一般现在时练习题及答案讲解

第一篇：一般现在时练习题及答案讲解

一般现在时练习题及答案讲解

一般现在是在英语中应用最多的一个时态，也是初中英语学习中的重点内容，在考试中经常会出现。所以老师对于学生们一般现在时练习题的练习和讲解都是非常重视的，只有多做一般现在时练习题大家才能真正的掌握这个时态中的所有知识。

大家在做一般现在时练习题之前，首先要了解的就是它的定义是什么，什么情况下会用到这个时态。也就是说一般现在时的讲解是非常重要的，只有大家了解了该时态的用法，才能去做一般现在时练习题，通过练习完全的掌握这个时态，才能应对考试以及中考。很多老师对于该时态的讲解也非常重视的，下面小编就和大家分享一下该时态的讲解：

它表示1)经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。eg.I go to school on foot.He is very busy now.2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。eg.He can swim.I work hard.I like watching TV.3)表示客观真理 eg.There are seven days in a week.The moon moves round the earth.其结构按正常语序，即“主语+谓语+其它”，有时为了起强调作用，时间状语也可提前.其句式变化可分为两种情况 1)表示动作，一般人称作主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。E.g.They have lunch at 12:00.They don’t have lunch at 12:00.Do they have lunch at 12:00? 2)单三人称做主语的，变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。

E.g.Jenny speaks English very well.Jenny doesn’t speak English very well.Does Jenny speak English very well? 含有be动词的要在be上做变化.E.g.Danny is a good student.Danny isn’t a good student.Is Danny a good student? 其时间状语为often、usually、always、sometimes等频率副词，on Saturdays、in the morning(afternoon evening)、every day 等。

以上就是一般现在时的讲解以及它的结构介绍，相信大家对于该时态都有所了解了，但是大家在做一般现在时练习题以及考试的时候经常会出现一些错误，这些错误都是比较容易混淆的知识点，这也造成了很多学生的丢分。所以大家一定要经常的去练习，根据习题的解析去了解更多关于该时态的知识。那么针对这些容易出错的情况，小编也结合一般现在时的练习题以及解析给大家做出讲解：

学生常见错误如下：

一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中

例：We are ______(plant)the trees in spring.答案：plant 解析：学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译，就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的，要看语法是不是正确，在英语中，be是表状态，do是表动作，两种动词不能同时出现在句子中，可记住如下口诀：“英汉语言有差异，be、do不能放一起，仔细琢磨细分析，语法千万要牢记。”

自我检测：(一)、单选 Jenny ____ in an office.Her parents ____in a hospital.A work;works B works;work C work;are working D is working;work 2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.A have B there is C there are D has 3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.A.don't rain B.didn't rain C.doesn't rain D.isn't rain 4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.A rose;set B rises;sets C rises, set D rise;sets 5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.A like;listen B likes;listens C like;are listening D liking;listen 6 Jenny____ English every evening.A has study B studies C study D studied 答案：1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B(二)、填空 I can take Li Ming there when he _____(come)to visit.2 _____your sister_____(know)English? 3Her home____ _____ ______(远离)her school.4The pot_____(not look)like yours very much.5 Where _____you____(have)lunch every day? 6 Who_____(想要)to go swimming? 7 ______she_____(do)the housework every day? 8 Jenny and Danny usually______(play)games in the afternoon.答案：1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesn't look

二、单三人称形式易出错

例：1 He ______(play)football very well.2 Danny ________(go)to school at 7:10.答案：1 plays 2 goes 解析：1以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把y换成i再加es;2与名词变复数不同，变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.三、在句式变换时易出错

例：1 _____ Jenny _____(has)a good friend? 2 Brian _______(not live)in China.答案：1 Does have 2 doesn’t live 解析：单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时，可记住如下口诀：“见助动，用原形”。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g.He didn't go home yesterday.四、对do的理解易出错

例：We don’t(not do)our homework in the afternoon.答案：don’t do 解析：do是一个比较难理解的词，它有三个含义: a)是所有行为动词的总称;b)是助动词，无实义;c)是一个具体的行为动词“做，干”。此句中给出的do指“做，干”，not指把此句变为否定句，故须在do前加助动词don’t。

五、对主语的数判断有误

例： Li Ming with me are(be)in Beijing.答案: is 解析:表面一看是“我和李明两个人在北京”，但with在此做伴随状语，不能做主语，故用is.

