九年级数学学习笔记

第一篇：九年级数学学习笔记

九年级数学学习笔记

作为毕业班的数学老师，我深感肩上的压力之大，责任之重。这种压力不是来自自身的知识水平，也不是来自学校的升学压力，而是来自自身对教学的一种责任。今年，我所任教的班级是九年级三班和五班。九年级是一个重要的阶段，如何进行有效的教学才可以使学生的学习成绩有所进步尤为重要。

一、学生基本情况

我所教的两个班级共有108人，给我的整体印象是学生的基础参差不齐，少部分学生对学习感兴趣，接受能力强，学习态度端正，但是大多数学生基础较差，学习自觉性不高。从每次的练考来看学生仅仅是在课堂上听懂了，课后并没有自觉将知识消化吸收转化为自己的能力，讲过的题仍然出错的学生不在少数。从考试成绩来看，学生两极分化严重，中间力量相对薄弱，几乎没有中等生，中转优工作困难重重。有的学生基础很差，上课时神情恍惚，脑子一片空白，眼睛看着你，眉头紧锁，一提问却什么都不知道。简单的基础知识也不能有效掌握，成绩较差。以上是我所了解的两个班级的现状。

二、问题解决

根据班级的现状，如何提高教学质量？我认为可从以下两个方面入手：

（一）教师方面

1.教师应该先备好课。不论你对教材多么熟悉，如果哪节课不做准备的话，那么这节课肯定是枯燥乏味，学生接受效果也要大打折扣。

（1）研究教材的科学性和系统性。

研究教材的科学性，主要是研究教材的概念、定理、定义、公式、法则、性质，等等。要逐字逐句推敲，抓住本质属性的关键词、句，搞清其间的逻辑结构，对于这些内容应有一个透彻的理解，并做一定数量的习题，看一些有关的参考资料，使自己对所讲的教材达到熟练掌握、灵活运用的程度。研究教材的系统性，就是要研究教材中各内容之间有什么关系，当前的内容和前面教材、后面教材之间的相互关系。把本节内容放在整个教材系统中来分析，充分理解其在本节内容的地位、作用。

（2）确定重点、难点。

不论一节课，还是一个单元或一章的教材都有重点、难点。因为基础知识很多，不可能同样重要，有主要的、次要的，难易程度也不相同。

确定教材的重点，主要从其应用较广，是否是本段教材的枢纽，是否是后面教材的基础等多方面着手。

确定教材的难点，应从以下几个方面考虑：（1）知识由旧到新，要用新观点、新方法来研究，而学生掌握新观点、新方法要有一个过程。例如，由具体数字到抽象文字；由常量到变量；平面到空间等过渡；（2）知识本身过于抽象，难以理解，如方差的定义；（3）知识的本质属性比较隐蔽，如算术根的定义；（4）知识内部结构复杂，而学生分析问题、推理能力差。如学生开始学习几何证明等是教学中的难点。

（3）确定教学目标。

教师教一节课，教学目标必须明确，一节课自始至终都应为这一目标的完成而努力。一切教学方法、手段都应为达到教学目的服务，课后还要认真检查自己所制定的教学目标是否完成。

（4）了解学生，指导学法。

备课必须结合学生的实际，不了解学生，课就备不好。因此在确定教材的重点、难点，确定教学目的，选择教学方法和选配例题与习题时，都要结合学生的实际情况，把教材与学生的实际情况结合起来，才能设计出行之有效的教学方案。

能够进行实质的、行之有效的集体备课更好。在个人粗备—集体备课—个人细备这一过程中，要求备课组每位老师都能知无不言、言无不尽，不要有任何保留。这样才能将我们整个备课组拧成一股绳，充分发挥大家的智慧，使教学效果得到显著提高。

2.教师还应该给学生一个空间，让其自己去发现。在教学中，多数情况下，我们提出启发性的问题来激发学生思考，但问题提出后没给学生留下足够的思维空间，甚至不留思维空间，往往习惯于追问学生，急于让其说出结果。显然，这样学生对题目只有片面的理解，不能引发学生的深思，当然也就不能给学生留下深刻的印象，因此造成很多学生对于做过的题一点印象也没有。对于学过的数学定理或公式不能深刻理解，当然更谈不上灵活运用了。在教学中我发现，给学生创设一个恰当的情境，通过教师的引，让学生自己去发现、去总结、去归纳，效果更好。

3.教师应该给自己一个空间，灵活大胆地去实践。

我们在备课的时候对问题已备选了一个或几个解决方案，课堂上以“定势思维”组织教学，但教学中的不确定因素很多，当学生的思路与我的思路相左或学生的想法不切实际时，不愿打乱既定的教学程序，干脆采取回避措施，使学生的求异思维、批判思维、创造性思维被束缚。另外，我平时上课总喜欢将一个问题或一个习题讲得非常明白，生怕学生不理解，剥夺学生自主探索的思考过程。这样当试卷灵活多变时，特别是遇到操作、找规律等问题时，学生往往会不知所措。

4.给思维一个空间，让其循序渐进。

问题的坡度设置也是十分关键的。坡度过小，不值得优等生去思考，学生的思维活跃不起来；坡度过大，导致思维卡壳，学生的思维活动因不能深入进行而流于形式。因此，学生的思维是循序渐进的，要设置合适的坡度，多给学生自己练习的时间。这样学生的思维就会逐渐活跃，成绩逐步提高。

5.及时讲评作业和试卷。

作业讲评是课堂教学反馈的重要手段，是提高课堂教学质量的重要一环。作业讲评是批改作业的延续，高质量的作业讲评，要求教师事先必须做好充分准备：批改记录、讲评计划及注明详讲、略讲与不讲，善于捕捉典型的错误和代表性题目。

试卷讲评要及时。趁热打铁，及时讲评，可使学生马上更正错误，在自己原有的基础上再次思考，发现自己的失误和不良的思维习惯、方法，更好地把握知识的准确性，加深掌握深度。

（二）学生方面 1.学会听课。

学生学得好，不是谁教的，而是他们自己悟得好。这说明一个道理，学生不能被动地学习，而应主动地学习。在课堂上听讲，学生不光是学习新知识，更重要的是潜移默化地养成数学思维习惯，逐渐地培养起自己对数学的一种悟性。

鼓励学生积极思考、大胆发言。学生如果是积极举手、积极回答问题，手脑并用，听课效率必然很高，这样就不容易走神，课堂效率就得到保证了。一个学生能够做到眼到、耳到、笔到、神到，这才叫听课。进入这种境界的学生，他的听课效率才是最高的，也必然会取得事半而功倍的效果。

2.问题不过保质期。

给每个疑难问题注明生产日期。很简单，练习册不会的题，试卷上不会的（前提是自己要真正思考后不会）记上日期，问题要在24小时内得到解决。

当然说着简单，具体实施很困难。这就需要平时多与学生交流，经常督促让学生将解决问题作为每一天最重要的事去做。

3.正确对待错题集。

一般每次考试出错的题目，多数同学都要专门写到错题本上，有些人是直接将正确的答案写到上面，下面写上自己出错的原因。这样做对比性不太强，建议用下边这样的格式：

左边：试卷上自己最初的做法，右边：自己重做的最标准答案。

然后在这个题目下边写出自己做题时出错的原因，不是简单地写上粗心大意，应写：步骤是否合理，答题习惯是否得当，并且标明自己改进的方法。

4.试卷答题优化方法。

整体上安排要坚持“两先两后”。（1）先看后做，平时训练和模拟考试中，有的同学便急急忙忙“偷偷”做题，加重自己的心理紧张程度，就有可能影响发挥，而正确的做法就是应是先查看试卷，摸清“题情”。对题型和难度作总体了解，在头脑中寻找解决这部分题的知识内容。（2）先易后难，部分学生善“钻研”，先做难题，无功后返，以致该得的分没得到，浪费了宝贵的时间，造成总分较低。

要求选择题灵活做，填空题仔细做。选择题一定坚持“小题小做”原则，采用间接、直接、特殊值代入法、排除法等各种方法，在确保无误的情况下提高解题效率。中档题认真做，高档题分解做。中档题一般学生都能做，主要缺点是“会而不对，对而不全”，所以对这类题要仔细审题，减少纰漏；高档题也不过是低档题的综合与叠加，所以只要分解开了，就会变成许多简单的问题，这样去分析、解题，就能尽可能得分。

5.进行限时训练。

可以找一组题（比如10道选择题），争取限定一个时间完成；也可以找1道大题，限时完成。这主要是创设一种考试情境，检验学生在紧张状态下的思维水平。定时定量的训练是十分重要的，这种训练能提高学生的题感，使学生进一步明确答题的规范要求、关键步骤的书写等。初三学生每周要做到一大一小两次限时训练，其时也就是练考；同时每天都要保持一定量的训练，比如交送作业当堂完成；只有这种训练达到一定的熟练程度，考试时才能发挥出优异水平。特别对于解答题每一步要言之有理，而不能凭感觉。

以上是我对自己多年的教学实践的一次系统总结，并不具有普遍性，也还不够成熟，有很多地方还值得商榷。在教学工作中，要做个有心人，让数学真正成为学生愿学、乐学的科目。只有这样，才能为学生提供充裕的探索、实践的空间和时间，才能调动大多数同学的学习积极性和主动性，才能大面积地提高数学教学质量。

第二篇：数学学习笔记

数学学习笔记

今天老师讲了一道题：两个连续奇数的和是100，它们的积是多少？下面写着让您选择的3个数，一个是2459，另一个是2499，最后一个是2501。老师说，让100去除以2，得出的数一个加1，一个减1，再把它们相乘，得出2499。

