第一篇：英语中it的用法及练习
英语中it的用法及练习
一、概述
在英语中，it的使用相当广泛，它既可用作代词，如人称代词（personal it）、指示代词（demonstrative it）及非人称代词（impersonal it）, 也可用作引导词（anticipatory it）和强调结构中的强调词（emphatic it）Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see who it is.有人在按门铃。去看看是谁。（人称代词）What’s this?这是什么？ It’s a book.这是一本书。（指示代词）
What a long way it is from Beijing to London!从北京到伦敦真远。（非人称代词）
It's best to plant trees in spring because it's warmer.春天是植树的最佳时节，因为天气更暖和。（作引导词）It was I who met him in the park last week.是我上星期在公园遇到他的。（强调结构中的强调词）
二、it作代词
1、用作人称代词（personal it）
代替前文提到过的事物，it作真实主语或宾语。
The frog is not a warm-blooded animal.It is a cold-blooded one.青蛙不是温血动物，它是冷血动物。My pen is missing.I can't find it anywhere.我的笔丢了，我哪儿也找不到它了。
I won't be back tonight.Please tell my wife about it.我今晚不回来了，请你向我妻子说一声。
I was disappointed with the film.I had expected it to be much better.我对这部电影很失望，我曾盼望它更好。
Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but it didn't help.汤姆的妈妈不停地告诉他要努力，但这没起作用。
2、用作指示代词（demonstrative it）
相当于this或that，it有时不特指某件东西，而代表前面已提到的或将会发生的某件事情。-Who is knocking at the door? —谁在敲门？-It's me.—是我。
I had a talk with the student.It was very helpful to her.我和那个学生谈了次话，对她非常有帮助。It happened during my stay in the United States.事情发生在我在美国的时候。-Whose exercise book is that? —谁的作业本？-It's his.—是他的。
3、用作非人称代词（impersonal it）
代词it可用来指除人以外的一切生物和事物，无阴阳性之分。可指时间、距离、度量、价值、自然现象（天气、气体、阴暗等）。
-What's the time? —“几点了？”-It's half past ten.—“十点半”（指时间）
It is late autumn now.现在是深秋。（指时间）
It is rather cold today, isn't it?今天很冷，是不是？（指天气）-How far is it from here to the station? —从这儿到车站有多远？-It's about two kilometers.-大约两公里。（指距离）
It is raining hard.雨下得很大。（指自然现象）
-What's the cost of the dictionary? 那本词典多少钱？ It is sixty-three.六十三元（指价值）
It did not snow much last winter.去年冬天雪下得不多。（指自然现象）
三、it作引导词
1、作形式主语（formal subject）
当主语是动词不定式短语、动词的-ing形式短语和主语从句时，为了避免头重脚轻，往往把主语放在谓语动词之后，习惯上用it作形式主语来指代后面的真实主语。这个it称为引导词（anticipatory）it，作形式主语，放在谓语动词后的主语是真正的主语。(1)代替不定式短语
Is it necessary to complete the design before National Day? 国庆节前完成这个设计有必要么？
In fact, it is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.事实上，在重要的足球比赛时，警察维持秩序很困难。
It's not easy to finish the work in two days.两天之内完成这个工作不容易。
It is better to build houses on rock than on sand.把房屋建在岩石上比建在沙地上要好。It is necessary to use a short-wave radio.使用短波收音机很有必要。It is not a good habit to stay up late.开夜车不是个好习惯。（2）代替动词-ing形式短语
It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
It is dangerous walking on thin ice.在薄冰上行走是危险的。It won't be any help my going with you.我跟你去也没什么帮助。Is it any good trying again?再试一次有用吗？（3）代替主语从句
It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.事实上，英语是公认的国际语言。It is a pity that you didn't go to see the movie.你没去看这个电影，真是可惜。
Has it been decided when we are to hold the sports meet?我们啥时候开运动会决定了没有？
