H.劳伦斯的小说改编的。103、basic a.基本的，基础的

The first and most basic level of needs involves food.第一层次，也是最基本层次的需求是食物。104、basis n.基础，根据

On the basis of our sales forecasts，we may begin to make a profit next year.基于我们销售情况的预测，明年将开始赚钱。105、battle n.战役，战斗； 斗争v.战斗，斗争，搏斗 His brave deeds in the battle earned him everlasting glory.他在那场战斗中的英勇事迹为他赢得了永恒的荣誉。106、bear n.熊v.忍受，容忍； 负担； 生（子女）

Women are allowed to take leave from their jobs during their childbearing years.妇女在分娩期间可以向工作单位请假。

107、beat n.敲打，节拍； 跳动 v.敲； 打败

Your heart beats more slowly，and your brain slows down.你心跳慢了，大脑反应也慢了。108、beautiful a.美（好）的

They are in a dream world where things often appear to be more romantic and beautiful than in real life.他们在一个比现实生活更浪漫、更美丽的梦境里。109、beg v.乞求； 请求，恳求

He could not beg a favor of so great a man.他不能向一个如此伟大的人求助。

110、beginning n.开端，开始

At the beginning of the study，the children did not differ in measures of language development.在学习初期，孩子们在语言发展方法方面没有什么不同。111、behave v.举止，举动，表现； 运转

Sports and games can help children know better how to behave properly in their future life.运动和游戏可以帮助孩子更好地了解在将来的生活中如何做到行为得体。112、behavio（u）r n.行为，举止；（机器的）特性 The price condition has an influence on consumer behavior.价格状况对消费者的行为有影响。

113、below prep.在…下面，在…以下ad.在下面，向下 Such petty behavior is below me.如此卑劣的行为有失我的身份。

114、benefit n.利益，好处，恩惠v.有益于；（from，by）受益 A fiveday week benefits more than individually and economically.五天工作制不仅仅对国家经济和个人有好处。

115、billion mum./n.〈美〉 十亿，〈英〉 万亿 In 1820，world population reached 1 billion.1820年，世界人口达到10亿。

116、bind v.捆，绑，包扎，束缚

Bind the gangster to the seat with rope lest he should escape.用绳子把匪徒绑在座位上以免他逃跑。117、bite v./n.咬，叮n.一口

It must be trained so that it won’t bite.我们必须训练它以使它不咬人。

118、bitter a.（有）苦（味）的； 痛苦的，厉害的 Defeat in the election was a bitter pill for him to swallow.在选举中失败是他难以下咽的苦果。

119、blame（on）v.责备； 怪，怨n.责任，过错 The mother didn’t know who to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.由于玻璃是在妈妈外出时被打碎的，因此她不知道该去批评谁。120、bloom n.花（朵）； 开花（期）v.开花 These flowers bloom in the spring.这些花在春天开放。

121、boil v.（使）沸腾，煮（沸）

The heat that is produced by burning garbage is used to boil water.燃烧垃圾产生的热量可以用来烧开水。122、bomb n.炸弹v.轰炸 The airforce bombed two towns.空军轰炸了两个城镇。

123、bother v.打扰，烦扰； 烦恼，操心n.麻烦

They never bother to think whether they are suited for the job or，even more important，whether the job suits them.他们从不费心去想他们是否适合这份工作，或者更重要的是这份工作是否适合他们。124、bound v./n.跳（跃）a.一定的It’s bound to rain soon.不久就会下雨的。

125、brain n.（大）脑； 骨髓； ［pl.］ 脑力，智能 In the modern world we use our brains a great deal.在现代社会我们用脑比较多。126、bread n.面包

Having a job is more than merely providing yourself and your dependants with daily bread and some money for leisure and entertainment.拥有一份工作并不仅仅意味着提供给你和家人食物以及娱乐休闲的钱财。127、breathe v.呼吸，吸入

If you have trouble falling asleep，some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply.如果你睡眠困难，有人建议很慢慢地深呼吸。

128、breed v.（使）繁殖，生殖； 产生； 抚养，饲养n.品种 It is observed that many animals do not breed when in captivity.人们注意到许多动物一被关入笼中就不生育了。129、bridge n.桥（梁）v.架桥，建桥

Don’t cross the bridge until you come to it.不要杞人忧天。

130、brief a.简短的，简洁的v.简短介绍，简要汇报

To be brief（with you），we can’t accept such harsh terms.简单地（对你）说，我们不能接受这样苛刻的条件。131、bright a.明亮的，辉煌的； 聪明的If you look at children，you’ll see great difference between what we call “bright” children and “not bright” children.如果你仔细观察孩子，你会发现所谓聪明的孩子和不聪明的孩子之间有很多的区别。132、broadcast v./n.广播（节目）

The BBC broadcasts every day.英国广播公司每天广播。

133、brown n./a.褐色（的），棕色（的）

This meat takes some time to brown properly when cooking.这种肉要花点时间才能煮成恰到好处的褐色。134、build v.造，建筑，建设，建立

He has learned to build houses.他已经学习了建造房屋。135、building n.建筑（物），房屋，大楼

The steam that is produced is used to make electricity or to heat nearby buildings.制造出来的蒸汽是用来发电或者给附近的房屋提供热量的。136、burn v.燃烧，烧毁，烧伤n.烧伤，灼伤

The house is burning.房子烧起来了。

137、burst v.爆裂，爆炸； 突然发生，突然发作n.突然破裂，爆发

The little boy saw the plane crash and burst into flames.小男孩看到飞机坠毁并炸成碎片。

138、button n.纽扣； 按钮（开关）v.扣紧； 扣上纽扣

The blouse buttons up the back.这件衣服从背后系扣。

C

139、cage n.鸟笼，兽笼

Is the elephant in the cage? 大象在笼子里吗？

140、calm a.平静的； 镇静的v.（使）平静；（使）镇定

He was calm when I told him the bad news.当我告诉他这个坏消息时，他很平静。141、canal n.运河；（沟）渠

Water is so low in the canals of northern France that waterway traffic is forbidden except on weekends.法国北部运河的水位如此低以至于水上交通只有在周末才通行。142、cancer n.癌

As is known to all，too much smoking will cause lung cancer.众所周知，吸烟过度会引起肺癌。

143、candidate n.候选人，候补者； 报考者

The company is being forced to reduce staff and I fear I’m a likely candidate（for redundancy）.公司被迫裁员，恐怕我是其中（冗员）之一。144、capable a.有本领的，有能力的

Is the earth capable of providing a good life for so large a population? 地球能为如此多的人口提供美好的生活吗？

145、capital n.首都，首府； 大写字母； 资金a.首位的，基本的

The biggest “dream factories” are in Hollywood，the capital of the film industry.电影之都——好莱坞是最大的“梦工厂”。146、career n.生涯，经历； 专业，职业

My grandfather was a career teacher;it’s the only job he’d ever done.我祖父教了一辈子书，教书是他所干过的惟一的工作。

147、careless a.粗心的，疏忽的；（of）不关心的，淡漠的 This is careless work.Do it again!这工作做得粗枝大叶，重做!148、carry v.运送，搬运； 传送，传播； 领，带

This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers.这架奇妙的飞机能载七名乘客。

149、catch v.捕捉，捕获； 赶上； 感染； 理解，听到

～ on 理解，明白/～ up with 追上，赶上 There were no insects for its web to catch.它的网上没有昆虫可以捕。

150、cause n.原因，理由 v.使产生，引起

There is no cause for concern，for the windstorm was not too serious.那场风暴不太厉害，没必要担心。151、century n.世纪，（一）百年

Unless population growth is reduced，the world population may reach 12 billion in a century.除非人口下降，否则世界人口将在一个世纪内达到120亿。152、certainly ad.一定，必定，无疑； 当然，行 Teachers’ salaries today，while not much，certainly are much higher than they were in past year.现在教师的工资虽然不是很高，但显然比前些年高多了。153、chain n.链（条）； ［pl.］ 镣铐； 一连串，一系列，连锁v.用链条拴住

A chain is no stronger than its weakest link.一环薄弱，全局必垮。

154、challenge n.挑战（书）； 艰巨任务，难题v.向…挑战 Their school challenged ours to a football match.他们学校向我们学校挑战，要和我们进行足球比赛。

155、change n.变化； 零钱，找头v.更换，交换； 改变 You will see many changes in the village since last year.你会看到村里自去年以来发生的变化。

156、channel n.海峡，水道； 信道，波道； 路线，途径

There are many channels that we can make use of in doing this sort of work.做这工作有很多途径可以利用。

157、character n.性格，特征； 人物，角色； 字符，（汉）字

Sports and games are also very useful for character training.体育和游戏对性格训练很有帮助。

158、characteristic a.（of）特有的，独特的n.特征，特性 Size and characteristics of the dogs should be considered.应该考虑狗的大小和性情。

159、cheap a.便宜的； 低劣的，不值钱的

Bread is cheap in this supermarket because they bake it themselves.这家超市的面包是自制的，所以便宜。160、cheat v.欺骗； 作弊n.骗子； 欺诈，欺骗行为

Many experts believe cheating is on the rise.很多专家认为欺骗行为正在增加。

161、check v.检查； 制止，控制； n.检查，核对

A sudden change of wind checked the forest fire.风向突然一转，森林大火就被遏制了。

162、chemical a.化学的n.［pl.］ 化学制品，化学药品

The chemical may make the patient sick for a few hours or a day.这种化学药品可以使病人恶心几个小时或者一天。163、chief a.主要的，首要的n.首领，领袖

According to the Charter，the president is chief of the armed forces.根据宪法规定，总统是武装部队的首脑。164、city n.城市，都市

The city turned out to welcome back its victorious team.全市居民倾城而出迎接凯旋球队。

165、civilize（=civilise）v.使文明，开化

The African countries hoped to civilize all the primitive tribes on the land.非洲国家希望把非洲所有的原始部落都变成文明社会。

166、claim v.要求； 主张； 索赔n.要求； 索赔； 所有权

Fishermen and sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea.渔夫和水手有时声称看到过水怪。

167、clear a.清晰的，晴朗的； 有信心的 ad.清楚地，明白地

She seems quite clear about her plans.她似乎对自己的计划很有信心。

168、close v.关，闭； 结束n.结束ad.紧密地a.接近的I live close to the shops.我住得离商店很近。

169、cloud n.云（状物）； 遮暗物，阴影； 一大群

At the same time cold air keeps the clouds down low.同时冷空气使云层变得更低了。170、coal n.煤，煤块

It meant going to bed early to save lampoil and coal.这意味着早睡觉可以节省灯油和煤。

171、coat n.外套，上衣 v.涂上，盖上，包上

This woodwork has had its final coat of paint.这件木器已涂完最后一道漆了。

172、collect v.收集，搜集； 领取，接走

A crowd had collected to watch the ceremony.人群集中起来观看典礼。

173、college n.学院，高等专科学校，大学

Their son will start college in January.他们的儿子一月份开始上大学。

174、combination n.结合，联合，合并； 化合（物）

The power of words，then，lies in their combinations.因此单词的力量在于它们的组合。175、combine v.（with）（使）结合，联合；（使）化合Pollution and waste combine to be a problem.污染和浪费合并为一个问题。

176、comfort n.舒适，安逸； 安慰，慰问v.安慰，使舒适

She was a great comfort to me when I was ill.她在我生病时给了我极大的安慰。

177、comfortable a.舒适的，自在的They may feel un comfortably hot there.他们可能感到这里热得很不舒服。

178、comment n.注释，评论，意见 v.（on）注释，评论 He made a comment about the bad road.他对这条糟糕的路发表评论。

179、commercial a.商业的，商务的，贸易的 n.商业

A commercial college teaches things that would be useful in business.商学院讲授那些在商业中可能会有用的东西。180、communicate v.交流； 通讯，通话 They could communicate with each other.他们能够互相交流。