我举手说：“还可以用100减去2，再除以2，得出的数加上2，最后把它们相乘，也可以得到2499。但是，当我说“用100减去2”时，老师问“为什么？”把下面所有的同学都给问住了。正在大家冥思苦想的时候，我突然霍地一声站了起来，说：“因为两个连续奇数它们都相差2，所以就可以说100减2得出的98就是两个相同的较小的奇数。”随后，老师在黑板上写出了1-10几个数，问道：“你们发现了什么规律？”大家思索着，却无一回答。我又站起来说：“一个奇数加1必定是偶数，一个偶数加1必定是奇数。”过了一阵子，老师说：“其实，一个奇数的后面一个数必定是偶数，与一个偶数紧挨着的下一个数必定是奇数，这就是奇偶相连。”随后，老师把我的方法的前半部分给倒了过来，就是把100减2变成100加2，49加2变成49减2，成了一种新方法。

其实，数学是趣味儿的，多样的，不是死板的，无聊的。虽然一个人，一个学生的知识不够多多，但是，只要细心观察，就能发现一些奥秘。

第三篇：数学教学学习笔记

既然把老师做为自己的终身职业，就要努力成为一名好的教师。树立以人为本的教育理念，关注学生的全面成长，站在受教育者的立场思考教育，让孩子愿意学习，凸现尊重学生的教育思想。让学生主动探索答案，注重学生探究的过程、思考的过程，让学生在学习活动中积累经验、提升认识、增长智慧。课堂教学因为有学生参与，重点是要处理好预设与生成的关系帮助学生理清思路；培养学生的归纳能力和帮助学生积累活动经验。数学教学不要在知识点上计较，要看长远意义的学习兴趣与良好学习习惯培养。

一、小学数学课堂教学方式、方法的改革与实践

二、小学数学教学中学生情感、态度与价值观的培养：

情感、态度与价值观培养目标的设立，把“过分关注知识的获取、技能的训练”转向“关注学生的发展”，实现知、情、行、意的统一，深入推进素质教育，促进学生的全面发展。

情感、态度、价值观的培养是一个以知识与技能为载体的启发、渗透、感染的过程，是教学的灵魂，贯穿于教学全过程。

将爱心洒满课堂，用教师的真情感染学生，营造民主平等的教学氛围；重视创设生动、有趣、科学的教学情景，让学生在探索知识、解决问题的活动中经历过程、体验情感、形成积极向上的态度，建立正确的价值观；运用多种评价手段调动和保护学生学习的兴趣和自信心；特别要关注“学困生”，要善于发现和放大其闪光点，让他们在同学中得到认同，获得进步和发展。

三、现代信息技术在小学数学教学中的运用：

要做好现代信息技术辅助教学，要有领导的督促、要有任务的驱动，要实现校内信息技术资源共享，并注意资源的积累和再利用，促使教师由被 动使用到主动使用，进而成为一种习惯；在课件制作上，教师不能把关注点放在如何制作课件上，而是要学会，知道在哪里用，知道到哪里找需要的资源；现代信息技术不仅要用到教学中，还要用到教师的学习与交流中，用到教研活动中，更有效地促进教师的专业成长。

网络教研是一种新型的、重要的教研形式，具有跨时空、多主体、低成本和高效率的优势；教师、教研员、专家共同参与，形成了民主、平等、合作的网络教研文化；网络教研把一部分教师从网络游戏与聊天中拉到教学研究的网络学习中，激发了教师学习的兴趣和热情，唤醒了教师的专业主体意识，调动教师研究教学的内驱力，使学习与研究成为教师的主动行为，成为一种责任和追求。

利用论坛、博客以及qq群开展丰富多彩的教研活动，形成了“以教育论坛为基本阵地，以qq群为互动交流平台，以广大一线老师为服务对象，以学校教研室及骨干老师为专业支持，以网络备课、专题研讨为主要内容的网络教研活动模式。以课题研究为牵动，依托教研室、骨干教师，提高网络教研活动的质量。

四、小学数学教学评价改革

五、小学数学教师的专业发展

六、小学数学教研活动的有效开展

第四篇：九年级政治课堂学习笔记

第一节我们的社会主义祖国

第一目 世界舞台上的中国

1、日益强大的祖国p32-1（党的十一届三中全会以来，我们实行改革开放，集中力量进行经济建设，中国人民富了起来、国家强了起来。中国是发展最快、变化最大的国家之一。一个和平、合作、负责任的中国形象已经为国际社会所公认。）

2、我国还属于发展中国家，仍然面临发达国家在经济科技等方面占优势的压力。p33-

13、国际局势p33-2（当今世界，国际局势正在发生深刻的变化。世界多极化和经济全球化的趋势在曲折中发展，科技进步日新月异，综合国力竞争日趋激烈。）

4、我们只有在认清基本国情的基础上加快发展，才能进一步提高我国在国际社会中的地位，实现中华民族的伟大复兴。p33-

2第二目 我国正处在社会主义初级阶段

1、新中国成立以来我国社会主义现代化事业取得了巨大成就，社会主义制度的优越性得到了初步显示。p33-3（要求列举三例成就）

2、我国的基本国情：p34-

1（1）我国处于初级阶段的原因（①现阶段我国社会生产力水平还比较低；②科学技术水平、民族文化素质还不够高；③社会主义具体制度还不完善。）

（2）初级阶段的含义（所谓初级阶段，就是不发达阶段。这种不发达不只是表现在一两个方面，而是表现在经济、政治、文化生活的各个方面）

（3）初级阶段所需时间（从上世纪五十年代中期算起，至少需要一百年时间。）

3、我国社会的主要矛盾p35-1（我国社会的主要矛盾，是人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾。）

4、国家的根本任务p35-1（沿着中国特色社会主义道路，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设。）

第三目 高举旗帜 开创未来

1、我们取得成绩和进步的根本原因 p35-2（改革开放以来，我们取得一切成绩和进步的根本原因，归结起来就是：开辟了中国特色社会主义道路，形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系。）

2、中国应对挑战、高歌向前的方法p36-1（必须始终坚持中国特色社会主义道路和中国特色社会主义理论体系，也就是要始终高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜。）

* 列举中国特色社会主义理论体系的内容及代表人物。

① 毛泽东思想—毛泽东② 邓小平理论—邓小平③ “三个代表”重要思想—xx

④ 科学发展观—xx

第二节党的基本路线

第一目 “一个中心、两个基本点”

1、制定基本路线的依据 p37-1（我国正处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段这一基本国情）

2、制定基本路线的目的 p37-1（全国各族人民的根本利益）

3、基本路线的内容p37-1（领导和团结全国各族人民，以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则，坚持改革开放，自力更生，艰苦创业，为把我国建设成为富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家而奋斗。）

4、基本路线的核心内容p37-1（“以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则，坚持改革开放”，即“一个中心、两个基本点”）

5、以经济建设为中心的内涵 p38-1（就是在整个社会主义初级阶段，各项工作都必须服从和服务于经济建设，就是要把集中力量发展社会生产力摆在首要地位。）

6、以经济建设为中心的意义、地位、原因 p38-1（以经济建设为中心是兴国之要，是我们党、我们国家兴旺发达和长治久安的根本要求。）

7、四项基本原则的内容p38-2（坚持社会主义道路、坚持人民民主专政、坚持中国共产党的领导、坚持马克思列宁主义毛泽东思想）

8、四项基本原则的意义、地位、原因p38-2（四项基本原则是立国之本，是我们党、我们国家生存发展的政治基石。）

9、改革开放的意义 p38-3（改革开放是强国之路，是我们党、我们国家发展进步的活力源泉。）

第二目 坚持基本路线不动摇

1、坚持党的基本路线获得的经验成果 p39-1（改革开放以来，我国综合国力大幅度跃升……民族凝聚力极大增强。我国的社会主义制度显示了强大的生命力。）

2、坚持党的基本路线不动摇的原因（为什么要坚持党的基本路线不动摇？）

（1）发展中国特色社会主义伟大实践的经验，集中到一点，就是毫不动摇地坚持了党在社会主义初级阶段的基本路线。p39-

1（2）党的基本路线是党和国家的生命线，是实现科学发展的政治保证，必须长期坚持下去，贯穿整个社会主义初级阶段，任何时候都决不能动摇。p40-

33、坚持党的基本路线不动摇的方法（怎样坚持党的基本路线不动摇？）

（1）要把以经济建设为中心同四项基本原则、改革开放这两个基本点统一于发展中国特色社会主义的伟大实践。p40-1（把一个中心同两个基本点统一起来）

（2）在实际工作中就要牢牢把握“抓住机遇、深化改革、扩大开放、促进发展、保持稳定”的大局。只有正确处理好改革、发展、稳定三者的关系，才能总揽全局，保证经济社会的蓬勃发展。p40-2（正确处理好三者关系）

