英语时态(初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表)

第一篇：英语时态(初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表)

初中英语动词时态归纳总结对照表

初中英语时态专项练习

1、一般现在时。通常用“ usually, often, every day, sometimes”。一般现在时基本用法介绍 一、一般现在时的功能

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

二、一般现在时的构成: 肯定句：

1).主语+系动词 be(is, am, are)+名词（形容词，介词短语）

2).其他主语+动词原形+其它 第三人称单数+动词-s+其它 如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。We study English.我们学习英语。

Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。三、一般现在时的变化 否定句：

1)主语+ be（is,am,are）+ not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

2)其他主语+do not(don’t)动词原形+其它 I don't like bread 第三人称单数+does not(doesn’t)动词原形+其它He doesn't often play.一般疑问句：1)Be（Is,Are）+主语+其它?如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./ No, I'm not.2)Do其他主语+动词原形+其它？ Does+第三人称单数+动词原形+其它+？ 注意：遇I/we—you, my—your, some—any.Does she go to work by bike?-Yes, she does./ No, she doesn't.Do you often play football?-Yes, I do./ No, I don't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? How does your father go to work? 一般现在时用法专练:

一、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1.He often ________(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be)in Class One.3.We _______(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5.______ they ________(like)the World Cup?

二、按照要求改写句子

1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)2.I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)7.I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)8.John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)

三、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.Is your brother speak English? __________________ 2.Does he likes going fishing? __________________ 3.He likes play games after class.__________________ 4.Mr.Wu teachs us English.__________________ 5.She don’t do her homework on Sundays._________________

2、现在进行时。通常用“now/look/listen”.1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2．现在进行时的结构：.肯定句 ： 主语+be（is,am,are）+动词现在分词-ing eg: I am(not)doing my homework.You/We/They are(not)reading.He/She/It is(not)eating.否定句：主语+be（is,am,are）+not + 动词现在分词-ing 一般疑问句：Is(Are)+主语+动词现在分词-ing？ 特殊疑问：疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing? 3.动词加ing的变化规则 1)一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2)以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3)如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping,swim—swimming 4.现在进行时专项练习：

一、写出下列动词的现在分词：

play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

1.The boy __________________(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _______________(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _________________(cook)some nice food now.4.What _____ you ______(do)now? 5.Look.They _______________(have)an English lesson.10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes? Yes ,she is.三、句型转换：

1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2．The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3．I’m playing the football in the playground.(对划线部分进行提问)

① ②

3、一般过去时态 一般过去时通常用 “a moment ago, just now, yesterday, last„”等。1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3.行为动词的一般过去时变化

5.特殊疑问句：

⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 过去时练习: 写出下列动词的过去式 isam_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ Be动词的过去时练习:A

一、用be动词的适当形式填空 1.I _______ at school just now.2.He ________ at the camp last week.3.We ________ students two years ago.4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.二、句型转换 1.It was exciting.否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 2.All the students were very excited.否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 行为动词的过去时练习:B

一、用行为动词的适当形式填空

1.He _________(live)in Wuxi two years ago.2.The cat ________(eat)a bird last night.3.We _______(have)a party last Halloween.4.Nancy ________(pick)up oranges on the farm last week.5.I ________(make)a model ship with Mike yesterday.二、句型转换

1.Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 2.We sang some English songs.否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

三、中译英

1．格林先生去年住在中国。2.昨天我们参观了农场。3.他刚才在找他的手机。过去时综合练习A

一、用动词的适当形式填空

1.It ______(be)Ben’s birthday last Friday.2.We all ______(have)a good time last night.3.He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now.(play)4.Jim’s mother _________(plant)trees just now.5._______ they ________(sweep)the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.二、中译英 1.我们上周五看了一部电影。

2.他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。

3.你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。

4、一般将来时

概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year„),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。1.基本结构：①主语+be(is,am,are)going to +动词原形.②主语+will+ 动词原形.2.否定句：①主语+be(is,am,are)+not +going to +动词原形.②主语+will +not(won’t)+ 动词原形.例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.3.一般疑问句：①Is(Are)+主语 +going to +动词原形.+? ②Will+主语+动词原形+? 例：We are going to go on an outing this weekend.→ Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? Yes,we are.No, we aren’t.Will he go to Beijing next week? Yes,he will.No,he won’t.4.对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。

1).问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon.→Who’s going to New York soon.2).问干什么。What „ do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3).问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine.→When is she going to bed? 5同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.= I will go swimming tomorrow.一、练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________.She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?

