高速公路的英文解释

第一篇：高速公路的英文解释

根据《朗文当代英语辞典》，expressway 这一说法确实存在，但它是美国英语的用法，指的是城市内的快速干道，其英语释义如下：a very wide road, usually in a city, on which cars can travel very quickly without stopping。如此说来，expressway 似乎等同于北京市区的环路，或者说是上海、南京等大城市的高架道路。

freeway，motorway 才是英语中表达高速公路的更常用词语。其中，freeway 也倾向于指市区的快速通道，根据中国地图出版社出版的中英对照的美国地图册，休斯顿市市区有 North Loop Freeway，Gulf Freeway，旧金山市中心有Southern Freeway，洛杉矶市市区有 Harbor Freeway，Santa Ana Freeway，达拉斯市闹市有 Lyndon Johnson Freeway 等等，从地图上看，这些道路都是穿越市区的。Motorway 这个单词则似乎更加对应我国的连接城市与城市，地区与地区的高速公路，因为《朗文当代英语辞典》对其下的定义是：a very wide road for traveling fast over long distances, especially between cities。

众所周知，英语中还有一个常见单词表达的也是“公路”的意思，这个单词就是 highway。《朗文当代英语辞典》对其的解释十分简明扼要，它就是指公路，尤其使用于美国英语中，其英文释义为 a broad main road that joins one town to another。interstate highway在美国十分普遍的说法，翻译成中文就是“州际公路”。

“高速公路”在美国还有两个典型美国英语的说法，一个叫做 turnpike，《朗文当代英语辞典》告诉我们，它就是指“收费的高速公路”。还有一个说法叫做 toll highway，也是“收费高速公路”的意思，因为高速公路一般都是收费的。但是，美国的高速公路建设起始年代比我国早多了，因此，有些高速公路建设时所借贷的贷款早已还清，这些高速公路就不再收费了，它们在英语里就叫做 toll-free highway。

综上所述，在英语中，表示“高速公路”的英语单词有好几个，根据辞典的释义以及使用习惯，如果是穿越城市的高速公路，即类似高架一样的快速通道，可以说成是expressway 和 freeway。表示连接一个城市和另一个城市，需要穿越大片野外空旷地段的高速公路，可以说 motorway，但这个单词似乎并不很常用，至少在美国如此。美国人在表达长途高速公路的时候还是喜欢用 highway，toll highway，turnpike 等这几个词语。当然，highway 有一定的两面性，它也可以指普通公路，因此，它的意思就要看具体的语境了。

顺便提一下，很多地方为“绕城公路”翻译成了round city expressway，而实际上，绕城公路在美国翻译成beltway：美国首都华盛顿就有 capital city beltway（首都绕城公路）。

第二篇：GP12英文解释

PPAP生产件批准程序(Production part approval process)SQE:上海通用 PPAP生产件提交保证书：主要有生产件尺寸检验报告,外观检验报告,功能检验报告,材料检验报告;外加一些零件控制方法和供应商控制方法；主要是制造形企业要求供应商在提交产品时做PPAP文件及首件，只有当PPAP文件全部合格后才能提交；当工程变更后还须提交报告。PPAP是对生产件的控制程序，也是对质量的一种管理方法。PQC制程质量控制/质量检验

所谓制程控制第一.对每批次开拉或更换产品时的首件产品确认,并给予生产部生产产品的标准,首检有告知、预防功能。第二、对在线产品的检验要求应按首件样品要求进行控制，意为正式生产时所有的产品必须符合首件样品的要求，且在开拉前一定要做来料检验就是对快要生产的产品的原材料进行确认物料的正确性。PQC还应做到发现问题，在自己力所能及的情况下解决问题，并要跟进问题。所谓一等检验员是会发现、解决、跟进问题。二等检验员是只会发现问题仅做个播音机似的进行反馈。三等检验员是什么都不会做

APQP=Advanced Product Quality Planning

中文意思是:产品质量先期策划（或者产品质量先期策划和控制计划）是QS9000/TS16949质量管理体系的一部分。

定义及其他知识点：1产品质量策划是一种结构化的方法，用来确定和制定确保某产品使顾客满意所需的步骤。2产品质量策划的目标是促进与所涉及每一个人的联系，以确保所要求的步骤按时完成。3有效的产品质量策划依赖于高层管理者对努力达到使顾客满意这一宗旨的承诺。