4、坚持党的基本路线的意义 p40-

3第三节统一的多民族国家

第一目 五十六个民族是一家

1、我国的民族状况

（1）我国是一个统一的多民族国家，有56个民族分布在祖国的四面八方p41-1。

（2）由于汉族以外的其他民族人口相对较少，习惯上被称为“少数民族”。经过长期的经济文化等方面的交往，各族人民形成了你中有我、我中有你的亲缘关系。p41-

22、我国民族关系特点（形成了你中有我、我中有你的亲缘关系。）p41-

23、民族区域自治制度的含义p42-

14、民族区域自制制度的地位（它是我国的一项基本政治制度，是发展中国特色社会主义民主政治的重要内容。）p42-

1第二目 共同浇灌民族团结之花

1、当前民族关系（平等团结互助和谐的关系）p42-

22、处理民族关系问题的原则（民族平等、团结和共同繁荣）p42-

23、维护民族团结的方法（怎样维护民族团结？）p43-1（自觉履行我们的责任和义务，就要尊重各民族的宗教信仰，尊重各民族的风俗习惯，尊重各民族的语言文字。）

第三目 实现祖国和平统一

1、最广泛的爱国统一战线的组成人员 p43-p442、制定爱国统一战线的目的 p44-

13、“一国两制”是完成祖国统一的基本方针

（1）制定这一基本方针的原因 p44-2（实现祖国的完全统一，是海内外中华儿女的共同心愿，是中华民族的根本利益所在。为了最终完成祖国统一大业，党和政府制定了这一基本方针。）

（2）“一个国家”的内涵p44-2（指中国的主权和领土必须完整，不容分割，中国是一个统一的国家。）

（3）“两种制度”的内涵p44-2（指在一个中国的前提下，国家的主体坚持社会主义制度，香港、澳门、台湾保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式长期不变。）

（4）制定及实施这一基本方针的意义、作用 p44-

34、为什么两岸统一是历史必然？

（1）实现祖国的完全统一，是海内外中华儿女的共同心愿，是中华民族的根本利益所在。p44-

2（2）世界上只有一个中国……坚持一个中国原则，是两岸关系和平发展的政治基础。p45-

1（3）解决台湾问题，实现祖国完全统一，是全体中华儿女的共同心愿。p45-2

（4）两岸统一是中华民族走向伟大复兴的历史必然。p45-

35、解决台湾问题的方法（怎样解决台湾问题？或者 如何贯彻“和平统一、一国两制”的基本方针？）（我们遵循“和平统一、一国两制”的方针，就必须坚持一个中国的原则决不动摇，争取和平统一的努力决不放弃，贯彻寄希望于台湾人民的方针决不改变，反对“xx”分裂活动决不妥协，坚决维护国家主权和领土完整，维护中华民族的根本利益。）p45-2

第五篇：九年级英语笔记

Unit 1 How can we become good

learners?

Section A

1.ask…for 请求，询问，向…要

eg He asked me politely for the book.ask sb(not)to do sth 叫某人（不）做某事 2.by prep.通过…靠…(后接Ving)eg She learns English by English magazines.3.conversation cn 交谈，会话(have conversations with sb)eg I’ll have a long conversation with her.4.aloud adv.出声地，大声地（常与read,think,cry,shout等连用，表示让人能听得见）

loud adj/adv 响亮的/地，大声的/地（指发音音量大或声音穿得远，做adv时常与speak,talk, laugh等连用）

loudly adv.大声地（表示声音高且喧闹、不悦耳或令人感到讨厌，常与knock,ring,crow连用）

eg Look at the sign---“No one is allowed to read aloud in the library.He makes loud noise.Someone knocked loudly at the door.5.practice v.练习，操练(practice doing sth)practice un 实践，练习，锻炼 eg He practices playing football.Practice makes perfect.6.too+adj/adv原形+to+V原形

=so+adj/adv原形+that从句

=not+adj/adv原形+enough+to+V原形 eg He is too young to go to school.=He is so young that he can’t go to school.=He isn’t old enough to go to school.7.spoken English 英语口语

eg His spoken English is not so good as his written English.8.quickly adv.快地，迅速地（指具体的动作迅速敏捷，也指思维反应快）

fast adj/adv 快的/地

（指物体或人的运动速度快，也指说话快）soon adv 快速地（指动作完成或离现在的时间间隔短）eg Come quickly,something terrible has happened.She drives very fast.My father will leave for Beijing soon.9.word by word 逐字地

day by day 日复一日 one by one 逐个

10.patient adj 有耐心的，耐烦的（be patient with/to…对…有耐心）

n 病人

eg We all like Mr.Smith.He is very patient with us.The nurse is looking after the patient.11.not…everything 表示部分否定，could not understand everything “并非每件事都能理解”

当every,all,always等表示整体意义的词与not连用时，表示部分否定 eg I didn’t find everyone on the playground.Not all balls are round in the USA.12.secret cn 秘密，机密（keep a secret保密；in secret秘密地）

adj 秘密的，隐秘的

eg Exercising every day is the secret of health.It’s a secret passage.13.look up（在字典或资料中）查找；向上看，仰视

eg I’ve forgotten the number,you should look it up again.They looked up,and found many locusts.14.repeat =do or say…again 15.take a note/take notes 记笔记

16.memorize v 记忆，记住(指有意识地用心地去记，强调主观的动作过程memory n remember v 记得（指某件事或印象在记忆里，一般不需要有意识地去记忆便可以想起）

eg She tried to memorize every event.She remembered event that happened in these years.17.be afraid of doing sth 担心而害怕做某事

be afraid to do sth 怕而不敢做某事

eg The girl was afraid to go across the bridge,for she was afraid of falling down from it.Section B

1.increase to 增到，增加到（后+总数）

eg The population of this city has increased to 3,000,000by now.increase by 以…的幅度增加，增加了…

eg The population of this factory increased by 10 percent last year.2.at the speed of 以…速度

at top/full/high speed 高速，全速

eg Your taxi traveled at the speed of 80 miles an hour.It’s dangerous to turn round the corner at high speed.3.be born 出身于

be born with 天生具有…

be born to do sth 天生能做某事 eg He was born in a small village.Her cousin brother was born with a mole(胎记)on the shoulder.Man was born to cry,so it’s with other animals.4.have the ability to do sth 有能力做某事

eg Jenny is the first person for the job,she has the ability to communicate.5.take an interest in=be interested in 对…感兴趣

lose interest in 对…失去兴趣

eg She seems to take an interest in discussing the trip.He has lost interest in fishing.6.create v 创造，创建，创作

creative adj 创造性的，有创意的 creation n 创造，创建

7.It’s +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事是……

It’s +adj +of sb to do sth(adj是表示情感，特征的词:kind ,nice ,good ,silly ,wrong ,wise等)eg It’s hard for you to finish it.It’s kind of you to say so.8.pay attention to 注意…留心…（to是介词，后接n/pron/Ving）

eg Your spoken English is a little poor.Please pay attention to it.As you see,Sam didn’t pay much attention to watching TV.9.connect…with…把…和…连接起来

connect…to…把…连上

eg First,the light is connected to a switch.Don’t connect the matter with what happened last week.10.even if =even though即使，纵然

eg I wouldn’t give up even if I should fail a second time.I can still remember even though it happened so long ago.11.unless=if…not…如果不，除非

eg You’ll be late unless you hurry.=You’ll be late if you don’t hurry.Unit 2 I think mooncakes are delicious!

Section A

1.a little too 太……一点

eg Kevin was a little too young to dress himself.2.put on 增加（体重）发胖

+weight

穿上，戴上

+衣物

eg Last month,Joan put on some weight.Mr.Weevers put on his hat and hurried out.3.pound cn 重量单位“磅”

.货币单位“英镑”

eg two pounds of milk

After the Sichuan earthquake,the British government gave away1,000,000 pounds.4.shoot down 击落，击毁

eg An US UAV was shot down in Iran last year.5.try to do sth 尽力做某事（但不一定成功）

.try doing sth 尝试做某事

eg She tried to climb onto the bank(河岸)，but failed.You always travel by train,why not try taking a bus for a change? 6.steal 偷，窃取（stole stolen）

.steal sth from 从……偷某物

eg The child stole a book from the shelf..have sth stolen 某物被偷

eg She had her purse（钱包）stolen.7.so……that……如此……以至于……

.so+adj/adv+that从句

.so+adj+a/an+单数名词+that从句

.so+many/few+复数名词+that从句

.so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句

eg He is so young that he can’t go to school.He made so many mistakes that he failed the exam..such……that……如此……以至于……

.such+a/an+单数名词+that从句

.such+复数名词/不可数名词+that从句

.such+a/an+adj+n+that从句

.such+adj+复数名词/不可数名词+that从句

eg He is such a good student that we all believe him.It was such bad weather that we had to stay at home.8.lay v 平放，放置(lay out 摆开，布置)

产卵，下蛋

eg Mrs,Turner laid out the flowerpots in her garden.How strange it is to see the hen lay two eggs a day!lie----lying----lay----lain 躺，位于

lie----lying----lied----lied 撒谎

lay----laying----laid----laid平放，产卵

9.admire vt 欣赏，观赏（admire sth 欣赏某物）

Vt 钦佩，羡慕（admire……for……因……而钦佩……）

eg Standing on the top of the mountain,you can admire the beauty of the whole city.We admire Ann for her courage.10.tie cn 领带

（a shirt and tie）

.v

拴，扎，系，绑（tie…to…将…拴到…）

eg It’s formal（正式）to wear a shirt and tie if you go to a party.Please tie your dog to the tree.11.感叹句的种类

How引导的感叹句

(1)How+adj+主语+谓语！(2)How+adv+主语+谓语!(3)How+adj+a/an+单数名词+主语+谓语！(4)How+主语+谓语！eg How blue the sky is!

How well she danced that day!

How interesting a book it is!

How time flies!

What引导的感叹句

(1)What+a/an+单数名词+主语+谓语！(2)What +不可数名词+主语+谓语！(3)What+复数名词+主语+谓语！

(4)What+a/an+adj+单数名词+主语+谓语！(5)What+adj+不可数名词+主语+谓语！(6)What+adj+复数名词+主语+谓语！eg What a horse it is!

What fun it was!

What colors they are!

What a nice girl she is!

What fine weather it was last week!

