英语写作中复合句的用法

第一篇：英语写作中复合句的用法

英语写作中复合句的用法

英语中的复合句主要分为名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句这三种，使用复合句增强句子之间的逻辑关系，可以使你的句子变得紧凑。

（1）Children grow older.They prefer to be more independent rather than be at the mercy of their parents.When children grow older, they prefer to be more independent rather than be at the mercy of their parents.（2）I was very excited.I couldn’t express myself in words.I was so excited that I couldn’t express myself in words.（3）We will have a further discussion.We draw a final conclusion.We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion.（4）The economy in this area is developing rapidly.The qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory.Although the economy in this area is developing rapidly, the qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory.（5）You are allowed to drive my car.You should drive carefully and slowly.You are allowed to drive my car on condition that/ as long as you should drivecarefully and slowly.（6）The teacher had read my composition.He gave me his opinion.After the teacher had read my composition, he gave me his opinion.（7）You have got the secret.Please don’t spread it in public.If you have got the secret, please don’t spread it in public.（8）They arrived at the farm.They were welcomed by the farmers.The moment/As soon as they arrived at the farm, they were welcomed by the farmers.（9）The International Red Cross is an organization.Its purpose is to help the sick and the needy.The International Red Cross is an organization whose purpose is to help the sick and the needy.（10）I decided to find a job.I could earn the money.I decided to find a job so that I could earn the money.

第二篇：高中生高考英语写作复合句写法小结

高中生高考英语写作复合句写法小结

更新日期：2011-8-27 有1032位读者读过此文

高考英语写作专题 如何写好复合句

在英语中，包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。如果一个句子包含两个或更多的主谓结构，其中有一个或更多的更多的主谓结构充当句子的某一个成分，这个句子就叫复合句。复合句分为名词性从句、定语从句(形容词性从句)和状语从句(副词性从句)。其中，名词性从句又分为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。定语从句

修饰名词或代词、用作定语的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句的特点是：从句前面有个各词或代词（先行词），从句必须由关系代词或关系副词引导。关系代词有who, whom, which, that, as, 它们在从句中做主语或宾语：whose在从句中做定语，whose后必须有一个名词。如whose parents, whose top等。

关系副词有：when, where, why，在从名中只能做状语。

注：运用定语从句必须注意两点：由关系代词或关系副词所替代的成分在从句中不能重复出现：定语从句与简单句一样，也要求句子结构既正确又完整。

如：将下列每组句子连成一个含定语从句的复合句，并分析定语从句成分。1.The foreigner is from Canada.He visited our class.The foreigner who(主语)visited(谓语)our class(宾语)yesterday is from Canada.2.Mrs.Wang is the teacher.Her son was admitted to Beijing University.Miss Wang is the teacher whose(定语)son(主语)was admitted(谓语)(whose后有son, who代her)to Beijing University.3．Our teacher told us such a story.It moved us all to tears.Our teacher told us such a story as(主语)moved(谓语)us all(宾语)(as代it做主语, it不重复出现)to tears.4．I will never forget the days.We worked in that small town in those days.I will never forget the days when we(主语)worked(谓语)in that small town.定语从句练习：

（一）将下列每组句子连成一个含定语从句的复合句，并分析定语从句的成分。1.The noodles were delicious.I cooked the noodles.______________________________________________________________ 2.The factory is in the west of the city.His father works in that factory.______________________________________________________________ 3.They planted the trees.The trees didn’t need much water.______________________________________________________________ 4.I have a friend.Her father is an engineer.______________________________________________________________

（二）把下列句子译成英语。

1．他去年写的那本书深受读者欢迎。2．我妈妈教书的那所学校建于1930年。

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3．那个在会上做报告的人是我们的校长。4．她就是那个语音很好的女孩。

名词性从句 比较下列两组句子：

1)Your explanation(主语)sounds(连系动词)reasonable(表语).(只有一个主谓结构，简单句)What you said just now(主语从句)sounds（连系动词）reasonable(表语).(主语包含一个主谓结构，复合句)2)I(主语)believe(谓语)your honesty(宾语).(只有一个主谓结构，简单句)I(主语)believe(谓语)that you are honest(宾语从句).(宾语包含一个主谓结构，复合句)主语从句What you said just now中的What，宾语从句that you are honest中的that都是引导从句的关联词。从句的结构一般说来和简单句的一样，只不过从句前多了一个关联词。

