阅读短文还原句子解题技巧[五篇范文]

第一篇：阅读短文还原句子解题技巧

阅读短文还原句子是中考题型中最年轻的题型，即2010年北京英语考试中的新题型，一般有200-250个单词左右，为5选4的题型。设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据2010年-2012年各区县一模、二模及真题中此类题型的考查，可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。另外，从2013年各区一模题来看设空也符合上述出题规律。

根据对2013年考试说明及课标中“读”的七级要求第5条和第6条的分析，总结出此类试题主要考查：1.学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。2.学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。根据以上分析得出此类试题考查的文体主要为记叙文。我们都知道记叙文的六要素为：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。因此，根据记叙文常见的写作顺序，可知其解题思路主要为时间顺序、动作顺序和故事发展顺序。此外，关注段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系，主要为：并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系（包括单词重复、代词指代、排比句式等）。

针对阅读短文还原句子的考查点，我们总结出此类题型的解题步骤及得分技巧，具体如下：

1.解题步骤

（1）读选项，划关键词，暗排序。

（2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。

（3）先易后难来解题。

（4）回读文章定答案。

2.得分技巧

（1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。

（2）盯紧横线的前后词语。

通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：1.养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能，处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40-50个词为宜。2.注意常考点。针对五选四，平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。解题技巧

通读全文,了解文章大意.通读答案,找出和文章相对应的关键词.根据文章整体结构、具体内容,并结合关键词,将选项填入文中.将所选答案代入文中,再次通读全文,重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构.研究多余选项,确定排除理由,最终确定答案.1.如果问题设在段首

（1）通常是段落的主题句

认真阅读后文内容,根据段落一致性原则,查找相关的词,推断出主题句（2）与后文是并列,转折,因果关系等.着重阅读后文第一两句,锁定线索信号词,然后在选项中查找相关特征词,通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的,因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段.（3）段落间的过渡句.这时要瞻前顾后找启示,即阅读上一段结尾部分,通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来,并结合下一段内容,看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来.2.如果问题设在段尾（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句,重点阅读以锁定关键词.（2）通常是结论,概括性语句

注意在选项中查找表示结果结论,总结等的信号词.Therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语,选项中也可发现前文的同义词句.（3.）与前文是转折或对比关系

此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词,同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立,对比关系.（4.）与前文是并列或排比关系

在这种情况下,通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节,因此,根据段落一致性原则,在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词,通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构,或出现同义词等其他线索.（5.）所选答案是引出下一段的内容

如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联,此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接.认真阅读下一段开头几句,看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来

（6.）如果第一段的段尾是空白,要认真阅读,看此处是细节还是主题

通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题,如果在段尾提出主题,会用一些信号词如转折词引出来,正确答案应有这样的特征词.【2011北京】

七、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。（共8分，每小题2分）

Kenny and Bobbi McCaughey live in Iowa.They have a big family.Mikayla is the oldest child in the family.She is six years old.The other children are Brandon, Joel, Kelsey, Kenny.Natalie, Alexis and Nathan.They are all five years old.Why are they all the same age? __6l_They are septuplets!It is hard work to look after seven babies at the same time, 62_.In the beginning, many people helped them.They helped to feed, clean, and dress the babies.Every week, the septuplets used about 170 diapers(尿布)!_63.Now the children are older.The septuplets started school this year.But they go to school at home, like their big sister, Mikayla.When Mikayla was ready for school, Kenny and Bobbi decided to teach her at home.64.Now Bobbi is the teacher for all eight of her children.A.They drank a lot of milk, too B.Because they were born together C.Last year, Bobbi was Mikayla's teacher D.Kenny and Bobbi are interested in cooking E.But Kenny and Bobbi didn't look after them alone 61.正确答案B.我们发现有关键词“Born”与age、five years old相呼应。再看空格的前两句内容提到They are all five years old.Why are they all the same age? 结合常理我们能够得到他们应该是同时出生的。分析五个选项，排除不符合前后文意思内容的选项。再通过后文说They are septuplets!(七胞胎)第二个选项明显符合先后文的因果关系，故选B。62.正确答案E.先看单词，look after复现。看空的前后，前文说同时照顾七个宝宝是个艰辛的工作，后文说起初有很多人帮助他们。前后逻辑是相反的，所以中间应该有转折。再看选项，把各个选项实在带入只有E符合前后行文顺序其它的内容均与该空无关，故选E。63.正确答案A.首先注意关键词they 的指代，前文说到他们每天需要大量的尿布，而把所有选项带入后发现只有A选项与原文空格位置逻辑顺序相符。故选A。其他选项与前文所描述内容不能有效联系，所以不选。

64.正确答案C.关键词复现：Bobbi和关键词替换原文中的teach与选项中的teacher,从逻辑看，带入C，去年Bobbi 是 Mikayla的老师，与下文现在她是所有孩子的老师成顺承关系。同时注意空格后一句的内容。把选项C带入前后文所描述的内容一致。故选C。其它选项与本题前后内容描述不一致逻辑不一致，故不选。（2011桂林）C A hobby can be almost anything that a person likes to do in his spare time.Hobbyists raise pets, watch birds, paint pictures, play the piano and grow flowers.66 They collect everything from books to butterflies and from boxes to stamps.People take up hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment, friendship and relaxation.Hobbies help people relax after a long time of hard work, and provide a balance(平衡)between work and play.Hobbies offer interesting activities for the old.Some hobbies can make a child grow as a person, develop his interest and help him learn new skills.67 Doctors have found that hobbies are useful in helping patients(病人)recover(恢复)from illness.Hobbies give patients who can’t move around something to do, and provide interests that keep them from thinking about themselves.Many hospitals treat(治疗)patients by having them take up interesting hobbies.68 In early times, most people were too busy making a living to have many hobbies.But some persons who had spare time did enjoy hobbies.69 People today have more time than ever before for hobbies.Machines have now reduced much time that people must spend on their jobs.70 Those who have developed hobbies never need to worry about what to do with their newly-found free time hours.Sir William Osler, a famous Canadian doctor expressed the value(价值)of hobbies by saying, “No man is really happy or safe without a hobby.”

请根据以上内容，从下列五个选项中选择适当的句子还原到短文中，使短文完整与正确。将其标号在答题卡上涂黑。（每小题2分，共10分）A.More people retire at an earlier age than before.B.Hobbies can also help a patient to keep healthy.C.The ancient Egyptians played games with balls made of wood.D.They also go to concerts, climb mountains, go fishing, skate and swim.E.Anyone, old or young, sick or well, rich or poor, can follow a good hobby, in spite of his age, health or money.【主旨大意】本文介绍了爱好。人们能有各种各样的活动作为自己的爱好，爱好能帮助人们放松，帮助病人保持健康。在以前人们忙于工作而没有时间拥有爱好，现在人们有更多的时间去拥有更多的爱好。没有人没有爱好是幸福和安全的。66-70.DBECA 【2011•河南省】D You know you have to read “between the lines” to get the most out of anything.I want to tell you something important during your reading.You shouldn't mark a book which isn't yours.61 If you think it useful to mark books, you will have to buy them.There are two ways in which one can own a book.The first is to get the right by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture.But full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself.62 There are three kinds of book owners.The first has all the best sellers — unread and untouched.The second has a great many books.63 The third has a few dog-eared(翻折的)books, which are marked from front to back.Why is marking a book necessary? First, it keeps you awake.In the second place, reading is thinking.64 The marked book is usually the thought-through book.Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the writer expressed.If reading is to learn anything more than passing time, it must be active.The book you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost.But for a great book, rich in ideas, reading must be active.65 You should come up with an understanding of what you have read.根据材料内容，将A-E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文完整、正确，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。

A.You can't let your eyes move across the lines.B.But most of them are as clean as the day they were bought.C.And thinking can express itself in words, spoken or written.D.People who lend you books expect you to keep them clean.E.The best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.61.____ 62._____ 63.____ 64.______.65.______ 【主旨大意】本文讲述的是中我们读书过程中的一些重要事情。首先不要中书上做标记，除非那是你自己的。拥有书可以有两个方式一个是买，另一个就是写。书的主人有三种，一种是从来不读不摸的，第二种是有很多的书，但大部分都像是新买的，第三种是打折的书，从头到尾都做了标记的。为什么做标记很重要？因为它通常代表了这本书的观点，也帮助你记住你当时的思想或作者所表达的思想。

61—65 DEBCA(2011四川宜宾)请根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出恰当的选项补全短文，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。并将其序号A、B、C、D、E填写到相应番号之后的横线上。

My mother is a kind and nice woman.61 One Sunday night, when I was watching the film Harry Potter very happily Mother asked me to go to bed.62 that I didn’t move.But for a while, I noticed that she didn’t say anything.63 I was so sad and that I went into my room and cried.I thought “I have only two nights in a week to enjoy the TV.64 ” The next day she cooked and talked with me as usual.I pretended not to hear, but she didn’t mind and told me why she didn’t allow me to watch TV 65 Then I understood her.I love my mother.A.But she is very strict with me.B.because she wanted me to have a good rest.C.Then she got angry and turned off the TV.D.I loved the film so much E.Why doesn’t mother allow me to watch TV?

61._______ 62._______ 63._______ 64._______ 65._______ 【主旨大意】本文是一篇关于和蔼又严厉的妈妈的文章。周日晚上，我正在兴致勃勃地看电影，妈妈关了电视让我去睡觉，尽管很不开心但后来还是理解了母亲。

61.A 由上下文，上文妈妈很善良和蔼，下文妈妈强行关电视，表现妈妈的严厉。故选A。62.D根据句意，这部电影很好看以至于我没有动，so…that结果状语从句，故选D。63.C由上下文可知，妈妈什么也没说，……我很伤心。可知原因是妈妈关了电视。故选C。64.E根据句意，我想我一周只有两个晚上享受电视的时间，妈妈为什么不允许我看电视呢？这是作者的心理描写。根据推断，故选E。

65.B 根据句意：我没理妈妈，她不介意，还告诉我为什么不让我看电视，是想让我休息好。故选B。

【2011乌鲁木齐】D 阅读下面短文，从文后方框内所给的ABCDE中，选出恰当的一项还原到文中合适的位置，使文章意思完整且符合逻辑。

We sometimes call the lion “the king of the jungle” Because it is stronger and more dangerous than other animals.66 It is the highest animal in the land food c hain.In the sea, the shark is one of the animals at the top of the food chain.It can swim faster than most other sea 67 68 People are!We are not the biggest or fastest.but we are the cleverest.We could not run faster than cheetahs, so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest.We could not fight better than joins.so we invented puns.Now we ran hunt the best-People's inventions are clever, but they can be dangerous, too.For example, people invented lactones, and now they make the air and rivers dirty.69 Dirty rivers kill fish.hen bears cannot eat the fish and die.If we kill one part of the food chain.other parts also die.Remember that we are a part of the food chain.so we are in danger, too!70 We should and we could do something for the world!A.Protecting animals is protecting ourselves!B.And it can use its big teeth to eat them.C.This can make terrible changes.D.What is at the top of the world's food chain? E.It can run baler than many animals and it ran hunt the best.66.E 67.B 68.D 69.C 70.A 【2011沈阳】B)阅读短文，然后根据其内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有一项为多余选项）。

Shopping is popular with many people around the world.They seem to find new ways to buy things every day.They visit shopping centers, order things through the mail, or buy things on the Internet.50 For young people, one of the most popular ways to shop is to use a vending machine(自动售货机).These machines offer all kinds of things and you can find them everywhere.In the USA, there are vending machines which sell CDs.51 The strangest product on sale from a vending machine is in Japan.Just put your coins in the vending machine Tokyo, press the button, and out comes a “kabutomushi”，that is, a black beetle（甲壳虫).You keep it as a pet!Japan now has “Robosho”—a shop with no shop assistants, only robots.A robot reads your credit card(信用卡)and then gives you what you what.52 People are very surprised that the robots can serve them as well as shop assistants do.Some shops in the UK are like social clubs for teenagers.Many of them have a café inside.The Youth Station has a large nightclub for teenagers under 18, with a DJ playing music in a room that hangs the ceiling.Sports Town has a big screen, where you can see live sports from around the world.53 A.And some robots can even talk.B.Many American people usually go shopping.C.You won’t miss any exciting ball games even when you go shopping.D.People’s shopping habits are always changing.E.New CDs are put in the machine every week.【主旨大意】本文叙述了世界各地不同的购物方式。50.D 51 E 52.A 53.C(2011湖南岳阳中考)(C)匹配 阅读下篇材料，从所给的A-F六个选项中，选出五个正确的选项填空，使短文通顺、内容完整。

Anger is a kind of feeling 51.When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses an important game, when a friend borrows your favorite thing and then breaks it, you may get angry.52.For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit someone, but sometimes you hide your anger.For example, you may hide it in your heart.The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt.In fact, it’s not good to hide your anger, and it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes.53.When you get angry, you can talk about it with adults, such as parents, teachers, etc 54.Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: count from 1 to 100;give someone a hug go for a bike ride;think about good things, etc.Remember that when you are angry, how you act can make everything better or worse, 55.A.But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting others or yourself B.Don’t let your anger control you.C.As soon as you find your problems, you may cry to relax] D.Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry.E.After doing that, you’ll find those bad feelings can start to go away.F.Many things can make you angry.51.F 从下文所举例子可知。