What silly questions they are.Section B

1.trick cn 恶作剧，闹剧

(play a trick on sb 捉弄某人)eg The kids played tricks on Harvey when he was young.2.treat cn 招待，款待

v

对待，把…看作(treat…as…把…看作…)

eg It’s my treat.Don’t treat his words as a joke.3.dress up as+sb 装扮成某人

dress up in+服装或颜色

穿上…

eg The kids are dressing up as pirates(海盗)Father Christmas often dresses up in red.4.mean adj 小气的，吝啬的，自私的(be mean with…对…吝啬)

v 意味着，意欲

mean doing sth 意味着做某事

mean to do sth 打算做某事

not mean to do sth 不是有意做某事

eg Mr.Marley was mean with almost everything.That would mean wasting a lot of labor.Really?I don’t mean to waste any labor.I don’t mean to be late ,sir.5.business un 商业，生意

.un 职责，事务，事(on business 出差)

.cn 商铺，商店

eg Sometimes,business English is hard to learn.Mr.Wang has gone to Hainan Island on business.She has a business in Paris.5.punish sb for(doing)sth 因为（做）某事而处罚某人

eg He was punished for breaking the school rules.6.warn sb of sth 警告某人某事

warn sb(not)to do sth 警告某人（不）做某事 warn sb +that从句

eg We’ve warned the kids of the risk of electricity.We’ve been warned not to go out these days.I warned her that snakes are dangerous.7.end up doing sth 最终成为…结果为…

eg I didn’t like it at first,but we ended up cheering.end up with 以…告终

eg Their game ended up with a quarrel.7.present un 现在，目前(at present)

.cn 礼物赠品

.adj 现在的，目前的

.出席的，到场的eg At present,everything goes well.My uncle sent me an iPad as a birthday present.What do you think of your present company,David?

The present guests were all in high spirit.8.spread v/n 传播，蔓延

eg The fire spread in a short time.China has successfully controlled the spread of bird flu.（禽流感）

9.hiding n 躲藏，隐藏处(in hiding 躲藏着;go into hiding 躲起来)eg Tom and his sister went into hiding when they heard the sound of their mother’s footsteps.10.hunt n 搜索，搜寻(hunt for)eg The hunt for the sunk ship(沉船)continue

11.not only…but also…不但…而且…(连接两个相对称的并列成分，若连接两个主语时要实行就近原则)eg Not only Mr.lin bt also his son loves the movies.Unit 3 Could you please tell me where

the restrooms are?

Section A

1.information un 消息（表示通过打听、学习、观察等方式获得的资料）

.news un 新闻，消息（指人们感兴趣的或近来发生的事情，尤指通过广播、电视、报纸等事情）

.message cn 消息，口信（指口头或书信传递给他人的消息）eg We need some information.He often sends me short messages.We listen to the news on the radio.2.Could you please+V原形…….？ 请你…….好吗？

.Could you please not+V原形……? 请你不要……好吗？

（其回答中不能用could,只能用can.即Yes,I can.或No/Sorry,I can’t eg Could you please be here a little earlier? Sorry,I can’t.3.beside prep 在旁边，在附近=next to/close to besides prep 除…之外还…

eg A girl is standing beside the tree.Dis anyone else come besides Jack? 4.get sb sth=get sth for sb(get是“买到，弄到，得到”之意)eg Who’d like to get some chalk for me?

=Who’d like to get me some chalk? 5.pardon v 原谅（主要用于没听清对方说话时，恳请对方再说一遍）

.excuse me 打扰一下（主要用于吸引别人的注意，有麻烦或打扰之意所做之事可能会使别人不愉快或不方便，诸如插话、失陪、提出请求、纹路等）eg Can I ask you some questions? Pardon? Excuse me,can you tell me where the bank is? 6.need v 需要（实义动词）

need to do sth 需要去做某事 need doing sth 需要被做某事 eg Harold needed to bring drinks.Potatoes need cooking a little longer.7.suggest v 使人想到，使人联想，提议，建议

suggest sth(to sb)=suggest(to sb)（向某人）提议/建议… suggest doing sth 提议/建议做某事

suggest +that从句（虚拟语气，其谓语用should+动词原形，should常被省略）eg What did you suggest to the manager? I suggested going home at once.I suggest(that)we go out to eat.8.psaa by 经过，路过，从…旁边经过

.go by 流逝，过去

eg He passed by without greeting me.Time goes by.8.宾语从句(2)类型

① 连词that引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，that无意义，that可省略 eg I think(that)she’ll be back soon.He didn’t know(that)his brother was also there.that在下列情况中不宜省略

主句与宾语从句间有插入语

eg She said here,in her letter,that she was getting on well with her studies.出现两个或以上的宾语从句，此时只有第一个that可以省略，其余的不能省略

eg Danny told me(that)he would go to Canada and that he had been there once.② 连词代词who,whom,what,which,whose和when, where,why,how等引导的宾语从句由特殊疑问句转化而来，这些连接代词或连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分，因此不能省略。

eg I want to know when he will come.I don’t know how many people have been to Tibet.Can you tell me how I can get to the train station? I wondered who would teach us English.③ 连词if或whether引导的宾语从句由一般疑问句转化而来，一般情况下这两个词可以互换，它们的意思为“是否”

eg She asked us if we would visit the West Farm.Please tell me whether it’ll rain or not tomorrow.下列情况中只能用whether

作介词的宾语从句

eg It depends on whether he’ll ready tomorrow.在“whether or not”结构中

eg I asked him whether or not he would go on a picnic.位于句首的宾语从句

eg Whether he’s alive,they’re not sure.在discuss后的宾语从句

eg They’re discussing whether they’ll go there.与动词不定式连用

eg I don’t know whether to visit her.(3)宾语从句的语序

宾语从句只能用陈述语序

① 疑问句转化为宾语从句时，一定要将疑问句语序转变为陈述句语序 eg Can you tell me where he lives? ② 疑问词本身作主语或修饰主语，因为该句子本来就是陈述句语序，变为宾语从句时，语序保持不变

eg Do you know who is going to speak at the meeting?(4)宾语从句的时态

宾语从句的时态受主句时态的限制

① 主句是现在时态，从句的时态不受限制，可依实际情况选用所需的时态。eg I hope we’ll have a happy year together.He tells me how it happened in the 1950s.② 主句是过去时态，从句的时态一般选用过去某一时态 eg John said he was watching a movie at that time.Did he tell you he had read that story? ③ 从句是客观真理，或是一种自然现象、科学原理、谚语、格言等，或是经常性的动作等，其时态用一般现在时

eg She said that east or west, home is best.Didn’t he tll you that the Venus is almost as big as our earth?(5)宾语从句与动词不定式的转换

① 主句的主语与从句的主语同指一人或物时 eg I know what I’ll do with the old bike.=I know what to do with the old bike.② 主句含双宾语，指人的宾语与宾语从句中的主语同指一人时 eg You didn’t tell me where I could find her.=You didn’t tell me where to find her.Section B

1.convenient adj 便利的，方便的（一般不以人作主语）常用It’s convenient(for sb)to do sth

eg I live just next to the supermarket, so it’s convenient to go shopping.It’s convenient for me to go there by bus 2.ask about sth 询问（打听）某事

ask sb for help 向某人求助 eg Did you ask about pets? Ask Mr.Li for help if you have any difficulty.3.request n 要求，请求(make a request/at one’s request 应…要求)

v 要求，请求

request sb to do sth 要求/请求某人做某事

request sth(from sb)（向某人）要求某物

request+that从句（从句谓语用should+动词原形，should可省略）

eg When you need something in a formal party,do you know how to make a request.I request her to go alone.She requested permissionto film(拍摄)at the White House.I request that she(should)go alone.4.whom 谁，什么人(是who的宾格形式，只能作宾语，一般可以用who代替，当介词后的whom不能被who代替)

eg Do you know who/whom Mr.Black is talking to?

With whom will I practice the convation? 4.be polite to 对…礼貌（反义词组：be impolite to）

eg You should be polite to the elderly.Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.Section A

1.humorous adj 有幽默感的，滑稽有趣的

humour n 幽默(sense of humour 幽默感)eg We all like Mr.Steen’s class because of his humorous behavior.Keep the sense of humour,and just laugh at your mistakes.2.from time to time 有时=sometimes/at times eg Mr.Xu swam in the river nearby from time to time./at times.3.It has been +时间+since +从句

从…以来已是…的时间。其中it指代时间，since引导的从句用一般过去时

eg It’s been nearby 10 years since we parted in the West Point.4.Asian adj 亚洲的，亚洲人的 cn 亚洲人

European adj 欧洲的，欧洲人的cn 欧洲人

African

adj 非洲的,非洲人的cn 非洲人

eg Singapore is one of the richest Asian countries.Asians are different from Europeans in skin and eyes.During the trip, we met some Africans.5.deal with 处理，应付（常与how连用，侧重于解决问题，强调处理问题的方法）

deal n 交易

(eg This is a good deal)do with 处理（常与what连用，侧重于对某物的利用）eg What have you done with the eggs? Have you found how to deal with the problem? 6.dare to do sth 敢做某事

eg Would you dare to ride an elephant? 7.not……anymore=no more 不再

eg The baby didn’t cry anymore.=The baby cried no more.8.be prepared to do sth 愿意做某事

be prepared for sth 准备某事

eg Are you prepared to help him out? A large camera was prepared for the party.9.a(large/big/small…)number of +复数名词+谓语动词复数

the number of +复数名词+谓语动词单数

eg A number of students in their class are from the countryside.The number of students in our school is over 2000.9.make it 办成功，做到，赶到

eg We’ll make it if you hurry.10.dark n 黑暗，无光

adj 暗的，深色的

eg All the lights went out,and we were left in the dark.It is getting dark,let’s hurry.11.alone adj 单独的，独自的

adv 单独地，独自地(=by oneself)

lonely adj 孤独的，寂寞的,偏僻的，荒凉的eg The old man lives alone,but he never feels lonely.The old man came from a lonely village.12.speech n 讲话，发言，演讲

make a speech on…做关于…的演讲 give a speech 讲演，讲话

eg People still remember the speech Martain Luther King gave.13.in public 在公众场合，当众，公开=in public place eg It’s rude to spit in public.14.be good at 擅长…..(长期情况下一直很好)be good in 在……表现出色（不一定在长期情况下一直很好）eg Alex is good at languages.Alex擅长语言。

It has been proved to be good in practice result.实践效果良好。

15.get good scores in+科目

get good scores+考试/测试

16.used to 的肯定句：主语 +used to do sth

否定句：主语 +didn’t use(used not/usedn’t)to do sth

一般疑问句：Did +主语+use to do sth?

