口译资料：二十国集团金融市场和世界经济峰会的宣言

第一篇：口译资料：二十国集团金融市场和世界经济峰会的宣言

口译资料：二十国集团金融市场和世界经济峰会的宣言

Declaration of the Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy 1.We, the Leaders of the Group of Twenty, held an initial meeting in Washington on November 15, 2008, amid serious challenges to the world economy and financial markets.We are determined to enhance our cooperation and work together to restore global growth and achieve needed reforms in the world’s financial systems.2.Over the past months our countries have taken urgent and exceptional measures to support the global economy and stabilize financial markets.These efforts must continue.At the same time, we must lay the foundation for reform to help to ensure that a global crisis, such as this one, does not happen again.Our work will be guided by a shared belief that market principles, open trade and investment regimes, and effectively regulated financial markets foster the dynamism, innovation, and entrepreneurship that are essential for economic growth, employment, and poverty reduction.Root Causes of the Current Crisis

3.During a period of strong global growth, growing capital flows, and prolonged stability earlier this decade, market participants sought higher yields without an adequate appreciation of the risks and failed to exercise proper due diligence.At the same time, weak underwriting standards, unsound risk management practices, increasingly complex and opaque financial products, and consequent excessive leverage combined to create vulnerabilities in the system.Policy-makers, regulators and supervisors, in some advanced countries, did not adequately appreciate and address the risks building up in financial markets, keep pace with financial innovation, or take into account the systemic ramifications of domestic regulatory actions.4.Major underlying factors to the current situation were, among others, inconsistent and insufficiently coordinated macroeconomic policies, inadequate structural reforms, which led to unsustainable global macroeconomic outcomes.These developments, together, contributed to excesses and ultimately resulted in severe market disruption.Actions Taken and to Be Taken

5.We have taken strong and significant actions to date to stimulate our economies, provide liquidity, strengthen the capital of financial institutions, protect savings and deposits, address regulatory deficiencies, unfreeze credit markets, and are working to ensure that international financial institutions(IFIs)can provide critical support for the global economy.6.But more needs to be done to stabilize financial markets and support economic growth.Economic momentum is slowing substantially in major economies and the global outlook has weakened.Many emerging market economies, which helped sustain the world economy this decade, are still experiencing good growth but increasingly are being adversely impacted by the worldwide slowdown.7.Against this background of deteriorating economic conditions worldwide, we agreed that a broader policy response is needed, based on closer macroeconomic cooperation, to restore growth, avoid negative spillovers and support emerging market economies and developing countries.As immediate steps to achieve these objectives, as well as to address longer-term challenges, we will: Continue our vigorous efforts and take whatever further actions are necessary to stabilize the financial system.Recognize the importance of monetary policy support, as deemed appropriate to domestic conditions.Use fiscal measures to stimulate domestic demand to rapid effect, as appropriate, while maintaining a policy framework conducive to fiscal sustainability.Help emerging and developing economies gain access to finance in current difficult financial conditions, including through liquidity facilities and program support.We stress the International Monetary Fund’s(IMF)important role in crisis response, welcome its new short-term liquidity facility, and urge the ongoing review of its instruments and facilities to ensure flexibility.Encourage the World Bank and other multilateral development banks(MDBs)to use their full capacity in support of their development agenda, and we welcome the recent introduction of new facilities by the World Bank in the areas of infrastructure and trade finance.Ensure that the IMF, World Bank and other MDBs have sufficient resources to continue playing their role in overcoming the crisis.Common Principles for Reform of Financial Markets

8.In addition to the actions taken above, we will implement reforms that will strengthen financial markets and regulatory regimes so as to avoid future crises.Regulation is first and foremost the responsibility of national regulators who constitute the first line of defense against market instability.However, our financial markets are global in scope, therefore, intensified international cooperation among regulators and strengthening of international standards, where necessary, and their consistent implementation is necessary to protect against adverse cross-border, regional and global developments affecting international financial stability.Regulators must ensure that their actions support market discipline, avoid potentially adverse impacts on other countries, including regulatory arbitrage, and support competition, dynamism and innovation in the marketplace.Financial institutions must also bear their responsibility for the turmoil and should do their part to overcome it including by recognizing losses, improving disclosure and strengthening their governance and risk management practices.9.We commit to implementing policies consistent with the following common principles for reform.Strengthening Transparency and Accountability: We will strengthen financial market transparency, including by enhancing required disclosure on complex financial products and ensuring complete and accurate disclosure by firms of their financial conditions.Incentives should be aligned to avoid excessive risk-taking.Enhancing Sound Regulation: We pledge to strengthen our regulatory regimes, prudential oversight, and risk management, and ensure that all financial markets, products and participants are regulated or subject to oversight, as appropriate to their circumstances.We will exercise strong oversight over credit rating agencies, consistent with the agreed and strengthened international code of conduct.We will also make regulatory regimes more effective over the economic cycle, while ensuring that regulation is efficient, does not stifle innovation, and encourages expanded trade in financial products and services.We commit to transparent assessments of our national regulatory systems.Promoting Integrity in Financial Markets: We commit to protect the integrity of the world’s financial markets by bolstering investor and consumer protection, avoiding conflicts of interest, preventing illegal market manipulation, fraudulent activities and abuse, and protecting against illicit finance risks arising from non-cooperative jurisdictions.We will also promote information sharing, including with respect to jurisdictions that have yet to commit to international standards with respect to bank secrecy and transparency.Reinforcing International Cooperation: We call upon our national and regional regulators to formulate their regulations and other measures in a consistent manner.Regulators should enhance their coordination and cooperation across all segments of financial markets, including with respect to cross-border capital flows.Regulators and other relevant authorities as a matter of priority should strengthen cooperation on crisis prevention, management, and resolution.Reforming International Financial Institutions: We are committed to advancing the reform of the Bretton Woods Institutions so that they can more adequately reflect changing economic weights in the world economy in order to increase their legitimacy and effectiveness.In this respect, emerging and developing economies, including the poorest countries, should have greater voice and representation.The Financial Stability Forum(FSF)must expand urgently to a broader membership of emerging economies, and other major standard setting bodies should promptly review their membership.The IMF, in collaboration with the expanded FSF and other bodies, should work to better identify vulnerabilities, anticipate potential stresses, and act swiftly to play a key role in crisis response.Tasking of Ministers and Experts

10.We are committed to taking rapid action to implement these principles.We instruct our Finance Ministers, as coordinated by their 2009 G-20 leadership(Brazil, UK, Republic of Korea), to initiate processes and a timeline to do so.An initial list of specific measures is set forth in the attached Action Plan, including high priority actions to be completed prior to March 31, 2009.In consultation with other economies and existing bodies, drawing upon the recommendations of such eminent independent experts as they may appoint, we request our Finance Ministers to formulate additional recommendations, including in the following specific areas:

Mitigating against pro-cyclicality in regulatory policy;Reviewing and aligning global accounting standards, particularly for complex securities in times of stress;Strengthening the resilience and transparency of credit derivatives markets and reducing their systemic risks, including by improving the infrastructure of over-the-counter markets;Reviewing compensation practices as they relate to incentives for risk taking and innovation;Reviewing the mandates, governance, and resource requirements of the IFIs;and Defining the scope of systemically important institutions and determining their appropriate regulation or oversight.11.In view of the role of the G-20 in financial systems reform, we will meet again by April 30, 2009, to review the implementation of the principles and decisions agreed today.Commitment to an Open Global Economy