AIAG:Automotive Industry Action Group 意思是美国汽车工业行动集团SQE供货商管理工程师 ：

1、必须要有供应商跟踪的方式，质量问题独立处理的方法；

2、高级职位必须要有成本控制、质量控制管理的清晰思路与意识、坚持的原则底线；

3、供应商的内部品质管理流程、以及可能出现的问题对应方法。

第三篇：常用英文缩写解释

 常用英文缩写解释

CPR：Computer-Based Patient Record电子病历

EMR：Electronic Medical Record电子病历

CIS：Clinic Information System临床信息系统

HIS：Hospital Information System 医院信息系统

LIS：Laboratory Information System实验室信息系统

PACS：Picture Archiving and Communicating System图片存档及通信系统 RIS：Radiation Information System放射信息系统

OR：Operating Room手术麻醉信息系统

OA：Office Automatization 办公室自动化

ICU：Intensive Care Unit 重症监护病房（重症监护信息系统）

CCU：Coronary Care Unit冠心病监护病区

ADT：Admission discharge transfer入院、出院和转院的相关信息

HMIS：Hospital Management Information System医院管理信息系统

CT：Computer Tomography 计算机断层扫描

ECT：Emission Computerized Tomography 发射式计算机处理断层摄影 MRI：Magnetic Resonance Imaging核磁共振成像

DSA：Digital Subtraction Angiography数字减影血管造影

CR：Computed Radiography 电脑放射线摄影

DR：Digital Radiography数位放射线摄影

EHR：Electronic Health Record电子健康系统

CPOE：Computerised Physician Order Entry计算机处方输入

HL7：Health Level Seven 美国卫生信息传输标准

DICOM：Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine医学数字成像及通信标准 ILE：Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise医用信息系统集成CDR:临床数据仓库

eMAR:电子化用药管理记录

第四篇：婚姻法 解释三 附英文

《婚姻法》解释三（附英文）

《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国婚姻法〉若干问题的解释

（三）》已于2011年7月4日由最高人民法院审判委员会第1525次会议通过，现予公布，自2011年8月13日起施行。二○一一年八月九日 法释〔2011〕18号 最高人民法院关于适用

《中华人民共和国婚姻法》若干问题的解释

（三）（2011年7月4日最高人民法院审判委员会第1525次会议通过）

为正确审理婚姻家庭纠纷案件，根据《中华人民共和国婚姻法》、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》等相关法律规定，对人民法院适用婚姻法的有关问题作出如下解释： 第一条 当事人以婚姻法第十条规定以外的情形申请宣告婚姻无效的，人民法院应当判决驳回当事人的申请。

当事人以结婚登记程序存在瑕疵为由提起民事诉讼，主张撤销结婚登记的，告知其可以依法申请行政复议或者提起行政诉讼。

第二条 夫妻一方向人民法院起诉请求确认亲子关系不存在，并已提供必要证据予以证明，另一方没有相反证据又拒绝做亲子鉴定的，人民法院可以推定请求确认亲子关系不存在一方的主张成立。

当事人一方起诉请求确认亲子关系，并提供必要证据予以证明，另一方没有相反证据又拒绝做亲子鉴定的，人民法院可以推定请求确认亲子关系一方的主张成立。第三条 婚姻关系存续期间，父母双方或者一方拒不履行抚养子女义务，未成年或者不能独立生活的子女请求支付抚养费的，人民法院应予支持。

第四条 婚姻关系存续期间，夫妻一方请求分割共同财产的，人民法院不予支持，但有下列重大理由且不损害债权人利益的除外：

（一）一方有隐藏、转移、变卖、毁损、挥霍夫妻共同财产或者伪造夫妻共同债务等严重损害夫妻共同财产利益行为的；

（二）一方负有法定扶养义务的人患重大疾病需要医治，另一方不同意支付相关医疗费用的。

第五条 夫妻一方个人财产在婚后产生的收益，除孳息和自然增值外，应认定为夫妻共同财产。

第六条 婚前或者婚姻关系存续期间，当事人约定将一方所有的房产赠与另一方，赠与方在赠与房产变更登记之前撤销赠与，另一方请求判令继续履行的，人民法院可以按照合同法第一百八十六条的规定处理。