Yes,主语+did./No,主语+didn’t

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+use to do sth?

Section B

1.one（两个中的）一个……the other另一个

one（三者或以上中的）一个……another另一个 …some一些……others另一些（并非全部）…some一些……the others其余的全部

eg He has two sons.One is working in Urumqi,and the other is in Germany.Would you like another cup of tea? Young people may grow quickly in some ways and slowly in others.Some are reading,others are doing their homework.2.influence vt.影响，起作用（influence sb to do sth）

n 影响，作用（have an influence on 对……有影响

with the influence of 在……影响下）

eg LuXun’s works influenced morden Chinese literature.His frequent absence has a bad influence on other students,so I suggest a conversation with his parents.It poured with the influence of the typhoon..3.seldom adv.很少，不常（反义词：often）

eg Jenny’s parents seldom collect her at school.4.cause v 引起……，导致，使发生，（给…）带来，事遭遇

cause sth to/for sb 给某人带来某事 cause sb to do sth 引起某人做事

eg His son used to cause a lot of trouble for his family.The drought caused the plants to die.5.be absent from 缺席

eg Liu Xiang was absent from many important events because his foot was hurt.6.fail to do sth 未能做……

not fail to do sth 从来不会忘记做…… eg Alison failed to finish working.Though she was hurrying,she didn’t fail to say “sorry”th the old man.7.make the decision to do sth=decide to do sth 决定做某事

eg He made a decision to study in England.8.advise doing sth 建议做某事

advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事 advise sb on sth 建议某人某事 eg He advised learning early.I strongly advise you to take a plane.They often advises us on our work.9.in person 亲自地，亲身地

eg You’d better experience water slides in person.10.be there for sb 随时乐于帮助（他人），随叫随到

eg When I have trouble with something,Mun is always there for me.11.take pride in 对……感到自豪

=be proud of 以……为骄傲

eg They take great pride in their daughter.Mr.Jameson was usually pround of his new car.12.remain 一直保持，仍然处于某种状态（后+adj/n/Ving）

eg He remained silent all the time.This still remains a serious problem.She remains working at night.Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?

Section A

1.be made of 由……制成（看得出原材料）

be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料）eg Tables and chairs are made of wood/ Paper is made from wood.be made in 某物生产于某地 be made by 某物由某人制造 eg Is this watch made in China?

These kites were made by my grandpa.2.be known for=be famous for 以/因……闻名

be known as=be famous as 作为……出名 be known to 对……来说有名/为人所熟悉的 eg Li Yundi is known for his piano skills.Li Yundi is known as a pianist.He is known to the policeman because of his criminal record.3.by hand 通过人工或手工

in hand 现有，在手头，在手中 eg be fed by hand Roses given,fragrance in hand.4.pack v 打包，装箱

pack sb sth 为某人打包某物 pack up sth 打包某物

eg Mum is packing her kid fast food.Have you packed up all the things needed? 5.no matter 不论，不管（常与特殊疑问词连用，构成让步状语从句）

no matter what=whatever 无论什么 no matter who=whoever 不管谁 no matter where=wherever 无论哪里 no matter how=however 无论怎样 6.product cn 产品，制品

product of ……出品

eg It is the product of Hongjinlong Cigarette Corporation.7.avoid vt 避免，回避

avoid doing sth 避免做某事

eg The traveler took a compass(指南针)with him to avoid taking wrong ways in the forest.8.experience cn 感受，经历

un 阅历，经验(后接in 或 of 表示某方面有经验)

vt 体验，有……经验

eg The car accident was a terrible experience to him.She is a teacher with more than 20 years’ experience in teaching.Have you experienced real hunger? 9． traffic un 车辆，交通（heavy traffic 拥挤的交通）

eg

Heavy traffic is a common problem in big cities.9.accident cn 事故，意外事件(car/traffic accident 交通事故，车祸)

cn 意外(by accident 偶然，意外地)

eg Poor David was killed in a car accident.Grandma fell downstairs by accident.10.sometimes 有时

some times 几次，几倍 sometime 某时

some time 一段时间

11.allow to do sth 允许做某事

allow sb（not）to do sth（不）允许某人做某事 be（not）allowed to do sth（不）被允许做某事 eg She allows me to come in.I am allowed to come in by her.Section B

1.paint v（用颜料）画，绘画；（用油漆）刷

n 油漆，涂料，颜料

eg He likes painting picyures.Wear old clothes when you are painting.The door will need two more coats of paint.2.form cn 形式，类型

in the form of 以……形式出现

eg The road to the village is in the form of a big “S”.3.send out 送出，发出，放出

eg It’s important to send out messages in time.4.in trouble 有麻烦，处于困难之中

eg Help him or her when someone is in trouble.5.be covered with 被…覆盖，长满…，开满…

eg The tree is covered with flowers now.He covered his knees with his coat.6.light vt 点燃，照亮

（light----lit----lit）

cn 灯，交通灯

un 光，光线

adj 轻的，浅色的，轻柔的，少量的eg A thunder(雷电)lit the forest.Turn on the light,please.Don’t read in too strong or too poor light.The box was light,you can carry it.7.scissors n 剪刀（常用复数形式）

a pair of scissors 一把剪刀

eg In that case,the scissors are more convenient.A pair of scissors is lying on the floor.8.fire v 焙，烘制/开火，开枪/解雇，解聘

n 火，炉火

eg It’ll be more delicious to fire potatoes,I suppose.He fired(his gun)at the animal.Tony was fired because of frequent absence(旷工).Make a fire

9.research un 研究，调查

research on/in/into/for……“……的研究”

eg She’s doing some research on students’daily life.Unit 6 When was it invented?

Section A

1.used to+V原形

过去常常做某事

be used to+Ving 习惯于，适应于

be used to+V原形=be used for+Ving 被用于… be used as+n名词

被用于… be used by+sb/sth 被……使用 eg I used to have short hair.I am used to drinking milk every morning.The machine is used to cut things =the machine is used for cutting things.English is used as a foreign language in China.The car is used by my uncle.2.pleasure un 愉快，高兴

cn 快乐的事

My pleasure./With pleasure.愿意，乐意

It’s a pleasure.=A pleasure.=My pleasure.不客气 3.by accident=by chance 偶然地

by accident of 靠……的运气

eg Columbus discovered America by accident.By accident of birth,he was rich.4.fall into=drop into 落入，陷入

eg The boy didn’t notice the pooland fell into it.5.smell v 闻起来，发出……的气味

n 气味

eg The flowers and grass in spring smell nice and pleasant.Some flowers have strong smells.6.taste v 品尝，尝起来

n 味觉

eg The fish tastes delicious.Her taste is keen.7.It’s believed that……人们相信……

It’s said that……据说……

It’s reported that……据报道…… It’s known that……众所周知…… 8.in+the+序数词+century 在……世纪

the 1840s=the 1840’s 19世纪40年代

eg The computer was invented in the twentieth century.9.until 直到……为止

not……until……直到……才……

eg He worked until 9 o’clock.他一直工作到9点。

He didn’t work until 9 o’clock.他九点才工作。

10.without doubt 毫无疑问，确实

no doubt 无疑地，很可能

eg China is without doubt one of the countries who own aircraft carriers.There’s no doubt that she’ll fly back to the USA.11.at a low price 价格的高低要用high/low，要用介词at the price of…

……的价格

eg The price of the shoes is so high that I can’t afford them.12.translate……into……把…翻译成…

LuXun’s works were translated into many different languages.13.被动语态

一般现在时的被动语态：

肯定句/陈述句：主语+am/is/are+Ved(过去分词)+其他+（by sb）.否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+Ved(过去分词)+其他+（by sb）.一般疑问句：am/is/are+主语+Ved(过去分词)+其他+（by sb）？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ am/is/are+主语+Ved(过去分词)+其他？ 过去时的被动语态：

肯定句/陈述句：主语+was/were+Ved(过去分词)+其他+（by sb）.否定句：主语+was/were+not+Ved(过去分词)+其他+（by sb）.一般疑问句：was/were+主语+Ved(过去分词)+其他+（by sb）？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ was/were+主语+Ved(过去分词)+其他？ 情态动词的被动语态：

肯定句/陈述句：主语+情态动词+be+Ved(过去分词)+其他+（by sb）.否定句：主语+情态动词+not+be +Ved(过去分词)+其他+（by sb）.一般疑问句：情态动词+主语+be+Ved(过去分词)+其他+（by sb）？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+be +Ved(过去分词)+其他？ 注意：

动词的主动形式表示被动之意

1).系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意。常见的系动词有： be动词, look, seem, appear, feel, sound, smell, taste等

eg It smells terrible.2).下列动词(词组)没有被动式： happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, take

An accident happened yesterday.3).不及物动词sell, wash, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。

eg This book sells well.这本书畅销。

The kind of cloth washes well.这种布很容易洗。

4).在英语口语中，有时可用“get+过去分词”构成被动语态。

eg I got dressed as quickly as l could.我尽快穿上衣服。

这样结构比较常见的搭配有：get arrested, get caught, get dressed, get drowned, get drunk, get lost, get married等。

Section B

1.fun un 有趣的活动或经历，乐趣

（good/great fun 很有趣，很愉快

have fun(in)doing sth=have fun with sth 做某事有趣）

adj 有趣的

funny adj 滑稽的，可笑的eg The Smiths are great fun.Did you have fun working with Brain,Jean?