了解并正确使用关联词是写好名词性从句的关键，引导名词性从句的关联词的词义的用法见下表： 类别 词义 在从句中的作用

连词that 无任何词义 仅起连接作用，不做成分 连词whether, if 意为“是否” 起连接作用，不做成分

连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 有各自含义 连接从句，并在从句中充当主语、表语、宾语、定语

连接副词how, when, why, where, however, whenever, wherever 有各自含义 连接从句，并在从句中充当状语 如：1)That he didn’t pass the examination disappointed his mother.(主语从句，that没有意义，在从句中不充当任何成分)注：引导主语从句的that不能省略，如在上句中，如果省去that，子结构混乱，是典型的“汉语式英语”；有了that，就很容易看出that 是连词，引导主语从句That he didn’t pass the examination，整个句子结构是“主语+谓语+宾语”。2)The question is who will be elected president of the country.(表语从句，who意为“谁”，在从句中作主语)3)You can give it to whomever you like.(宾语从句，whomever意为“任何人，无论谁”，在从句中作宾语)4)I can’t remember where I have read this article.(宾语从句，where意为“哪里”，在从句中作状语)注：名词性从句中有一个问题需特别注意：it做形式主语，it做形式主语。it做形式主语常用的句型：It is + 形容词 + that„ It is + 过去分词 + that„

It matters/doesn’t matter + that/whether„

eg: It(形式主语)is(系动词)necessary(表语)that you inform him of the date for the meeting at once.(真主语)(从句)It(形式主语)was said(谓语)that he used to be manager of a big company.(真主语)(从句)It(形式主语)matters a lot(谓语)whether you can raise enough money for the project.(真主语)(从句)it做形式宾语的句型：

主语+谓语+it（形式宾语）+形容词/名词（宾语补足语）+从句（真主语）/不定式

eg: We(主语)consider(谓语)it(形式主语)a great honour(宾补)that we can host the 2008 Olympic Games.(真宾语)They(主语)found(谓语)it(形式主语)difficult(宾补)(形容词)to communicate with the local people.(真主语)名词性从句练习：

（一）用that, whether/if, what(ever), who(ever), whom(ever), whose, which(ever), when, why, how, where填空。Everyone knew 1_______Andy was a famous writer, but no one knew 2_______she came from and 3_______she was born in 1961 was still a mystery.4_______they did know was 5_______she was loved by poor people because she always helped 6_______was in need of money.Andy was generous and helpful, but some people thought she was chasing fame.Andy said she didn’t understand 7_______they were so narrow-minded, but it didn’t matter 8_______others would thought of her.She just wanted to do 9________she thought was right.I think that is 10_______the meaning of life lies.（二）将下列句子译成英语，然后分析每个句子的结构。

1.这就是我们不同意你的方案的原因。2.他能考入北在下是我们意料中事。

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3.妈妈答应我她会好好照顾自己的。4.他们还没决定什么时候出发。

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5． 很明显，他在撒谎。6．据报道，我们队夺得了金牌。

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7．真奇怪，他竟然这么粗鲁。

8．我们规定每天练习一个小时的英语口语。

______________________________________________________________ 状语从句

状语从句修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词，由从属连词引导，可位于句首，也可位于主句后。状语从句在句首时，往往有逗号使从句与主句隔开。

引导状语从句的连词分类： 状语从句 连词

时间 when, whenever, as, while, before, after, till, as soon as, hardly„when, no sooner„than, scarcely„when, each time, every time, the first time, the minute, the second, the day, immediately 地点 where, wherever, everywhere 条件 if, unless, providing/provided that, supposing/suppose that, as long as, so long as, on condition that, in case, only if, if only 原因 Because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that, in fact, in view of the fact(鉴于)让步 though, although, even if, even though, as, while, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter wh-, for all that, granted, whether„or„, in spite of the fact that 比较 as, than, the same as, not so„as, as„as 方式 as if, as though 目的 that, in order that, so that, in case, for fear that, lest 结果 so that, so„that, such„that, but that„

