口译期末论文

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第一篇:口译期末论文

口译与记忆

——以《胡锦涛在上海世博会欢迎晚宴上的祝酒辞》为例

从心理学的角度上,人们把记忆分为短时记忆(STM)和长时记忆(LTM)。从字面意义上讲,短时记忆就是在短时间内记住信息,它不需要利用任何神经机制来为以后提取此信息而加强记忆。长时记忆是指利用神经系统储存信息,这些信息与数据能在数周、数月、乃至几年后仍旧记忆犹新(曾传生,2010)。无论是同声传译或是交替传译,记忆能力,尤其是短时记忆能力都显得尤为重要。

口译是以短时记忆为中心的语言活动。口译的过程大致可以概括为四步:获取源语言信息,存储信息,提取信息,转换成目的语。其中,该过程的前三步,都与短时记忆息息相关。在同传或交传的过程中,译者主要借助短时记忆,利用听觉及语义存储信息、处理信息,并最终转换信息。Peterson(1959)的研究表明,他所实验的短时记忆能持续6到12秒。口译的特点也决定了译员必须要充分利用短时记忆。此次口译活动结束,译员会接到可能内容风格可能完全不同的口译任务,此时,这个翻译任务所涉及的内容、主题和发言人会截然不同。因此,短时记忆是译员所需要的最基本的记忆技能。

祝酒辞应属商务口译的范畴。商务口译存在传播的“生活形式” 以及口译传播的“及席性”的特点。而这些特点也往往造成了对口译传播与意义表达的制约(朱铮铮,2009)。《胡锦涛在上海世博会欢迎晚宴上的祝酒辞》中,也大致体现了商务口译的一些特点。但对于国家领导人在如此重要的场合下所做的祝酒辞稿件,译者必定是事先对原稿有了比较详尽的了解。尽管如此,该祝酒辞依然蕴含着生活化与即席性的特点。例如,在此祝酒辞的最后,胡锦涛主席提议“为举办一届成功、精彩、难忘的世博会,为世界人民的团结和友谊,为人类文明发展进步,为各位嘉宾和家人身体健康,干杯”这部分,便体现了生活化与即席性的特点。

口译活动依赖译员的短时记忆能力,但并不表示译员的长时记忆不发挥作用。长时记忆里储存的是平时积累的生活常识、专业知识、各种经历等,其容量是无限的。信息在此储存的时候见响度较长,有的内容甚至终身不忘(贺煜,肖颖,李纪超,2009)。长时记忆,是一个需要不断学习的过程。译员的语言知识、文化知识等的系统储备,对口译也是至关重要的。例如,在这篇祝酒辞中,出现

1了我国国家领导人经常会提及的我国经济社会等各项发展必须走的道路及必须坚持的原则,即“中国将高举和平、发展、合作旗帜,始终不渝地走和平发展道路,始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略,坚持在和平共处五项原则的基础上同所有国家发展友好合作,同各国人民一道推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。”此处的翻译质量,就完全取决于译者的长时记忆。即译者是否具备扎实稳妥的基本功以及充足的知识储备,尤其是译者是否了解对国家发展战略等问题的惯用翻译方法。除此之外,长时记忆还适用于一些常用固定搭配以及习惯表达等方面。例如祝酒辞中提到的取长补短(learn from each other and draw on each other’s strengths)、书写…的新篇章(add a new chapter to…)、注册类世博会(the registered World Expo)、国际展览局(the International Exhibitions Bureau BIE)、搭起…的桥梁(…serve as a bridge)、秘书长(Secretary General)等等。

在上学期短暂的口译实践中,个人认为,口译的几大难点在于对源语言的理解,在于短时记忆能力有限以及专业术语乃至语言点掌握不足等三个方面。钟述孔在其所著的实用口译手册(修订版)中指出, “An interpreter must realize from the very beginning of his training that it is always memory on the basis of correct comprehension that plays the major role in ensuring accuracy in interpreting, not note-taking”(p.42, 1994).由此可见,对源语言正确及时的理解辅以较强的短时记忆能力,对准确高效的口译实践,意义重大。

国家领导人在比较正式的国际场合讲话,惯用较长的排比句式,乍一听,会感觉到一种句式复杂句子冗长的特点,其实仔细分析下来,我们可以发现,排比式的长句子翻译起来还是有规律可循的。这就需要在正确理解大意的基础之上,合理安排分配短时记忆,并借助笔记的辅助功能。例如,在《胡锦涛在上海世博会欢迎晚宴上的祝酒辞》中,第一段有这样的表达:“我谨代表中国政府和人民,对各位嘉宾莅临上海世博会,表示热烈的欢迎!对给予上海世博会真诚帮助和大力支持的各国政府和人民,对国际展览局和有关国际组织,对所有为上海世博会作出贡献的朋友们,表示诚挚的谢意!”听完这段话,单纯依靠短时记忆就能准确无误地翻译出来是基本不可能的,但在听的过程中,我们不难发现,整段话需要特别记忆的,无非就是欢迎的对象以及感谢的对象。但是,需要特别注意的是,记住欢迎以及感谢的对象貌似也不太容易,那在听的过程中,就尽量摒除起修饰

