第一篇：段落翻译主题中国风翻译练习
1.假如一定要找一件能够代表中国的东西，龙可能会最先出现在你的脑海里。2.剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。
3.中国剪纸有一千五百年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行，人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。
4.蒙古族是一个能骑善射、能歌善舞的民族。每年七、八月举行的“那达慕”大会(Nadama Fair)，是蒙古族人民一年一度的盛大节日，大会上有赛马、摔跤、射箭(archery)比赛和精彩的歌舞表演。
5.中国烹饪（Chinese cuisine）文化是中国文化中有关烹饪和休闲的重要组成部分。中国悠久的历史、广袤的疆土、好客的习俗孕育了这一独特艺术。6.最负盛名的菜系有南方粤菜、北方鲁菜、东部淮扬菜和西部川菜，以“南淡北咸，东甜西辣”见称。
7.中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。8.古代的艺术家热衷于画被驯服的马，画家徐悲鸿却对画野马情有独钟。9.太极拳(Taijiquan)是一种中国武术内家拳(the internal styles of Chinese martial art)。它基于以柔克刚(the soft overcoming the hard)的原理，发端于中国古代，最开始是一种武术和自卫方式。
10.中国人的姓名通常姓(family name)在前，名(given name)在后。中国有10多亿个名字，所以人们即便在随意场合也可能会连名带姓地介绍自己，这是很寻常的。
11.饺子(dumpling)是中国传统食物，是春节最重要的食物之一，是北方节日的必备食品。
12.传统上，一家人会在除夕夜一起包饺子，还可能会在其中一个饺子里藏一枚硬币，希望吃到硬币的人在新的一年交到好运。此外，饺子通常是为朋友或家人送行的食物。
13.自上世纪90年代后期起，七夕节(the Double Seventh Festival)开始被称为“中国的情人节”。这个节日可以追溯到汉朝，当时对恋人、女孩都是个特殊的日子。
14.中医(Chinese medicine)是世界医学的遗产。中医起源于古代，巳经发展了很长一段时间，它收 集了治疗不同疾病的各种方法。
15.孙大圣是中国古典文学名著《西游记》(Journey to the West)中 的一个主要的人物。其实在中国，他最受欢迎的名字不是“孙大圣”，而是“孙悟空”，这是教他72变 的第一个师傅给他起的名字。
16.京剧(Beijing Opera)是中国的国粹。作为一门古老的艺术，京剧的服装(costume)、脸谱(facial mask)更易被人喜爱。
17.腊八节(the Laba Festival)在农历最后一个月的第八天庆祝，标志着春节庆祝 活动的开始。
18.长期以来，饮酒(white spirit)在中国人的生活中一直扮演着重要的角色，无论是帝王还是百姓。饮酒是中国文化的一部分。
19.端午节最盛行的活动是赛龙舟和吃粽子(rice dumpling)。自2008年以来，端午节在中国巳不仅仅是一个传统节日,还是公共假期。
20.如果你想更多地了解中国美食、文化和风俗，北京烤鸭(Beijing Roast Duck)作为一道历史悠久、赫赫有名的佳肴，是最佳的选择。
21.西湖就像镶嵌(inlay)在广袤大地上的一颗璀璨的明珠，以其秀丽的风景、闻名的古迹、灿烂的文化和丰富的特产而闻名。22.茶马古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)两边，生活着20多个少数民族。时至今天，虽然这条古道的踪迹都消失了，但它的文化和历史价值仍然存在。23.长城(the Great wall)又被称作“万里长城”，不仅是中华文明的瑰宝，也是中国古代人民智慧的结晶。长城是世界文化遗产(world cultural heritage)之一，更是中华民族的象征。
24.乒乓球在中国是一项颇受欢迎和推崇的运动。长期以来，它的确是中国唯一的运动，似乎集足球、篮球和棒球于一身，但却更受欢迎。压岁钱是中国传统春节习俗中不可缺少的一项元素，是每个孩子过年都热切期盼的礼物。它代表着长辈对孩子的美好祝福，可以保佑孩子在新的一年里健康吉祥。25.重阳节有2000多年的历史，早在唐朝时期就正式被定为民间节日。
26.灯谜(1antern riddles)是指写在彩灯上面的谜语。灯谜是中华民族一门传统的综合性艺术，是我国劳动人民智慧的结晶。
27.十二生肖(the twelve Chinese Zodiacs)是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，它们源于自然界的11种动物和一个民族图腾(totem)。
28.算盘起源于中国，迄今已有2600多年的历史，是中国古代的一项重要发明。29.中国功夫在世界上的影响日益广泛，不仅出现了大量中国功夫题材的中外影视作品，更有越来越多的外国人开始喜爱并学习中国功夫。
30.汉字是一种古老的语言。大量文献记载说明，汉字起源于新石器时代﹙The Neolithic Age﹚仰韶文化时期。
第二篇：段落翻译练习
第一篇翻译：样卷 剪纸
剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
Paper cutting is one of China’s most popular traditional folk arts.Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1,500 years.It was widespread particularly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.People often beautify their homes with paper cuttings.During the Spring Festival and wedding celebrations, in particular, paper cuttings are used to decorate doors, windows and rooms in order to enhance the joyous atmosphere.The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red, which symbolizes health and prosperity.Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.第二篇翻译：中秋节 12人们在农历八月十五日庆祝中国的传统节日——中秋节。几千年来，中国人喜欢将人的悲欢离合与月亮的阴晴圆缺联系起来。3因为满月是圆的，象征着团圆，中秋节也被称为团圆节。4所有家庭成员会尽力团聚在这特殊的日子里，而那些不能回家的人则观望明月，以寄思念。5此外，月宫里美丽的仙女嫦娥的神话故事也赋予了这一丰收节日的神话色彩(mythological flavor)。
参考译文： 1Mid-Autumn Festival, one of Chinese traditional festivals, is celebrated on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar.2For thousands of years, Chinese people like to relate joy and sorrow, parting and reunion to changes of the moon(as it waxes and wanes).3Since the full moon is round, which symbolizes reunion, the Mid-Autumn Festival is also known as the festival of reunion.4All family members try to get together on this special day, while those who can not return home try to watch the bright moonlight to send/express their longing for their loved ones.5In addition, this harvest festival is also given a mythological flavor with legends of Chang-E, the beautiful fairy in the moon.该篇材料涉及中国的传统文化——中秋节庆祝的内容，主要考察对于文化词汇的理解与灵活翻译运用能力，诸如“农历”、“悲欢离合”、“阴晴圆缺”、“团圆”、“仙女嫦娥”等。
第一句应译为含有被动语态的简单句，同时，注意“农历八月十五日”的灵活表达。当主句的主语是泛指人称代词，且语境并不强调动作的发出者时，宜采用被动语态进行翻译，语体更加正式，其更符合英文的表达习惯。“农历八月十五日”可以表达为“the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar/ 15th, August of the lunar calendar ”；“中秋节”可译为“Mid-Autumn Festival”，该词已广为理解和接受，亦可音译为“Zhong Qiu Jie”，以保留中国文化特色词语。