第七条 婚后由一方父母出资为子女购买的不动产，产权登记在出资人子女名下的，可按照婚姻法第十八条第（三）项的规定，视为只对自己子女一方的赠与，该不动产应认定为夫妻一方的个人财产。由双方父母出资购买的不动产，产权登记在一方子女名下的，该不动产可认定为双方按照各自父母的出资份额按份共有，但当事人另有约定的除外。

第八条 无民事行为能力人的配偶有虐待、遗弃等严重损害无民事行为能力一方的人身权利或者财产权益行为,其他有监护资格的人可以依照特别程序要求变更监护关系；变更后的监护人代理无民事行为能力一方提起离婚诉讼的，人民法院应予受理。第九条 夫以妻擅自中止妊娠侵犯其生育权为由请求损害赔偿的，人民法院不予支持；夫妻双方因是否生育发生纠纷，致使感情确已破裂，一方请求离婚的，人民法院经调解无效，应依照婚姻法第三十二条第三款第（五）项的规定处理。

第十条 夫妻一方婚前签订不动产买卖合同，以个人财产支付首付款并在银行贷款，婚后用夫妻共同财产还贷，不动产登记于首付款支付方名下的，离婚时该不动产由双方协议处理。

依前款规定不能达成协议的，人民法院可以判决该不动产归产权登记一方，尚未归还的贷款为产权登记一方的个人债务。双方婚后共同还贷支付的款项及其相对应财产增值部分，离婚时应根据婚姻法第三十九条第一款规定的原则，由产权登记一方对另一方进行补偿。第十一条 一方未经另一方同意出售夫妻共同共有的房屋，第三人善意购买、支付合理对价并办理产权登记手续，另一方主张追回该房屋的，人民法院不予支持。

夫妻一方擅自处分共同共有的房屋造成另一方损失，离婚时另一方请求赔偿损失的，人民法院应予支持。

第十二条 婚姻关系存续期间，双方用夫妻共同财产出资购买以一方父母名义参加房改的房屋，产权登记在一方父母名下，离婚时另一方主张按照夫妻共同财产对该房屋进行分割的，人民法院不予支持。购买该房屋时的出资，可以作为债权处理。

第十三条 离婚时夫妻一方尚未退休、不符合领取养老保险金条件，另一方请求按照夫妻共同财产分割养老保险金的，人民法院不予支持；婚后以夫妻共同财产缴付养老保险费，离婚时一方主张将养老金账户中婚姻关系存续期间个人实际缴付部分作为夫妻共同财产分割的，人民法院应予支持。

第十四条 当事人达成的以登记离婚或者到人民法院协议离婚为条件的财产分割协议，如果双方协议离婚未成，一方在离婚诉讼中反悔的，人民法院应当认定该财产分割协议没有生效，并根据实际情况依法对夫妻共同财产进行分割。

第十五条 婚姻关系存续期间，夫妻一方作为继承人依法可以继承的遗产，在继承人之间尚未实际分割，起诉离婚时另一方请求分割的，人民法院应当告知当事人在继承人之间实际分割遗产后另行起诉。

第十六条 夫妻之间订立借款协议，以夫妻共同财产出借给一方从事个人经营活动或用于其他个人事务的，应视为双方约定处分夫妻共同财产的行为，离婚时可按照借款协议的约定处理。

第十七条 夫妻双方均有婚姻法第四十六条规定的过错情形，一方或者双方向对方提出离婚损害赔偿请求的，人民法院不予支持。第十八条 离婚后，一方以尚有夫妻共同财产未处理为由向人民法院起诉请求分割的，经审查该财产确属离婚时未涉及的夫妻共同财产，人民法院应当依法予以分割。第十九条 本解释施行后，最高人民法院此前作出的相关司法解释与本解释相抵触的，以本解释为准。

Interpretations of the Supreme People’s Court about Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China(III)

(Adopted at the1525th meeting, on July 4, 2011 by the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People’s Court)