作用的定语部分,简化的结果就是,欢迎莅临者,感谢各国政府和人民,感谢国际展览局和有关国际组织。

在口译实践的过程中,由于短时记忆能力有限,经常会出现信息缺失的情况。即,短时记忆的内容转瞬即逝。综合其原因,一方面,可能是受到同时接受的信息的干扰,另一方面,可能是由于时间的推移使得信息退出记忆而导致的短时记忆衰退(曾传生,2010)。短时记忆容量有限,Miller(1956)在其论文《神秘数字7加或减2》中就论述了,短时记忆大概是7加或减2个单位。短时记忆的另一个特点便是,它把信息的听觉形式保留下来(贺煜,肖颖,李纪超,2009)。

记忆,尤其是短时记忆在口译中的作用十分重要。对译员进行加强短时记忆的训练是十分必要的。短时记忆的目的是为了帮助译员更好地理解源语言,进而使译员的译语准确到位(曾传生,2010)。曾传生在其所著的《英语同声传译概论》中,提到了四种记忆训练的方法。分别是,归类:对同一特质的物品进行归类;归纳:从文中所给的特定的例子或者信息中进行总结归纳;比较:关注事物的不同之处和相同之处;描述:描述一个场景,一种形状,或者一个事物的大小,等等。如果以《胡锦涛在上海世博会欢迎晚宴上的祝酒辞》为训练范本,以上四种记忆训练方法在原文的翻译过程中也是可以借鉴的。例如,原文中“世博会是荟萃人类文明成果的盛会,也是世界各国人民共享欢乐和友谊的聚会”这是一句由两个分句组成的完整句子。两个分句的相同之处便在于世博会是盛会是聚会,不同之处便在于盛会与聚会的修饰成分。因此,在听这段话的过程中,显然要更加注重对修饰成分的记忆与理解。

通过上学期短暂的口译实践,我意识到,虽然译者的听、说、读、写、译等综合能力和专业知识能力对做好口译起关键作用,但对信息的有效记忆则是实现成功口译的必经之路。在正确理解源语言信息的基础上,做到有效的短时记忆与口译笔记相互补充,才能真正获取口译段落的完整信息。因此,做口译的过程,就是一个长时记忆与短时记忆相互结合,相互辅助的过程。以正确及时地理解信息的真实意义为前提,在结合自己已有的、储存在大脑中已达到长时记忆中的语言知识、跨文化知识、跨学科知识的基础上,恰当运用语言的分析、归纳、分类等技巧,同时尽量摒弃信息中的非主要部分,从而将信息最清晰地、牢固地储存在大脑中,形成对信息的有效记忆,以期圆满完成口译任务。

参考文献:

【1】 曾传生.英语同声传译概论.北京:北京大学出版社,2010年.1-208.【2】 钟述孔.使用口译手册.第二版.北京:中国对外翻译出版社,1994

年.1-480.【3】 贺煜,肖颖,李纪超.关于口译有效记忆方法的研究.湖北成人教育

学院学报.2009.15(5).75-77.【4】 朱铮铮.商务口译的形式模态及其语境化特征.浙江工商大学学报.2009.97(4).44-47.

第二篇:口译 期末

第2章 9-10 英译汉

1.我非常高兴今天早上能够来到这里,宣布中国西部国际经贸洽谈会召开。我要感谢四川省人民政府邀请我们来参加这次重要的盛会。2.我很荣幸能够在人民大会堂讲话。国际劳工组织非常高兴能够和社会与劳动保障部共同组织这次活动。

3.在此,我想X才所有与会专家和代表的严谨的研究态度、严肃的学术讨论和不懈的研究工作表示深深的敬意。

4.在我们的共同努力下,讨论巳经实现了交流和寻求未来机遇的目标。我们不仅在会上讨论了问题,在会后也交换了意见,并且决定将进一步合作。5.最后,请允许我代表组委会对所有尊贵的来宾和代表表示感谢,谢谢你们来参加这次会议。由于你们的支持和帮助,我们的会议取得了圆满成功。6.非常感谢您的盛情款待。但是我们这次访问贵公司所期望的还远远不止这些。我知道我们之间存在一些误解,希望今天的交流能够让我们更好地了解彼此、克服障碍。

7.我十分高兴我们的访问取得了如此大的成功。相信我们所建立的合作将会带领我们实现双贏。而且,也衷心希望我们的合作能够永远持续下去。8.我祝愿你们的事业在今天、在未来的岁月中都能够蓬勃发展。谢谢!

