2012年长沙理工大学自考“英语(二)”课文重点句型总结

第一篇：2012年长沙理工大学自考“英语(二)”课文重点句型总结

2012年长沙理工大学自考“英语

（二）”课文重点句型总结(1)

Unit 1

·The purpose of making a decision is to establish and achieve organizational goals and objectives

决策的目的是为了建立并达到组织的目的和目的。

·Managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance.管理者经常必须对未来的情况做出最佳的猜测，尽管不存侥幸。

·For managers，every decision has constraints based on policies，procedures，laws，precedents，and the like.对于管理者来说，每次决策都是受到政策、程序、法律、惯例等因素的制约。

·But the tendency to simplify blinds them to other alternatives.但是这种简化倾向会他们对于其他的可选项视而不见。

·Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best—that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals.决策者们必须有办法决定数个可选项中哪一个是最好的—哪一个对组织目标的实现起作用最大。

·Different individuals frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals，the best choice may depend on who makes the decision.·Because different individuals frequently have different ideas about how to attain the goals，the best choice may depend on who makes the decision.因为个人通常会就如何达到目标持不同见解，所以最佳选择往往取决于谁来决策。

·When presented with a common case，sales managers tend to see sales problems，production managers see production problems，and so on.当面对同一件事例时，销售部门经理易于看到销售问题，生产部经理则会看到生产问题，如此等等。

·People often assume that a decision is an isolated phenomenon.人们通常认为决策是一个孤立的现象。

·The literary critics should be as objective as possible in analysis and judgment.文学批评家在分析和评价时应该尽量不偏不倚。

·She is always ready to argue over the smallest issues.她总喜欢为极小的问题进行争论。

·I argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey.我说服他不做这样危险的旅行。

·Although he thought he was helping us with the job，he was only in the way.虽然他以为他在帮我们干这件事，但他只是在碍我们的事。

Unit 2

·The terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon are inadequate here.我们通常用来描述科学现象的现有术语在这里不够用。

·Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape.天文学家和科学家认为黑洞是一种空间区，物质可以掉进黑洞，但任何物质不能从黑洞中逃脱。

·Some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point.某些星体的密度增大到某一特定点时便发生爆炸。

·This process of shrinking may be so intense that a black hole results.收缩的过程可能非常强烈一致产生黑洞。

·It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes.只是近几年天文学家才开始具体研究黑洞。

·Very advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind.由于有非常先进的技术，人们也许能在将来利用黑洞的能量为人类服务。

·He has exerted all his strength to attain his goal.他已经尽了全力以达到自己的目标。

·He has been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my mind.他一直在施加种种压力要我改变主意。

·The collapse of the government left the country in confusion.政府的倒台使全国陷入混乱之中。

·The research group launched out into a series of new experiments.研究小组着手进行了一系列新的实验。

Unit 3

·Each time it is shown，the program starts a nationwide debate on the subject.每次播放都引起对这个问题的全国性大辩论。

·In addition to this，a second doctor must confirm that these criteria have been met.此外，还必须有一名医生证实这些标准已经得到满足。

·In the vast majority of euthanasia cases，what the patient is actually asking for is something else.·Euthanasia doesn't take into account that there are ways of caring for the dying.·Anything that legally allows the shortening of life does make those people more vulnerable.法律上允许缩短生命的任何做法只会使这些人更易受到伤害。

·Instructions will be sent immediately on request.说明将按要求立即寄出。

·Many people opposed building a new highway because of the great cost.由于代价过于高昂，许多人都反对修一条新公路。

·She bore the whole burden of raising two children alone.她一个人负起抚养两个孩子的全部责任。

·Students are heavily burdened with home assignments.学生家庭作业负担过重。

·The committee demands that no member(should)be absent.委员会要求任何成员不得缺席。

Unit 4

·Of these 20，000，just under 2000 are being exploited and abused by their employers.·In one of them，a Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder，despite protests from various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established.·I was supposed to be paid ￡120 but I never received that amount.·My employers always threatened to report me to the Home Office or the police.·Many people doubt whether this will successfully reduce the incidence of abuse.·So if they do complain，they risk being deported.·It is the right to change employers which distinguishes employment from slavery.·The student exploits every possibility to learn English.这个学生利用一切可能性学英语。

·Our country is launching a campaign against waste.我们国家正在开展反浪费运动。

·We should be always aware of the status of world affairs.我们应该时刻关注世界形势。

·There are likely to be more difficulties than you were prepared for.很可能遇到的困难比你想到的多。