181、complex a.复杂的； 合成的，综合的 n.联合体

Languages are remarkably complex and wonderfully complicated organs of culture.语言是文化中相当复杂和晦涩难懂的部分。

182、complicated a.错综复杂的，麻烦的，难解的 She asked me a very complicated question.她问了我一个很复杂的问题。

183、comprehension n.理解（力），领悟 The problem is above my comprehension.这个问题超出了我的理解力。

184、concentrate v.（on）集中，专心； 浓缩 n.浓缩物

A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.开车时驾驶员的注意力要集中在路上。

185、consist v.（in）在于，存在于；（of）由…组成，由…构成 The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.联合王国包括大不列颠及北爱尔兰。

186、conclude v.结束，终止； 断定，下结论； 缔结，议定 The doctor concluded that the patient’s disease was cancer.医生断定病人患的是癌症。

187、conclusion n.结束，终结； 结论，推论 I found the conclusion of her story very exciting.我觉得她那故事的结尾很激动人心。

188、condition n.状况，状态； ［pl.］ 环境，形势，条件 I can let you have it on very favorable conditions.我愿意以非常优厚的条件卖给你。

189、confident a.（of，in）确信的，自信的 Pater is confident of winning the post as the assistant to the managing director.彼得确信他能获得总经理助理的职位。

190、contact v./n.（使）接触，联系，交往 Eye contact is extremely important in English.用英语交谈时眼神交流非常重要。

191、contain v.包含，容纳，装有； 等于，相等于

They contain the quickest and the most efficient means of communicating within their respective culture.他们各自的文化中包含着最快和最有效的沟通手段。192、continue v.连续，继续，延伸

According to the weather report，the weather will continue fine till this weekend.据天气预报，好天气将一直持续到周末。193、convenient a.（to）便利的，方便的

In the first place，television is not only a convenient source of entertainment，but also a comparatively cheap one.一方面，电视不仅是一种方便的娱乐方式，而且是一种相对便宜的方式。194、conversation n.会话，谈话

From her conversation，I deduced that she had a large family.从和她的谈话中，我推断她来自一个大家族。195、cook n.炊事员，厨师 v.烹调，煮，烧 The villagers want wood to cook their food with.村民需要木头来烧饭。

196、cool a.凉爽的； 冷静的，冷淡的 v.冷却，（使）镇静

As time went on，hot sun and cool rains made the rock split and break to pieces.随着时间的推移，炙热的太阳和冰凉的雨水使石头裂开并成为碎片。197、copy n.抄本，副本； 誊写，临摹，复制 Please send a copy of this letter to Mr.Grey.请把这封信的副本送给格雷先生。

198、corporation n.公司，企业，团体

John works for a large American chemical corporation.约翰为一家大型美国化学公司工作。

199、correct a.正确的，恰当的，v.改正，纠正，矫正 I think his commentary on this issue is not correct.我认为他对这个问题的评论是不正确的。

200、custom n.习惯，风俗，惯例； ［pl.］ 海关，关税 His custom was to get up early and have a cold bath.他习惯早起，然后洗个冷水澡。201、customer n.顾客，主顾

We might ask whether the cost of advertisement is paid for by the producer or by the customer.或许我们该问一下广告费是由厂家支付还是由顾客支付。202、country n.国家； 农村，乡下

When the empire fell to pieces，the home country found itself faced by flood and starvation.当帝国崩溃后，整个国家面临着洪水和饥饿。203、countryside n.乡下，农村 Modern agriculture is spoiling our beautiful countryside.现代农业正在破坏我们美丽的乡村。204、courage n.勇气，胆量

In their lessons at school，boys and girls may learn about such virtues as unselfishness，courage，discipline and love of one’s country.在学校的课堂上，孩子们能学习诸如无私、勇敢、自律和爱国等美德。205、course n.课程，教程； 过程，进程； 路程，路线

Of course，individuals also vary in what they are interested or willing to talk about.当然，每个人感兴趣的或者愿意参与讨论的内容会有所不同。206、creature n.人，动物

We can’t see microscopic creature with naked eyes.我们肉眼看不到微生物。207、crime n.罪行，犯罪 It’s a crime the way he treats her.他如此待她真可耻。

208、criticism n.批评，评论

His partial attitude called forth a lot of criticism.他的偏袒态度招致了不少批评。209、criticize v.批评，评论 Can authority be criticized? 权威可以被批判吗？

210、cry v.哭泣，叫，喊n.哭泣，叫喊，喊声

It is true a smile means the same thing in any language.So does laughter or crying.的确，在任何语言中微笑都有相同的意义。笑和哭同样如此。

211、culture n.修养，教养； 文化，文明 These two countries have different cultures.这两个国家有着不同的文化。

D

212、daily a.每日的ad.每日，天天n.日报 We become familiar in daily conversation.通过日常交谈我们变得熟悉起来。

213、damage v./n.损害，毁坏n.［pl.］ 损害赔偿费 The storm did a lot of damage to the crops.暴风雨使庄稼受到了很大损失。

214、dance v.跳舞n.舞蹈，舞会

Her whole life has been given to the study of dance.她一生献身于舞蹈研究。

215、dangerously adv.危险地

Their ship was sailing dangerously in the tempestuous sea.他们的船在浪急风高的海上危险地航行着。

216、dare v.敢，胆敢 The farmer could have dared to ask another farmer to help.这个农民敢向另一农民寻求帮助。

217、dark a.黑暗的，暗的； 黑色的n.黑暗，暗处 It was getting dark，so we hurried home.天黑下来了，我们急忙往家赶。

218、dash v./n.冲，猛冲，突进 Sea waves dashed against the rock.海浪冲击着岩石。

219、data n.资料，数据

The computer malfunctioned and printed out the wrong data.计算机出了故障，打印出的资料不正确.220、date n.日期，年代； 枣v.注明…的日期n./v.约会 What is the date today? 今天几号？

221、dead a.死的，无感觉的

But it seems that “Village life” is dead.但是乡村生活看起来似乎毫无生机。220、death n.死亡； 灭亡，毁灭 The death of her mother was sudden.她母亲的死很突然。

221、deal v.（with）处理，对付，安排 n.数量，程度；How would you deal with an armed burglar? 你将如何对付遇到持有武器的盗贼？ They are used a great deal in modern life.在现代生活中它们被广泛应用。

222、debt n.债，债务

If I pay all my debts I shall have no money left.如果我还清了所有的债，我就分文钱不剩了。223、deceive v.欺骗，蒙蔽

He deceived her into thinking he could drive a car.他骗她，使她相信他会开汽车。

224、decide v.决定，下决心； 解决，裁决 The boy decided not to become a sailor.那孩子决定将来不当水手。

225、decision n.决定，决心； 决议； 决策 Have they reached a decision yet? 他们是否已有所决定？

226、decrease v./n.减少，减小

The number of children in the school has decreased this year.今年在校的儿童人数减少了。

227、deed n.行为，行动； 功绩，事迹 His deeds does not agree with his words 他言行不一。

228、deeply ad.深深地

交易 We are deeply grateful for your support.我们深深感谢你的支持。

229、definite a.明确的，肯定的，限定的 I want a definite answer“yes” or“no”.我要明确的答案，“是”还是“否”。230、definitely adv.明确地，干脆地 I can’t tell you definitely when I will come.我不能肯定地告诉你我什么时候来。

231、degree n.程度； 度数； 学位； 学级

The students sh/w various degrees of skill in doing the experiments.学生们做实验时，表现出各种不同程度的技巧。232、delay v./n.耽搁，延迟

The letter was delayed three days by the train accident.火车事故使这封信耽搁了三天。

233、deliver v.交付，递送； 发表

Some new books have been delivered to the school.一些新书已被送到学校。

234、demand n./v.要求，请求，需求（量）v.查问 It demands more food and space.它需要更多的食物和空间。

235、demonstrate v.论证，证实； 演示，说明

It has been demonstrated that rats will prefer water with vitamins to water without vitamins.事实证明，比起不含维生素的水老鼠更喜欢含有维生素的水。236、department n.部，局，处，科，部门； 系，学部 Which department were you in when you studied in college？ 你读大学时是哪个院系的？

237、dependent a.依靠的，依赖的，从属的； 随…而定的 She is completely dependent on her daughter for money.她花的钱全是从她女儿那里得到的。238、describe v.描述，形容

In Chinese “surprise” can be described in a phrase like “they stretched out their tongues!”

在汉语中“吃惊”可以用“他们伸出了舌头”这一短语表示。239、design v.设计，构思，绘制n.设计，图样 They have designs on your money.他们对你的钱有企图。

240、desire v./n.愿望，欲望，要求 I had a desire to go swimming.我想去游泳。

241、desperate a.绝望的； 不顾一切的，拼死的 His failure made him desperate.他因失败而铤而走险。

242、detail n.细节，详情v.详述

Give me all the details of the accident—tell me what happened in detail.给我说说事故发生的详情，详细告诉我发生了什么事。243、detect v.觉察，发觉； 侦察，探测

The dentist could detect no sign of decay in her teeth.牙医在她的牙齿上找不到蛀蚀的迹象。

244、determine v.决心，决定； 确定，限定 I am determined to do better than Mike.我下决心要做得比麦克还好。

245、development n.发展； 扩张； 进展； 发生； 进展程度 The development of this industry will take several years.这项工业的发展要经过几年的时间。

246、dial n.钟（表）面，刻度盘，拨号盘v.拨号，打电话 The dial records showed a very slight variation in pressure.刻度盘显示出压力有极微小的变化。

247、differ v.（from）与…不同；（with）与…意见不同

They differ with each other as to the precise meaning of this article in the contract.对于合同中这一条款的确切释义他们的看法不一致。248、difficult a.困难的，艰难的

Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees，it is difficult for it to persuade the villagers to see this.虽然政府意识到种植大量树木的重要性，但是说服村民领会这一点是困难的。249、difficulty n.困难，困境，难题

At first，the government had great difficulty in persuading people to leave Rio and to settle in Brasilia.起初，政府很难说服人们离开里约热内卢去巴西利亚落户。250、direction n.方向，方位； 指令，说明 What direction does this exhibition hall face? 展览馆朝什么方向? 251、directly ad.直接地，径直地； 马上，立即

Westerners do not usually ask people directly how old they are.西方人通常不直接问别人的年龄。

252、director n.指导者； 主任； 导演； 董事

The board of the directors decided to carry on the discussion next day.董事会决定第二天继续讨论。253、disadvantage n.不利条件

Obviously, television has both advantages and disadvantages.很明显电视有利有弊.254、discover v.发现； 显示

Did you ever discover who had been sending you the flowers these days? 你有没有弄清楚这些日子是谁在给你送花? 255、discovery n.发现； 被发现的事物

The discovery of oil on their land made the people rapidly rich.他们土地上发现了石油使这里的人们家很快致富了。256、disease n.疾病

The rapid spread of the disease is alarming the medical authorities.这种疾病的迅速蔓延使医疗当局感到忧虑不安。257、distance n.距离，间隔，远方，路程

In England distance is measured in miles，not in kilometers.在英国，测量距离用英里而不是公里。258、distant a.远的，久远的

The foreign visitors came from a distant country.外国游客来自一个遥远的国度。

259、disturb v.扰乱，妨碍，使不安 Please don’t disturb me while I’m working.当我工作时，请不要打扰我。

260、divide v.分，划分，分开； 分配；（by）除

The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different operations.制作别针的工作被分成18个不同的操作步骤。261、division n.分，分割，除去

The river forms the division between the heavy industrial and light industrial areas of the city.这条河成了这座城市重工业区和轻工业区的分界线。262、double a.双的，两倍的v.使加倍，翻一番 Many things now cost double what they did a few years ago.许多东西比数年前贵了一倍。263、doubt n./v.怀疑，疑惑