汉译英

1.I am very pleased to take part in today's event, and I am truly honored to have this opportunity of exchanging with elites in this industry and discussing the blueprint for development.2.Taking this opportunity, I would like to thank our association and all the Mends in this industry for your concern, support and caring to my company.I sincerely hope that this cooperation and friendship can last forever and constantly make achievements.3.I sincerely wish that friends present today can continue enhancing understanding, friendship and cooperation as well as making joint development.With greater passion, better service and stronger performance, we can return more to you and to our society.4.I want to express my gratitude to the host for giving us such a wonderful chance to have a platform for communication.5.I feel honored to visit this beautiful city for the first time.Taking this opportunity, please allow me, on behalf of all my delegation, to extend our sincere appreciation to the host for the hospitality.6.There was a poet in ancient China who once said, “Long distances separate no bosom friends.” What a pleasure that we can get together here today!7.Finally, I would like to propose a toast to the health of Mr.President and his wife, our guests and all the friends and comrades present.Cheers!8.To organize a large-scale tournament needs a large amount of manpower.Therefore, I would like to thank the great efforts that the organizer has made for the success of the competition.And my thanks also go to the People's Government of Tianjin and sponsors.第4章

50-51 英译汉

1.你方的支付条款是什么?

2.从我们的合同样本中,你可以知道,我们要求货款以保兑的、不可撤消的、允许分装和转船、见票即付的信用证支付。3.你是否能破例接受付款交单或承兑交单的支付方式呢? 4.如果在我们的商品投放到市场时,其他进口商的同类商品巳经以盈利的价格在销售,那我们就输给别人了。

5.我们想在5月底之前拿到货物以便赶上销售旺季。6.恐怕我方将不得不到别处购买而取消这笔生意了。

7.你方给我方订单装运的货物质量与双方所商定的规格不符,因此我们必须向你们提出索赔。

8.根据你方的报价,我们不得不大幅度减少原定的购买量。9.考虑到我们之间的友好关系,对你方这批试购的货物我们准备破例接受付款交单的方式付款。

10.我方希望你方认真考虑商业信誉并立即开出信用证,否则,由此造成的一切损失将由你方承担。

汉译英

1.The L/C must reach us one month before shipment.2.If one side fails to observe the contract, the other side is entitled to cancel it 3.We'll do our best to meet your demand.Since your order is quite large, would you like to accept partial shipment? 4.We generally require the L/C to remain valid until the fifteenth day after shipment.5.The goods will be inspected by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau.It will then issue a certificate of quality and a certificate of weight.6.It is likely that the goods were spoiled to make weight short during transit.A claim would be lodged with the insurance company.7.May I have an idea of the time of your invitation for bid? 8.1 know your products have a good reputation.But what if the weight is short or the quality is poor? 9.According to international practice, bidders need to pay a cash deposit or hand in a letter of guarantee from a commercial bank.10.If a bidder fails to win the bid, the cash deposit or the letter of guarantee will be returned to him/her within one week after the decision on award is declared.第7章

108-109 英译汉 1.经过一年多卓有成效的工作,今天我们十分高兴地宣布:我们已经成功完成关于中国私营企业的研究,这是同类研究中的第一份,并编成了题为《中国新兴的私营企业新世纪的前景》的新书。2.如果没有国家经贸委的支持和澳大利亚政府慷慨的资助,我们是无法走到今天的。我们非常自豪地向政府机关和广大民众展示这本书,之后我们将很高兴回答媒体的提问。

3.这是中华人民共和国政府和巴布亚新几内亚的共建项目。中国政府提供了 1,075 万美元补贴贷款作为项目资金。这是巴布亚新几内亚首个同类项目。工厂建成后,每年将生产1万吨精炼盐。工厂运行30年后将归当地政府所有。

4.距世界水日还有两天,请让我代表联合国开发计划署,首先感谢各位的到来以及对“改善水资源管理和中国农村地区饮用水安全”项目的重视。

5.我代表联合国驻华系统和联合国开发项目,欢迎各位参加“农民工法律援助律师工作促进网”的启动仪式。

6.这个项目旨在支持法律从业者在他们的工作中帮助贫穷和弱势群体。广大律师的参与和国际国内有关机构的合作使得这个项目具有创新性,并且从发展的角度来看很有前景。7.我们希望这个项目不仅可以促进扩大农民工及其家庭获得司法公正,而且还可以促进政府和民间组织之间更密切地合作,帮助中国社会中的贫穷和弱势群体获得平等权利。

