语法中that的用法

第一篇：语法中that的用法

“that”在英文中是一个使用频率很高的单词。它有四种词性，并且句法及语法功能纷繁复杂。同学们如果不能熟练掌握其用法，很可能会形成英语学习的一种障碍，从而影响其学习兴趣和效率。现将that的用法总结归纳如下：

第一、that 用作形容词（后接复数名词时用those）。

它用来指已被提到的人或物；也可表对比，指两个中较远的那个。

What about that book you borrowed from me last month？

请注意，that 有时候在句子中具有喜欢或轻蔑等感情色彩。

that little son of his 他那个小宝贝儿子

That George！乔治那家伙！（含有轻蔑语气）

第二、that 用作代词。

1.that 用作指示代词（复数形式是those），其指代意义同形容词用法，同时它还可以用作定语从句中的先行词；还可为了避免重复，代替前述名词。That is what he told me.What is that(which)you have got in your hand? The price of rice is higher than that of flour.2.that 用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句。先行词可人可物，用法相当于who或which。（但是在下列情况下多用that：先行词既有人又有物时；先行词有形容词最高级、序数词、不定代词、very，only等修饰时；先行词是不定代词时）

He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.I think it one of the most wonderful films that the film company has ever produced.She has little information that is useful for our research.Is there anything that I can do for you?

请注意，that 在定语从句中作宾语时通常可省略。The books(that)I sent you will help you in your studies.第三、that 用作连词，引导名词性从句,状语从句和强调句。

1.that名词性从句。

①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。I didn't expect(that)he could win the championship.The teacher pointed out that Tom was not working hard enough.② 引导主语从句。通常采用it作形式主语的句型。

That the earth goes around the sun is known to everyone.（It is known to everyone that the earth goes around the sun.）

③引导表语从句。

The trouble is that we are short of money.④引导同位语从句。

引导同位语从句的that和引导定语从句的that是不同的。前者只起语法作用，在从句中不作任何成分；而后者在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。举例说明：

The news that he resigned from office surprised us.The idea that he holds is very common nowadays on campus.2.that引导状语从句 ①引导目的状语从句。

Bring it nearer that I may see it better.②引导结果状语从句。What have I done that he should be so angry with me? ③引导原因状语从句。

I am afraid that I will fail in the driving test.④引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然、尽管”。Difficult that/as the task was, they managed to accomplish it on time.⑤引导条件状语从句。意为“假使、假设”。

Supposing that you were in my position, what would you do?

On condition that you were lost in the desert, you should ask for help as soon as possible.3.引导强调句。

It is Mrs.White that makes the decision in her family, not her meek little husband.It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.第四、that用作副词。

1.that用作普通副词。

I was that/so angry I could have hit him.2.that用作关系副词。引导定语从句，可以代替when，where，why或 in which，常可省略。I will never forget the evening(that)/ when we went to the theatre.The house(that)/where I used to live has been knocked down.第五，与that 有关的常见重要短语。

1.in that，意为“既然、因为”。

Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us correct our mistakes.2.now that，意为“既然、由于”。

Now that they have taken matters into their hands, the pace of events has quickened.3.see(to it)that，意为“注意、务必做到、保证”。We will see to it that she gets home early.See to it that you are not late again.4.seeing that，意为“鉴于、由于”。

Seeing that it is 8 o'clock, we'll wait no longer.Seeing that he was busy with his work, I didn't disturb him.以上是that主要用法的概述，希望能对大家有所帮助。当然，that还有其他的一些用法，需要我们在学习的过程中不断地积累和总结。

that既可作关系代词，又可作指示代词，用法很多，很多人都拿不准。现介绍 that的用法: 1.在there + be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。例如：

There are two novels that I want to read.我要读的有两本小说。

There is no work that can be done now.没有什么工作现在能做的了。

2.当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。例如：

This is the book that was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。

3.以Here is(are)开头的句子时。例如：

Here is a film that will move anyone.这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。

Here are two books that I will buy.这是我要买的两本书。

4.It is(high)time +定语从句中。例如：

It is time that we should have a rest.我们应该休息了。

It is high time that they started out.他们该动身了。5.当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者in which在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，常可省略。例如：

This is the way that my father did this work.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。

She admired the way in which I answered the questions.她羡慕我回答问题的方式。

6.在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或者which引导时，那么另一个从句用that引导。例如： He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest.他是我曾经看到过跳得最高的学生。

My brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isn’t far from here.我的弟弟在我们的城市最美丽的学校读书，并且离这儿不远。

7.当先行词被the last , the very 和the only修饰时。例如：

This is the very pen that I am looking for.这正是我找的钢笔。

The only book I want to read is missing.我唯一想看的书不见了。

8.在强调句子中，并且以who ,which, what开头时。例如：

Who was it that was lost ? 究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who来代替that，避免重复。）What was it that you did last week? 你上周究竟做什么了？