在写好简单句的基础上，要写好含状语从句的复合句，掌握引导每种状语从句的连词是关键，因为状语从句内的结构与简单句相同，我们需要什么状语从句，只需在句前加上相应的连词既可。当然我们还需要分清复合句中哪是主句，哪是从句。如：（1）当你再读这首诗后（从句），你将更明白它的含义（主句）。When you read the poem a second time, you will understand it better.从句中，除了多了连词When外，you read the poem a second time与简单句结构相同。（2）客人每到一处，都受到热闹欢迎。

Whenever they went, the guests were warmly welcomed.The guests were warmly welcomed whenever they went.状语从句练习：把下列每两个句子连接成含状语从句的复合句。1.You will be late.You leave immediately.______________________________________________________________ 2.I was walking in the street.I saw an old friend of mine.______________________________________________________________ 3.I may fail a thousand times.I won’t give up.______________________________________________________________ 4.He is considered to be a good writer.His works are not widely read.______________________________________________________________ 5.We study very hard.We can work well in the future.______________________________________________________________ 6.You can go to work in the place.Your father worked there when he was young.________________________________________________________ 要写好复合句最后需要注意的问题：千万不要交汉语一一对译成英语，一定要注意所写复合句符合英语句子结构的特点及复合句中句子成分的完整。如“到车站时，他发一火车已经走了”，如果一一对译，则容易误译为：When arrived at the station, he found the train had already left.其实前面已经讲过，从句与简单句一样，需讲究句子结构的完整性，只不过从句前有很明显，缺少主语，需在when后加上he。综合练习：

（一）请补全下列复合句被遗漏的成分。1.He said at the meeting astonished us all.2.Tom won the first prize made his parents very happy.3.It was in Beijing I met him for the first time.4.Go and get your coat.It’s where you left.5.Anyone is late for class should say sorry to the teacher.6.You can have no idea he said.7.Please tell me when discuss the important problem.8.Keep it in mind you have to be home by ten o’clock.9.I’ll never forget the time we worked on the farm.10.After the war, a new school was put up where had been a temple.（二）将下列句子翻译成英语。

1．她在丢失计算器的地方打到了它。2．无论你说什么，我都不会改变主意。

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3．我是昨天下午才知道这个消息的。4．李兵赢了比赛让我们大吃一惊。

______________________________________________________________ 5．听到这个消息的时候，他们禁不住大声欢呼起来。

______________________________________________________________ 复合句练习答案

名词性从句练习:(一)1.that 2.where 3.whether 4.What 5.that 6.whoever 7.why 8.how 9.whatever 10.where

（二）1．This is why we don’t agree to your plan.2.That he could be admitted to Beijing University was what we had expected.3.Mother promised me that she would take good care of herself.4.They haven’t decided when they will set off.5.It was clear that he was lying to us.6.It was reported that she our team had won the gold medal.7.It was strange that she should have been so rude.8.We made it a rule that we should practice oral English for an hour every day.定语从句练习答案：(一)1.The noodles which I cooked were delicious.2.The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.3.They planted the trees which didn’t need much water.4.I have a friend whose father is an engineer.(二)1.The book which/that he wrote last year is popular with the readers.2.The school where my mother works was built in 1930.3.The person who is speaking at the meeting is our headmaster.4.She is the girl whose pronunciation is very good.状语从句练习答案：1.You will be late unless you leave immediately.2.I was walking in the street when I saw an old friend of mine.3.Even if I may fail a thousand times, I won’t give up.4.Although he is considered to be a good writer, his works are not widely read.5.We study hard so that/in order that we can work well in the future.6.You can go to work where your father worked when he was young.综合练习：(一)1.he前加what, what做said的宾语, what he said at the meeting是主要众句.2.Tom前加That, That Tom won the first prize是主语从句, that不能省略.3.Beijing后加that，这是一个强调句。

4.left后加it, It’s where you left it, it在从句中做宾语。5.Anyone后加who, who is late for class是定语从句。6.idea后加what.what做said的宾语。

7.when后加we shall, when we shall discuss the important problem是宾语从句。8.mind后加that, that引导宾语从句。9.time后加when, when引导定语从句。

10.where后加there, where had been a temple是状语从句。(二)1.She found her calculator where she lost it.2.They couldn’t help cheering up when they heard the news.3.It was not until yesterday afternoon that I knew the news.4.That Li Bing won the match surprised us all.5.whatever/No matter what you may say, I won’t change my mind.

