第一篇：口译材料Review Data of Oral Interpretation
C2E 1 2002年8月26日，联合国在南非的约翰内斯堡召开了可持续发展“全球峰会”。
August 26, 2002, the UN held a “global summit” about sustainable development in Johannesburg, South Africa.美国环境专家调查发现，今年9月份北冰洋的冰面缩小了4%，为1978年以来之最。American environmental experts survey found that the September ice in the Arctic Ocean shrank by 4%, the most since 1978.一种突破性的超级锌空气燃料电池技术已悄然在美国开花并在上海结果。
A groundbreaking super zinc air fuel cell technology has begun quietly in the United States, and successful developed in Shanghai.改革开放推动了我国国民经济持续、快速、健康的发展，综合国力显著提高。
The reform and opening up has promoted the development of our national economy sustained, rapid and healthy, and the comprehensive national strength has been significantly improved.生活在这个城市的人们，就像坐在高速、但又十分拥挤的地铁中。
People living in this city are like sitting in a fast, but crowded subway.6根据有关部门预测，磁浮列车开通后，预计年客流量将在一千万人次左右。
According to the relevant departments predict that after the opening of the Maglev train, the passenger flow is expected to flow will be around ten million passengers.上了一辆出租车，地道的北京司机跟你谈的话题是政治、经济和文化。
Get on a taxi, the authentic Beijing driver to talk to you about the subject of political, economic and cultural.在当前的复杂形势下，政治谈判是争取中东和平的唯一正确而有效的途径。
In the current complex situation, political negotiations are the only correct and effective way to get peace in the Middle East.世界上越来越多的国家认为，中国是维护地区和世界和平与稳定的重要力量。
More and more countries in the world believe that China is an important force in safeguarding regional and world peace and stability.每年的4月1日是西方也是美国的民间传统节日——愚人节，其实愚人节起源于欧洲的法国，后经英国传入美国。
April 1st is the west is also America folk festival-April Fool's day, in fact, April Fool's Day originated in Europe, France, after the introduction of the UK to the United States.专家一致认为，黄浦江两岸滨水区选址方案具有独特的优势，它巧妙的扣住了“城市，让生活更美好”这个主题。
Experts agree that on both sides of the Huangpu River waterfront location scheme has a unique advantage, it clever to withhold “better city,better life” as the theme.根据美国航空航天局的最新卫星记录，北冰洋的冰块正以高出往日9%的速度融化，面临着本世纪末全部消失的危险。
According to NASA's latest record of satellite, Arctic ice is melting at a rate of 9%, and is at risk of disappearing in the end of the century.自党的十三届四中全会以来，中国经济持续发展，我们不仅实现了温饱有余，而且还开始迈向更加富裕的小康社会。
Since the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth National Congress of the party, the Chinese economy sustainable develop, we not only realize the superabundant life with just enough food and clothing, but also the beginning of towards more affluent well-off society.经过多年艰苦谈判，中国正式成为世界贸易组织的成员。为此，中国的改革和对外开放进入了一个崭新的阶段。
After many years of hard negotiation, China officially became a member of the world trade organization.To this end, China's reform and opening to the outside world has entered a new stage.自中美建交以来，台湾问题是中美关系最重要、最敏感的问题，长期以来一直制约着中美关系的健康稳定发展。
Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, the issue of Taiwan has been the most important and sensitive issue in the relationship between China and the United States, which has long been restricting the healthy and stable development of China US relations.据卫生部统计，我国艾滋病感染人数已超过100万，但这个人群的生存状况对于公众来说一直是鲜为人知的。
According to the Ministry of health statistics, China's number of HIV infections has exceeded 1000000, but the survival of the crowd for the public has been little-known.我国西北五省和内蒙古自治区将建立沙尘暴的联合预报预防机制，以加强该地区对沙尘暴的预防和治理能力。
The combined forecasting and preventing mechanism of Sandstorm in northwest five provinces and the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region will strengthen the prevention and control of dust storms in the region.随着浦东对外开放的领域进一步拓宽和投资环境的进一步改善，一批水平高、功能强的内外资想项目纷至沓来。
With Pudong opening to the outside world further broaden and investment environment for further improvement, a number of high level, strong function of internal and external capital to projects come in a throng.随着人们生活水平的不断提高和社会交际的日臻频繁，喝咖啡已不仅是一种享受，更是时尚与文化的结合。
With the continuous improvement of people's living standards and social communication, drinking coffee is not only a kind of enjoyment, but also the combination of fashion and culture.春节怎么过？网上调查显示，共享天伦、朋友聚会、过把购物瘾、给自己“充电”成了最受欢迎的四种度假方式。
How to spend the Spring Festival? Online survey, sharing family happiness, party with friends, shopping, to“charge” self became the most popular four ways of vacation.进入世贸以后，面对国际大公司的资金、技术、市场和管理优势，仅仅依靠低成本竞争是难以做到可持续发展的。
After entering WTO, towards the fund, technology, market and management advantage of the international big company, only relying on the low cost competition is hard to achieve sustainable development.有人认为，随着两极格局的解体，取而代之的是美国的单极格局，而另外一些人则认为，现在是一超多强的格局。
Some people think that with the disintegration of the two poles setup, instead is America's unipolar setup, and also some people think, now is one super and many strong setup.E2C 1 About six hundred years ago golf was invented in Scotland, so naturally Scotland has more golf courses per head than anywhere else in the world.大约六百年前，高尔夫起源于苏格兰，所以苏格兰比世界其他地方人均有更多的高尔夫球场。Over-eating has become a serious social problem in the United States with over 300,000 American eating themselves to death every year.暴食已经在美国成为一个严重的社会问题，每年有超过30万人因暴食而死亡。In order to treat the water pollution, 1.07 billion cubic meters of water has been diverted from the Yangtze River to Lake Taihu.为了治理水污染，已经有10亿7百万立方米的水从长江改道太湖。Bilateral trade between China and Russia has enjoyed fast development in recent years and is expected to reach US$11 billion this year.中国和俄罗斯之间的双边贸易近年来发展迅速，预计今年将达到110亿美元。In recent years, lotteries have become a popular way for local and central governments to raise money for charities and other social projects.近年来，彩票已经成为中央和地方政府为慈善机构和其他社会项目筹集资金的的一种流行方式。