成人高考英语写作的困境与对策[五篇范例]

第一篇：成人高考英语写作的困境与对策

成人高考英语写作的困境与对策

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考生在英语写作时面临一些困境和问题，主要有以下几点：

一、滔滔不绝“意识流”

有一部分考生在考试时一见到作文题，便感到很对自己的胃口，觉得有很多内容要写。于是乎千言万语涌上心头，写着前一句想着后一句。往往前句尚未写完便接上了后一句，辛辛苦苦写了一大堆（甚至有写11个自然段的）犹觉余意未尽。结果令判卷的老师头疼不己，无法继续往下看。原因就在于这种没有构思、未理提纲的作文章法太乱，语言质量差。无论是四、六级考试还是研究生入学考试，我国的作文试题都是规定式作文（controlled writing），这跟国外考试（如TOEE）不一样。因此，写作时必须按给出的提纲或提示去写，任何过于放任自由的做法都是不可取的，更不要另有所图，滔滔不绝。这是进入实际操作前的一个基本认识问题，稍不留神就会出问题。

要控制这种“意识流”的写法，必须严格按照三点提纲来写。假如第一段要求描述某个现象，务必不要先进行原因分析，否则到了第二段该分析原因的时候就没东西可写了。明智的做法是投其所好，该如何就如何，这一原则适用于所有的考试。另外，有的考生一方面有话则多，一发而不可收，控制不了自己；一方面无话则隐，该说的话没有说出来。我们不妨把作文的要求量化到每一个段落：一篇200词左右的作文一般不会超过15句话，把这15句话根据题目要求分配到各段中去，每一段大模只说那么几句话，绝不多说。事实上往往是说得越多，错误越多。因此，跟着提纲走，每一段不要写得太多，点到为止，见好就收，这才是最稳妥的对策。

二、无话可说真难受

无话可说是滔滔不绝的对立面。有的考生题目看得懂，提纲也一目了然，就是不知道该说什么，在考场上头脑一片空白，想到的也只是空泛的东西。这是一种常见的现象。在这种情况下，即使是用中文也难以写好，更何况要用英文去表达。针对这一情况，办法就是要善于联想到一些具体的事实、具体的例证以及具体的现象。比如说，要谈论电视节目这一话题，可以联想到新闻联播，并由此想到它让人们开阔视野，了解世界。但有人觉得话题太熟悉了，反而一时说不出什么来。其实，作文题一定是永恒的话题，在任何时候都可以讨论；或为当代话题，让所有的人都有话可说。题目是公平的，绝对不会让某一专业的考生有特别的优势。所以，考生一定能联想起具体细小的事情，再形成观点。把看得见摸得着的事物带来的思考变成作文里的实质内容，这不失为一种很好的策略。例如，计算机的利与弊这个话题似乎太大，但是可能想到的具体的现象是小孩、学生要在计算机前玩计算机游戏。由此带来的思考是，这些学生整天呆在那里对他们的mind是有害的，并waste a lot of time.因此，当头脑出现空白时，应该由具体细小的、琐碎的、微不足道的事物所引发的思考形成观点，再进行论述。这种定式思维的形成需要多下功夫多练习。从无话可说到有话可说，下面的例子让人不无启发。在种种场合下，经常要欢迎领导讲几句话。领导往往首先开口说：同志们大家好，我利用这个机会讲三句话。讲第一句话时，脑子里不知道第二句话是什么，讲第二句话时，根本就没想第三句话要说什么。但他最终说了三句话，以“谢谢大家”结束讲话。

领导讲话“1、2、3”成了一种定式，他总能找到有关内容讲几点，这种功夫是长期磨练的结果。

写作文也一样，平时需要多多练习这种思维。

三、真情流露没必要

考试时，监考老师通常发现有的考生坐在那里根本就是在玩深沉，他在那里思考人生的伟大哲理；他在那里要想出一个观点，想出一个理由，想出一个措施，非要显得与众不同。陷入这种境地的考生，显然犯了一个根本性的错误。参考时间为40分钟的作文，一般应该在35分钟之内完成，再用几分钟的时间检查语言错误。可有的考生十几分钟一句话都写不了，就是因为他太进入角色了，他想向判卷的老师掏心掏肺。这是一个很大的误区。

考作文的目的纯粹是通过这一命题形式，考查考生的英语水平如何。命题人关注的是书面表达能力，而不是看一个人有没有内容，思想有没有深度。以2000年考研作文题为例（为什么海洋里的鱼越来越少），原因基本成立，内容相关即可，根本没有必要想破脑袋去找原因，不要去猜测判卷的老师喜欢什么观点。只有当作文明显跑题时，内容才体现出其重要性。不管原因也好，措施也好，某一考生想到的任何一点，很可能命题人早已料到，而且肯定会被成千上万的考生重复无数遍。因而曾经令自己激动一时的想法，在判卷的老师看来全无感觉。规定式作文的拓展空间本来就非常有限，所以“真情流露”是没有必要的。