第三篇：英语中介词用法

英语介词有哪些、表示时间的介词称为时间介词.表示时间的介词有：at, on, in, before, after等.一、at, on和in ① at 表示：（在（某时刻、时间、阶段）,在……岁时）My cousin joined the army at fifteen.我表哥十五岁参的军.② on 表示：在（某日）,在周末,在……节日 He was born on the 15th of August in 1769.他出生于1769年8月15日.③ in 表示：在……事后,在……期间,在……年/月 She went to America in 2000.她2000年去了美国.at, on 和in 作时间介词的比较： ① at 表示具体时间点.② on 后可以跟表日期、星期、节日的词,还可以指具体某一天的早、中、晚.③ in 泛指一天的早、中、晚,还可以表示一段时间,如：周、年、月、季节等.二、before和after ① before 表示：在……之前 x09x09before eight o’ clock 八点之前 Spring comes before summer.夏天之前是春天.② after 表示：表示……之后x09x09after lunch 午饭之后 Come to my office after school.放学后请来我办公室.表示做某事的方法、手段的介词有by, with, in, at, on.一、by by表示：用,以,靠,通过……方式.by表示手段时后接动作或制作方式.“by + 交通工具”表示交通方式.by bike 骑车x09by bus 坐公车x09by taxi 搭出租 by train 坐火车x09by ship 乘船x09by air 坐飞机

Linda usually goes to work by subway.琳达通常做地铁上班.She makes a living by teaching.她考教书谋生.二、with with 表示：用,以.with表示手段时,后接工具、材料或具体内容.write with a pen 用钢笔写 eat with knife and fork 用刀叉吃 see with one’s eyes 用眼睛看 I killed the fly with a swatter.我用苍蝇拍打死那只苍蝇.She cut the cake with a knife.她用刀切开了蛋糕.三、in in 表示：用,以.in表示用某种方式,如：颜色、笔墨、语言、声音、服饰等.speak in English 用英语说 talk in a high voice 高声说话 I wrote a letter in ink.我用钢笔写了一封信.Try to express yourself in English.试着用英语表达一下.表示空间的介词有：at, in, on, over, above, under, below 等表示静态位置的介词和from, to, up, down, through, across 等表示动态方向的介词.一、at, on 和 in ① at 表示：（地点、位置）在…… ② on 表示：（位置）在……上面

③ in 表示：（地点、位置或空间）在……里,在……中,在……上 Her fans have arrived at the airport.她的影迷已经到达了机场.Look at the picture at the top of the page.请看以下这一项上面的图片.Is my pen on the desk or in the desk? 我的钢笔是在桌子上还是在抽屉里呢? Some kids are playing in the yard and others are playing in the room.有些孩子在院子里玩,其他则在房间里玩.at,on 和 in 作空间介词的比较

① at用于表示一个较小的场合,这个地点被当作一个点来看待.② on 表示在某一平面或线上,强调与某物体有接触.③ in 表示在较大的地方,在某立体空间或平面范围之内.二、about 和 around ① over 二者都表示：在……周围/各处,围绕.但 ② above about强调无方向.We walked about in the town.我们在城里到处游逛.Dudu is running around the fence.嘟嘟在绕着篱笆跑.Let’s plant trees around the house.让我们在房子周围栽上树.三、over 和 above ① under 表示：在……正上方,越过

② above 表示：在……上方

I saw a wood bridge over the river.我看见河上有座木桥.Look!Some birds are flying above the clouds.看!一些鸟儿在云朵上飞翔.over和above作空间介词的比较

① over强调在某人或某物的正上方,而且两物体表面没有接触.② above 强调位置上某物体的上方,并不一定是正上方,而且两物体表面也没有接触.四、under 和 below ① under 表示：在……的正下方

② below 表示：在……下方

Please read the words below the picture.请读图片下面的文字.Look!A big mouse hides under the armchair.看!一只大老鼠躲在扶手椅下面.under 和 below 作空间介词的比较