52.D 联系下文都是身体各部位的反应表现，故可知答案选D。53.C 联系上下文可知可适当让自己的情绪发泄出来可知答案选C。54.E 联系上文可知那么做完心情会好一些，故答案选E。

55.B 通读全文可知无论如何做都是为了让事情变得更好，不要被其所控制，故答案选B。【2011贵州贵阳】B.句子还原，阅读短文，根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选择恰当的句子填入短文，使其文理通顺，并将其答题卡上该选项涂黑。

A couple of years ago, I went to Australia for a meeting with my friend, Chris.We decided to drive across country to Brisbane after the meeting ended.The drive was going to take four days and most of it was across the desert, 81 The first day was a lot of fun as we were excited and laughing at each other's stupid jokes.By the third day of driving in the seemingly endless desert, we began to get bored.We had been quiet for a few hours when in the distance Chris found some kangaroos.We were both excited and decided to get a closer look.82 We got closer and closer, and Chris was doing 110 kilometers per hour.We were very close to the kangaroos—too close—when we heard a loud BANG!Chris stopped the car and we got out.Behind the car was a larger kangaroo lying completely still on the ground.83 He took off his sunglasses and put them on the kangaroo and did the same with his jacket.Then, he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me to take a photo of them together.84 While I was focusing the camera, I saw the kangaroo move.It suddenly woke up, looked at Chris, and jumped away into the distance before we could do anything.I started laughing but Chris looked very serious.85 I started laughing even harder.I stopped laughing, however, when he said that our car keys were also in the jacket!A.Chris speeded up to catch up with the kangaroos.B.He said his wallet and passport were in the jacket.C.In order to get there in three days, we drove very fast.D.so we had to take food, water, and extra gas with us.E.Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his baseball cap on its head.F.I was still surprised, but I took out my camera.DCEFB 【2011福建莆田】D March 20th is World Water Day every year.According to a report from the United Nations, more than half of the world's major rivers have serious water loss and are polluted.The Yellow River, the world's fifth longest river, watered some of the oldest farms on earth.But now it has a serious problem.68 In most of the past 35 years, it didn't reach the sea.The Nile in Egypt, running 6, 650 km, is the longest river in the world.69 Now it is down to 2 billion m' or so.Australia's Murray River reaches the sea only every other year.One fifth of America's Rio Grande has no water, either.____70 Mostly it's damming(筑坝)and global warming that make rivers dry._____71 Now about 45, 000 of them lie across the world's rivers.They hold back around 15% of the world's fresh water from running to the sea.Global warming is making things worse.Warmer weather takes water away.The glacier(冰川)are becoming smaller.72 Global warming has had certain effects on water sources(源头).Droughts(干旱)happening around the world make people pay more attention to this fact.从方框中所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，补全短文，其中有一项为多余选项。（10分）

68.__________ 69.__________ 70.__________ 71.__________ 72.__________ 文章大意：每年的3月20日是世界水日。根据美国的一个报道，世界上有一半多的主要河流严重缺水或被污染。黄河，世界上第五大河，在过去的35年里，就没有流到大海里。同意，埃及的尼罗河，世界上最长的河流，由原来每年的32000000000平方米的流量降低到2000000000.等等。是说明原因造成这样的现象？主要是由于筑坝和全球变暖导致河流干涸。68—72 FCDAB 【2011福建福州】（任务型）

三、阅读短文，把A—D四个句子填入短文的空缺处，使短文内容完整、正确，然后完成第75个小题。

The word “cartoon” came form Italian.It first referred to the picture before an actual(真实的）drawing on the wall.__71__ Since the 1840s, it has also come to mean any drawing that is humorous, satirical（讽刺的）or showing an opinion.It usually appears in a newspaper and magazine, with or without a short test._72___ People of all ages, especially young children enjoy all kinds of cartoons in newspapers and magazines, or television and at the movies.Cartoons not only show their life, but help form it._73__They have supplied ideas to plays, movies and television series and so on.Names or words form cartoon series have also come into modern languages.Many cartoonists(漫画家）draw with special pens.__74__Surely, computers are especially effective for the making of animated cartoons.This helps us to enjoy more lively cartoons.______________________________________________________________________________ A.They have set the style for clothing, food, manner and many other things.B.In the mid-19th century, it came into English.C.Some use the computer.D.Today cartoons are a part of the daily lives of most people.75.Form the passage, we know that ______________.A.few young children like cartoons B.the word “cartoon” came form English.C.all cartoonists use pencils to draw cartoons nowadays.D.people like cartoons because they show and help form the life.71.B 72.D 73.A 74.C 75.D 【江西省2011】B)请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中，选出五个还原的原文中，是原文句子通顺，结构完整。并在答题纸上将序号涂黑。(每小题2分)81._It has around 3 billion fansnearly half the world’s population!And

about 300 million people play this game.That's 4 percent of the world' s population!82._Many people in old days played early forms of his modern game.Cu ju(蹴鞠）a ball-kicking game in China, was reported as early as 2500 B.C.Around the same time in Greece, people were also playing a similar ball game without using their hands.But modern soccer didn't become official(官方的)until 1863.An Englishman called Cobb Morley introduced the idea of a soccer association(联盟).83____.From then on, other associations in the countries were set up.They came together-to make up the FIFA, which organizes the World Cup.It's not easy to tell what makes soccer so popular.84.___ Soccer needs only two feet and a ball.This makes it a sport that developing countries can easily play.Some of the sport's best players come from these poor nations.85._The sport's no-harids rule makes beautiful dance-like movements on the field.What's more, this sport excites the heart.Teams might score only a few times each match, so matches can turn around suddenly.No one knows who will win at the next World Cup.But one thing is certain: The world will be watching.A.He also wrote the sport's official rules.B.Soccer is the world's favorite sport.C.Playin g soccer is good for your health.D.But one reason is how simple the sport is.E.People love soccer as well as their countries.F.It's hard to say where soccer's birthplace is.G.Soccer performances are pleasing to the eyes.81.B 有下文介绍了“足球有三十亿 足球迷，全世界有三亿人踢足球”可知本段围绕足球这一世界最喜欢的运动来写的。

82.F 由下文可知本段围绕足球的发源地来写的。

83.A 通读本段Cobb Morley引进足球联盟这一概念，并写了规则。

84.D 由上文“It's not easy to tell what makes soccer so popular”“没有人知道足球为什么这么普及”及下文“Soccer needs only two feet and a ball.”“足球只需两只脚和一个球”是其原因之一。

85.G 本段围绕足球比赛为什么吸引世人的眼球来写的。

(2011 湖南衡阳)(D)阅读下面短文，从所给A—F六个选项中选出五个正确的选项填空，使短文通顺，内容完整。（共5小题，计10分）

Thirty years ago, few Chinese knew about American TV series, though during the 1980s and 1990s, Chinese people got the chance to watch some U.S.A.TV series like Growing Pains.Now, 58_______,Chinese people have more chances to enjoy foreign TV series.Some American TV series such as 59_______ have become very popular among young Chinese English learners.In their opinion, watching American TV series is a good way to learn English and American culture.They have other reasons to support that point of view.Fist, it’s easy and convenient for learners to manage their learning time.They don’t have to worry about the pl ace and time to learn.60_________,they can start watching and learning.All they need to do is to turn on their computers and put on their earphones.The stories in the TV series also play an import ant role in attracting more learners.Different cultures between China and the Western countries and exciting story lines get young people interested in watching and learning 61________.Besides, watching American TV series can help learners improve their listening and speaking skills.English learners may find it hard to find a native speaker to talk with, 62________, they can listen to native speakers and follow their conversations as much as they can.A.Any time they are free B.American culture and Chinese culture C.Friends and Prison Break.D.They also feel relaxed at the same time E.with the fast development of DVDs and the Internet F.but in the TV series 【主旨大意】电视连续剧是东西方了解文化，学习语言的重要载体。

58、E根据下文：随着DVD和互联网的发展，中国有更多的机会来欣赏外国的电视剧。

59、C此处需填一个外国电视剧的剧名。60、A根据上文，我们不收时间和空间的限制。61、D 意思更进一层，在学习的同时也可以休闲。62、F表示转折。

【2011•四川成都】

三、阅读理解。（共10小题，每小题1分；计10分）

A.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文。（共5小题，每小题1分；计5分）

My uncle has a very beautiful umbrella.He's had it for years.As he is very careful with it, so it still looks as good as new.1 He shook his head.“Then how did you get it?” I asked.“Well,” he answered, “there' s a strange true story about the umbrella.About ten years ago, I was walking along a quiet London street one evening when it suddenly rained.I had no raincoat or umbrella.2 And the people in the streets we re fewer and fewer.As I was on my way to a party, I was afraid to get wet.So I stood in a doorway and waited for the rain to stop.3 What was worse, there even wasn't a person around, and still it rained and rained.At last a young man came to the place where I was standing.4 As I hoped he would allow me to walk to the next corner with him, where I could get a taxi, I stepped out of the dark doorway where I had been standing.5 As I suddenly appeared before him, the young man was so shocked that he dropped the umbrella.He ran away and disappeared into the darkness.I picked up the umbrella and continued my walk.I knew it would be hard in this big city to find the owner, so I've kept it ever since.” A.Gradually, it grew quite dark.B.He held a large umbrella over his head.C.I asked him where he was going with that umbrella.D.No buses ran through the street and there were no taxis.E.I asked my uncle if he bought it or some one sent him as a gift.【主旨大意】这是一篇记叙文。短文虽短，但读来跌宕起伏，情节出人意料。原来这把被主人珍藏的漂亮雨伞是因误会而得来的。也可以看出主人对未预料到的后果心存歉意。答案：1 ~5 EADBC B【2011广西玉林】

阅读下列短文，短文中有四处空白，短文后方框内有四个句子，请根据短文内容把他们分别放回到文中原来的位置，以恢复文章的原貌。How do people pass on messages? When you write a letter or make a telephone call, your words carry a message.People communicate with words.Do you think you can communicate without words? Tears(泪)in your eyes tell others that you are sad.56 When you put up your hand in class, the teacher knows you w ant to say something or ask questions.You shake your head, and people know you are saying no.__57 Other things can also give some information.For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus to take.A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library.__58__ There are a lot of signs around you and you receive messages from them all the time.People can communicate in many other ways.An artist can use his pictures to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and many other things.__59__ They also tell about people and their ideas.Books, magazines, TV, radio and movies all help us to communicate with other people.They all help us to know what is going on in the world.A.You nod(点头), and people know you are saying yes.B.Books are written to tell you about all great things in the world.C.A smile on your face shows you are happy and friendly.D.Signs on doors tell you how to go in or out._ 56.________ 57.________ 58.________ 59.________ 【主旨大意】介绍了人不同的交流方式。人们可以用语言交流，也可以用肢体语言，标志，艺术家用画交流，书，杂志，电视，无线电和电影都能帮助我们与他人交流。题号 答案 考查点 解题思路 56 C 理解推断题

根据上文“在你眼中的眼泪告诉他人你是伤心的”，可以推断下文应该为“在你脸上的微笑展示你是高兴的和友好的”。57 A 理解推断题 根据上文“你摇头人们知道你说不”，可推断下文为“你点头人们知道你说是的”。58 D 理解推断题 根据文章上下文可知在将标志，所以选D。

B 理解推断题 根据下文“他们能告诉人们和他们的想法”，可推测上文为“写书是来告诉你在世界上的伟大的事情的”，因此选B。

【2011北京】

七、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。（共8分，每小题2分）

Kenny and Bobbi McCaughey live in Iowa.They have a big family.Mikayla is the oldest child in the family.She is six years old.The other children are Brandon, Joel, Kelsey, Kenny.Natalie, Alexis and Nathan.They are all five years old.Why are they all the same age? __6l_They are septuplets!It is hard work to look after seven babies at the same time, 62_.In the beginning, many people helped them.They helped to feed, clean, and dress the babies.Every week, the septuplets used about 170 diapers(尿布)!_63.Now the children are older.The septuplets started school this year.But they go to school at home, like their big sister, Mikayla.When Mikayla was ready for school, Kenny and Bobbi decided to teach her at home.64.Now Bobbi is the teacher for all eight of her children.A.They drank a lot of milk, too B.Because they were born together C.Last year, Bobbi was Mikayla's teacher D.Kenny and Bobbi are interested in cooking E.But Kenny and Bobbi didn't look after them alone 61.正确答案B.我们发现有关键词“Born”与age、five years old相呼应。再看空格的前两句内容提到They are all five years old.Why are they all the same age? 结合常理我们能够得到他们应该是同时出生的。分析五个选项，排除不符合前后文意思内容的选项。再通过后文说They are septuplets!(七胞胎)第二个选项明显符合先后文的因果关系，故选B。62.正确答案E.先看单词，look after复现。看空的前后，前文说同时照顾七个宝宝是个艰辛的工作，后文说起初有很多人帮助他们。前后逻辑是相反的，所以中间应该有转折。再看选项，把各个选项实在带入只有E符合前后行文顺序其它的内容均与该空无关，故选E。63.正确答案A.首先注意关键词they 的指代，前文说到他们每天需要大量的尿布，而把所有选项带入后发现只有A选项与原文空格位置逻辑顺序相符。故选A。其他选项与前文所描述内容不能有效联系，所以不选。

64.正确答案C.关键词复现：Bobbi和关键词替换原文中的teach与选项中的teacher,从逻辑看，带入C，去年Bobbi 是 Mikayla的老师，与下文现在她是所有孩子的老师成顺承关系。同时注意空格后一句的内容。把选项C带入前后文所描述的内容一致。故选C。其它选项与本题前后内容描述不一致逻辑不一致，故不选。（2011桂林）C A hobby can be almost anything that a person likes to do in his spare time.Hobbyists raise pets, watch birds, paint pictures, play the piano and grow flowers.66 They collect everything from books to butterflies and from boxes to stamps.People take up hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment, friendship and relaxation.Hobbies help people relax after a long time of hard work, and provide a balance(平衡)between work and play.Hobbies offer interesting activities for the old.Some hobbies can make a child grow as a person, develop his interest and help him learn new skills.67 Doctors have found that hobbies are useful in helping patients(病人)recover(恢复)from illness.Hobbies give patients who can’t move around something to do, and provide interests that keep them from thinking about themselves.Many hospitals treat(治疗)patients by having them take up interesting hobbies.68 In early times, most people were too busy making a living to have many hobbies.But some persons who had spare time did enjoy hobbies.69 People today have more time than ever before for hobbies.Machines have now reduced much time that people must spend on their jobs.70 Those who have developed hobbies never need to worry about what to do with their newly-found free time hours.Sir William Osler, a famous Canadian doctor expressed the value(价值)of hobbies by saying, “No man is really happy or safe without a hobby.”