四、英语表达憋得慌

如果说以上几点都明白了，剩下的最大障碍就是用英语表达意思很困难。对于这一点，首先要树立信心。实际上，大部分考生都受过正规的大学英语教育，即使是一些自学的考生，其英语水平也足以写好一篇考研作文。关键在于要把这种潜力挖掘出来。《朗文词典》（Longman Dictionary）的最大特点，就是用2000个核心词来解释几十万个词条，而且词条大都有几个义l项。由此可见，并不一定要用多么复杂l的英语来表达，也不一定非得添加一些高难度的单词以加深判卷老师的印象。事实上，简单的语言也能表达复杂的事物。著名的美国作家海明威的作品以其明白晓畅的语言吸引了千千万万的读者，就是一个明证。

要求考生运用英语思维来写作文是不现实的。如果能用英语思维，也就谈不上会遇到多大的困难了。在实际写作过程当中，脑子里想的是中文句子，然后把一个一个的中文句子译成英文。在翻译的时候努力寻求一一对应的关系，希望找到与中文词对应的英文单词。结果句子结构和单词的选用受到中文的影响，自己感觉上也是“憋”得费劲，或者觉得表达出来了，意思差不多，而实际上给人的感觉依然还是中文。若是让老外来看这篇作文的话，也许根本就弄不清楚文章的内容，而判卷的中国老师在判卷时往往能想象出文章是怎样写出来的。在这种情况下，出路在于把中文译成英文时，不要去追求一一对应的关系，而应该“得其意，忘其形”（get the meaning，forget the form），忘掉中文的语法结构，句法形式则可能要整个地打乱，“钻进去，跳出来”。所谓“钻进去”就是要看意思是否到位了，“跳出来”就是要忘记中文的语言形式。实际上把英文译成中文，也是一样的道理，关键是要在转换中把意思表达出来。如果写出来的句子整个结构都在对应，无异于用英语词说中国话，这显然是不合适的。

词汇掌握有限的考生，可以经常看一看朗文词典中词条的英文注解，这对于提高写作的表达能力会有巨大的帮助。整部词典成千上万的词义全部用2000左右常用词汇解释。随意翻开词典的任何一页，找出其中不认识的单词，然后看后面的英文注释。要找不认识的单词，因为在急于知道意思的情况下看注解，印象才深刻。要先学人家怎么表达，再学会自己表达。有的人简单地认为，只要记了单词和语法，就可以高兴怎么表达就怎么表达，这样的人永远学不好英语。记住一个词跟学会使用这个词是两码事。BBC的一个材料上说，英国农民一辈子最常用的、基本上能够表达他所有情感世界和日常生活的词大概不到一千。农民也有喜怒哀乐，在这一点上，一个农民的情感世界跟一个伟大诗人的情感世界是没有什么区别的，而且用简单的语言把复杂的意思表达出来也可谓之伟大。对于一个一时找不着词的概念，‘应该用一种迂回曲折的方式把意思表达清楚。或用一个短语，或用一个从句，或三言两语，如果没出什么语言错误的话，这也算是一种伟大！

针对英语表达“憋得慌”的情况，必须摒弃翻译中追求一一对应的关系并机械地把中文译成英文的方法，应该把中文句子结构彻底地忘记，然后用比较简单的“万能”英语表达。平常不妨做一做这样的练习，通过阅读不认识的词条的英文注解，然后试着把单词译成中文词，再去对照英汉词典的汉语释义，慢慢地就会开始领会用英语表达的门道了。之所以强调这样做，是因为朗文词典语言简明，例句来自活生生的现实生活，不同于传统的英语词典从文学作品里摘录例句的做法。正因为如此，其词汇量比较贴近我们的词汇基础，只要读得多占自然就会明白这样好。做的奥妙，进而受其影响。

五、处于被动危害大

尽管考研作文为规定式命题，但考生仍可积极主动地把作文写。其主动性在于采取回避的策略：表达上采取迂回的方式，即运用不很复杂的语言，内容的取舍上避重就轻地写比较易于表达的内容。很多人在写作过程中从头至尾都处于被动状态，当有内容想要表达清楚的时候，却又发现种种途径都不可能表达好，只好硬着头皮把自己意识到没把握的东西勉强写上去。毫无疑问，这种连自己都意识到可能是错误的东西，只会产生于己不利的负面作用。所以，当有的内容感觉一点找不着、英语实在表达不清楚的时候，就应该彻底地放弃。开动脑筋多想几点内容、理由和措施，假设想到四条理由，但因为语言表达的问题，其中一条理由说不清楚，那么就应当机立断地把它放弃，写上另外三点理由就可以了（或许两点就够了）。由此可见，积极主动的态度会使自己在考试中有更大的灵活性。