8.在此,我要感i射部里为社区做出的巨大贡献以及为获得实质性改善所采取的必要措施。

汉译英 英译汉1.Today is the launching of Canon 2008 DV new products.It is also the very first communication between Canon and media friends in this year.Please allow me, on behalf of Canon, to express my sincere appreciation and welcome to all of you.2.In this year, Canon introduced various excellent products to the Chinese market.And with the expansion of market strategy, after-sales service has been strengthened at different fronts.In 2007, the sales volume of Canon increased by 30%, which has exceeded the target of $1 billion.3.The launch of CRTs FM service in Laos is the fruit of the wisdom of two creative peoples and a symbol of the enhanced friendship between two governments.4.We hope CRI Lao 93.0 FM will grow further and become a faithful friend of the people of Laos.5.This launching ceremony is held at the end of the year.The major objective is to introduce our research results of organic products to friends.Also, we would like to cooperate with the research institutions in Beijing suburban area.Jointly, we will promote the development of aquaculture in Beijing suburbs and offer people in Beijing with organic, nutritious, healthy and safe aquatic products.6.This is the essential measure of Dongfeng Automobile to meet the challenges of China's accession to WTO, to invigorate national automobile industry, to build the No.l brand of Chinese business cars through advertisement innovation and to promote domestic vehicles in the international market.7.The leading actor of today's launching ceremony is the new product of yogurt department of our company~Yili LGG Yogurt.This is another important achievement by introducing high-technology to our company and improving the quality of our products.What worth mentioning is that the new LGG yogurt has inherited the good quality of Yili products and strong fashionable characters and vibrant factors were added to this new product.8.What's more, the functions of LGG enable it to take the leading role in international probiotics area.It is recognized as the best probiotics in the world.Therefore, Yili yogurt added with LGG, undoubtedly, will represent the highest level probiotics yogurt in China.第10章

173-175 1.此次访问的主要问题就是要加强“亚洲户外用品展”的国际影响力。德国主办方腓德烈斯哈芬展览公司充分肯定和赞许了亚洲户外展项目组前期招商工作,并陪同亚洲户外展项目团队对欧洲重要客户进行了拜访。2.双方进一步明确通过召开全球巡回推荐会、加大国际广告投人的方式加大对全球招商力度。

3.腓德烈斯哈芬展览公司以欧洲户外展客户资料库为依托,前期向全世界发送了 10万封亚洲户外展的邀请函,在客户资源方面对亚洲户外展给予了强有力的支持,凭借欧洲户外展的品牌知名度,使绝大多数欧洲户外品牌生产商以及代理商对亚洲户外用品展有了更充分的了解。

4.为了确保欧洲户外展丰富多彩的展会配套活动原汁原味地呈现在亚洲户外展上,本次项目组还与德方全面沟通了展会各项配套活动方案。德方认为亚洲户外展目前的配套活动方案既确保了欧洲户外展的特色,又增加了部分亚洲特色,是一个极具创新性的想法。

5.新西兰位于南太平洋,在南纬34度至47度之间。全国大致呈南北方向,从南到北大部份地区有山脉纵贯。两座主要岛屿(南岛与北岛)面积约为266,200平方公里(103,735平方英里),大小约和日本及美国加州相同,比英国略大。6.新西兰是一个经济结构和政府结构发展十分完善的现代化国家,政府模式以英国的国会制为蓝本。多年以来,新西兰一直是拥有主权的国家,属英联邦成员国,与英国只有松散的关系。

7.新西兰是一个独立自主的国家,也是英联邦成员国。它由多个民族构成,人口 400 万,大多数为英国后裔。新西兰的土著居民毛利人约占总人口的14%。8.奧克兰是新西兰人口最多的居民点,它位于两大海港之间。奧克兰是新西兰的门户,它自身也是一个非常好的旅游目的地。游客可以乘渡轮或租船在各岛旅游,步行穿越丛林,徜徉在葡萄园之间,并享受海滨城市的悠闲。

汉译英

1.The biannual Auto China has organized nine expositions from 1990 to 2006.The scale of Auto China has been ever enlarging and the number of participating enterprises has increased while displayed products are updated.The influence is increasingly extensive.It has already become an important event in Chinese and foreign automobile industry.2.For dozens of years, Auto China has maintained its feature of large scale among domestic automobile exhibitions.It followed the concept and characteristic of showing the best products of the most comprehensive brands and being international.It develops from an ordinary professional exhibition to an internationally influential exhibition.It is now the most authoritative and influential auto show in China.3.In the ninth Auto China held in November 2006, almost all the foreign famous automobile manufacturers had classified it as A-level exhibition.It means Auto China has been in the same class with the auto shows in Frankfurt, Geneva, Paris, Tokyo and Detroit.4.We believe that the Auto China 2008, as a large economic and trade exchange activity right before Beijing Olympic Games, will play an important role in warming-up for Olympic economy, promoting various trade technological exchange and economic cooperation between Chinese auto industry and international counterparts.5.Daqing is the oil capital of China and an important national energy base.It is located in the western part of Heilongjiang Province with a total area of 21,000 square kilometers and a population of 2.644 million.Currently, there are four counties and five executive districts under its jurisdiction.6.In 2005, the gross product of the city was RMB 140.07 billion.Local financial revenue was 4.85 billion yuan while the investment in fixed assets was RMB30.27 billion.7.As the largest oil production base in China, Daqing has accumulatively produced 1.86 billion tons of crude oil, accounting for 47% of all the inland crude oil production in the same period of time.8.Daqing has reliable government service, fair development platform and excellent investment environment.Following the international rules of market economy, it has made a series of incentive policies for attracting investment.