二、改句子。

5.Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy ________ going to go camping.6.I’ll go and join them.（改否定）I _______ go ______ join them.7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。

11.Today is a sunny day.We ___________________(have)a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _______________(go)to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often ______________(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He ______________(go)to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________(watch)TV and ____________(catch)insects? 15.It’s Friday today.What _____she _________(do)this weekend? She ______________(watch)TV and _____________(catch)insects.16.What ___________(d0)you do last Sunday? I ____________(pick)apples on a farm.What ______________(do)next Sunday? I ______________(milk)cows.17.Mary ____________(visit)her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao ____________(fly)kites in the playground yesterday.19.David ______________(give)a puppet show next Monday.20.I ________________(plan)for my study now.5.过去进行时：

肯定句：主语+助动词be(was,were)+动词现在分词-ing+其它 否定句：主语+助动词be(was,were)+not+动词现在分词-ing+其它 一般疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+动词现在分词-ing+其它？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+was(were)+动词现在分词-ing+其它? 用法:

1、表示在过去某一时间正在进行的动作，往往有表示过去的时间状语then, at that time, this time yesterday等，或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作（即与when, while引出的时间状语从句连用）。例：They were talking about a film at six yesterday evening.昨晚6点他们正在谈论一部电影。What were you doing at this time last week? 上周的这个时候你在干什么？ When the teacher came in, they were talking.老师进来时，他们在讲话。

2、表示在过去某一段时间内进行的动作。

例：They were swimming from two to three yesterday afternoon.昨天下午2点到3点他们在游泳。She was watching TV the whole morning.她整个上午在看电视。

3、表示过去将要发生的动作。例：He said he was leaving on Tuesday.他说他周二动身。Tom said he was going tomorrow.汤姆说他明天去。

4、用过去进行时描写故事背景。

例：It was getting dark.The wind was rising.天渐渐黑了下来，风势增强了。

The procession was going.He was standing among the crowd looking on.队伍在前进。他站在人群中观看。

5.过去进行时练习题：

一、单项选择

()1.My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself.A.fell, was riding B.fell, were riding C.had fallen, rode D.had fallen, was riding()2.Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.A.slipped, was looking B.had slipped, looked C.slipped, had looked D.was slipping, looked()3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.A.had seen, was picking B.saw, picked C.had seen, picked D.saw, was picking()4.I don ' t think Jim saw me;he ___ into space.A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared()5.I first met Lisa three years ago.She ___ at a radio shop at the time.A.has worked B.was working C.had been working D.had worked()6.---Hey, look where you are going!---Oh, I ' m terribly sorry.________.A.I ' m not noticing B.I wasn ' t noticing C.I haven ' t noticed D.I don ' t notice()7.The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.A.was traveling B.traveled C.had been traveling D.was to travel()8.I ___ my breakfast when the morning post came.A.had B.had been having C.have been having D.was having()9.When I arrived at his office, he ___ on the phone.A.was speaking B.spoke C.had been speaking D.had spoken()10.“ What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad.”

“ Oh, nothing much.As a matter of fact, I ___ of my friends back home.”

A.just thought B.have just been thinking C.was just thinking D.have just thought

二、动词填空。

１．John_______（work）all day yesterday.２．He _______（walk）home when the（rian）_______begin.３． —What______you _______（do）at ten o'clock yesterday﹖ —I_______（studay）in class．

４．When Harry _______（have）breakfast Lily _______（telephone）him．

５．When I ________（go）to school this morning I ______（see）a car running into a bus． 6.This time yesterday Jack ______(mend)his bike.7.I ______(write)a letter at ten last night.8.It was six.The Greens ______(have)supper.9.When you ______(knock)at the door yesterday,I ______(do)some washing.10.While my mother ______(watch)TV, I ______(make)a kite.三、英汉互译。1.昨晚我给你打电话时，你正在干什么？ 2.上中学时，我住老师家里。