Unit 5

·The new music was built out of materials already in existence.·They freely took over elements from jazz，from American country music，and as time went on from even more diverse sources.·What developed was a music readily taking on various forms and capable of an almost limitless range of expression.·In studio recordings，new techniques made possible effects that not even an electronic band could produce live.·Electronic amplifiers also made possible a fantastic increase in volume，the music becoming as loud and penetrating as the human ear could stand

·Often music was played out of doors，where nature provided the environment.·The social and political transformation of a country is essential to the development of the society.一个国家的社会和政治改革对社会的发展非常重要。

·All theories originate from practice and in turn serve practice.所有的理论都来源于实践，并反过来为实践服务。

Unit 6

·Robots，becoming increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial plants throughout the developed world，are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervention.·The robots used in nuclear power plants handle the radioactive materials，preventing human personnel from being exposed to radiation.·Robots differ from automatic machines in that after completion of one specific task，they can be reprogrammed by a computer to do another one.·Other engineers are writing new programs allowing robots to make decisions such as whether to discard defective parts in finished products.·These future robots，assembled with a sense of touch and the ability to see and make decisions，will have plenty of work to do.·Anyone wanting to understand the industry of the future will have to know about robotics.·His words cast a new light on the problem.他的话题使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。

·We should be aware of the dangers of exposing children to violence on TV.我们应该意识到儿童接触有关暴力节目的危害。

Unit 7

·People in advanced industrial societies are increasingly concerned with opportunities for leisure and what they can do in their leisure time.·Generally speaking，the quality of life，especially as seen by the individual，is meaningful in terms of the degree to which these various areas of life are available or provide satisfaction to the individual.·The specific use of leisure varies from individual to individual.·Experiences of a different nature，be it television watching or bird-watching，can lead to a self-renewal and a more “balanced” way of life.·Such attitudes amount to a recognition that leisure is an important area of life and a belief that leisure can and should be put to good use.·To impart positive leisure attitudes to the general public is essential for motivating them to use their leisure in creative and satisfying ways.·It can be argued that the people with whom we come into contact in these various contexts are all likely to have exerted some influence in shaping our attitudes，interests and even skills relevant to how we handle leisure.·The more seriously this is sought，the more likely positive attitudes towards leisure as well as academic work will be encouraged.·You have to attach a label to a box while posting it.·We should make our lives relevant to the needs of the country.·He always has some positive ideas on company policy.Unit 8

·The problem of Jet Lag is one every international traveler comes across at some time.·The effects of rapid travel on the body are actually far more disturbing than we realize.·He later blamed his poor judgment on Jet Lag.·Now that we understand what Jet Lag is，we can go some way to overcoming it.·In time，the physiological system will reset itself，but it does take time.·It is not feasible to wait four days until the body is used to the new time zone.·That is by no means the best way of proceeding.·He didn't take alarm at the news.·The pianist promoted a grand benefit concert.·He didn't want to be tied to a steady job.Unit 9

·The nearer a society approximates to zero population growth，the older its population is likely to be—at least，for any future that concerns us now.·To these now familiar facts a number of further facts may be added，some of them only recently recognized.·There is the appreciation of the salient historical truth that the aging of advanced societies has been a sudden change.·Taken together，these things have implications which are only beginning to be acknowledged.·There is often resistance to the idea that it is because the birthrate fell earlier in Western and Northwestern Europe than elsewhere，… that we have grown so old.·Long life is altering our society，of course，but in experiential terms.·Your account of what happened approximates to the real facts.·His earnings are out of all proportion to his skill and ability.Unit 10

·A minor-party or independent candidate，… can draw votes away from the major-party nominees but stands almost no chance of defeating them.·In deciding whether to pursue a course of action，they try to estimate its likely impact on the voters.·The slogan was meant as a reminder to the candidate and the staff to keep the campaign focused on the nation„s slow-moving economy.·Whether voters accept this image，however，depends more on external factors than on a candidate„s personal characteristics.·As in 1980，when Jimmy Carter lost to Ronald Reagan during tough economic times，the voters were motivated largely by a desire for change.·Bush tried to stir images of his strong leadership of the war，but voters remained concerned about the economy.·The invention is going to cause a big stir in the world.·You should save up money to make provision for the future.Unit 11

·Animal research is irrelevant to our health and it can often produce misleading results.·It would be completely irresponsible and unethical to use drugs on people that had not been thoroughly tested on animals.·One experiment in nerve regeneration involves cutting a big nerve in a rat„s leg，leaving its leg paralysed.·Even with these new developments in research，only a tiny proportion of all tests are done without using animals at some stage.·The use of animals in experiments cannot stop immediately if medical research is to continue and consumer products are to be properly tested.·When it comes to research into heart disease and its effects on the body，we do not have adequate substitutes for the use of animals.·I was surprised to see his room in such a litter.·The conditions that existed ten years ago are reproduced today.Unit 12