I have doubts about whether he is the best man for the job.我怀疑他是否是这项工作的最佳人选。

264、draw v.拉； 画； 汲取； 引出；（to，towards）挨近The Olympic Committee has drawn up strict rules for the sportsmen.奥组委给运动员制定出严格的条例。264、dream n./v.梦； 梦想，幻想 To spend holidays by the sea was his dream.到海滨度假是他十分向往的事。

265、drop n.滴； 落下； 微量v.落下； 下降； 失落 The plate dropped from her hands.盘子从她手中掉了下来。

266、dry a.干的，干旱的； 枯燥的v.使干燥，晒干 This coat will keep you dry in the rain.这件外套使你避免被雨淋。267、due a.（to）应支付的；（车、船等）预定应到达的 Water reserves are at their lowest level in years due to drought.由于干旱，水库已经好几年处于最低水位。268、during prep.在…期间

They swim every day during the holidays.假期，他们天天去游泳。

E

269、each a./pron.各，各自的，每 They could communicate with each other.他们相互交流。

270、earn v.赚得，挣得，获得

271、earth n.地球； 土，泥； 陆地； 地上

No fo rce on earth can hold back the progress of the society.没有任何力量能够阻止社会的进步。272、easily adv.容易地，不费力地

Those young men are too easily disheartened by difficulties.那些年轻人遇到困难时太容易泄气了。

273、easy a.容易的，不费力的； 安逸的

The job of teaching is so easy that everybody can do it.教学工作如此简单以至于任何人都可以做。274、economical a.节约的，经济的

For most working people in the city，it is more economical to go to work by subway.对大多数城市里的上班族来说，坐地铁上班倒省钱些。275、economy n.节约； 经济

His views on knowledge economy have been accepted with unanimity.他关于知识经济的观点得到一致公认。276、educate v.教育； 培养； 训练

The writer was educated at a very good school.这位作家在一所很好的学校里受过教育。277、education n.教育，培养，训练

Education is given to children by the government.政府为儿童提供教育。

278、effect n.作用，影响； 效果

A youngster’s social development has a profound effect on his academic progress.青少年的社会发展对他的学术进步有深远的影响。279、effective a.有效的，生效的

The medicine is an effective cure for a headache.这种药治头痛有很好的疗效。280、efficiency n.效率，功效

In his speech he kept pounding away at his opponent’s in efficiency.他在演说中不断攻击对手不称职。

281、efficiently ad.有效率地，有效地 Gestures are more efficiently used than words.手势要比语言有效得多。

282、effort n.努力，艰难的尝试

All sides concerned would make more efforts.相关各方将进一步加大努力。

283、elect v.选举，推选； 选择，作出选择

The government is made up of men and women elected by the people of the country.政府是由这个国家的人民选出的人员组成的。284、election n.选举，当选，选择权 The government elections will be next month.政府选举将在下个月举行。

285、electric a.电的，导电的，电动的

This heavy freighter is driven by two electric motors.这辆重型运输汽车是由两台电动机驱动的。286、electricity n.电，电流； 电学

In Britain，water will soon be metered，like gas and electricity.在英国，水很快就像煤气和电一样用表计费。287、electronic a.电子的

The firm is Britain’s main producer of electronic equipment.该公司是英国主要的电子设备制造商。

288、element n.元素； 组成部分

In learning a foreign language，the best beginning would be starting with the nonlanguage elements of the language

在学习外语的过程中，最好从这门语言的非语言部分开始学起。289、emotion n.情绪，情感

Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world.恐惧是全世界另一种通用的情绪。290、emotional a.感情的

She was very emotional;she cried even when her husband left for another city on business.她很易动感情，她丈夫到另一个城市出差时她竟然放声大哭。291、employ n./v.雇用； 用，使用

Too often young people get themselves employed quite by accident.年轻人经常在偶然的情况下被雇用。292、employee n.雇工，雇员 There are 30 employees in his firm.他的公司有30名雇员。

293、employment n.雇用； 使用； 职业 He left his home to look for employment.他离家去找工作。

294、empty a.空的； 空洞的v.倒空，使成为空的

For a long time，people buried garbage or dumped it on empty land.长久以来人们在空地上掩埋或者倾倒垃圾。295、enable v.使能够，使成为可能

But division of labor adds nothing new;it only enables people to produce more of what they already have.但是劳动力的分工不会增加任何新东西，只会使人民生产更多已存在的东西。296、end up 竖着； 结束； 死

You could end up running this company if you play your cards right.你要是处理得当，到头来这个公司能归你掌管。297、endless a.无止境的，无穷的 Human needs seem endless.人类的需求是无穷尽的。298、energy n.活力，精力； 能，能量

Do we have enough energy sources to meet our future energy needs? 我们有足够的能源来满足将来的能量需求吗？ 299、engineering n.工程学

Genetic engineering will have revolutionary consequences for mankind.遗传工程将对人类产生深远的影响。

300、enjoy v.欣赏，喜爱； 享受…乐趣 People enjoy seeing the movies.人们喜欢看电影。

～ oneself 过得快活

Villagers in the past found it difficult to enjoy themselves.在过去，村民过得很艰难。301、ensure v.确保，保证

If you want to ensure that you get the diploma，you have to work harder and take all these curricula and pass them.如果你想确保获得文凭，就得努力些，选修所有这些课程并通过考试。302、entertain v.招待，款待； 使娱乐； 使欢乐 A teacher should entertain as well as teach.教师应寓教于乐。

303、entire a.完全的，全部的，完整的 Due to bad cold she spent the entire day in bed.她得了重感冒，在床上躺了一整天。304、environment n.环境，外界

The children have a happy environment at school.孩子们在学校有一个快乐的环境。305、equally a.（to）相等的v.等于 People are not equally intelligent.人的智商是不一样的。

307、equipment n.设备，器材，装置 They use special equipment.他们用专门设备。

308、error n.错误，过失

The accident was caused by human error.这次事故是由人为过错造成的。

309、escape n.逃跑，逃脱v.逃跑； 避开，避免

The hotel guests tried their best to escape from the burning building.旅客们尽力从着火的大楼中逃出来。

310、especially ad.特别，尤其

For those who work with their brains most of the day，the practice of such skills is especially useful.对那些成天使用脑力劳动的人来说，这种机能训练特别有用。

311、event n.事件，事情

Today we can read in our newspapers of important events that occur in faraway countries.现在我们可以在报纸上读到发生在遥远国度的事情。

312、eventually ad.终于，最后 As time goes on，however，we shall have to use our brains more and more，and eventually we shall need larger ones.随着时间的推移，我们将会更多地使用我们的大脑，最后我们会需要更大的大脑。

313、ever ad.在任何时候

Man has got stronger eyes than he ever had.现在人们的眼睛比以前任何时候都敏锐。

314、exactly ad.正确地，严密地

It is difficult to measure exactly the influence of advertisement on sales.要准确地估计广告对销售的影响很困难。

315、exam（=examination）n.考试，测验 Have you passed the examination you took last month? 你上个月参加的考试通过了吗？

316、examine v.检查，细查； 对…进行考试

Microscopes make tiny things larger so that we can examine them.显微镜可以使小的东西变大，因此我们可以细查这些小东西了。

317、excellent a.卓越的，极好的

The college has excellent sporting facilities.这所学院有极好的体育设备。

318、exchange v./n.（for）交换，调换； 兑换； 交流

May I exchange seats with you? 我可以和你换一下座位吗?

319、excite v.刺激，使激动； 激发，鼓励 The news excited everybody.这个消息鼓舞了每个人。

320、exciting a.令人兴奋的，使人激动的 It was an exciting hunt，but the fox escaped.这真是一场扣人心弦的追猎，可惜狐狸还是跑了。

321、exclude v.拒绝，把…排除在外，排斥

We can’t exclude the possibility that some warmongers will run the risk of starting a new world war.我们不能排除有些战争贩子会冒险发动一场新世界大战的可能性。

322、exhibition n.展览会； 陈列，展览 They are coming to the exhibition as my guests.他们作为我邀请的客人来参观展览会。

323、exist v.存在； 生活

The Roman Empire existed for several centuries.罗马帝国存在了好几个世纪。

324、existence n.存在，实在； 生存，生活（方式）The elephant is the largest land animal in existence.大象是现有最大的陆上动物。

325、expect v.预期； 期望，指望

The parents did not expect that their child’s question was too hard to give a reply.父母没有想到孩子的问题会如此难以回答。

326、experience n.经验； 经历v.体验，经历 Please tell us your experiences in America.请告诉我们你在美洲的经历。

327、experiment n.试验v.（on，with）进行实验 The experimental farm is near the waterpower station.实验农场在水电站附近。

328、expert n.专家，能手a.熟练的，有经验的； 专门的

According to expert opinions，they gave up the experiment immediately.根据专家们的意见，他们马上放弃了这项实验。

329、explain v.解释，说明

They are trying to develop a convincing theory to explain how the needles work in preventing pain.他们试图发展一种令人信服的理论来解释如何用针灸来止痛。330、explanation n.解释，说明

The only explanation for his behavior is that he’s mad.对他的行为的唯一解释就是他疯了。331、explosion n.爆炸，爆发

The explosion was caused by a burst gas pipe.这次爆炸是由一个爆裂的煤气管引起的。332、export v./n.输出，出口n.出口商品 China exports to many other countries regions.中国向许多其他国家和地区出口货物。

333、express v.表达，表示 a.特快的，快速的n.快车，快运 We use both words and gestures to express our feelings.我们通过语言和手势来表达我们的情感。

334、expression n.表达； 措辞； 表情，脸色 People’s facial expressions may be misunderstood.人们的面部表情可能会被误解。335、extreme a.极端的

He lives at the extreme edge of the forest.他住在森林的最边上。

F

336、factory n.工厂

The river has been polluted by waste products from the factory.这条河已经被工厂排放的废料污染了。

337、fail v.失败，不及格； 衰退，减弱 The teachers failed me on the written composition.老师们给我的作文打了不及格。

338、failure n.失败，不及格； 失败者 Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。

339、fair a.公平的； 相当的 n.集市，交易会，博览会 Other ways of increasing consumer interest are through exhibitions and trade fairs as well as direct mail advertisement.其他提高消费者兴趣的方法是通过展览会和商品交易会，以及直接邮寄广告。340、famous a.著名的

This town is famous for its beautiful buildings.这个城镇以其漂亮的建筑而闻名。

341、farm n.农场，饲养场v.种田，经营农牧业

Both Europe and America had great need for farm machinery.欧洲与美国都大量需求农业机械。342、farmer n.农民，农场主

The farmer was pleased to see his piles of corns on the cob.农夫看到成堆的玉米很高兴。

343、fashion n.流行式样，风尚，风气； 样子，方式

Is it the fashion to wear short skirts? Yes，short skirts are in fashion.现在是不是时兴穿短裙？是的，短裙很流行。344、feeling n.感情； 心情； 知觉； 同情 He had lost all feeling in the left leg.他的左腿完全失去了知觉。

345、fence n.篱笆，围栏； 击剑 v.击剑 The fence kept the dog in the yard.栅栏把狗圈在了院子里。

346、fill v.（with）填满，充满

George’s the best person to fill this vacancy.乔治是填补这一空缺的最佳人选。347、final a.最终的，决定性的

The final thing she did before she left the house was to lock the door.她离开房子前做的最后一件事就是锁门。

348、fit v.使适合，适应； 安装a.适合的； 健康的 The dog will fit the environment.狗将会适应这环境。

349、flame n.火焰，火苗； 热情； 光辉v.发火焰，燃烧 He could still see some flames.他仍然能够看到一些火焰。

350、flat a.平坦的，扁平的； 乏味的n.一套房间

That speech was a flat failure，and the people are disappointed.演讲很乏味，人们对它感到失望。

351、flexible a.柔韧的，易弯曲的，灵活的

This involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body.这包括把灵活的钢针插入到身体的某些部位。