Many boarding schools have much experience of making special arrangements for international students, ensuring that they can improve their English if necessary.许多寄宿制学校特别为国际学生安排了一些丰富的体验，确保他们在必要的时候能够提高自己的英语。If the ecological environment in the western part of the country is not improved, it is impossible to escape the threat of sandstorms.如果国家的西部生态环境没有改善，也不可能逃脱沙尘暴的威胁。China is now an essential trading partner for Asian countries while the US is becoming somewhat less important in the face of China’s rise.中国现在是亚洲国家重要的贸易伙伴，与此同时面对中国的崛起美国已经变得不太重要了。The Bush administration has hardened its stance toward China on the Taiwan issue, and makes no effort to hide its intention to interfere.布什政府面对中国在台湾问题上的立场非常强硬，而且丝毫不隐藏自己的干涉意图。A good lecturer will emphasize that the process of thinking and working together in learning is a valuable life skill for every student.一个好的讲师会强调思考和实践相结合的过程在学习中对于每个学生来说都是一种宝贵的生活技巧。Driven by the new laws on air pollution, the world’s leading automakers are competing in a race to create affordable eco-friendly cars.在空气污染新法规的推动下，世界领先的汽车制造商都在竞相比赛创造实惠的环保汽车。Both sides agreed to diversify the pattern of trade in order to realize the full potential of bilateral trade and economic relations.双方同意将为贸易实现双边贸易和经济关系发挥全部的潜力。After September 11th there is a sharp contrast between the increasing US tendency of unilateralism and the multi-lateral cooperation as advocated by Europe,Russia and China.If China’s automobile industry continues to grow at its current rate, the country’s petroleum import volume will have exceeded 100 million tons by the end of next year.如果中国的汽车工业继续以目前的速度增长，中国的石油进口量将在明年超过1亿吨。According to the World Bank, it is estimated that the global economy will recover this year, growing as much as 2.5percent as a US rebound of probably 2.6 percent starts to pull Europe and Asia out of the sluggishness.根据世界银行的数据，据估计，全球今年经济会复苏，增长大概在2.5%-2.6%之间，开始将欧洲和亚洲经济带出低迷。In order to expand their business on China’s mainland market of 1.3 billion people, many overseas banks urge the central bank and other Chinese regulators to open China’s financial industries at a fast pace, including banking, securities, asset management and insurance.为了对中国大陆13亿人口的内地市场拓展业务，许多海外银行敦促中央银行和其他中国监管机构尽快开放中国的金融业，包括银行，证券，资产管理和保险。Oral communication skills do not only rely on vocabulary.Many British teachers have found that Chinese students attach great importance to vocabulary.But at the same time,they comment that students’ usage of words is importance in their communication.口语交际能力不仅依赖于词汇。许多英国的老师发现，中国学生重视词汇。但同时他们认为，学生在沟通中合理用词的方法也很重要。The European Union currently applies its emission standard Euro Ⅲ，a system followed by most countries in the world.It will be replaced by the Euro Ⅳ in the next few years.The EuroⅠand EuroⅡwere introduced in 1992 and 1996 respectively.欧盟目应用的排放标准欧Ⅲ，一个被世界上大多数国家采用的系统。它将在未来几年被欧Ⅳ取代。欧Ⅰ和欧Ⅱ分别在1992年和1996年出台。After almost a decade of planning and building, the Central Business District(CBD)in Beijing has become a dynamic and modern area with over 60 percent of the city’s foreign corporations, big office complexes, shopping malls and luxury apartments.在差不多十年的规划和建设后，中央商务区（CBD）在北京已经成为一个充满活力和现代的面积，有超过60%的全市外资企业，大办公楼，购物中心和豪华公寓。Among the global challenges of the 20th century , none was more important than eliminating the danger of nuclear war.Together, Russia, The United states, and other countries substantially minimized this threat and began the process of limiting unclear arsenals.在二十世纪的全球挑战中，没有比消除核战争的危险更重要的了。同时，俄罗斯、美国和其他国家都在大大减少这种威胁并开始限制不明武器。The English are a nostalgic people and value customs and traditions above almost everything.It does not seem to matter just where traditions have come from or why they have survived.They are traditions, and that is enough for them.英国人是一些怀旧的人，几乎视传统和习俗的价值高于一切。好像不太在乎这些传统是来自于哪里或者为什么留存了下来。它们是传统，这对他们来说就够了。According to government data and various estimates, man’s demand for resources has soared during the past 50 years.Scientists warn that a failure to curb man’s overuse of natural resources could send the planet into ecological bankruptcy and exhaustion.根据政府的数据和各种估计，在过去的50年，人类对资源的需求猛增。科学家警告说，不能遏制人类过度利用自然资源会让地球产生生态危机和枯竭。Hong Kong will have a gross domestic product growth of 2 percent this year due to its stronger consumer confidence and the excellent external sector led by a robust trade industry and strong tourism receipts from Chinese mainland visitors.香港今年的国民生产总值将会增长%2，由于其强大的消费者信心 Meeting together for the fifth time since 1997, the heads of the governments of 13 nations said in a joint statement that their cooperation would span trade, investment,monetary and financial coordination, technology transfer, scientific exchange, training and alleviation of poverty.自1997第五次会议以来，13个国家的政府首脑在联合声明中表示，他们的合作将跨越贸易，投资，货币和金融合作，技术转让，科技交流，培训和扶贫。The Chinese government will soon open the national urban utility market to domestic and overseas investors, which signals another round of break-up of monopolies in China following the opening up of industries such as aviation, telecommunications and electricity generation.在中国新一轮的信号拆分垄断后，将对外开放如航空业，电信和发电，中国政府将很快开放全国城市公用事业市场给国内和海外的投资者，
第二篇：口译词汇
口译词汇
Health and Diseases 卫生机构
世界卫生组织 World Health Organization 卫生部 Ministry of health 综合医院 general hospital 专科医院 specialized hospital 儿童医院 children’s hospital 产科医院 maternity hospital 整形外科医院 plastic surgery hospital 精神医院mental hospital 肿瘤医院 tumor hospital 诊所 clinic
医院科室
内科(internal)medical department 外科 surgical department 妇产科 department of gynecology and obstetrics 小儿科 pediatrics department 急诊室 emergency room 挂号处 registration office 住院处admissions office 门诊部 out-patient department/ OPD 住院部in-patient department 护理部 nursing department 手术室 operation room 病房ward 药房 pharmacy
医务人员