It is known to all that Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.众所周知，克里斯托夫·哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。
Does it matter if he can't finish the job on time?如果他不能按时完成那工作要紧吗？
2、作形式宾语(formal object)当复合宾语中的宾语是动词不定式、动词-ing形式短语、宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语的后面，而把引导词it放在全句谓语动词和宾语补足语的中间。放在宾语补足语后面的宾语叫真正宾语，放在全句谓语动词和宾语补足语中间的引导词it叫形式宾语。（1）it代替不定式短语
I don't think it possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.我认为不进行大量的记忆学好英语是不可能的。
He feels it his duty to help others.他感到帮助别人是他的职责。
She found it very difficult to answer the question.她发现很难回答这个问题。
People in the west make it a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.西方国家的人们习惯为他们的亲戚朋友买圣诞礼物。
The little boy found it very interesting to study English.那小男孩发现学英语很有趣。(2）it代替动词-ing形式短语
I think it no use telling them.我认为告诉他们没用。
Do you consider it necessary sending more people over?你觉得再派一些人去有必要吗？ We think it a waste arguing with him.我们认为和他争吵是浪费时间。(3)it代替从句
I hate it when people talk with their mouths full我讨厌人们说话时嘴里吃东西。
They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.他们想向公众表明，他们所做的工作既重要又有必要。
We think it necessary that we(should)attend the meeting.我们认为我们去参加那个会议很有必要。They found it strange that no one would take the money.他们感到奇怪，谁也不要这笔钱。
四、it用在强调结构中
当我们要强调句子的某一部分（通常总是主语，宾语或状语）时，常用强调结构。其形式为“it is(was)+被强调的部分+who(that)+句子的其它成分”。在这种结构中，it无实际意义，它只帮助改变一个句子的结构，使某一成分受到强调。如I told her the news at the gate yesterday.这个句子就可借助it改为下列几种形式，各强调一个不同的成分。
1、强调的成分（1）强调主语
It was I that told her the news at the gate yesterday.昨天在大门口告诉她这个消息的是我。
It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.是你的能力很重要，而不是你从哪来或者你是谁。（2）强调宾语
It was her that I told the news at the gate yesterday.昨天在大门口我告诉消息的是她。It was a pen that he bought in the shop yesterday.他昨天在哪家商店里买的是一支笔。
(3)强调地点状语
It was at the gate that I told her the news yesterday.我昨天是在大门口告诉她这个消息的。It was in the bookstore that I met your brother the other day．（上海1990）
前几天我是在书店遇到你哥哥的。(4)强调时间状语
It was yesterday that I told her the news at the gate.我是昨天在大门口告诉她这个消息的。
It was not until 1920 that regular radio broadcasts began.直到1920年才开始正规的收音机广播。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized that she was a famous film star.直到她拿下墨镜我才认出她是著名的影星。
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.早在600年前第一座带有表面和时针的钟就造出来了。
2、使用“It is/was„that”强调句型要注意的几点
（1）被强调部分指人时，其后除了用that之外，也可用who或whom。强调的是主语时，使用who；强调的是宾语时，使用whom。
It was Mary who picked up the wallet.是玛丽拾到了那个钱包。
It was one of my old schoolmates whom I visited yesterday.我昨天去看的是我的一位老校友。It was Jack that I met in the park last week.我上星期在公园遇到的是杰克。It was her that I met in the park yesterday.昨天在公园时里我遇到的是她。(2)强调句的时态
一般说来，原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来各种时态，则用句型“It is....that(who, whom)...。”如果原句谓语动词是过去各种时态，则用句型“It was...that(who, whom)....”