352、flood n.洪水，水灾v.淹没，发大水，泛滥 It is that tree that saved their lives in the flood.就是那棵树在洪水中救了他们的性命。353、flow v.流，流动n.流量，流速

The rain falls on hard ground and flows away from the surface，causing flood.雨水落到硬地上，顺着地表流向远处从而引起了水灾。354、following a.接着的，下列的

Which of the following statement is not true? 下面哪项陈述不正确？

355、forbid v.禁止，不许

Fishing in this pond is forbidden;penalty $5.该池塘禁止钓鱼，违者罚款五美元。356、forehead n.额

The forehead will grow larger.前额会渐渐变大。357、forest n.森林

Thousands of old trees were lost in the forest fire.成千上万棵老树在森林大火中被烧毁。358、forever ad.永远，常常

I shall remember that happy day forever.我将永远记住那快乐的一天。

359、form n.形状，形式； 表格v.组成，构成； 形成 Different countries have different forms of government.不同的国家有不同的政治制度。

360、former a.以前的，在前的pron.前者

The owner of that shop is Mr.Brown—the former owner was Mr.Johnson.那家商店的主人是布朗先生，前店主是约翰逊先生。361、formula（pl.formulae）n.公式，程式

The employers and the union leaders have agreed an acceptable formula for wages.雇主和工会领袖已就工资问题达成了一个可行方案。362、fortunate a.幸运的，侥幸的

I was fortunate to catch today’s last bus to the county at the last minute.我在最后一分钟赶上了今天最后一班去县城的长途车，真是幸运。363、free a.自由的； 免费的； 空闲的； 免去…的v.使自由 When he was set free after twenty years in prison，he was amazed at the changed world he found.二十年后当他从监狱释放，他对世界的变化感到很吃惊。364、frequent a.时常发生的，频繁的 Frequent failures did not affect his morale.屡次失败并没有使他泄气。365、fresh a.新的，新鲜的

There’s been no fresh news of their trial production of the new model since yesterday.自从昨天以来，一直没有关于这种新型号试生产的新消息。366、fuel n.燃料 v.加燃料

Aircraft sometimes fuel while in the air.飞机有时在空中加油。

367、full a.（of）满的，充满的 ad.完全，充分

They knew full well that he would certainly break his promise.他们完全知道他肯定会违背诺言的。

368、function n.功能，作用； ［pl.］ 职务，职责； 函数v.起作用 The function of an adjective is to describe or add to the meaning of a noun.形容词的作用就是修饰名词。369、further ad./a.更远（的），更往前（的）； 进一步（的）v.促进，增进 He stated further that he would not cooperate with the committee.他进一步指出他不愿与委员会合作。370、furthermore ad.而且，此外

Furthermore，the rise in prices that has already taken place may be disliked and buyer’s resistance may be produced.此外，价格已经上升了，这可能会引发消费者的抵触情绪。371、future n.将来，未来； 前途，远景

What will man be like in the future—in 5，000 or even 50,000 years from now? 在五千或者五万年后人类会是什么样子？

G

372、gas n.气体，煤气； 汽油

There are several kinds of gas in the air，with nitrogen amounting to the most part.空气中有好几种气体，氮所占的比重最大。

373、general a.一般的，普通的； 总的，大体的n.将军 The opposing parties failed in the general election for all their pains.尽管反对党费尽了心机，还是在大选中遭到了失败。374、generally ad.一般，通常 The plan has been generally accepted.这项计划被人们广泛接受了。

375、generation n.产生，发生； 一代（人）We belong to the same generation.我们是同龄人。

376、gesture n.姿势，姿态； 手势v.做手势 He gestured angrily at me.他气愤地对我做手势。

377、glass n.玻璃； 玻璃杯； 镜子； ［pl.］ 眼镜

For thousands of years，people thought of glass as something beautiful to look at.几千年来，人们一直认为玻璃是看起来很漂亮的东西。378、glow v.发热，发光，发红n.白热 The metal glowed in the furnace.金属在熔炉里发出灼热的光。

379、goal n.目的，目标； 守门员，球门； 进球

If the primary goal of language use is communication，then mistakes are secondary considerations.如果语言的基本作用是交流，那么交流时的错误则是第二位要考虑的因素。380、goods n.商品，货物

It includes a variety of goods and services，many of which could be called “luxury” items.它包含不同的商品和服务，其中一些可以称为奢侈品。381、government n.政府，内阁； 管理，支配； 政治，政体 The Government is planning new tax increases.政府正打算提高征税额。

382、grade n.等级，级别； 年级； 分数v.分等，分级 This grade of wool can be sold at a fairly low price.这种等级的羊毛可以以相当低的价格卖出。383、gradually ad.逐渐地

Gradually the surrounding farmland turned residential.周围的农田渐渐变成了住宅区。

384、graduate n.（大学）毕业生v.毕业a.毕了业的； 研究生的 The salary scale is graduated so that you get more money each year.工资划分成各个等级，因此职工逐年获得加薪。385、grant n.同意，准予； 给予，授予

The government gave us a grant to build another classroom.政府给了我们一笔补助，用来盖另外一间教室。386、paragraph n.段，节

What is the major function of this paragraph? 这一段的主要作用是什么？

387、growth n.生长，增长，发展 Childhood is a period of rapid growth.童年是生长迅速的时期。

388、guess v.以为，相信； 推测，猜测 n.推测，猜测 We can only make a guess.我们只是猜测一下。

389、guidance n.引导，指导

He did the work with his teacher’s guidance.他在老师的指导下做了这项工作。

390、guide v.为…领路 n.领路人； 指南，导游 Be guided by your feeling.按你的感觉行事。

H

391、habit n.习惯；习性，脾性

in the ～ of 有…的习惯 It is not easy to break off a bad habit.要改掉一个坏习惯不容易。

392、hair n.头发，毛发，汗毛

Your hair has grown very long.Go and have your hair cut.你的头发很长了，去理个发吧。

393、hall n.礼堂，会堂，办公大楼，门厅 The children were in the school hall.孩子们在学校的礼堂里。

394、handle n.柄，把手，拉手v.处理，对待，操纵 She handled a difficult argument skillfully.她巧妙地应付了一场艰难的辩论。

395、happiness n.幸福，幸运，快乐

It’s a great happiness to us to have a grand banquet in your honor here.在此为你们举行盛大的宴会是我们极大的荣幸。396、haste n.匆忙，急速； 草率

The deathbed struggles of the enemies can only hasten their own doom.敌人的垂死挣扎只能加速他们的灭亡。397、have（got）to 不得不，必须

People have to cope with many problems and much trouble in real life.在现实生活中，人们不得不应付很多问题和困难。398、health n.健康，健康状况； 卫生 Sleep is necessary for good health.健康需要睡眠。

399、healthy a.健康的，健壮的； 有益健康的，卫生的 Sports and games make our bodies strong，prevent us from getting too fat，and keep us healthy.运动和游戏使我们强壮、远离肥胖并且能保持健康。400、heat n.热，激烈v.（给）加热，（使）变热

The heat that is produced by burning garbage is used to boil water.燃烧垃圾所产生的热量用来烧水。

401、height n.高，高度； ［常pl.］ 高地，高处 His height makes him stand out in the crowd.他的身高使他在人群中显得很突出。

402、helpful a.（to）有帮助的，有益的，有用的 The helpful boy carried my bags for me.这个挺顶用的男孩帮我拿提包。

403、hero n.英雄，勇士； 男主角，男主人公

The football player was Paul’s hero when he was at school.保罗还在学校的时候，这位足球运动员就是他崇拜的英雄。404、heroic a.英雄的，英勇的

They inspired by the heroic deeds of the good guys.他们被这些好人的英勇事迹感动。

405、hit v.打，击，击中； 到达，完成n.一击，击中

In old schools the headmaster could hit the boys with a cane for fighting in school.在过去的学校里，如果学生在学校打架，校长可以用藤条抽打他们。406、hold v.拿着，拥有； 容纳； 举行 n.握住，掌握

catch ～ of 抓住，得到

～ back 抑制，组织/ ～ up 举起，承载； 阻挡，使停止； 抢劫，拦截 We must hold ourselves in readiness for bad news.我们应该对坏消息有心理准备。

407、holiday n.假日，节日，假期，休假 In this job you get four weeks holiday a year.做这项工作，你一年有四个星期的假期。408、hope v./n.希望，期望 We hope all children can attend schools.我们希望所有的孩子都能上学。409、hotel n.旅馆

During the holiday months hotel rooms are at a premium.在度假的月份，旅馆房间的价钱比平常高。

410、hunger n./v.饥饿； 渴望 Its people died of hunger.人们死于饥饿。

411、hungry a.饥饿的 I’m hungry for good books.我期盼好图书。

I

412、idea n.思想，概念； 想法，主意 Burning garbage is not a new idea.燃烧垃圾并不是一个新主意。

413、ignore v.不理，不顾，忽视 I tried to tell her but she ignored me.我打算告诉她，可是她不理睬我。

414、image n.形象； 肖像，影像，映像 Sitting in a dark theater，watching the images on the screen，they enter another world that is real to them.坐在黑暗的剧院里，看着屏幕上的影像，他们进入了对他们来说另一个真实的世界里。

415、imagination n.想像，空想，想像力

You didn’t really see it — it was just your imagination.你没有真正看到它，这只是你的想像。

416、imagine v.想像，设想，料想

Try to imagine a jet which is more than seventy meters long and more than five stories high at the tail.试着想像一下，一架喷气式飞机长七十多米，尾部比五层楼还要高。

417、immediate a.立即的，即时的； 直接的； 最接近的

A five-day week has found an immediate welcome and much popularity since it was officially adopted across the country.五天工作制一在全国正式实行就立即受到了人们的普遍欢迎和拥护。

418、imply v.意指，含…意思，暗示

The author implied in the passage that most of us have the habits influenced by the surroundings.作者在文章中暗示，我们绝大多数人都有受环境影响的习惯。

419、impression n.印象，感想； 盖印，压痕 The thief had left an impression of his foot in the garden.小偷在花园中留下一个脚印。

420、improve v.改善，改进，增进； 好转，进步

This is not good enough.I want to improve it.这还不够好，我要加以改进。

421、improvement n.改进，改良，增进； 改进措施

Because of improvements in technology，people could buy many new kinds of products in American stores，such as home computers，microwave ovens，etc.由于技术的进步，人们可以在美国商店买到很多新产品，比如家用电脑、微波炉等等。

422、import v./n.进口，输入

Nowadays，our import and export corporations send their trade groups abroad every now and then.现如今我们的进出口公司经常派贸易代表团到国外去。

423、importance n.重要，重要性

The importance of washing one’s hands before a meal is that it prevents infection.饭前洗手的重要性在于防止传染。

424、inch n.英寸

Give him an inch and he’ll take an ell.他得寸进尺。

425、include v.包括，包含，计入

He had included a large number of funny stories in the speech.他在讲话中加进了许多引人发笑的故事。

426、income n.收入，收益，进款，所得 What is your income from your job? 你的工作收入是多少？

427、increase v./n.增加，增长，增进 His employer has increased his wages.他的雇主给他涨了工资。

428、indeed ad.确实，实在； 真正地； 多么

Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an “important” job.很多东西告诉我们教学确实是一份重要的工作。

429、indirect a.间接的，迂回的

They may try to discuss the topic indirectly.他们可能会尽量间接地讨论这一话题。

430、individual a.个人的，单独的； 独特的n.个人，个体 Much of the pollution could be controlled if only companies，individuals and governments would make more efforts.如果公司、个人和政府都能采取有效措施，很多污染就会被控制。

431、industry n.工业，产业； 勤劳，勤奋

But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life，families became smaller.但是当工业在美国人的生活中比农业更重要时，家庭开始变小了。

432、infer v.推论，推断

I infer from your letter that you have not made up your mind yet.我从你信中推想，你还没有下定决心。

433、information n.通知，报告； 情报，资料，消息； 信息 The police haven’t got enough information to catch the suspected.警方还未掌握可以抓住这个嫌疑犯的足够情报。

434、injure v.损害，损伤，伤害 There were two people injured in the car accident.有两个人在车祸中受伤。

435、innocent a.（of）清白的，无罪的； 无知的

Can you provide any evidence that he was innocent of the crime? 你能提供证据证明他没有犯罪吗?