第二句的翻译主要考查“悲欢离合”、“阴晴圆缺”、“联系”这三个词的语义选择。“悲欢离合”即为“悲伤，欢乐，离别，重逢”，应采用名词形式，其中，“离别”可译为“parting/departure/farewell”等。“阴晴圆缺”应译为习语“the moon waxes and wanes”，亦可简单译为“the changes of the moon”，就能较准确地表达句意。“联系”可译为“relate A to B/ connect A to/with B/ associate A with B”等。
第三句应译为带有原因状语从句的复合句，主要考查非限定性定语从句的运用以及“团圆”的语义选择。“象征着团圆”这个分句可译成非限定性定语从句，对“满月”的信息进行补充说明；亦可译为原因状语从句的谓语部分，如“Since the full moon is round and symbolizes reunion”。“团圆”这个词具有一定的文化色彩，译文中较难既保留“圆”的形象又表达“圆满/团聚”的意义，这里换一种说法，译成“reunion/being together”即可。主句中的“也被称为”可译为“…is also known as…”。
第四句的翻译主要考查连接词“while”以及不定式作目的状语的用法。根据语境，前后句意表明的是不同情况下的对比，没有强烈的转折关系，所以应用“while”，而不用“but/ however/whereas”等连接词。“以寄思念”为目的状语，宜用动词的不定式进行翻译，可译为“to send/express their longing for their loved ones”，或“to comfort their homesickness”，或简单地译为“to miss their home”。
第五句可译为简单句，主要考察被动语态的灵活运用以及“赋予”、“月宫”、“仙女”的语义选择。根据语境，该段主要描述中秋节的风俗习惯，前面已有两句采用“中秋节”为主语，为了使上下文更好地衔接或更连贯，此句仍以“中秋节”为主语，并采用被动语态进行翻译；当然，采用主动语态翻译也是可以接受的。“赋予”可译成“A be given sth.by/with B/ A be endowed with sth.by B”；“月宫”即为“the moon”；“仙女”译为“fairy”。
第三篇翻译： 舞龙舞狮
中国是舞龙舞狮的起源地。自问世以来，舞龙、舞狮运动一直受到各个民族人民的喜爱，代代相传，长久不衰，并因此形成了灿烂的舞龙舞狮文化。长期以来，很多青年朋友都以为龙舞、狮舞就是春节、庙会、庆典时的喜庆表演，殊不知它历经了几千年的传承流变，积淀了深厚的历史文化，是祖先留给我们的极其宝贵的文化遗产。
核心词提示：
舞龙：the Dragon Dance 舞狮：Lion Dance 春节：Spring Festival 庙会：Spring Festival fairs
China is the original place of the Dragon Dance and Lion Dance.Since the birth of them, they've always been favored by every ethnic group, which was passed on from generation to generation, long lasting without stops, and thus a prosperous culture of Dragon Dance and Lion Dance was gradually formed.Lots of people reckoned that such shows are certain shows at happy occasions such as Spring Festival and Spring Festival fairs and celebrations.However, they failed to realize that the Dances had passed through thousands of years, which contributed greatly to its profound history and culture, and they're precious cultural heritage left by our ancestors.第四篇翻译：旗袍
旗袍，是中国女性的传统服装，源于中国满族女性的传统服装。因为满族人被称为“旗人”，所以满族人的长袍被称为“旗袍”。到了20世纪20年代，受西方服饰的影响，经过改进之后的旗袍逐渐在广大妇女中流行起来。在中国，很多女性都喜欢穿旗袍。结婚的时候，新娘不仅要订做一件中式旗袍作为结婚礼服，还 要穿着漂亮的旗袍照一套婚纱照，作为永久的纪念。对于中国的女明星们而言，旗袍也成为她们参加各种重要活动的首选礼服。
核心词提示：
旗袍：Cheongsam [ˈtʃɔ:ŋˈsæm] 满族：Manchu 旗人：banner man
Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese holiday.In China, it is also known as the Spring Festival.New Year celebrations run from Chinese New Year’s Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month.Customs and traditions concerning the celebration of the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place.However, New Year’s Eve is usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner.It is also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweep away ill fortune and to bring in good luck.And doors will be decorated with red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck.Other activities include lighting firecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.第五篇翻译：新年
中国新年是中国最重要的传统节日,在中国也被称为春节。新年的庆祝活动从除夕开始一直延续到元宵节(the Lantern Festival),即从农历(lunar calendar)最后一个月的最后一天至新年第一个月的第十五天。各地欢度春节的习俗和传统有很大差异,但通常每个家庭都会在除夕夜团聚,一起吃年夜饭。为驱厄运、迎好运,家家户户都会进行大扫除。人们还会在门上粘贴红色的对联(couplets),对联的主题为健康、发财和好运。其他的活动还有放鞭炮、发红包和探亲访友等。
Chinese New Year is the most important traditional Chinese holiday.In China, itis also known as the Spring Festival.New Year celebrations run from Chinese NewYear’s Eve, the last day of the last month of the lunar calendar, to the Lantern Festivalon the 15th day of the first month.Customs and traditions concerning the celebrationof the Chinese New Year vary widely from place to place.However, New Year’s Eveis usually an occasion for Chinese families to gather for the annual reunion dinner.Itis also traditional for every family to thoroughly clean the house in order to sweepaway ill fortune and to bring in good luck.And doors will be decorated with redcouplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck.Other activities include lightingfirecrackers, giving money in red envelopes, and visiting relatives and friends.