单词拼写错误多也是考研作文的一大问题。例如，opinion错拼为opium，结果in my opinion成了in my opium（在我的鸦片中）！常用单词是不能拼错的。有的单词平时会拼写，考试时突然没把握了，比如modern sod-ety，假如不知道modern与IElorden哪一个是对的，不妨换成society today或today‘s society，或许还能想起另外一个难度大一点、拼写有把握的con-tempomy来代替modem.应该回避明确知道自己不会拼写的词：如果没法换一个词，将句子改换一种说法亦未尝不可。有的考生在考卷上没把握的地方标上问号，或者两种可能都写上，让判卷老师判断后选择其中一个，这是不可取的，是有害的。

总之，不能让自己陷人被动，想说什么、用什么方式说，说多少、说到什么时候，说到什么程度，一切都应由考生主动把握，这样才会减少心理上的压力，更好地发挥出自己应有的写作水平。

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第二篇：成人高考英语写作

现在，很多学生对父母不是很尊敬，甚至和父母争吵动手。针对这种现象，写信给某报编辑，请提出一些具体的建议，让同学们树立尊敬长辈的意识，发扬中华民族的传统美德。Dear editor，Nowadays, there exists an increasingly severe phenomenon that teenagers don’t show respect to their parents.As we can read in newspaper or watch in TV, some teenagers quarrel with parents, some talk back and some even resort to violence.As to this problem, I’d like to advance several proposals as follows.Initially, we should realize that it’s our parents who give us lives.Without parents, we can not live in this world.Therefore, the importance of respecting our parents can not be overemphasized.What’s more, it goes without saying that we have to remember the birth day of our parents, when we can express our gratitude to them.None the less, respecting our parents should be done from every detail.Just as a proverb goes, “piety is above all.”(百善孝为先)

To sum up, respecting parents is our traditional virtue in China.No matter how old we are, it’s a priority to respect our parents.Knowledge is Power(观点阐释型）

针对知识就是力量这句话，结合实例来谈谈对它的体会和感受。

首先，写出这句话的寓意，和启示。然后，结合具体的事例，阐释为什么知识就是力量。最后，我们作为青年人应该怎么去实践这句话。

There goes a famous proverb, “knowledge is power.” We can be informed a great deal from it.Without knowledge, by no means can we achieve our life goal.Knowledge is like the wind in the ocean, which helps us-the boats move swifter towards the right direction.As is frequently heard, “knowledge can change one's fate.” My brother-in-law is an exact explanation for this sentence.He was born in a remote countryside in Sichuan, whose parents are both farmers.Via his great efforts, he was enrolled in Peking University and became an excellent doctor in a prestigious hospital after graduation.Whenever taking about his experience, he always tells us “knowledge did change his fate.”

Taking the above mentioned into consideration,I suppose it is a wise option to concentrate on study from now on.Believing the power of knowledge, we can create miracles not only for us but for our nation.金钱是一切吗？In Money Everything？

I don't think money is everything,but we can't do without it.Fox example,money can't buy us happiness and a good education.And for another example,money can't buy us good health and a long life.But we can not live without money.We need it for our daily necessities such as food,clothes and transportation.What's more,we need it to live a better life.In short,we should learn the value of money and make the most of its advantages.1、一些人喜欢住在城市，因为城市生活有许多便利。

2、但有些人喜欢住在农村。

3、我认为，„„

Where to live —in the City or in the Country

Some people like living in the city because city life has many advantages.They think there are more job opportunities in cities,life there is more colorful and meaningful than that in the country,and there are more modern conveniences in cities for people to enjoy.But some other people prefer to live in the countryside.They say life in the countryside is closer to nature and better for their health,life there is quieter and that country people are more honest than city people.I would like to live in a city when I am young to earn enough money and I live in the countryside when I am old for having a quite life.你叫李平，是英语系学生会主席。写一封信给王教授，请他做一个有关中国历史的报告。注意信中要包括目的、时间、日期和地点。Ⅴ.Writing

May 19,2002

Dear Professor Wang：

On behalf of the Student Union of the English Department,I am writing to invite you to give a lecture on Chinese history.We have planned to have such a lecture at 2:30 p.m.in Lecture Hall 419,on May 25.Looking forward to your lecture.Inform us in advance if you can not come.Sincerely yours，Li Ping

男女应该平等吗？（Should Men and Women Be Equal？）

Should Men and Women Be Equal？

People have different ideas about this issue,Some people say that men are superior to women in ability because men are physically stronger,do most of the hard labor in the world and hold most important positions.Other people believe that women have the ability to compete with men.There have been many famous women state leaders and great scientists in the world.We should fully carry out the principle “to each according to his work” so that the enthusiasm of both men and women for work can be fully aroused.1、在中国，自行车是最为流行的交通工具。

2、骑自行车有许多好处。

3、自行车的未来„„

The Bicycle in China

The bicycle is the most popular means of transportation in China.China is a country “on bicycle wheels”.People ride them for various purposes such as going to and from school and work.Bicycles are very cheap and easy to buy in China.There are many advantages to riding a bicycle.First,using a bicycle can greatly help reduce the air pollution in many big cities.Second,people can improve their health by riding a bicycle.The future of bicycle will be bright.In some European countries,city governments have arranged pedestrians to use “public bicycles” to travel round the city center free of charge.你是Helen，要写一封信给Julie，对她和她的丈夫昨日请你和你丈夫吃饭表示感谢，表示要回请他们，以答谢他们的盛情款待。