请根据以上内容，从下列五个选项中选择适当的句子还原到短文中，使短文完整与正确。将其标号在答题卡上涂黑。（每小题2分，共10分）A.More people retire at an earlier age than before.B.Hobbies can also help a patient to keep healthy.C.The ancient Egyptians played games with balls made of wood.D.They also go to concerts, climb mountains, go fishing, skate and swim.E.Anyone, old or young, sick or well, rich or poor, can follow a good hobby, in spite of his age, health or money.【主旨大意】本文介绍了爱好。人们能有各种各样的活动作为自己的爱好，爱好能帮助人们放松，帮助病人保持健康。在以前人们忙于工作而没有时间拥有爱好，现在人们有更多的时间去拥有更多的爱好。没有人没有爱好是幸福和安全的。66-70.DBECA 【2011•河南省】D You know you have to read “between the lines” to get the most out of anything.I want to tell you something important during your reading.You shouldn't mark a book which isn't yours.61 If you think it useful to mark books, you will have to buy them.There are two ways in which one can own a book.The first is to get the right by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture.But full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself.62 There are three kinds of book owners.The first has all the best sellers — unread and untouched.The second has a great many books.63 The third has a few dog-eared(翻折的)books, which are marked from front to back.Why is marking a book necessary? First, it keeps you awake.In the second place, reading is thinking.64 The marked book is usually the thought-through book.Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the writer expressed.If reading is to learn anything more than passing time, it must be active.The book you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost.But for a great book, rich in ideas, reading must be active.65 You should come up with an understanding of what you have read.根据材料内容，将A-E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文完整、正确，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。

A.You can't let your eyes move across the lines.B.But most of them are as clean as the day they were bought.C.And thinking can express itself in words, spoken or written.D.People who lend you books expect you to keep them clean.E.The best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.61.____ 62._____ 63.____ 64.______.65.______ 【主旨大意】本文讲述的是中我们读书过程中的一些重要事情。首先不要中书上做标记，除非那是你自己的。拥有书可以有两个方式一个是买，另一个就是写。书的主人有三种，一种是从来不读不摸的，第二种是有很多的书，但大部分都像是新买的，第三种是打折的书，从头到尾都做了标记的。为什么做标记很重要？因为它通常代表了这本书的观点，也帮助你记住你当时的思想或作者所表达的思想。

61—65 DEBCA(2011四川宜宾)请根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出恰当的选项补全短文，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。并将其序号A、B、C、D、E填写到相应番号之后的横线上。

My mother is a kind and nice woman.61 One Sunday night, when I was watching the film Harry Potter very happily Mother asked me to go to bed.62 that I didn’t move.But for a while, I noticed that she didn’t say anything.63 I was so sad and that I went into my room and cried.I thought “I have only two nights in a week to enjoy the TV.64 ” The next day she cooked and talked with me as usual.I pretended not to hear, but she didn’t mind and told me why she didn’t allow me to watch TV 65 Then I understood her.I love my mother.A.But she is very strict with me.B.because she wanted me to have a good rest.C.Then she got angry and turned off the TV.D.I loved the film so much E.Why doesn’t mother allow me to watch TV?

61._______ 62._______ 63._______ 64._______ 65._______ 【主旨大意】本文是一篇关于和蔼又严厉的妈妈的文章。周日晚上，我正在兴致勃勃地看电影，妈妈关了电视让我去睡觉，尽管很不开心但后来还是理解了母亲。

61.A 由上下文，上文妈妈很善良和蔼，下文妈妈强行关电视，表现妈妈的严厉。故选A。62.D根据句意，这部电影很好看以至于我没有动，so…that结果状语从句，故选D。63.C由上下文可知，妈妈什么也没说，……我很伤心。可知原因是妈妈关了电视。故选C。64.E根据句意，我想我一周只有两个晚上享受电视的时间，妈妈为什么不允许我看电视呢？这是作者的心理描写。根据推断，故选E。

65.B 根据句意：我没理妈妈，她不介意，还告诉我为什么不让我看电视，是想让我休息好。故选B。

【2011乌鲁木齐】D 阅读下面短文，从文后方框内所给的ABCDE中，选出恰当的一项还原到文中合适的位置，使文章意思完整且符合逻辑。

We sometimes call the lion “the king of the jungle” Because it is stronger and more dangerous than other animals.66 It is the highest animal in the land food c hain.In the sea, the shark is one of the animals at the top of the food chain.It can swim faster than most other sea 67 68 People are!We are not the biggest or fastest.but we are the cleverest.We could not run faster than cheetahs, so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest.We could not fight better than joins.so we invented puns.Now we ran hunt the best-People's inventions are clever, but they can be dangerous, too.For example, people invented lactones, and now they make the air and rivers dirty.69 Dirty rivers kill fish.hen bears cannot eat the fish and die.If we kill one part of the food chain.other parts also die.Remember that we are a part of the food chain.so we are in danger, too!70 We should and we could do something for the world!A.Protecting animals is protecting ourselves!B.And it can use its big teeth to eat them.C.This can make terrible changes.D.What is at the top of the world's food chain? E.It can run baler than many animals and it ran hunt the best.66.E 67.B 68.D 69.C 70.A 【2011沈阳】B)阅读短文，然后根据其内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有一项为多余选项）。

Shopping is popular with many people around the world.They seem to find new ways to buy things every day.They visit shopping centers, order things through the mail, or buy things on the Internet.50 For young people, one of the most popular ways to shop is to use a vending machine(自动售货机).These machines offer all kinds of things and you can find them everywhere.In the USA, there are vending machines which sell CDs.51 The strangest product on sale from a vending machine is in Japan.Just put your coins in the vending machine Tokyo, press the button, and out comes a “kabutomushi”，that is, a black beetle（甲壳虫).You keep it as a pet!Japan now has “Robosho”—a shop with no shop assistants, only robots.A robot reads your credit card(信用卡)and then gives you what you what.52 People are very surprised that the robots can serve them as well as shop assistants do.Some shops in the UK are like social clubs for teenagers.Many of them have a café inside.The Youth Station has a large nightclub for teenagers under 18, with a DJ playing music in a room that hangs the ceiling.Sports Town has a big screen, where you can see live sports from around the world.53 A.And some robots can even talk.B.Many American people usually go shopping.C.You won’t miss any exciting ball games even when you go shopping.D.People’s shopping habits are always changing.E.New CDs are put in the machine every week.【主旨大意】本文叙述了世界各地不同的购物方式。50.D 51 E 52.A 53.C(2011湖南岳阳中考)(C)匹配 阅读下篇材料，从所给的A-F六个选项中，选出五个正确的选项填空，使短文通顺、内容完整。

Anger is a kind of feeling 51.When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses an important game, when a friend borrows your favorite thing and then breaks it, you may get angry.52.For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit someone, but sometimes you hide your anger.For example, you may hide it in your heart.The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt.In fact, it’s not good to hide your anger, and it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes.53.When you get angry, you can talk about it with adults, such as parents, teachers, etc 54.Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: count from 1 to 100;give someone a hug go for a bike ride;think about good things, etc.Remember that when you are angry, how you act can make everything better or worse, 55.A.But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting others or yourself B.Don’t let your anger control you.C.As soon as you find your problems, you may cry to relax] D.Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry.E.After doing that, you’ll find those bad feelings can start to go away.F.Many things can make you angry.51.F 从下文所举例子可知。

52.D 联系下文都是身体各部位的反应表现，故可知答案选D。53.C 联系上下文可知可适当让自己的情绪发泄出来可知答案选C。54.E 联系上文可知那么做完心情会好一些，故答案选E。

55.B 通读全文可知无论如何做都是为了让事情变得更好，不要被其所控制，故答案选B。【2011贵州贵阳】B.句子还原，阅读短文，根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选择恰当的句子填入短文，使其文理通顺，并将其答题卡上该选项涂黑。

A couple of years ago, I went to Australia for a meeting with my friend, Chris.We decided to drive across country to Brisbane after the meeting ended.The drive was going to take four days and most of it was across the desert, 81 The first day was a lot of fun as we were excited and laughing at each other's stupid jokes.By the third day of driving in the seemingly endless desert, we began to get bored.We had been quiet for a few hours when in the distance Chris found some kangaroos.We were both excited and decided to get a closer look.82 We got closer and closer, and Chris was doing 110 kilometers per hour.We were very close to the kangaroos—too close—when we heard a loud BANG!Chris stopped the car and we got out.Behind the car was a larger kangaroo lying completely still on the ground.83 He took off his sunglasses and put them on the kangaroo and did the same with his jacket.Then, he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me to take a photo of them together.84 While I was focusing the camera, I saw the kangaroo move.It suddenly woke up, looked at Chris, and jumped away into the distance before we could do anything.I started laughing but Chris looked very serious.85 I started laughing even harder.I stopped laughing, however, when he said that our car keys were also in the jacket!A.Chris speeded up to catch up with the kangaroos.B.He said his wallet and passport were in the jacket.C.In order to get there in three days, we drove very fast.D.so we had to take food, water, and extra gas with us.E.Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his baseball cap on its head.F.I was still surprised, but I took out my camera.DCEFB 【2011福建莆田】D March 20th is World Water Day every year.According to a report from the United Nations, more than half of the world's major rivers have serious water loss and are polluted.The Yellow River, the world's fifth longest river, watered some of the oldest farms on earth.But now it has a serious problem.68 In most of the past 35 years, it didn't reach the sea.The Nile in Egypt, running 6, 650 km, is the longest river in the world.69 Now it is down to 2 billion m' or so.Australia's Murray River reaches the sea only every other year.One fifth of America's Rio Grande has no water, either.____70 Mostly it's damming(筑坝)and global warming that make rivers dry._____71 Now about 45, 000 of them lie across the world's rivers.They hold back around 15% of the world's fresh water from running to the sea.Global warming is making things worse.Warmer weather takes water away.The glacier(冰川)are becoming smaller.72 Global warming has had certain effects on water sources(源头).Droughts(干旱)happening around the world make people pay more attention to this fact.从方框中所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，补全短文，其中有一项为多余选项。（10分）

68.__________ 69.__________ 70.__________ 71.__________ 72.__________ 文章大意：每年的3月20日是世界水日。根据美国的一个报道，世界上有一半多的主要河流严重缺水或被污染。黄河，世界上第五大河，在过去的35年里，就没有流到大海里。同意，埃及的尼罗河，世界上最长的河流，由原来每年的32000000000平方米的流量降低到2000000000.等等。是说明原因造成这样的现象？主要是由于筑坝和全球变暖导致河流干涸。