Your son has a funny book.He is a fun person to be here.2.divide……into……把…分成…

eg Teachers usually divide their class into four groups.3.stop sb/sth from doing sth 阻止某人做某事/某事发生

stop doing sth 停止做某事 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 can’t stop doing sth 忍不住做某事

eg We must stop the ship from going down.Please stop smoking.I am tired.Let’s stop to have a rest.I couldn’t stop laughing when I heard this.4.get…into…使…进入或陷入…中

eg How can you get the insects into the tower? 4.not only……but also……不但…而且…

(连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与第二个主语保持一致)eg He not only named the rock,but also knew where it came from.Not only you but also he has been there before.5.encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事

eg The teacher always encourages us to work hard.6.come up with 想出，提出

eg He came up with a new idea for increasing sales.Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.Section A

1.smoke v 吸烟，冒烟

un 烟

eg Hey,guy!You mustn’t smoke here at the gas station.It’s dangerous.Don’t you believe that there is no smoke without fire.(无风不起浪)2.sixteen-year-old 既可以做adj“16岁的”，也可以做n“16岁的孩子”

eg My pen pal is a sixteen-year-old boy.Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to choose their own clothes.3.get ears pierced 穿耳洞

get/have+sth+动词过去分词

“叫/让/请别人做某事” eg I’ll have to get my broken bike repaired.4.choose sb sth=choose sth for sb 为某人选某物

choose sb to do sth 推选某人做某事 choose+wh-从句

eg I’m choosing a pair of shoes for my mother.I’d like to choose Mary to go there with me.Our teacher will let us choose where we should have our picnic.5.否定转移的五个常用词：suppose猜想；imagine想象；believe相信；think认为；expect期待。这几个词否定主句的谓语动词，而从句用肯定 eg I don’t think he will come.I don’t suppose he has paid yet.I didn’t expect that you would come.6.wear v 穿着，戴着

eg He often wears a sweater.He should stop wearing that silly earring.6.give sb a hug=hug sb 拥抱某人

eg Dad gave me a hug when he heard that I had won the first prize.=Dad hugged me when he heard that I had won the first prize.(hug---hugged---hugged---hugging)7.lift vt 举起，抬高（lift up）

n 电梯

eg The box is so heavy that I can’t lift it up.Take the lift to the ninth floor.8.talk back/shout back 回嘴，顶嘴

eg It’s impolite to talk back to your parents.9.regret doing sth 后悔做过某事（V）(regret—regretted—regretted—regretting)regret(not)doing sth 后悔没做过某事 regret to do sth 对要做的事遗憾（未做）to one’s regret 我感到遗憾的是（n）

eg He regretted spending so much on a car like that.I regret to have to do this,but I have no choice.Much to my regret,I’m unable to attend your wedding party.10.keep……(away)from……远离……

eg We must keep ourselves away from drugs.11.chance cn 机会，机遇

take the chance 抓住机会 miss a chance 错过机会

have a chance to do sth 有机会做某事

by chance=by accident 偶然地，无意之中地

eg You must take the chance to learn a lot when you’re young.The 30th Olympics will be held in London this summer.How I wish to have a chance to watch the games.I met Jim by chance yesterday.12.educate sb(not)to do sth 教育某人做某事

educate sb about sth 教育某人关于某事

eg The teacher educates the students not to swim in the river alone.12.manage vt 完成，应付，管理

manager n 经理

eg David managed to pass the driving test.His father is a manager.Section B

1.get in the way of 挡道，妨碍

eg Don’t play computer gamesso much.It will get in the way of your studies.2.against prep 反对，迎着，顶着，与….对比，紧靠，以…为背景

eg I’m against doing anything until the police arrive here.3.enter vt 进来，进去=come or go into(enter不与into连用)eg He entered the sitting room quietly.4.make a choice 做选择

eg You have to make the choice of where to spend the vacation,Jeff.5.Only then will I have a chance to chieve my dream.这是一个倒装句，助动词will置于主语I前面。

Only+状语+系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其他 eg Only tomorrow will we visit the museum.Only in the park did we see this kind of flower.6.be strict with sb 对某人要求严格

be stricy in sth 对某事要求严格 eg Is your mother strict with you? He is always strict in his work.7.be serious about sth/doing sth 对（做）某事认真

eg He was serious about the matter.I was serious about thinking about this problem.8.end up with 以什么结束

end up as 作为什么的结束 end up in 结束于什么

end up for 因为什么而结束

eg The meeting ended up with a song.(a song是主语The meeting 的一部分，即歌曲之后整个会议结束).Their effort ended up in failure(failure是主语Their effort 的结果).He ended up as head of the firm.8.have nothing against doing sth 不反对做某事

eg I have nothing against singing loudly.Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.Section A

1.whose 谁的（用于询问物品所属关系）

eg Whose iPhone 5S is this? I’m not sure.2.belong to 属于

（后接名词或宾格代词）

（belong to 没有进行时态，也没有被动语态）eg The new pen belongs to me.The honor belongs to Tom.3.happen 发生

（一般强调事情发生的偶然性，不用于被动语态）

take place 发生

（表示事先安排或有准备的“发生”）eg The sports meeting took place in our school last week.If anything happens to the machine,please let me know.4.sound(泛指人能听到的任何声音)voice（指人说话或唱歌的声音，即嗓音）noise(指难听的声音或动物发出的声音)eg What a beautiful voice she has!The letter “b” makes no sound in the word “climb”.Don’t make any noise in classd.5.there must be 一定有

eg There must be a way to solve the problem.6.情态动词中的must,can,could,may,might都可表推测。其中must的可能性最大,can/could次之,may/might最小。

Section B

1.must,could,might,can’t后用现在进行时，表示对现在正在进行的动作或说话瞬间或现价段的情况的推测。

eg He might/could be playing basketball now.2.express vt 表示，表达 expression n 表达方式

eg Everyone expressed his or her opinion at the meeting.It’s a idiomatic expression in English.3.mystery cn 谜，神秘的事情

eg Walk outside to research the mysteries of nature.4.raise vt 提高（强调把某物从低处抬到较高处，也可以用于提高工资，地位，价值等）rise上升，升高（表示人或物自身由低移向高处，常用于日月云雾，河水，价格等上升或上涨）

eg The boss raised his salary.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.5.purpose cn 目的，目标，作用

for……purpose 为了……目的 on purpose 故意地

6.prevent vt 阻止，阻挠

prevent…from 阻止做某事

eg I had to think of a way to prevent him from following me around all morning.7.honor v 尊重，表示敬意 n 荣誉，荣幸

in the honor of 纪念… honor sb 尊重某人

be honored with 被授予…

eg We should honor our teachers.A pavilion is built in the honor of QuYuan.At the end of the year,she was honored with the title “Advanced Worker”.8.a period of 一段时间

The Smiths have stayed in Guilin for a period of time.Unit 9 I like music that I can dance to.Section A

1.prefer=like…better 更喜欢

(prefer---preferring---preferred---preferred)prefer sb/sth 更喜欢某人/某事 prefer sb to do sth 更想某人做某事

prefer doing sth to doing sth 比起……更喜欢……/喜欢……胜过…… eg I prefer juice./I prefer her.I prefer you to drive,if you don’t mind.I prefer swimming to skating.2.along with 连同……一起=together with eg He came along with some friends.I sent the books along with the other things.3.suppose 认为，猜想，想像=think

suppose +that从句

suppose sb to be

be supposed to

eg Do you suppose that we’ll go for a walk after supper?I suppose not.It’s going to rain.We all suppose Jenny to be an excellent singer.Bin Laden was supposed to be shot in the air assault.4.spare adj 空闲=free

剩下，不用

in one’s spare time 在某人空闲的时间里

eg What do you usually do in your spare time? 5.in that case 既然那样，即使那样的话

eg Sorry, there’s no tea now.Well,in that case,I’ll have coffee.6.stick to 坚持，固守

eg Stick to your dream, and it may come true someday.7.down adj 悲哀的，沮丧的

let……down 使……沮丧

eg Recently Rita has been feeling down.Sam worked hard,because he didn’t want to let his boss down.8.cheer up 使振奋，使高兴起来

eg Tommy was sad,but he cheered up the next day.9.provide sth for sb 给某人提供某物=provide sb with sth eg The government should provide enough money for school.=The government should provide school with enough money.10.plenty of =a lot of =lots of 大量的，充足的，许多的(即可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词)eg There’s plenty of rain in my country.They had plentyof exercisesto do.11.shut off 关闭，停止运转

eg Nobody is in the hall.Shut off the fans.The washing machine shuts off every 5 minutes.12.sit back 轻松地坐在椅子上

eg Mum does the colors while dad sits back,watching TV.13.save v 拯救，节约，储蓄

save one’s life 救某人年的命

save sb sth 为某人节省某物或为某人保留某物 save sb from doing sth 免得某人去做某事 save sth for…把某物保存留作…用

eg Millions of lives can be saved if the medicine for AIDS is discovered.Traveling by air will save us at least 2 days.A good command of spoken English saved me from finding an interpreter everywhere.You’d better save some for later.14.once in a while 偶尔地，时而，间或

eg Since then we’ve never seen each other,but once in a while we write letters.15.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