Dear Julie：

Thank you very much for the dinner that you invited my husband and I to yesterday.The food not only looked and smelled fabulous but tasted great,and my husband and I enjoyed it very much.Therefore,we would like to invite you to dinner at 7 p.m.this Friday at the Northwest Chinese restaurant to return your kindness and hospitality.Please do come.Yours，Helen

1、假冒伪劣商品是个严重问题。

2、一些原因导致了这种现象。

3、为了扫除假冒伪劣商品，„„

Fake Commodities

Fake and poor quality commodities are a serious problem.Many things can be faked such as soybean sauce，vinegar,bicycles,and many other things.The interests of consumers are affected,and many enterprises keep losing money because of cheap fake commodities.There are some reasons for such a phenomenon.The major one is the desire of some people to “make easy money”.These people think nothing of the law of the protection of intellectual property rights.To get rid of fake and poor quality commodities,the government should educate people to obey the law of the protection of individual intellectual property rights and not to sell any fake goods.The government should punish severely and close down all the factories producing fake goods.你是Alice，你的朋友Bonnie很快就要到你的乡间小屋拜访，但你却要出去一会儿。留一张便条给她，告诉她食品在哪儿，告诉她一个人在屋里时应注意些什么。

May 18,2002

Dear Bonnie：

I will be away for a while.The key to the cottage is under the doormat,and the food is in the refrigerator.After entering the house,lock the door from inside at once.The cottage is far away from the nearest town,and the area is not quite safe from burglars.So I think the saying is right “Where there is precaution,there is no danger”.Have a nice stay here.Yours，Alice

第三篇：成人高考高起点英语写作

成人高考高起点英语写作范文

（一）Directions：

A.Title：What Will Happen If China Enters WTO？

B.Word Limit： about 200 words

C.Your composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese below：

1.每个中国人都盼望中国加入世界贸易组织。

2.a.加入世贸组织，国家和人民都将大大受益； b.加入世贸组织，也会带来一些不利影响，如国有企业将面临更大的挑战。

3.对中国加入世贸组织感到欣喜之余，我们也应看到随之而来的一些挑战。例文： What Will Happen If China Enters WTO？

Every Chinese is looking forward to China“s entry into WTO，widely seen as a blessing and a promise of prosperity.It seems to be so at first sight，however，on reflection，we”re convinced that it“s just another coin with two sides.On the one hand，both the nation and people will benefit greatly from China“s entry into WTO.Shut out of WTO，China Dused to be deprived of equal trade opportunities and was placed at a distinct disadvantage in world trade.This situation will change if China enters WTO.In addition，foreign coMPAnies will stream into China and offer great job opportunities，which，in a sense，will relieve the unemployment problem.On the other hand，the entry will impose some negative effects on China.State-owned enterprises in China are undergoing great difficulties，which will be more acute with the flow of foreign competitors into China.In short，excited about the advantages caused by the entry，we should not lose sight of the severe challenges posed by it.成人高考高起点英语写作范文

（二）Directions：

A.Title： Fast Food

B.Word Limit： about 200 words

C.Your composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese blew：

1.快餐在中国十分流行，它是现代快节奏社会的最佳反映。

2.a.快餐受欢迎有两条原因；b.然而，从营养角度来讲，快餐却差强人意；3.对快餐还是以偶尔品尝为宜。

例文： Fast Food

Fast food is becoming more popular in China，especially among children and teenagers.Today，it“s certainly difficult to think of any other single thing that

represents the fast pace of modern society as powerfully as fast food.There are several reasons for its popularity.First，it is very convenient

and saves a lot of time.The trends of modern society seem to all point to one ultimate goal ？D？

D saving time，and fast food well serves this purpose.You just go

into a fast food restaurant，order your food，and your food is ready in no time.You can either eat it there or take it away.Second，its popularity is also attributed to the clean and comfortable environment of fast food restaurants，the excellent service，and the guaranteed qualith of food.However，in terms of nutrition，fast food is far from satisfactory.It usually

does not compose a balanced diet and is low in nutritional value.Thus，doctors suggest that people，especially children，eat fast food as little as possible.Although cooking at home is time ？

D consuming and the following washing-up tiresome，it offers healthy and delicious meals your body likes and needs.Fast food is only a good choice when you are in a hurry and turn to it once in a while.成人高考高起点英语写作范文

（三）Direction：

A.Write an essay that conveys the information in the following cartoon accoMPAnied by your comments.B.Word Limit： about 200 words