第三篇：汉英段落翻译练习
汉英段落翻译练习
A.在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会，冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒暄几句，甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开，只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒显得有些勉强。
B.来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样，大多非常刻苦勤奋，周末也往往会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班，因而比起美国学生来，成果出得较多。我的导师是亚裔人，嗜烟好酒，脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识，也特别了解亚裔学生的心理。因此，在他实验室所招的学生中，除有一名来自德国外，其余5位均是亚裔学生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌：“本室助研必须每周工作7天，早10时至晚12时，工作时间必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的，在我所呆的3年半中，共有14位学生被招进他的实验室，最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。1990年夏天，我不顾别人劝阻，硬着头皮接受了导师的资助，从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。
C.这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。
日月潭水波不兴，仿佛与我一同在思索„„
D.世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆，它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代属于工业技术博物馆，它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用，但是，它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里，观众可以自己去动手操作，自己细心体察。这样，他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术，去探索科学技术的奥妙。中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆！它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处，设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品，展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。
E.人是一个非常复杂的矛盾体。为了不受干扰地工作，常常要逃避世俗的热闹，可一旦长期陷入孤境，又感到痛苦，感到难以忍受。
一般情况下，我喜欢孤独。我的最大爱好是深思默想。我可以一个人长时间地独处而感到愉快。独享欢乐是一种愉快，独自忧伤也是一种愉快。孤独的时候，精神不会是一片纯粹的空白，它仍然是一个丰富多彩的世界。情绪上的大欢乐和大悲痛往往都在孤独中产生。孤独中，思维可以不依照逻辑进行。孤独更多地产生人生的诗情——激昂的和伤感的。孤独可以使人的思想向更遥远更深邃的地方伸展，也能使你对自己或环境作更透彻的认识和检讨。
当然，孤独常常叫人感到无以名状的忧伤。而这忧伤有时又是很美丽的。
我喜欢孤独。
但我也很惧怕孤独。
F.简·奥斯丁的小说写的都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越嚼越有味道的橄榄。这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
G.脍炙人口的传统京剧《白蛇传》讲的是传自明朝的故事。白蛇精与青蛇精化作美女来到人间。白蛇精与一位书生相爱并生一子。禅师法海认为他们的结合违反传统婚姻，伤风败俗，他气急败坏。于是他派神兵神将前来捉拿白蛇精，并将她镇压在一座塔下面。后来，青蛇精在深山中修炼，习武多年，终于砸烂了那座塔，救出白蛇精。至此，白蛇精与丈夫、儿子又得团聚。在《白》剧中，蛇被赋予了崇高的人性。
第四篇：段落翻译
汉译英：
蚯蚓是一种有益的动物。在地面上它是其他动物的食物。在地下，它为田野和花园制造肥沃的土壤。
蚯蚓能挖洞，而洞穴能使土壤疏松，因而使空气和水更容易达到植物的根部。这些洞穴还有利于土壤的排水。
蚯蚓把枯萎的树叶、草和花瓣拖进洞穴中。当这些植物垃圾腐烂后，就使土壤肥沃。
蚯蚓对制造优良的的表层土壤所起的作用是其它任何动物都比不上的。据估计，五万条蚯蚓一年内能在一英亩的土地上制造大约十八吨优良土壤。
The earthworm is a useful animal.On the ground it is food for other animals.Under the ground, it makes rich soil for fields and gardens.Earthworms dig tunnels that loosen the soil and make it for air and water to reach the roots of plants.These tunnels help keep the soil well drained.Earthworms drag withered leaves, grass and flowers into their burrows.When this plant litter decays, it makes the soil more fertile.No other animal is so useful in building up good topsoil.It is estimated that in one year fifty thousand earthworms carry about eighteen tons of the fine soil to the surface of an acre of land.我深深爱着的祖国――古老而又年轻。说她古老，她是一个有着数千年文明史的东方大国。中华民族以自己的勤劳和智慧，创造了灿烂的古代文明，对人类发展作出过重大贡献。说她年轻，新中国成立才60年，改革开放才30年。中国人民经过长期不懈的斗争建立了新中国，又经过艰苦的探索，终于找到了适合国情的发展道路――中国特色社会主义道路，文明古国焕发了青春活力。
My beloved motherland is a country both old and young.She is old, because she is a big Oriental country with a civilization stretching back several thousand years.With diligence and wisdom, the Chinese nation created a splendid civilization and made significant contributions to the progress of humanity.She is young, because the People's Republic is just 60 years old, and the country began reform and opening-up only 30 years ago.The Chinese people established the New China after unremitting struggles and ultimately found a development path suited to China's national conditions through painstaking efforts.This is the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Following this path, our ancient civilization has been rejuvenated.中华传统文化底蕴深厚、博大精深。“和”在中国古代历史上被奉为最高价值，是中华文化的精髓。中国古老的经典――《尚书》就提出“百姓昭明，协和万邦”的理想，主张人民和睦相处，国家友好往来。“和为贵”的文化传统，哺育了中华民族宽广博大的胸怀。我们的民族，既能像大地承载万物一样，宽厚包容；又能像苍天刚健运行一样，彰显正义。
The traditional Chinese culture is rich, extensive and profound.Harmony, the supreme value cherished in ancient China, lies at the heart of the Chinese culture.The Book of History, an ancient classic in China for example, advocates amity among people and friendly exchanges among nations.The Chinese cultural tradition values peace as the most precious.This has nurtured the broad mind of the Chinese nation.The Chinese nation is generous and tolerant, just as Mother Earth cares for all living things.She is in constant pursuit of justice, just as the eternal movement of the Universe.很高兴出席世界经济论坛2009年年会，并发表特别致辞。首先，我要感谢施瓦布主席的盛情邀请和周到安排。本届年会意义特殊，在历史罕见的国际金融危机之中，各国政要、企业家和专家学者聚集在这里，围绕“重塑危机后的世界”这一主题，共同探讨维护国际金融稳定、促进世界经济增长的举措，探索全球综合治理之道，既有重要的现实意义，也体现了会议举办者的远见卓识。各方面热切期盼从这里听到富有智慧的声音，凝聚战胜危机的力量。我们有责任向世界传递信心、勇气和希望。我预祝本届年会取得成功！
I am delighted to be here and address the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2009.Let me begin by thanking Chairman Schwab for his kind invitation and thoughtful arrangements.This annual meeting has a special significance.Amidst a global financial crisis rarely seen in history, it brings together government leaders, business people, experts and scholars of different countries to jointly explore ways to maintain international financial stability, promote world economic growth and better address global issues.Its theme � “Shaping the Post-Crisis World” is highly relevant.It reflects the vision of its organizers.People from across the world are eager to hear words of wisdom from here that will give them strength to tide over the crisis.It is thus our responsibility to send to the world a message of confidence, courage and hope.I look forward to a successful meeting.青岛坐落在山东半岛南部，依山临海，天姿秀美，气候凉爽，人称“东方瑞士”。白天青岛宛如镶嵌在黄海边的绿宝石。夜里则像一只在大海中摆动的摇篮。难怪许多人乐意来这里疗养。
Qingdao, known as the “Switzerland of the Orient”, is situated on the southern tip of Shandong Peninsula.Wedged between hills and waters, the city is endowed with a beautiful scenery and a delightful climate.By day, she looks like a green gem inlaid in the coastline of the Yellow Sea and, at night, a cradle rocking upon the sea waves.No wonder so many people come to seek rest and relaxation.作为中国最早的教育中心和科学研究中心，北京大学聚集了中国优秀的专家学者，不断开拓创新，改造发展，以培养出的高质量人才和做出的高水平科学成果深刻影响和推动着中国高等教育的航程。一百年来，北京大学为代表的中国现代大学群，在中国走向现代化的历史进程中起到了重要的先锋作用，形成了光荣的革命传统和优良的学术传统。