第二篇：一般现在时和现在进行时练习题

一般现在时和现在进行时

一般现在时和现在进行时的不同之处有以下几点：

1)基本用法不同；2)谓语动词的形式不同；3)时间状语不同；4)有不同的特殊用法。

一、基本用法不同

【1】一般现在时用来表示习惯性的动作或状态。

如She goes to school by bike every day.她每天骑自行车去上学。

【2】现在进行时用来表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在发生或进行的动作或者用来表示现阶正在进行或存在的状态。如：Look!She is reading under the tree.瞧！她正在树下看书。

二、谓语动词的形式不同 【1】一般现在时的谓语动词：

1)be动词用am/is/are这三种形式；2)实义动词用动词原形或第三人称单数形式(根据主语数的变化而变化)。【2】现在进行时谓语动词的形式为： am / is / are+动词-ing 形式。如： We go to school at seven in the morning.我们早晨七点钟上学。I am reading English now.我现在正在读英语。

三、时间状语不同

【1】一般现在时常与often, sometimes, always, usually等频率副词及once a week/day等频率短语连用，还与 every morning /day / week..., on Wednesday, in the morning / afternoon / evening等时间状语连用。【2】现在进行时常与now, these days, these weeks等时间状语连用。句首有 Look!/ Listen!等提示语时，后面的句子中动词一般用现在进行时。

四、特殊用法

【1】一般现在时的特殊用法： 表示客观真理、自然现象往往要用一般现在时表示。如：The moon goes round the earth.月亮绕着地球转。

【2】现在进行时的特殊用法： 现在进行时与always 连用时，往往含有赞扬、厌恶、责备等感情色彩。如： He is always working hard.他总是非常努力地工作。(表示赞扬)【3】come, go, begin, start, leave 等动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。如：I'm coming.我就来。

一、写出下列动词的现在分词形式（-ing）。

1.work___________ sing__________ play__________ study__________ 2.dance__________ have__________ write__________ take__________ 3.run__________ sit__________ shop__________ swim__________ 4.lie__________

二、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。

1.work__________ read__________ clean__________ write__________ 2.teach__________ wash__________ guess__________ watch__________ 3.go__________ do___________ photo__________ have__________ 4.study__________ fly__________cry__________ play__________

三、填空。

1.My father always __________(come)back from work very late.2.The teacher is busy.He __________(sleep)six hours a day.3.Listen!Joan __________(sing)in the classroom.She often __________(sing)there.4.__________ your brother __________(know)Japanese? 5.Where __________ you __________(have)lunch every day? 6.The girl __________(like)wearing a skirt.Look!She __________(wear)a red skirt today.7.He _________(read)English every day.8.Does he_________(like)_________(jump)? 9.Let's____________and play football.(go)10.He_____________ like swimming.(not)

按要求改写下列句子: 1.I usually play football on Friday afternoon.否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问: 2.Sun Yang usually washes some clothes on Saturday.否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问: 3.My mother is cooking some nice food now.否定句: 一般疑问句: 划线提问:

一、选择题练习

1.Who _____ over there now? A.singing B.are sing C.is singing D.sing 2.It’s eight o’clock.The students _____ an English class.A.have B.having C.is having D.are having 3.Listen!The baby _____ in the next room.A.crying B.cried C.is crying D.cries 4.Look!The twins _____ new sweaters.A.are wearing B.wearing C.are wear D.is wearing 5.Don’t talk here.Grandparents _____.A.is sleeping B.are sleeping C.sleeping D.sleep 6.Tom is a worker.He _____ in a factory.His sisters _____ in a hospital.A.work/ work B.works/ work C.work/ works 7.Who _____ English best in your class? A.speak B.speaks C.speaking

8.Mrs Read _____ the windows every day.A.is cleaning B.clean C.cleans 9.We _____ music and often _____ to music.A.like/ listen B.likes/ listens C.like/ are listening 10.She _____ up at six in the morning.A.get B.gets C.getting 11.On Sunday he sometimes _____ his clothes and sometimes _____ some shopping.A.wash/ do B.is washing/ is doing C.washes/ does 12.The twins usually _____ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _____ some coffee for it.A.have/ have B.have/ has C.has/ have

五、根据中文意思完成句子

1、学生们在干什么？有一些在打电话，另一些躺在沙滩上。

_____ _____ the students _____? Some _____ _____ on the phone, _____ _____ _____ on the beach.2、“格林先生在看电视吗？” “不，他在打扫房间。”

“_____ Mr Green _____ TV?” “_____, He _____ _____ the house.”

3、魏芳不是在读书，她在写信。

Wei Fang _____ _____ a book.She _____ _____ a letter.4、今天天气怎么样？_____ is the weather today? 或_____ is the weather _____ today?

5、我正在通过收音机学(learn)英语。I _____ _____ English on the radio.6、这个老人每天早上六点钟起床。

The old man _____ _____ at six o’clock in the morning every day.7、你从哪里来？ Where _____ you from? 或Where _____ you _____ from? 我从美国来。I _____ from America.或I _____ from America.