C.Your eassy should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2

营生

祖上以打猎为生

爷爷以卖上等木材为生

父亲以卖劈柴和柴墩为生

儿子以卖根雕原料为生

孙子以卖黄沙为生……

例文： Preserving Natural Resources

Through the changes in the ways of making a living in a family over several

generations，the cartoon aims at sounding a warning against man“s wasteful use

of natural resources and emphasizing the urgent need to preserve these resources.Ever since man appeared on the earth，man“s survival has been heavily relied

on nature.Almost everything we use in our everyday life comes from nature，ranging

from the food we eat，the water we drink，to the wood which is turned into furiture.With the development of technology and population growth，the amount and range of materials used has increased at an alarming rate.However，natural resources are

not inexhaustible.Some reserves are already on the brink of exhaustion and there is

no hope of replacing them.The widespread water shortage is an example in point.If

man continued to squander natural resources with no thought for the future，the

later generations would end up selling sand，as is the case in the cartoon，and

the whole world would be in a mess.Time is running out.It is up to us to take effective measures before the

situation gets out of hand.2010年成人高考高起点英语语法归纳一：人称代词

人称代词

一、主格人称代词有I，we，you，he，she，they，it，主格人称代词就是在句中充

当主语和表语的代词

二、宾格人称代词有me，us，you，him，her，them，it，宾格人称代词即在句中充当宾语（含介词宾语）的代词

三、同步练习

1）Archibald Motley’s artistic talent ［A］ was apparent ［B］ by the time him ［C］ enrolled ［D］ in high school.2）Legends often contain an element ［A］ of fact，but ［B］ sometimes it is ［C］ totally ［D］ untrue.3）Unlike ［A］ road vehicles，Hovercrafts have no physical ［B］ contact with the surface over which ［C］ them ［D］ travel.4）Let you and I ［A］ promise that we shall always ［B］ dare to do ［C］ what is ［D］ right.5）Most of we ［A］ know that conductors direct their orchestras with a baton，but how many ［B］ are aware that ［C］ they also direct with their faces，hands ［D］，and shoulders？

四、例题解析

1）C错。him是宾格，而此处却需要作主语的人称代词，故应将him改为主格he.2）C错。改为they are.C处代替的是“Legends”而不是“an element”。

3）D错。them也是宾格，应改用主格they，作定语从句中的主语，谓语为travel.4）A错。改为me.5）A错。改为宾格us，因为前面是介词of，us作其宾语，故用宾格。

2010年成人高考高起点英语语法归纳二：物主代词

物主代词

一、表示人的物主代词用my，our，your，his，her和their，指无生命的东西用its（但指国家时一般用she或her），它们在句中作定语

二、名词型物主代词能作表语（It’s theirs）、主语（Mine is there）、宾语（I don’t like hers），与of连用可以作定语（the food of theirs）。

三、同步练习

1）A scientist bases its ［A］ work on hypotheses that ［B］ have been checked ［C］ through careful ［D］ experimentation.2）Crude rubber is an ［A］ elastic（有弹性的）solid with a specific gravity of 0.911 and a refractive index（折射率）of 1.591，though it ［B］ composition varies with different latexes（橡浆）as well as ［C］ with the way it is prepared ［D］ at the plantation.3）Manufacturers ［A］ of consumer goods ［B］ often change ［C］ the styles of them ［D］ products.四、例题解析

1）A错。改为his.2）B错。改为its.3）D错。改为their.2010年成人高考高起点英语语法归纳三：反身代词

反身代词

一、反身代词有myself，ourselves，yourselves，himself，herself，themselves，itself.主语与宾语为同一人或物时，要用反身代词（否则就不能用反身代词），反身代词也可放在名词或代词（主格）后面（也可放在句尾）起强调作用

1）All ［A］ the scouts（童子军）got theirselves ［B］ ready for the ［C］ long camping trip by spending their weekends living ［D］ in the open.2）Various ［A］ animals have shells that keep themselves ［B］ from growing beyond ［C］ a certain ［D］ size.3）Benjamin Banneker’s aptitude ［A］ in mathematics ［B］ and knowledge of astronomy enabled himself ［C］ to predict the solar ［D］ eclipse of 1789.4）The president announced that he himself ［A］ would act upon ［B］ the evidence as presented ［C］ to himself ［D］ by the congressional committee.5）Garrett ［A］ Morgan died in Cleveland，Ohio，the city that ［A］ had awarded himself ［B］ a gold medal for his devotion ［C］ to public ［D］ safety.6）Plants rid them ［A］ of excess water through ［B］ transpiration，the evaporation of extra ［C］ moisture from their ［D］ leaves.7）When Jonathan went ［A］ to Spain with his ［B］ sister，he bought a ［C］ leather coat for her and another for him ［D］.二、例题解析

1）B错。改为themselves.2）B错。B处明显指代animals，而它前面的主语that却指代shells，也就是说“that”和“themselves”指的不是同一事物。由于主语与宾语不是同一物，故不能用反身代词，应改为宾格them.3）C错。本句的主语为aptitude，而非Benjamin Banneker（在这里它作aptitude的定语），而C处的代词却指上文提到的人名“Benjamin Banneker”，由于主语与宾语并非指同一人，故不能用反身代词，应改用宾格him.4）D错。改为to him.动词“presented”的（逻辑）主语是“evidence”，而不是A处的“he，”所以D“himself”处与C处“presented”的主语“evidence”不一致，所以不能用反身代词。