3.他昨天本来要看那场戏的，可是太忙了。

4.They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai.5.Soon the whole town was talking about it.6.现在完成时

构成：肯定句：主语+助动词have（has）+动词过去分词-ed 否定句：主语+助动词have（has）+not(haven’t,hasn’t)+动词过去分词-ed 一般疑问句：Have(Has)+ 主语+动词过去分词-ed+？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+have(has)+ 主语+动词过去分词-ed+？用法：

1、表示说话之前已完成的动作，而且这个动作的结果对现在是情况仍有影响。常被just,already,yet 等副词修饰。

Mr.Wang has just come back from America.王先生刚从美国回来。

2．现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常带有for或since 等表示一段时间的状语。

如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.3.现在完成时瞬间动词即终止性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下: come / go / arrive / get / reach / move---be in/at open---be open die---be dead close---be closed become---be borrow---keep put on---wear buy---have leave-----be away(from)begin / start-----be on fall asleep----be asleep end/finish-----be over catch a cold-----have a cold join the army----be in the army, be a soldier join the Party----be in the Party , be a Party member 例：吉姆买这支已有两年了。Jim bought this pen two years ago.Jim has had this pen for two years.Jim has had this pen since two years ago.Jim has had this pen since 2007 It is two years since Jim bought this pen.4.在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来„„”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years;during the last three months;for the last few centuries, through centuries;throughout history 等 5.表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best(worst, most interesting)+名词 ＋that” 后面跟现在完成时。

例：This is my first time that I have visited China.This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.That is the only book that he has written.6.have / has been to + 地点 意为“曾去过某地”，暗含目前已不在该地，仅表示当事人的一种经历而已。

have / has gone to + 地点 “到了某地去了”，暗含“已离开原地去了某地”之意，但是否到达了某地尚不确定。

如：He has gone to Shanghai.他去了上海。He has been to Shanghai.他去过了上海。7.现在完成时专项练习

一、单项选择。()

1、Both his parents look sad.Maybe they ________what's happened to him.Ａ.knew Ｂ.have known Ｃ.must know Ｄ.will know()

2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? Ａ.already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ.Still()

3、Have you met Mr Li ______？

Ａ.just Ｂ.ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago()

4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year.Ａ.is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written()

5、—Our country ______ a lot so far.—Yes.I hope it will be even ______.Ａ.has changed well Ｂ.changed good Ｃ.has changed better Ｄ.changed better()

6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years.Ａ.was studying Ｂ.will study Ｃ.has studied Ｄ.are studying()

7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.Ａ.know Ｂ.had known Ｃ.have known Ｄ.knew()

8、Harry Potter is a very nice film.I_______ it twice.Ａ.will see Ｂ.have seen Ｃ.saw Ｄ.see()

9、—These farmers have been to the United States.—Really ? When _____ there ? Ａ.will they go Ｂ.did they go Ｃ.do they go Ｄ.have they gone()

10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes.I _____ it a moment ago.Ａ.Did do finished Ｂ.Have done finished Ｃ.Have done have finished Ｄ.will do finish()

11、His father ______ the Party since 1978.Ａ.joined Ｂ.has joined Ｃ.was in Ｄ.has been in()

12、—Do you know him well ? — Sure.We _________ friends since ten years ago.Ａ.were Ｂ.have been Ｃ.have become Ｄ.have made

()

13、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months.Ａ.been Ｂ.gone Ｃ.come Ｄ.arrived()

14、Hurry up!The play __________ for ten minutes.Ａ.has begun Ｂ.had begun Ｃ.has been on Ｄ.began()

15、It _____ ten years since he left the army.Ａ.is Ｂ.has Ｃ.will Ｄ.was()

16、Miss Green isn't in the office.she_______ to the library.Ａ.has gone Ｂ.went Ｃ.will go Ｄ.has been()

17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.Ａ.have been in Ｂ.have been to Ｃ.have gone to Ｄ.have been()

18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A.so they B.don’t they C.have they D.haven’t they()

19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A.How soon, comes B.How often, got C.How long, came D.How far, arrived()20、His uncle for more than 9 years.A.has come here B.has started to work C.has lived there D.has left the university

二、句型转换。

1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑问句）

2、They have been here since 2000.(对划线部分提问)have they been here?