68—72 FCDAB 【2011福建福州】（任务型）

三、阅读短文，把A—D四个句子填入短文的空缺处，使短文内容完整、正确，然后完成第75个小题。

The word “cartoon” came form Italian.It first referred to the picture before an actual(真实的）drawing on the wall.__71__ Since the 1840s, it has also come to mean any drawing that is humorous, satirical（讽刺的）or showing an opinion.It usually appears in a newspaper and magazine, with or without a short test._72___ People of all ages, especially young children enjoy all kinds of cartoons in newspapers and magazines, or television and at the movies.Cartoons not only show their life, but help form it._73__They have supplied ideas to plays, movies and television series and so on.Names or words form cartoon series have also come into modern languages.Many cartoonists(漫画家）draw with special pens.__74__Surely, computers are especially effective for the making of animated cartoons.This helps us to enjoy more lively cartoons.______________________________________________________________________________ A.They have set the style for clothing, food, manner and many other things.B.In the mid-19th century, it came into English.C.Some use the computer.D.Today cartoons are a part of the daily lives of most people.75.Form the passage, we know that ______________.A.few young children like cartoons B.the word “cartoon” came form English.C.all cartoonists use pencils to draw cartoons nowadays.D.people like cartoons because they show and help form the life.71.B 72.D 73.A 74.C 75.D 【江西省2011】B)请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中，选出五个还原的原文中，是原文句子通顺，结构完整。并在答题纸上将序号涂黑。(每小题2分)81._It has around 3 billion fansnearly half the world’s population!And

about 300 million people play this game.That's 4 percent of the world' s population!82._Many people in old days played early forms of his modern game.Cu ju(蹴鞠）a ball-kicking game in China, was reported as early as 2500 B.C.Around the same time in Greece, people were also playing a similar ball game without using their hands.But modern soccer didn't become official(官方的)until 1863.An Englishman called Cobb Morley introduced the idea of a soccer association(联盟).83____.From then on, other associations in the countries were set up.They came together-to make up the FIFA, which organizes the World Cup.It's not easy to tell what makes soccer so popular.84.___ Soccer needs only two feet and a ball.This makes it a sport that developing countries can easily play.Some of the sport's best players come from these poor nations.85._The sport's no-harids rule makes beautiful dance-like movements on the field.What's more, this sport excites the heart.Teams might score only a few times each match, so matches can turn around suddenly.No one knows who will win at the next World Cup.But one thing is certain: The world will be watching.A.He also wrote the sport's official rules.B.Soccer is the world's favorite sport.C.Playin g soccer is good for your health.D.But one reason is how simple the sport is.E.People love soccer as well as their countries.F.It's hard to say where soccer's birthplace is.G.Soccer performances are pleasing to the eyes.81.B 有下文介绍了“足球有三十亿 足球迷，全世界有三亿人踢足球”可知本段围绕足球这一世界最喜欢的运动来写的。

82.F 由下文可知本段围绕足球的发源地来写的。

83.A 通读本段Cobb Morley引进足球联盟这一概念，并写了规则。

84.D 由上文“It's not easy to tell what makes soccer so popular”“没有人知道足球为什么这么普及”及下文“Soccer needs only two feet and a ball.”“足球只需两只脚和一个球”是其原因之一。

85.G 本段围绕足球比赛为什么吸引世人的眼球来写的。

(2011 湖南衡阳)(D)阅读下面短文，从所给A—F六个选项中选出五个正确的选项填空，使短文通顺，内容完整。（共5小题，计10分）

Thirty years ago, few Chinese knew about American TV series, though during the 1980s and 1990s, Chinese people got the chance to watch some U.S.A.TV series like Growing Pains.Now, 58_______,Chinese people have more chances to enjoy foreign TV series.Some American TV series such as 59_______ have become very popular among young Chinese English learners.In their opinion, watching American TV series is a good way to learn English and American culture.They have other reasons to support that point of view.Fist, it’s easy and convenient for learners to manage their learning time.They don’t have to worry about the pl ace and time to learn.60_________,they can start watching and learning.All they need to do is to turn on their computers and put on their earphones.The stories in the TV series also play an import ant role in attracting more learners.Different cultures between China and the Western countries and exciting story lines get young people interested in watching and learning 61________.Besides, watching American TV series can help learners improve their listening and speaking skills.English learners may find it hard to find a native speaker to talk with, 62________, they can listen to native speakers and follow their conversations as much as they can.A.Any time they are free B.American culture and Chinese culture C.Friends and Prison Break.D.They also feel relaxed at the same time E.with the fast development of DVDs and the Internet F.but in the TV series 【主旨大意】电视连续剧是东西方了解文化，学习语言的重要载体。

58、E根据下文：随着DVD和互联网的发展，中国有更多的机会来欣赏外国的电视剧。

59、C此处需填一个外国电视剧的剧名。60、A根据上文，我们不收时间和空间的限制。61、D 意思更进一层，在学习的同时也可以休闲。62、F表示转折。

【2011•四川成都】

三、阅读理解。（共10小题，每小题1分；计10分）

A.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文。（共5小题，每小题1分；计5分）

My uncle has a very beautiful umbrella.He's had it for years.As he is very careful with it, so it still looks as good as new.1 He shook his head.“Then how did you get it?” I asked.“Well,” he answered, “there' s a strange true story about the umbrella.About ten years ago, I was walking along a quiet London street one evening when it suddenly rained.I had no raincoat or umbrella.2 And the people in the streets we re fewer and fewer.As I was on my way to a party, I was afraid to get wet.So I stood in a doorway and waited for the rain to stop.3 What was worse, there even wasn't a person around, and still it rained and rained.At last a young man came to the place where I was standing.4 As I hoped he would allow me to walk to the next corner with him, where I could get a taxi, I stepped out of the dark doorway where I had been standing.5 As I suddenly appeared before him, the young man was so shocked that he dropped the umbrella.He ran away and disappeared into the darkness.I picked up the umbrella and continued my walk.I knew it would be hard in this big city to find the owner, so I've kept it ever since.” A.Gradually, it grew quite dark.B.He held a large umbrella over his head.C.I asked him where he was going with that umbrella.D.No buses ran through the street and there were no taxis.E.I asked my uncle if he bought it or some one sent him as a gift.【主旨大意】这是一篇记叙文。短文虽短，但读来跌宕起伏，情节出人意料。原来这把被主人珍藏的漂亮雨伞是因误会而得来的。也可以看出主人对未预料到的后果心存歉意。答案：1 ~5 EADBC B【2011广西玉林】

阅读下列短文，短文中有四处空白，短文后方框内有四个句子，请根据短文内容把他们分别放回到文中原来的位置，以恢复文章的原貌。How do people pass on messages? When you write a letter or make a telephone call, your words carry a message.People communicate with words.Do you think you can communicate without words? Tears(泪)in your eyes tell others that you are sad.56 When you put up your hand in class, the teacher knows you w ant to say something or ask questions.You shake your head, and people know you are saying no.__57 Other things can also give some information.For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus to take.A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library.__58__ There are a lot of signs around you and you receive messages from them all the time.People can communicate in many other ways.An artist can use his pictures to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and many other things.__59__ They also tell about people and their ideas.Books, magazines, TV, radio and movies all help us to communicate with other people.They all help us to know what is going on in the world.A.You nod(点头), and people know you are saying yes.B.Books are written to tell you about all great things in the world.C.A smile on your face shows you are happy and friendly.D.Signs on doors tell you how to go in or out._ 56.________ 57.________ 58.________ 59.________ 【主旨大意】介绍了人不同的交流方式。人们可以用语言交流，也可以用肢体语言，标志，艺术家用画交流，书，杂志，电视，无线电和电影都能帮助我们与他人交流。题号 答案 考查点 解题思路 56 C 理解推断题

根据上文“在你眼中的眼泪告诉他人你是伤心的”，可以推断下文应该为“在你脸上的微笑展示你是高兴的和友好的”。57 A 理解推断题 根据上文“你摇头人们知道你说不”，可推断下文为“你点头人们知道你说是的”。58 D 理解推断题 根据文章上下文可知在将标志，所以选D。

B 理解推断题 根据下文“他们能告诉人们和他们的想法”，可推测上文为“写书是来告诉你在世界上的伟大的事情的”，因此选B。

【2011北京】

七、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。（共8分，每小题2分）

Kenny and Bobbi McCaughey live in Iowa.They have a big family.Mikayla is the oldest child in the family.She is six years old.The other children are Brandon, Joel, Kelsey, Kenny.Natalie, Alexis and Nathan.They are all five years old.Why are they all the same age? __6l_They are septuplets!It is hard work to look after seven babies at the same time, 62_.In the beginning, many people helped them.They helped to feed, clean, and dress the babies.Every week, the septuplets used about 170 diapers(尿布)!_63.Now the children are older.The septuplets started school this year.But they go to school at home, like their big sister, Mikayla.When Mikayla was ready for school, Kenny and Bobbi decided to teach her at home.64.Now Bobbi is the teacher for all eight of her children.A.They drank a lot of milk, too B.Because they were born together C.Last year, Bobbi was Mikayla's teacher D.Kenny and Bobbi are interested in cooking E.But Kenny and Bobbi didn't look after them alone 61.正确答案B.我们发现有关键词“Born”与age、five years old相呼应。再看空格的前两句内容提到They are all five years old.Why are they all the same age? 结合常理我们能够得到他们应该是同时出生的。分析五个选项，排除不符合前后文意思内容的选项。再通过后文说They are septuplets!(七胞胎)第二个选项明显符合先后文的因果关系，故选B。62.正确答案E.先看单词，look after复现。看空的前后，前文说同时照顾七个宝宝是个艰辛的工作，后文说起初有很多人帮助他们。前后逻辑是相反的，所以中间应该有转折。再看选项，把各个选项实在带入只有E符合前后行文顺序其它的内容均与该空无关，故选E。63.正确答案A.首先注意关键词they 的指代，前文说到他们每天需要大量的尿布，而把所有选项带入后发现只有A选项与原文空格位置逻辑顺序相符。故选A。其他选项与前文所描述内容不能有效联系，所以不选。

64.正确答案C.关键词复现：Bobbi和关键词替换原文中的teach与选项中的teacher,从逻辑看，带入C，去年Bobbi 是 Mikayla的老师，与下文现在她是所有孩子的老师成顺承关系。同时注意空格后一句的内容。把选项C带入前后文所描述的内容一致。故选C。其它选项与本题前后内容描述不一致逻辑不一致，故不选。（2011桂林）C A hobby can be almost anything that a person likes to do in his spare time.Hobbyists raise pets, watch birds, paint pictures, play the piano and grow flowers.66 They collect everything from books to butterflies and from boxes to stamps.People take up hobbies because these activities offer enjoyment, friendship and relaxation.Hobbies help people relax after a long time of hard work, and provide a balance(平衡)between work and play.Hobbies offer interesting activities for the old.Some hobbies can make a child grow as a person, develop his interest and help him learn new skills.67 Doctors have found that hobbies are useful in helping patients(病人)recover(恢复)from illness.Hobbies give patients who can’t move around something to do, and provide interests that keep them from thinking about themselves.Many hospitals treat(治疗)patients by having them take up interesting hobbies.68 In early times, most people were too busy making a living to have many hobbies.But some persons who had spare time did enjoy hobbies.69 People today have more time than ever before for hobbies.Machines have now reduced much time that people must spend on their jobs.70 Those who have developed hobbies never need to worry about what to do with their newly-found free time hours.Sir William Osler, a famous Canadian doctor expressed the value(价值)of hobbies by saying, “No man is really happy or safe without a hobby.”

请根据以上内容，从下列五个选项中选择适当的句子还原到短文中，使短文完整与正确。将其标号在答题卡上涂黑。（每小题2分，共10分）A.More people retire at an earlier age than before.B.Hobbies can also help a patient to keep healthy.C.The ancient Egyptians played games with balls made of wood.D.They also go to concerts, climb mountains, go fishing, skate and swim.E.Anyone, old or young, sick or well, rich or poor, can follow a good hobby, in spite of his age, health or money.【主旨大意】本文介绍了爱好。人们能有各种各样的活动作为自己的爱好，爱好能帮助人们放松，帮助病人保持健康。在以前人们忙于工作而没有时间拥有爱好，现在人们有更多的时间去拥有更多的爱好。没有人没有爱好是幸福和安全的。66-70.DBECA 【2011•河南省】D You know you have to read “between the lines” to get the most out of anything.I want to tell you something important during your reading.You shouldn't mark a book which isn't yours.61 If you think it useful to mark books, you will have to buy them.There are two ways in which one can own a book.The first is to get the right by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture.But full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself.62 There are three kinds of book owners.The first has all the best sellers — unread and untouched.The second has a great many books.63 The third has a few dog-eared(翻折的)books, which are marked from front to back.Why is marking a book necessary? First, it keeps you awake.In the second place, reading is thinking.64 The marked book is usually the thought-through book.Finally, writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the writer expressed.If reading is to learn anything more than passing time, it must be active.The book you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost.But for a great book, rich in ideas, reading must be active.65 You should come up with an understanding of what you have read.根据材料内容，将A-E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文完整、正确，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。

A.You can't let your eyes move across the lines.B.But most of them are as clean as the day they were bought.C.And thinking can express itself in words, spoken or written.D.People who lend you books expect you to keep them clean.E.The best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.61.____ 62._____ 63.____ 64.______.65.______ 【主旨大意】本文讲述的是中我们读书过程中的一些重要事情。首先不要中书上做标记，除非那是你自己的。拥有书可以有两个方式一个是买，另一个就是写。书的主人有三种，一种是从来不读不摸的，第二种是有很多的书，但大部分都像是新买的，第三种是打折的书，从头到尾都做了标记的。为什么做标记很重要？因为它通常代表了这本书的观点，也帮助你记住你当时的思想或作者所表达的思想。

61—65 DEBCA(2011四川宜宾)请根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出恰当的选项补全短文，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。并将其序号A、B、C、D、E填写到相应番号之后的横线上。

My mother is a kind and nice woman.61 One Sunday night, when I was watching the film Harry Potter very happily Mother asked me to go to bed.62 that I didn’t move.But for a while, I noticed that she didn’t say anything.63 I was so sad and that I went into my room and cried.I thought “I have only two nights in a week to enjoy the TV.64 ” The next day she cooked and talked with me as usual.I pretended not to hear, but she didn’t mind and told me why she didn’t allow me to watch TV 65 Then I understood her.I love my mother.A.But she is very strict with me.B.because she wanted me to have a good rest.C.Then she got angry and turned off the TV.D.I loved the film so much E.Why doesn’t mother allow me to watch TV?