第三篇：现在进行时,一般现在时,一般将来时练习题 带答案

现在进行时练习集锦

一、按要求改写句子

1.The boy is playing basketball.否定句：____________________________ 一般疑问句：_________________________ 肯定回答：__________________________否定回答：__________________________ 对“ The boy”提问：__________________________ 2.造句: 1).she,the window,open,now.(用现在进行时连词成句.)_____________________ 2).is,who,the window,cleaning?(连词成句)______________________ 3).She is closing the door now.(改成否定句)______________________ 4.)You are doing your homework.(用“I”作主语改写句子)______________________ 5).they,the tree,sing,now,under.(用现在进行时连词成句.)____________________ 6).The Young Pioneers are helping the old woman.(改成一般疑问句)__________

二、单项选择

（）1.我在照看孩子.(A)I am looking after the baby.(B)I'm look aftering the baby.(C)I look am aftering the baby.(D)I looking after the baby.()2._____friend's making______a kite.(A)I,me(B)My,my(C)My,me(D)His,his()3.Is the woman ______ yellow your teacher?(A)in(B)putting on(C)wearing(D)having()4.Look!The twins_____their mother do the housework.(A)are wanting(B)help(C)are helping(D)are looking()5._____are the birds doing? They are singing in a tree.(A)Who(B)What(C)How(D)Where()6.Is she____something?(A)eat(B)eating(C)eatting(D)eats()7.你在干什么?(A)What is you doing?(B)What are you do?(C)What are you doing?(D)What do you do?()8.What are you listening_____?(A)/(B)for(C)at(D)to()9.我正在听他说话.(A)I listening to him.(B)I'm listening to him.(C)I'm listen to him.(D)I'm listening him.()10.They are_____their clothes.(A)makeing(B)putting(C)put away(D)putting on()11.Listen!She____in the classroom.(A)is singing(B)sing(C)to sing(D)is sing()12.Today Jim______ his white shirt and brown trousers.(A)is putting on(B)wear(C)put on(D)is wearing()13.______are you eating?I'm eating______meat.(A)What,some(B)Which,any(C)Where,not(D)What,a()14.They______TV in the evening.They do their homework.(A)are watching(B)can't watching(C)don't watch(D)don't watching()15.The children_____football.(A)is playing(B)are playing(C)play the(D)play a()16.They are flying kites.(A)他们喜欢放风筝.(B)他们在放风筝吗?(C)他们在放风筝.(D)他们常放风筝.()17.Look,They are swimming in the river.I want_____you.(A)to go with(B)go with(C)helping(D)help()18.Look.Lucy is_____a new bike today.(A)jumping(B)running(C)riding(D)takeing

三、用现在进行时完成下列句子: 1.What_________you__________(do)? 2.I_____________(sing)an English song.3.What________he____________(mend)? 4.He______________(mend)a car.5.______you__________(fly)a kite?Yes,_______.6.______she___________(sit)in the boat? 7.______you_____________(ask)questions? 8.We_______________(play)games now.一般过去时

请用正确动词形式填空。

1.I _________(have)an exciting party last weekend.2._________ she _________(practice)her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.3.What ________ Tom ________(do)on Saturday evening?

He ________(watch)TV and __________(read)an interesting book.4.They all _________(go)to the mountains yesterday morning.5.She _________(not visit)her aunt last weekend.She ________(stay)at home and _________(do)some cleaning.6.When ________ you _________(write)this song? I __________(write)it last year.7.My friend, Carol, ________(study)for the math test and ________(practice)English last night.8.________ Mr.Li __________(do)the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.9.How _________(be)Jim's weekend? It _________(be not)bad.10.________(be)your mother a sales assistant last year? No.she __________.一般现在时练习

一.用词的适当形式填空。

1.What time_________ his father_________(do)the work? 2.He _________(get)up at five o’clock.3.__________ you _________(brush)your teeth every morning.4.What ________(do)he usually ________(do)after school? 5.Tom ________(study)English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6.Kitty sometimes __________(go)to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night, she __________(watch)TV with her parents.8.________ Mike________(read)English every day? 9.How many lessons________ your classmates______(have)on Monday? 10.We often___________(play)football in the playground.二．选择

()1._____ you have a book?

A.Do B.Are C.Is D.Have()2.They _________ on a farm.A.working B.is work C.work D.is worked()3.Does Peter like to watch TV?

__________.A.Yes, he like B.No, he doesn’t C.Yes, he’d like D.No, he likes()4.She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.A.doing B.to do C.does D.do()5.How ____________ Mr.Brown ___________ to America?

A.do,go B.is,go C.does,go D.does,goes()6.Where’s my camera? I____________ it.A.am not finding B.am not seeing C.can’t find D.can’t look at()7.How ___________ he go to work?

He ___________ to work by bike.A.does;go B.do;goes C.do;go D.does;goes()8.______ you usually late for school?