It was only when I reread his poems recently that I began to appreciate their beauty.只是在最近我在读他的诗时才开始欣赏到它的美。
It is Smith who is leaving for Beijing tomorrow.是史密斯先生明天去北京。
(3)在强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不能用when、where、why或how，只用that。
It was because her mother was ill that she didn't go with us.就是因为她母亲病了，她才没跟我们一起去。
It was in Shanghai that the Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1, 1921.中国共产党是在上海于1921年7月1日建立的。
注意：可用“It is/was because„that„”结构强调because引导的原因状语从句，如上例所示，但不能用该结构强调由since或as引导的原因状语从句，如不能说:It is everybody is here that let's begin our discussion.也不能说: It was as it was raining hard that they had to stay at home.（4）强调“not...until”结构
在强调“not...until”结构中由until短语（或从句）表示的时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型“It is/was not until...that...。” 其中that从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。My father did not come until 12 o’clock last night.It was not until 12 o'clock last night that my father came home.昨晚直到十二点我父亲才回家。
It was not until his father came in that the boy began to prepare his lessons．直到她爸爸进来时，那个男孩才开始复习功课。
It was not until she came to see us that we knew her mother was ill in bed．直到她来看我们时，我才知道她妈妈卧病在床。
（5）在强调一般疑问句中的某一成分时，主句要用一般疑问句的语序。
Did this happen in Guangzhou?Was it in Guangzhou that this happened? 此事是在广州发生的吗？
Was it in 1969 that the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon？是在1969年美国宇航员成功登上月球的吗？
（6）特殊疑问句中只有疑问词可以强调，其强调结构是：“疑问词+is/was it +that … ？” When did you get to know her?When was it that you got to know her?你是在什么时候认识她的？（7）可以强调方式状语和以because引导的原因状语从句。
It was unwillingly that he did it for me.他是不情愿地替我做的那件事。
It was because he was ill that we had to come back early.正是因为他病了，我们才不得不早归。
（8）可以强调宾语补足语，当连系动词不是be，表语部分是名词性词组时，也可使用这种结构强调表语，但是，当连系动词是be时，不能强调表语。
It is white that they painted the house.他们把房子漆成的是白色。（强调宾语补足语）It is a chief engineer that he becomes now.他现在担任的是总工程师。（强调表语）
（9）强调句的谓语动词除了可采用现在时和过去时的单数形式外，有时根据需要还可采用复杂的形式。It must have been Mary that you saw just now.你刚才看到的一定是玛丽。
五、点击考点
1.no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.A.It has
B.There has
C.It is
D.There is
2.Was it in 1969
the American astronaut succeeded
landing on the moon? A.when;on B.that;on C.when;in D.that;in 3.Was
that I saw last night at the concert?A.it you
B.not you C.you
D.that yourself 4.There is a photo on the wall.a photo of Marx.A.It
B.It's
C.Its
D.He's 5.The teacher kept telling him that he should work harder, but
didn't help.A.it
B.he
C.which
D.she 6.Is
possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A.this
B.man
C.that
D.it 7.He felt
his duty to help the poor.A.it's
B.its
C.that
D.it 8.It
Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago.A.was
B.are
C.were
D.had been 9.How long
to finish the work? A.you’ll take
B.will take you C.you'll take it
D.will it take you
10.It was through Jack
Mary got to know Bob.A.who
B.whom
C.how
D.that 11.It was
I went there
I began to know something about the matter.A.until;when
B.until;that
C.not until;that
D.not when;that 12.is difference between A and B.A.There
B.It
C.Where
D.What 13.He said, “
a long way to school.a long way to go yet before we arrive.” A.It is;There is
B.There is;It is
C.It is;It is
D.There is;There is 14.Let's get through the work quickly.seems to be little time left now.A.It
B.There
C.That
D.Here 15.I lost my pen.I want to buy
.A.it
B.the one
C.one
D.that 16.Does
matter if he can't finish the job on time?A.this
B.that
C.he
D.it 17.My spelling book is missing.I can't remember where I put
.A.it
B.this
C.that
D.them 18.-Who's knocking at the door?
is the eighth of March today.A.The date B.Ther C.Today D.It 20.It is
who
wrong.A.me;me