61._______ 62._______ 63._______ 64._______ 65._______ 【主旨大意】本文是一篇关于和蔼又严厉的妈妈的文章。周日晚上，我正在兴致勃勃地看电影，妈妈关了电视让我去睡觉，尽管很不开心但后来还是理解了母亲。

61.A 由上下文，上文妈妈很善良和蔼，下文妈妈强行关电视，表现妈妈的严厉。故选A。62.D根据句意，这部电影很好看以至于我没有动，so…that结果状语从句，故选D。63.C由上下文可知，妈妈什么也没说，……我很伤心。可知原因是妈妈关了电视。故选C。64.E根据句意，我想我一周只有两个晚上享受电视的时间，妈妈为什么不允许我看电视呢？这是作者的心理描写。根据推断，故选E。

65.B 根据句意：我没理妈妈，她不介意，还告诉我为什么不让我看电视，是想让我休息好。故选B。

【2011乌鲁木齐】D 阅读下面短文，从文后方框内所给的ABCDE中，选出恰当的一项还原到文中合适的位置，使文章意思完整且符合逻辑。

We sometimes call the lion “the king of the jungle” Because it is stronger and more dangerous than other animals.66 It is the highest animal in the land food c hain.In the sea, the shark is one of the animals at the top of the food chain.It can swim faster than most other sea 67 68 People are!We are not the biggest or fastest.but we are the cleverest.We could not run faster than cheetahs, so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest.We could not fight better than joins.so we invented puns.Now we ran hunt the best-People's inventions are clever, but they can be dangerous, too.For example, people invented lactones, and now they make the air and rivers dirty.69 Dirty rivers kill fish.hen bears cannot eat the fish and die.If we kill one part of the food chain.other parts also die.Remember that we are a part of the food chain.so we are in danger, too!70 We should and we could do something for the world!A.Protecting animals is protecting ourselves!B.And it can use its big teeth to eat them.C.This can make terrible changes.D.What is at the top of the world's food chain? E.It can run baler than many animals and it ran hunt the best.66.E 67.B 68.D 69.C 70.A 【2011沈阳】B)阅读短文，然后根据其内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项（有一项为多余选项）。

Shopping is popular with many people around the world.They seem to find new ways to buy things every day.They visit shopping centers, order things through the mail, or buy things on the Internet.50 For young people, one of the most popular ways to shop is to use a vending machine(自动售货机).These machines offer all kinds of things and you can find them everywhere.In the USA, there are vending machines which sell CDs.51 The strangest product on sale from a vending machine is in Japan.Just put your coins in the vending machine Tokyo, press the button, and out comes a “kabutomushi”，that is, a black beetle（甲壳虫).You keep it as a pet!Japan now has “Robosho”—a shop with no shop assistants, only robots.A robot reads your credit card(信用卡)and then gives you what you what.52 People are very surprised that the robots can serve them as well as shop assistants do.Some shops in the UK are like social clubs for teenagers.Many of them have a café inside.The Youth Station has a large nightclub for teenagers under 18, with a DJ playing music in a room that hangs the ceiling.Sports Town has a big screen, where you can see live sports from around the world.53 A.And some robots can even talk.B.Many American people usually go shopping.C.You won’t miss any exciting ball games even when you go shopping.D.People’s shopping habits are always changing.E.New CDs are put in the machine every week.【主旨大意】本文叙述了世界各地不同的购物方式。50.D 51 E 52.A 53.C(2011湖南岳阳中考)(C)匹配 阅读下篇材料，从所给的A-F六个选项中，选出五个正确的选项填空，使短文通顺、内容完整。

Anger is a kind of feeling 51.When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses an important game, when a friend borrows your favorite thing and then breaks it, you may get angry.52.For example, you breathe faster, your face turns red, and you may want to break something or hit someone, but sometimes you hide your anger.For example, you may hide it in your heart.The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt.In fact, it’s not good to hide your anger, and it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes.53.When you get angry, you can talk about it with adults, such as parents, teachers, etc 54.Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: count from 1 to 100;give someone a hug go for a bike ride;think about good things, etc.Remember that when you are angry, how you act can make everything better or worse, 55.A.But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting others or yourself B.Don’t let your anger control you.C.As soon as you find your problems, you may cry to relax] D.Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry.E.After doing that, you’ll find those bad feelings can start to go away.F.Many things can make you angry.51.F 从下文所举例子可知。

52.D 联系下文都是身体各部位的反应表现，故可知答案选D。53.C 联系上下文可知可适当让自己的情绪发泄出来可知答案选C。54.E 联系上文可知那么做完心情会好一些，故答案选E。

55.B 通读全文可知无论如何做都是为了让事情变得更好，不要被其所控制，故答案选B。【2011贵州贵阳】B.句子还原，阅读短文，根据短文内容，从所给的选项中选择恰当的句子填入短文，使其文理通顺，并将其答题卡上该选项涂黑。

A couple of years ago, I went to Australia for a meeting with my friend, Chris.We decided to drive across country to Brisbane after the meeting ended.The drive was going to take four days and most of it was across the desert, 81 The first day was a lot of fun as we were excited and laughing at each other's stupid jokes.By the third day of driving in the seemingly endless desert, we began to get bored.We had been quiet for a few hours when in the distance Chris found some kangaroos.We were both excited and decided to get a closer look.82 We got closer and closer, and Chris was doing 110 kilometers per hour.We were very close to the kangaroos—too close—when we heard a loud BANG!Chris stopped the car and we got out.Behind the car was a larger kangaroo lying completely still on the ground.83 He took off his sunglasses and put them on the kangaroo and did the same with his jacket.Then, he put his arm around the kangaroo and told me to take a photo of them together.84 While I was focusing the camera, I saw the kangaroo move.It suddenly woke up, looked at Chris, and jumped away into the distance before we could do anything.I started laughing but Chris looked very serious.85 I started laughing even harder.I stopped laughing, however, when he said that our car keys were also in the jacket!A.Chris speeded up to catch up with the kangaroos.B.He said his wallet and passport were in the jacket.C.In order to get there in three days, we drove very fast.D.so we had to take food, water, and extra gas with us.E.Chris went over to the kangaroo and put his baseball cap on its head.F.I was still surprised, but I took out my camera.DCEFB 【2011福建莆田】D March 20th is World Water Day every year.According to a report from the United Nations, more than half of the world's major rivers have serious water loss and are polluted.The Yellow River, the world's fifth longest river, watered some of the oldest farms on earth.But now it has a serious problem.68 In most of the past 35 years, it didn't reach the sea.The Nile in Egypt, running 6, 650 km, is the longest river in the world.69 Now it is down to 2 billion m' or so.Australia's Murray River reaches the sea only every other year.One fifth of America's Rio Grande has no water, either.____70 Mostly it's damming(筑坝)and global warming that make rivers dry._____71 Now about 45, 000 of them lie across the world's rivers.They hold back around 15% of the world's fresh water from running to the sea.Global warming is making things worse.Warmer weather takes water away.The glacier(冰川)are becoming smaller.72 Global warming has had certain effects on water sources(源头).Droughts(干旱)happening around the world make people pay more attention to this fact.从方框中所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，补全短文，其中有一项为多余选项。（10分）

68.__________ 69.__________ 70.__________ 71.__________ 72.__________ 文章大意：每年的3月20日是世界水日。根据美国的一个报道，世界上有一半多的主要河流严重缺水或被污染。黄河，世界上第五大河，在过去的35年里，就没有流到大海里。同意，埃及的尼罗河，世界上最长的河流，由原来每年的32000000000平方米的流量降低到2000000000.等等。是说明原因造成这样的现象？主要是由于筑坝和全球变暖导致河流干涸。

68—72 FCDAB 【2011福建福州】（任务型）

三、阅读短文，把A—D四个句子填入短文的空缺处，使短文内容完整、正确，然后完成第75个小题。The word “cartoon” came form Italian.It first referred to the picture before an actual(真实的）drawing on the wall.__71__ Since the 1840s, it has also come to mean any drawing that is humorous, satirical（讽刺的）or showing an opinion.It usually appears in a newspaper and magazine, with or without a short test._72___ People of all ages, especially young children enjoy all kinds of cartoons in newspapers and magazines, or television and at the movies.Cartoons not only show their life, but help form it._73__They have supplied ideas to plays, movies and television series and so on.Names or words form cartoon series have also come into modern languages.Many cartoonists(漫画家）draw with special pens.__74__Surely, computers are especially effective for the making of animated cartoons.This helps us to enjoy more lively cartoons.______________________________________________________________________________ A.They have set the style for clothing, food, manner and many other things.B.In the mid-19th century, it came into English.C.Some use the computer.D.Today cartoons are a part of the daily lives of most people.75.Form the passage, we know that ______________.A.few young children like cartoons B.the word “cartoon” came form English.C.all cartoonists use pencils to draw cartoons nowadays.D.people like cartoons because they show and help form the life.71.B 72.D 73.A 74.C 75.D 【江西省2011】B)请阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中，选出五个还原的原文中，是原文句子通顺，结构完整。并在答题纸上将序号涂黑。(每小题2分)81._It has around 3 billion fans-nearly half the world’s population!And

about 300 million people play this game.That's 4 percent of the world' s population!82._Many people in old days played early forms of his modern game.Cu ju(蹴鞠）a ball-kicking game in China, was reported as early as 2500 B.C.Around the same time in Greece, people were also playing a similar ball game without using their hands.But modern soccer didn't become official(官方的)until 1863.An Englishman called Cobb Morley introduced the idea of a soccer association(联盟).83____.From then on, other associations in the countries were set up.They came together-to make up the FIFA, which organizes the World Cup.It's not easy to tell what makes soccer so popular.84.___ Soccer needs only two feet and a ball.This makes it a sport that developing countries can easily play.Some of the sport's best players come from these poor nations.85._The sport's no-harids rule makes beautiful dance-like movements on the field.What's more, this sport excites the heart.Teams might score only a few times each match, so matches can turn around suddenly.No one knows who will win at the next World Cup.But one thing is certain: The world will be watching.A.He also wrote the sport's official rules.B.Soccer is the world's favorite sport.C.Playin g soccer is good for your health.D.But one reason is how simple the sport is.E.People love soccer as well as their countries.F.It's hard to say where soccer's birthplace is.G.Soccer performances are pleasing to the eyes.81.B 有下文介绍了“足球有三十亿 足球迷，全世界有三亿人踢足球”可知本段围绕足球这一世界最喜欢的运动来写的。

82.F 由下文可知本段围绕足球的发源地来写的。

83.A 通读本段Cobb Morley引进足球联盟这一概念，并写了规则。

84.D 由上文“It's not easy to tell what makes soccer so popular”“没有人知道足球为什么这么普及”及下文“Soccer needs only two feet and a ball.”“足球只需两只脚和一个球”是其原因之一。

85.G 本段围绕足球比赛为什么吸引世人的眼球来写的。

(2011 湖南衡阳)(D)阅读下面短文，从所给A—F六个选项中选出五个正确的选项填空，使短文通顺，内容完整。（共5小题，计10分）

Thirty years ago, few Chinese knew about American TV series, though during the 1980s and 1990s, Chinese people got the chance to watch some U.S.A.TV series like Growing Pains.Now, 58_______,Chinese people have more chances to enjoy foreign TV series.Some American TV series such as 59_______ have become very popular among young Chinese English learners.In their opinion, watching American TV series is a good way to learn English and American culture.They have other reasons to support that point of view.Fist, it’s easy and convenient for learners to manage their learning time.They don’t have to worry about the pl ace and time to learn.60_________,they can start watching and learning.All they need to do is to turn on their computers and put on their earphones.The stories in the TV series also play an import ant role in attracting more learners.Different cultures between China and the Western countries and exciting story lines get young people interested in watching and learning 61________.Besides, watching American TV series can help learners improve their listening and speaking skills.English learners may find it hard to find a native speaker to talk with, 62________, they can listen to native speakers and follow their conversations as much as they can.A.Any time they are free B.American culture and Chinese culture C.Friends and Prison Break.D.They also feel relaxed at the same time E.with the fast development of DVDs and the Internet F.but in the TV series 【主旨大意】电视连续剧是东西方了解文化，学习语言的重要载体。

58、E根据下文：随着DVD和互联网的发展，中国有更多的机会来欣赏外国的电视剧。

59、C此处需填一个外国电视剧的剧名。60、A根据上文，我们不收时间和空间的限制。61、D 意思更进一层，在学习的同时也可以休闲。62、F表示转折。

【2011•四川成都】

三、阅读理解。（共10小题，每小题1分；计10分）

A.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文。（共5小题，每小题1分；计5分）

My uncle has a very beautiful umbrella.He's had it for years.As he is very careful with it, so it still looks as good as new.1 He shook his head.“Then how did you get it?” I asked.“Well,” he answered, “there' s a strange true story about the umbrella.About ten years ago, I was walking along a quiet London street one evening when it suddenly rained.I had no raincoat or umbrella.2 And the people in the streets we re fewer and fewer.As I was on my way to a party, I was afraid to get wet.So I stood in a doorway and waited for the rain to stop.3 What was worse, there even wasn't a person around, and still it rained and rained.At last a young man came to the place where I was standing.4 As I hoped he would allow me to walk to the next corner with him, where I could get a taxi, I stepped out of the dark doorway where I had been standing.5 As I suddenly appeared before him, the young man was so shocked that he dropped the umbrella.He ran away and disappeared into the darkness.I picked up the umbrella and continued my walk.I knew it would be hard in this big city to find the owner, so I've kept it ever since.” A.Gradually, it grew quite dark.B.He held a large umbrella over his head.C.I asked him where he was going with that umbrella.D.No buses ran through the street and there were no taxis.E.I asked my uncle if he bought it or some one sent him as a gift.【主旨大意】这是一篇记叙文。短文虽短，但读来跌宕起伏，情节出人意料。原来这把被主人珍藏的漂亮雨伞是因误会而得来的。也可以看出主人对未预料到的后果心存歉意。答案：1 ~5 EADBC B【2011广西玉林】