No, _____________.A.Do;I am B.Does;not C.Are;I’m not D.Are;I aren’t()9._____ she _____ home at six every day?

A.Is , leave B.Does , leave C.Is , leaves D.Does , left()10.Mr.Yang ____________ English this term.A.teaches our B.teaches us C.teachs us D.teach our

一、单项选择题

1.Jenny ____ in an office.Her parents ____in a hospital.A.work works B.works work C.work are working D.is working work 2.One of the boys_____ a black hat.A.have B.there is C.there are D.has 3.We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.A.don't rain B.didn't rain C.doesn't rain D.isn't rain

4.He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.A.rose;set B.rises;sets C.rises;set D.rise;sets 5.Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.A.like;listen B.likes;listens C.like;are listening D.liking;listen 6.Jenny____ English every evening.A.has study B.studies C.study D.studied 7._____Mike from Japan? A.Are B.Do C.Does D.Is 8._____you come from Japan? A.Are B.Do C.Does D.Is 9.What language do you_______? A.say B.talk C.tell D.speak 10.The elephant likes______her friends and _____grass.A.play with;eat B.play with;eats C.to play with;eat D.to play with;eats

二、所给动词的正确形式填空

1.I can take Li Ming there when he _____(come)to visit.2._____your sister_____(know)English? 3.Her home____(be)away from her school.4.The pot_____(not look)like yours very much.5.Where _____you____(have)lunch every day? 6.Who_____(want)to go swimming? 7.______she_____(do)the housework every day? 8.Jenny and Danny usually______(play)games in the afternoon.9.______you ______(like)English? 10.What______his father_____(do)?

一般将来时

一、用所给动词的一般将来时填空

1.I ______（leave）in a minute.I ______（finish）all my work before I ______（leave）.2.—How long _____ you _____（study）in our country? —I _____（plan）to be here for about one more year.—I _____（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.—What ______ you ______（do）after you ______（leave）here? —I ______（return）home and ______（get）a job.3.I ______（be）tired.I ______（go）to bed early tonight.4.Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present.5.It is very cold these days.It ______（snow）soon.6.—_____ you _____（be）here this Saturday? —No.I ______（visit）my teacher.7.—______ I ______（get）you a copy of today’s newspaper? —Thank you.8.I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon.I can’t join you.9.Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes.10.Most of us don’t think their team ______（win）.二、单项选择

1.There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A.will be going to B.will going to be C.is going to be D.will go to be 2.Charlie ________ here next month.A.isn’t working B.doesn’t working

C.isn’t going to working D.won’t work

3.He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.A.will be;is B.is;is C.will be;will be D.is;will be 4.There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A.was B.is going to have C.will have D.is going to be 5.–________ you ________ free tomorrow? – No.I ________ free the day after tomorrow.A.Are;going to;will B.Are;going to be;will C.Are;going to;will be D.Are;going to be;will be 6.Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.A.will gives B.will give C.gives D.give 7.– Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________.（不，不要。）

A.No, you won’t B.No, you aren’t.C.No, please don’t D.No, please.8.– Where is the morning paper? – I ________ if for you at once.A.get B.am getting C.to get D.will get 9.________ a concert next Saturday? A.There will be B.Will there be C.There can be D.There are 10.If they come, we ________ a meeting.A.have B.will have C.had D.would have 11.He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.A.gives B.gave C.will giving D.is going to giving 12.He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.A.writes B.has written C.will write D.wrote 13.He ________ in three days.A.coming back B.came back C.will come back D.is going to coming back 14.If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.A.isn’t rain B.won’t rain

C.doesn’t rain D.doesn’t fine

15.– Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? – No, ________（不去）.A.they willn’t B.they won’t.C.they aren’t D.they don’t.16.Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A.will;go B.do;go C.will;going D.shall;go 17.We ________ the work this way next time.A.do B.will do C.going to do D.will doing 18.Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ________ boating in the park.A.will fly;will go B.will fly;goes C.is going to fly;will goes D.flies;will go 19.The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.A.will watching B.watches C.is watching D.is going to watch 20.There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.A.shall be B.will be C.shall going to be D.will going to be 21.They ________ an English evening next Sunday.A.are having B.are going to have C.will having D.is going to have 22.________ you ________ free next Sunday? A.Will;are B.Will;be C.Do;be D.Are;be 23.He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.A.will B.is C.will be D.be 24.________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library? A.Are;going to borrow B.Is;going to borrow C.Will;borrows D.Are;going to borrows 25.– Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? –________（好的）.A.Yes, please B.Yes, you will.C.No, please D.No, you won’t.26.It ________ the year of the horse next year.A.is going to be B.is going to

C.will be D.will is 27.________ open the window? A.Will you please B.Please will you C.You please D.Do you