436、insect n.昆虫

Insects propagate themselves by means of eggs.昆虫靠产卵繁殖后代。

437、inspire v.鼓舞，激起； 使产生灵感

His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother.他最好的乐曲灵感来源于对母亲的回忆。

438、instance n.例子，事例，例证 for ～ 例如，举例说

For instance，when in a new situation，an intelligent person thinks about the situation，not about himself or what might happen to him.比如说在新环境中，聪明人会仔细思考这个新环境而不是去思考他自己或者去思考将会发生什么事情。

439、instruct v.教，教授； 命令，指示

I’ve been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.我得到指示在这儿等到授课老师来为止。440、insult v./n.侮辱，凌辱

He insulted her by calling her a stupid fool.他叫她笨蛋，侮辱了她。

441、insure v.保险，给…保险； 保证

It is advisable to insure your life against accident.最好上人寿保险，以防意外。

442、intelligence n.智力，聪明； 理解力； 情报，消息，报道 Use your intelligence，and you’re sure to achieve something.发挥你的聪明才智，你一定能取得成就。443、intelligent a.聪明的，明智的

Can you say that dolphins are much more intelligent than other animals? 你能说海豚比其他动物聪明得多吗? 444、interfere v.（in）干涉，干预；（with）妨碍，打扰 I don’t want to interfere with you;proceed with your work.我不想打扰你了，你继续工作吧。445、intend v.想要，打算，企图

It is intended to deal with facts，not personal opinions.对事不对人。

446、intention n.意图，意向，目的 He has no intention of marrying yet.他还没有结婚的打算。

447、internal a.内部的，内的； 国内的，内政的

I think the present armed clash on the border was a diversion to make their people forget the internal difficult economic situation.我认为目前发生的边界冲突事件是想要转移国内人民对困难的经济形势的注意力。448、interview v./n.接见，会见； 采访； 面试

As he had nothing to tell，he refused to give any interviews to the journalists.他无可奉告，拒绝了记者采访。

449、introduce v.介绍； 传入，引进； 提出； 采用 He introduced his friend to me.他把朋友介绍给我。

450、invent v.发明，创造； 捏造，虚构 How men first learned to invent words is unknown.人类最初是怎样发明出文字的还是未知。451、invention n.发明，创造 Necessity is the mother of invention.需要是发明之母。

452、investigate v.调查，调查研究 Production goes before market investigation.产品应该走在市场调研之前。

453、involve v.卷入，陷入，连累； 包含，含有，涉及 How should we involve ourselves in school life? 我们应该怎样投入学校生活？

454、iron n.铁； 烙铁，熨斗v.熨（衣），熨平

The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow.早期发明中最重要的是铁犁。455、item n.条，条款，项目

Are there any interesting news items in the paper this morning? 今天的晨报上有什么有趣的新闻吗？

J

456、jealous a.（of）妒忌的； 猜疑的，警惕的 He is jealous of their success.他妒忌他们的成就。

457、journey n.旅行，旅程 v.旅行 How long is the journey to the coast? 到海滨去旅行路有多远？

458、judge n.法官，审判员； 裁判员，鉴定人v.审判，判决； 评定，裁判；At a certain age，children are also learning to judge themselves in relation to others.到了一定年龄，孩子也学着判断他们与周围人的关系。

459、judgment n.审判，判决； 判断力，识别力； 看法，意见 Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgment.她的决定似乎显示出她缺乏政治判断力。

K

判断

460、kick v./n.踢

Some people get a kick out of the danger in motor racing.有些人从赛车的惊险中寻求刺激。

461、kid n.小孩，儿童v.戏弄，取笑

Young kids don’t know how to distinguish between effort and ability.小孩子不知道如何区分努力和能力。

L

462、labo（u）r n.工作，劳动； 劳力，劳工v.劳动； 苦干 You needn’t labor a point that is perfectly plain.这点很明显，你用不着讲个没完。463、lamp n.灯

The lamp is full of gaseous nitrogen.灯里充满了氮气。

464、land n.陆地，土地； 田地 v.登陆； 着陆

While many animals landed on the island，they could find no food.很多动物在岛屿登陆，但它们找不到食物。

465、largely ad.主要地，基本上； 大量地，大规模地 There are few towns in this area； it is largely land for farming.这个地区城镇很少，主要是农田。466、lately ad.最近，不久前

That kind of bird has become more numerous around here lately.近来，附近一带那种鸟越来越多了。

467、launch v.发射，发动，开展n.发射，下水 They have launched a manmade satellite successfully.他们成功发射了一颗人造卫星。468、lawn n.草地，草坪

France have banned washing cars and watering lawns.法国已经禁止洗车和浇灌草坪。469、lazy a.懒惰的，懒散的

They are usually too lazy to plant and look after the trees.他们经常懒得浇灌和照看这些树。

470、least a.最小的； 最少的ad.最小； 最少

at ～ 至少，最低限度 He probably isn’t sure how to operate the machine，but at least he tries.他可能还不是很确定如何操作这个机器，但是至少他尽力了。471、leisure n.空闲，闲暇； 悠闲，安逸 It sets a pattern of life and，in many ways，determines social status in life，selection of friends，leisure and interest.它设定了一种生活模式，在很多方面它也决定了生活中的社会地位，以及对于朋友、休闲方式和兴趣的选择。

472、level n.水平，水准a.水平的，平的v.弄平，铺平The two pictures are not quite level that one is higher than the other.这两幅画挂得不一样高，这幅比那幅高。

473、library n.图书馆； 藏书室； 藏书，丛书，文库

Unless you return those books to the library immediately you will have to pay a fine.如果你不立刻归还这些书，你就要缴纳罚款。

474、likely a.很可能的，有希望的ad.大概，多半

Cheating is most likely in situations where the vital interests are high and the chances of getting caught are low.作弊最有可能在切身利益很大而被抓的几率很小的情况下发生。475、line v.排队，使排成一行

People lined the streets to see the famous man go past.人们站在街道两旁看那位著名人士走过。476、lip n.嘴唇

They are closely related as lips and teeth.他们唇齿相依。

477、liquid n.液体a.液体的，液态的

The hot liquid piled higher and higher and spread wider and wider.In this way，an island rose up in the sea.这种炙热的液体堆得越来越高，扩散得越来越宽。这样，一座岛便在海中凸现出来。478、literature n.文学，文学作品，文献 In Chinese and in English literature，a phrase like “he went pale and begin to tremble” suggests that the man is either very afraid or he has just got a very big shock.在中文和英文文学中，像“他脸色苍白并且开始发抖”这样的短语表示这个人要么非常害怕，要么刚受到沉重打击。479、load v.装（货），装载，装填n.装载，负荷（量）The truck was carrying a load of bananas.这辆卡车装着一车香蕉。

480、local a.地方的，当地的； 局部的

The cinema and commercial radio are useful for local market.电影和商业化广播对地方市场有用。

481、low a.低的，矮的； 低级的，卑贱的

Money earned from advertisements makes it possible for them to sell their newspapers at a low price and still make a profit.从广告中赚取的钱可以使他们以极低的价格销售报纸而仍然保持盈利。482、lower a.较低的，下级的； 下游的v.降下，放低 Her family’s income level will be a little lower than it normally is.他的家庭收入低于平均水平。

483、loyal a.（to）忠诚的，忠贞的

I may say in all sincerity that you have been my most loyal friend.我可以非常真诚地说，你一直是我最忠实的朋友。484、luxury n.奢侈； 奢侈品

The government has imposed strict controls over the import of luxury goods.政府对奢侈品的进口采取了严格管制。

M

485、machine n.机器，机械

Generally，during examinations teachers and students are expected to act like machines.通常说来，考试期间老师和学生表现得像机器一样。486、machinery n.［总称］ 机器，机械； 系统 We have no machinery for dealing with complaints.我们没有处理投诉的机构。

487、magazine n.杂志，期刊

There is an introduction about Norway in this magazine.这本杂志里有一篇介绍挪威的文章。

488、main a.主要的，总的n.总管道； 干线

But the main reason why people go to the movies is to escape.但是人们去看电影的主要原因是逃避现实。489、mainly ad.大体上，主要地 Weasel lives mainly on rats and rabbits.黄鼠狼主要以老鼠和兔子为食。490、make use of 利用

There are many channels that we can make use of in doing this sort of work.做这种工作有很多方法可以利用。491、make way 开路，让路

The newcomers think that if old George didn’t get the nomination this time he would loyally stand down and make way for a younger man.The party bosses know different.新来的人认为如果老乔治这次没有被提名，他就会老老实实地退出竞选，让位于年轻些的候选人。党派的头头们却不这样看。

492、major a.（较）大的，（较）重要的n.专业v.（in）主修，专攻 She majored in maths and physics at university.她在大学期间主修数学和物理。493、majority n.多数，大多数

The majority of children in our class have brown eyes;only three have blue eyes.我们班大多数孩子是棕眼睛，只有三个孩子是蓝眼睛。

494、maintain v.维修，保养； 维持，保持； 坚持，主张

He failed again and again simply because he had maintained his defeatist attitude.他一直坚持失败态度，所以失败了一次又一次。495、male n./a.男性（的），雄性（的）

The male employees in their families should receive double wages.在他们的家庭中，男雇员应该发给两倍工资。496、manager n.经理，管理人

She’s not a very good manager;she always spends more money than she earns.她不大会理财，总是入不敷出。

497、market n.集市，市场； 销路，需求（量）v.销售 The sales manager wants to open up new markets in the Far East.销售经理想在远东开辟新市场。

498、master n.主人； 师傅； 硕士v.精通，掌握 He is the master of the boat moored alongside.他是那条靠着码头停泊的船的主人。

499、material n.材料，原料，资料a.物质的，实体的 There is singer material among these young girls.在这些年轻姑娘中有些是当歌唱家的人才。500、meal n.膳食，一餐

I had a frugal meal of bread and cheese last night.我昨晚吃了只有面包和奶酪的便餐。501、meaning n.意思，意义，含义

You can’t say that these sounds have no meaning.不能说这些声音没有任何含义。

502、measure v.量，测量n.尺寸，大小； ［常pl.］ 措施，办法 The government has promised to take measures to help the unemployed.政府已答应采取措施来帮助失业者。503、meat n.（食用）肉类

We’ll have to pay more for meat and milk.我们应该多买些肉类和奶类。

504、mechanic n.技工，机修工

This machine isn’t working;get a mechanic to see to it.这台机器坏了，找技工来修理一下吧。

505、medical a.医学的，医疗的，医药的； 内科的 Actually，the world’s birth rate is falling.But so is death rate，as medical advances have made it possible for man to live longer than before.准确说来，世界人口出生率在下降。但是死亡率也在下降，因为随着医学的进步，人类活得比以前更长了。

506、medicine n.内服药，医药； 医术； 医学，内科学 A person who wants to become a doctor has to study medicine.一个想当医生的人得学习医学。507、member n.成员，会员