5）B错。改为him.同上。

6）A错。此处的them指主语plants，rid是及物动词，由于主语与宾语指同一物，故应使用反身代词themselves.7）D错。改为for himself.2010年成人高考高起点英语语法归纳四：不定代词

不定代词

一、“every”（每一个）只作为定语使用，即必须在其后加上单数可数名词构成名词短语，它不可与everyone（每一个）混淆。everyone相当于名词，它不可修饰其他名词，只

作主语或宾语

1）Every ［A］ knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated，but how many ［B］ realize that they were once ［C］ homes for the indigent and the friendless ［D］ ？

2）Everyone ［A］ child in the United States must ［B］ receive ［C］ some form of educational instruction ［D］.例题解析

1）A错。every不可单独充当句子成分，应在其后加上person或改为everyone.2）A错。改为Every，修饰child.二、“much”和“many”分别修饰不可数名词和可数名词，可作为代词（如much of）和形容词使用

3）Food seasoning plays an important ［A］ role in the cooking ［B］ customs of much ［C］ cultures in ［D］ the world.4）The general sales tax has been ［A］ a major source of income for state governments，much ［B］ of which derive more than half ［C］ of their budgets from ［D］ it.5）Data received from ［A］ two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidence ［B］ that huge thunderstorms are now occurring ［C］ around the equator ［D］ of the planet Saturn.例题解析

3）C错。应改为of many，因为被修饰词cultures为可数名词，故其修饰语应用many，而much要修饰不可数名词。

4）B错。应改用many，因此处所指代的是可数名词governments（复数），many在本句中为代词，作非限定性定语从句的主语。

5）B错。应改为much evidence，因为evidence（证据，迹象）为不可数名词，故应用much来修饰。

三、“some”和“any”是表示不定数量的代词，相当于汉语的“一些”，作定语可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，其中some（包括它的合成词something，someone，somebody）多用于肯定句，而any（包括它的合成词anything，anyone，anybody）则用于疑问句和否定句中，其中any在否定句中相当于汉语中的“任何”；形容词修饰something，someone，somebody，anything，anyone，anybody，nothing，nobody时，形容词要放在这些词的后边

6）Historians ［A］ have never reached some general ［B］ agreement about ［C］ the precise causes of the ［D］ Civil War in the United States.例题解析

6）B错。应为any general，因为本句为否定句（否定副词never），应该用any，此处表示“（没有达成过）任何共识”。

四、“another”和“other”分别表示“另外的一个”（an＋other）和“另外的”“其余的”意思，可以用作定语修饰名词或单独作主语与宾语，其中前者只用来修饰或指代单数可数名词，后者修饰单复数名词和不可数名词，二者不能相互混淆

7）Lizards lack ［A］ the builtin body temperature control ［B］ many another ［C］ creatures possess ［D］.8）Some bacterium are extremely ［A］ harmful，but anothers ［B］ are regularly ［C］ used in producing cheeses，crackers，and many other foods ［D］.9）Like ［A］ most another ［B］ art forms，the Greek tragedy had ［C］ its origins in religious ［D］ observances.例题解析

7）C错。应改用other来修饰可数复数名词creatures.本句是一个省略了关系代词that（或which）的定语从句，control为名词作主句中及物动词（谓语）lack的宾语，同时又受其后面定语从句的修饰。

8）B错。改为others.9）B错。改为other.五、one与other “one”作为代词代替前面提到的人或物，它前边加the； “other”作代词修饰复数名词。“one…another”表示“一个…另一个”的意思，或表示多个（三者以上）之中的“另一个”，“又一个”； “one…the other”表示两者之中剩下的“另一个，又一个”

10）I’d like to ［A］ buy a coat similar ［B］ to one ［C］ you are wearing ［D］.11）Though ［A］ Art Tatum was totally blind in one eye and had only slight ［B］ vision in another ［C］，he became ［D］ an internationally renowned jazz musician.例题解析

10）C错。改为to the one.11）C错。应用the other，因为此处表示两者之中的另一个，Art Tatum为人的名字，他只有两只眼睛，故提到“另一只”时应用the other.六、“few”和“little”两者分别为“many”和“much”的反义词，表示“少，很少”的意思，有否定含义，即等于“几乎没有”，如若表示肯定的含义，则应在little和few前加不定冠词“a”，即变为“a few”和“a little”

12）Because they are generally ［A］ taken simply to obtain a recognizable ［B］ and relatively clear ［C］ image，most nonprefessional photographs demand few ［D］ equipment.例题解析

12）D错。应改用little，因为equipment为不可数名词，故其修饰语应用little，few后面只接可数复数名词。

七、“a great deal（of）”（大量）只作为限定语修饰不可数名词或在句中指代不可数名词作主语或宾语

13）of giftgiving，barter，buying and selling goes on among the Narvjos.［A］ A great deal ［B］ A great many ［C］ Much greater ［D］ Many