With a view to correctly hearing the cases of disputes over marriage and families, interpretations of relevant problems on the application of Marriage Law by people’s court of law are made as follow, according to Marriage Law of the PRC, Civil Procedure Law of the PRC and other relevant laws and regulations: Article 1 The court shall dismiss the application by a party concerned for the declaration of annulment of marriage according to the situations other than the one specified in the Article 10 of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China,.In case a party concerned brings a civil action to claim revocation of marriage registration on the ground that the marriage registration process was flawed, they shall be informed that they may apply for administrative reconsideration or file an administrative lawsuit.Article 2 Where one party of the couple plead with the court to confirm the inexistence of parent-child relationship and has provided necessary evidences to prove it, while the other party does not have the opposite evidence but refuses to do the paternity test, the court may presume that the claim held by such party who pleads confirmation of inexistence of parent-child relationship is upheld..If one party pleads with the court to confirm parent-child relationship, and provides the necessary evidence to prove it, while the other party has no evidence to the contrary but refuses to do the paternity test, the court may presume that the claim held by such party who pleads confirmation of existence of parent-child relationship is upheld.Article 3 The court shall support the pleading for maintenance claimed by minor children or those children who can not live independently if both parents or one parent refuses to assume the obligation to support children during the existence of the matrimonial relationship.Article 4 The court shall not support the pleading to divide the community property made by a party of the couple during the existence of the matrimonial relationship, except for the following major reasons and without prejudice to the rights and interests of creditors:

a)Where one party has the acts, including, without limitation, hiding, transferring, selling off, destructing, squandering property jointly owned or forging joint debts, which seriously damages the rights and interests in and to properties jointly owned by the couple.b)Where the people for whom one party concerned has statutory support obligations suffers from serious diseases and needs medical treatment, the other party does not agree to pay the medical expenses.Article 5 The revenue generated by one party’s personal property after marriage, except for Fructus and unearned increment , should be recognized as property jointly owned by the two parities in marriage.Article 6 Where the parties concerned have agreed that one party gives away his or her real property to the other party before or during the existence of the marriage, and then revokes the contract of gift before the registration of the gift real property has been changed, the other party pleads an order of specific performance, the people’s court may deal with the case in accordance with the provisions in Article 186 of the Contact Law.Article 7 Where the title of real estate bought by the parents of one party after marriage is registered in the name of the son or daughter of such parents, it is deemed to be donation to their son or daughter and thus to be the personal property of their son or daughter in accordance with the Article 18(3)of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China.Where the purchase of real estate is financed by parents of both parties, and the title of the real property is registered in the name of one party, the property is deemed be property by jointly owned in accordance with their parents’ respective share of contribution unless otherwise agreed by the parties.Article 8 In case the spouse of the person without capacity for civil conduct has any act, including, without limitation, abuse and abandonment, which jeopardizes the personal or property rights of the party without capacity for civil conduct, others with custody eligibility may plead a change in guardianship in compliance with special procedures;where the substituted guardian takes a divorce proceedings for the party without capacity for civil conduct, the court should accept it.Article 9 The court shall not support the pleading made by the husband for damages on the ground of unauthorized termination of pregnancy by his wife and infringement on his reproductive rights;where both husband and wife dispute over childbearing, resulting in actual rupture of emotion, if a party pleads a divorce, the people’s court shall deal with it in accordance with the provisions in Article 32(3)of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China after mediation fails.Article 10 Where one party in the marriage has signed a real estate purchase contract before marriage, pays the down payment with his/her personal property, takes a loan from the bank, repays the bank mortgage with the community property of both parties after marriage and registers the real estate under the name of the payer of down payment, both parties shall dispose of the real estate by mutual agreement at the time of divorce.Where both parties fail to reach an agreement based on the preceding paragraph, the people’s court may rule that such real estate vests in the party under whose name the real estate is registered and the loan outstanding thereof shall be the personal debt of such party.In respect of the loan repayment jointly paid by both parties after marriage and the corresponding property increment of the real estate, the party under whose name the real estate is registered shall make compensation to the other party at the time of divorce in accordance with the principle specified in Paragraph 1 of Article 39 of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China.Article 11 Where one party in the marriage sells a house under co-ownership without the consent of the other party, the third person makes the purchase and payment in good faith with reasonable consideration and completes the property ownership registration formalities, the people’s court shall not uphold the claim made by the other party of the couple for the recovery of the house.(Where one party in the marriage disposes of the real estate under co-ownership without the consent of the other party, thereby resulting in the loss of the other party of the couple, and the other party claims for compensation of the loss, the people’s count shall uphold such claim.)Article 12 During the existence of the marriage, Where both parties in the marriage make capital contribution to purchase a house under the housing reform scheme in the name of one party’s parent(s), the property ownership is registered under the name of such party’s parent, the people’s court shall not uphold the claim made by the other party for division of the house as their community property at the time of divorce.Such contribution for the purchase of a house may be treated as creditor’s rights.Article 13 Where one party in the marriage, at the time of divorce, has not retired and fails to meet the requirements for receiving endowment insurance benefits, the people’s court shall not uphold the claim of the other party for division of the endowment insurance benefits as their community property;where the endowment insurance premium is paid with the community property of both parties after marriage and one party makes a claim, at the time of divorce, for division of the portion in the pension account actually paid by him/her during the marriage as the community property of both parties, the people’s court shall uphold such claim.Article 14 Where the parties concerned have reached the property division agreement for the purpose of registered divorce or uncontest divorce filed with the court, but the two parties have failed to reach the divorce agreement and one party goes back on his or her words in the divorce proceedings, the court shall conclude that the agreement for the property division has not gone into effect, and divide the community property according to the actual situation.Article 15 Where in the duration of marriage, the estate that one party can inherit as one of heirs has not been distributed between heirs, and when suing for divorce, the other party requests for distribution the court shall inform the party that he or she should file another suit after the estate will be distributed between heirs.Article 16 lf a borrowing agreement has been concluded between husband and wife to have community property lend to a party for personal business activities, or for other personal matters, the agreement shall be deemed to be an act of disposal of community property as agreed upon.When filing a lawsuit for divorce, the dispute can be handled in accordance with provisions in the borrowing agreement.Article 17 Where both parties have the faults specified in Article 46 of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China, the people’s court shall not support the claim made by either or both parties for damages for divorce against the other party.Article 18 After the divorce, if one party files to the court requesting splitting the undivided community property, and after verification that the property proves indeed to be the community property which has not been divided in divorce, the court shall divide it in accordance with the law.Article 19 After the implementation of these interpretations, if there are any discrepancies between these interpretations and previous relevant judicial interpretations made by the Supreme People’s Court and these interpretations shall prevail.