As China’s earliest center of education and scientific research, Beijing University has gathered China’s most brilliant specialists and scholars, continuously opened up, blazed new trails, engaged itself in reform and development for training high-quality talent and achieving high-level scientific fruits that deeply influenced and advanced the range of China’s higher education.Over the past hundred years, this group of China’s contemporary universities, with Beijing University as its stellar representative, has played a pioneering role in China’s historical course towards modernization, forming a glorious revolutionary as well as an exemplary academic tradition.周恩来的品德、人格、风范、情怀为中华民族树立了一座精神丰碑。他那种勤勤恳恳、任劳任怨、全心全意为人民服务的奉献精神；那种艰苦朴素、严于律己、心底无私、一心为公的清廉精神；那种顾全大局，不计个人荣辱得失的牺牲精神；那种实事求是的求实精神；那种言行一致的磊落精神,新手卡；那种对党对国家和人民的高度责任感，工作一丝不苟，周密细致的精神，正是我们今天建设社会主义精神文明所迫切需要发扬光大的。
Zhou Enlai’s moral character, personality, style and noble sentiments constituted a paragon for the Chinese nation.His dedication as shown in his diligent, conscientious and hard working and whole-hearted service to the people, without any complaint;his incorruptibility as shown in his plain living, being strict with himself, selflessness and engrossment by public interest;his spirit of sacrifice as shown in his never being concerned about personal honor or disgrace, gain or loss in deference to the interests of the overall situation;his realistic approach of seeking truth from facts;his open and upright spirit of being as good as his words;his high sense of responsibility to the Party, the state and the people;his strict and careful spirit of working conscientiously and meticulously are all that we need urgently to carry forward in fostering our socialist spiritual civilization.A Paradise of the Birds Ba Jin
After we finished dinner at Chen’s little school, the heat of the day had already diminished.The sun retreated behind the hills, leaving brightly colored clouds hanging in the sky, over the hills and trees.“Let’s go boating!” Chen proposed, as we watched the mountain view by the pond in front of the school gate.“Great,” the rest of the group answered enthusiastically.We walked through a gravel path, and before long we reached the bank, where a pavilion stood made of straw.Filing through the pavilion, we found several small boats anchored under two big trees along the bank.One after another, we hopped into one of the boats.One friend loosened the rope, pushed the bamboo pole against the bank, which moved the boat to the center of the river.Three friends were rowing;Ye and I were sitting in the middle, enjoying ourselves in the scenery surrounding us.In the distance a pagoda was erected on the top of a hill, surrounded by many green trees.It was rare to see such a pagoda, and over there it was the hometown of my friend Ye.The river was wide, the water glistening without a ripple.The boat was steadily floating on the water, the three oars pulling in rhythm.Then the river narrowed at a certain point.Clusters of leaves stretched out touching the water’s surface.The leaves were in a lovely green color.There seemed to be many lush banyan trees, but I couldn’t make out where the main trunks of the trees were.My friends immediately corrected me as I referred to them as being many banyan trees.One of them said it was only one banyan, and another said there were two.I had seen many enormous banyans before, but it was the first time I saw such a gigantic one.As the boat drew nearer to the banyan, I finally got a good look at it.This was a huge tree, with countless branches, on which grew aerial prop roots.Many of the roots were dangling to the ground, some all the way into the soil.There were branches hanging above the water.Seen from a distance, the tree seemed to be reposed on the water.It was in the lush season(the tree bearing little fruits, many of which had fallen.)The banyan seemed to showcase its vibrant life energy to us.There were many leaves, clusters over clusters, with not even a tiny hole existing.The emerald green shining brightly in front of our eyes, it was like on each leaf there was a new life dancing.What a tree it is growing in the beautiful southern part of China!
The boat was moored under the tree for a moment, but we didn’t get onto the bank because it was so wet.A friend said it was known as the ‘paradise of the birds’ here.The local peasants forbade anyone to catch these birds.I thought I had heard some sounds of flapping wings, but by the time I shifted my eyes to that direction, I didn’t see any birds.There were many roots sticking out on the ground, looking like stakes.The soil was wet, perhaps for the tides frequently washed onto the shore.There were no birds in the “paradise of the birds,” I thought.The boat moved again, as a friend pushed the boat, and it drifted to the center of the river.Along the path in the crop fields on the shore there were some litchi trees, with clusters of the red weighty fruits hiding among the leaves.Our boat was heading towards there.A friend pulled the boat into a ditch with an oar.We moored the boat at the path, and jumped onto the bank.Two friends swiftly climbed up the trees, throwing down several clusters of litchis with leaves.Chen, Ye and I were down below catching them.After they came down, we ate the litchis as we headed back to the boat.On the following day, we boated to Ye’s hometown, the place we had seen the hills and the pagoda.Setting off from Chen’s little school, we passed the ‘paradise of the birds’ again.This time it was morning, and the sun was pouring over the water, as well as the branches.Everything was extremely bright.We stopped under the tree for a moment.It was very quiet at first, but then a burst of chirps broke the silence.Chen clapped his hands, and we saw a big bird flying over, then a second, and a third.We continued to clap, and soon the woods became very boisterous.Bird chirps were all over the place, and so were the birds, the big ones, small ones, variegated ones and black ones.Some perched on the branches, chirping;some were flying up;some were flapping their wings.I busied myself by watching them.Just as I saw this one clearly, I already missed the other one, and when I turned my eyes to the second one, the third one had flown off.A thrush flew out, but was startled by our clapping and then turned back into the woods.It stopped at a thin branch, and started to sing enthusiastically.The sounds were so beautiful.“Let’s go.” Ye rushed me to leave.As the boat was floating to the village under the pagoda, I kept turning back to look at the lush banyan left behind.I felt a little melancholy to leave this place.Yesterday, I was cheated by my eyes.The “paradise of the birds” is a real paradise for the birds!