12.We recognize that these reforms will only be successful if grounded in a commitment to free market principles, including the rule of law, respect for private property, open trade and investment, competitive markets, and efficient, effectively regulated financial systems.These principles are essential to economic growth and prosperity and have lifted millions out of poverty, and have significantly raised the global standard of living.Recognizing the necessity to improve financial sector regulation, we must avoid over-regulation that would hamper economic growth and exacerbate the contraction of capital flows, including to developing countries.13.We underscore the critical importance of rejecting protectionism and not turning inward in times of financial uncertainty.In this regard, within the next 12 months, we will refrain from raising new barriers to investment or to trade in goods and services, imposing new export restrictions, or implementing World Trade Organization(WTO)inconsistent measures to stimulate exports.Further, we shall strive to reach agreement this year on modalities that leads to a successful conclusion to the WTO’s Doha Development Agenda with an ambitious and balanced outcome.We instruct our Trade Ministers to achieve this objective and stand ready to assist directly, as necessary.We also agree that our countries have the largest stake in the global trading system and therefore each must make the positive contributions necessary to achieve such an outcome.14.We are mindful of the impact of the current crisis on developing countries, particularly the most vulnerable.We reaffirm the importance of the Millennium Development Goals, the development assistance commitments we have made, and urge both developed and emerging economies to undertake commitments consistent with their capacities and roles in the global economy.In this regard, we reaffirm the development principles agreed at the 2002 United Nations Conference on Financing for Development in Monterrey, Mexico, which emphasized country ownership and mobilizing all sources of financing for development.15.We remain committed to addressing other critical challenges such as energy security and climate change, food security, the rule of law, and the fight against terrorism, poverty and disease.16.As we move forward, we are confident that through continued partnership, cooperation, and multilateralism, we will overcome the challenges before us and restore stability and prosperity to the world economy.Action Plan to Implement Principles for Reform

This Action Plan sets forth a comprehensive work plan to implement the five agreed principles for reform.Our finance ministers will work to ensure that the taskings set forth in this Action Plan are fully and vigorously implemented.They are responsible for the development and implementation of these recommendations drawing on the ongoing work of relevant bodies, including the International Monetary Fund(IMF), an expanded Financial Stability Forum(FSF), and standard setting bodies.Strengthening Transparency and Accountability

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

The key global accounting standards bodies should work to enhance guidance for valuation of securities, also taking into account the valuation of complex, illiquid products, especially during times of stress.Accounting standard setters should significantly advance their work to address weaknesses in accounting and disclosure standards for off-balance sheet vehicles.Regulators and accounting standard setters should enhance the required disclosure of complex financial instruments by firms to market participants.With a view toward promoting financial stability, the governance of the international accounting standard setting body should be further enhanced, including by undertaking a review of its membership, in particular in order to ensure transparency, accountability, and an appropriate relationship between this independent body and the relevant authorities.Private sector bodies that have already developed best practices for private pools of capital and/or hedge funds should bring forward proposals for a set of unified best practices.Finance Ministers should assess the adequacy of these proposals, drawing upon the analysis of regulators, the expanded FSF, and other relevant bodies.Medium-term actions

The key global accounting standards bodies should work intensively toward the objective of creating a single high-quality global standard.Regulators, supervisors, and accounting standard setters, as appropriate, should work with each other and the private sector on an ongoing basis to ensure consistent application and enforcement of high-quality accounting standards.Financial institutions should provide enhanced risk disclosures in their reporting and disclose all losses on an ongoing basis, consistent with international best practice, as appropriate.Regulators should work to ensure that a financial institution’ financial statements include a complete, accurate, and timely picture of the firm’s activities(including off-balance sheet activities)and are reported on a consistent and regular basis.Enhancing Sound Regulation

Regulatory Regimes

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

The IMF, expanded FSF, and other regulators and bodies should develop recommendations to mitigate pro-cyclicality, including the review of how valuation and leverage, bank capital, executive compensation, and provisioning practices may exacerbate cyclical trends.Medium-term actions

To the extent countries or regions have not already done so, each country or region pledges to review and report on the structure and principles of its regulatory system to ensure it is compatible with a modern and increasingly globalized financial system.To this end, all G-20 members commit to undertake a Financial Sector Assessment Program(FSAP)report and support the transparent assessments of countries’ national regulatory systems.The appropriate bodies should review the differentiated nature of regulation in the banking, securities, and insurance sectors and provide a report outlining the issue and making recommendations on needed improvements.A review of the scope of financial regulation, with a special emphasis on institutions, instruments, and markets that are currently unregulated, along with ensuring that all systemically-important institutions are appropriately regulated, should also be undertaken.National and regional authorities should review resolution regimes and bankruptcy laws in light of recent experience to ensure that they permit an orderly wind-down of large complex cross-border financial institutions.Definitions of capital should be harmonized in order to achieve consistent measures of capital and capital adequacy.Prudential Oversight

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

Regulators should take steps to ensure that credit rating agencies meet the highest standards of the international organization of securities regulators and that they avoid conflicts of interest, provide greater disclosure to investors and to issuers, and differentiate ratings for complex products.This will help ensure that credit rating agencies have the right incentives and appropriate oversight to enable them to perform their important role in providing unbiased information and assessments to markets.The international organization of securities regulators should review credit rating agencies’ adoption of the standards and mechanisms for monitoring compliance.Authorities should ensure that financial institutions maintain adequate capital in amounts necessary to sustain confidence.International standard setters should set out strengthened capital requirements for banks’ structured credit and securitization activities.Supervisors and regulators, building on the imminent launch of central counterparty services for credit default swaps(CDS)in some countries, should: speed efforts to reduce the systemic risks of CDS and over-the-counter(OTC)derivatives transactions;insist that market participants support exchange traded or electronic trading platforms for CDS contracts;expand OTC derivatives market transparency;and ensure that the infrastructure for OTC derivatives can support growing volumes.Medium-term actions

Credit Ratings Agencies that provide public ratings should be registered.Supervisors and central banks should develop robust and internationally consistent approaches for liquidity supervision of, and central bank liquidity operations for, cross-border banks.Risk Management

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

Regulators should develop enhanced guidance to strengthen banks’ risk management practices, in line with international best practices, and should encourage financial firms to reexamine their internal controls and implement strengthened policies for sound risk management.Regulators should develop and implement procedures to ensure that financial firms implement policies to better manage liquidity risk, including by creating strong liquidity cushions.Supervisors should ensure that financial firms develop processes that provide for timely and comprehensive measurement of risk concentrations and large counterparty risk positions across products and geographies.Firms should reassess their risk management models to guard against stress and report to supervisors on their efforts.The Basel Committee should study the need for and help develop firms’ new stress testing models, as appropriate.Financial institutions should have clear internal incentives to promote stability, and action needs to be taken, through voluntary effort or regulatory action, to avoid compensation schemes which reward excessive short-term returns or risk taking.Banks should exercise effective risk management and due diligence over structured products and securitization.Medium-term actions

International standard setting bodies, working with a broad range of economies and other appropriate bodies, should ensure that regulatory policy makers are aware and able to respond rapidly to evolution and innovation in financial markets and products.Authorities should monitor substantial changes in asset prices and their implications for the macroeconomy and the financial system.Promoting Integrity in Financial Markets