阅读下列短文，短文中有四处空白，短文后方框内有四个句子，请根据短文内容把他们分别放回到文中原来的位置，以恢复文章的原貌。How do people pass on messages? When you write a letter or make a telephone call, your words carry a message.People communicate with words.Do you think you can communicate without words? Tears(泪)in your eyes tell others that you are sad.56 When you put up your hand in class, the teacher knows you w ant to say something or ask questions.You shake your head, and people know you are saying no.__57 Other things can also give some information.For example, a sign at the bus stop helps you to know which bus to take.A sign on the wall of your school helps you to find the library.__58__ There are a lot of signs around you and you receive messages from them all the time.People can communicate in many other ways.An artist can use his pictures to tell about beautiful mountains, about the blue sea and many other things.__59__ They also tell about people and their ideas.Books, magazines, TV, radio and movies all help us to communicate with other people.They all help us to know what is going on in the world.A.You nod(点头), and people know you are saying yes.B.Books are written to tell you about all great things in the world.C.A smile on your face shows you are happy and friendly.D.Signs on doors tell you how to go in or out._ 56.________ 57.________ 58.________ 59.________ 【主旨大意】介绍了人不同的交流方式。人们可以用语言交流，也可以用肢体语言，标志，艺术家用画交流，书，杂志，电视，无线电和电影都能帮助我们与他人交流。题号 答案 考查点 解题思路 56 C 理解推断题

根据上文“在你眼中的眼泪告诉他人你是伤心的”，可以推断下文应该为“在你脸上的微笑展示你是高兴的和友好的”。57 A 理解推断题 根据上文“你摇头人们知道你说不”，可推断下文为“你点头人们知道你说是的”。58 D 理解推断题 根据文章上下文可知在将标志，所以选D。

B 理解推断题 根据下文“他们能告诉人们和他们的想法”，可推测上文为“写书是来告诉你在世界上的伟大的事情的”，因此选B。

第二篇：四级听力短文听力解题技巧

一、命题特点

四级考试短文听力的命题特点主要包括：

1.形似阅读理解，难度相差悬殊。听力短文在形式上与阅读理解基本相同，都是根据材料所包含的信息回答后面提出的问题，但听力短文材料的难度比阅读理解小得多，只相当于一般的口语材料。因此考生完全没有必要被其外在形式吓倒。

2.短文播放时间固定，但有弹性时间可利用。虽然短文播放的时间及回答问题的时间是固定的，但播放听力录音之前有大约90秒的试音时间，且在播放短文之前要播放本题的指令部分（directions），这些时间都是可以利用的。

3.短文体裁较为固定，为做出正确判断提供了语境依据。听力短文多为说明文或叙述性小故事，材料较为通俗易懂，这使提前根据所给选项推断材料内容成为可能。

4.选项已知，可作为推断短文内容的依据。虽然材料的内容只播放一遍，但每小题的选项是提前给定的，考生可以根据选项所提供的信息，利用前面提到的弹性时间进行推断，为充分获取短文信息创造更加有利的条件。

5.各小题类型相对固定，有助于总结答题规律。多年来听力短文的试题类型是相对固定的，主要包括细节题、推断题、态度题、数字题、主旨题等。这给我们正确解题提供了启发和思路。

二、应试技巧

结合听力短文的命题特点，我们可总结出如下解题步骤：

首先，浏览已知选项，推断问题的内容和短文大意。在播放短文之前，我们可以利用弹性时间浏览各小题选项，推断短文的体裁和大致内容，为播放短文时充分获取信息做准备。另外，也可据此推断问题的类型甚至内容以便听录音时更有针对性。

其次，手眼脑并用，记录关键信息。播放短文录音期间要听记兼顾，以听为主。一篇短文就是一个信息群，完全靠大脑记忆所有的信息往往是很困难的。因此我们应该把获取的主要信息有选择性地记录下来，特别是有关细节，为做出正确选择做准备。需要特别注意的是这时“听”应该是第一位的，千万不要因为记录前面的信息而漏听后面的信息。

再次，针对不同题型采取相应的解题技巧。在播放问题时，考生要综合利用各种解题技巧做出正确选择。1.细节题。细节题出题点无处不在，但这并不是说无规律可循。细节题的答案往往由first，most，because，in any case，as a matter of fact等副词或副词短语引出，考生在听短文时，除了要尽量听懂所有细节外，一定要更加留意这些词后面的相关信息。

2.推断题。多数推断题与每段的大意或短文的中心思想有关系，因此在听短文录音时我们一定要注意文章中间和结尾总结性的话，特别是每部分的最后一句话。我们对这些话加以分析，往往不难找到正确的答案。

3.态度题。态度题的选项往往是四个形容词，所以考生在播放短文录音之前判断出有态度题，在听录音时就应特别留心fortunately, luckily, unfortunately等这样的具感情色彩的可以反映出speaker的态度的词。speaker对于谈论的对象可能有双向评论，如果听不出speaker的态度方向，建议同学们选正面态度的，因为反驳的文章往往更为复杂。

4.数字题。数字题一般涉及时间、数量、年代等等。如果事先判断出有数字题，在听短文录音时就要特别留意相关数字并尽可能地记下来。而且对于Section B的解题对策要与Section A完全要反过来，即听到哪个数字就要选哪个数字，这里的数字不考运算。

5.主旨题。对于主旨题，我们可以从三方面来把握：一是从选项入手。选项中出现的多次重复的词一定是中心词（key word）。二是从短文入手，要特别注意文章的两头，尤其是文章的开头的两个句子最重要，很有可能成为主旨题的考点，具体需要听的是文章开头的名词。选答案时要优先选含有该名词的选项。三是从短文后面的问题入手，这样也可以提供中心词的线索。大多数的考题都问及的词一定就是此段的中心词。

最后，认真检验核对，不允许任何由于疏忽造成的失误。

把握命题特点和解题技巧固然重要，但这些都是“应急”措施，平时掌握扎实的基础知识，练就基本技能才是解题之根本。忽略平时的基本功训练片面追求所谓的解题技巧只能是舍本逐末。

第三篇：英语六级听力短文回答解题技巧

英语六级听力短文回答解题技巧

六级听力考试的短文理解部分一般由3篇短文及10道针对短文提出的问题组成。10道问题基本平均分配，两篇短文后跟3个问题，另一篇后跟4个问题，每个问题后约有13秒的间隙。短文由一人朗读，语速约为每分钟160词。与对话部分相比，这一部分所含的信息量较大，对考生的短时记忆要求较高，在信息的辨别、组织和推断等方面都有一定的难度。因此，熟练掌握解题技巧就更加重要了。

听力短文部分信息量大，题材范围广，从历年的考试题目来看，涉及到人物生平事迹类文章、科技类、调查研究类、社会问题类等诸多类型，这种题型一直是考生的难点，但如果仔细分析，短文听力具有很多规律和方法。

一、命题特点

六级考试短文听力的命题特点主要包括：

1.形似阅读理解，难度相差悬殊。听力短文在形式上与阅读理解基本相同，都是根据材料所包含的信息回答后面提出的问题，但听力短文材料的难度比阅读理解小得多，只相当于一般的口语材料。因此完全没有必要被其外在形式吓倒。

2.短文播放时间固定，但有弹性时间可利用。虽然短文播放的时间及回答问题的时间是固定的，但播放听力录音之前有大约90秒的试音时间，且在播放短文之前要播放本题的指令部分（directions），这些时间都是可以利用的。

3.短文体裁较为固定，为做出正确判断提供了语境依据。听力短文多为说明文或叙述性小故事，材料较为通俗易懂，这使提前根据所给选项推断材料内容成为可能。

4.选项已知，可作为推断短文内容的依据。虽然材料的内容只播放一遍，但每小题的选项是提前给定的，考生可以根据选项所提供的信息，利用前面提到的弹性时间进行推断，为充分获取短文信息创造更加有利的条件。

5.各小题类型相对固定，有助于总结答题规律。多年来听力短文的试题类型是相对固定的，主要包括细节题、推断题、态度题、数字题、主旨题等。这给我们正确解题提供了启发和思路。

二、应试技巧

结合听力短文的命题特点，我们可总结出如下解题步骤：

首先，浏览已知选项，推断问题的内容和短文大意。在播放短文之前，我们可以利用弹性时间浏览各小题选项，推断短文的体裁和大致内容，为播放短文时充分获取信息做准备。另外，也可据此推断问题的类型甚至内容以便听录音时更有针对性。

其次，手眼脑并用，记录关键信息。播放短文录音期间要听记兼顾，以听为主。一篇短文就是一个信息群，完全靠大脑记忆所有的信息往往是很困难的。因此我们应该把获取的主要信息有选择性地记录下来，特别是有关细节，为做出正确选择做准备。需要特别注意的是这时“听”应该是第一位的，千万不要因为记录前面的信息而漏听后面的信息。

再次，针对不同题型采取相应的解题技巧。在播放问题时，我们要综合利用各种解题技巧做出正确选择。

1.细节题。细节题出题点无处不在，但这并不是说无规律可循。细节题的答案往往由first，most，because，in any case，as a matter of fact等副词或副词短语引出，考生在听短文时，除了要尽量听懂所有细节外，一定要更加留意这些词后面的相关信息。

2.推断题。多数推断题与每段的大意或短文的中心思想有关系，因此在听短文录音时我们一定要注意文章中间和结尾总结性的话，特别是每部分的最后一句话。我们对这些话加以分析，往往不难找到正确的答案。

3.态度题。态度题的选项往往是四个形容词，所以考生在播放短文录音之前判断出有态度

题，在听录音时就应特别留心fortunately, luckily, unfortunately等具有感情色彩的可以反映出speaker态度的词。speaker对于谈论的对象可能有双向评论，如果听不出speaker的态度方向，建议同学们选正面态度的，因为反驳的文章往往更为复杂。

4.数字题。数字题一般涉及时间、数量、年代等。如果事先判断出有数字题，在听短文录音时就要特别留意相关数字并尽可能地记下来。而且对于Section B的解题对策要与Section A的短对话完全反过来，即听到哪个数字就要选哪个数字，这里的数字不考运算。

5.主旨题。对于主旨题，我们可以从三方面来把握：一是从选项入手。选项中出现的多次重复的词一定是中心词（key word）。二是从短文入手，要特别注意文章的两头，尤其是文章的开头两个句子最重要，很有可能成为主旨题的考点，具体需要听的是文章开头的名词。选答案时要优先选含有该名词的选项。三是从短文后面的问题入手，这样也可以提供中心词的线索。大多数的考题都问及的词一定就是此段的中心词。

最后，认真检验核对，不允许任何由于疏忽造成的失误。

三、语段题的八种题材

1．学校题材（剑桥大学等）

重点：学校的地理位置，资金来源，校园环境，师生情况，课程情况，图书馆，课外活动，学校特色

2．机构介绍（监狱，图书馆等）重点：地点，规模，制度，专业 3．社会热点

重点：轰动效应，背景（产生的原因），大众观点，作者态度 4．灾难题（毒品，车祸等）

重点：问题类型，起因，危害，解决方法（尤其是科学家、研究人员提出的事实、观点、方法、结论）5．新闻题

重点：when where who why which(what)how 6．人物题

重点：生卒年月、出生地、成就（贡献）、坎坷遭遇、结局 7．科普题（太阳风等）

重点：物体特征、形成原因、分类、最新研究发现和初步结论 8．故事

重点：主人公遭遇、变故、主人公做的决定、原因、结局

四、语段题的8大解题原则

1．听即原则：所听即所得，听到什么就选什么（正好与短对话相反，短对话时听到的一般不选）2．重读原则：某单词被反复读到或在语音上加以重读，应引起重视如果选项中出现很可能就是答案

3．顺序原则：出题顺序一般与行文顺序相同除了主题题和部分说明文

4．主题原则：主题一般出现在段落的头尾部分，所以要集中精力听清前三句话和最后两句话 5．原因原则：凡出现表示原因，目的的很有可能是考点如：because so as 等词前后要着重听 6．转则原则：凡出现表示转则的词如：but however yet 等，后面的句子往往是考点，要引起重视