28.– Let’s go out to play football, shall we? – OK.I ________.A.will coming B.be going to come C.come D.am coming 29.It ________ us a long time to learn English well.A.takes B.will take C.spends D.will spend 30.The train ________ at 11.A.going to arrive B.will be arrive C.is going to D.is arriving 参考答案： 1.C 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.C 8.D

9.B 10.B 11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.B 16.D

17.B 18.A 19.D 20.B 21.B 22.B 23.C 24.B

25.A 26.A 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.D

三、把下列各句译成英语 1．我叔叔今晚要来。2．他没有打算住那座小屋。3．我们要读这本书。

4．—你爸爸要去钓鱼吗？—不，他要去游泳。参考答案：

1．My uncle will come tonight．

2．He isn't going to live in the small house． 3．We are going to read this book．

4．—Will your father go fishing？—No，he is going swimming．

进行时参考答案

1、The boy is not playing basketball.Is the boy playing basketball.肯定回答Yes, he is.否定回答No, he is not

2、She is opening the window now.Who is cleaning the window? She is not closing the door now.I am doing your homework.They are singing under the tree now.Are the Young Pioneers helping the old woman?

二、单项选择

ACCCB BCDBD ADABB CAB

三、用现在进行时完成下列句子:

1、are doing

2、am singing

3、is mending

4、is mending

5、Are flying I am

6、Is sitting

7、Are asking

8、are playing 答案：1.had 2.Did practice didn't 3.did do watched read 4.went

5.didn't visit stayed did 6.did write wrote 7.studied practiced 8.Did do did 9.was wasn't

10.Was wasn't

答案：一.1.does, do 2.gets 3.Do, brush 4.does, do 5.studies goes 7.watches 8.Does, read 9.do, have 10.play 二.1---5 A C B D C

6---10 C D C B B 答案：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.C A 9.D 10.C

6.8.答案：1.comes 2.Does know 3.is 4.doesn't look 5.do have 6.wants 7.Does do 8.play 9.Do like 10.does do

参考答案：1.am leaving;will finish;leave

2.will;study;plan;hope;will;do;leave;will return;get 3.am;will 4.will give 5.will snow 6.Will, be;will visit 7.Shall;get 8.will be 9.won’t believe;sees 10.will win

第四篇：小升初一般现在时课件讲解

一般现在时的特征是1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。下面是小升初一般现在时课件讲解，欢迎参考阅读！

一.概念

时态是英语谓语动词的一种形式,表示动作发生的时间和所处的状态.英语中的时态是通过动词形式本身的变化来实现的.英语有16种时态,但中学阶段较常用的有十种:一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,将来进行时,过去完成时,英在完成时和现在完成进行时.二.相关知识点精讲

1.一般现在时的用法

1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如：

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.每天早上我七点离开家。

2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如：

The earth moves around the sun.地球绕太阳转动。

Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海位于中国东部。

3)表示格言或警句。例如：

Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。

4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如：

I don't want so much.我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well.安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。

比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now.我正在做功课。

第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

2.一般过去时的用法

1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如：

Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?

2)表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。

3)句型：It is time for sb.to do sth “到……时间了” “该……了”。例如：It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。

It is time that sb.did sth.“时间已迟了” “早该……了”，例如It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。

would(had)rather sb.did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。

4)wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。例如：I thought you might have some.我以为你想要一些。

比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义：她已不在人间。)

Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义：她现在还活着)

Mrs.Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

Mrs.Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)

注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如：

Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗?

I wondered if you could help me.能不能帮我一下。

2)情态动词 could, would。例如：

Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗?

3.一般将来时

1)shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如：

Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢?

Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗?

2)be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a.主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?

b.计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。

c.有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。

3)be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。

4)be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：

He is about to leave for Beijing.他马上要去北京。

注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

4.一般现在时表将来

1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。

2)以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：

Here comes the bus.= The bus is coming.车来了。

There goes the bell.= The bell is ringing.铃响了。

3)在时间或条件句中。例如：

When Bill comes(不是will come), ask him to wait for me.比尔来后，让他等我。

I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there.我到了那里，就写信给你。

4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如：

I hope they have a nice time next week.我希望他们下星期玩得开心。

Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。

5.用现在进行时表示将来

下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如：

I'm leaving tomorrow.明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?