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

Our national and regional authorities should work together to enhance regulatory cooperation between jurisdictions on a regional and international level.National and regional authorities should work to promote information sharing about domestic and cross-border threats to market stability and ensure that national(or regional, where applicable)legal provisions are adequate to address these threats.National and regional authorities should also review business conduct rules to protect markets and investors, especially against market manipulation and fraud and strengthen their cross-border cooperation to protect the international financial system from illicit actors.In case of misconduct, there should be an appropriate sanctions regime.Medium-term actions

National and regional authorities should implement national and international measures that protect the global financial system from uncooperative and non-transparent jurisdictions that pose risks of illicit financial activity.The Financial Action Task Force should continue its important work against money laundering and terrorist financing, and we support the efforts of the World Bank-UN Stolen Asset Recovery(StAR)Initiative.Tax authorities, drawing upon the work of relevant bodies such as the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD), should continue efforts to promote tax information exchange.Lack of transparency and a failure to exchange tax information should be vigorously addressed.Reinforcing International Cooperation

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

Supervisors should collaborate to establish supervisory colleges for all major cross-border financial institutions, as part of efforts to strengthen the surveillance of cross-border firms.Major global banks should meet regularly with their supervisory college for comprehensive discussions of the firm’s activities and assessment of the risks it faces.Regulators should take all steps necessary to strengthen cross-border crisis management arrangements, including on cooperation and communication with each other and with appropriate authorities, and develop comprehensive contact lists and conduct simulation exercises, as appropriate.Medium-term actions

Authorities, drawing especially on the work of regulators, should collect information on areas where convergence in regulatory practices such as accounting standards, auditing, and deposit insurance is making progress, is in need of accelerated progress, or where there may be potential for progress.Authorities should ensure that temporary measures to restore stability and confidence have minimal distortions and are unwound in a timely, well-sequenced and coordinated manner.Reforming International Financial Institutions

Immediate Actions by March 31, 2009

The FSF should expand to a broader membership of emerging economies.The IMF, with its focus on surveillance, and the expanded FSF, with its focus on standard setting, should strengthen their collaboration, enhancing efforts to better integrate regulatory and supervisory responses into the macro-prudential policy framework and conduct early warning exercises.The IMF, given its universal membership and core macro-financial expertise, should, in close coordination with the FSF and others, take a leading role in drawing lessons from the current crisis, consistent with its mandate.We should review the adequacy of the resources of the IMF, the World Bank Group and other multilateral development banks and stand ready to increase them where necessary.The IFIs should also continue to review and adapt their lending instruments to adequately meet their members’ needs and revise their lending role in the light of the ongoing financial crisis.We should explore ways to restore emerging and developing countries’ access to credit and resume private capital flows which are critical for sustainable growth and development, including ongoing infrastructure investment.In cases where severe market disruptions have limited access to the necessary financing for counter-cyclical fiscal policies, multilateral development banks must ensure arrangements are in place to support, as needed, those countries with a good track record and sound policies.Medium-term actions

We underscored that the Bretton Woods Institutions must be comprehensively reformed so that they can more adequately reflect changing economic weights in the world economy and be more responsive to future challenges.Emerging and developing economies should have greater voice and representation in these institutions.The IMF should conduct vigorous and even-handed surveillance reviews of all countries, as well as giving greater attention to their financial sectors and better integrating the reviews with the joint IMF/World Bank financial sector assessment programs.On this basis, the role of the IMF in providing macro-financial policy advice would be strengthened.Advanced economies, the IMF, and other international organizations should provide capacity-building programs for emerging market economies and developing countries on the formulation and the implementation of new major regulations, consistent with international standards.部分译文：

声明分析了危机产生的根源、说明各国已采取并将采取的行动、阐述改革金融市场的共同原则和实施这些原则的行动计划、承诺各国将继续致力于对开放的全球经济。

加强金融市场和监管机制五原则

就未来采取的行动而言，声明表示各国将继续一切必要的行动稳定金融体系；意识到货币政策支持的重要性；使用财政手段迅速刺激国内需求，同时保持有助于财政可持续性的政策框架；帮助新兴市场和发展中国家在目前紧缩的金融条件下获得资金，包括提供流动性工具和项目支持；强调国际货币基金组织（IMF）在应对此次危机中的重要作用，欢迎IMF提供短期流动性工具，敦促IMF保证流动性；鼓励世界银行和其他多边开发银行尽其全力发展项目，欢迎世行最近在基础设施和贸易融资领域引进的新工具；保证IMF、世行和多边开发银行拥 有足够的资源应对此次危机。

声明还就加强金融市场和监管机制制定了五个原则：

——增强透明度和问责制，包括加强复杂金融产品的必要披露，要求金融机构保证对其内部情况的完全和准确披露，同时向那些避免过度追逐风险的行为提供激励；

——加强稳健的监管，保证所有的金融市场、产品和参与者受到合适的监管，对信用评级机构实施强有力的监督，使其行为符合达成共识的国际行为规范，保证监管机制不会阻碍创新、鼓励加大金融产品和金融服务的交易；

——推动金融市场的公正，包括加强对投资者和消费者的保护，避免利益冲突，防止非法市场操纵和诈骗行为，加强信息共享；

——加强国际合作，要求国家和地区监管机构在制定监管规定时保持一致性，在监管跨界资本流动时加强相互协作，监管机构应优先考虑在危机预防、管理、和解决领域的合作；

——改革国际金融机构，致力于推动“布雷顿森林体系”的改革，使其更好地反映国际经济力量的变化，保证国际金融机构的合法性和有效性，因此新兴市场和发展中国家，包括最贫困国家应该拥有更大发言权和代表性。金融稳定论坛（FSF）也亟待扩展，接纳更多的新兴市场国家，其他设立标准的主要国际机构也应考虑成员国代表性的问题。IMF以及扩大成员国后的FSF应迅速行动起来，在危机应对中扮演关键性角色。而在阐述原则的同时，声明以超乎寻常的速度制定了与原则相应的行动计划：

——马上采取行动，到明年3月31日前，全球主要的会计准则制定机构应当加强对证券定价的指导，同时考虑复杂、流动性差产品的定价问题。而中期行动计划应致力于实现单一的高质量全球会计标准；

——到明年3月31日前，IMF和扩大的FSF需要提出建议，如何防止定价、债务、银行资本、管理层薪酬以及有关拨备的相关规定不会恶化经济周期的走势。保证信用评级机构符合证券监管机构的最高标准。减少信贷违约掉期（CDS）和场外衍生品交易的系统风险。中期目标是，20国承诺发表“金融部门评估项目”报告，支持对国家监管体制的透明评估。评估清算机制和破产法律，保证大型跨国金融机构的清算破产可以有序进行。有关资本的定义应当趋同，以便可以在资本充足率方面采取一致的措施。提供公共评级服务的信用评级机构应该注册；

——从现在起到明年3月31日，监管机构应合作建立监管共同体，对所有主要的跨境金融机构实施监管。中期目标是确保监管机构在会计标准、审计、和存款保证方面更加趋同，同时保证旨在恢复稳定和信心的临时性措施给市场造成的扭曲最小； ——从现在到明年3月31日，注重监管的IMF和侧重标准设定的FSF应增强合作，更好地将监管层的反应同稳健的宏观政策相结合，提供早期预警。鉴于 IMF的普遍代表性，应该在危机教训总结方面起到领导性作用。同时评估IMF、世行和多边性开发银行资本充足率，必要时向其注资。中期目标是要全面改革“ 布雷顿森林体系”，IMF应对所有成员国进行严格和公正的监管评议，同时更多的注意成员国的金融部门，加强IMF在提供宏观金融政策建议方面的作用。