院长 director of the hospital 内科医生 physician 内科主任 head of physician 外科医生 surgeon 外科主任 head of surgeon 住院医生 resident doctor 主治医生 attending doctor 产科医生 obstetrician 小儿科医生 pediatrician 护士长 head nurse 实习医生 intern 救死扶伤 save the dying people and rescue the wounded
疾病
先天性疾病 congenital disease 急性病 acute disease 慢性病 chronic disease 流行病 epidemic disease 职业病 occupational disease 传染病 contagious disease 过敏 allergy
小儿麻痹症 polio 阑尾炎 appendicitis 霍乱 cholera 癌症 cancer 糖尿病 diabetes
高血压 high-blood pressure 肥胖症 obesity
支气管炎 bronchitis 哮喘 asthma 关节炎 arthritis
非典型性肺炎 SARS severe acute respiratory syndrome 流感 influenza
甲型流感 A Influenza 禽流感 bird flu
疯牛病 mad-cow disease
口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease
手足口病 had-foot-and-mouth disease 尘肺病 black lung disease 狂犬病 rabies 水痘 chickenpox 天花 smallpox 疟疾 malaria
艾滋病 AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome
治疗方法
西医 western medicine 量体温 take temperature 量血压 take blood pressure 验血 test blood 血型 blood type 胸透 chest X-ray
全身检查 general check-up 药房 prescription
开药 give sb.a prescription 口服 oral administration
外用 external use 中医Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)/ alternative 计划生育 family planning
提倡优生优育,鼓励晚婚晚育 advocate healthy pregnancy medicine 针灸 acupuncture and moxibustion 草药 herbal medicine 拔火罐 cupping 推拿 massage 气功疗法 traditional Chinese breathing exercises 中西医结合 a combination of Chinese and western medicine 保健
保健食品 health food/health-care food 药酒 medical wine/liquor 人参 ginseng 蜂王浆 royal jelly 疫苗 vaccine 鲜血 donate blood 个人卫生 personal hygiene 免疫力 immunity 治愈率 cure rate 发病率 incidence of a disease 预防为主 put prevention first
Population and family planning 常住人口 permanent population 流动人口 floating population
盲流 the unemployed migrant people 劳动力 labor force 外来工 migrant worker 临时工 seasonal worker 人口普查 census
人口基数 population base 人口稠密 densely populated 人口稀少 sparsely populated 人口爆炸 population explosion 人口过剩 overpopulation 出生率 birth rate 死亡率 mortality rate
自然增长率 natural growth rate 人口老化 aging of population 合法婚龄 legal age for marriage 结婚高峰 marriage boom 生育高峰 baby boom period
and scientific nurture, and encourage late marriage and postponed child-bearing
破除重男轻女习俗 change attitude of viewing sons as better than daughters
多子多福 the more sons, the more blessings 男尊女卑 Man is superior to woman 传宗接代 carry on the family line
养儿防老 bring up sons to support parents in their old age 避孕 contraception
避孕用品 contraceptives 人工流产 abortion 节育 birth control 产妇 lying-in women
婚前检查 premarriage health checkings 孕产妇死亡率 maternal mortality rate 婴儿死亡率 infant mortality rate
节育率（避孕率）contraceptive prevalence rate 总和生育率 total fertility rate(tfr)平均预期寿命 life expectancy at birth
每年人口增加数 annual increment of the population 人口基数大 large population base
平均年增长数 average annual increase 平均年增长率 average annual growth rate 城市化 urbanization
人口流动 movement of population 流动人口 floating population
人口老龄化 the aging of population 更替水平population replacement level 社会保障体系 social security system
农村剩余劳力的转移 the transfer of rural surplus labors 正规的学校教育 formal school education
到去年年末，中国人口已达到11亿8千5百万，比上一年净增长1346万。By the end of last year, the Chinese population had reached 1,185 million, a net increase of 13.34 million from a year ago.计划生育政策符合中国国情，符合整个国家的利益。The family control policy suits China’s basic conditions and serves the interests of the whole nation.sixth nationwide population census 第六次全国人口普查 door-to-door interviews/door-to-door household survey 入户摸底调查
census enumerators 人口普查员 confidentiality agreements 保密协议
Beijing permanent residency/hukou 北京市常住户口 household register 户口登记簿 temporary residence permit 暂住证
local permanent residence permit 长期居住证 mobile population流动人口 aging of population 人口老龄化 demographic dividend 人口红利
rural left-behind population 农村留守人口 urban population 城镇人口 rural population 农村人口
functional population zones人口功能区 birth rate/natality rate 出生率 births 出生人数 birth peaks 出生高峰 mortality rate 死亡率
general mortality rate 总死亡率 infant mortality rate 婴儿死亡率
sex-age-specific death rate 分性别年龄死亡率 mean age at death平均死亡年龄 average length of life平均寿命 natural growth 人口自然增长
NPG(negative population growth)人口负增长 ZPG(zero population growth)人口零增长 annual growth rate 年增长率
average annual rate of growth平均年增长率 vital index 出生死亡比例 vital statistics 人口统计
age-sex composition 年龄性别组成 age structure 年龄结构 age group 年龄组
expectation of life平均预期寿命
rejuvenation of population 人口年轻化 sex ratio 性比率
sampling survey 抽样调查 random sampling 随机抽样 questionaire 调查表 place of birth 出生地 date of birth 出生日期 sampling error 抽样误差 migration 迁居
emigration 迁出、移居国外 immigration 迁入、移居入境 migrant 移民
internal migration 国内迁移 migration rate 迁移率
Education and Talents
School Personal and organs
小学一、二年级学生 a primary school student in Grade One/ a second-grade pupil
中学初
一、高三学生 a(secondary school)student in Junior One/ Senior Three
一年级大学生 freshman 二年级大学生 sophomore 三年级大学生 junior student 四年级大学生 senior student
研究生 a graduate student/ a postgraduate student 向某人授予学位 confer a degree on sb.走读生 a day student/ a non-resident student 应届毕业生 graduating student 学生会 the students’ union
班主任 the teacher in charge of the class/ the Head Teacher of the class
访问学者 a visiting scholar 硕士生导师 tutor
博士生导师 supervisor/ adviser 院士 academician
两院院士 academician of Chinese Academy of Science and Chinese Academy of Engineering
School activities
教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people
学生交付 alleviate/ lighten the burden of the students 教学大纲 the reaching program/ syllabus 批改学生的卷子 to correct students’ papers 期中考试 the mid-term exam
我们语法测试了 We took a test in/ on grammar.口试、笔试 oral exam/ written exam 给考卷打分 to mark the papers
他正忙于毕业设计、写论文 He is busy with his graduation project/ paper
文凭、毕业证书 a diploma/ a graduation certificate 学生证 the student’s identity card 补考 make-up exam