第三篇:口译论文

2014年9月23日 联合国环境规划署亲善大使、中国著名影星李冰冰今天应邀在联大峰会上发言。她在发言中表示,身为环境署的亲善大使,她对气候变化问题深为关注。她希望世界领导人能够就此采取迅速和雄心勃勃的行动。

我是联合国环境规划署亲善大使李冰冰。今天我很高兴来到这里,因为我深深地关心气候变化议题;像你们一样,我亦希望看到各国领导人立刻采取雄心勃勃的行动。

二氧化碳排放量在今时今日达到了史无前例的水平。人类活动和过度消费需求带来了许多对环境的破坏,这其中还包括我关心的另一个议题,即非法野生动物贸易。

不过,我仍乐观地认为,这气候峰会将促进采取行动并为我们追求的共同目标之低碳经济提供解决方案。我们中国有句俗话:“有志者事竟成”!

全世界的年轻人都迫切地看到领导人在气候变化问题上采取行动并且提出了他们的问题。“气候现状项目”的“为什么/为什么不”宣传活动邀请了年轻人提交视频发问他们所关心的问题。我们收到了来自80多个国家的2500个视频。今天,七位优胜者带着他们的微电影来到了气候峰会,与你一起分享他们的忧与思。

I am Li Bingbing, goodwill ambassador for the United Nations Environment Program.I am pleased to be here today because, like many of you, I deeply care about climate change.And I am keen to see leaders take immediate and ambitious action.Carbon emissions are at unprecedented levels.Human activity and consumer demand are causing so much devastation, including the illegal trade in wild life, another serious concern of mine.However, I remain optimistic that this climate summit will be about action and solutions as we pursue our common goals of low carbon economy.We have an expression in Chinese, “有志者事竟成”.This means “where there is a will, there is a way”.Young people around the world are so eager to see leaders take action on climate change and asking hard questions.The “Why / Why not” campaign“ of ”Climate Reality Project“ asked the young people to submit additional videos asking those questions for a chance to attend this summit.2,500 videos were submitted from more than 80 countries.The seven winners are here today.And the film you are about to see highlight some of their questions.以上英文为官方翻译,下面我来简单分析下此文

1、Deep(adj.)深的

例句: Deep down, she supported her husband's involvement in the organization.在心底里,她支持丈夫参加这个组织。Profound(adj.)意义深远的 例句: It's a quite profound story, with powerful religious overtones.这个故事寓意深远,具有强烈的宗教色彩

Deep, Profound这两个形容词都有表示“深的”之意。Deep为普通用词,指由上到下,或由表及里的深度,可指具体或抽象事物。Profound语气较强,较为庄重,多指抽象的事物,多用于比喻。而deep与deeply的用法区别

两者均可表示“深”、“深深地”,修饰具体的动作, 有时可互换,修饰静止状态、介词短语或表示深夜等,通常用deep(偶尔也用deeply),修饰带有感情色彩的动词(如 hate, dislike, love, admire, hurt, regret 等),通常要用 deeply,另外,修饰形容词、过去分词等,一般也要用 deeply。在本文中表达的是深切地关心,所以用deeply合适。

2、Aggressive(adj.).有进取心的,有闯劲的

例句:He is respected as a very aggressive and competitive executive.他是一位锐意进取、竞争意识很强的主管,颇受尊敬。

Ambitious(adj.)

例句:He was by his own account an ambitious workaholic.据他自己所言,他是个雄心勃勃的工作狂

Aggressive有两个意思,一是志向高远的、有上进心的,褒义。二是激进的,贬义。而Ambitious 只有有志向的、有上进心的意思,褒义。在本文中是“希望看到各国领导人立刻采取雄心勃勃的行动。”用Ambitious比较适合修饰演讲人的心境。

3、”where there is a will, there is a way“.”有志者事竟成" 例句:The facts eloquently demonstrate that where there is a will, there is a way.事实雄辩地证明了有志者事竟成.这是一个状语从句。是地点状语从句。由where引导的。从句部分是Where there is a will,状语从句理解成状语或副词。主句是there is a way。

will是意愿的意思。Where there is a will在有意愿的地方,way是路,there is a way就有路可走。翻译成:有志者事竟成。

4、Devastation(n.)毁坏;荒废;极度震惊或悲伤

例句: A huge bomb blast brought chaos and devastation to the Centre of Belfast yesterday.昨天一颗威力巨大的炸弹在贝尔法斯特市中心爆炸,引起一片混乱并造成严重破坏。

Destruction(n.)毁坏的原因;破坏手段

例句:One eye-witness said the rioters were engaged in an orgy of destruction.一目击者称暴徒肆无忌惮地到处进行破坏

Disaster(n.)灾难;彻底的失败

例句:An investigation is underway to find out how the disaster happened.调查已经展开,以查明灾难是如何发生的。