① under 强调在某物的下方,完全覆盖两物体表面可以接触也可以不接触.② below 强调位置低于某参照物,但并不一定是正下方.五、between 和 among ① between 表示：（位置、时间、数量等）在……之间（两者之间）② among 表示：在……中间（三者或三者以上之间）I often fly between Beijing and Shanghai.我经常在北京和上海之间飞来飞去.Come here between eight and nine o’ clock.请把点到九点之间过来.Susan is among the crowd.苏珊是人群当中.六、into 和 out of ① into 表示：进来 ② out of 表示：出去 Get out of the room.从房间里出去!Bob walked into the room.鲍勃走进房间.He is working in the office.她在办公室里工作.七、behind 和 in front of ① behind 表示：在……后面

② in front of 表示：在……前面

There is a fountain in the front of the park.公园的前面有一个喷泉.Susan sits in front of me and Dudu sits behind me.苏珊坐在我前面,嘟嘟坐在我后面.八、up 和 down ① up 表示：往上,向……顶上 ② down 表示：往下,沿着……往下 The monkey is climbing up the tree.猴子正在往树上爬.Tears ran down her face.眼泪从她的脸上流了下来.九、across 和 through ① across 表示：穿过,跨过

② through表示：穿过,通过

There is a bridge across the river there.那儿有座桥横跨在河上.A train is running through the tunnel.一列火车正从隧道中穿过.十、by 和 near ① by 表示：在……旁边

② near 表示：在……附近

Come over here and stand by me.过来站在我旁边吧.We are planning to camp by the lake.我们打算到湖边露营.There are some big apple trees near the house.房子附近有一些大苹果树.The new hospital is near our school.新医院里我们学校不远.十一、其他空间介词 ① along 表示：沿着,顺着

② to 表示：到……,去……,向…… Let’s walk along the street.让我们沿着街散散步.We drove along the freeway.我们驱车沿着高数公路行驶.The child pointed to the polar star.那孩子指着北极星.I’m going to the bakery.我想要去那家糕饼店.*第一个to表示“指”的方向、目标.第二个to表示到达的目的地.除了按上面介绍表示时间关系、空间关系、方式、手段等的介词外,还有一些重要的介词:

一、of 的用法

① of 表示：……的（表示所属、所有关系）a cover of this book 这本书的封皮

a friend of my parents 我父母的一个朋友

② of 表示：……之中的（表示部分）some boys of the team 小组里的几个男生 the end of the story 故事的结尾

Two students of our class joined in the match.我们班里的两个同学参加了这场比赛.All of us approved his plan.我们全都赞成他的计划.③ of 表示：……份/量的,……的种类的（表示量、种类）a drop of water 一滴水

a pair of shoes 一双鞋

I want two cups of coffee.我要两杯咖啡.二、with 的用法

① with 表示：具有,有……的,随身带着 It is a dog with black spots.它是一只长着黑色斑点的狗.Take an umbrella with you.带把雨伞吧!② with表示：和……一起,同……一起,偕同 I went to Disneyland with my mother.我和妈妈一起去了迪斯尼乐园.Jane likes to play with Mimi.简喜欢和咪咪玩耍.③ with 表示：随着……

The wine improves with age.这种酒越陈越香.I get up with the sun every day.我每天日出就起床.三、for 的用法

① for 表示：为了……（表示目的、用途、利益）Give me a knife for cutting bread.给我一把切面包的刀子.I’ve found it for you.我已经为你找到了它.What can I do for you? 我能为你做些什么吗? ② for 表示：一段距离或时间 He has run for a mile.他跑了一英里.I’ve studied in Beijing for three years.我在北京学习三年了.Please bake the cake for 40 minutes.请将蛋糕烤四十分钟.③ for 表示：因为,由于（表示原因）Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助.Andy jumped for joy at the good news.安迪听到这个消息高兴的跳了起来.We could hardly see for the mist.由于大雾,我们几乎看不见了.四、like 的用法

① like表示：像……（一样）,似……（一样）They are like brothers and sisters.他们情同手足.② like 表示：是什么样子,怎样 Andy looks just like his father.安迪和他爸爸像极了.五、from 的用法