学校纪律 school discipline
奖状、奖励证书 a certificate merit 他旷了一节课 He cut a class.他逃学 He cut school.他被学校开除了 He was expelled from school.他擅自旷课 He was absent from school without leave.给他一个警告处分 give him a disciplinary warning 学费，书费 tuition/ money spent on books
Schools, universities and subjects 托儿所 a nursery 幼儿园 a kindergarten 北大附中 Middle School attached/ affiliated to Peking University 大专 a junior college 高等院校 institutions of higher education/ higher learning 重点、非重点大学 a key/ a non-key university 成人夜校 a night school/ an evening school for adults 函授学校 a correspondence school 远程教育 distance education/learning 专升本 upgrade from associate degree to bachelor’s degree 中等专业学校 a secondary specialized school 技工学校 a technical school 职业学校 a vocational school 普及初等、中等教育 achieve universal primary/ secondary education 义务教育 compulsory school 聋哑学校 a school for deaf-mutes 幼儿师范学校 a school for kindergarten teachers 护士学校 a nursing school 舞蹈学校 a dancing school 戏剧学校 a drama school 文科大学 universities of liberal arts 理工科大学 universities of science and engineering 必修课 compulsory class 选修课 optional/ elective class 招生简章 prospectus/ enrolment catalogue 准考证 exam admission card
Hot issues in educations 普及九年制义务教育 make the nine-year compulsory education universal 民办学校 schools run by non-governmental sectors 自学考试 examination for self-taught students 学分制 credit system 应试教育 exam-oriented education
素质教育 quality-oriented education 实践能力 practical ability
大学生创业 university students start up their own business 自费留学 self-funded study abroad
海外留学人员 Chinese students and scholars studying abroad
托福热降温了 the TOEFL fever has cooled down.考研 take part in the entrance examination for graduate/ postgraduate schools
考研热 craze for graduate school
大专生 a junior college student;associate-degree student 在职博士生 an on-the-job doctorate
硕博连读 a continuous academic project involves postgraduate and doctoral study
同等学力 have the same educational level 双学位 double degree
特困生 the most needy student
担任系学生会干部 serve as an official of the departmental school union
担任校学生会宣传部部长 be the Head of the Publicity Department of the university’s student union
通过大学英语四级考试 pass the College English Test Band 4
获六级证书 obtain a certificate of CET-6
被评为“三好学生” be cited as “three-good student” 获三等奖学金 be awarded the third-class scholarship 召开家长会 to hold a parent-teacher meeting
双向选择 two-way selection(with employers and graduating students choosing each other in a job market)
世界观，人生观，价值观 world outlook/ outlook on life/ outlook on values
陶冶情操 cultivate taste and temperament
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude 知识经济 knowledge economy 知识密集 knowledge intensive 伪科学 pseudo-science
招生就业指导办公室 enrollment and vocation guidance office
人才流失 brain drain
人才交流 talents exchange 职业培训 job training
211工程 211 Project for higher education
科教兴国 rejuvenate China through science and education 复合型人才 inter-disciplinary talent 勤工助学 work-study 师资力量 the quality of teaching staff 品学兼优 excellent in character and learning
经济类
1.出租车起步价 flag down fare 2.法定准备金率 required reserve ratio 3.实体经济 real economy 虚拟经济 fictitious economy 4.反盗版 anti-piracy
知识产权 intellectual property rights 5.出口退税 tax rebates
人民币升值 the yuan’s appreciation 6.信贷紧缩 credit crunch
次贷危机 subprime mortgage rate 最优惠贷款利率 prime rate 7.经济适用房 economically affordable house 8.安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents 9 住房保障制度 housing security system 10.大宗交易系统 block trading system 竞价交易系统 bid trading system 11.暴利税 windfall tax 12.从紧的货币政策 tight monetary policy 13.宽松的货币政策 easy monetary policy 14.审慎的财政政策 prudent fiscal policy 15.油价飙升 oil prices surge 16.原油价飙升 crude oil prices surge 17.石油输出国组织 organization of the petroleum exporting countries(OPEC)18.原油储备 crude oil stockpiles 19.轻质原油 light sweet crude 20.使人均GDP翻两番 to quadruple per capita GDP 21.股权收购、股权投资 stake purchase;take stakes 22.房屋中介 letting agent 保险经纪人 insurance agent 地产经纪人 estate agent 23.直销 direct selling 传销 pyramid selling 24.吃回扣 to take/receive/get kickback 25.洗钱 money laundering 26.透支 overdraft 27.股市牛年 bullish year 28.上市子公司 listed subsidiary
29.海关税收 customs revenue 30.税收减免 tax break 31.货币升值 revaluation
32.货币经纪人 money broker 33.起征点 cutoff point 34.暴发户；新贵 upstart
35.养老保险 endowment insurance 36.解雇金 severance pay 37.勾销债款 write off 38.职员总数 headcount 39.逃税 tax evasion
40.公开募款 initial public offering
41.战略石油储备 strategic petroleum reserve 42.基准点，衡量标准 benchmark 43.出口补贴 export subsidy 44.反托拉斯 anti—trust
45.资产负债表 balance sheet 46.货存，库存量 inventory 47.反倾销 antidumping
48.不足，赤字，差额 shortfall
49.美国联邦储备系统 Federal Reserve 50.资本净值 net worth
香炉 incense burner 八仙桌 square table
王母娘娘 the Queen of Heaven 银河 the Milky Way
因公殉职 perish in the line of duty 药检；兴奋剂检查 doping test 压力锅 pressure cooker
终点裁判员 finishing [placing] judge 救生衣 life vest
泄洪 release flood waters 代理市长 acting mayor 枪支管控 gun control 搁浅 run aground 马赛克 digital mosaic
第三篇：口译学习心得
学习口译的小结
学习口译课程的收获：
口译课程对于我们是一个全新的挑战，初接触时觉得过程甚是艰难。经过一个学期的学习与磨合，我在听译方面能的能力有了些提高，虽然事实上还只是知道了些皮毛而已。
从口译的基本理论知识上，明白了什么是口译、口译的特点、口译的类型等等；从课堂上的练习上，听辨信息能力、辨音能力也得到了提高；从老师教授的学习方法上，明白了如何进行口译记忆与记录口译笔记等。所授所学十分的丰富，可实际的接受能力又是因人而异的。
个人在口译学习上的问题：
首要的问题是听力，这是我的弱项之一。课堂一直都在训练，毕竟时间有限。知道这只能是个人的问题。老师也只能耳提面命，要加强这方面的训练呀。因此也常常觉得对老师有种愧疚感。
第二，记忆方面。听的时候，脑子要记，笔头也要记。对于手脑平衡思维不够的，还真是个大麻烦。
第三，则是翻译。在听的时候，所有接受到的信息，需要在短时间安内经过逻辑思维，以清晰的语言组织出来。这需要有较好的母语表达能力以及广博的知识。总而言之，这是个复杂的过程。口译对口译工作者的要求很高。扎实的语言基础、较强的记忆力、较好的表达能力、良好的心理素质等都是口译员应该具备的素质。
建议；
一、避免制造紧张的氛围，因为会导致同学们的思维混乱，口齿不清。也需要提高同学们的心理素质。
二、可以设置口译模拟。让同学们互相合作。在犯错误的过程中，我们会学会思考，进而容易接受。
作为个人，也许将来我不是从事口译员的工作，我相信今天所学的知识在潜移默化中对我是很有助益的。在今后，我会加强对自身的管理，为将来的可能口译机会做准备。
谢谢老师！
第四篇：口译学习方法
各位大家好