Damage(n.)损害;损毁;赔偿金

例句:These gases would seriously damage the patient's respiratory system.这些毒气会严重损害患者的呼吸系统。

这四个词都有破坏之意,但destruction 表示毁灭性的破坏、摧毁,如建筑的摧毁。

devastation 表示大面积的破坏,比如用在森林的大面积破坏等。disaster 表示灾难,这个破坏是不可估计的。相对这几个单词的程度是最大的。damage 表示损坏,程度相对这几个单词是最小的。在此文中“人类活动和过度消费需求带来了许多对环境的破坏”,此类的许多破坏对环境都是大面积的破坏,但不构成毁灭性的破坏,也不是灾难所造成的,所以用devastation最恰当。

5、Eager(adj.)渴望的;热切的

例句:He is always eager for new experiences and ever-willing to experiment.他总 是渴望拥有新的经历,而且永远愿意尝试。Anxious(adj.)渴望的;焦急的

例句:The Government is anxious to keep the whole case out of court.政府迫切希望整件事能够在庭外解决。Keen(adj.)渴望的;热心的

例句:He had retained a keen interest in the progress of the work.他对那项工作的进展一直很关心。

这些形容词均有“急切的,渴望的”之意。anxious:强调因忧虑、关注或害怕而产生的急切心情。eager:侧重于急于成功的迫切心情。keen:强调因兴趣强烈或欲望而急于做某事。在此文中:“世界的年轻人都迫切地看到领导人在气候变化问题上采取行动并且提出了他们的问题。”想要表达的是全世界的年轻人迫切的希望领导人能迅速解决问题的心情,所以选用eager。

以上是我对联合国环境署亲善大使李冰冰在气候峰会的发言的简单性总结。通过分析,不仅让我了解到口译领域的难度与深度,也让我感受到了在把中文译成英文或英文译成中文需要注意的地方是很多的。口译与写文章不同的,口译需要注意语言的选择、时机是否恰当、记录的内容具有对发言人的讲话有高强度的概括性、记录的格式需醒目、易解读。

第四篇:商务英语口译期末

英语口译

一、篇章翻译抽取一部分内容有变化有录音,2min, 30%

尊敬的各位中美企业家,尊敬的各位来宾,女士们、先生们: 非常高兴出席今天在克里夫兰举办的中美贸易投资合作研讨会。

中美建交27年来,在中美双方的共同努力下,两国经贸合作迅猛增长。按中方统计,2005年双边贸易达到2,116亿美元,是建交时的86倍。目前美国是中国第二大贸易伙伴,中国是美国第三大贸易伙伴。//中国加入世贸组织以来的5年,是美对华出口增长最快的5年。2001至2005年,两国贸易额年均增长27.4%,美对华出口年均增长21.5%,2005年美对华出口额比2001年增长118%,是美对全球出口增幅的4.9倍,远高于美对其他所有主要出口市场的增长率,// 中国由2001年美第九大出口市场跃升为2005年的第四大出口市场,成为带动美出口增长的主要因素。/ 今年前10个月,美对华出口额接近500亿美元,超过去年全年的出口额,增幅达24%。如能保持这一增长势头,2007年中国有可能跃升为美国第三大出口市场。// 在双边贸易快速增长的同时,双向投资得到快速发展。美国是中国最大的外资来源地之一。截至2006年10月底,美在华累计投资设立企业51,352家,实际对华投入资金超过529亿美元。// 目前,中国已成为美国企业海外利润的主要来源地之一,2005年美在华投资企业实现利润总额约97亿美元。与此同时,美企业通过投资不断扩大在中国市场的占有份额,2005年在中国国内市场的销售额达770亿美元。//近年来,中国政府采取积极措施,推进有实力的中国企业到海外投资,截至2005年底,中国企业海外累计投资额约670亿美元,2005当年达70亿美元。// 与此同时,中国对美投资快速增长,截至2006年10月底,中国企业在美直接投资近30亿美元。目前,美国已成为中国企业“走出去”拓展海外业务的重要目的地之一。// 海尔、华为、中远、中石油、联想等不少中国知名企业在美取得良好业绩的同时,为解决当地就业、促进美国经济与社会发展作出了积极贡献。// 当然,也要看到,作为一个发展中国家,中国企业进行海外投资还缺乏经验。希望中国的企业家们充分学习和借鉴包括美国在内的众多跨国公司海外投资的成功经验,加强对外合作,在开拓国际业务方面取得新的进展。// 最后,再次感谢俄州及克里夫兰市对代表团给予的热情欢迎和周到的安排。感谢中美企业家的积极参与。祝中美贸易投资合作研讨会圆满成功!谢谢大家!//(中华人民共和国商务部副部长马秀红在中美贸易投资合作研讨会上的讲话节选,2006年12月)

二、对话英汉互译,40%,2.5min A: 欢迎光临浙江进出口商品交易会。我是上海技术进出口公司的销售部经理。

请问您对什么产品感兴趣?