① from 表示：（时间或场所）从……,自…… We work from Monday to Friday.我们周一到周五上班.Charlie will fly from New York to London.查理要从纽约飞往伦敦.The cat jumped down from the top of the wall.猫从墙头跳了下来.② from 表示（两地的距离）离

The nearest hospital is 10 miles from my house.最近的医院离我家十英里远.We live about 5 kilometers from Boston.我们住在离波士顿约五公里的地方.③ from 表示：出自……,来自……

Did you have a(phone)call from him? 你接到他的电话了吗? Where are you from? 你来自哪里? Susan got a letter from her aunt.苏珊收到一封她姨妈的来信.六、at, about, to 和 in 的其他用法

① at 表示：对着……, 朝着……,向……（表示方向,目标）He threw a bone at the dog.他用一块骨头砸狗.Please look at the blackboard.请看黑板.Jack shot at the deer but missed.杰克朝鹿开了一枪,但是没有打中.② about 表示：关于……,涉及…… He told me a story about ghosts.他给我讲了一个鬼故事.Don’t worry about me.不要担心我.They are talking about English learning.他们在谈论英语学习.③ to 表示：对于,给,向（表示对象）Jane is always very kind to others.简总是对别人很友善.Please send some food to them.请给他们送些食品去.Have you told all the news to John? 你把全部的消息都告诉约翰了吗? ④ in 表示：穿着,戴着 Who is the man in black? 那穿黑色衣服的人是谁? Tom is in a purple hat.汤姆戴着紫色帽子.The girl in uniform is Mary.穿校服的那个女孩是玛丽.

第四篇：英语中介词用法总结

一.介词

1.At 表示时间：在.......时刻，在........点钟。

at seven o'clock 在7点钟 at noon 在中午 at midnight 在半夜 at dawn 在黎明 The plane will take off at eight o’clock.飞机将在8点起飞。We have lunch at noon.中午我们吃午饭。.表示地点：在........（常用于较小地方）。

at school 在学校

at home 在家

we meet at the bus stop。我们在公交车点见面。

He lives at a small village.他住在一个小村庄里。表示位置：在.........旁边。

There is a bag of rice at the door.在门旁有一袋大米。表示方向

He aimed at the little bird.他瞄准那只小鸟。

He pointed at the boy in blue coat.他指着穿蓝色上衣的那个小孩。表示状态

The two countries were at war.那两个国家在打仗。表示速度.价格等

The book is sold at two Yuan.这本书卖两元钱。

2.In 表示时间：与年 月 周 季节 早晨 下午或晚上等名词连用。in 1998 在1998年

in October 在10月份 in a week 一周内

in the morning 在上午

in the afternoon 在中午 in the evening 在晚上 in spring 在春季 I'll come back in a week.我将一周后回来。

He became a doctor in 1986.他在1986年成了一名医生。表示地点

场所（此时多指大的地方）。

China is in Asia.中国位于亚洲。I live in Shanghai.我住在上海。表示穿着 带着（衣服 帽子等）

The girl in red is Li Ming’s sister.穿红衣服的女孩是李明的姐姐。There is a wolf in sheep's clothes.这是一只披着羊皮的狼。表示用某种语言

Can you sing the song in English? 你能用英语唱那首歌吗？ Please read the text in Chinese.请用中文读这篇课文。

3.On 1)表示时间：具体到某一天或某一天的上午.下午或晚上。on Monday 在周一

on May 1st 在5月1号

on Sunday morning 在星期天的早晨 on the morning of June 2nd 在6月2号的上午。2)表示位置：在.......上，与物体接触。

There is a map on the wall.墙上有一张地图。He works on a farm.他在一个农场工作。3)表示“关于”

We will have a talk on the history of the Party this afternoon.今天下午我们要听有关党史的报告。

This is a book on science.这是一本有关科学方面的书。4）引申意义表示“从事......”“处于......情形”。

He is on duty today.今天他值日。They are on holiday.他们在度假。

4.During 表示“在......时候”（某段时间里）

Where are you going during the holiday? 假期里你要到哪儿去？ 表示“在......期间”