例题解析

13）A为正确答案。空白后为不可数名词“giftgiving，barter，buying”，“［B］ A great amny”和“［D］ Many”修饰可数名词，而“［C］ Much greater”本身是形容词，空档后不应有“of”，所以填“［A］ A great deal of”。

八、“nothing but”表示“只不过，就是，只有”

He is nothing but a singer.他只不过是个唱歌的。

Nothing but a miracle can save us.只有奇迹才能救我们。

九、“anything but” 表示“根本不，并不”

She is anything but beautiful.她并不美。

John is anything but a liar.约翰决不是个骗子。

十、“something of” 表示“略有”

He has seen something of life.他略有阅历。

I’m something of a cook.我略懂烹饪。

（试比较）

He is not much of a scholar.他算不上个很好（高明）的学者。

十一、“none other than”表示“就是”

The new arrival was none other than the President.刚到的那人就是总统本人。我们要注意none other than 与 other than 的区别，后者表示“与……不同”

I do not wish him other than he is.我不希望他改变现状。

The truth is quite other than what we think.事实与我们所想的不一样。

十二、“none”有时可作副词，表示“一点也不”

We did the work none too well.我们活干得一点也不好。

十三、nowhere可用以成语：be nowhere一无所得，一事无成；get nowhere一事无成，nowhere near离……很远。

十四、有些不定代词同时也是形容词，或有其他的含义

He is all attention，and she is all eyes.他十分留意，她也注意力集中。

Everybody who is anybody（somebody）at all will be at the dance.［句中的“anybody（somebody）”在此当“大人物，重要人物”讲。］

第四篇：2013年成人高考《英语》写作常用词汇

目录

2013年成人高考《英语》写作常用词汇大全.....................................................2 表示举例：(exemplification)....................................................................................2 表示比较：(comparison)..........................................................................................2 表示对照：(contrast)................................................................................................3 表示让步：(concession)............................................................................................3 表示原因：(cause)....................................................................................................4 表示结果：(result)....................................................................................................4 表示强调：(emphasis)..............................................................................................5 表示列举：(enumeration)........................................................................................6 表示总结：(summary)..............................................................................................6 表示开场：(introduction).........................................................................................7 高考写好作文应注意的五个方面：.....................................................................8

1、要关注社会生活。..............................................................................................8

2、要注意读写积累。..............................................................................................8

3、要提高综合表达能力。......................................................................................8

4、要加强语言基本功。..........................................................................................8

5、要锻炼理解分析、概括能力。..........................................................................8

2013年成人高考《英语》写作常用词汇大全 表示举例：(exemplification)

for example，for instance，as an example，as a case，in point，as an illustration，such as，namely，that is，like，say。

表示比较：(comparison)

similarly，likewise，in the same way，equally important，like，both，the same as，in common。

表示对照：(contrast)

on the contrary，on the other hand，otherwise，unlike，in contrast，whereas，rather than，conversely，instead，by contrast。

表示让步：(concession)

although，nevertheless，however，but，yet，admittedly，it is true „„ but，in spite of，even though，granted that。

表示原因：(cause)

because，because of，as，since，for，owing to，due to，on account of，on the ground of，as a result of。

表示结果：(result)

thus，so，consequently，hence，therefore，accordingly，as a result，for this reason，as a consequence，on that account，it follows that。

表示强调：(emphasis)

chiefly，especially，indeed，in fact，certainly，particularly，to be sure，actually，above all，surely，most important of all，even worse，no doubt，needless to say。

表示列举：(enumeration)

first，second，in the first place，first of all，to begin with，in the second place，next，also，besides，furthermore，moreover，in addition，what is more，beyond that，for one thing，for another，finally。

表示总结：(summary)

in conclusion，in short，in brief，in summary，on the whole，finally，to sum up，to conclude。

表示开场：(introduction)

generally speaking，comparatively speaking，in general，in a sense，in a way，in my opinion，in some cases，nowadays，recently，currently，obviously，clearly，undoubtedly，why young women don't want to have children。

高考写好作文应注意的五个方面：

从试卷看，常见问题多内容单薄，材料陈旧，叙述、议论平淡，缺乏激情。具体来说，考生要关注下列五方面：

1、要关注社会生活。

有的学生对社会生活、周围事物缺乏关注，头脑空空，以致作文内容不丰富，材料不鲜活，立意不新颖，主旨不深刻。个别学生连国家大事都不知道，有学生作文题为《期待澳门回归》，让人哭笑不得。

2、要注意读写积累。

缺乏读写积累的结果是影响了联想力、想象力的培养，导致作文内容贫乏、语汇不丰富，文字不生动，文思枯竭，或者有话倒不出来，写不下去。

3、要提高综合表达能力。

有的考生不会根据内容选择相应的表达方式，更不会交互使用叙、议、描写、抒怀来表情达意，导致文章干巴巴的，语言没有表现力。

4、要加强语言基本功。

阅卷中发现，一些考生的作文中病句、错别字较多，标点不规范，有人甚至给题目加上书名号，书写潦草，一些常用字都写错了。如：难到(道)、必(毕)竟、保(宝)贵、冲(充)电、由终(衷)、抱(报)答、不在(再)出现、可望在而不可极(即)、有条步稳(不紊)等。病句如：“面对竞争剧烈的就业机会”，“往往走在大街上，会看见„„”、“虽然她没有在经济上给我们的不多，但父亲„„”。