6.现在完成时

现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have(has)+过去分词。

7.比较一般过去时与现在完成时

1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。

2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。

一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆为具体的时间状语。

现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不确定的时间状语。

共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。

3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。

一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如：

I saw this film yesterday.(强调看的动作发生过了)

I have seen this film.(强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了)

Why did you get up so early?(强调起床的动作已发生过了)

Who hasn't handed in his paper?(强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争)

He has been in the League for three years.(在团内的状态可延续)

He has been a League member for three years.(是团员的状态可持续)

句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。

(错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.(对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.8.用于现在完成时的句型

1)It is the first / second time....that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。例如：

It is the first time that I have visited the city.这是我第一次访问这城市。

This is the first time(that)I've heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。

注意：It was the third time that the boy had been late.2)This is +形容词最高级+that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。例如：

This is the best film that I've(ever)seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。

9.过去完成时

1)概念：表示过去的过去

----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。

那时以前 那时 现在2)用法

a.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如：

She said(that)she had never been to Paris.她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。

b.状语从句

在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时;发生在后，用一般过去时。例如：

When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。

c.表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示“原本…，未能…”。例如：

We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。

3)过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如：

He said that he had learned some English before.他说过他以前学过一些英语。

By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。

Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.汤姆失望了，因为他到达晚会时，大部分客人已经走了。

10.用一般过去时代替过去完成时

1)两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。例如：

When she saw the mouse，she screamed.她看到老鼠，就叫了起来。

My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它丢了。)两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。例如：

When I heard the news, I was very excited.3)叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。例如：

Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.11.将来完成时

1)构成will have done

2)概念

a.状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如：

They will have been married for 20 years by then.到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。

b.动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如：

You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow.明天此时，你已经到达上海了

12现在进行时

现在进行时的基本用法：

a.表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如：

We are waiting for you.我们正在等你。

b.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：

Mr.Green is writing another novel.他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)

c.表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如：

The leaves are turning red.叶子在变红。

It's getting warmer and warmer.天越来越热了。

d.与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如：

You are always changing your mind.你老是改变主意。

13.过去进行时

1)概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。

2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。

3)常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如：

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。

It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站时，正下着雨。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。

14.将来进行时

1)概念：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。例如：

She'll be coming soon.她会很快来的。

I'll be meeting him sometime in the future.将来我一定去见他。

注意：将来进行时不用于表示“意志”，不能说 I'll be having a talk with her.2)常用的时间状语有soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening等。例如：By this time tomorrow, I'll be lying on the beach.明天此时，我正躺在海滩上呢。

15.一般现在时代替一般将来时

When, while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case(that), unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately等引导的时间状语从句，条件句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：

He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing.他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。

16.一般现在时代替一般过去时)“书上说”，“报纸上说”等。例如：

The newspaper says that it's going to be cold tomorrow.报纸上说明天会很冷的。

2)叙述往事，使其生动。例如：

Napoleon's army now advances and the great battle begins.拿破仑的队正在向前挺进，大战开始了

17.一般现在时代替现在完成时

1)有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时，如hear, tell, learn, write , understand, forget, know, find , say, remember等。例如：

I hear(= have heard)he will go to London.我听说了他将去伦敦。

I forget(=have forgotten)how old he is.我忘了他多大了。

2)用句型 “ It is … since…”代替“It has been … since …”。例如：

It is(= has been)five years since we last met.从我们上次见面以来，五年过去了。

18.一般现在时代替现在进行时。

在Here comes…/There goes…等句型里，用一般现在时代替现在进行时。例如：

There goes the bell.铃响了。

19.现在进行时代替将来时

1)表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。例如：

Are you staying with us this weekend? 和我们一起度周末好吗?

We are leaving soon.我们马上就走。

2)渐变动词，如get, run, grow, become, begin以及瞬间动词die等。例如：

He is dying.他要死了。

20.时态一致

1)如果从句所叙述的为真理或相对不变的事实，则用现在时。例如：

At that time, people did not know that the earth moves.那时，人们不知道地球是动的。

He told me last week that he is eighteen.上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。

2)宾语从句中的，助动词ought, need, must, dare 的时态是不变的。例如：

He thought that I need not tell you the truth.他认为我不必告诉你真相。

三、练习题：

1.I will tell him as soon as he _____ back

A.come B.comes C.will come D.came

2.Mary _____ on shoes when she ____ them.A.tries…buys B.tries… buies C.trys… buys D.trys… buies

3.The girl often ______ cold when she ______.A.cathcs…dances B.catches… dances C.catchs…dancees D.catches… dancee

4._____ he ____ himself there? No, I don't think so.A.Do…enjoy B.Does… enjoies C.Does… enjoys D.Does…enjoy

5._____ your teacher ____ from them very often? Certainly.A.Do…hear B.Does…hear C.Do… receive D.receive

6._____ your mother _____ some cleaning on Sundays?

A.Does…does B.Do…does C.Does…do D.Do… do

7._____ Tom _____to work hard to help his family ? Yes, he _____.A.Has… x…does B.Has…x…does

C.Does…has…has D.Does… have…does

8.Which teacher _____ lessons to you every day ?

A.does …gives B.does… give C.do… give D.gives

9.Smith does not go fishing on weekdays, ____? _____ , he does.A.does he…No B.does he…Yes C.doesn't he…No D.doesn't he…Yes

10.Mr Black often _____ fishing on Sundays, _____ he ?