He gave us a lot of help during his stay here.他在此逗留期间给了我们许多帮助。during the childhood 在孩提时代 during the summer 在夏季

第五篇：英语中方位介词用法

体验式英语教育先锋美联英语

英语中方位介词用法

介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。在句中不能单独作句字成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语，定语或介词宾语。at ,in, on, to at(1)表示在小地方;(2)表示“在„„附近，旁边” in(1)表示 在大地方;(2)表示“在„范围之内”。on 表示毗邻，接壤

to 表示在„„范围外，不强调是否接壤 He arrived at the station at ten.He is sitting at the desk.He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.Jiangsu lies in the east of China.Russia live on the north of China.Fujian is to the south of Jiangsu Province.2)above, over, on 在„„上

above 指在„„上方,不强调是否垂直，与 below相对;over指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。on表示某物体上面并与之接触。The bird is flying above my head.There is a bridge over the river.He put his watch on the desk.3)below, under 在„„下面 under表示在„正下方

below表示在„„下，不一定在正下方 There is a cat under the table.体验式英语教育先锋美联英语

Please write your name below the line.方位介词

1.at表示“在......处”，一般指较小的比较具体的地点。

如： He isn't at school.He is at home.他不在学校，他在家。

2.in表示“在......内部;在......里面”的意思。如： What is in the box? 盒子里有什么? 3.on表示“在某物的上面”，但两者互相接触。

如：My books are on that table.我的书在那张桌子上。4.under表示“在某物垂直的正下方”，两者之间不接触。如：My cat is under my chair.我的猫在我的椅子下。

5.behind表示“在某物体的后面”。如：The broom is behind the door.笤帚在门后。6.in front of表示“在......的前面”，正好与behind相反。

如： There are some big trees in front of our classroom.我们教室前面有几棵大树。7.near表示“在某物体的附近”，意为“接近、靠近”。如： The ball is near the door.球在门旁边。巧用介词表方位

当我们在谈论物品的位置关系时，常用下列表达方式： 1.—— Where's Sandy's sweater? 桑迪的毛衣在哪儿? —— It's on the bed.在床上。

2.—— Is the football under the chair? 足球在椅子下面吗? —— Yes, it is.是的，是在椅子下面。

3.—— Is Shenzhen near Taiwan Or Hong Kong? 深圳在台湾附近还是在香港附近? —— It's near Hong Kong.在香港附近。

(1)on 表示在某物的上面，指与某物体相接触。如： The map of China is on the wall.中国地图挂在墙上。

体验式英语教育先锋美联英语

His coat is on the chair.他的上衣在椅子上。

(2)under 表示在某物垂直的正下方，两者之间不接触。如： My pen is under the desk.我的钢笔在桌子下。(3)behind 表示在某物的后面。如：

There is a tree behind the house.房子后面有棵树。

(4)in 表示在场所、地点或位置里，意为“在„„之内”、“在„„里面”。如： Your pencil is in the pencil-box.你的铅笔在铅笔盒里。Nanjing is in Jiangsu Province.南京在江苏省。

(5)in front of 表示“在„„的前面”，与 behind 恰好相反。如： My sister stands in front of my father.我妹妹站在我父亲前面。(6)near 表示在某物的附近，意为“接近，靠近”。如： My house is near the lake.我的房子位于湖畔。

(7)over 表示在某物的垂直正上方，与 under 正好相反。如： The light is over the desk.灯在课桌的正上方。

[ 问题爷爷 ] 魔力宝贝，“书在桌子上”一句译为英文时是“ The book on the desk.”吗? [ 魔力宝贝 ] 简直大错特错。凡是 in、on、under、near、behind、in front of、over 等介词后面加名词表示方位时，不要忘掉动词“ be ”。上句应说成： The book is on the desk.这与汉语的表达形式有所不同。

[ 问题爷爷 ] 魔力宝贝，你真了不起，所有难题你都能迎刃而解。所谓“活到老，学到老(It's never too old to learn.)”，问题爷爷真是跟你学到了不少东西。

[ 魔力宝贝 ] 谢谢夸奖。同学们课后有时间一定要把已学的表方位的介词短语归纳一下，集中记忆将会助你学习成功。