二十国集团金融市场和世界经济峰会发表宣言 2008年11月16日 04:44新华网

11月15日，中国国家主席胡锦涛在华盛顿出席二十国集团领导人金融市场和世界经济峰会。这是与会各国领导人合影。新华社记者 李学仁 摄

新华网华盛顿11月15日电（记者 赵毅 葛相文）二十国集团领导人金融市场和世界经济峰会15日发表宣言，强调在世界经济和国际金融市场面临严重挑战之际，与会国家决心加强合作，努力恢复全球增长，实现世界金融体系的必要改革。宣言指出，市场原则、开放的贸易和投资体系、得到有效监管的金融市场是确保经济发展、就业和减贫的基本因素。

宣言分析了当前危机的根源，指出宏观经济政策缺乏连贯性，市场参与者过度追逐高收益，缺乏风险评估和履行相应责任，经济结构改革不充分等阻碍了全球宏观经济的可持续发展，导致风险过度，最终引发严重的市场混乱。

宣言说，面对国际金融危机的严峻挑战，有关国家已经开始采取一系列重大行动，以刺激经济增长，改善金融机构资本状况，保护储蓄与存款，弥补监管缺失，解冻信贷市场。在这些措施和行动的基础上，会议希望和鼓励国际货币基金组织、世界银行和其他多边开发银行在应对危机方面发挥更加积极的作用，在基础设施和贸易融资领域引入新的贷款机制。

宣言说，在金融市场已全球化的今天，各国监管当局在履行自身职责的同时，必须加强国际合作，支持市场竞争与创新，加强金融市场透明度及监管机制，确保所有金融市场、产品和参与者都受到相应监管或监督。

宣言说，与会国将根据公认和强化的国际行为准则，促进和保护世界金融市场的诚信，防止非法操纵市场、欺诈和滥用行为，防范金融风险。

宣言强调，在金融不稳定时期更应反对保护主义，反对为投资或商品和服务贸易设置新壁垒，反对采取新的出口限制措施或采取不符合世界贸易组织规定的刺激出口措施。

宣言强调要继续致力于应对其他重要挑战，包括能源安全和气候变化、粮食安全、法治、反恐、贫困和疾病。

宣言表示相信，通过持续的伙伴关系、合作和多边主义，国际社会一定能战胜挑战，恢复世界经济稳定与繁荣。

宣言最后说，二十国集团将于2009年4月30日之前再次举行会议，审议其今天确定的有关原则和决定的落实情况。

第二篇：二十国集团工商峰会 B20 summit

二十国集团工商峰会 B20 summit Business 20, a major support group for the G20 from industrial and commercial circles, has called on world leaders to make clear and transparent policies, as well as effective standards for handling disputes, to curb rising protectionism in international investment.二十国集团工商界活动组织呼吁世界各国领导人制定清晰透明的政策以及解决争议的有效标准，以遏制国际投资领域不断加剧的保护主义。

二十国集团工商峰会（B20 summit）是二十国集团工商界领导人的峰会（summit of business leaders from the G20 countries），一般在二十国集团领导人峰会（G20）前一天开幕。第一届B20峰会于2012年在墨西哥的洛斯卡沃斯召开，今年是第六届。

中国外交部宣布，中国国家主席习近平将出席9月3日B20峰会开幕式并发表主旨演讲。阿根廷、南非、土耳其、澳大利亚和加拿大等五国领导人以及国际货币基金组织（International Monetary Fund）、世界银行（World Bank）、世贸组织（World Trade Organization）等重要国际组织负责人也将出席峰会，与工商界代表同台交流。

作为G20机制的重要配套活动，B20是各国工商界参与全球经济治理（global economic governance）和推动世界经济增长（improve world economic growth）的重要平台。B20通过举办议题工作组会议和峰会活动，汇集国际工商界意见、形成政策建议报告（policy recommendations），向G20峰会提交，供G20成员领导人决策参考。

B20围绕今年G20杭州峰会的四项重点议题代表全球工商界提出了20项政策建议。

Break a new path for global economic growth by: 为全球经济增长开辟出一条新路：

1.Implementing programs such as the SMART(Sustainable innovation, Massive public platform, Accessible network, Revolutionary reform, and Technological innovation)innovation initiative to encourage entrepreneurship and innovation 实施“智慧创新计划”等项目，鼓励创业和创新 2.Accelerating the pipeline of high-quality bankable projects and promoting the creation of financial instruments to facilitate infrastructure investment 加速高质量可盈利项目的筹备工作，促进金融工具创新为基础设施投资提供支持

3.Enhancing the catalytic role of multilateral development banks(MDBs)and institutions in enabling private-sector infrastructure investment 在民间基础设施投资方面加强多边发展银行和机构的促进作用

4.Facilitating the development of green financing and investment markets 推动绿色金融和投资市场发展

5.Stimulating financial inclusion by embracing digital technology innovation 采用数字技术创新，增强金融服务普及性

Develop more effective and efficient global economic and financial governance by: 实行更加便捷有效的全球经济及金融治理：

6.Optimizing global financial regulations to support growth 优化全球金融管理规范，为增长提供支持

7.Facilitating the access of small-and medium-sized entreprises(SMEs)to bank financing and alternative funding 为中小企业获得银行融资及其他方式的资金提供便利

8.Adopting consistent and aligned tax policies to drive inclusive growth 实施连贯一致的税收政策，促进包容性增长

9.Strengthening intergovernmental cooperation against corruption, and supporting the building of capacity for stronger anti-corruption compliance 加强反腐的政府间合作，支持建立一个更加强有力的反腐联盟

10.Promoting a more transparent environment for business in order to bolster competition 为商业活动提供一个更加透明的环境，鼓励竞争 Encourage robust international trade and investment by: 鼓励强劲的国际贸易和投资：

11.Strengthening the multilateral trading system and eliminating new protectionist measures while rolling back existing measures to enable trade growth 加强多边贸易体系，摒弃新的保护主义措施，利用现有措施促进贸易增长 12.Ratifying the Trade Facilitation Agreement(TFA)by the end of 2016 and committing to rapid implementation 2016年底通过《贸易便捷化协定》，并承诺尽快实施

13.Endorsing the concept of the Electronic World Trade Platform(eWTP)to incubate cross-border electronic trade(e-trade)rules and aid e-trade development 支持世界电子贸易平台的概念，酝酿跨境电子贸易规则，并协助电子贸易发展 14.Developing coordinated capacity-building and certification programs to ease the inclusion of SMEs into global value chains(GVCs)发展协同的能力建设及认证体系，放宽中小企业进入全球价值链的要求 15.Enhancing the global investment policy environment in order to boost investment 改善全球投资政策环境，促进投资

Promote inclusive and interconnected development by: 鼓励包容互通的发展：

16.Removing structural barriers to increase youth employment, and implementing initiatives to raise the participation rate of women in the labor force 去除结构阻力，增加年轻人就业，实施旨在提高女性在劳动力中所占比例的计划