第五篇：商务英语高级idioms英文解释

Phrases and idioms:

P67

1.He will do more manual job if they need to be done.2.Likes to be in control of every little detail(almost to the point of obsession);cannot delegate easily.3.Tries to do too many things at the same time.4.Challenges you(verbally).5.Does not take into account of the arguments or suggestions you present.6.To have a good relationship with.7.The company’s interests are not her principal concern.P68

1.Too involved with the detail to be able to see the wider picture.2.Doesn’t want to be publicly embarrassed by being shown to be wrong.3.Only focus on one thing, and ignore other considerations.4.Take on a task that they don’t have the time or capacity to do alone.5.Too many managers and people giving orders and not enough people to carry out the work.6.To take an easy route to a solution that may compromise quality, safety or legality.7.To think you can solve a problem by spending money when it actually needs more careful planning and thought.8.Begin a task or start a discussion which may lead to endless problems and difficulties.9.Do everything that you are asked to do without questioning it.P90

1.An obstacle.2.Begin at the very beginning

3.Create sth that has already been created.4.Progress without any difficulties.5.Gone up and up without apparent limits.6.Inevitable problems that you get when you implement sth new.7.Compromise.8.Goes wrong.Module 10(10.2, P102, exercise 4)

First proposal:

well laid out and organised;clear identification of main problems.Tone is appropriate;good use of language and expressions.only one concrete proposal(headphones)otherwise adds nothing useful to the discussion, i.e.it doesn’t really answer the manager’s request.Second proposal:

examples given are much more concrete and the recommendations are more thoughtful/ original.It would be much more useful to the manager than C’s proposal.The tone is less formal than C’s but is acceptable.greatly.Also it isn’t clear if he has consulted other staff---using “I” in the opening sentence is stylistically wrong(too subjective).P110

Exercise 5: 1.Not many places can offer such good conditions.2.Things that are brought into the country are not taxed.3.An opportunity not to be missed.4.A relaxed feeling in the place.5.To be there at the beginning, before other people get involved and push prices up.P111

Exercise 7: 1.An incentive.2.To be convenient.3.Not to stop to reconsider.4.To rise very gradually

5.To do sth(usu a big step)without further hesitation.6.To have all the benefits of sth without any of the disadvantages.