B.me;is
C.I;am D.I;is 21.It was
late in the evening that her husband arrived home.A.after
B.when
C.till
D.not until 22.It was during the 1950s that the friendship between my father and your father reached
higher point.A.their
B.the
C.its
D.a 23.-Was that the new school master who walked by?-
.A.It must be that
B.It must have been C.He must be
D.This must have been 24.I can't quite remember
you started doing the work.A.that it was when
B.when it was thatC.when was it that
D.that was it when 25.I don't know
makes her afraid of having her business discussed.A.what it is about Mary that
B.that is it about Mary that C.what is it about Mary that D.that it is about Mary that 26.he made up his mind to take a trip to Europe? A.When was it that
B.That was it when
C.That it was when
D.When it was that 27.In summer _________ hotter in Shanghai than in Beijing.A.it is
B.it were
C.there is
D.this is 28._________ true that you met Premier Zhou once?A.Were it
B.Was it
C.Is it
D.Is there 29._________ in the city that I saw your friend yesterday.A.This is
B.That is
C.There is
D.It is
30.________that he has gone abroad.A.He is said
B.It is said
C.It was said D.It says
答案：1.D 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.C 16.D 17.A 18.D 19.D 20.C 21.D22.D23.B24.B25.A 26.A27.A28.C29.D30.B
第二篇：2017小学英语Be动词用法练习
小学英语Be动词用法
一、在下面的短文中填上恰当be动词。
I ______ a girl.My name _______ Mary.I ______ 12 years old.Here ______ my family photo.Look!These ______ my parents and those _______ my grandparents.This boy ______ my brother.He ________ 15 years old now.That ______ my cat, Mimi.It ______ very lovely.二、在下面的题目中填上恰当的Be动词。1.I ________ Kitty.2.She _______ a student.3.Jane and Tom _________my friends.4.My sisters _______ tall.5._______ there a table in the room? 6.There _____ some glasses on it.7.There ________many monkeys in the zoo.8.There_________ a beautiful rainbow in the sky.9.I _______ at school now.10.We ________ students.11.They ________ in the zoo.12.Yang Ling ________ ten years old.13.There ________ an apple on the plate.14.There ________ some milk in the glass 15.The cat _______ on the chair.16.There _________some water in the glass.17.There __________ some bread on the table.18.Where ________ your friends? 29.How old __________ you? be动词用法歌：
我用am,你用are，is连接他，她，它。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。
练习:
一、用am, is, are 填空
1)I _____
a student.2)You ____ a doctor.3)____she Kitty? 4)_____ you Chinese? 5)He _____ in Shanghai.6)It_____ a car.7)They ____ cars
8)____ your mother in the room? 9)_____your friends in the room? 10)What ____ your name? 11)These _____ buses.12)Those _____oranges.13)Where _____ your mother? 14)How old _____ your sister? 15)Where _____ you ? 照样子改写句子 例题：1.I __am___ a boy.you a boy? No, I _am__ not.2.The girl______ Jack’s sister.3.The dog _______ tall and fat.4.Miss Zhang _______ a teacher.5.______ your brother in the classroom? 6.She ______ at home.7.How _______ your father?
8.Mike and Kitty ______ in the zoo.9.This______ my dress.10.They _____ nice flowers.11.That ______ my red skirt.12.The books ______ on the desk.__Are_
13.Here ______ a card for you.14.Here ______ some sweaters for you.15.Who ______ I? 16.Who ______ you? 17.Who ______ she? 18.Who ______ Peter? 用be(is, am,are)动词的适当形式填空。