A trustee is a member of managing business affairs of an institution.理事是机构管理班子中的成员。508、mental

a.精神的，智力的

We should pay more attention to our mental health.我们应该更注重心理健康。

509、mention v./n.提及，说起

The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America.上面提及的调查是在美国开展的。

510、message n.消息，信息，通讯； 启示，要旨 The media are all used to spread the message.媒体都是用来传播消息的。

511、metal

n.金属，金属制品

This not only causes a litter problem，but also is a great waste of resources，in terms of glass，metal and paper.这不仅会引起小问题，而且将是玻璃、金属、纸张等资源的巨大浪费。

512、method n.方法，办法 This method could also reduce the amount of garbage piling up on the earth.这种方法还可以减少堆在地球上垃圾的数量。

513、microscope

n.显微镜

He stained some slides and looked at them under the microscope.他给几张载玻片上染了色，然后放到显微镜下观察。

514、middle n.中间，当中 a.中间的，中部的 Thousands of years ago，in the middle of an ocean，miles from the nearest island，an undersea volcano broke out.数千年前，大海中央距离最近的岛只有几英里的海底火山爆发了。

515、midnight n.午夜

We use to go for a midnight swim during the midsummer.从前盛夏时我们常在午夜去游泳。

516、mind n.头脑，精神； 理智； 想法，记忆v.注意，留心； 介意，反对 I’d a good mind to smack him for being so rude!他这样粗野，我真想揍他。

517、mineral n.矿物，矿石

Only they，in sunlight，could produce food from the minerals of the soil，water and air.只有它们能在阳光中，用土壤、水和空气中的矿物质制造食物。

518、miss v.未击中； 错过，没达到； 惦念

I was late because I missed the bus.我之所以迟到，是因为我误了公共汽车。

519、modest

a.谦虚的，谦让的，谦逊的 She is very modest about the prizes she has won.她对自己获奖非常谦虚。

520、moral

a.道德（上）的，道义的n.寓意，教育意义 We’re suffering a moral breakdown.我们正在经受道德沦丧。

521、mosquito n.蚊子

Mosquitoes like to suck the blood of people and animals.蚊子喜欢吸食人和动物的血。

522、moreover conj./ad.再者，加之，而且

The composition is a not well written，and moreover，there are many spelling mistakes in it.这篇作文写得不好，而且还有许多拼写错误。

523、movement n.运动，活动； 移动，迁移

The American women’s liberation（解放）movement was started by women who don’t want to stand behind successful men.美国的妇女解放运动是由那些不愿意依靠男人的妇女发起的。

524、movie n.电影，电影院

The conclusion of the movie was anticlimactic.电影的结局真没劲。

525、murder v./n.谋杀，凶杀

He murdered the song by poor singing.他唱得很差，糟蹋了这首歌。

526、muscle

n.肌肉，体力 Some of my friends develop their arm muscles by playing tennis.我的一些朋友通过打网球锻炼他们手臂上的肌肉。

527、mysterious a.神秘的，可疑的，难理解的 They’re being very mysterious about their holiday plans.他们的度假计划显得很神秘。

528、mystery n.神秘，神秘的事 Why he went there is a mystery to me.他为什么去那里对我来说是个谜。

N

529、naked a.裸体的，无遮蔽的，无掩饰的 We can’t see microscopic creature with naked eyes.我们用肉眼看不到微生物。

530、national a.民族的，国家的，国立的 The national emblem of England is a rose.英国的国徽是一朵玫瑰花。

531、native a.本地的，本国的； 天生的n.本地人，本国人

The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves.语言学习者可以观察说母语的人是如何表达的。

532、natural

a.正常的，自然的； 自然界的，天然的 Milk is the natural food for young babies.牛奶是婴儿的天然食物。

533、nature n.自然界，大自然，性质，本性，天性

Chinese Export Commodities Fairs and some other fairs of similar nature as well as visits of foreign businessmen provide us with such opportunities.外商的来访及中国出口商品交易会和其他一些类似性质的组织给我们提供了这些机会。

534、needle

n.针，指针，针状物

This involves placing flexible needles into certain parts of the body.这包括把灵活的钢针插入身体的某个部位。

535、negative

a.否定的，消极的，反面的，负的 I have a negative opinion on the value of this idea.我对这个主意持反对意见。

536、neutral

a.中立的； 中性的，中和的

She is neutral in this argument;she doesn’t care who wins.在这场辩论中她保持中立，不在乎谁赢谁输。

537、neighbo（u）r n.邻居

My next door neighbor lives in the house next to mine.我的隔壁邻居住在紧挨着我家的房子里。

538、nervous a.神经的； 神经过敏的，紧张不安的 The speaker gave a nervous cough.演说的人紧张得咳嗽了一声。

539、nonsense

n.胡说，废话 She told me that the moon was made of cheese.What nonsense!她告诉我月亮是奶酪做的，真是胡说八道！540、normal a.正常的，正规的，标准的

They go to the movies to escape their normal everyday existence and to experience a life more exciting than their own.他们去看电影借此逃避每天的日常生活，从而经历一次比平时更刺激的生活。

541、notice n.通知，通告，布告； 注意 v.注意到，注意 The notice on the door said that the library was closed.门上的通知说图书馆关门了。

542、numerous

a.众多的，许多的，大批的 In market，goods on sale are numerous.市场上待售商品充足。

O

543、objective

n.目标a.客观的，真实的 My objective this summer will be learning to swim.我今年夏天的目标是学习游泳。

544、observe

v.遵守，奉行； 观察，注意到，看到 They were observed entering the bank.有人看到他们进入银行。

545、obtain v.获得，得到

I haven’t been able to obtain that book.我还没能得到那本书。

546、obvious

a.明显的，显而易见的 Let us take an obvious example.让我们举一个明显的例子。

547、occasion

n.场合，时节，时刻； 时机，机会 A birthday is no occasion for tears.生日可不是哭鼻子的时候。

548、occupation

n.占领，职业，工作

He returned from Paris and found his office was under someone else’s occupation.从巴黎回来，他发现自己的办公室被别人占了。

549、occur

v.发生，出现； 想起，想到 The disease occurs most frequently in rural areas.那种疾病常见于农村地区.550、opinion n.意见，看法，主张

He asked his father’s opinion about his plans.他征求爸爸对他的计划的意见。

551、ordinary

a.普通的，平凡的，平常的；平庸的

The ordinary day school cannot give much practical training in living.普通学校不能提供平时生活所需的实际练习。552、organ

n.器官； 机构； 风琴 Man’s organs will function differently in the future.将来人类的器官会发挥不同的作用。

553、origin

n.起源，由来； 出身，来历

The social unrest has its origins in economic problems.社会动荡是经济问题引起的。

554、original

a.最初的，原来的； 新颖的，有独创性的

Many young scholars are making original and valuable contributions in all fields of science.很多年轻学者对科学的各个领域作出了原创性的和有价值的贡献。555、oppose

v.反对，反抗

The suggestion that women should return to housework was opposed by most men and women.妇女应该回归家庭的建议遭到大部分男人和女人的反对。

556、opposite

a.（to）对面的，相反的n.对立面prep.在…的对面

The buses went in opposite directions—one went south and the other went north.这两辆公共汽车朝相反的方向开，一辆向南，一辆向北。557、opportunity n.机会

I’ll have another opportunity to visit the exhibition next year.明年我们还有一次机会参观这个展览会。

558、operate v.运转，操作；（on）动手术，开刀 That business operates in several countries.那家商行在几个国家有业务活动。

559、operation n.运转，开动，操作；（on）手术 When does the law come into operation? 新的法律什么时候生效？

560、otherwise

ad.另外； 在其他方面conj.要不然，否则 He is noisy，but otherwise a nice boy.他爱吵闹，但在其他方面倒是一个好孩子。

561、ought to

aux.（to + inf.）应当，应该，本应，本当

In making investigations，we ought to get information about what similar items the competitors are.在作调查研究的时候我们应该获得一些竞争者的相关信息。

562、outside ad.向外面； 在外面n./a.外部，外表prep.在…外 The outside of an orange is bitter，but the inside is sweet.橘子是苦在其外，甜在其中。

563、outer a.外部的，外面的，外层的 Space vehicles were launched into outer space.航天器被发射到外太空。

564、oven

n.炉，灶，烤箱

The baker’s house had caught fire from the over heated oven.面包师家的房子着火是由过热的烤箱引起的。565、overcoat n.外衣，大衣

When a hungry man gets a meal，he begins to think about an overcoat.当饥饿的人能够吃饱饭后，他就开始想要一件大衣。566、overcome

v.战胜，克服

In order to learn a foreign language well，it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes.为了能学好语言，有必要克服害怕出错的心理。567、own a.自己的v.拥有，有

But，the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dreamworld;he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.但是不聪明的孩子更关心他自己及其梦想世界； 总的来说，在他和生活之间看起来有一堵墙。

P

568、package v./n.包装

He packaged up his old clothes and put them in the cupboard.他把旧衣服包成一包放在橱里。

569、pain n.痛，痛苦； ［pl.］ 努力，劳苦

His bad behaviour caused his parents a great deal of pain.他的不良行为使他的父母感到非常痛苦。570、painful a.疼痛的，使痛苦的

He gained the medal through his painful travail.他通过艰辛的努力获得了奖牌。

571、pale

a.苍白的； 淡的，暗淡的 v.变苍白，失色

All other anxieties paled into insignificance besides the possibility of war.和可能发生的战争相比，所有其他的忧虑都变得微不足道了。572、participate v.（in）参与，参加

Half of the children participated in the experimental study.一半的孩子参加了这个实验性研究。

573、particularly

adv.异常地； 显著地； 特别地，格外，尤其；I can remember one passage that particularly struck me.我能记得特别吸引我的那段。

574、passive

a.被动的，消极的

In spite of my efforts the boy remained passive.尽管我很努力，那个男孩还是很消极。

575、patient

a.有耐心的，能忍耐的n.病人，患者 I know your leg hurts，just be patient until the doctor arrives.我知道你的腿受伤了，耐心点，等医生来。576、patience

n.耐心，忍耐 Patience is what needed.需要的是耐心。

577、pattern

n.模式，式样； 图案，图样v.仿制，模仿 This is probably because they are born with those behavior patterns.这或许是因为他们天生具有那样的行为模式。578、peace n.和平；平静，安宁 War started again after eight years of peace.八年的和平之后，战争又开始了。

579、perfect

a.完善的，无瑕的； 十足的v.使完美，改进

特殊地

What do we mean by a perfect English pronunciation? 具有完美的英语发音意味着什么？

580、perform

v.履行，执行，做，完成； 表演，演出 It could be argued that the radio performs this service as well.无线电台能否很好地提供服务，人们对此存在争议。581、permanent

a.永久的，持久的

I’m not a permanent employee;I’m working here on a fixedterm contract.我并不是永久雇员，而是根据定期合同在此工作的。

582、press v.压，按； 压榨，压迫； 紧迫，催促，逼迫 n.报刊，出版社 The press have been invited to a press conference to hear the government’s statement on the event.新闻记者已应邀参加新闻发布会，听取政府关于这一事件的声明。583、pressure

n.压（力）； 强制，压迫，压强 Cheating is the result of intense pressure.作弊是由高强度的压力造成的。

584、persuade

v.说服，劝说；（of）（使）相信 How can I persuade you that I am sincere? 怎样才能使你相信我是真心实意的呢? 585、pet n.爱畜，宠儿a.宠爱的，表示亲昵的 Dogs are demanding pets.狗是一种需求量很大的宠物。

586、phrase

n.短语，词语，习语 He is fond of using highsounding phrases.他爱用夸大的词句。

587、philosopher

n.哲学家，哲人

According to some philosopher，everything in existence is reasonable.某位哲学家认为，存在即是合理。