B: We are very interested in the auto parts.I’d like to have your lowest quotation, CIF Seattle.If your prices are favorable, I can place the order right away.A: 您一定会觉得我们的价格很优惠。其他地方同类产品的价格最近几年涨幅很大,而我们的价格没有大的变化。

B: I’m glad to hear that.As I have just said, I hope to conclude some substantial business with you.A: 我们也很高兴。约翰斯先生,我们还能为您做点什么?

B: I would like to purchase some machine tools.What do you offer in this line? A: 我们提供各种类型的机床产品。这是上海生产的机床产品目录。

B: I think these are very impressive.Here are our specifications.Could you make us an offer, FOB Seattle? A: 这是我们的离岸价价目单。价格以我们最后确认的为准。

B: What about the commission? We usually get 3% to 5% commission for imports from other countries.A: 原则上来说,我们不付佣金。但是如果订购量足够大的话可以考虑。

英语口译

B: Why, your prices are unreasonable.They’re almost 30% higher than last year’s.It would be impossible for us to make any sales if you don’t adjust your price.A: 约翰斯先生,您这样说,我很吃惊。您知道近几年劳动力和原材料成本增加了很多。

我们的报价是以成本和合理的利润为依据,不是漫天要价。

B: To my knowledge, many factories have been established to produce machine tools.We only ask that your prices be comparable with others.That’s reasonable, isn’t it? A: 但你们应该意识到我们工厂有多年生产机床产品的经验,所以我们的产品质量是优质的。

如果你们的购买量足够大,我们愿意降价2%。

B: I can’t deny the quality of your product.If that’s the case, there is hardly any need for further discussion.We might as well call the whole deal off.Can’t we find a price that is good for both sides? A: 我的意思是我们不可能把价格降到你方提出的标准。差距太大了。考虑到我们的产品质量,你会发现我们的价格是很有竞争力的。

B: I think it unwise for either of us to insist on his own price.Each will make a further concession so that business can be concluded.A: 那你的想法是?

B: Your unit price is $ 80 higher than we can accept.Mutual efforts would carry us a step forward.I suggest we meet each other half way.A: 你的意思是我们必须削价40美元吗?你们要得太多了,这样的话,我方就无利可图了。B: What do you suggest then? A: 我方最多能接受20美元降价。这是我们的底线了。

B: That will leave a gap of $20.Let us meet each other half way once more, then the gap will be closed and business will be done.A: 你确实很能说服人。好吧。

B: Sounds good.I’m glad that we’ve settled the price at last.

第五篇:商务口译期末试题

一、短语口译

1.signing ceremony

2.the gross domestic product 3.resident correspondent

4.marketing strategies 5.management tenets

6.不远万里来到…… 7.质量监控

8.商标

9.核心理念

10.值此……之际

二、句子口译

1.I would like to extend, on behalf of the Chinese government and people and in my own name, our cordial greetings and best wishes to your people.2.As you know, the world has entered the information era in which telecommunication is evolving as the universal framework for human interaction.3.We always put quality as the first consideration.4.请允许我邀请各位与我一起举杯,为我们双方的友谊和合作干杯。5.互动电视提供了崭新的视听空间,集娱乐、购物、营销和广告于一体。

三、段落口译

1.Ladies and Gentlemen, Thank you for your nice welcome and reception.It has been a long cherished hope of mine to visit China someday.I am fortunate to have this rare chance today.I feel especially honored to be given this opportunity to meet such nice and friendly people like you.For us, this event represents the start of a new era.I’m sure my stay here will be a fruitful and enjoyable one.2.华为科技公司成立于1988年,总部设在中国深圳。业务主要是电信设备的研发、制造和销售。现在华为已成为中国电信市场的佼佼者,与此同时,华为也在积极开拓国际市场。

一、短语互译

1.to recover from the jet lag

2.top news 3.preservative-free

4.service concept 5.quality guidelines

6.忌讳 7.商品特性

8.市场潜力 9.畅销货

10.现场报道

二、句子口译

1.Sichuan food is famous for its numerous varieties of delicacies and strong flavors, and is best known for being spicy-hot.2.The company engages mainly in domestic trade, exporting and importing.3.欢迎你们随时再来,我们的门对朋友永远是敞开的。4.可不可以请您谈谈与中国做贸易的经验? 5.我们应该求同存异,增进相互理解和信任。

三、段落口译

1.It is a special honor for me to have a chance to speak on behalf of all the members of our delegation.I would like to express our sincere thanks to president Gao for inviting us, and for all the hard work and thought you have given to the arrangements for our visit.We are also grateful for such a marvelous dinner tonight.2.天虹通过科学的管理和专业的运营实现了跨越式的发展,取得了显著的成就,年销售额从3.23亿稳步增长到28.2亿。现在天虹的足迹从深圳拓展到南昌、厦门、惠州,分店数量已达17家。