我就是jacky，那个帖子《我如何用一年考上欧盟口译司》一文的作者。我一直都想把这种系统的方法能够通过一个很好的方式传递给其他人，让更多的人找到梦想，发现真谛。所以，我和朋友们一起集中智慧，起草了下面的这个操作的原则和程序，算作是一次大型的免费口译培训，希望你能够看懂，如果有什么问 题，可以回帖，如果没有，就可以直接开始了，一共六个月的进程，如果你能严格执行下来，考上二级口译应该没问题 1 分为6个不同的阶段，也就是6个月，到什么阶段，达到什么程度 2 在论坛上法帖，监督自己学习，也接受别人的监督，3 完成了一个阶段，给负责人发邮件，才可以收到下一阶段的学习指示，所以大家必须要学习后在论坛上发帖，证明你每天都在学习，我们的方法，只能提供给真正热爱的朋友。4 办一个经验口译员解答专栏。稍候我们会开通这个服务 7 有关学习的具体进程：
第一个月: 模仿新闻1h + 新闻精听 2h 基本上听新闻同类话题可以大致理解
第二个月：（该月学习计划将在前一个计划结束后给你）新闻听力一次准确理解大约50-60%，语言能力得到增长，语音有所转变
第三个月：（该月学习计划将在前一个计划结束后给你）新闻听力一次准确理解大约70-80%，基本上达到语言的运用有了一定积累，新闻听力一次准确理解大约80-90%，语言运用比较正规，能够用新闻和标准的语言来表述一些复杂论点，开始笔记练习
第五个月:（该月学习计划将在前一个计划结束后给你）新闻听力进入快速阶段，越来越好。语言能力继续提升，笔记基本上能够纪录短时间的文章
第六个月：（该月学习计划将在前一个计划结束后给你）新闻听力达到接近2倍速，语言运用比较完整，笔记基本上能够应付一般场合可以参加二级口译考试，并且通过（严格按照所说的程序的情况下）。其中1h，2h，均指一个小时，或者两个小时，也就是每次学习时间长度，每天的学习内容是一定的，但是具体什么时候，这个可以自由安排
请大家注意，如果你真地想要紧紧依靠在线学习成功的话，请务必按照我们的步骤来做，这些都是我实践之后得出的一些规律，希望大家不要倒行逆施。你每天都必须要写每一个涉及学习项目的心得，否则的话，我们认为你没有在学习。
各个学习课程的具体程序，以下程序都可在电脑上完成，并且建议使用其中提到的标准表格，所以最好能够有个便携式电脑：
标准表格下载：
每日精听具体程序,时间120：
一）下载新闻资料（包括文本和音频）
如果你没有问题了，就可以开始踏上自己孤独的征服口译的历程了！！
进入第一个阶段：
第一个月: 模仿新闻1h + 新闻精听 2h + 实用英语口译教程 1h篇二：口译学习方法 if youre just beginning to explore interpretation as a career choice, the first thing you need to know is that with simultaneous interpretation, youre multitasking like crazy.you listen to what the speaker says, wait a second or two, interpret what they said while at the same time listen to what the speaker says next and remember that so you can interpret that segment correctly when youre done with the current one your working on!thats why a simultaneous interpreter needs at least a 5 minute break for every hour of interpretation.so in order to improve your skills, you need to be able to multitask on a high level.the very first step then is to do something called shadowing.shadowing is repeating what the speaker says word for word in the same language.this will get you used to maintaining the correct delay and will help you listen to what the speaker says while repeating what he/she has just said.the next step is to add another element while your shadowing.this can be something simple like bouncing a ball to yourself or drawing a simple picture while youre shadowing.what this does is get your brain used to doing multiple things at once.the goal is to get to where youre doing things on a subconscious level because if you have to think while you interpret, youll be dead in the water.finally, when you can do multiple things while shadowing(in both languages), its time to add in the actual interpretation.it is a jump to go from shadowing to full-fledged interpretation, but the shadowing part is necessary to help you get a feel for the super-linguistic phenomenon youll encounter in the actual interpretation, such as the speed of different speakers, how much you can delay, and endurance.the great thing about practicing simultaneous interpretation is that you can do it anywhere.while youre driving, tune your radio to talk radio and shadow what the host and callers say.while exercising with your ipod, listen to some podcasts and practice shadowing or interpreting what is being said.shadowing while exercising is definitely multitasking!just remember that even though interpretation is difficult, it is a skill that can be learned after a lot of practice, so if youre willing to stick to it, you will reach your goals.as part of our degree training, we did a couple of interpreter training exercises to get a feel for what it was like to interpret.when we did our training, we would go into a small room, listen to a speech played back on a cassette tape, and use that tape to do whatever exercise we were supposed to do that day, whether it was shadowing, or interpreting(or in my case, a sad, sad excuse for interpreting).the one thing about the tapes, though, was that they were cumbersome.it was hard finding the right spot, you couldnt easily go back and go over a spot you wanted to try again, and it was difficult if you wanted to record yourself trying to interpret because that meant you had to deal with two tapes.well, luckily, the internet(and technology in general)has given interpreters some more convenient tools for simultaneous interpreter training.now you dont have to go to a separate room somewhere and use specialized equipment to at least find out if interpreting is something that you like to do or get more advanced training in.as you can see in the video below, the nearly 9 minute-long press conference is entirely in spanish.简历：外交部翻译室
为美国总统奥巴马及米歇尔、副总统丹奎尔/马来西亚总理纳吉/新加坡总理/英国王子/成思危/曾培炎/数十位中外部长大使/萨马兰奇/罗格/朗朗/以及芮成钢、王小丫等主持的大型活动做过同传；曾为北京奥组委近30场新闻发布会做同传；担任广州2010年亚运会50多场决赛赛后新闻发布会口译（与日英、韩英、俄英、阿英译员进行接力交传）。(我对这两个问题的理解。特贴于此，希望对学习口译的朋友有所帮助。问1.一篇材料应该练到什么程度才算是过关？
学生：我比较倾向于细化。常常巴不得把一篇材料中涉及的所有背景知识弄明白，把所有的词汇都列出来，甚至还会对比较难的文章进行翻译，觉得只有这样做才会心安。但这样一来，进度就会非常慢。而且一篇翻译过的文章应该就不再适合同传练习了，因为我已经知道讲者的内容，没有新鲜感了。有人认为可先同传一遍，听自己的录音，然后再对文本进行交传。但是有时吃得太透不被鼓励。我现在的搭档非常非常刻苦，这对我来说是一件求之不得的事情，但是这位同学似乎更注重于练习时间的长度与材料的篇数，而对准确度要求不太高。在这个程度的把握上，我有些不知所措。
汤的理解： 1.没有任何一点疑问了才算过关，也就是100%吃透。这样要求看似不合理，实际是必须的，尽管有难度。试想：真正的口译现场千变万化的、无法预测讲话具体内容和讨论边界，各种知识永远不够用。是不是？所以平时练习应该做到都搞透，自己上网、搭档互助、请教老师（注意：知识面的东西，像海洋，往往老师也不能当面给你答案，所以要在实在无法获得答案的情况下再请教老师，并给老师解答的时间，比如给其发邮件，老师解决问题的经验丰富，他或她也可以请教其同事好友，或查阅相关网络或资料，最终也许能给你解答。总之不篇三：中级口译相关学习方法
中级口译考试笔试题型分值一栏 发布时间：2006年8月21日
中级口译考试笔试项目一览表（及格分：150）卷别 序号 题号 1-20 1 第一 阶段 1-7 c: listening translation 主观听译 7 30 12 项目名称 听力 a：spot dictation 题型 忠实填空
题数 计分 20 30 比重 % 36 12 40 时间(分钟)2 3 4 合计
英译汉 汉译英
单选 主观翻译 主观翻译 30 1 1 89 60 50 50 250 24 20 20 100 50 30 30 150 中级口译考试口试项目一览表（主观判断及格分）
卷别 序号 题号 第二 阶段 1 2 1 1-16 项目名称 口语 口译
题型 主观 主观
题数 1 16 考试时间（分钟）
:1.下个月上旬也就是2009年3月14日，我要参加上海市中级口译笔试部份的考试。听力我想问题不大，现在我也在听写“中口”的听力资料。阅读有些问题，我明显感到时间不够而且看得有些一知半解，错误率挺高。它的要求是在五十分钟内读6篇文章，平均下来一篇也就留给考生8分钟左右的时间，而且篇幅很长词汇量也挺多的。