1）I ______ a boy.______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2）The girl______ Jack's sister.3）The dog _______ tall and fat.4）The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5）______ your brother in the classroom? 6）How _______ your father? 7）Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.8）Whose dress ______ this? 9）Whose socks ______ they? His.10）Who ______ I? 11）The jeans ______ on the desk.12）Here ______ a scarf for you.13）Here ______ some sweaters for you.14）The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.15）This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.16）The two cups of milk _____ for me.17）Some tea ______ in the glass.18）Gao Shan's shirt _______ over there.19）My sister's name ______Nancy.20）______ David and Helen from England? 21）There ______ a girl in the room.22）There ______ some apples on the tree.23）_______ there any apple juice in the bottle?
24）There _______ some bread on the plate.25）You, he and I ______ from China.26）There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I _______ at school just now.2.He ________ at the camp last week.3.We ________ students two years ago.4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.6.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.I ______ an English teacher now.8.She _______ happy yesterday.9.They _______ glad to see each other last month.10.Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.11.The little dog _____ two years old this year.12.Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.13.There ________ a sign on the chair last Monday..1、Helen____ a student
2、This _____my book.3、My father______a cook.4、Jack’s friend____in the study.5、Your mother_____ swimming.6、Your sister______in the study.7、Those jackets_______my sister’s.8、That______her dog.9、The cat_______on the desk.10、The books_______under the table.11、His sisters______running.12、This train____for Shanghai.13、The dress______too big.14、This book______for you.15、The waitress______my mother.16、Those grapes________green。17Thechildren________singing.18、Helen and I______in the classroom.19、I _____a doctor.20、______you a nur
系动词Be(am, is, are)的用法
一、请记住以下口诀：
我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它； 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。
二、Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
1．am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not = wasn’t）2．are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not = weren’t）3．带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和am,is, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
一、用am, is, are 填空
1.I ______ a boy.______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2.The girl______ Jack's sister.3.The dog _______ tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5.______ your brother in the classroom? 6.Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.7.How _______ your father? 8.Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9.Whose dress ______ this? 10.Whose socks ______ they? 11.That ______ my red skirt.12.Who ______ I ? 13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14.Here ______ a scarf for you.15.Here ______ some sweaters for you.16.The two cups of milk _____ for me.17.Some tea ______ in the glass.18.Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.19.My sister's name ______ Nancy.20.This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.21.______ David and Helen from England? 22.There ______ a girl in the room.23.There ______ some apples on the tree.24._______ there any kites in the classroom? 25._______ there any apple juice in the bottle? 26.There _______ some bread on the plate.27.There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.28.You, he and I ______ from China.二、用be动词的适当形式填空