·Until recently daydreaming was generally considered either a waste of time or a symptom of neurotic tendencies.·At its best，daydreaming was considered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life.·As with anything carried to excess，daydreaming can be harmful.·There is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it.·Daydreaming significantly contributes to intellectual growth，power of concentration，and the ability to interact and communicate with others.·Daydreaming resulted in improved self-control and enhanced creative thinking ability.·Contrary to popular belief，constant and conscious effort at solving a problem is，in reality，one of the most inefficient ways of coping with it.·Whenever confronted with a task which seemed too hard to be dealt with，he would stretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind.·The important thing to remember is to picture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them.·Daydreaming is highly beneficial to your physical and mental well-being.·Escape being impossible，the rabbit turned to confront the dog.·The difficulties that confront us cannot be overcome.Unit 13

·He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing，or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.·In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished，the sign that what a man does is of social value is that he is paid money to do it.·What from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play.·Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends，not on the job itself，but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.·It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population，that is to say，its laborers，will have almost as much leisure as in earlier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy.·The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which it will be in the economic interest of certain people to change as often as possible.·Workers seldom commit acts of violence，because they can put their aggression into their work，be it physical like the work of a smith，or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist.·They were often compelled to work twelve or fourteen hours a day.·The police undertook detailed and comprehensive investigations into the case.Unit 14

·The device，though，would do much more than capture a lecture.·It was a microcassette found in Kathleen Weinstein„s shirt pocket that not only led police to her alleged killer but also revealed the New Jersey teacher to be a woman of extraordinary courage and compassion.·Grabbing Weinstein by the jaw，the attacker told her he had a gun and forced her into the Camry.·It was there，police believe，that Weinstein was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.·Her power of persuasion were to no avail.·Weinstein„s body，with hands and feet bound，was discovered by a hiker in March.·Given her fate，the name of the program has a heartbreaking resonance to it： Random Acts of Kindness.·The operation fostered hope in the patient.·We protested but to no avail.·He was firmly convinced that risk accompanies decisions.Unit 15

·The computer makes possible a marvellous leap in human proficiency.·But the question persists and indeed grows whether the computer will make it easier or harder for human beings to know who they really are…。

·There may be a tendency to mistake data for wisdom，just as there has always been a tendency to confuse logic with values，and intelligence with insight.·To the extent，then，that man fail to distinguish between the intermediate operations of electronic intelligence and the ultimate responsibilities of human decision，the computer could prove a digression.·It may promote undue confidence in concrete answers.·…before we lose ourselves in celebrating the victory，we might reflect on the great advances in the human situation that have come about because men were challenged by error and would not stop thinking and exploring until they found better approaches for dealing with it.·For the danger is not so much that man will be controlled by the computer as that he may imitate it.·Even to speculate on it is a gain.·If you persist in ignoring my instructions，I shall have to punish you.·His ultimate goal is too distant and shadowy to obtain.·Despite their differences，their love will conquer.·It has taken him a long time to come to terms with the fact that he won't be able to go to college.

第二篇：2012年自考英语(二)重点句型总结6

Ⅲ、Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）

从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Space is a dangerous place，not only because of meteors（流星）but also because of rays from the sun and other stars.The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth.Light gets through，and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat.Heat，too，makes our environment endurable.Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space，but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off.As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft，if they are inside，do prevent a lot of radiation damage.Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space.The unit of radiation is called “rem”。Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged；the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on.The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage —— a person may feel perfectly well，but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged，and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed（畸形的）children or even grandchildren.Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high amount of rems.So far，no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported，but the Apollo missions have been quite short.We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere，working in a space laboratory.Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation，but no really effective ones have been found so far.21.According to the first paragraph，the atmosphere is essential to man in that.A.it protects him against the harmful rays from space

B.it provides sufficient light for plant growth

C.it supplies the heat necessary for human survival

D.it screens off the falling meteors 「」

22.We know from the passage that.A.exposure to even tiny amounts of radiation is fatal

B.the effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming

C.radiation is avoidable in space exploration

D.astronauts in spacesuits needn't worry about radiation damage 「」

23.The harm radiation has done to the Apollo crew members.A.is insignificant B.seems overestimated

C.is enormous

D.remains unknown 「」

24.It can be inferred from the passage that.A.the Apollo mission was very successful