虽然special english的文章很简单没什么难度，但平时我也会买一份shanghai daily 看看，里面的文章也挺好理解的。可为什么“中口”里的文章看得却令人发晕，或许是里面存在着许多“因、转、并、比”的逻辑关系。在您的讲座中强调阅读也要一字一字“抠”，力求字字懂，句句懂。可考试只有五十分钟，时间不允许啊！另外新东方教口译的老师推荐的一种方法是：选重点的读。也就是跳过“分词在句首的句子、引语、插入语、例子„..”，只读专家的话，转折强调词以后的句子„..。对此我就比较困惑了，阅读到底该怎么“读”，您能否帮我指点一下。2.“中口”考试中汉译英的考题都是些政治性很强的文章，如：“我国首次月球探测工程的成功，实现了中华民族的千年奔月梦想，并开始了中国人走向深空探索宇宙奥秘的时代，标志着我国已经进入世界具有探测能力的国家行列。这是我国推进自主创新、建设创新型国家取得的又一标志性成果，是中华民族在攀登世界科技高峰征程上实现的又一历史性跨越，是中华民族为人类和平并发利用外层空间作出的又一重大贡献。全体中华儿女都为我们伟大祖国取得的这一辉煌成就感到骄傲和自豪！”我现在的水平只能背一背special english里的文章，让我翻上述这段文字确实有些困难。怎么办呢？我该如何准备？（提问者：应届毕业生网友，提问时间:2009年03月30日）
答: 长篇巨制的问题，问得好不辛苦！呵呵 做阅读是很泛泛的了，建立在一定英语水平上才谈得上“技巧”，首先，从应试的角度，不需要也不可能看通每篇文章。时间有限，先看题目，然后略读全文，把握主旨，然后到文中找关键字，重点读和问题相关的句子，其他的只好扫一眼过去了。如果像你分析的那样“精读”，恐怕15分钟也搞不定。至于翻译，更是与语言基础相关，中级口译，翻译并不难的，所以你记住，表达出意思，基本分就有了。政治类经济类的也不难，你会背书，为什么不看翻译书，那本书上尽是这些与时俱进，开拓创新之类的套话，背出来，问题就解决了。中级口译不会让你翻译类似文言文的，最重要的意
思表达出来，要想翻译得高分，比听力阅读难得多了。长难句如果翻译有困难，把它拆开，平时要留心英语中老长的句子，多加分析，很快自己就会翻译的。好吧，加油吧。祝你好运
推荐：
重点阅读editorial和feature这种文体，文体特点：实效性、争议性
杂志national geographic 电子光盘discovery 看盘的方法：听原声看英文字幕 口试有一定难度，首先你要加强自己的口语和听力能力，这点是硬的，谁都没办法给你提供捷径。
然后，你要会速记。因为音带速度很快，一些关键性的词语很容易漏掉而因此失分，很不值。这里有一点很重要，你要学会提炼关键词，把没用的句子剔除。不然时间会来不及的。最后，就是口译词汇的背诵了，因为和常用词汇不同，比较官方。所以，一定要事先有一定的词汇量，这样才不怕听不懂，说不出。
我就是这么学口译的，至于有什么书么。一个是 梅德明教授的教材是最关键的，还有昂立的中口必备是不错的参考书，建议你去买一本看看。希望我的回答能给你的学习有所帮助！！
多练,听原版英语,做真题.第一，去学一点简单的速记 第二，多听多翻多练。
第三，全方面提高自己的英语水平，比如多看英文报纸，原版碟等等。推荐：shanghai star，轻松有趣的一份报纸
把那本口译书背出来，我就是这么过的。
其它回答(3)多练,听原版英语,做真题.第一，去学一点简单的速记 第二，多听多翻多练。
第三，全方面提高自己的英语水平，比如多看英文报纸，原版碟等等。推荐：shanghai star，轻松有趣的一份报纸
把那本口译书背出来，我就是这么过的。
准备四本教材《中级口语教程》，《中级翻译教程》，《中级口译教程》，《中级听力教程》，将上面所有的词汇全都背上，课文最好也能背上，考试前2个月写真题，中级挺好过的，祝你考个好成绩！
笔译部分的话，将需要买的那几本书看一看，其中听力要多练练，特别是听译句子和段落，翻译那本书比较不错，要精读，如果你底子还不错的话，估计就差不多了，口译要等笔试过了才报名，到时候在准备吧！加油，好运！
中级口译口试该如何准备？
本文作者：汪亮 悄无声息间，上海中高级口译考试迎来了第十二个年头，而这十二年也见证了口译考试从最初的不为人所知，到普遍接受，再到如今 ” 满城尽报中高口 ” 热潮的点点滴滴。从历年中级口译第二部分的考试情况来看，难度逐年加大。这种难度不仅仅反映在单词，句型的复杂程度，而且反映在句子的长度上。此外，考试中对于考生需要掌握的背景知识的深度也是 2000 年之前难以想象的。下面，笔者就结合在上海新东方中级口译班上的教学经验，针对如何备考 2007 年口译第二阶段口试给广大考生提一些建议，希望能够对大家有所帮助。第二阶段口试共分两部分。一是三分钟的英语命题口语，二是四段口译：二段英译中、二段中译英。第一部分，即三分钟口语，要求考生用英文表达自己对于所给题目的观点，要求观点清晰，论据充足，表达流利，语法正确。从考试的普遍情况来看，说不满三分钟是很多考生最终失败的主要原因。其根源就在于考生平时忽视了对于这个部分的练习，总以为考前背几个主题方面的句子或者段落就可以解决问题。其实不然。因为口语的内容五花八门，包罗万象，不是简简单单背几个段落就可以的。这需要考生平时长期系统的口语练习。
笔者拙见，考生首先应扩充自己的知识面，尽量能够多阅读报刊，杂志，多听多看新闻，把握住最新的时事动态。原因很明显，第二部分口试对于时事的考核是非常多的，很多考生其实有不错的词汇量和口语表达能力，但是由于对某个主题，尤其是自己平时不太熟悉的主题缺乏了解，导致在考试中出现无话可说的窘境，而其结果只能是和两位考官“相顾无言，惟有泪千行。”与其考前临时抱佛脚，不如平时苦炼内功。考生可以每天准备一个主题，按照论点，论据，论证，结论的步骤来进行阐述，尽量控制在三分钟以内。一般来说，一个月之内，就会得到初步的效果。实际上，在考试中，只要考生能够流利的用英语对一个主题表达一分到一分二十秒钟的时间就已经足够了。篇四：初级口译学习方法
初级口译学习方法 佳域通翻译公司提供
毋庸置疑，学好英语是非常有重要的，而能够说英语才是最终目的，译网天下总结了一下初级口译的学习方法，给初级口译学员提供一点参考。
第一、模拟
模拟是最好的提供口语能力的方法之一，通过多模拟电影、电视或以英语为母语的人的语音和语调来提高自己的口语能力。
第二、朗读
要想提高口语能力，一定要大声的把英文读出来，而且要带有意识的去模拟母语朗读也可以说是第二模拟，所以也需要有意识地以磁带里的语音、语调去朗读。在朗读时，可以把自己的声音录下来，认真听一听，并进行比较，找出差距，发现自己的弱点。
第三、复述
复述是在模拟、朗读之后的一个再创作的过程，它比背诵要难。可以尽量用自己的话复述朗读、听过的或阅读过的，也可以完全摆脱原文，组织、创作材料内容。对于程度较差的人，可以先复述原文的中心思想，一句、两句话即可。然后，由少至多。复述是在没有人对话的情况下提高口语最有效的途径之一。
第四、背诵
练习口语不免背诵一些东西，但很多人不喜欢背诵。不过，背诵一些名篇偶是非常有必要的.基础较差的人一定要背诵一些常用的句型和表达方式。
第五，坚持用英语写日记。用英语写日记无论是对提高口语还是提高英语其他方面的能力都是一个行之有效的好方法
毋庸置疑，学好英语是非常有重要的，而能够说英语才是最终目的，译网天下总结了一下初级口译的学习方法，给初级口译学员提供一点参考。篇五：无敌英语口译学习方法
用一年时间从六级水平到考上欧盟口译司！gre词汇竟然六小时背一遍！un 和美国白宫会议变成2倍速度做泛听 基本一次听懂！发现2.5倍速是人听力速度反弹极限 目前在练习！我们还有多少借口继续堕落呢？？？ 来源： 曹圣瞾的日志
请大家别再留言了 别再加我好友了 太多网友我就看不到自己朋友的新鲜事了！喜欢的话就分享吧！谢谢大家了！很多人喜欢我转载的文章 来加我好友 其实我文章为了分享给更多人都是所有人可见 所以不加我也可以在主页看到的！
我的网名叫做jacky，大学在青岛市念书，4年，中国海洋大学的计算机科学与技术。我并不象很多人那样关注现在的流行，超级女声，快乐男声，加油！好男儿，李宇春，张靓颖或者周笔畅，我甚至可能也不知道谁是全国7进6，8进7，我可能还不知道有关满城尽带黄金甲，巩俐和章子怡的最新消息，可是我却知道第六轮六方会谈的结果，我也知道中国暴雨洪灾的后果，受灾地区，我还有着一段值得人驻足的一段经历。
毕业之后工作两年，辞职孤单一人来到北京准备考研。
当初准备的是北外的高翻学院，也就是大家俗称的同传专业。但是那时候除了看的是同传的高薪之外，还有自己提高自己的英语水平。
我一开始，英语程度也就是6级，但是经常锻炼口语，所以交流很流畅。这是我惟一的优势，其他的，没有工作，计算机专业，看来都不是什么好事情。可是我有着很多人没有的一样东西。那就是坚定的毅力。这样是我后来能够成功被录取的最重要的一点。
从那年1月开始，我认真准备，但是当时对于高翻没有清晰的概念，所以很幼稚的觉得，把一套新东方推荐的60篇文章背诵下来，然后背诵gre词汇就可以解决问题了。结果，大概一个月之后，发现语言运用能力的确有所提高，但是要是参加考试远远不够，因为那时候开始接触<经济学家>，发现根本看不懂。于是在网络上疯狂的搜索和高翻相关的内容，论坛，网站，blog等等，也开始获得了大量的信息。其中几个重要的网站在这里推荐一下： 如果你想要找一个最综合的口译资料资源练习方法的网站，就去这里看看
（口译天下/）如果你要考北外，那么究一定要经常到北外专门的校内网去看看最新的消息，还有很多牛人在哪里发帖，北外星光： /）
这些是主要的一些论坛，接下来我说自己的努力过程的时候会提高他们的用处
为了能够清晰明了的说明我自己的努力过程，我把自己针对每一个考试所必需掌握的技能，进行的练习列出来：
英语基础------中英互译新概念3，4册，新东方精选60篇文章，张培基散文50篇，实用口译教程全部，现代汉英口译教程，现代汉英口译教程练习册，然后熟练背诵，这一共7本书！其实还有很多其他的我背诵了只有2-3遍的，就不想提了。这些书腰背诵至少3-4遍，我自己背诵了大概有10遍左右，之后总结当中重要的，自己不熟练的句型，词组等等，要针对自己。
听力------这个是我自己感到最重要的，为了锻炼听力，我找到了普特论坛，并且严格的每天跟着一起训练，方法大家都可以在论坛上找到。每天听写bbc，因为voa太简单，大概一个月左右就可以完全听懂。所以我一直坚持精听bbc直到那年9月份，我找到了一个软件，可以把音频变速，叫做nv player，大家搜索，可以找到并且免费下载，其他的软件我也尝试了，但是基本上都还是声音会失真，但是这个软件只会加快速度，声音不会失真。之后我开始把bbc变速听，变到1。1，1。2，，，最后倒了2倍速，你听起来这个变速可能没有什么大不了的，但是当你真正的用这个软件开始听的时候，才发现，就算是从1。1跳到1。2你都会有很多东西突然间就听不懂了，与此同时，我还每天下载联合国网站的会议现场和白宫的会议现场，不断的变速听，而且普特论坛上又各种各样的材料共我选择，我也在不断的精听，精练，倒了10月，我开始精听bbc2倍速，同时开始了我正式的同传练习，是的，我已经可以进行同传了，不过都是同传un的现场，还有白宫的现场，每天都是一个小时左右，大概过了一个月，我开始同传voa新闻，新闻的同传，在同传界是一个忌讳，也就是说没有人去做新闻同传，因为信息集中，密度大，速度太快，挑战太大，但是我很勇敢的接受了挑战，并且开始坚持每天同传新闻，因为我发现un会议和美国白宫的会议太简单了，我每天都会把un 和美国白宫的会议现场变成2倍速来做泛听，基本上一次就可以听懂了。新增国内会外会议视频下载---联合国，白宫，英国议会，中国国家新闻办公室
后来我曾经尝试一次在安南进行的联合国的演讲录像，直接进行同传，基本上对我来说就是放慢镜头！每次听2倍速的作用就显现出来了，因为最后我发现基本上90%的安南演讲内容我都同传出来了。在此期间，我不但坚持锻炼同传新闻voa，并且开始尝试加速同传，也就是把新闻变速到1。3倍速同传，这个的确非常又难度，但是我还是克服了，这需要很多的勇气还有毅力，很多人会问我，你怎么又这样的动力，我说，他们都源自我的梦想，一个心中的梦想，希望能够成为一个语言运用自如的人，运用自己的天分非常自如的人。于是，渐渐的，我到了12月份，已经可以同传voa新闻的1。5倍速了，这个是非常难的，因为速度很快，而你有必须要同时传译，但是这些都造就了我非凡的反映速度，还有我稳定的心理素质，因为，现在我听人们说话，就真的好像在放慢镜头一般。而且12月份的时候我也开始同传cnn，也是1。5倍速，以及npr，但是bbc我还从来没有尝试过，因为bbc我一直都留给自己做每天的精听 在后来，voa的同传我就变速倒了1。7倍速了，但是这已经是今年的事情了。
第五篇：口译考试
3.2中国酒店
中国的酒店按照星级标准划分为一级、二级和三级酒店。
五星级和大多数的四星级酒店属于一级酒店。一级酒店的客房配备了全套浴室，冰箱，电话以及卫星电视。这些酒店都拥有可以通过中央空调设备调节气温的遥控。其他由酒店提供的附属设施包括如商务中心、会议设施、美容室、桑拿浴室、外汇和保龄球中心、迪斯科舞厅、游泳池、健身馆、饭店、咖啡厅、购物中心以及酒吧等，全天24小时开放。