5、要锻炼理解分析、概括能力。

在去年试卷的现代文阅读中，12、13、14题涉及对文意、对重要语句的理解分析和概括表达，考生普遍失分很多。

“期待”这个话题贴近考生生活，内容广泛，有多种写作角度。由于题意明确，大家有话可说，文章大都切题，但有考生用平常看过或写过的文章往里套，不少作文有这个痕迹。有一本卷子几个考生的题目都是“曾经有那么一片森林”，想必是同一班的学生学过或练过的文章，内容都一样，连结构语言都很相仿。

这就提示考生只有扎扎实实地学习，全面落实大纲要求，重视知识的迁移，多读、多练，才有望通过成人高考，步入成人高校继续深造。

第五篇：2011年成人高考高起点英语写作

2011年成人高考高起点英语写作范文

Directions：

A.Title：What Will Happen If China Enters WTO？

B.Word Limit： about 200 words

C.Your composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese below：

1.每个中国人都盼望中国加入世界贸易组织。

2.a.加入世贸组织，国家和人民都将大大受益； b.加入世贸组织，也会带来一些不利影响，如国有企业将面临更大的挑战。

3.对中国加入世贸组织感到欣喜之余，我们也应看到随之而来的一些挑战。

例文： What Will Happen If China Enters WTO？

Every Chinese is looking forward to China“s entry into WTO，widely seen as a blessing and a promise of prosperity.It seems to be so at first sight，however，on reflection，we”re convinced that it“s just another coin with two sides.On the one hand，both the nation and people will benefit greatly from China“s entry into WTO.Shut out of WTO，China Dused to be deprived of equal trade opportunities and was placed at a distinct disadvantage in world trade.This situation will change if China enters WTO.In addition，foreign coMPAnies will stream into China and offer great job opportunities，which，in a sense，will relieve the unemployment problem.On the other hand，the entry will impose some negative effects on China.State-owned enterprises in China are undergoing great difficulties，which will be more acute with the flow of foreign competitors into China.In short，excited about the advantages caused by the entry，we should not lose

sight of the severe challenges posed by it.二

Directions：

A.Title： Fast Food

B.Word Limit： about 200 words

C.Your composition should be based on the Outline given in Chinese blew：

1.快餐在中国十分流行，它是现代快节奏社会的最佳反映。

2.a.快餐受欢迎有两条原因；b.然而，从营养角度来讲，快餐却差强人意；3.对快餐还是以偶尔品尝为宜。

例文： Fast Food

Fast food is becoming more popular in China，especially among children and

teenagers.Today，it“s certainly difficult to think of any other single thing that

represents the fast pace of modern society as powerfully as fast food.There are several reasons for its popularity.First，it is very convenient

and saves a lot of time.The trends of modern society seem to all point to one ultimate goal ？D？D saving time，and fast food well serves this purpose.You just go

into a fast food restaurant，order your food，and your food is ready in no time.You can either eat it there or take it away.Second，its popularity is also attributed to the clean and comfortable environment of fast food restaurants，the excellent service，and the guaranteed qualith of food.However，in terms of nutrition，fast food is far from satisfactory.It usually

does not compose a balanced diet and is low in nutritional value.Thus，doctors suggest that people，especially children，eat fast food as little as possible.Although cooking at home is time ？D consuming and the following washing-up tiresome，it offers healthy and delicious meals your body likes and needs.Fast food is only a good choice when you are in a hurry and turn to it once in a while.三

Direction：

A.Write an essay that conveys the information in the following cartoon accoMPAnied by your comments.B.Word Limit： about 200 words

C.Your eassy should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2

营生

祖上以打猎为生

爷爷以卖上等木材为生

父亲以卖劈柴和柴墩为生

儿子以卖根雕原料为生

孙子以卖黄沙为生„„

例文： Preserving Natural Resources

Through the changes in the ways of making a living in a family over several

generations，the cartoon aims at sounding a warning against man“s wasteful use

of natural resources and emphasizing the urgent need to preserve these resources.Ever since man appeared on the earth，man“s survival has been heavily relied

on nature.Almost everything we use in our everyday life comes from nature，ranging

from the food we eat，the water we drink，to the wood which is turned into furiture.With the development of technology and population growth，the amount and range

of materials used has increased at an alarming rate.However，natural resources are

not inexhaustible.Some reserves are already on the brink of exhaustion and there is

no hope of replacing them.The widespread water shortage is an example in point.If

man continued to squander natural resources with no thought for the future，the

later generations would end up selling sand，as is the case in the cartoon，and

the whole world would be in a mess.Time is running out.It is up to us to take effective measures before the

situation gets out of hand.