17.Enacting policies to assess and reduce skill mismatches and capability gaps in the workforce 实施劳动力技术评估及减少技术不匹配和能力差距的政策 18.Lowering compliance costs and improving access to public procurement markets in order to support SME growth 降低企业成本，增加进入公共采购市场的渠道，支持中小企业发展

19.Enabling and promoting innovative technologies and best-practice asset management that support whole-project life-cycle productivity of infrastructure projects 加强并促进创新技术，加强为基础设施提供全项目生命周期生产力支持的最佳资产管理方案

20.Strengthening or establishing national, regional, and global initiatives to enhance infrastructure interconnectivity 加强或建立促进基础设施互联互通的全国性、地区性以及全球性行动方案 最后补充一句，G20峰会的配套活动除了财长及央行行长会议（meetings of finance ministers and central bank governors）和上面提到的B20以外，还有C20（summits of civil society delegates from the G20 countries，二十国集团民间社会代表峰会）、T20（summits of the think tanks from the G20 countries，二十国集团智库峰会）、L20（summits of labour and employment ministers from the G20 countries，二十国集团劳工就业部长峰会）等一系列会议。

第三篇：2019年G20二十国集团杭州峰会邀请函-

2019年G20二十国集团杭州峰会邀请函-范文汇编

2016年二十国集团领导人峰会(以下简称G20杭州峰会)将于9月4日至5日在杭州召开,下面，小编为您带来2016年G20二十国集团杭州峰会邀请函，欢迎浏览!

杭州市人民政府办公厅关于2016年二十国集团领导人峰会期间

调休放假安排的通知

杭政办函〔2016〕75号

各区、县(市)人民政府，市政府各部门、各直属单位：

2016年二十国集团领导人峰会(以下简称G20杭州峰会)将于9月4日至5日在杭州召开。为确保与会各国代表团顺利抵达和离杭返程，尽量减少对全市交通和市民出行的影响，经国务院和省政府批准，现就G20杭州峰会期间调休放假的安排通知如下：

一、调休放假时间

9月1日至9月7日，共7天。其中：

2天为双休日：9月3日(星期六)、9月4日(星期日);

3天为调休：9月1日(星期四)上班调到8月28日(星期日)，9月6日(星期二)上班调到9月10日(星期六)，9月7日(星期三)上班调到9月11日(星期日);

2天为实际放假：9月2日(星期五)、9月5日(星期一)。

二、调休放假范围

杭州市9个城区：上城区、下城区、江干区、拱墅区、西湖区、滨江区、萧山区、余杭区、富阳区。

桐庐县、淳安县、建德市、临安市不实行调休放假。

三、调休放假对象

除保障G20杭州峰会和配套活动、城市运行等必要的工作岗位，以及承担峰会接待、维稳安保、医疗保障、新闻报道等任务的单位和人员外，在杭的中央部属、省级机关、事业单位和社会团体，杭州市及区(含下属乡镇、街道及基层组织)机关、事业单位和社会团体，驻杭机构等实行调休放假。市区企业和其他社会组织，可根据实际情况自行安排，原则上建议调休放假。

四、有关事项

在调休放假期间，有关部门和单位要认真做好应急值守、安全生产、安保维稳、市场供应等各项工作，确保社会生产生活正常进行。

杭州市人民政府办公厅

2016年x月x日

G20有助中国与世界对接新常态

G20所提出的结构性改革，在很大程度上也体现出中国的意愿。这次G20杭州峰会的主题如包容和互联、创新等都体现了中国的诉求。但这并不是我们单独的需求，实际上这些诉求很多都是良性互动的，也会给其他国家带来机会。

中国虽然是世界上第二大经济大国，但还不能说是经济强国，如果未来中国在世界经济中从旁观者走向引领者，我们就有能力对世界发挥力量，但前提是我们自己得把自己做强了。所以我们需要从顶层设计入手，把供给侧结构性改革推进下去，不能像过去一样简单地靠需求拉动，因为这样产生的产能还是过剩的低端产能。

事实上，未来的世界经济充满变革。在第四次工业工业革命，也就是智能化革命中，我们中国也需要走上制高点。这种情况下，我们对G20提出的9大结构性改革也符合我们中国结构性改革的需求，即从要素驱动、资本驱动转向创新驱动，这恰恰是中国经济的新常态。换句话说，我们需要把中国的经济新常态和世界经济的新常态相对接，把我们的供给侧改革和其他国家的互联互通和产能合作连接起来，这样才能真正起到创新的作用。如果没有这些合作，那么我们也就是自拉自唱，效果有限。中国这些年并不是靠挤压其他国家的空间去谋求发展的，而很多国家实际上对中国抱有偏见。现在通过G20这样的一个平台，让各个国家把自己的意愿反映出来，找到利益的最大公约数，这样可能每一个国家最终得到的都不是原来设想的最大化的利益，但是至少比不合作要强。

第四篇：中英双语 二十国集团领导人杭州峰会开幕辞

中英双语

二十国集团领导人杭州峰会开幕辞

构建创新、活力、联动、包容的世界经济Towards an Innovative, Invigorated, Interconnected and Inclusive World Economy ——在二十国集团领导人杭州峰会上的开幕辞Opening Remarks by H.E.Xi Jinping President of the People’s Republic of China At the G20 Hangzhou Summit（2016年9月4日，杭州）Dear Colleagues,各位同事：

The G20 Hangzhou Summit now begins.我宣布，二十国集团领导人杭州峰会开幕！

It gives me great pleasure to meet you here in Hangzhou, and I wish to extend a warm welcome to you all.很高兴同大家相聚杭州。首先，我谨对各位同事的到来，表示热烈欢迎！extend a warm welcome to对…表示热烈欢迎

The G20 Summit in Antalya last year was a big success.I wish to use this opportunity to thank Turkey once again for its outstanding job and the positive outcomes achieved during its presidency.Under the theme “Collective Action for Inclusive and Robust Growth”, Turkey brought about progress in inclusiveness, implementation and investment.China highly commends[1] Turkey’s efforts on various fronts during its G20 presidency.去年，二十国集团领导人安塔利亚峰会开得很成功。我也愿借此机会，再次感谢去年主席国土耳其的出色工作和取得的积极成果。土耳其以“共同行动以实现包容和稳健增长”作为峰会主题，从“包容、落实、投资”三方面推动产生成果，中国一直积极评价土耳其在担任主席国期间开展的各项工作。

outstanding job and the positive outcomes出色工作，积极成果Collective Action for Inclusive and Robust Growth共同行动以实现包容和稳健增长on various fronts各方面，各项工作 [1]commend [k?'mend]to formally praise someone or something 赞扬，称赞，表彰The judge commended her for/on her bravery.法官称赞了她的勇敢。For a low-budget film, it has much to commend it(= it deserves praise).作为一部低预算影片，它有不少值得称道之处。It says on the back cover of the book 'highly commended'.书的封底上写着“隆重推荐”。Last November in Antalya, I talked to you about Hangzhou by quoting a Chinese saying, “Up in heaven, there is paradise;down on earth, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.” And I said that I trust the Hangzhou Summit will be a unique setting where history is blended with modernity.I am glad you have accepted my invitation and come to Hangzhou.Present here are old and new friends of mine, and we will discuss ways to sustain global growth.去年11月，我在安塔利亚向大家介绍，上有天堂，下有苏杭，相信杭州峰会将给大家呈现一种历史和现实交汇的独特韵味。今天，当时的邀请已经变成现实。在座的有老朋友，也有新朋友，大家齐聚杭州，共商世界经济发展大计。Up in heaven, there is paradise;down on earth, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou上有天堂，下有苏杭a unique setting where history is blended with modernity一种历史和现实交汇的独特韵味