二级酒店大致包括三星级酒店和一些二星级酒店。其客房设施和服务没有达到一级酒店的标准。不过，旅游团通常更乐意选择住二级酒店。
说到设施和服务，三级酒店看起来跟西方国家的汽车旅馆差不多。这些三级酒店的硬件设施自然比起那些二级酒店来是要差一些。但是，这些酒店的费用只需低于二级酒店价格的一半的价格。因此，也广受游客的喜欢。
3.3 史蒂夫 福布斯谈《福布斯》
我祖父20世纪初来到美国。他离开英格兰时身上没什么钱。连他在内兄弟姐妹10人，不过他自小就受到很好的教育。像许多人一样，他也是满怀憧憬和理想来到美国的。他创办了《福布斯》杂志，报道那些实干家，那些改变商业社会的人。
我祖父常说，做生意不是堆积百万财富，而是为带来幸福快乐。如今我们讲到公司、经营，文章中会用到许多数字，但焦点一直放在人上面。对公司来说，最重要的是人，而不是资产负债表。以前我祖父是这样看的，我们现在也是这样看的。
当前的世界信息泛滥，足以将人淹没，人们迫切需要一本刊物来解读这些信息，告诉读者哪些重要，哪些不重要。这就是《福布斯》的价值所在。我们提供额外的视角和判断。我们从不停留于表面，总想看看公司到底是如何经营的，正是当今芜杂繁多的信息使得《福布斯》日益重要。
3.4 Introduction to an arts and crafts company
Distinguished guests, dear friends,I feel honored to have this opportunity to introduce our company to you through the platform provided by this conference.Founded 15 years ago, we are a company specializing in the design, manufacture and sales of handicrafts.Fifteen years ago our staff numbered 50;now the figure is 1,700.Fifteen years ago we rented a facility covering a floor space of 4,500 square meters;now our own facility covers a floor space of 24,000 square meters.These figures speak loudly and clearly of our success.Our leading products are various architectural exotic European cathedrals, the Empire State Building, the White House, and the Pentagon in the U.S., along with cartoon animal toys and Christmas gifts with a variety of designs.Our designs have become trend setters in the industry.Nowadays, our products are sold worldwide in more than twenty countries including Japan, Singapore, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, America, the UK, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Germany.They are well received by both local importers and customers.For fifteen years our output value has manifested an annual growth rate of 30%.4.4 Preserve core values of the Lunar New Year
To people of Chinese descent around the world, the Lunar New Year(also called Spring Festival)is undoubtedly the most important festival of the year.Dating back 3,000 years, it celebrates the passing of a peaceful year and welcomes a new year.The reunion dinner, eaten on New Year’s Eve, is the most special, with members of the extended family gathering for the most significant meal of the year.Even the absent members will endeavor to return home in time for it.It underscores the supreme importance of the family in Chinese culture, and aims at strengthening the sense of togetherness and cohesion.The way people celebrate the New Year embodies two important core values.The first value is the sense of family togetherness;members of multi-generation families are all there to have a big reunion dinner.Everyone will follow this custom.The female members are always held responsible for preparing the dinner, and some rich families may take on extra hands.The second value lies in the happy visits mutually made between friends and relatives, a good way to strengthen kinship and friendship.However, economic development has resulted in some changes in lifestyles.After a busy year, people are tired of preparing for the reunion dinner, and would rather hold their reunion dinner in posh restaurants, despite the exorbitant costs.The festival door-to door visits have given way to New Year greetings via telephone or text messages.Some families even go to such extremes as to travel and seek temporary refuge in a hotel so as to avoid being visited.Some tradition-minded people regard the reunion dinner and visits to relatives and close friends during the New Year as core values, without which the holiday would lose much of its significance.Some pessimists contend that, as the popularity of western culture grows, Chinese traditional festivals gradually lose their original meaning and degenerate into commercial festivals like Christmas.The Spring Festival is an important part of the Chinese cultural heritage, and it will continue to be celebrated.The modes of celebration may change, but the core value should be sustained: that of respect for kinship and friendship.5.2 游览白宫
两百多年来，白宫作为美国总统、美国政府以及美国人民的标志一直屹立在那里。和这个国家的首都的历史一样，白宫的历史开始于1790年12月。华盛顿总统和城市设计师皮埃尔·雷芬一起选择该址作为新的居住地，即现在的宾夕法尼亚大街1600号。
1792年10月，当第一块奠基石造好的时候，白宫的建设就开始了。尽管华盛顿总统监督了白宫的建设，但是他从未入主白宫。直到1800年，也就是白宫临近竣工的时候，第一位入主者约翰·亚当斯总统和他的妻子阿比盖尔搬进了白宫。从那以后，每位入主白宫的总体都会改变原有的装潢或摆设，使得白宫以新面貌出现。
白宫有着极其独特和引人注目的历史。1814年，白宫曾被付之一炬。1929年，白宫的西翼也曾被纵火。白宫的内部全部修复过。尽管如此，其外围石墙就是两百多年前白宫建成时建造的。
在星期二至星期六这段时间的上午，白宫是全面开放的。而星期天和星期一，则不对外开放。所有在白宫内的旅游观光都是免费的。
在游客进入白宫时，通过安全检查后方可携带照相机入内。但是，在白宫内禁止拍照和录像。
9.3 Multivariate family planning policy in China
It has been over two decades since China adopted the Family Planning Policy.However, there still exist misunderstandings about this policy.People mistakenly think that China’s Family Planning Policy equals the One Child Policy, which allows
one couple to have only one child.Their impression is that this policy is implemented more strictly in urban areas: in cities where people are better-off, one couple can have only one child, while in the poor rural areas, one couple can have two or three children.Furthermore, they think that the One Child Policy is the cause of gender imbalance.I will now clarify these misunderstandings.As a matter of fact, the policy adopted in the early 1980s is a multivariate policy called the Family Planning Policy, or the fertility policy.Its multivariate nature can be proved by two facts.First, the total fertility rate in China now stands at 1.8, which means there is more than one child per family in most areas.For example, there is generally only one child in a family in urban areas, but two in rural areas, and three in ethnic minority areas.In some areas, like Tibet, there are no restrictions at all on the number of children a family can