A.goes…doesn't B.goes…isn't

C.doesn't go…does D.doesn't go…is

11.He usually _____ TV on Sunday evening.A.watch B.watches C.watching D.is watching

12.We'll go to play with snow if it ______ tomorrow.A.snow B.snows C.will snow D.snowed

13.Neither I nor he ______ French.A.speak B.doesn't speak C.speaks D.doesn't speak

14.Nobody ______ how to run this machines.A.know B.have known C.knows D.is knowing

15.The Young Pioneer _____ water for the old man every day.A.carry B.bring C.takes D.carries

16.Some are ______ in the river and some are ______ games.A.swimming… playing B.swimming…plaiing

C.swimming… I playing D.swimming…plaing

17.Look!The boy students are _____ football while the girls are _____.A.playing… dance B.playing… dancing

C.play… dancing D.play… dance

18.He _____ to do his lessons at eight every evening.A.is beginning B.is beginning C.begin D.begins

10个一般现在时句子 19._____ he _____ on well with his friends this term ?

A.Does…gets B.Does…get C.Is…getting D.Is…geting

20.Mr Smith _____ short stories, but he ____ a TV play these days.A.is writing…is writing B.is writing… writes

C.writes… is writing D.writes… writes

答案：

1—5 BABDB 6—10 CDDBA 11—15 BBCCD 16—20 CBDCC

第五篇：初三英语练习题讲解及答案（范文模版）

状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。

知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！

各类状语从句连接词（短语）一览表：

时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before

条件 If, unless

原因 As, because, since

地点 Where

目的 So that, in order that

结果 So that, so…that, such…that

让步 though, although, even if, however

方式 As

比较 than,(not)as…as, 时间状语从句：

Whenever he comes, he brings a friend.他每次来都带个朋友。

条件状语从句：

As long as I am alive, I will go on studying.只要我活着，我就要学习。

原因状语从句：

Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边，能享受到好的天气。

地点状语从句：

Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。

目的状语从句：

Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完，你可以开始另一个。

结果状语从句：

He was so angry that he couldn't say a word.他气得说不出话了。

让步状语从句：

Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好，但是他工作很努力。

方式状语从句：

Students do as the teachers say.学生们按照老师说的去做。

比较状语从句：

The work isn't as easy as I thought.这项工作比我想象得难。

例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！

易混引导词while, when, as的区别：

when既可以指“时间点”,与瞬间动词连用，也可以指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（=while）。如：

When he came in, his mother was cooking.When(While)we were at school, we went to the library every day.While表示时间段,因此，while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如：

Please don't talk so loud while others are working.As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有“随着……”或“一边……一边……”之意。如：

As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。

2．Because,as,since 的区别：

Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因, 着重点在主句，常译成“由于”；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成“既然”。如：

Water is very important because we can't live without it.He didn't come yesterday as his mother was ill.I'll do it for you since you are busy.3．such…that, so…that, so that 引导结果状语从句的区别：

such是形容词，修饰名词;so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词。其结构如下：

1)such + a(n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词+that……

2)such+形容词+复数可数名词+that ……

3)such +形容词+不可数名词+that……。如：

This was such a good film that I went to see it several times.It was such good books that they sell well.It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home.He spoke so fast that I couldn't follow him.He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.=He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.注：在“形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词”结构中，当名词前有many, much, few, little表示数量的多少时，名词前用so。如：

She made so many mistakes that she didn't pass the exam.练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！状语从句答案

1.参考答案及解析

1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。

2．C.“和谁讲话”要说speak to sb.本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。

3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。6．C.解析同第5题。7.A.解析见第3题。

8.A.本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。9.A.“谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。

10.A.with which是”介词+关系代词“结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有”用“的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.11.C.in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse.In front of which在从句中作状语.12.D.with whom引导定语从句.with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.13.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.14.A.that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.15.D.the same„„..as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.16.D.such„„„ as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.17.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语.18.B.Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句.with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming.19.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such„as或the same„as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a„„..,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词.20.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.21.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.22.C.two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.23.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略.24.A.whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which 25.A.for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for ”以„„..而闻名“.26.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语.27.A.两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.28.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略。

29.D.for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代.30.B.which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句.31.A.The reason why„ was that„.已成为一种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随意换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 “因为”的含义。32.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.33.A.解释见28题.34.D.主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B.both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句.35.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such„as或the same„as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语.36.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.37.D.38.D.解析见35题.39.A.he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that.40.B.which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句.41.A.what happened是宾语从句.all 之后that he knew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.42.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.43.C.本句话的定语从句是who own cars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指“„..的数目”，是单数概念。因此，主句的谓语动词要用is。

44.D.that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。45.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which。

46.B.through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语。

47.B.为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week.不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。48.A.解释见35题。