1.I _______ at school just now（刚才）.2.He ________ at the hotel last week.3.We ________ students two years ago.4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago(刚才).5.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.6.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8.The phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.9.I ______ an English teacher now.10.She _______ happy yesterday.11.They _______ glad to see each other last month.12.Helen and Nancy ________ good friends.13.The little dog _____ two years old this year.14.Look, there ________ lots of grapes here.15.Today _____ the second of June.Yesterday ______ the first of June.It _____ Children’s Day.All the students ______ very excite
第三篇：英语中介词用法
英语介词有哪些、表示时间的介词称为时间介词.表示时间的介词有：at, on, in, before, after等.一、at, on和in ① at 表示：（在（某时刻、时间、阶段）,在……岁时）My cousin joined the army at fifteen.我表哥十五岁参的军.② on 表示：在（某日）,在周末,在……节日 He was born on the 15th of August in 1769.他出生于1769年8月15日.③ in 表示：在……事后,在……期间,在……年/月 She went to America in 2000.她2000年去了美国.at, on 和in 作时间介词的比较： ① at 表示具体时间点.② on 后可以跟表日期、星期、节日的词,还可以指具体某一天的早、中、晚.③ in 泛指一天的早、中、晚,还可以表示一段时间,如：周、年、月、季节等.二、before和after ① before 表示：在……之前 x09x09before eight o’ clock 八点之前 Spring comes before summer.夏天之前是春天.② after 表示：表示……之后x09x09after lunch 午饭之后 Come to my office after school.放学后请来我办公室.表示做某事的方法、手段的介词有by, with, in, at, on.一、by by表示：用,以,靠,通过……方式.by表示手段时后接动作或制作方式.“by + 交通工具”表示交通方式.by bike 骑车x09by bus 坐公车x09by taxi 搭出租 by train 坐火车x09by ship 乘船x09by air 坐飞机
Linda usually goes to work by subway.琳达通常做地铁上班.She makes a living by teaching.她考教书谋生.二、with with 表示：用,以.with表示手段时,后接工具、材料或具体内容.write with a pen 用钢笔写 eat with knife and fork 用刀叉吃 see with one’s eyes 用眼睛看 I killed the fly with a swatter.我用苍蝇拍打死那只苍蝇.She cut the cake with a knife.她用刀切开了蛋糕.三、in in 表示：用,以.in表示用某种方式,如：颜色、笔墨、语言、声音、服饰等.speak in English 用英语说 talk in a high voice 高声说话 I wrote a letter in ink.我用钢笔写了一封信.Try to express yourself in English.试着用英语表达一下.表示空间的介词有：at, in, on, over, above, under, below 等表示静态位置的介词和from, to, up, down, through, across 等表示动态方向的介词.一、at, on 和 in ① at 表示：（地点、位置）在…… ② on 表示：（位置）在……上面
③ in 表示：（地点、位置或空间）在……里,在……中,在……上 Her fans have arrived at the airport.她的影迷已经到达了机场.Look at the picture at the top of the page.请看以下这一项上面的图片.Is my pen on the desk or in the desk? 我的钢笔是在桌子上还是在抽屉里呢? Some kids are playing in the yard and others are playing in the room.有些孩子在院子里玩,其他则在房间里玩.at,on 和 in 作空间介词的比较
① at用于表示一个较小的场合,这个地点被当作一个点来看待.② on 表示在某一平面或线上,强调与某物体有接触.③ in 表示在较大的地方,在某立体空间或平面范围之内.二、about 和 around ① over 二者都表示：在……周围/各处,围绕.但 ② above about强调无方向.We walked about in the town.我们在城里到处游逛.Dudu is running around the fence.嘟嘟在绕着篱笆跑.Let’s plant trees around the house.让我们在房子周围栽上树.三、over 和 above ① under 表示：在……正上方,越过
② above 表示：在……上方
I saw a wood bridge over the river.我看见河上有座木桥.Look!Some birds are flying above the clouds.看!一些鸟儿在云朵上飞翔.over和above作空间介词的比较
① over强调在某人或某物的正上方,而且两物体表面没有接触.② above 强调位置上某物体的上方,并不一定是正上方,而且两物体表面也没有接触.四、under 和 below ① under 表示：在……的正下方
② below 表示：在……下方
Please read the words below the picture.请读图片下面的文字.Look!A big mouse hides under the armchair.看!一只大老鼠躲在扶手椅下面.under 和 below 作空间介词的比较
① under 强调在某物的下方,完全覆盖两物体表面可以接触也可以不接触.② below 强调位置低于某参照物,但并不一定是正下方.五、between 和 among ① between 表示：（位置、时间、数量等）在……之间（两者之间）② among 表示：在……中间（三者或三者以上之间）I often fly between Beijing and Shanghai.我经常在北京和上海之间飞来飞去.Come here between eight and nine o’ clock.请把点到九点之间过来.Susan is among the crowd.苏珊是人群当中.六、into 和 out of ① into 表示：进来 ② out of 表示：出去 Get out of the room.从房间里出去!Bob walked into the room.鲍勃走进房间.He is working in the office.她在办公室里工作.七、behind 和 in front of ① behind 表示：在……后面
② in front of 表示：在……前面
There is a fountain in the front of the park.公园的前面有一个喷泉.Susan sits in front of me and Dudu sits behind me.苏珊坐在我前面,嘟嘟坐在我后面.八、up 和 down ① up 表示：往上,向……顶上 ② down 表示：往下,沿着……往下 The monkey is climbing up the tree.猴子正在往树上爬.Tears ran down her face.眼泪从她的脸上流了下来.九、across 和 through ① across 表示：穿过,跨过