June, 1933 in Guangzhou.Guo Yue of China returns the ball in the women's single finals against her teammate Li Xiaoxia at the world table tennis championships in Zagreb May 25, 2007.Guo beat Li 8-11, 11-7, 4-11, 2-11, 11-5, 11-2, 11-8 to win the women's singles title.北京时间5月25日，在萨格勒布世界乒乓球锦标赛女子单打决赛上，郭跃以大比分4－3逆转队友李晓霞，夺得了本届世乒赛女单冠军。
Zhang Yining and Guo Yan, both of China, picked bronze medals.张怡宁和郭燕获得了此次比赛的铜牌。
The 18-year-old Guo was jolted awake in the fifth set, sweeping three sets in a row to triumph 8-11, 11-7, 4-11, 2-11, 11-5, 11-2, 11-8.18岁的郭跃在第五局中调整了心态，连胜三局。
Fourth-seeded Guo, who stunned defending Olympic and world champion Zhang Yining in the semifinals, didn't find her touch until the end of the fourth set, in which she had once trailed 0-9.四号种子郭跃在半决赛的第四局中曾以0比9落后于未免世界冠军张怡宁，直到这一局快要结束才表现出自己的特长。
Guo used her forehand topspin and lightning backhand flicks to win the fifth set 11-5 and then the sixth 11-2.在第五局和第六局，郭跃使用正手击球和反手击球的战术分别以11-5和11-2轻松获胜。
Both players were technically correct in the final set but the championship game was usually a battle of minds.At the end of the fourth set the momentum was with Li, now it was with Guo.最后一局两位队员在技术上不分伯仲（均没有出现失误），但比赛往往也是一场心理素质的较量。
Li looked disconsolate as she made errors with Guo moving into a 4-0 lead.When the
players changed ends Guo was 5-0 ahead, prompting Li to call “Time Out”.She returned to serve a clean ace.由于自已的失误而导致郭跃以4-0领先，李晓霞有些郁郁寡欢。换场时，郭跃以5-0领先，李晓霞喊了暂停。回来后，凭发球获得一分。
Guo called “Time Out” with a 7-3 lead and then went ahead 10-4。
在7-3领先的情况下，郭跃喊了暂停，随后将比分追到了10-4。
Weekly Weather Forecast(May 21 to 27)
Northwest China May 21, western and northern Xinjiang to see overcast skies with light to moderate rain or snow, potentially spreading to eastern sections of the region.May 22 to 24, wet weather will continue in the same areas, turning heavy and accompanied by strong winds.Mountain passes will be battered by gale-force winds as sand storms will affects areas of Xinjiang, Gansu and Ningxia, bringing a drop in temperature.May 25 to 27, the sun will break through the clouds while a meek cold air front brings winds to Xinjiang and western Gansu.西北部地区：5月21日，新疆的西部和背部地区多云间晴转中雨或雪，雨雪还将会波及到这个地区的西部。5月22至24日将会持续雨雪天气，将有可能转为大雨或大雪并会伴有大风的出现。山口地区将会遭受大风的袭击，新疆、甘肃和宁夏地区将会有沙城天气出现并伴有气温的下降。25日至27日，将会云开日出，同时，一股弱冷空气的前锋将会给新疆和甘肃西部带来大风天气。
North China: May 21 to 22, most parts to be cloudy to overcast with light to moderate rain turning heavy in some areas.May 23 to 25, rain clouds will dominate the skies across central and southern parts, with occasional thunder storms, gusting winds and a mercury drop.May 26 to 27, the rain will abate, continuing scattered in some places, letting sunny patches prevail.北部地区：5月21日至22日，大部分地区将会经历由多云到晴间多云到中雨再到大雨的天气过程。23日25日，中部和南部地区将会出现雷阵雨，并伴有狂风和气温的下降。26日至27日，雨势将会减弱，但仍零星地分布在一些地区，其他地区将会转为晴天。
Northeast China: May 21 to 22, cloudy skies will bring occasional downpours on eastern regions.May 23 to 27, rain will be seen across the region with strong winds blowing in from the north.The weather may turn vicious as temperatures drop, shadowing the arrival of thunderstorms and hail.冰雹
东北部地区：5月21日至22日，东部地区将会有大雨出现。23日至27日整个地区将会出现降雨天气并伴有北风。伴随着降温,最新网络游戏，天气将变得恶劣起来，随之将会有大雷雨和冰雹出现。
Central China: May 21 to 22, rainfalls will affect most parts, occasionally turning heavy.May 23 to 25, cold and warm air fronts will collide, causing moderate rain to stormy weather across the region.Central and northern parts can expect strong northerly winds as storm fronts roll in.May 26 to 27, clouds will persist throughout, with mild rain showers.中部地区：5月21日至22日，大部分地区都会出现降雨过程，局部地区将会有大雨。5月23至25日，由于热冷空气的将会整个地区将会出现中到大雨。大雨前锋过处，中部和北部地区将会刮起大风。
East China: May 21 to 23, most parts to see cloudy and rainy climes although Fujian, northern Anhui and some of western Shanxi Province will be lashed with heavy rain.May 24 to 25, northern banks of the Huaihe River to see strong winds while southern reaches will see persistent rainfall.May 26 to 27, sunny weather will dominate throughout although scattered showers may occur in the late afternoon or evening.东部地区：5月21日至23日，大部分地区将会出现阴雨天气，福建、安徽北部和山西西部地区将会遭遇大雨天气。5月24日至25日，淮河北部地区将会有大风出现，南部地区将会持续降雨过程。5月26至27日，整个地区将会转为晴好天气，傍晚和夜间人会有零星阵雨。
reaches(江、河的)一段流域;地带;大片地区
South China: May 21 to 23, most parts to be overcast, while northern parts will see heavy rain and thunderstorms.May 24 to 27, thunderstorms will continue although rain will abate in western and northern parts.南部地区：5月21日至23日，大部分地区将会是多云天气，北部地区将会有大雨或暴雨。5月24日至27日，将会持续暴雨天气，西部和北部地区的雨势将会减弱。
Southwest China: May 21 to 23, as in much of the country, most parts will see overcast conditions but strong winds and hail will arrive later on, affecting much of southeastern Tibet, the western Sichuan Plateau, Chongqing, Guizhou and western and southern Yunnan.May 23 to 24, the Sichuan Basin, Chongqing and Guizhou will confront strong northerly winds, with possible snow coming in on May 25 to 27.China National Meteorological Center
西南部地区：21日至23日，和全国大部分地区一样，这里将会是阴云密布的天气，但大风和冰雹要来的晚一些，西藏东南部、四川盆地、重庆和贵州将会遭遇强烈的北风袭击，25日至27日有可能会出现降雪天气。