49.C.因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此，C是正确选项。50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从从句中作主语。被动语态：表示某件事被做。

be(注意时态变化）+动词的过去分词 例：Our homework shuold be done by ourselves.(我们的作业应该被我们自己做。）现在完成时：表示到目前为止已经做完。

have/has+动词的过去的分词 例：I have finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业。）

2.3.被动语态

（一）答案

[参考答案]

4.BABCB

BDACB

ADDBA

CCABD 5.被动语态

（二）答案

参考答案：

1.1-5 B D D D C

2.1-6 B C B B C A

3.1-3 A B B

4.1-3 A B A

5.1-3 B D B 6.1-3 B A D 7.1-3 A B A 8.1-5 D B B C D 9.1-4 B A D D 10.1-3 B B A 11.1-3 B A C 12.1-3 D D B 13.1-3 B A A 14.1-4 B C B 15.1-4 B D A C 16.1-3 A B C 17.1-3 B C D 18.1-3 C C D 19.1-3 A C B

宾语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有：when, where, why等。18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2)Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3）which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）

The package(which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1）when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于”介词+ which“结构，因此常常和”介词+ which“结构交替使用，例如：

There are occasions when(on which)one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born.北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

2）that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和”介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：

His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place(that / where / in which)he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

1．语序

无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋„„）”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：

1）连接词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有： who，what，which等。如：

Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？

The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？

2）连接词＋名词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：

He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。

The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人。

3）连接词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who（m），what，which，how many，how much，when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如：

He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。

Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？

4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：

Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。

2．连接词

1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：

He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。

2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：

I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。

但在下列情况下只能用whether：

①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether（if„or not也可以使用）。如：

Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我知道他是否能来。

I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。

I wonder whether we stay or whether wego．我不知道我们是去还是留。

②在介词之后用whether。如：

I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。

We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。

I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我担心是否伤了她的感情。

③在不定式前用whether。如：

He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。

I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。

He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。

④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：

Whether this is true or not，I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。

⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：

Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题。

The question is whether we can catch the bus．问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。

⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：

Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为：

a．Please let me know whether you like the book．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。

b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。

3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：

Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？

3．时态

含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：

1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：

I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来。

He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。

2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：

①The children didn't know who he was．孩子们不知道他是谁。

②He asked his father how it happened．他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。

3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转。

4．注意：

if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当„„时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：

—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？

—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。

—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否会来。

—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他会来的。

简化宾语从句常用六法

同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：

方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式

结构。例如：

Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.→Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him.→We decided to help him.方法二：当主句谓语动词是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：

She has forgotten how she can open the window.→She has forgotten how to open the window.注：当主句谓语动词是tell，ask，show，teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：

Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？

方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：

The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.→ The headmaster ordered us to start at once.方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：

He insisted that he should go with us.→He insisted on going with us.The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born.→The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：

Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.→ Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：

It seemed that the boys were going to win.→The boys seemed to win.除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：

I found that it was difficult to learn English well.→I found it difficult to learn English well.Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow.→Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.They found that the box was very heavy.→They found the box very heavy 习题一答案:1-5 A D C B C 二 答案:1-7 C B B A A A C 三 答案:1-6 B D B A A C 四答案:1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C 状语从句答案

1答案： 1.since 2.unless 3.because 4.where 5.after 6.than 7.as if 8.so that 9.before 10.as

2改错答案答案：1.can 改为could 2.去掉so 3.will come改为 comes 4.very改为 so 5.as soon as 改为when 6.was 改为is 7.than 之后加上that of 8.than 后加 those in 9.whatever改为 wherever 10.is改为 were 3答案答案：1.Whoever 2.Who 3.until 4.As 5.Although 6.that 7.unless 8.where 9.As 10 Hardly, when(No sooner , than)

4改错答案：1.for 放在looking 之后 2.which 改为 that 3.whom 改为who 4.which改为 how 5.that改为

whether 6.that 改为what 7.If改为 Whether 8.For改为Because 9.so改为 such 10.any 后加other

II.找出从句并指出是那类从句

1.It depends on whether we have enough time.2.The question he asked was where the electrical equipment should be stored.3.The mountain is no longer what it used to be.4.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.5.He was not the man that he was before.6.Now you was free , why not go swimming with us ? 7.Where there are schools and colleges , there are examinations.8.Bad habits , once firmed , are difficult to give up.9.She often wears the same kind of skirt as her twin sister does.10.The moment he opened the window , a bird flew in.答案：

1.whether we have enough time 介词宾语从句 2.he asked 定语从句 where the electrical equipment should be stored表语从句 3.what it used to be 表语从句

4.that she works hard 同位语从句 5.that he was before 定语从句

6.Now you was free 让步状语从句 now= now that 7.Where there are schools and colleges 地点状语从句 8.once firmed 时间状语从句 9.as her twin sister does 定语从句

10.The moment he opened the window 时间状语从句