In the next two days, under the theme of the Summit, we will have discussions on strengthening policy coordination, breaking a new path for growth, more effective and efficient global economic and financial governance, robust international trade and investment, inclusive and interconnected development, as well as other issues affecting the world economy.未来两天，我们将围绕峰会主题，就加强宏观政策协调、创新增长方式，更高效的全球经济金融治理，强劲的国际贸易和投资，包容和联动式发展，影响世界经济的其他突出问题等议题展开讨论。

strengthening policy coordination加强（宏观）政策协调breaking a new path for growth创新增长方式global economic and financial governance全球经济金融治理international trade and investment国际贸易和投资 Eight years ago, at the height of the international financial crisis, the G20, acting in a spirit of unity and partnership, pulled the world economy back from the precipice[2] and pushed it onto the track of stability and recovery.Thanks to this daring initiative, unity prevailed over differences and common good prevailed over selfish interests.The crisis focused global attention on the G20 and established it as the premier forum for international economic cooperation.8年前，在国际金融危机最紧要关头，二十国集团临危受命，秉持同舟共济的伙伴精神，把正在滑向悬崖的世界经济拉回到稳定和复苏轨道。这是一次创举，团结战胜了分歧，共赢取代了私利。这场危机，让人们记住了二十国集团，也确立了二十国集团作为国际经济合作主要论坛的地位。

at the height of在…的高度;在…的高潮中,在…的最盛时期the daring initiative创举@LearnAndRecordunity prevailed over differences团结战胜了分歧common good prevailed over selfish interests共赢取代了私利

[2]precipice ['pres?p?s]a dangerous situation that could lead to harm or failure 险境，危局a very steep side of a cliff or a mountain 悬崖，峭壁This latest tax increase may push many small companies over the financial precipice.最近的这次增税可能会使许多小公司的财务陷入险境。The film opens with a shot of a climber dangling from a precipice.电影开始时是一个登山者悬在峭壁上的镜头。

Today, eight years on, the global economy has again reached a critical juncture.The conventional engines driving global growth over the past decades, such as scientific and technological progress, population growth and economic globalization, have entered a transitional period, and their ability to stimulate global growth is notably weaker.The growth momentum generated by the last round of scientific and technological progress is diminishing, while the new round of scientific and industrial revolution has just started.8年后的今天，世界经济又走到一个关键当口。科技进步、人口增长、经济全球化等过去数十年推动世界经济增长的主要引擎都先后进入换挡期，对世界经济的拉动作用明显减弱。上一轮科技进步带来的增长动能逐渐衰减，新一轮科技和产业革命尚未形成势头。

reach a critical juncture到了一个关键时刻scientific and technological progress科技进步population growth人口增长economic globalization经济全球化enter a transitional period 进入换挡期the growth momentum增长动能

Population aging is happening in all major economies, and the decline in population growth puts economic and social pressure on countries.Economic globalization is suffering setbacks, protectionism and inward-looking trends are on the rise, and the multilateral trading regime is under pressure.Despite notable progress made in financial regulatory reform, the risks of excessive leverage and bubbles continue to build up.To ensure that the financial market effectively meets the need of the real economy while maintaining stability remains a major challenge to the international community.主要经济体先后进入老龄化社会，人口增长率下降，给各国经济社会带来压力。经济全球化出现波折，保护主义、内顾倾向抬头，多边贸易体制受到冲击。金融监管改革虽有明显进展，但高杠杆、高泡沫等风险仍在积聚。如何让金融市场在保持稳定的同时有效服务实体经济，仍然是各国需要解决的重要课题。the multilateral trading regime 多边贸易体制financial regulatory reform金融监管改革excessive leverage and bubbles高杠杆、高泡沫

Under the impact of all these factors, the global economy, while still on the road to recovery, faces multiple risks and challenges such as weak growth momentum, sluggish demand, volatility in the financial market and low growth in international trade and investment.在这些因素综合作用下，世界经济虽然总体保持复苏态势，但面临增长动力不足、需求不振、金融市场反复动荡、国际贸易和投资持续低迷等多重风险和挑战。weak growth momentum增长动力不足sluggish demand需求不振volatility in the financial market金融市场反复动荡low growth in international trade and investment国际贸易和投资持续低迷

The G20 consists of the world’s major economies.Its critical role and impact place the G20 at the forefront of the global efforts to tackle risks and challenges and expand the space of growth.The international community has great expectation for the G20 and places high hopes on the Hangzhou Summit.In response, we should find solutions to the problems we face through both individual and collective efforts.I hope the Hangzhou Summit will build on previous progress to provide a solution that addresses both the symptoms and root causes of the global economic problems and achieve strong, sustainable, balanced and inclusive global growth.二十国集团聚集了世界主要经济体，影响和作用举足轻重，也身处应对风险挑战、开拓增长空间的最前沿。国际社会对二十国集团充满期待，对这次峰会寄予厚望。我们需要通过各自行动和集体合力，直面问题，共寻答案。希望杭州峰会能够在以往的基础上，为世界经济开出一剂标本兼治、综合施策的药方，让世界经济走上强劲、可持续、平衡、包容增长之路。tackle risks and challenges应对风险挑战expand the space of growth开拓增长空间place high hopes on寄予厚望 First, in the face of these challenges, we should strengthen macroeconomic policy coordination and jointly promote global growth and uphold international financial stability.The G20 members should pursue more comprehensive macroeconomic policies in keeping with their own national realities and employ various policy tools, including fiscal, monetary and structural reform policies, to expand aggregate global demand, improve the quality of supply and bolster the foundation of growth.We should, in conjunction with the formulation and implementation of the Hangzhou Action Plan, continue to strengthen policy coordination, reduce negative spillovers, and work together to uphold financial stability and boost market confidence.第一，面对当前挑战，我们应该加强宏观经济政策协调，合力促进全球经济增长、维护金融稳定。二十国集团成员应该结合本国实际，采取更加全面的宏观经济政策，使用多种有效政策工具，统筹兼顾财政、货币、结构性改革政策，努力扩大全球总需求，全面改善供给质量，巩固经济增长基础。应该结合制定和落实《杭州行动计划》，继续加强政策协调，减少负面外溢效应，共同维护金融稳定，提振市场信心。@LearnAndRecord strengthen macroeconomic policy coordination加强宏观经济政策协调jointly promote global growth合力促进全球经济增长uphold international financial stability维护金融稳定expand aggregate global demand扩大全球总需求improve the quality of supply改善供给质量bolster the foundation of growth巩固（经济）增长基础in conjunction with连同，共同；与…协力reduce negative spillovers减少负面外溢效应