7．光明原则：事情一般都是向着好的方面发展的，主人公一般大难不死，事情总是绝处逢生

8．偏怪小原则：一般故事总是稀奇古怪的，经过总是曲折离奇的，结局总是出人意料的。宗旨就是意料之外、情理之中

五、语段题的做题步骤

1．先预读备选项，从备选项推测文章的体裁和大致内容

2．更据十大原则和该类文章的重点大致推测考点可能出现的位置 3．听语段，尤其抓住标志词，确定考点

4．听问题，将原文的意思对应选项。对应选项一般有四种情况按难度依次为： 原词复现：选项中的用词和原文完全一样

同义复现：选项中用一个同义词或词组替换原文中的词近义复现：选项与原文意思相近，但换了一种表达方式

反意复现：选项与原文表达正好相反，但意思是一样的。如：原文说如果怎样就会怎样，选项说如果不怎么样就会如何。六、十大类标志词

据研究，有90%以上的考点都是由标志词引导话提示的，因此在语段听力中听到下列标志词时要引起高度重视，集中注意力听清标志词前后的句子。1．最高级标志词

形容词、副词最高级：most/ chief/ primary/ main/ leading / „„

2．唯一级标志词

only / unique / prefer / every / one / of all / perfect / …… 3．因果项标志词

cause / lead to / contribute to / thanks to / owing to / question / answer / why / reason / „„ 4．转则项关键词

despite / in spite of / instead / while / from ~ to ~ / although ~（yet）~ / not only ~ but also ~ / „„ 5．序数项标志词

所有的序数词（first, second）/ another / the other / next / last / in addition / on the other hand / „„ 6．时间项标志词

when / how / today / as / before / after / since / then / until / …… 7．解释项标志词

or / namely / in other words / that is / that is to say / …… 8．目的项标志词

to / for / …… 9．总结项标志词

all in all / in brief / to conclude / at last / in summary / in short / …… 10．强调项标志词

副词：especially / particularly / almost / always / usually / „„ 动词：show / remember / note / notice / say / pronounce

/ „„

第四篇：大学英语六级短文改错解题技巧解读

大学英语六级短文改错解题技巧

新六级考试“改错的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力”。改错中的很多错误其实就是很多学生在平时写作时经常犯的错误。短文改错对考生的要求较高，是对语言知识综合运用能力的考查。改错形式：

1、错词（words mistaken）。在标有题号的一行中有一词在词法、搭配或词义等方面有错误，要求考生找出错误并换上正确的词（change a

word），这类错误在所有错误中占绝大多数。

2、缺词（words missing）。在标有题号的一行的任何位置缺了一词，要求考生按语法、搭配或上下文语义的需要找出缺词的位置并补上所缺的词（insert a word）。

3、多词（words redundant）。在标有题号的一行中有一词按语法、搭配或上下文语义要求纯属多余，要求考生认定该多余的词并划去（cross out a word）。做题步骤：

一、先通读全文

认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。根据短文大意和上下文逻辑关系，对文章进行逐字逐句的分析，检查句子的结构是否完整，语气是否连贯，启承转合是否符合文意等。

二、综合运用所学语言知识

根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题(即改词、加词或减词)。

三、验证答案

改完后，要回过头来重读一遍全文，查看改过后是否能使语气通顺，时态一致，合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力，仔细推敲，使答案更加准确。因为有时就一个句子来看可能在两个地方修改都说地过去，但在上下文中却只能在一处修改。应试技巧： 1.做改错题时应先用快读的方法通读全文，对文章有个大致的了解。细读出现 10 个错误的所在行，看有没有出现语法错误和词汇错误。如果通过细读确认没有语法错误和词汇错误，那就把细读扩大到该行上下各二、三行，有时甚至要联系该行所在的自然段，这时的重点必须转移到对文章的理解上来，从上下文的关系找出连接关系和逻辑关系的前后矛盾的错误。4.一般来说，一份标准的改错题，从改错的三种方式来说应该是以改换原词为主，约占 60% ～ 70%，以去掉原文的词和加词为辅，约占 30% ～ 40%;从三种错误所占比例来看，语法和词汇为 7 ～ 8 个，而上下文逻辑错误为 2 ～ 3 个。错误类型：

1、名词错误

最近比较经常考查名词的错误的是关于名词的单复数问题和可数与不可数名词的混用。如样题中63题将percents改为percent, 68题中将woman改为women。

2、冠词错误

对于冠词的考查，主要是单数名词前面一定要有一个冠词来修饰。定冠词the的多余 或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加the的地方加了the，或是same等常和the一起使用的词却漏税掉了the, a, an的混用。

注意，判断一个词的前面加a还是an不是看其首字母是不是元音字母，而是看首字母的发音是不是元音，如an hour, an honest boy ,其首字母不是元音字母，但其发音却是以元音素开始，故用an，而a useful book, a university, a European, a one-hour trip，虽然以元音字母开始，但却读作辅音音素的音，故用a。

3、数词错误

主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等，基数基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of，几千thousands of漏掉了s,或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数，如seven hundred,写作seven hundreds.4、指代错误

主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用。如只能用that引导的用了其它,或在不能用that的地方却用了that，或是在“介词+关系代词”结构中漏掉了介词等。

在文章当中如果说出现了代词，那么代词所指代的对象在前文中一定是出现过的，否则就会出现指代不清，所以出现代词时候，我们要注意它所指代的对象的单复数是否与代词一致。如样题中62题将it改成they，因为它指代的是前面的复数名词papers。

5、介词错误

这是改错中最常见的一种错误，主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。当然这也包括一些用法搭配上的错误，这种错误在历年的考试当中出现的频率非常高。

如样题中69题将from改成in,因为result from意思是“发生”，前果后因，而result in是“导致”的意思，前因后果。做对这类题目最重要的是平常的积累，尤其是一些动词词组的搭配，虽然在词汇部分出现的已经很少了，但有可能在改错题中出现，当然这占的比重并不是很大，所以大家平常在英语学习当中适当注意即可。

6、动词错误

时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时中间杂有另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；接从句需要用虚拟语气的没有用，需要接ing形式的接了to, 或相反等。如00年6月真题的76题考查的就是时态，综观短文，全部用过去时态，因而前后应该一致。

7、主谓不一致

产生这种错误的主要原因是没有找对句子的主语，英语追求形式上的完美，所以有时候句子的结构非常复杂，这也是为什么我们一直强调难句分析在英语复习中的重要性。句子的结构一般是“主谓宾”或“主系表”，正确地找出各个句子成分对于阅读也

是非常有帮助的。如第三人称单数漏掉s，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数；再就是就近原则对主语的影响。

8、非谓语动词错误

非谓语动词分为三类：不定式、动名词和分词。其中分词又分为现在分词和过去分词，其特点是：不定式、动名词和分词可以做很多句子成分，但就是不能单独做谓语，这也是它们被称为“非谓语动词”的原因。这也是在四六级考试改错中常见的错误。

9、形容词与副词错误

这类错误一般是形容词与副词的误用，形容词一般用来修饰名词，而副词可以修饰动词和形容词，往往出题者就会把该用副词的地方误用为形容词。

10、连接词误用

连接词的错误虽然是属于传统的语法题范畴，但其用法主要根据上下文语义上的逻辑关系，也就是上下文的理解。连接词有很多种，有并列连词，如and, but, or等，主从连词，如because, if, after等，以及其他连接介词和副词，如however, despite等。如需转折连词(如but)的时候用了承接连词(so)，或相反。曾经考查过的题目有00年6月的73题，将as改为than，这

考查的是比较连词的搭配，根据上一行中之more即可确定改as为than。

11、关系词的误用

这一类错误主要是针对定语从句的，读者可以找一本语法书对定语从句做个回顾复习。这几年考题中出现的错误有00年1月六级真题的79题中在定语从句中多了一个they，应该划去。

12、反义词误用

这是短文改错中出现频率较高也是比较有特色的一种错误类型，这类错误必须在透彻理解上下文语义的基础上才能发现并改正。比较常见的错误有：

a、派生反义词

如00年1月六级真题的72题将directly改为indirectly。这类错误通常是否定前缀的应用。希望大家能对否定前缀重视起来。

b、其他反义词

如样题中65题将subjective(主观的)改成objective(客观的)，70题将majority(大多数)改成minority(少数)，这种反义词的误用比派生反义词更要难些，一般需要透彻理解上下文才能完成。

13、并列结构

像有or或and连接的一般是并列结构，前后的形式一般来说应该是一样的，如样题中64题将maintain改成maintaining, 与and前的hiring相并列。

14、固定用法的错误

样题中71题将with改成as, as a result是一个固定搭配。改错的7大核心考点： 1.并列结构

这主要是指由and或or连接的几个并列成分在形式上必须保持一致.这一考点在历年六级改错中出现频率相当高,同学们要给予相当的重视.(1)At the heart of the NEA survey is the belief in(改成that,同位语从句)our democratic system depends on leaders who can think critically, analyze texts and writing clearly.(07年1月新六级改错

第6题)这里的writing显然与think和analyze并列,因此应该用同样的形式,所以应该改成write.(2)Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect(去掉an,固定介词搭配)，faulty wiring in the brain-----not lazy, stupidity or a poor home environment.(06年6月六级改错第4题)这里的lazy应该与stupidity和a poor home environment并列,因此该用名词形式laziness.(3)Restrict yourself to one or two pages, and listing any publications or referees on a separate sheet.(06年1月六级改错第7题)通过and将restrict和listing联系起来表示并列关系,所以listing应该用原形list.(4)How do you know how to act in a classroom, or a department store, or toward a person who smiles or laugh at you?(04年6月六级改错第9题)这里的smiles和laugh肯定应该用同样的形式,而前面的a person又提示我们该使用第三人称单数,所以将laugh改成laughs.(5)Most experts believe this can continue even as if(去掉as,这里的even if表示即使)the population doubles by the mid-21st century, although feeding 10 billion people will not be easy for politics, economic and environmental reasons.(04年1月六级改错第6题)同样,这里的politics应该改成political和economic, environmental并列。(6)Elsewhere, rice experts in the Philippines are producing a plant with few stems and more seeds.(04年1月六级改错第9题)few应该与more形成对应,所以应改成比较级形式fewer.2.A--A型错误

所谓A--A型错误,就是指六级改错命题经常将形容词(adjective)与副词

(adverb)混淆.这时我们的任务就是将文中的形容词换成它的副词形式,或将副词换成形容词：(1)Science should not only be “fun” in the same way as playing a video game, but “hard fun”----a deep feeling of connection made possibly only by imaginative engagement.(07年1月老六级改错第10题)我们都知道make sth.possible, possible做为宾语补足语，那用被动语态就是sth be made possible,所以这里的possibly应该改成possible.(2)Mass literacy is a relative new social goal.(06年6月六级改错第九题)显然这里表示“相对地”意思,因此要将relative改成它的副词形式relatively.注意:relative改成relatively不是第一次出现了，在04年1月的改错题中也出现过。(3)A good CV is your passport to an interview and, ultimate, to the job you want.(06年1月六级改错第二题)ultimate在两个逗号之间，肯定得用副词形式ultimately.(4)She says efforts are continuing to complete end the disease.(05年1月六级改错第三题)complete要改成副词形式completely修饰动词end。(5)The WHO has given multi-drug therapy to patients freely for the last five years.(05年1月六级改错第九题)可以看出这里freely想表示“免费的”意思,所以应该改成形容词形式free.(5)Culture is essentially to our humanness.(0 4年6月六级改错第8题)be essential to是一个固定搭配,表示“对...很重要”,所以essentially应该换成形容词essential.(6)Except for relative-isolated trouble spots like pres-ent-day Somalia…(04年1月第三题)显然应该用副词relatively来修饰动词过去分词isolated,表示“相对隔绝的”。注意:A--A题错误有一种变体题型A—N.所谓A—N题型, 就是指A(adjective)与N(noun)之间的混淆,举例如下：(1)Now what started in schools across the country is playing itself out on a nation stage and is possibly having an impact on the reading habits of the Ameri-can public.(07年1月新六级第十题)“在国内舞台”应该是on a national stage,在这里名词nation要改成它的形容词形式national。(2)Understanding the original of the negative attit-udes towards science may help us to modify them.(07年1月老六级第四题)表示“起源”显然要用名词形式origin,这里用形容词original是错误的。3.逻辑错误 这种错误一般得根据上下文判断得出,分析这么多年六级改错的逻辑错误,答案无一例外都是将文中某个用错的词(很多情况下是一个形容词)改成它的反义词或添上一个否定词,这里要求同学们掌握一些常用的否定词缀,如in-,un-等等,因为有的形容词加上否定词缀就变成了它的反义词,举例如下:(1)the leaders of our country are unconsciously sending the message that reading may be connected to desirable activities that…(07年1月新六级改错第七题)desirable>undesirable(2)The task of learning facts and concepts, one at a time, makes learning laborious, boring and efficient.(07年1月老六级改错第八题)efficient> inefficient.本题中efficient和laborious与boring并列,根据并列成分意思一致原则,也可以推断出这里的efficient应该换成它的反义词.(3)But in the Information Age, no one can get by with knowing

how to read well and understand increasingly complex material.(06年6月六级改错第十题)with>without.这里句子主语用了no one表示否定,而整个句子表示肯定的意思,所以后面必然要用一个否定词without与no one构成双重否定表示肯定。(4)Initial impressions are vital, and a badly presented CV could mean acceptance, regardless of what’s in it.(06年1月六级改错第三题)acceptance>rejection(5)the person who is unfamiliar with the arts, music, literature, philosophy, or history.(04年6月六级改错第六题)unfamiliar>familiar(6)Except for relatively-isolated trouble spots like present-day Somalia, and occasional years of good harvests, the world’s food crisis has remained just around the corner.(04年1月六级改错第四题)good>poor/bad(7)Get someone to check for spelling and grammatical errors, because a spell-checker will pick up every mistake.(06年1月六级改错第6题)根据上下文,这里应该表示“不能挑出每个错误”，所以在pick up之前要加上否定词not.4.-ing型与-ed型改错题