段落翻译 1 当今世界的竞争是人才的竞争。因此，党中央决定从海外我们的留学生中，从香港、澳门、台湾吸收和利用人才来加强我们在世界上的竞争能力。引进这些人才的重点是那些开放程度越来越大、竞争越来越激烈的部门，比如说银行、保险等行业，以及国有大型企业的管理层。In today’s world competition among states is mainly a competition amongtalented professionals.Therefore it is a decision adopted by the CPC CentralCommittee to fully absorb and make use of the talented people among ouroverseas students and among the professionals in Hong Kong Macao and Taiwan.This will help us strengthen our competitive edge.The departments that wouldintroduce talented people from outside are those that are exposed toincreasingly fierce competition and that are open wider to the outsider worldsuch as banking insurance industry large state-owned enterprises etc.段落翻译 2 莫高窟有 1000 多个洞窟，又叫千佛洞，现有几百个洞窟，其中十分之六七的洞窟是隋唐时期开凿的。洞窟的四壁和顶上画满了彩色壁画。现存壁画总面积有 45000 多平方米，内容表现了佛教故事，不少画面反映出隋唐时期社会的繁荣。莫高窟的塑像共有 2400 多尊，隋唐时期占了近一半。The Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang used to have over 1000 caves but nowadaysthere remain only a few hundred of which 60-70 were made in the Sui and Tangdynasties.The walls and ceilings of the grottoes are covered with coloredfrescos totaling more than 45000 m2.The frescos depict Buddhist stories.Many of them reflect the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty.The Mogao Grottoesboast over 2400 statues almost half of which date from the Sui and Tangdynasties.段落翻译 3 中国人使用筷子就餐的方式在世界上独树一帜。有史记载用筷的历史已有三千多年。筷子古时称为箸，它看似简单，但却同时具有夹、拨、挑、扒、拌、撮、戳、撕等多种功能。中国民间视筷子为吉祥之物，如婚俗中将筷子隐喻为快生贵子的祝福等。与使用刀叉以及手抓的方式不同，成双结对的筷子含有“和为贵“的意蕴。西方人赞誉筷子是古老的东方文明。The Chinese way of eating with chopsticks is unique in the world.Therecorded history of chopsticks started more than three thousand years ago.Chopsticks were named Zhu in ancient Chinese.They look deceptively simple touse but possess multi-various functions such as clamping turning overlifting up raking stirring scooping poking tearing and so on.Chopstickswere taken as an auspicious mascot by ordinary people in ancient China.Forexample the partial tone of chopsticks is often used by people as a metaphorat weddings to indicate a blessing or benediction for the couple to have ababy soon.Unlike using a knife and fork or one’s own hands a pair ofchopsticks also implies the meaning of “harmony is what matters”.Chopsticksare highly praised by Westerners as a hallmark of ancient orientalcivilization.段落翻译 4 作为中国最早的教育中心和科学研究中心，北京大学聚集了中国优秀的专家学者，不断开拓创新，改造发展，以培养出的高质量人才和做出的高水平科学成果深刻影响着中国高等教育的航程。一百年来，北京大学为代表的中国现代大学群，在中国走向现代化的历史进程中起到了重要的先锋作用，形成了光荣的革命传统和优良的学术传统。As China’s earliest center of education and scientific research BeijingUniversity has gathered China’s most brilliant specialists and scholarscontinuously opened up blazed new trails engaged itself in reform anddevelopment for training high-quality talent and achieving high-levelscientific fruits that deeply influenced and advanced the range of China’shigher education.Over the past hundred years this group of China’scontemporary universities with Beijing University as its stellarrepresentative has played a pioneering role in China’s historical coursetowards modernization forming a glorious revolutionary as well as anexemplary academic tradition.段落翻译 5 在中国，龙是一种吉祥的生物。在中国古代，龙被视为皇权的象征。直到现在，龙仍然是备受尊崇的神物，代表着财富、智慧、成功、权力以及幸运。中国人自豪地宣称他们是龙的子孙。西方媒体也经常把龙用作中国的标志。如今，大多数欧洲人都知道龙在中国是一种吉祥的生物，也知道龙是中国的十二生肖之一。The Chinese dragon is anauspicious creature.In the ancient times the dragon was the symbol ofimperial power.Even today as a magical creature beloved by the people itstill represents wealth wisdom success power and good fortune.Chinesepeople proudly claim that they are the descendants of the dragon.The dragonalso often appears in the publications of Western media as the symbol of China.Nowadays most Europeans understand that dragon is a lucky creature in Chinaand it is one of the 12 Chinese Zodiac Signs.段落翻译 6 经济危机已给英国的年轻人带来深重的影响。现在有一百多万人失业。这些人中超过22的人年龄集中于十六至二十四岁。要不是因为即将来临的夏季奥运会，这 种情况在伦敦可能会更为严重。奥运会一部分收入已经用来帮助伦敦的弱势青年进行职业培训。即将来临的盛事刚好提供了一些机会。随着奥运会的临近，整个伦敦 都正在改变着。新机遇应运而生。但到了秋季，运动会将会结束。届时许多临时性的工作将不复存在。因此我们担忧的是奥运会结束之后我们该怎么办。Britain’s younger workers have been hit especially hard by the financialcrisis.The economy crisis has taken its toe on Britain’s youth.One millionplus are now unemployed.More than 22 are those aged 16 to 24.It might beworse in London if it is not for the upcoming Summer Olympics.Some of theOlympic money has gone to help London disadvantage youth to get job training.The majoring upcoming event is offering some opportunities.With the OlympicGames approaching the whole London is changing.A newopportunity isdeveloping.But by the autumn the Olympics will be over.And many ofthetemporary jobs will go.So the worry is what we could do after the Olympics.段落翻译 7 元宵节是中国的传统佳节，在每年的农历正月十五这一天庆祝。元宵节的到来也标志着春节的结束。元宵节的传统可以追溯到西汉时期，像其他的传统节日一样，关于元宵节也有一个美丽的传说。据说，与道家的传统有关。按中国民间的传统，在这天上皓月高悬的夜晚，人们要点起彩灯万盏，以示庆贺。出门赏月、燃灯放焰、喜猜灯谜、共吃元宵，其乐融融。The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival which is on the 15thof the first month of the Chinese New Year.The festival marks the end of thecelebrations of the Chinese New Year.Chinese started to celebrate the LanternFestival from the Han Dynasty 206 BC-221 AD.Like most other Chinese festivals there is also a story behind the Festival.It is also believed that the festival has Taoist origins.This is a festival for people having fun.Onthe night of the festival people go on streets with a variety of lantern sunder the full moon guessing Chinese riddles and lighting up firecrackers，eating Yuanxiao glutinous rice ball.There is really a lot of fun for the young and the old.段落翻译 8 中国的手工艺品、丝绸、瓷器、地毯、棉纺织品在世界上享有盛名，而且比在世界其他地方购买价格更合理，挑选余地更大。中国各地都有自己独特的产品可买，比如说北京的景泰蓝、地毯；上海的中国服装、棉纺织品；杭州的丝绸；苏州的古玩；到西安您可以买兵马俑、唐三彩。如果您嫌麻烦，也可以在北京、上海的友谊商店里将东西一次买齐，大城市的友谊商店一般货源都比较充足，而且可以代您托运。China has won a worldwide reputation for handicrafts silk porcelaincarpets and textiles all more reasonably priced and of greater variety thanelsewhere in the world.Unique local creations are available in their owncities such as Beijing’s cloisonné and carpets Shanghai’s Chinese clothingand cotton textiles Hangzhou’s silk Suzhou’s antiques and Xi’an’sthree-coloured glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty and terra cotta figures.Iftourists are not able to reach these cities most of these products can bepurchased in the Friendship Stores in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai.These stores also help you transport what you have bought