Second, in the face of these challenges, we should break a new path for growth and generate new growth momentum.The G20 should change its policy approach, and place equal importance on both short-term and medium-to long-term policies and both demand-side management and supply-side reform.This year, we have agreed on the G20 Blueprint on Innovative Growth and made the unanimous[3] decision to break a new path and expand new frontier for the world economy through innovation, structural reform, new industrial revolution and the development of digital economy.We should stay committed to these initiatives to remove the root cause of sluggish recovery and weak growth that plagues[4] the global economy, and lay a solid foundation for achieving a new round of global growth and prosperity.第二，面对当前挑战，我们应该创新发展方式，挖掘增长动能。二十国集团应该调整政策思路，做到短期政策和中长期政策并重，需求侧管理和供给侧改革并重。今年，我们已经就《二十国集团创新增长蓝图》达成共识，一致决定通过创新、结构性改革、新工业革命、数字经济等新方式，为世界经济开辟新道路，拓展新边界。要沿着这一方向坚定走下去，帮助世界经济彻底摆脱复苏乏力、增长脆弱的局面，为世界经济迎来新一轮增长和繁荣打下坚实基础。place equal importance on both short-term and medium-to long-term policies短期政策和中长期政策并重make the unanimous decision to一致决定

[3]unanimous [ju?'n?n?m?s]If a group of people are unanimous, they all agree about one particular matter or vote the same way, and if a decision or judgment is unanimous, it is formed or supported by everyone in a group.（团体）意见一致的；（决定或裁决）一致通过的，获得全体支持的The jury returned a unanimous verdict of guilty after a short deliberation.陪审团经过短时间商讨后一致裁决有罪。After a lengthy discussion we reached a unanimous decision on the proposal.经过长时间讨论，我们对这一提案作出了一致决定。[4]plague [ple?g]to cause worry, pain, or difficulty to someone or something over a period of time 不断困扰；折磨；使受煎熬Financial problems have been plaguing their new business partners.财政问题一直困扰着他们的新商业合作伙伴。Third, in the face of these challenges, we should improve global economic governance and strengthen institutional safeguards.The G20 should continue to improve the international monetary and financial systems and the governance structure of international financial institutions and fully leverage the role of the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights.We should strengthen the global financial safety net, and enhance cooperation in financial regulation, international taxation and combating corruption to boost the resilience of the world economy against risks.This year, we have restarted the G20 International Financial Architecture Working Group.I hope that the working group will continue its work and become more effective.第三，面对当前挑战，我们应该完善全球经济治理，夯实机制保障。二十国集团应该不断完善国际货币金融体系，优化国际金融机构治理结构，充分发挥国际货币基金组织特别提款权作用。应该完善全球金融安全网，加强在金融监管、国际税收、反腐败领域合作，提高世界经济抗风险能力。今年，我们重启了二十国集团国际金融架构工作组，希望继续向前推进，不断提高有效性。

improve global economic governance完善全球经济治理strengthen institutional safeguards夯实机制保障improve the international monetary and financial systems完善国际货币金融体系the governance structure of international financial institutions国际金融机构治理结构fully leverage the role of充分发挥...作用

Fourth, in the face of these challenges, we should build an open global economy and continue to promote facilitation and liberalization of trade and investment.Protectionism is like drinking poison to quench one’s thirst: It may ease a country’s internal pressure in the short term, but will only inflict severe damage to the country itself and the world economy in the long run.第四，面对当前挑战，我们应该建设开放型世界经济，继续推动贸易和投资自由化便利化。保护主义政策如饮鸩止渴，看似短期内能缓解一国内部压力，但从长期看将给自身和世界经济造成难以弥补的伤害。

build an open global economy建设开放型世界经济promote facilitation and liberalization of trade and investment推动贸易和投资自由化便利化drinking poison to quench one’s thirst饮鸩止渴

The G20 should resolutely oppose the beggar-thy-neighbor policy, and advocate and promote the building of an open global economy.We should honor our commitment of not adopting new protectionist measures, strengthen coordination and cooperation on investment policies and take credible steps to stimulate trade growth.Infrastructure connectivity should be enhanced so as to bring developing countries and small and medium-sized companies into the global value chain and make the global economy more open and integrated.二十国集团应该坚决避免以邻为壑，做开放型世界经济的倡导者和推动者，恪守不采取新的保护主义措施的承诺，加强投资政策协调合作，采取切实行动促进贸易增长。我们应该发挥基础设施互联互通的辐射效应和带动作用，帮助发展中国家和中小企业深入参与全球价值链，推动全球经济进一步开放、交流、融合。

take credible steps to采取切实行动Infrastructure connectivity基础设施互联互通

Fifth, in the face of these challenges, we should implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and promote inclusive development.To achieve common development is the shared aspiration of all peoples, especially those of the developing countries.According to the relevant statistics, the Gini coefficient has exceeded the widely-recognized alarm level of 0.6 and reached around 0.7 globally.This is something that we must pay close attention to.This year, development is high on the G20 agenda, and we have committed ourselves to implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and formulated an action plan.第五，面对当前挑战，我们应该落实2030年可持续发展议程，促进包容性发展。实现共同发展是各国人民特别是发展中国家人民的普遍愿望。据有关统计，现在世界基尼系数已经达到0.7左右，超过了公认的0.6“危险线”，必须引起我们的高度关注。今年，我们把发展置于二十国集团议程的突出位置，共同承诺积极落实2030年可持续发展议程，并制定了行动计划。

We will also support industrialization in Africa and the least developed countries, expand energy access and improve energy efficiency, encourage more consumption of clean and renewable energy, promote financial inclusion and encourage the young people to start their own businesses.Through these means and more, we can reduce the inequality and imbalance in global development and deliver the benefits of global growth to people of all countries.同时，我们还将通过支持非洲和最不发达国家工业化、提高能源可及性、提高能效、加强清洁能源和可再生能源利用、发展普惠金融、鼓励青年创业等方式，减少全球发展不平等和不平衡，使各国人民共享世界经济增长成果。

expand energy access提高能源可及性improve energy efficiency提高能效promote financial inclusion发展普惠金融 Dear Colleagues,各位同事！The G20 carries high expectation of the international community and shoulders a heavy responsibility.We must ensure that the G20 fully plays its role of keeping the world economy on the track of prosperity and stability.二十国集团承载着世界各国期待，使命重大。我们要努力把二十国集团建设好，为世界经济繁荣稳定把握好大方向。

shoulder a heavy responsibility承担重大责任，使命重大 First, the G20 must keep up with the changing times and lead the way forward.The G20 should adapt itself to the needs of the global economy and further transform itself from a mechanism of crisis response to one of long-term governance.When major issues emerge, the G20 has the responsibility to play a leading role and, with strategic vision, set the direction and blaze the trail for global growth.第一，与时俱进，发挥引领作用。二十国集团应该根据世界经济需要，调整自身发展方向，进一步从危机应对向长效治理机制转型。面对重大突出问题，二十国集团有责任发挥领导作用，展现战略视野，为世界经济指明方向，开拓路径。

keep up with the changing times与时俱进lead the way forward发挥引领作用blaze the trail for开拓路径

Second, the G20 should fully honor its commitment.As a Chinese saying puts it, one thousand promises do not count as much as one real action.We should make the G20 an action team instead of a talk shop.This year, we have formulated action plans for many areas such as sustainable development, green finance, energy efficiency and combating corruption, and each and every plan should be implemented.第二，知行合一，采取务实行动。承诺一千，不如落实一件。我们应该让二十国集团成为行动队，而不是清谈馆。今年，我们在可持续发展、绿色金融、提高能效、反腐败等诸多领域制定了行动计划，要把每一项行动落到实处。

honor its commitment恪守承诺；履行承诺one thousand promises do not count as much as one real action承诺一千，不如落实一件We should make the G20 an action team instead of a talk shop.我们应该让二十国集团成为行动队，而不是清谈馆。