此类题一般是动词后面少了ing或ed,这种题经常出现,值得注意。-ing型改错题分两种情况:(1)介词后面或某些动词后面跟着的动词需要使用该动词的-ing形式(2)用一个逗号将一个动词与其逻辑主语分开,该动词需要用-ing分词形式,举例如下：(1)The House proposal would have barred the federal government from demand library records….(07年1月新六级改错第三题)这里的demand应该改成demanding,bar/stop/prevent sth from doing为固定搭配,介词from后面的动词必须使用其-ing形式。(2)As a result, too many kids passed through school without master the printed page.(06年6月六级改错第1题)介词后面跟的动词通常都要加-ing形式,所以这里的master应该改成mastering.(3)Here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject pile.(06年1月六级改错第4题)avoid后面跟动词要加-ing,所以end改成ending.(4)This modern treatment will cure leprosy in 6 to 12 months, depend on the form of the disease.(05年1月 六级改错第8题)一个逗号将depend on和其逻辑主语this modern treatment分开,因此depend要用其现在分词形式depending.(5)Culture refers to the social heritage of a people----the learned patterns for thinking, feeling and acting that characterize a population or society, include the expression of these patterns in material things.(04年6月六级改错第一题)和上一题一样,这里的include同样得用分词形式including.-ed型改错:(1)If you have to send one, make sure it is one taking in a professional setting…(06年1月六级改错第九题)这里的one指代前文的photo,我们都知道照相用take a photo,所以这里的one和take应该表示被动关系,所以应该用take的过去分词taken做后置定语。(2)The rule here is to keep it factual and truthful-----exaggerations usually get find out.(06年1月六级改错第10题)表示“被发现”显然要用过去分词found out.注意:-ed型改错从本质上说就是要能发现动词与其逻辑主语的关系,动词是施动者,而其逻辑主语接收动词发出的动作.这和被动语态实际上是

一个道理,下面举几个被动语态的题:(1)The day the NEA report released….(07年1月新六级改错第2题)这个报告被发表,所以在report和released之间要加上was.(2)Studies indicate that many girls are affecting as well-----and not getting help.(06年6月六级改错第6题)受到影响显然要用被动语态,所以affecting要改成过去式affected.值得注意的是,affect是改错命题专家比较偏爱的一个词,在05年1月的改错中考查了effect与affect的区别,大家对这个词要好好掌握。(3)The members of the alliance against leprosy plan to target the countries which still threatened by leprosy.(05年1月六级第10题)这里的the countries作为逻辑主语,与后面的动词threaten成被动关

系,而且后面句子的形式threatened by leprosy也提示我们这里应该在threate-ned的前面加上系动词are.5.单复数错误与主谓不一致错误 这个考点在六级改错中出现的也很频繁,同学们对这种错误也比较熟悉,做题时一定得仔细观察句子的主语：(1)Most education system neglect exploration, under-standing and reflection.(07年1月老六级第五题)句子的主语是education system，而前面的most和后面的neglect都提示我们这里主语应该是个复数,所以将system改成systems.(2)There is therefore a need for resources and methods of teaching that facilitates a deep under-standing of science in an enjoyable way.(07年1月老六级第九题)这里facilitates前面跟的主语是resources and methods of teaching,主语是复数,所以根据主谓一致原则,要把facilitates改成facilitate。(3)New screening tests are identifying children at risk before they get discouraged by year of frustration and failure.(06年6月六级改错第8题)表示“多年的沮丧与失败”是一个复数的概念,因此要把year改成years.(4)physical object like cooking pots, computers and bathtubs.(04年6月六级改错第三题)这里的主语是physical object，也就是后面的那么些东西,因为不止一样东西,所以object得用复数形式objects.(5)There is no guarantee that plant breeders can cont-inue to develop new, higher-yielding crop…(04年1月六级改错第10题)在形容词前没有不定冠词,所以可以认为这里的crop表示一个复数概念,因此用crops.6.指代错误与冠词错误 同单复数一样,解指代错误题也要关注指代的对象到底是单数还是复数:(1)During the 1980s’ culture wars, school systems across the country pulled some books from library shelves because its content was deemed by parents and teachers to be inappropriate.(07年1月新六级改错第9题)这里its指代前面的some books，所以物主代词应该是their而不是its.(2)As a result, children memorize processes such asmathematical formulas or the periodic table, only to forget it shortly afterwards.(07年1月六级改错第7题)，容易发现it指代前面的processes，因为是复数,所以该用复数的宾格them.(3)At same time(06年6月六级改错第七题)地球人都知道的at the same time是固定短语。(4)in first paragraph(06年1月六级改错第一题)序数词前面要加the，这是初中的知识。(5)a number of leprosy cases around the world has

been cut by ninety percent during the past ten years.(05年1月六级改错第一题)表示数量多少应该用the number of(6)The fast-growing population’s demand for food,they warned, would soon exceed their supply…(04年1月六级改错第二题)这里的their指代population，而人口是一个单数的概念,所以物主代词要用its.7.介词短语的考查 分析这几年的改错,这一考点几乎成了每次考试必考的

知识点,但这个得靠各位的基本功了,因为事先无法知道要考查哪个介词短语.不过看看这几年考过的介词短语搭配,我们可以发现其实都是一些最基本的,不会出现生僻的:in every region, owe…to, in detail, in effect, for the reason, cause damage to, deal with, for instance.除此之外,强调句，同位语从句，定语从句，名词性从句以及时态和一些连词也常出现在六级的改错中。(2)Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect，faulty wiring in the brain-----not lazy, stupidity or a poor home environment.(06年6月六级改错第4题)Most experts believe this can continue even as if(去掉as,这里的even if表示即使)the population doubles by the mid-21st century, although feeding 10 billion people will not be easy for politics, economic and environmental reasons.(04年1月六级改错第6题)1

第五篇：解题技巧

她，一双水灵灵的大眼睛镶嵌在远远的脸蛋上，闪着稚气的光，那薄薄的嘴唇一动一动像吃樱桃。头上还属这两条羊角辫，最有趣的是她的鼻子，竟是扁扁的，好像怎么也立不起来似的。他就是我的好伙伴——张艳，在她身上，我学到了不少东西呢！

那是一个星期天的下午，我们几个小书迷正在看书。这是，张艳问刘丽：“我给你的《创新作文大全》呢？”“在这里，只是封面掉了，没有找着。”刘丽边说边从包里拿出那本没有“脸”的书。张艳问刘丽：“你再找找好吗？”“我上哪找去，大不了赔钱给你！”刘丽不耐烦地说。张艳见她生气了，便不再作声了，可刘丽不依不挠地和张艳吵了起来，我见话越说越不投机，就劝他们别吵了。刘丽反而说我——狗咬耗子多管闲事。气得我七窍生烟，心想：走着瞧吧！过了几天，张艳对我说：“刘丽生病了，我想去看看她，给她补补课。”我不解的说：“你还帮助刘丽啊？上次她无事生非，你都忘了吗？这叫恶有恶报！”“报什么报，上次的事我也有不对的地方，使这宽容别人，自己也会快乐起来的！”她的一席话使我心里明朗了许多。也让我懂得了什么是宽容。

“爱护环境，人人有责。”是她的一句口头禅。他是这样说的也是这样做的。暑假的一天下午，我一个人去新华书店，路上，我边走边吃着西瓜，在炎热的夏天，吃西瓜真解暑啊。吃完后，我把西瓜皮往垃圾桶的方向扔去，不料西瓜皮从桶边弹到了地上，我只当没看见，继续往前走。“快把西瓜皮捡起来。”我吓了一大跳，可回头一看，张艳，不知她从哪儿冒出来了。我不以为然地说：“你管闲事管到太平洋去了？那边不是也有一块嘛！”说着随手指了远处的一块西瓜皮。“今天你不捡下次一定又会乱扔的，如果每个人都像你那样想，地球不就成垃圾库了吗？”我听她说的有道理，便把西瓜皮连同远处那块一起扔进了了垃圾桶。

虽然她现在转学了，我们没能在一起，但他那种以宽容为本、为大众着想的精神却值得我学习。我为我有这样一个品德高尚的朋友而自豪。

2.我的好伙伴是一名女同学，就先从她的外貌说起吧!

她留着一头乌黑的齐耳卷发，个子高而瘦，浓密的眉毛下镶着一双黑宝石般的眼睛，闪耀着快乐和智慧的光芒，高高的鼻梁下长着一张能说会道的樱桃小嘴，她很朴素，经常穿一件红色上衣，一条蓝色的牛仔裤和一双紫色的皮鞋，凑成了一个活泼可爱的小精灵。

她的学习成绩非常好，总是名列前茅。有一次，我们数学老师出了一道小学六年级的题，我看了一眼，没加思索地说不会做，还不耐烦的这儿抓抓，那儿挠挠,偶而一瞥她却是那样的仔细,正在专心致志地钻研这道难题,经过苦思冥想终于做出了这道题,然而当我请教她答案时,她却说“以后若要成大器，从现在起不管做什么事都要认认真真。”我被她的一言一行深深地打动了。从那以后，我的成绩就开始慢慢地上升。因此我最感动的还是她的行为。

她还非常活泼，尤其非常喜欢笑。俗话说“女子笑时不露齿”，可是她笑时两排洁白的牙齿立刻展现在我的面前了。有一次，我们在班上玩一个游戏，名叫——贴鼻子。游戏开始了，老师先在黑板上画了一个小姑娘，还给这个小姑娘涂上了眼睛、耳朵和嘴巴，可就是没有鼻子，大家都迷惑不解，当老师画完时才说今天我们来玩一个贴鼻子的游戏，每个人都得画一个鼻子，大家轮流来，当轮到她时她不慌不忙的走上讲台，拿起她画的鼻子就往上贴，当她贴好时，取下遮眼睛的布一看，鼻子贴在了嘴巴上，顿时她哈哈大笑，又露出了她那洁白无比的牙齿，惹得同学们也笑出了声,这笑声一直荡漾在温馨的教室里……

同时她又是一个乐于助人的人。记得有一次，我们的课程表改变了，可同学们却一无所知，其他所有同学都没有拿彩笔，只有她善于观察，看见课程表更换了，立刻把新课表填写在纸上，因而这次及时拿上了彩笔。上课时，同学们都来借她的彩笔，可她却什么也没有说就把彩笔借给了同学们，同学们都对她感激不尽，我却很疑惑，自言自语道“呀！她平时可不是这样的啊，怎么今天变了呢？”她正好听见了，就对我说“你对别人仁，别人就对你好，再说助人为乐是好事啊，这次在别人有困难时你帮助了她（他），下次在你有困难时，同学们也会挺身而出帮助你啊！”我听了之后慌然大悟。

她不仅是我的好伙伴，还是我的竞争对手哩！你们想知道她的真实姓名吗？嘿嘿，告诉你们吧，不过你们可要替我保密哦—她就是我形影不离的好伙伴

3.他，个子不算太高，却很自恋又乐于助人；脸上镶自一双水灵灵的大眼睛是那样有神；笑起来时，脸上的小酒窝使他显得十分可爱。这个少年便是我的好伙伴——小明。

说他是自恋狂还得从那一件事说起：那是在一堂自习课上，同学们都在学习，教室里顿时鸦雀无声。“啦，啦啦……”这歌声打破了教室的沉静。哦！原来小明在唱歌呀！我在点忍无可忍，便对他说：“喂，不要再唱了，小明！你以为你的歌声有多好听，还不如听鸟叫呢！”“唉，这么好听的声音，能不如鸟叫？想夸我你就直说，我一向是很谦虚的，要不我再献上一首歌曲……”小明的话刚说到一半，全班同学大笑起来，我便急忙说道：“别，别……你继续唱你的歌去，不过你先唱在心里，下课在向同学们表演。”他听我说完，向我做了个鬼脸，便又轻声地唱起了歌，我心想：这么难听的声音，还不如堵上耳朵，他却自以为好听，再怎么唱也比不过鸟叫。

不要看他这么自恋，其实他心地十分善良，喜欢乐于助人。记得那是一个乌云密布的下午，天正下着倾盆大雨，我因没有带雨伞正在着急地等待着，希望雨早点停。我心想：怎么办？我没有雨伞，妈妈正在上班无法拿伞给我，该怎么办？正当我沉思时，小明的话语打破了这个宁静。“怎么，没带雨伞吗？”他冲我笑了笑，脸上的酒窝显得十分可爱。“是呀，不知道该怎么办！”“嗯…我的雨伞先借你吧！我家就在这附近，记得明天还给我哦！”没等我回答，他便把雨伞硬塞到我的手里。“这，这怎么好意思，不过，谢谢你……”没等我说完，他早就消失在雨雾中不见了踪影。直到第二天，我才知道小明因淋湿而感冒了，没能来上学。这就是我的好伙伴——小明。