B.protection from space radiation is no easy job

C.astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren

D.radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers 「」

25.The best title for this passage would be.A.The Atmosphere and Our Environment

B.Research on Radiation

C.Effects of Space Radiation

D.Importance of Protection Against Radiation 「」

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies — and other creatures — learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards” ；and there is no reason to doubt that this is true.But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards，at least in the early stages，had to be directly related to such basic physiological（生理的）“ drives ” as thirst or hunger.In other words，a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort，not otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so.Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “ reward ” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements，such as turning the head to one side or the other.Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure.So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided.He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “ switched on ” a display of lights — and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result，for instance，two left or two right，or even to make as many as three turns to one side.Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “ smile and bubble ” when the display came on.Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them，it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem，in mastering the skill，and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.26.According to the author，babies learn to do things which.A.are directly related to pleasure

B.will meet their physical needs

C.will bring them a feeling of success

D.will satisfy their curiosity 「」

27.Papousek noticed in his studie that a baby.A.would make learned responses when it saw the milk

B.would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink

C.would continue the simple movements without being given milk

D.would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink 「」

28.In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to.A.have the lights turned on

B.please their parents

C.be rewarded with milk

D.be praised 「」

29.The babies would “ smile and bubble ” at the lights because.A.the lights were directly related to some basic “ drives ”

B.the sight of the lights was interesting

C.they need not turn back to watch the lights

D.they succeeded in “switching on” the lights 「」

30.According to Papousek，the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of.A.a basic human desire to understand and control the world

B.the satisfaction of certain physiological needs

C.their strong desire to solve complex problems

D.a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills 「」

Passage Three

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards，from warm praise to cold cash，affect motivation and creativity.Behaviorists，who study the relation between actions and their consequences，argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school.Cognitive（认知学派的）researchers，who study various aspects of mental life，maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others.The latter view has gained many supporters，especially among educators.But the careful use of small monetary（金钱的）rewards sparks creativity in grade school children，suggesting that properly presented inducements（刺激）indeed aid inventiveness，according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology.“If kids know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task，they show the most creativity，”says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Neward.“ But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.”

A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students，Eisenberger holds.As an example of the latter point，he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades.In earlier grades，the use of so — called token economies，in which students handle challenging problems and receive — based points toward valued rewards，shows promise in raising effort and creativity，the Delaware psychologist claims.31.Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward.A.the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewards

B.the amount of monetary rewards for student creativity

C.the study of relationship between actions and their consequences

D.the effects of external rewards on students performance 「」

32.What is the response of many educators to external rewards for their students？

A.They have no doubts about them.B.They have doubts about them.C.They approve of them.D.They avoid talking about them.「」

33.Which of the following can best raise students creativity according to Robert Eisenberger？

A.Assigning them tasks they have not dealt with before.B.Assigning them tasks which require inventiveness.C.Giving them rewards they really deserve.D.Giving them rewards they anticipate.「」

34.It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe.A.rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students

B.punishment is more effective than rewarding

C.failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standards

D.discouraging the students anticipation for easy rewards is a matter of urgency 「」

35.The phrase “ token economies ”（Line 1，Para.5）probably refers to.A.ways to develop economy

B.systems of rewarding students

C.approaches to solving problems

D.methods of improving performance

「」

第三篇：2012年自考英语(二)重点句型总结二

2012年自考英语

（二）重点句型总结二

一：选词填空

tendency，accomplish，precedent，goal，skilled

1.This decision set a _____ fro future cases of a similar nature.2.Although he has received no formal education，he is ____ in biology.3.She had always wanted to have a house of her own，and now she had attained the _______.4.We can ______ whatever you can，and with better results.5.The ______ of today's young people to marry and bear children at later ages reflects to some degree the development of society.Answers：precedent，skilled，goal，accomplish，tendency

二：汉译英

1.在某种程度上，他的成功是由于幸运。

2.电台预报明天天气会变冷。

3.他由朋友陪同去听音乐会。

4.按照他的建议，手续已经大大简化。

5.没有正确的选择就没有正确的决定。

Answers：

1.His success is in part due to luck.2.The radio predicted that it would get colder tomorrow.3.He was accompanied by his friend to the concert.4.According to his suggestion，the procedure has been greatly simplified.5.If there is no correct choice，there is no proper decision.一：单项选择

1.—Each of the students，working hard at his or her lessons________ to go to university.—So do I.A.hope

B.hopes

C.hoping

D.hoped

2.Either you or the headmaster________ the prize for these gifted students at the meeting.A.is handing in

B.are to hand out

C.are handing in

D.is to hand out

3.A library with five thousand books________ to the nation as a gift.A.is offered