588、physical

a.物质的； 身体的； 自然科学的，物理的 Physical fitness is having a strong healthy body.身体健康就是有一个强壮健康的身体。589、picnic n.野餐v.（去）野餐 We had a picnic by the sea.我们在海边搞了一次野餐。590、pigeon n.鸽

The pigeons are not bothered by traffic problems.这些鸽子不受交通问题的干扰。

591、pile n.堆v.（up）堆，叠，堆积

It’s probably not as bad as she says — she does tend to pile it on.大概不像她说的那么糟——她确实有意夸大事实。

592、pin n.钉，栓； 大头针，别针，徽章v.（up）钉住

He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England.他以英国制造大头针的过程为例。

593、pioneer n.先驱，倡导者，开拓者

So plants had to be the pioneer life on this new island.因此植物是这座岛上最早的生物。594、pipe n.管子，导管； 烟斗； 笛

I’m not giving up my holiday to suit you，so you can put that in your pipe and smoke it!我不打算放弃我的假日来迁就你，你不听也得听!595、plastic n.［常pl.］ 塑料，塑料制品a.可塑的，塑性的

There isn’t much metal in the bodywork of this new car;it’s mainly plastic.这辆新汽车的车身没用多少金属材料，大部分是塑料的。

596、pleasure n.愉快，快乐； 乐事，乐趣 He listened with pleasure to the beautiful music.他陶醉在美妙的音乐中。

597、plentiful a.富裕的，丰富的

Some years we have a plentiful harvest，others a very poor one，but you have to take the good with the bad.有些年我们获得大丰收，有些年则收成很差，但好坏你都得接受。598、plenty n.丰富，大量 There is plenty of evidence.证据充足。

599、poet n.诗人

The poet expressed his burning passion for the woman he loved.诗人表达了他对所爱的女子火一般的激情。600、poison n.毒物，毒药v.放毒，毒害 Gases from cars are poisoning the air of our cities.汽车放出的废气在污染我们城市的空气。601、policy n.政策，方针

This latest incident may be the lever needed to change government policy.最近的事件或许可以作为政府改变政策所需的手段。602、polite a.有礼貌的，客气的； 有教养的，文雅

He had been invited to speak at Gettysburg only out of politeness.邀请他在葛底斯堡演讲只是出于礼貌。603、pollute v.弄脏，污染

I feel it is our duty not to pollute our environment.我感觉我们有责任不污染我们的环境。604、pollution n.污染

People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about the problem of pollution.全世界的人们都开始听到或者意识到越来越严重的环境污染问题。605、pop a.流行的，通俗的 A pop group plays pop music.流行乐团演奏流行音乐。

606、popular a.流行的，通俗的，大众的； 有名的 The dance is popular with young people.这种舞很受青年人喜爱。607、population n.人口

There has been a steady decrease in population in this city.这个城市的人口在持续减少。608、possibility n.可能，可能性； 可能的事，希望 The new invention contains wonderful possibilities.这个新发明具有极好的未来。

609、positive a.确实的，明确的； 积极的，肯定的 He was positive that he had seen it in the newspaper.他肯定他在报纸上看见过。610、postpone v.推迟，延期

If they expect prices to go down，they will postpone buying.如果他们能够预料到价格下跌，他们可能会推迟购买。611、poverty n.贫穷，贫困 She has lived in poverty all her life.她一生都过着贫困的生活。

612、powerful a.强大的，有力的，有权的

The chancellor is the most powerful man in the Austrian government.首相是奥地利政府最有实权的人。613、practical a.实际的，实用的

He has a practical partner who organizes everything for him.他有个很能干的伙伴，替他把一切打理得井井有条。

614、practice n.练习，实习； 实践，实际； 业务，开业

in ～ 在实践中，实际上/out of ～ 久不练习，荒疏 In practice，this is an advantage to the airplane.实际上这是飞机的进步。

615、practice（=practise）v.练习，实习； 实践，实行； 开业，从事 He has practised medicine for a year.他开业行医已一年。

616、praise v.赞扬，歌颂； 表扬，称赞n.称赞，赞美 Critics praised the work as highly original.评论家们称赞该作品独树一帜。

617、pray v.请求，恳求； 祈祷，祈求 We’re praying for a fine day.我们希望有个好天气。

618、predict v.预言，预测，预告

A scientist who wants to predict the way in which consumers（消费者）will spend their money must study consumer behavior.如果科学家要预测消费者用什么方法花钱，他就必须研究消费者行为。619、president n.总统； 校长； 会长，主席

There was much criticism of President Lincoln at the time.那时候，很多人都批评林肯总统。

620、previous a.先，前，以前的；（to）在…之前 Applicants for the job must have previous experience.申请这份工作的人必须先前有过这种工作经验。

621、primary a.最初的，初级的； 首要的，主要的，基本的 It was in the primary school that my teacher introduced me to computers.就是在小学的时候老师让我了解了计算机。622、private a.私人的，个人的； 秘密的，私下的

It’s illegal to read people’s private letters without permission.未经允许看别人的私人信件是违法的。

623、prize n.奖赏，奖金，奖品v.珍视，珍惜 I won a prize for running.我跑步得了奖。

624、probability n.可能性，概率

The probability of a peace agreement being reached is zero.达成和平协定的概率是零。

625、probable a.很可能的，大概的； 有希望的，可能的 It’s highly probable that they will win the match.他们很可能会赢这场比赛。

626、probably ad.大概，或许

He probably isn’t sure how it will all work out，but at least he tries.他或许不确定如何把它全部完成，但是至少他试过了。

627、process n.过程； 工序，制作法； 工艺v.加工，处理

The firm is now in the process of moving the main equipment to a new place.公司目前正在把主要设备迁到新地址去。628、product n.产品，产物； 乘积

Our product has become the undisputed market leader.我们的产品成为在市场上无可匹敌的产品。

629、production n.生产，产量； 产品，作品

They tried to increase production by using better methods and tools.他们试图利用更好的方法和工具来提升生产力。

630、program（=programme）n.节目，节目单； 计划； 程序； 规划v.编制程序 I watched a program about farming.我看了一个有关农业的节目。

640、progress v./n.前进，进步，进展 You have made progress with your English.你的英语进步了。

641、progressive a.进步的，先进的； 前进的

This is a very progressive firm that uses the most modern systems.这家公司采用最现代化的系统，是一家非常先进的公司。

642、project n.方案，计划，工程，项目v.投射，放映；（使）凸出，（使）伸出 It is an elaborate project that answers many purposes.这是一项满足多方面需要的精心设计的项目。

643、promise v.允许，允诺，答应； 有…可能n.承诺，诺言； 希望，出息 He broke his promise and did not come to see me.他不遵守诺言，没来看我。

644、promote v.促进，发扬； 提升，提拔； 增进，助长 The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion.市场调查对销售量的提升是不可或缺的。645、pronunciation n.发音，发音方法 He has a good pronunciation.他的发音很好。

646、proper a.适合的； 正当的； 固有的； 有礼貌的 Verbal ability can easily be developed with proper methods.如果方法适当，语言能力就容易提高。

647、proportion n.比例； 部分，份儿； 均衡，相称 in ～（to）（与…）成比例的 This door is narrow in proportion to its height.这扇门就其高度的比例而言窄了些。648、proposal n.提议，建议

These foreigners have put forward a proposal for a joint venture.这些外国人提出了合资的建议。

649、propose v.提议，建议； 提名，推荐 He proposed that we should go for a walk.他提议我们去散步。

650、protect v.（from）保护，保卫

The union was formed to protect the rights and interests of miners.建立工会是为保护矿工的权益。

651、prove v.证明，证实； 检验； 考验； 鉴定

Research surveys have proved that rising prices may make people put off their purchase of certain things.研究结果证明，价格上涨可能使人们推迟购买某些东西。652、proof n.证据，证明； 校样，样张 There is no proof that he was on the crime spot.没有证据证明他当时在犯罪现场。

653、provide v.（with，for）提供，供给

The hotel provides a reservation of tickets for its residents.这家旅馆为旅客提供订票服务。

654、public a.公共的，公众的； 公开的n.公众，民众 The town has its own public library and public gardens.那座城镇拥有自己的公共图书馆和公园。

655、publish v.出版，刊印； 公布，发布 This company publishes children’s books.这个公司出版儿童书籍。656、punish v.惩罚，处罚

The teacher punished the noisy children by making them stay after school.老师为了惩罚那些吵闹的孩子，让他们放学后不准回家。657、pupil n.学生，小学生； 瞳孔

The headmaster has made a decision of suspension of a pupil from school.校长已经对一名学生作出停学处分的决定。

658、purpose n.目的，意图； 用途，效果

on ～ 故意，有意 One of their purposes is to make market surveys on the spot.他们的目的之一是在现场做市场调查。

Q

659、qualify v.（使）具有资格； 限制，限定

A degree in English does not qualify you to teach English.英语学位并不能使你具备教书资格。660、quality n.质量，品质，特性

The public expects “quality people” to teach the young.市民希望素质高的人来给年轻人讲课。

661、quarter n.四分之一； 季度； 一刻钟； 地区； ［pl.］ 住处

There were four of us，so we divided the orange into quarters and each ate a piece.我们共有四个人，因此我们把橘子分成四等份，每人吃一份。662、quit v.离开，退出； 停止，放弃，辞职

Some stay long at a job and learn to like it;others quit from one to another looking for something to suit them.一些人长期做一份工作，并且试着去喜欢它； 另一些人为了寻找适合自己的职业辞掉一份又一份工作。

R

663、range n.范围，距离，领域； 排列；（山）脉 There’s a wide range of ability in the class.这个班的水平差距很大。

664、railroad（=railway）n.铁路v.由铁道运输

In distant places, there are no railroads，no proper roads and no telephones.偏远地区没有铁路、公路和电话。665、rapid a.快，急速的

This stage of sleep is called REM，which stands for rapid eye movement.睡眠的这个阶段被叫做REM，REM是眼睛快速转动的意思。666、rate n.速率，比率； 等级； 价格v.估价； 评级，评价 at any ～ 无论如何，至少

He is generally rated as one of the best modern writers.他被公认为现代最杰出的作家之一。667、ray n.光线，射线

A ray of light pierced the darkness.一道亮光划破黑暗。

668、ready a.（for）准备好的，现成的； 甘心的

You must also be ready to devote a great deal of time to training the dog when it is young and give it the exercise it needs throughout its life，unless you live in the countryside and can let it run freely.当狗还小的时候你必须做好花费大量时间来训练它的准备，并且要终生使它活动，除非你住在乡下，可以让它自由活动。

669、reasonable a.合理的，有道理的； 通情达理的； 适度

If prices have been stable and people consider that they are reasonable，they are likely to buy.如果价格稳定并且人们认为价格合理就会购买。670、recall v.回忆，回想； 撤销，收回

No one can possibly recall any detail about the meeting.没有人能够回忆起会议的细节。

671、recognition n.认出，辨认； 承认

She received recognition for her many achievements.她的许多成就得到了认可。

672、recognize（=recognise）v.认出，识别； 承认

Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or understand body language than younger people do.其他研究表明，老年人通常比年轻人更容易识别或者理解肢体语言。

673、record n.录，记载； 最高记录； 最佳成绩； 履历，经历； 唱片v.记录 The doctor keeps a record of all the serious illnesses in the village.这个医生保存了这个村庄所有严重疾病的记录。674、recommend v.推荐，介绍； 劝告，建议 Can you recommend a good dictionary? 你能推荐一本好词典吗？

675、recover v.收回，换回;（from）恢复，痊愈;重新找到 She soon recovered herself and stopped crying.她很快就恢复了常态，不哭了。

676、reduce v.减少，缩小； 简化，还原

The new government’s prime task is to reduce the level of inflation.新政府的主要任务是降低通货膨胀。

677、refer v.参考，查阅，查询；（to）提到，引用； 提交 The shop referred the complaint to the manufacturers.商店把投诉转交给制造商。