② through表示：穿过,通过
There is a bridge across the river there.那儿有座桥横跨在河上.A train is running through the tunnel.一列火车正从隧道中穿过.十、by 和 near ① by 表示：在……旁边
② near 表示：在……附近
Come over here and stand by me.过来站在我旁边吧.We are planning to camp by the lake.我们打算到湖边露营.There are some big apple trees near the house.房子附近有一些大苹果树.The new hospital is near our school.新医院里我们学校不远.十一、其他空间介词 ① along 表示：沿着,顺着
② to 表示：到……,去……,向…… Let’s walk along the street.让我们沿着街散散步.We drove along the freeway.我们驱车沿着高数公路行驶.The child pointed to the polar star.那孩子指着北极星.I’m going to the bakery.我想要去那家糕饼店.*第一个to表示“指”的方向、目标.第二个to表示到达的目的地.除了按上面介绍表示时间关系、空间关系、方式、手段等的介词外,还有一些重要的介词:
一、of 的用法
① of 表示：……的（表示所属、所有关系）a cover of this book 这本书的封皮
a friend of my parents 我父母的一个朋友
② of 表示：……之中的（表示部分）some boys of the team 小组里的几个男生 the end of the story 故事的结尾
Two students of our class joined in the match.我们班里的两个同学参加了这场比赛.All of us approved his plan.我们全都赞成他的计划.③ of 表示：……份/量的,……的种类的（表示量、种类）a drop of water 一滴水
a pair of shoes 一双鞋
I want two cups of coffee.我要两杯咖啡.二、with 的用法
① with 表示：具有,有……的,随身带着 It is a dog with black spots.它是一只长着黑色斑点的狗.Take an umbrella with you.带把雨伞吧!② with表示：和……一起,同……一起,偕同 I went to Disneyland with my mother.我和妈妈一起去了迪斯尼乐园.Jane likes to play with Mimi.简喜欢和咪咪玩耍.③ with 表示：随着……
The wine improves with age.这种酒越陈越香.I get up with the sun every day.我每天日出就起床.三、for 的用法
① for 表示：为了……（表示目的、用途、利益）Give me a knife for cutting bread.给我一把切面包的刀子.I’ve found it for you.我已经为你找到了它.What can I do for you? 我能为你做些什么吗? ② for 表示：一段距离或时间 He has run for a mile.他跑了一英里.I’ve studied in Beijing for three years.我在北京学习三年了.Please bake the cake for 40 minutes.请将蛋糕烤四十分钟.③ for 表示：因为,由于（表示原因）Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助.Andy jumped for joy at the good news.安迪听到这个消息高兴的跳了起来.We could hardly see for the mist.由于大雾,我们几乎看不见了.四、like 的用法
① like表示：像……（一样）,似……（一样）They are like brothers and sisters.他们情同手足.② like 表示：是什么样子,怎样 Andy looks just like his father.安迪和他爸爸像极了.五、from 的用法
① from 表示：（时间或场所）从……,自…… We work from Monday to Friday.我们周一到周五上班.Charlie will fly from New York to London.查理要从纽约飞往伦敦.The cat jumped down from the top of the wall.猫从墙头跳了下来.② from 表示（两地的距离）离
The nearest hospital is 10 miles from my house.最近的医院离我家十英里远.We live about 5 kilometers from Boston.我们住在离波士顿约五公里的地方.③ from 表示：出自……,来自……
Did you have a(phone)call from him? 你接到他的电话了吗? Where are you from? 你来自哪里? Susan got a letter from her aunt.苏珊收到一封她姨妈的来信.六、at, about, to 和 in 的其他用法
① at 表示：对着……, 朝着……,向……（表示方向,目标）He threw a bone at the dog.他用一块骨头砸狗.Please look at the blackboard.请看黑板.Jack shot at the deer but missed.杰克朝鹿开了一枪,但是没有打中.② about 表示：关于……,涉及…… He told me a story about ghosts.他给我讲了一个鬼故事.Don’t worry about me.不要担心我.They are talking about English learning.他们在谈论英语学习.③ to 表示：对于,给,向（表示对象）Jane is always very kind to others.简总是对别人很友善.Please send some food to them.请给他们送些食品去.Have you told all the news to John? 你把全部的消息都告诉约翰了吗? ④ in 表示：穿着,戴着 Who is the man in black? 那穿黑色衣服的人是谁? Tom is in a purple hat.汤姆戴着紫色帽子.The girl in uniform is Mary.穿校服的那个女孩是玛丽.
第四篇：英语中介词用法总结
一.介词
1.At 表示时间：在.......时刻，在........点钟。
at seven o'clock 在7点钟 at noon 在中午 at midnight 在半夜 at dawn 在黎明 The plane will take off at eight o’clock.飞机将在8点起飞。We have lunch at noon.中午我们吃午饭。.表示地点：在........（常用于较小地方）。
at school 在学校
at home 在家
we meet at the bus stop。我们在公交车点见面。
He lives at a small village.他住在一个小村庄里。表示位置：在.........旁边。
There is a bag of rice at the door.在门旁有一袋大米。表示方向
He aimed at the little bird.他瞄准那只小鸟。
He pointed at the boy in blue coat.他指着穿蓝色上衣的那个小孩。表示状态
The two countries were at war.那两个国家在打仗。表示速度.价格等
The book is sold at two Yuan.这本书卖两元钱。
2.In 表示时间：与年 月 周 季节 早晨 下午或晚上等名词连用。in 1998 在1998年
in October 在10月份 in a week 一周内
in the morning 在上午