have.We can tell from this fact that China’s Family Planning Policy varies in accordance with the economic and social development level of different areas.Secondly, China is seeing an unbalanced sex ratio at birth at the moment.The sex ratio at birth refers to the number of boys born per 100 girls born.This is not the same concept as the sex ratio of the total population.The unbalance is not entirely the result of the Family Planning Policy.I would like to cite two interesting examples.My first example is the ROK.In 1988, the sex ratio at birth in the ROK was 114, and the ratio now in China is 117.I believe there is no family planning policy in the ROK.My second example is Singapore, whose sex ratio at birth in1984 was 109.Why is it a common problem in Asia? There are two reasons.The first reason is the influence of traditional culture and ideology, that is, a preference for sons, which poses a great problem for the sex ratio at birth.Second, China’s unbalanced birth ratio is attributable to the poor social security in rural areas.The Chinese government has launched a nationwide Girl Care Project to hamper the rising sex ratio at birth.This project aims to educate the general public to abandon their traditional preference for male children and to advocate female children’s status and rights.Secondly, the Chinese government is also making an effort to establish and improve the social security system, particularly in rural areas.Thirdly, the phenomenon of allowing one child for urban families and two to three children for families in poor areas is called reverse selection of population quality.I have two points to make in the regard.The policy in rural areas is made in accordance with the economic situation there.The social security system is being gradually improved in rural areas.If a stringent One Child policy is to be introduced in this process, the household insurance coverage is likely to be reduced for rural families.Therefore, the number of children allowed in rural families is dependent on the economic situation.10.3 中国与欧盟的关系
女士们、先生们、朋友们：
今天，我很荣幸给大家介绍欧盟的一些情况以及欧盟与中国的关系。
欧盟全称叫欧洲联盟，是在欧洲共同体基础上有25个独立的国家组成的，目的是为了加强政治、经济和社会合作。原来叫“欧共体”或“欧洲经济共同体”。
目前的25个成员国是：奥地利、比利时、丹麦、芬兰、法国、德国、希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、卢森堡、荷兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、英国、塞浦路斯（希腊部分）、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、马耳他、波兰、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚。欧盟25国总面积400平方公里，差不多半个中国的面积。总人口数为4.544亿，排行第三，仅次于中国和印度，约占世界总人口的7%。
欧盟同一货币为欧元，2002年一月正式启用。到目前为止，已经有12个欧盟国家用欧元取代其本国货币。同一货币使旅行和价格比较容易些，它还为欧洲的商业往来、刺激增长和竞争创造了一个稳定的环境。
目前为止，欧盟的国内生产总值逾10万亿美元。作为一个整体，这个规模与它的主要竞争对手美国差不多。经济总量和贸易总额分别占全球25%和35%。
欧盟与中国的关系十分良好。今年5月欧盟与中国就建交30周年了。去年，欧盟与中国的进出口贸易总额达到2，000亿欧元。德国是中国的最大贸易伙伴，英国、荷兰名列第二和第三。
欧盟正抓住当前这一大好历史机遇-团结曾经分裂的欧洲大陆，创造一个和平、稳定、民主的欧洲。这次欧盟的扩大还将创造一个几乎拥有5亿消费者的大市场，这个市场饱含经济的增长和不断繁荣的极大潜力。
我的话完了，谢谢大家！
11.3倾销与反倾销
如果一家公司以比自己国内正常市场价格更低的价格出口商品，即构成“倾销”。有些人认为这是不正当竞争但有些则持不同意见。但许多国家的政府采取一些行动抵制倾销行为以保护本国市场。世贸组织的协定并没有针对反倾销的制裁措施。它侧重于规定一些政府是否可以或者不可以对倾销行为采取行动-它通常被称为“反倾销协定”。
典型的反倾销行动的手段是指对特定的出口国的特定产品征收额外进口关税，以便将其价格接近“正常价值”或消除对进口国国内产业的损害。
一般而言，美国、欧盟、澳大利亚和加拿大一直是反倾销措施的主要支持者。四个传统成员发起的案件占了世贸组织反倾销案件总数的45%之多的记录。
为什么发展中国家容易被锁定？
首先，外向型经济容易引起贸易争端。由于积极从事出口是促进国内经济发展的捷径，许多发展中国家采取了出口型政策。因此，他们的经济比发达国家更依赖于对外贸易，发展中国家和发达国家难免会有许多摩擦冲突。
第二，发展中国家的出口价格非常低。由于劳动力比发达国家更便宜，产品成本低是可以理解的。此外，来自发展中国家的产品往往不是精心设计也不是成品，从而会影响价格。相反，发达国家的劳动密集型产业是夕阳产业，它们远远没有其他知识型产业有竞争力。产品价格在它们的国内市场上不合情理的高。这些因素容易引起国内产业和当局的注意。
12.4 The Secret of Nano Technology
The term nanotechnology may not sound unfamiliar any more.It has become a buzzword within the hi-tech community, but when asked what’s it about and its impact on our life, I’m afraid many people are not able to answer right away.In fact, it’s already a part of daily life for many.The promise of nanotechnology is almost unlimited.If you think nanotechnology is all in the future, think again.Nano trousers are already on sale in the United States.They feel like ordinary cotton trousers but there’s a thin nano layer, which resists spills and stains.So, if you spill your drink, this is what happens, it just runs off.The trousers aren’t even damp.So nano technology is the science of the very small.But how small is small? Well imagine I was shrunk to a 1,000 times smaller.I’d be about as big as the eye of a fly, but nano is even
smaller than that.In fact, much, much smaller.Imagine I was shrunk again, this time 10,000 times.I’d be about as big as a virus, but nano is even smaller than that.You’d have to shrink4 me another 100 times to get the nano version of me, a billion times smaller than the real me.Industry is already building devices on that scale.Here in Cambridge they’re making very thin nano layers of a plastic that emits light when electrical current runs through it.The technology will soon be on the market, in mobile phones with very bright, energy-saving displays.People will see these initially in fairly simple products like mobile phones but ultimately they will be in TV’s, and when the technology moves on to plastic, you’ll have the roll-down TV that you can put on your wall.Nanotechnology can also be applied to medicine.Ultimately, it will be applied in making a chip that can go into the body, which will release a drug or a whole variety of drugs at an assigned period of time, thus having a healing effect on the body.Nanotechnology can be used in many other fields which are closely related to our daily life as well.The promise of nanotechnology is almost unlimited.That’s why the government is backing itstrongly, yet still many critics fear possible side effects.
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