9.当先行词有序数词时。例如：

You are the first person that I want to ask for.你是我要见的第一个人。

This is the second book that I have ever written.这是我写的第二本书。

10.当先行词被all, every, no , some, few , little, much, both等修饰时，例如：

This is all that I want to say at the meeting.这就是我在会上要说的。

Have you any books that are worth reading? 你有值的看的书吗？

11.当先行词既指人又指物时。例如：

The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them.我听说的那位教授和他的成就得到他们的赞美。

Let’s talk about the persons and the things that we can remember.让我们谈论能够想起的人和事。

12.当先行词为anything、everything、nothing时，关系代词用that,不用which；但用something时，用which或者that均可。例如： Everything we have seen in China is moving.我们在中国看见的东西件件感人。

I have nothing that is worth reading.我没有什么值得一读的东西。

13.当先行词是疑问代词who时。例如：

Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess? 你曾见过谁能在棋艺上打败他？ 在there + be 的句型中，句子的主语是先行词，而且又是物。例如：

There are two novels that I want to read.我要读的有两本小说。

There is no work that can be done now.没有什么工作现在能做的了。

2.当先行词为主句的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时。例如：

This is the book that was bought yesterday.这就是昨天买的书。

Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.我们的学校不再是以前的学校了。

3.以Here is(are)开头的句子时。例如：

Here is a film that will move anyone.这是一部将使任何人受感动的电影。

Here are two books that I will buy.这是我要买的两本书。

4.It is(high)time +定语从句中。例如：

It is time that we should have a rest.我们应该休息了。It is high time that they started out.他们该动身了。

5.当先行词是way等词时，关系代词用that或者in which在定语从句中作方式状语时，在口语中，常可省略。例如：

This is the way that my father did this work.这就是我父亲做此工作的方式。

She admired the way in which I answered the questions.她羡慕我回答问题的方式。

6.在双重限定性定语从句中，如果一个从句用who或者which引导时，那么另一个从句用that引导。例如： He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest.他是我曾经看到过跳得最高的学生。

My brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isn’t far from here.我的弟弟在我们的城市最美丽的学校读书，并且离这儿不远。7.当先行词被the last , the very 和the only修饰时。例如： This is the very pen that I am looking for.这正是我找的钢笔。

The only book I want to read is missing.我唯一想看的书不见了。

8.在强调句子中，并且以who ,which, what开头时。例如： Who was it that was lost ? 究竟是谁迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who来代替that，避免重复。）

What was it that you did last week? 你上周究竟做什么了？

补充：法指导：关系代词that的用法：

1）不用that的情况

a)在引导非限定性定语从句时。

(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.b)介词后不能用。We depend on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况a)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

b)在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

c)先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。

d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.e)先行词既有人，又有物时。举例：

All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油问题。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

第二篇：德语语法中第一虚拟式的常见用法

德语语法中第一虚拟式的常见用法

1)sei + 第二分词，在报告，演说或论文中强调下文的必要性：

例子：

Es sei betont, dass

= Wir moechten betonen, dass

= Es ist zu betonen, dass

我们必须强调

Es sei bemerkt, dass

= Wir moechten bemerken, dass

= Es ist zu bemerken, dass

我们必须指出

Es sei darauf hingewesen, dass

= Wir moechten darauf hingewesen, dass

= Es ist hinzugewesen darauf, dass

我们对此必须指出

2)表示假设，推断或想象等：

例子：

Die Windgeschwindigkeit sei 10 km/min.= Wir nehmen an, dass die Windgeschwindigkeit 10 km/min.ist.假设风速为每分钟10公里。

3)表示第三人称的要求，命令，愿望或请求等：

例子：

Es lebe das Volk!

人民万岁！

Moege unser Vaterland bluehen und gedeihen!

愿祖国繁荣昌盛！

4)在专业术语中，则多用于药方，说明书等，用代词 man 来表示间接命令：

例子：

Man nehme eine Tablette nach dem Abendessen!

= Eine Tablette nach dem Abendessen nehmen!(这样的不定式有取代man虚拟式的趋势)

晚饭后吃一片儿！

5)第一虚拟式主要用与间接引语中：

例子：

直接引语

间接引语

第三篇：初中语法：be动词的用法

★Be动词的形式和搭配：

1.be 动词am, is ,are 的原行，be动词在句中运用时，在一般现在时句中，需根据句子主语的不同，选择用am, is, are，而be动词一般不直接用在句中。

am, is, are 在句中的用法（我用am，你用are , is用于他、她、它，复数全部都用are.）：

(1)am 是，“am”要与第一人称代词“I”连用，即，只有句子主语为“I”时，“I”与“am”缩写形式为I’m.如：I am a student.I am Michell.(2)is 是，“is”用在句子主语为单数时，或不可数名词时使用。其缩写形式为 He’s , She’s, It’s.如：He is twelve.She is my sister.It is a clock.(3)are 是，“are”用在句子的主语为you，表示有两个或两个以上数目的复数名词，代词以及“and”连接的两者或多者一起构成的主语时。其缩写形式为 you’re.（习惯上）

如：You are a student.Tom and I are good friends.注意：am , is , are 与前面的代词或名词的缩写形式只用在句中，且在它们之后还有其他词时；如果无其他单词时，则不应将它缩写。

如:---Are you Michell?