in the afternoon 在中午 in the evening 在晚上 in spring 在春季 I'll come back in a week.我将一周后回来。
He became a doctor in 1986.他在1986年成了一名医生。表示地点
场所（此时多指大的地方）。
China is in Asia.中国位于亚洲。I live in Shanghai.我住在上海。表示穿着 带着（衣服 帽子等）
The girl in red is Li Ming’s sister.穿红衣服的女孩是李明的姐姐。There is a wolf in sheep's clothes.这是一只披着羊皮的狼。表示用某种语言
Can you sing the song in English? 你能用英语唱那首歌吗？ Please read the text in Chinese.请用中文读这篇课文。
3.On 1)表示时间：具体到某一天或某一天的上午.下午或晚上。on Monday 在周一
on May 1st 在5月1号
on Sunday morning 在星期天的早晨 on the morning of June 2nd 在6月2号的上午。2)表示位置：在.......上，与物体接触。
There is a map on the wall.墙上有一张地图。He works on a farm.他在一个农场工作。3)表示“关于”
We will have a talk on the history of the Party this afternoon.今天下午我们要听有关党史的报告。
This is a book on science.这是一本有关科学方面的书。4）引申意义表示“从事......”“处于......情形”。
He is on duty today.今天他值日。They are on holiday.他们在度假。
4.During 表示“在......时候”（某段时间里）
Where are you going during the holiday? 假期里你要到哪儿去？ 表示“在......期间”
He gave us a lot of help during his stay here.他在此逗留期间给了我们许多帮助。during the childhood 在孩提时代 during the summer 在夏季
第五篇：英语中方位介词用法
体验式英语教育先锋美联英语
英语中方位介词用法
介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语，定语或介词宾语。at ,in, on, to at(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在„„附近，旁边” in(1)表示 在大地方;(2)表示“在„范围之内”。on 表示毗邻，接壤
to 表示在„„范围外，不强调是否接壤 He arrived at the station at ten.He is sitting at the desk.He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.Jiangsu lies in the east of China.Russia live on the north of China.Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.2)above, over, on 在„„上
above 指在„„上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对;over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。on表示某物体上面并与之接触。The bird is flying above my head.There is a bridge over the river.He put his watch on the desk.3)below, under 在„„下面 under表示在„正下方
below表示在„„下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table.体验式英语教育先锋美联英语
Please write your name below the line.方位介词
1.at表示“在......处”，一般指较小的比较具体的地点。
如： He isn't at school.He is at home.他不在学校，他在家。
2.in表示“在......内部;在......里面”的意思。如： What is in the box? 盒子里有什么? 3.on表示“在某物的上面”，但两者互相接触。
如：My books are on that table.我的书在那张桌子上。4.under表示“在某物垂直的正下方”，两者之间不接触。如：My cat is under my chair.我的猫在我的椅子下。
5.behind表示“在某物体的后面”。如：The broom is behind the door.笤帚在门后。6.in front of表示“在......的前面”，正好与behind相反。
如： There are some big trees in front of our classroom.我们教室前面有几棵大树。7.near表示“在某物体的附近”，意为“接近、靠近”。如： The ball is near the door.球在门旁边。巧用介词表方位
当我们在谈论物品的位置关系时，常用下列表达方式： 1.—— Where's Sandy's sweater? 桑迪的毛衣在哪儿? —— It's on the bed.在床上。
2.—— Is the football under the chair? 足球在椅子下面吗? —— Yes, it is.是的，是在椅子下面。
3.—— Is Shenzhen near Taiwan Or Hong Kong? 深圳在台湾附近还是在香港附近? —— It's near Hong Kong.在香港附近。
(1)on 表示在某物的上面，指与某物体相接触。如： The map of China is on the wall.中国地图挂在墙上。
体验式英语教育先锋美联英语
His coat is on the chair.他的上衣在椅子上。
(2)under 表示在某物垂直的正下方，两者之间不接触。如： My pen is under the desk.我的钢笔在桌子下。(3)behind 表示在某物的后面。如：
There is a tree behind the house.房子后面有棵树。
(4)in 表示在场所、地点或位置里，意为“在„„之内”、“在„„里面”。如： Your pencil is in the pencil-box.你的铅笔在铅笔盒里。Nanjing is in Jiangsu Province.南京在江苏省。
(5)in front of 表示“在„„的前面”，与 behind 恰好相反。如： My sister stands in front of my father.我妹妹站在我父亲前面。(6)near 表示在某物的附近，意为“接近，靠近”。如： My house is near the lake.我的房子位于湖畔。
(7)over 表示在某物的垂直正上方，与 under 正好相反。如： The light is over the desk.灯在课桌的正上方。
[ 问题爷爷 ] 魔力宝贝，“书在桌子上”一句译为英文时是“ The book on the desk.”吗? [ 魔力宝贝 ] 简直大错特错。凡是 in、on、under、near、behind、in front of、over 等介词后面加名词表示方位时，不要忘掉动词“ be ”。上句应说成： The book is on the desk.这与汉语的表达形式有所不同。
[ 问题爷爷 ] 魔力宝贝，你真了不起，所有难题你都能迎刃而解。所谓“活到老，学到老(It's never too old to learn.)”，问题爷爷真是跟你学到了不少东西。
[ 魔力宝贝 ] 谢谢夸奖。同学们课后有时间一定要把已学的表方位的介词短语归纳一下，集中记忆将会助你学习成功。
点击咨询 