定语从句的关系代词 who, that, which等和关系副词 where, when, why 等.(1)who 和 that 都可指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。eg

The students who/that do not study hard will not pass the exam.(做主语)

The boy(who/that)we saw yesterday is John’s brother.（做宾语）

(2)which 和 that 都可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。eg The cat which/that is under the chair is called Mimi.(作主语)The story(which/that)he told us is very interesting.（作宾语）

（3）whose 是who的所有格，可指人亦可指物，在从句中作定语，不能省略。

eg This is a house whose door faces the north.(作定语)(4)when 引导的定语从句，通常修饰表示时间的名词，when 在从句中作时间状语。eg This is the time when he arrived.（作时间状语）

(5)where 引导的定语从句，通常修饰表示地点的名词，where在从句中作地点状语。eg This is the room where I was born.（作地点状语）

(6)why 引导的定语从句，通常修饰表示原因的名词，why 在从句中作原因状语。eg Can you tell usthe reason why you won’t go there?(作原因状语)只用that引导的定语从句有：

(1)先行词是不定代词all, everything, nothing, anything, much, little, few等时。eg Is there anything(that)you don’t know?(2)先行词被all, every, any, no, little, much等修饰时。eg I want to read all the books that were written by LuXun.(3)先行词被序数词及形容词最高级修饰时。

eg This is the second book(that)I borrowed from the school library.(4)先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same修饰时。eg This is the last thing that I want to do.(5)主句是以who, what, which开头的特殊疑问词时。eg Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat? 定语从句补充

关系词只用which不用that的情况： 1.关系代词前有介词时

This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.2.非限定性定语从句中

That ring, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday.3.先行词本身是that时

What’s that which is under the sofa? 关系副词when、where、why的用法

当主句中的先行词是表示时间/地点/原因的名词时，它只能作定语从句的时间状语/地点状语/原因状语，关系副词when/where/why放在定语从句句首。如果定语从句的引导词是作该定语从句的主语或宾语，则要改用关系代词that或which来引导。I'll never forget the day when I was born.The day(that/which)I always remember in all my life is my birthday.The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.(地点状语)That is the factory(that/which)they visited last month.（宾语）He works in a factory that /which makes radio parts.（主语）That’s the reason that/which he explained to us.That’s the reason why she left home.Section B

1.sense vt 感觉到，意识到，后常+that从句

cn（对物体的）感觉

have the sense that

cn 意识

come to one’s senses 恢复理智，醒悟过来

bring sb to one’s sense 使某人恢复理智或醒悟过来

eg Durling the talk,I had the sense that he was just pretending.Kevin came to his senses half an hour later.2.pain n（肉体上的）疼痛，痛苦，苦恼

in pain 痛苦

a sharp pain 剧烈的疼痛 a dull pain 隐痛

eg Doctor.I have a pain in my arm.Take this medicine the moment you’re in pain.3.amazing adj 了不起的，令人诧异的

amazed adj 感到惊奇的，觉得诧异的

eg Can I have a look at your amazing bargain? I was not amazed at his visit last week.4.pity cn 可惜的事，遗憾的事

常用于“it’s a pity 可惜”和“what a pity 真可惜”

eg It's a pity that grandma missed the get-together.pity un 遗憾，怜悯

pity for sb 怜悯某人

eg I feel no pity for him at all.pity vt 同情，怜悯

pity sb 同情/怜悯某人

eg Everyone here pities Susan who has to bring up all the five kids by herself.4.in total 总共

a total of 总共……

eg There are 17 students dropping out of school in total.This month we’ve got a total of $500000.5.praise sb for sth 表扬某人某事

eg The headmaster praised Tommy for his bravery.6.recall vt 回忆起，回想起

recall doing sth 回想起做某事 eg I can’t recall losing anything.Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands.Section A

1.bow vi

鞠躬

bow low 深鞠躬

bow one’s thanks 鞠躬致谢

bow down 鞠躬

2.where I’m from=in/at/to+the place+where+定语从句

eg Where there’s a will,there’s a way.3.be relaxed about 对……宽松（随意）

eg Our boss was relaxed about the attendance.4.drop by 顺便造访，偶然访问

eg We dropped by the factory.5.as……as sb can=as……as possible 尽可能……

You’re have to drive as carefully as you can.6.the capital of ……的首都

eg Beijing is the capital of China.7.after all 毕竟，终究，到底（可放于句首，也可放于句末）

eg Mary didn’t pass the exam,but after all, she had done her best.8.get mad at/with sb 生某人的气

eg Mum got mad at me when I got home at around midnight as usual.9.make an effort to do sth 努力/作出努力做某事

eg Before the party, Betty made an effort to plan everything well.10.clean off 把……从……擦去

eg The boss required us to clean the pictures and drawings off the gate wall.11.take off 脱下

（反义词组：put on）

起飞

（反义词组：land）

eg In Japan,it’s polite to take off your shoes before entering the room.By the time the police went there,the UFO had taken off.12.be worth doing sth 值得做某事

eg The movie is so wonderful that it is worth watching a second time.Section B

1.empty adj 空的（反义词：full）

be empty of

v

排空，倒空（反义词：fill）

empty sth into 将某物全部倒入…… 2.hit sb+on/in/by+the+身体部位

打/抓某人的……

eg John hit him on the nose.2.point at 近指

point to 远指

eg The robber pointed his pistol at Kate.She pointed to the house on the corner and said ,”That’s where I live.”

3.at the table 在餐桌旁

at table 在吃饭

eg At the table is a Christmas tree.The Blacks are at table.4.exchange sth 交换某物

in exchange of 交换

eg We exchanged our opinions about the game before the meeting.Lily gave me some sweets in exchange of a bottle of juice.5.go out of one’s way to do sth=try to do srh 特地做某事，想尽办法做某事

eg They went out of their way to help her.6.feel……at home 随便，自由自在（有时可换成be at home）

eg She always feels at home in her friend’s house.7.except 除了，除去（表示从整体中除去一部分）

expect for 除了，除去（表示除去的部分与前文或后文提到的部分不属于同一类）besides 除了……以外（还有）

eg Everyone rests on weekends expect the guard.(保安和大家属于同一类)His composition is really great except for a few spelling mistakes.（除去的mistake与前文提到的composition不属于同一类）

The students went to the aquarium besides the teachers.8.get used to doing sth=be used to doing sth 习惯于/适应于做某事

eg Did you get used to sleeping late,Jimmy? 9.suggest=advise v 建议

suggestion cn 建议 advice un 建议

suggest doing sth 建议做某事=make a suggestion to do sth suggest sb for……推荐某人做某事 eg He suggested travelling on a train.10.show up 出席，露面

eg Most of the people invited didn’t show up.Unit 11 Sad movies make me cry.Section A

1.would rather(not)+V原形

（不）宁可/愿……

would rather do……than do……宁愿……而不愿意…… =prefer to do……rather than do…… eg He’d rather stay at home.He’d rather not get a lamp on the Internet.The old man would rather walk there than take a bus.=The old preferred to walk there rather than take a bus.2.drive sb +adj(crazy/mad)迫使某人….(强调一个逼迫性)drive sb to do sth 迫使某人做某事 drive sb to sw 开车送某人去某地

eg What you’ve done at school nearly drives your parents crazy.It was her pride that drove her to attend the party.It's getting dark/Let me drive you home.3.the +比较级……the+比较级……越……,就越……

more and more……越来越…… eg The more,the better.Our hometown is getting more and more beautiful.4.leave out 忽略，忽视，冷落

be/feel left out 被忽略/被忽视

eg A munber of children feel left out at home.5.call in 叫来，招来

6.neither……nor……既不…也不…(谓语动词根据就近原则)eg Neither you nor I am mad either…or…/not only…but also…（适用于就近原则）7.power un 权力，力量

in power 执政 lose power 下台

take power 取得权利 8.wealth un 财富，财产

wealthy adj 富有的。富裕的=rich 9.it’s true that+从句的确，诚然……

eg It's true that I’m running out of money.10.to start with 首先，第一

=at first start with 以……开始

eg To start with,he is just a child.His illness started with a high fever.11.make +宾语+adj 使…处于某种状态

make+宾语+do sth 使…做某事（被动式：be made to do sth）make +宾语+过去分词

使…怎么样 make +宾语+n 使…成为…

make +it +adj+that从句

让…怎么样 eg Rainy days make me sad.Sad music makes me want to leave.I just couldn’t make myself understand while talking to a foreigner.If someone came to set me free,I would make him king over the earth.I want to make it clear that it’s not a waste of time.Section B