---Yes, I am.(此时的I 与am 不能缩写)2.Be 动词的否定形式的变化：

否定句：只需要在be（am, is, are）后面加上not 就行。但要注意缩写形式。

如：I am not a student.You aren’t a teacher.He isn’t a good man.There isn’t a pen.There aren’t some bags in the shop.(am not , is not=isn’t

are not =aren’t)总结：am 一般与not 一起时不缩写；is 与not 缩写为isn’t，are not 缩写为aren’t , isn’t 和aren’t 在句中运用时，不管后面有无其他单词都可以用，不用分开写。

如：a.----Is that an English book?

----No, it isn’t.b.We aren’t teachers.We’re students.3.一般疑问句：只需要把be动词提到句子开头就行，第一个字母要大写。

Are you a good student? Yes, I am.Is he reading books? No, he isn’t.Is there a new school in your hometown(家乡)？Yes, there is.Are there your parents and your grandparents in your family? Yes, there are.★be动词的四种功能用法：

1.功能一，系动词be

be为连系动词，中心词义是“是”，句型为“主＋系＋表”结构。

be的形式常用am, is, are(现在式)；was, were(过去式)；will/can/may/must be(助动词/情态动词＋原形)；have/has/had been(助动词＋过去分词)等。如：

To help animals is helping people.(一般现在时)

The twins were very busy yesterday.(一般过去时)

It will be sunny tomorrow.(一般将来时)

She has been ill for over a week.(现在完成时)

2.功能二，助动词be

助动词be，无词义，辅助主要动词一起在句中作谓语动词。用法如下：

a.be+doing：构成进行时态，有现在和过去两种进行时态。如：

The girls is reading and copying the new words now.Young Tom was always asking questions and trying out new ideas.b.be+done：构成被动语态(主语是动作的承受者，done必须是及物动词)。如：

Tea is grown in my hometown.(一般现在时的被动语态)

This building was built three years ago.(一般过去时的被动语态)

Our classroom has been cleaned and tidied already.(现在完成时的被动语态)

How could this kind of cakes be made in your home?(含情态动词的被动语态)

That is a day never to be forgotten.(动词不定式的被动语态)

c.be+going to do，表示“打算或将要做某事”，be有现在和过去两种形式。如：

We are going to plant trees in the park.I didn't know if she was going to come here.d.be+to do，表示“按计划安排将要做某事”。如：

The new shop is not to be opened till next Monday.One night an angel came to Mary and told her that she was to have this special boy.3.功能三，there be

there be句式为：there be+主语部分＋状语部分，表示“某处存在某物”，be常用现在时，过去时和将来时等。如：

Oh, cool!And there are many things to see.There is even a deer park in Sanya.There are about 80 pyramids in Egypt.Will there be a football match in your school next week?

4.功能四，实义be

可以将be视为实义动词，因为它具有实际的词义，如“成为;做;发生;举行;逗留;到达”等。如：

His daughter wants to be a doctor for animals in her twenties.Kate's birthday party will be at half past six this evening.Jim has been in China for more than two years, but he has not yet been to Yichang.

第四篇：小升初英语重点语法--Happen用法小结

小升初英语重点语法--Happen用法小结

生活中什么事都可能会“发生(happen)”。那么，你知道怎样使用happen这个词吗?下面我们就对happen的用法作一小结。

happen是不及物动词，它的用法常见的有如下几种情况：

1.表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”，常用“sth.+ happen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达，此时主语应是事情。例如：

The story happened in 2003.这个故事发生在2003年。

An accident happened in that street.那条街上发生了一起事故。

2.表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”，要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达。例如：

A car accident happened to her this morning.今天上午她发生了交通事故。What happened to you? 你怎么啦?

3.表示“某人碰巧做某事”，要用“sb.+ happen+ to do sth.”这一结构来表达。例如： I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。

4.happen表示“碰巧或恰巧发生某事”时，还可用“It happens / happened that...”这一结构来表达。例如：

It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day.碰巧那天布莱恩和彼得在家了。It happened that he had to take part in a meeting that afternoon.碰巧那天下午他不得不参加一个会议。

注：that从句中的主语是人时，此种结构可以与“sb.+ happen + to do sth.”结构互换。例如：

It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day.= Brian and Peter happened to be at home that day.

第五篇：新概念英语第一册语法总结：need的用法

新概念英语第一册语法总结：need的用法

need的用法

• 表示“需要”时为实意动词，后面可以加名词，也可以加不定式： I need a pen.Do you need any beer? No, I don’t.I need to have a rest.Need doing=need to be done（表示被动）

The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered.花需要浇水。• need在否定时做情态动词使用：

You needn’t go so early.(=You don’t need to go so early.)Must I clean the desk right now? No, you needn’t.