第五篇：2014.6段落翻译练习及答案
段落翻译练习及答案 1.茶马古道(Tea-horse Ancient Road)两边，生活着20多个少数 民族。不同的地方有着各自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比 如:大理，丽江古城，香格里拉(Shangrila),雅鲁藏布江大峡谷和布 达拉宫(Potala Palace)。古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站(post house),古桥和木板路，还有少数民族舞蹈和民族服装。时至今天，虽然这条古道的踪迹都消失了，但它的文化和历史价值仍然存在。
Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived more than 20 minori¬ties.Concentrations of beautiful and mysterious natural landscapes and traditional cultures developed in various sites，including Dali old city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo River Grand Canyon, Potala Palace.The road features temples, rock paintings, post houses, ancient bridges and plank roads.It is also home to many national minorities and their dances and folk customs.Today, although the traces of the ancient road are fading away, its cultural and historic values remain.2.京剧(Beijing Opera)是中国的国粹。作为一门古老的艺术，京 剧的服装（costume)、脸谱(facial mask)更易被人喜爱。不同的服装 类型反映不同的人物身份特征。富贵者的服装缀满精美的刺绣;穷困 者的服装则简单朴素，少有装饰(elemental)。脸谱是京剧中塑造人物 形象的重要手段，它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。脸谱的颜 色让人一看便知角色(portray)的善恶。比如白色代表奸诈(treachery)，黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，蓝、绿色多用于绿林好汉(rebellious fighters)，金、银色多用于神佛(divinity and Buddhism)等。
Beijing Opera is the cream of the Chinese culture.As a traditional art form, its costumes and facial mask are more popular with people.Different styles of costumes are used to reflect the status of different characters.There are more decorations in the costumes of nobles，while those of the poor tend to be simple and less elemental.Facial masks can reflect qualities of different characters.Facial masks using different colors are important ways to portray a character.People can tell a hero from a villain by the colors of the masks.In general，white usually represents treachery, black represents righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and green represent rebellious fighters，while gold and silver represent divinity and Buddhism.3.联合国下属机构世界旅游组织(World Tourism Organization)公 布的数据显示，中国游客对全球旅游业的贡献最大。中国人去年花 在出境游上的支出膨胀至1020亿美元，同2011年相比增长了 40%。联合国世界旅游组织在其网站上发布的一份声明中说，这一增幅令 中国迅速超越德国和美国。后两者在之前是出境游支出最高的两个 国家。2012年德美两国出境旅游支出均同比增长6%,约840亿美元。
The figures from the United Nations World Tourism Organization show that Chinese travelers are making the most contributions to the global tourism industry.Chinese travelers spent a record $102 billion on outbound tourism last year, a 40% rise from 2011.That surge sent China screaming past Germany and the U.S.— the former No.1 and No.2 spenders, respectively 一 which both saw tourist outlays increase 6% year-on-year to around $84 billion in 2012, the UNWTO said in a statement on its website.4.中国城市化(urbanization)将会充分释放潜在内需（domestic demand)。一些经济学家指出，在中国几乎所有的发展中城市都面临 着城市化的进程。这使得许多人的生活水平有所提高，也为人们提 供更多的就业机会。随着越来越多的人向城市迁徙，住房及城市基 础设施建设(infrastructure construction),包括水源等能源的供应将会 成为城市发展的焦点问题。商品与服务的自由、快速流通是城市化 社会的一项基本特征。逐渐扩张的城市需要更多的零售店来满足消 费者的需求。
China’s urbanization will release the full potential of domestic demand.Some economists point out that urbanization is a process that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country.It will lead to a better quality of life for many people，and provide individuals with more job opportunities.The construction of housing and city infrastructure, including water and energy supplies, will be a focal point of urban development as more people migrate to cities.Urbanization means better access to educational and medical resources in the city.But it also predicts less use of personal vehicles and more use of public transportation.The fast, free flow of goods and services is a basic trait of an urbanized society.Expanding cities require more retail outlets to serve customers.5.丝绸之路(the Silk Road)是历史上连接中国和地中海的一条重要 贸易路线。因为这条路上的丝绸贸易占绝大部分，所以在1877年它 被德国的一位地理学家命名为“丝绸之路”。这条古道从长安开始，经过河西走廊(the Hexi Corridor),到达敦煌后分成三条：南部路线，中部路线和北部路线。这三条路遍布新疆维吾尔自治区(Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region)，然后扩展到巴基斯坦(Pakistan)，印度，甚至罗马。
The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean.Because silk comprised a large proportion of trade along this road, in 1877, it was named the Silk Road by an eminent German geographer.This ancient road begins at Chang’an, then by way of the Hexi Corridor，and it reaches Dunhuang, where it divides into three, the Southern Route，Central Route and Northern Route.The three routes spread all over the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and then they extend as far as Pakistan, India and even Rome.6.四合院是从明代的北京延续下来的古典建筑风格的住宅。四合 院之间的狭窄的街道被称为“胡同”。_个四合院有园林包围着四个 房子，有高高的围墙保护。四合院与胡同都是人们常见到的，有超 过700多年的历史，但是由于现在的城市改造和中国经济的发展，四合院慢慢地从北京消失。