一、短语互译

1.to claim baggage

2.to take this opportunity 3.drive-in restaurant

4.soft drink 5.company image

6.晚宴 7.合资企业

8.起飞时间 9.畅销货

10.跨国公司

二、句子口译

1.I feel honored to come here on my first visit to your beautiful city.2.We strongly believe that a sound business partnership is the foundation for a successful joint venture.3.If you have any questions, please feel free to interrupt at any time.4.中餐先上冷盘,而西餐则先上汤。

5.本公司是一家管理一流、技术一流、服务一流、员工一流的集团公司。

三、段落口译

1.As China’s No.1 competitive city with the best environment for economic development, Shanghai is bound to be the first choice for multinationals entering the Chinese market.Business tycoons from the world over personally saw not only a thriving Shanghai, but also the handsome profits that foreign business made in the country.Therefore, many multinational plan to set up or expand their research and development bases in Shanghai.2.我非常高兴能参加这个签字仪式,对我来说,它象征着我们之间所需要的友好合作,而这种共同的努力将带给我们更大的投资和更多的合作。本人仅代表所有参与此次研讨会的外国人员,对你们热烈而亲切的欢迎表示最诚挚的谢意。

一、短语口译

1.market demand

2.welcome speech 3.net price

4.work efficiency 5.management tenets

6.签字仪式 7.提取行李

8.商业广告 9.折扣

10.跨国公司

二、句子口译

1.I would like to take this opportunity to extend our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation and the greatest hospitality.2.This morning, I’m going to describe sales forecasts for the European computer market over the next five years.3.Our company specializes in the production and marketing of telecommunication facilities.4.中国有句古话:有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎? 5.就质量而言,没有任何厂家能和我们相比。

三、段落口译

1.Ladies and Gentlemen, Thank you for your nice welcome and reception.It has been a long cherished hope of mine to visit China someday.I am fortunate to have this rare chance today.I feel especially honored to be given this opportunity to meet such nice and friendly people like you.For us, this event represents the start of a new era.I’m sure my stay here will be a fruitful and enjoyable one.2.天虹通过科学的管理和专业的运营实现了跨越式的发展,取得了显著的成就,年销售额从3.23亿稳步增长到28.2亿。现在天虹的足迹从深圳拓展到南昌、厦门、惠州,分店数量已达17家。

一、短语口译

1.signing ceremony

2.the gross domestic product 3.diagram

4.market-oriented service 5.brand recognition

6.营销策略 7.商品特性

8.垄断

9.商务洽谈

10.值此……之际

二、句子口译

1.I would like to extend, on behalf of the Chinese government and people and in my own name, our cordial greetings and best wishes to your people.2.I don’t think you should miss this opportunity to update your equipment.3.We keep in line with the overall objectives and targets of the organization as a whole.4.我国悠久的历史、广袤的国土孕育了中餐烹饪的独特艺术。5.首先,我将简略说明我们商品的特性。

三、段落口译

1.If you look at the screen, you can see the changes in our sales composition over the last ten years.The left side shows the four major sales areas: industrial machinery, robots, computers and, at the bottom home appliances.As you can see on the graph, the percentage of sales in two areas, namely, industrial machinery and home appliances, has decreased since 2003.2.尊敬的各位嘉宾,女士们、先生们:

非常感谢你们的热情欢迎和盛情接待。多年以来,我一直梦想能到中国访问,如今非常荣幸的获得了这次难得的机会,能有机会见到像你们这样亲切友善的人,倍感荣幸。而对我们双方而言,这代表着一个新纪元的开始。我深信这次中国之行将会是令人愉快和富有成果的。

一、短语口译

1.farewell speech

2.to gain popularity 3.free flow of visitors

4.vertical axis 5.enterprise objective

6.嘉宾 7.招牌菜

8.旅行路线 9.垄断

10.合资企业

二、句子口译

1.I greatly cherish the close relationship between our two cities.I also greatly value the position we enjoy as one of your most important trading partners.2.Australia is the world’s smallest continent and largest island, and a relatively young nation established in an ancient land.3.As a matter of interest, what are the responsibilities of a director of human resource? 4.华为科技公司成立于1988年,总部设在中国深圳。

5.谢谢史密斯先生热情洋溢的欢迎词,感谢欧中贸易协会盛情邀请和热情款待。

三、段落口译

1.As China’s No.1 competitive city with the best environment for economic development, Shanghai is bound to be the first choice for multinationals entering the Chinese market.Business tycoons from the world over personally saw not only a thriving Shanghai, but also the handsome profits that foreign business made in the country.Therefore, many multinational plan to set up or expand their research and development bases in Shanghai.2.天虹通过科学的管理和专业的运营实现了跨越式的发展,取得了显著的成就,年销售额从3.23亿稳步增长到28.2亿。现在天虹的足迹从深圳拓展到南昌、厦门、惠州,分店数量已达17家。

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