1.search for 搜寻，搜索(v)=in search of(n)eg The neighborhood search for the cat burglar.= The neighborhood are in search of the cat burglar.2.weight un 重量，分量

weigh v 称…..的重量 lose weight 减少体重 put on weight 增加体重

watch one’s weight 注意体重

under the weight of 在……的重压下

3.whole 所有的（强调整体，后接单数名词，与冠词the搭配为the whole）

all 所有的，全部的（强调个体，后接复数名词或不可数名词，与冠词the搭配为all the）eg the whole country/the whole of China all the time/all my friends 4.let……down=disappoint 使失望

let……in/out 让……进入/出去

eg I haven’t done it well.I’ve let you down.5.kick……off 开除

kick off 开球/(会议等)开始

eg The boss won’t kick you off the company if you don’t mean to do that.When did the soccer game kick off,Mike? Be quick!Our class meeting will kick off at 3 o’clock.6.courage un 勇气，胆量

take courage 需要勇气

7.rather than=instead of 而不是（常接两个人并列的成分，若连接的是两个介词时，即使介词相同，rather than后面的介词也不能省略）

eg I like going out with you rather than with your sister.8.pull together 齐心协力 eg Soccer is teamwork,so we need to pull together.9.relief un 减轻，解脱，欣慰（to one’s relief 使…感到欣慰）

relieve v 减轻，消除，使…宽慰（be relieved to do sth 做某事感到欣慰）eg To our relief,all the pandas survived the earthquake.They were relieved to hear the news.10.in agreement 同意地

be in agreement with 和….意见一致

eg They were all in agreement with what I said.11.offer sb sth=offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物

= provide sb with sth=provide sth for sb eg The company IBM offered him a good job with good salaries.ofer to do sth 主动做某事

eg My roommate offered to help me wash my sheet.Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected.Section A

1.by the time=before 在……之前

eg By the time I got to the station,the train had already gone.2.go off 发出响声，离开，消失

eg Any bells go off? 3.rush out 快速跑出，冲出

eg We rushed out to see what’s happening.4.give……a lift=give……a ride 捎……一程

eg My car runs out of gas,could you give me a lift? 5.be about to 即将，马上

eg Hurry up!The train is about to leave.6.block n 街区/木块，一大块

eg Could you show us around the block? Just put a block of ice in the pool.7.stare vi 盯着看，凝视（常用于搭配stare at）

eg Caroline stared at the moving creature breathlessly.8.disbelief un 不信，怀疑（常用于in disbelief 不相信地，怀疑地）

disbelieve v 不相信，怀疑

eg Andrew looked over the pack in disbelief.There is no need to disbelieve her.9.above 在……上（不接触，不垂直）

on 在……上面（接触）

over 在……上（不接触，垂直）10．过去完成时

肯定句：主语+ had+Ved(过去分词)+其他

否定句：主语+ had +not+Ved(过去分词)+其他 一般疑问句：Had+主语+Ved(过去分词)+其他?

Yes,主语+had./No,主语+hadn’t.Section B

1.get dressed=be dressed 给……穿衣（后接人而不是物）

常构成短语dress sb 或dress sb in+衣服或颜色 eg He couldn’t dress himself when he was 5.Mum usually dressed her twin sons in the same color.2.costume un 服装，戏装，装束

a costume party 化装舞会

eg That man is a costume designer.She is in costume in the picture.3.embarrassed adj 窘迫的，害羞的，尴尬的

be embarrassed about 对……感到尴尬 embarrassing 令人为难的，令人尴尬的 eg I’m embarrassed about what to say.That’s an embarrassing moment.4.sell out 卖完，售完

常用于被动结构be sold out eg The tickets for the stars concert were sold out within 2 days.5.discovery cn 发现，发觉（尤指重大发现或第一次发现），常用于make a discovery discover v 发现

eg Which of the following discoveries do you think is the most unexpected? The police discovered that Deng’s son was taking drugs.6.ending cn 结局（指时间结束，动作末尾或位置末端）

end n/v 结尾/结局（指故事，小说，电影，戏剧等的结尾，结局）eg The film has a happy ending.That was not the end of the story.7.announce v 发表，宣告（尤指新闻之类的消息）

announce sth to sb

eg It was announced that there would be a party on Saturday evening.Jim announced to us his encouragement to Kate.8.fool v 愚弄，欺骗（fool sb into doing sth 哄骗某人做某事）

n 愚人，傻瓜（make a fool of…愚弄…）

eg He fooled me into going with him.What a fool I was to believe what he said!9.disappear vi 消失，不见（反义词：appear）

disappearance n 消失

eg All the flowers disappeared overnight.The boss’ disappearance was a great worry.10.keep doing sth 一直做某事，继续做某事

keep in doing sth 不断地做某事

keep(sb/sth)+adj 使某人/某物处于某种状态 keep…from doing sth 阻止做某事 eg My dog keeps bring home something,such as old shoes,tooth brushes and even toys.They kept the fire(in)burning the whole night.It’s first thing to keep warm.Hey,guys!Keep the room clean and tidy.Be careful!Keep the glass from falling to the ground.Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth.Section A

1.at the bottom of 在…底部（反义词组：at the top of）2.litter un 垃圾，废弃物=rubbish/trash

v 乱扔，乱丢

eg Put them into the litter basket.Don’t litter the ground with paper.3.turn…into…把…变成…=change…into…

eg We can turn water into ice when it is cold enough.4.it/sth cost(s)+(sb)+钱

it/sth take(s)+时间+(to do sth)sb pay(s)+(sb)+钱+for sth/pay for sth(赔偿某物 sb spend(s)+时间/钱+on sth/(in)doing sth eg The English dictionary costs me more than 100 yuan.It took me about 10 minutes to get to the bus stop.You’ll have to pay for the library book if you lose.Hoe long have you spent in learning to ride a bike? 5.make a difference 起作用，有影响

make a big difference=make all the difference 有很大的影响、使…大不一样 make no difference 没有影响、对…无所谓 6.be cruel to…对…残忍

eg We must be cruel to enemies but friendly to friends.7.be harmful to 对…有害

eg Smoking is harmful to our health.8.industry un 工业，行业（泛指一个地区的工业）

cn 工厂企业，生产行业

eg Industry is preferentially developed in this country.A large number of high-tech industries are springing up in China.9.take part in 参加=play a part in（后接运动、比赛、演讲等表示一群人的活动，并在活动中负有责任）

eg Class Three all want to take part in the sports meeting.9.afford v 负担得起、买得起、抽出（常与can/be able to连用）

afford sth /afford to do sth eg I can’t afford the house.Can you afford to go out for a picnic this week.10.turn off 关闭（常指关闭电器，水龙头，煤气等）反义词组：turn on

Section B

1.throw away 扔掉，抛弃

eg Don’t throw away napkins everywhere.2.put sth to good use 好好利用，充分利用

eg I love to read,so I want to work in the after-school care center.I can put my love to good use by helping young children to read.3.hear of=hear about 听说

hear from 收到……来信

eg I don’t know YuDan,but I have heard of her.She hasn’t heard from her mother for a long time.4.build…out of 用……材料建造……

eg What did they build it out of? 5.pull down 拆除，推到

eg There is nothing to be done with the building but pull it down.6.upside down 上下颠倒，倒转，倒置

eg He put a pot upside down and asked us to guess what’s in it.7.be an inspiration to sb 对某人是一个鼓舞

eg LeiFeng’s short lfe is an inspiration to people.8.us all 我们大家（all作us的同位语）

eg This is Mr.Li,premier of our country.They can leave it to you three.Happy New Year to you all!9.set up 创建，创办

eg They’ve set up an afterschool volunteer center.10.bring back 恢复，使人想起，归还

eg They’ll bring back physical test in NMT.The TV play always brings back my old days in the hometown.I’d like you to bring it back for you.11.creativity un 创造力，独创性

eg Don’t you think some of the world’s wonders were the result of ancient people’s creativity.create v 创造---creative adj 有创意的---creation n 创造---creativity n 创造力

Unit 14 I remember meeting all of you in

Grade 7.Section A

1.standard cn 标准，水平

meet/reach a standard 达到标准

above/below standard 高于/低于标准

2.in a row 连续地，一连几次地/成一排或行

eg Poor Danny,his house has heen broken in a row.The children put the chairs in a row.3.instruction cn 致使，命令，说明（常用复数形式）

eg We’ve got the instructions that no one is allowed to enter the campus.Did you follow the instructions,sir? 4.put in 投入

eg More money must be put in if you want it to be finished ahead of time.5.make a mess 弄得一团糟，把……搞得一塌糊涂

eg Don’t make a mess in my bedroom,kids.6.graduate vi 毕业，获得学位（常用短语：graduate from）

cn（大学）毕业生

graduation un 毕业

eg She graduated from Cambridge University, a well-known university.The government should create more opportunities to work for graduates，Helen’s worked as an artchitect since graduation.7.keep one’s cool 沉住气，保持冷静

eg There’s only 5 minutes left,keep your cool.Section B

1.believe in 相信……存在，信赖

eg People need a government to believe in.2.congratulate vt 祝贺

congratulate sb on/upon sth 因某事向某人祝贺 congratulation n 祝贺

eg We congratulate you on successfully launching Shenzhou X spaceship.3.be thirsty for 渴望，渴求 4.5.6.7.8.9.eg The soccer team is really thirsty for the victory.consider doing sth 考虑做某事

eg She was considering moving to a large city.be thankful to 感激，感谢

eg I’d like to be thankful to all the people who lent me a hand.ahead of 在…前面（常用短语：ahead of time 提前）eg There are 8 people ahead of me.Can you tell me something about it ahead of time.be responsible for 对….负责任

eg The police said that Mr.Chen was responsible for the car accident.separate from 从…分离，分开 separate…from…

把…和…分开

divide…into…

把…分成…(强调把整体分成若干部分)eg We simply will not tolerate that Taiwan separates from our country.Charlie,would you separate your books from mine? Use a knife,divide the apple into parts.set out 动身，启程，出发

set out for=set off for=leave for 启程去…… set out to fo sth 开始做、着手做…

eg We packed our things and set out for the village.He set out to repair the TV set himself.