Si He Yuan is a classical architecture style of residential housing of Beijing citizens dated from the Ming Dynasty.The narrow streets between the Si He Yuan are called “Hutong，’s.A single implementation of Si He Yuan comprises of garden surrounded by four houses and protected by high walls.Si He Yuan with Hutong which have been very familiar to people，having a history of more than 700 years now suffer from the urban renovation and economic development of China, and they are slowly disappearing from Beijing.7.孔子(ConfUcius)是一位思想家、政治家，教育家，也是中国儒 学(the Ru School)思想的创始人。儒学(Confucianism)，这个道德和 宗教哲学的大系统建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教学上。冯友兰，中国思想史上20世纪伟大的的权威之一，把孔子在中国历史上的影 响比作西方的苏格拉底。
Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought.Confucianism, the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung.Fung Youlan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, compares Confucius9 influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.8.根据全国老龄工作委员会(the China National Committee On Aging)的数据来看，到2053年，中国60岁及以上的老人数量预计 会从目前的1.85亿一跃变为4.87亿，或者说是占总人口的35%。扩 张的比例是由于寿命的增加和计划生育政策(family planning policies)限制大部分城市家庭只生一个孩子。快速老龄化对社会和经济稳定 造成了严重威胁。
The number of people aged 60 and above in China is expected to jump from the current 18
5million to 487 million, or 35 percent of the population, by 2053，according to figures from the China National Committee On Aging.The expanding ratio is due both an increase in life expectancy and by family planning policies that limit most urban families to a single child.Rapid aging poses serious threats to the country’s social and economic stability.9.景德镇，中国瓷都(ceramic metropolis)，是世界瓷器艺术花园的 耀眼明珠。它位于长江南部，是江南一个有活力的城镇。它制造瓷 器(porcelain)的历史已经有1700多年，已经形成了丰富的瓷器文化。稀有的瓷器文物，一流的瓷器工艺，瓷乐器的优雅表演，以及优美 的田园风光组成了景德镇特别的旅游文化，而且让景德镇成为中国 唯一一个以瓷器旅游文化为特色的旅游城市。
Jingdezhen known as the ceramic metropolis of china is a brilliant pearl in the world’s art garden of ceramics.It is located on the south of the Yangtze River as a powerful Town on the south of the Yangtze River.It has a porcelain making history of over 1700 years，which has been crystallized into its rich cultural tradition of ceramics.Rare ceramic relics, superb ceramic craftsmanship，unique ceramic customs, graceful performance of ceramic musical instruments and beautiful rural scenery make up the peculiar tourist culture of Jingdezhen and hence make Jingdezhen the only Chinese tourist city featuring ceramic culture.10.中国经济的高速发展，带来了消费文化的曰益流行，同时也催 生了一批具有高学历，充分享受资本主义消费模式的年轻人，他 们习惯于当月工资当月花。因而被称为“月光族”（the moonlight group)。“月光族”一词出现于20世纪90年代后期，是用来讽刺那 些出身富裕、接受高等教育、充分享受快餐文化(fast food culture)的 年轻人。
China’s economy is developing very quickly, and has brought with it a culture of consumption more prevalent with each passing day.At the same time, it has brought into being an educated group of young people who enjoy capitalist consumption way.They’re used to spending money as soon as they get it every month, and so are called t6the moonlight group”.This word came into being during the 1990s, to make fun of those boom into wealth，who have received a high education, and who appreciate fast food culture.11.端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大 臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。但最后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而最终投河自 尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子，希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几 千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是 在一些河湖密布的南方省份。
The Duanwu Festival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan.Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuan’s body.For thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.12.中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival)是纪念古代 诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征 着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节(The Mid-autumn Festival)的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国 的农历新年(the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday)，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗 烹制传统食物，如铰子和年糕。
Traditional Chinese holiday meals are indispensable on some festivals.For example, the Dragon Boat Festival is a day established in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan and people usually hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, or rice dumpling on that day.The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness and family reunion.The special food of the day is yuebing, a round cake known as the mooncake.The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday.Besides the popular poultry and meat, peoplecook traditional food according to regional customs, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the “ 1 ” new year cake.13.假日经济的现象表明：中国消费者的消费 观正在发生巨大变化。根据统计数据，中 国消费者的消费需求正在从基本生活必需 品转向对休闲、舒适和个人发展的需求。同时，中国人的消费观在蓬勃发展的假日 经济中正变得成熟。因此产品结构应做相 应调整，来适应社会的发展。另一方面，服务质量要改善，以满足人们提高生活质 量的要求。
The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people’s consumption concept is undertaking great changes.According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development.Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development.On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.
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