Third, the G20 should become a platform of cooperation built through joint efforts that delivers benefits to all.We should continue to strengthen the institutional building of the G20 to sustain and deepen our cooperation.We should solicit[5] proposals for improvement and heed[6] the views of all countries, especially the developing countries, so as to make the G20 more inclusive and better respond to the demand of people of different countries.第三，共建共享，打造合作平台。我们应该继续加强二十国集团机制建设，确保合作延续和深入。广纳良言，充分倾听世界各国特别是发展中国家声音，使二十国集团工作更具包容性，更好回应各国人民诉求。[5]solicit [s?'l?s?t]to ask someone for money, information, or help 请求，索求，乞求to solicit donations for a charity呼吁人们向一个慈善机构捐款It is illegal for public officials to solicit gifts or money in exchange for favours.公务员利用职务之便索要他人钱物是非法的。[6]heed [hi?d]to pay attention to something, especially advice or a warning 注意，听从（尤指建议或警告）The airline has been criticized for failing to heed advice/warnings about lack of safety routines.该航空公司因没有理会针对其日常安全工作不力提出的建议／警告而受到了批评。

Fourth, the G20 should stick together as partners in meeting challenges.Partnership is the most valuable asset of the G20.The G20 countries differ in national conditions, stages of development and face different challenges.But we all share a common goal of pursuing stronger growth, meeting challenges and achieving common development.So long as we stick together, we can navigate the heavy waves of the global economy and sail towards a future of growth.第四，同舟共济，发扬伙伴精神。伙伴精神是二十国集团最宝贵的财富。我们虽然国情不同、发展阶段不同、面临的现实挑战不同，但推动经济增长的愿望相同，应对危机挑战的利益相同，实现共同发展的憧憬相同。只要我们坚持同舟共济的伙伴精神，就能够克服世界经济的惊涛骇浪，开辟未来增长的崭新航程。stick together在一起；团结一致；互相支持navigate the heavy waves of the global economy克服世界经济的惊涛骇浪sail towards a future of growth开辟未来增长的崭新航程 Dear Colleagues,各位同事！@LearnAndRecord In preparing for the Hangzhou Summit, China has followed the principle of openness, transparency and inclusiveness, and maintained close contact and coordination with all other members.We have also held dialogue of various forms with the United Nations, the African Union, the G77, the least developed countries, landlocked countries and small island states to brief them and all the people who show an interest in the G20 on our preparation.We have listened to the views and proposals of various parties and benefited greatly from them in making preparation for the Hangzhou Summit.在杭州峰会筹备过程中，中国始终秉持开放、透明、包容的办会理念，同各成员保持密切沟通和协调。我们还举办了各种形式的外围对话，走进联合国，走进非盟总部，走进七十七国集团，走进最不发达国家、内陆国、小岛国，向世界各国，以及所有关心二十国集团的人们介绍杭州峰会筹备情况，倾听各方利益诉求。各方提出的意见和建议对这次峰会的筹备都发挥了重要作用。

landlocked countries内陆国

I hope that during discussions in the coming two days, we will pool our vision and create synergy so as to enable the Hangzhou Summit to fulfill its mandate of boosting global growth, strengthening international economic cooperation and promoting the future growth of the G20.我期待在接下来两天的讨论中，我们能够集众智、聚合力，努力让杭州峰会实现促进世界经济增长、加强国际经济合作、推动二十国集团发展的目标。

pool our vision and create synergy集众智、聚合力

Let’s make Hangzhou a new departure point and steer the giant ship of the global economy on a new voyage from the shore of the Qiantang River to the vast ocean.让我们以杭州为新起点，引领世界经济的航船，从钱塘江畔再次扬帆启航，驶向更加广阔的大海！

steer the giant ship of the global economy引领世界经济的航船 Thank you!谢谢大家。······

第五篇：2014高考政治 二十国集团第八次峰会热点素材

2014高考政治热点：二十国集团第八次峰会

一、【背景材料】

2013年 9月6日，备受瞩目的二十国集团（G20）第八次峰会在俄罗斯第二大城市圣彼得堡落下帷幕。会后发表了《二十国集团圣彼得堡峰会领导人宣言》（以下简称《宣言》）以及《圣彼得堡行动计划》，批准了《圣彼得堡发展展望》、《圣彼得堡战略框架》、《G20投融资工作计划》、《G20反腐败行动计划》等文件。其中，最具含金量的《宣言》长达27页，包含了经济增长与就业、投资融资、多边贸易、打击避税等13章内容，乃历届峰会最长。《宣言》重点关注全球经济下行风险，呼吁各国加强政策协调，建设更加紧密的经济伙伴关系，强调刺激增长和创造就业是G20的优先任务。总体而言，圣彼得堡峰会成果丰硕，并释放出积极信号，即在全球经济形势复杂多变的大背景下，各国需履行承诺、协同合作，实现世界经济强劲、可持续和平衡增长。

二、【理论分析】

1、从经济生活角度分析

（1）经济全球化是当今世界经济发展的基本趋势。目前，生产要素在全球范围内流动、国际分工水平不断提高，国际贸易迅速发展。要维护和发展开放型世界经济，二十国集团必须致力于营造自由开放的全球贸易环境，推动国际贸易自由化、便利化。

（2）坚持世贸组织原则，反对国际贸易保护主义。有些国家在对外贸易中，实施贸易保护主义，违背了世贸组织原则。加强国际自由贸易，必须反对国际贸易保护主义。为此，我国政府要努力运用世贸组织规则，与国际贸易保护主义作斗争，维护企业和国家的利益，依据法律法规，履行政府职能。

（3）提高开放型经济发展水平。维护和发展开放型世界经济，我国应提高出口产品质量、档次及附加值，鼓励自主知识产权和自主品牌产品出口，限制和禁止高耗能、高排放和部分资源性外资项目，创新对外投资和合作方式等等。

（4）发展经济，解决就业问题。就业问题是一个全球性问题，只有全球经济在保持较高的水平下，就业机会才会不断扩大。此次峰会的主题是促进经济增长和创造就业岗位。为此，要保持经济快速发展，实现经济发展和就业增长的良性互动。

2、从政治生活角度分析

（1）国家利益决定国际关系。国家间的共同利益是国家合作的基础，而利益对立则是引起国家冲突的根源。在二十国集团(G20)领导人第八次峰会上，与会各方发表共同宣言，为刺激增长和创造就业制定行动计划，在协调宏观经济政策、加强全球经济治理等方面达成重要共识。这体现来国家间的共同利益是国家合作的基础。

（2）维护国家利益是主权国家对外活动的出发点和落脚点。中国的贸易战略宗旨是互利共赢、多元平衡。我们将继续坚持稳定出口和扩大进口并重，强化贸易政策和产业政策协调，加快服务业开放步伐，推动对外贸易平衡发展，更好融入全球价值链。这不仅有利于维护世界人民的利益，也有利于维护我国的国家利益

（3）和平与发展是当今时代的主题。求和平谋发展促合作已经成为不可阻挡的时代潮流，为适应这一主题，作为涵盖面最广、档次最高、影响力最大的国际经济合作机制，“G20”一直致力于推动发达国家和新兴市场国家就经济金融问题进行开放性、建设性的讨论和研究，234-