678、reference n.提及，参考，参考书目

Keep this dictionary for reference.这本词典留着作参考。

679、refrigerator(=fridge)n.冰箱，冷冻机，冷藏库 It is so hot.You should put the food into the refrigerator now.天太热了，你应该现在把食物放进冰箱。

680、regardless a.不留心的，不注意的；（of）不管 She is determined to do regardless of all consequences.她不顾一切后果，决心这样做。

681、regret v./n.遗憾，懊悔，抱歉

You want it badly enough you’ll do it regardless of any guilt or deep regret.你如此迫切地想得到它，就会不顾内疚、没有任何歉意地去做这件事。682、region n.地区，区域； 范围

I guess there are much less people in the Arctic regions than here.我想北极地区的人要比这里的少得多。683、register n./v.登记，注册； He registered the birth of his child.他登记了孩子的出生日期。

684、relate v.叙述，讲述； 使互相关联

第五篇：江苏 成人学位英语 作文

1.童年的快乐和痛苦

2.如何应付面试 3.超市

4.大学生应当做业余兼职吗

5.对参加生日聚会的回复

6.我对电子邮件的看法

7.住在城市-疯狂的念头

8.跳槽

9.年青人与老年人

10.电力与我们的生活

11.关掉你的手机

12.健康的生活方式

13.教育——为走上社会作准备

14.打电话还是写信

15.应聘信

16.投诉信

17.我喜欢的旅行方式1、、、、The Pleasures and Pains of Childhood童年的快乐和痛苦

Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult.If a child has good parents, he is fed , looked after and loved, whatever he may do.It is improbable that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return.In addition , life is always presenting new things to the child————things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well————known.A child finds pleasure in playing in the rain , or in the snow.His first visit to the seaside is a marvelous adventure.But a child has his pains : he is not so free to do as he wishes as he thinks older people are :he is continually being told not to do things , or being punished for what he has done wrong.His life is therefore not perfectly happy.2、、、、How to Behave in an Interview如何应付面试

In order to make a good impression during a job interview , you need to prepare yourself for it.You must arrive in plenty of time for the interview , so that you give yourself a little time to relax before the interview begins.The impression you make as you walk into the room is very important.Try to find out if the company or organization has rules about dress.Then try to dress according to their regulations.You also need to plan what you are going to say.In some interviews you will have to do a lot of talking , and in others you will only have to answer a few questions about your education and experience.You need to have answers ready about yourself , your schoolwork , your strong points , your reasons for applying for the job , and the salary you expect.You will also be allowed to ask some questions.The questions you ask will show the interviewer that you have given careful thought to the position.You can ask questions like these: What duties will I have to do in the job ? Does the company provide health insurance? Does the company provide opportunities for further education?3、、、、Supermarkets超市

People all over the world shop in supermarkets.When you enter supermarkets , you will see shelves loaded with goods.You will hear soft , light music as you walk along the aisles , Food in supermarkets seem to be very attractive.A large supermarket is a big business.In adition to food items , many other goods such as house wares , school supplies , toys , clothing , magazines and even books are sold in supermarkets.It is a place where housewives frequent.It tries to meet her needs so that when she leaves, she’ll shop nowhere else.Supermarkets are becoming more and more popular.There is no doubt about it ————more and more housewives around the world will soon be standing in the check-in line.4、、、、Should College Students do Part-time Jobs? 大学生应当做业余兼职吗

Most students think that doing part-time jobs when studying at college can provide them with an opportunity to get in touch with the society.Also , some students do part-time jobs to support themselves.They are said to work through college.However , it’s not easy to find jobs which are suitable for students.Some jobs requiring long hours of tedious work under tough conditions may do harm to their health.Besides , some jobs may expose them to the negative aspects of society————dishonesty and corruption.Therefore, students should take a second thought in deciding whether they should do part-time jobs or what kind of jobs they should choose.If they are lucky enough to take a good job , it will benefit them enormously.Otherwise , it may waste their time and their energy.5、、、、A Reply to a Birthday Party 对参加生日聚会的回复

Dear Henry, Happy birthday to you!I got the invitation to your birthday party yesterday morning.Thanks so much for inviting me to join in your party.I tried hard to reschedule my activities, but I am sorry to tell you that I will not be able to join you.My boss and I have to leave for shanghai next week for an international trade affair.There is not any possibility of canceling it.I will go to see you as soon I am back I am sure you will have a great fun at the party!Sincerely yours, Jane6、、、、My View on E-mail我对电子邮件的看法

Electronic mail , or E-mail for short , is a new way of communication by means of computers.Fast , cheap and convenient, E-mail is so popular that it has become an indispensable means of communication.Millions of computers all over the word have been connected to form a global network, namely the Internet, You can send and receive by E-mail documents , letters and papers to anyone in other countries in no time.By using E-mail you can also store ,delete, compile information.In a word, E-mail helps you overcome spatial and time limitations in communication.With the rapidly growing popularity of computers and the expansion of information highway , E-mail is expected to play a more and more important role in our lives.7、、、、Living in a City-a Crazy Idea住在城市-疯狂的念头

Tired of the city life, some city-dwellers opt for city suburbs as their residence.They are flocking there to avoid people-in the city, wherever you look, it’s people , people, people.It’s not strange for them complain about the living conditions in the city.It takes ages for a bus to get to you because the traffic on the roads has virtually come to a standstill.The subways which leave or arrive every few minutes are packed: an endless procession of human sardine tins.All the simple , good things of life like sunshine and fresh air are at a premium.Tall buildings blot out the sun.The flow of traffic goes on continuously and the noise never stops.Decades of years ago , people were crazy about crowding into the city.Now more and more people believe that only a madman would choose to live in a large modern city.8、、、、Career Hopping跳槽

Today , growing numbers of men and women are changing careers or getting second starts in careers that have greater appeal to them.Many of those who find that their work is unsatisfactory retrain themselves for a different occupation.Job changes and careers shifts occur at all ages.It is estimated that as many as one out of four male workers between the ages of twenty and twenty-five change their lines of work.About half that number do so between the ages of twenty-five and forty-for.Some married women combine child-rearing responsibilities with new career lines.Motives for changing careers vary widely , but many people move because they feel bored with the dull routine.For some , a second start grows out of the realization that what they want out of life is not what they are doing , and they decide to do what they enjoy.Most go back to school to get the training they need to make the shifts.9、、、、The Young and the old年青人与老年人

When the young man starts to earn his own living , he becomes free from discipline of school and parents;but at the same time he is forced to accept responsibilities.He can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes , and his room , but has to work if he wants to live comfortably.If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child , he will go hungry.And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison.If, however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health , he can have the great happiness of seeing himself make steady progress in his job and of building up for himself his own position in society.Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be;but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy.With old age should come wisdom and the ability to help others with advice wisely given.The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life;they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them;and , perhaps best of all, they can , if their life has been a useful one , feel the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest, leaving others to continue the fight.10、、、、Electricity and our life电力与我们的生活

Since its invention , electricity has found wide applications in industry , agriculture and scientific research.it is so essential to our daily life that , without electricity , we could not enjoy modern comforts because home appliances would function.Without electricity , we could not cook food , wash clothes and watch TV.Roughly , there are three ways to save electricity.First , we should produce electricity-saving home appliances.Second , remember to turn off the light when you leave a room.Lastly , we should change our way of life.Avoid as much as possible the “artificial life ” powered by electricity.11、、、、Turn off your mobile phone关掉你的手机

With the development of information technology and reduced price of communication products, the mobile phone has become a necessity for people.It is obvious that it shortens the distance between people and makes our life more convenient.Thanks to it , it’s easy for us to contact others anytime and anywhere.However, have you noticed that the mobile phone also brings embarrassment to people? It’s not rare to see people pressing the mobile phone to his ear and shouting loudly in public as if there were no one else present.It is more than likely that you have noticed that the mobile phones ring continuously on a formal occasion.People around them have to listen to the noise and they can’t concentrate on what they’re doing 12、、、、A healthy lifestyle健康的生活方

Dear James, I am glad to get your letter.Do you still feel stressful? As far as I know , a lot of people live in a way that is wearing themselves out.In fact , life doesn’t have to be like that.It is wise to bear an important principle in your mind ————————managing time.To make it simple , decide what you want in your life, and put that first.Whatever makes you feel good about yourself and your life, just do it!Take a nap, or a walk.Take time to play the piano.Stop bringing your briefcase home from the office.Fill more of your time with want-to-dos instead of have-to-dos.Each of us has to make choices and accept trade-offs.Anyhow, we should do something for ourselves.I hope you can manage your life!Stay cool!

Yours faithfully，Linda 13、、、、Education-preparation for society教育————————为走上社会作准备

Education is not an end, but a means to an end.In other words, we do not educate children for the purpose of educating them;our purpose is to fit them for life.Because of the development in modern education, many people avail of the opportunities to receive college education.But there are not enough positions for people with university degrees.Besides, some graduates refuse to do what they think “low” jobs————work with hands is thought to be indecent.In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us should do whatever job is suited to his brain and ability, and secondly, that we must realize that all jobs are necessary to society.14、、、、Making a phone call or writing a letter打电话还是写信

When there is a need to communicate with people, we either make a phone call or write a letter,.Some people like making a phone call while others prefer writing a letter.The advantage of phoning is evident.It is handy and fast.We can contact whomever we want to and talk with him right away.By making phone calls, people can discuss things as if they were in the same room.However, there are still some people who prefer to write letters.There is no doubt that letters are less expensive than long-distance calls.Besides it is a better choice for those who are not good at expressing themselves orally.However, it takes days, even weeks for a letter to reach its destination.Both making a phone call and writing a letter are effective means of communication.It seems advisable to make use of them both on different occasions.15、、、、A letter of application应聘信

Dear sir: I was pleased to see your ad in the newspaper on December 25th for a sales engineer.In July I will receive my bachelor’s degree in Electronic from Nanjing University, and I would like to be considered for the post.I believe I am a competitive candidate for your post because both my education and work experience meet your requirement.Besides degree courses concerning electronics, I also took such courses as marketing, Consumer Behavior Strategies.Last summer, I participated in an electronic project, from which I have gained practical experience in this field.I would welcome an opportunity to join your company because your post is what I’ve been preparing for.If you feel that I might be the right person for the job I would be ready for an interview at your convenience.I am looking forward to your reply!Sincerely yours, Zhou Fang 16、、、、A letter of complaint投诉信

Dear sir: I am writing to complain about one of your bus drivers, who was so rude to the passengers.Yesterday, I was taking the bus No.133 to school.It was about 9:30 in the morning.It was not the rush-hour and there were not many passengers on the bus.But the driver drove so fast and he didn’t slow down even when the bus turned round street corners.One of the passengers asked him to drive slowly but he did not listen.When the bus reached the next stop, a man stood up and walked toward the door.The driver stopped the bus so suddenly that the man could not keep his balance and fell on the floor.The driver didn’t make an apology and asked him to get off the bus right away.I think that public bus system should serve the public whole-heartedly.The safety of passengers should be the major concern.It is my sinc 17、、、、My favorite mode of travel我喜欢的旅行方式

With the improvement of people’s living standards, more and more people are making a holiday trip to places of interest.While many like to join package tours for convenience’s sake, I prefer to travel by myself.I like traveling on my own not only because it costs less but because it gives me freedom.Traveling on my own, I’m my own boss and can decide when to start or where to linger I can adjust my own plan.By contrast, in a package tour you’re deprived of such freedom as you are supposed to follow the agenda of the tour team.True, you may encounter inconveniences if you travel along;getting accommodations for the night and finding a place for meals might give you headaches.But nothing can be compared with freedom————the freedom which is vital to a preson who takes a holiday trip to be free from constrains of the routine life.Liu Yuan