B.has offered

C.are offered

D.have offered

4.His family________ a big one.When I came to see him last night，His family________watching TV.A.is；was

B.was；were

C.is；were

D.are；were

5.The poor________ helped by government programs，________？

A.is；isn't it

B.is；isn't he

C.are；aren't they

D.are；haven't they

6.The teacher and writer________ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A.is

B.was

C.are

D.were

7.When and where to build the new factory________ yet.A.is not decided

B.are not decided

C.has not decided

D.have not decided

8.The number of people invited________ fifty，but a number of them________ absent for different reasons.A.were；was

B.was；was

C.was；were

D.were；were

9.Four-fifths of the workers here________ ________ workers.A.is woman B.are woman C.are women D.is women 10.No one but her parents________ it.A.know B.knows C.is knowing D.are knowing 11.The rest of the spelling exercises _______ as your homework.A.is to be done B.are to do C.are to be done D.will do 12.The rest of the food ________ in the refrigerator.A.is to keep B.are to keep C.are to be kept D.is to be kept ANSWERS：B，D，A，C，C，B，A，C，C，B，C，D 二：将括号内的词变为适当形式

1.The satellite ______ in a rocket.（launch）

2.The roof _____ under the weight of the snow.（collapse）

3.We should avoid _____ what we think about people different from ourselves.（decide）

4.The most _____ evidence of black holes comes from research into binary stars system.（convince）

5.There is a great deal of ____ about his retirement from active politics.（speculate）

Answers：was launched，collapsed，deciding，convincing，speculation

三：汉译英

1.黑洞有很强的引力，但它没有物质。

2.如果我们认识了黑洞，它就不那么可怕了。

3.由于管理不善，他的公司垮台了。

4.他的身影消失在黑暗中了。

5.药物开始见效了吗？

Answers：

1.A black hole exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter.2.If we understood black holes，they wouldn't be so dreadful to us.3.His company collapsed as a result of poor management.4.His figure was swallowed up in the dark.5.Has the medicine started to operate？

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第四篇：长沙理工大学自考土木工程

长沙理工大学自考土木工程

一、报名条件

1、中华人民共和国公民，不受性别、年龄、民族、种族、身体健康状况、户口、职业和已受教育程度的限制，均可报名参加自学考试。公安、护理等有特殊要求的专业，考生须按相关规定报考。

2、自考专升本考生：考生办理本科毕业证书时，必交验国家承认学历的专科或以上学历证书原件。

3、高职、高专、大专等在校学生可以报考专升本。

4、已毕业的社会人员。

5、本科在读或毕业欲修第二学位者。

二、专业简介

本专业培养掌握各类土木工程学科的基本理论和基本知识，能在房屋建筑、地下建筑(含矿井建筑)、道路、隧道、桥梁建筑、水电站、港口及近海结构与设施、给水排水和地基处理等领域从事规划、设计、施工、管理和研究工作的高级工程技术人才。

三、培养目标：

本专业培养掌握工程力学、流体力学、岩土力学和市政工程学科的基本理论和基本知识，具备从事土木工程的项目规划、设计、研究开发、施工及管理的能力，能在房屋建筑、地下建筑、隧道、道路、桥梁、矿井等的设计、研究、施工、教育、管理、投资、开发部门从事技术或管理工作的高级工程技术人才

四、主要课程：材料力学、结构力学、流体力学、土力学、建筑材料、混凝土结构与钢结构、房屋结构、桥梁结构、地下结构、道路勘测设计与路基路面结构、施工技术与管理。

第五篇：英语重点句型总结

英语重点句型总结

1．So + be／助动词／情牵动词／主语．

前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用到这种倒装结构，表示“另一人（物）也如此。”前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人（物）时，常用“Neither/ Nor + be／助动词／情态动词+主语．”这种倒装结构。注意：“So+主语+be／助动词／情态动词．”这一句型常用于表示赞同，进一步肯定对方的看法，表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”

2．Turn right／left at the first／second／…crossing.这一指路的句型意为“在第一／二／……个十字路口向右／左拐。”相当于Take the first ／second／…turning on theright／left.3．It takes sb．some time to do sth．

此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的主语.4．…think／find + it + adj.+ to do sth.此句型中的it是形式宾语，不可用其它代词替代，形容词作宾语的补足语，后面的动词不定式（短语）才是真正的宾语。

5．What’s wrong with…？

此句型相当于What’s the matter/ trouble with…？后跟某物作宾语时，意为“某物出什么毛病了？”后跟某人作宾语时，意为“某人怎么了？”