3、The old man _________ last year.He for a year.(die)（动词填空）

4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换)This factory ________ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换)Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years.（同义句）Her mother _______ the Party three years ________.7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago.(同义句转换)_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子)___________________________________________

三、汉译英。

1、吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。

2、他昨天收到一封信。

3、我父亲以前到过长城。

4、她还没有看过那部新电影。

5、她去过上海。

6、他这些天上哪儿去了？ 7.现在完成进行时

表示一个动作从过去某时开始，延续或重复地出现至今，或将继续延续至将来。常与表示一段时间的状语，如：for two hours,since early morning,these few days 等连用。构成： 肯定句：主语+助动词have(has)+been+动词现在分词-ing 否定句：主语+助动词have(has)+not+been+动词现在分词-ing 一般疑问句：Have(Has)+ 主语+ been+动词现在分词-ing+? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ have(has)+ 主语+ been+动词现在分词-ing+? 例：It has been raining for three hours.We have been waiting here since an hour ago.How long has it been raining? 雨下多久了？

She has been sitting there for more than 2 hours.他已经在那坐了两个小时了。We’ve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们常见面。

He has been telephoning me several times in two days.这两天他打好几次电话给我。

注意事项：与现在完成时相比，现在完成进行时更强调：在从过去到现在的时间里，动作或状态一直持续或一直反复出现。8.过去完成时 构成：

肯定句：主语+助动词had +动词过去分词-ed+其它

否定句：主语+助动词had +not(hadn’t)+动词过去分词-ed+其它 一般疑问句;Had+主语+动词过去分词-ed+其它+？

特殊疑问句：疑问词+had +主语+动词过去分词-ed+其它+？ 例：There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.By the end of last term we had finished the book.They finished earlier than we had expected.用法：

1、表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成或延续到某一过去时间的动作或状态，即“过去的过去“。这一动作可以是一直持续到过去这一时刻或将继续下去。这个过去的时间常用by，before after,）等介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作或上下文来表示。例：The train had left before she got to the station.在她到车站以前，火车已开走了。

We had learned about 500 English words by the end of mine.到上个月为止，我们已经学了约500个英文单词。

Mr.Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了，他曾是我的一位好友。

2、用于以连词when, as soon as, as„as, before, after, until, now that引导的状语从句中或一些宾语从句中以表示动作发生的时间早于主句所表示的动作，可表示原因、动作先后等关系。如： 例：After I had finished my homework, I watched TV last night.（表时间先后）

We took a taxi home, as the last bus already gone.由于最后一班公车已开走，所以，我们就乘出租车回家。（表原因）

He got to the airport and suddenly realized that he had forgotten to bring his ticket.他赶到机场时突然意识到他忘了带机票。

3、用在一般过去时之后的间接引语中。

He told me that he had been seen the film the day before.他跟我说他前一天看过那个电影了。注意：过去完成时的句子中，终止性动词不能与一段时间连用，而状态动词的过去完成时必须和一段时间连用。如： He had already died.他已经死了。

He had been dead for an hour.他已经死了一个小时了。9.过去将来时 构成： 肯定句： 主语+助动词would+动词原形。主语+助动词was(were)going to+动词原形。否定句： 主语+助动词would+not(wouldn’t)+动词原形。.主语+助动词was(were)+not+ going to+动词原形 一般疑问句：Would+主语+动词原形+？ Was(Were)+主语+ going to+动词原形+? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+would+主语+动词原形+？ was(were)+主语+ going to+动词原形+? 例：I hoped she would succeed.用法

过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。这种时态常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。主要有以下几种形式：

1、would + 动词原形

这一形式表示过去将来时间，通常带有表示过去将来的时间状语，多见于从句或间接引语中。I wanted to know when you would finish the article.我想知道你什么时候写完论文。

第二篇：浅谈初中英语动词时态教学

浅谈初中英语动词时态教学

英语的动词时态这一语法现象与我们母语的语法差别较大，学起来也较乏味。如何教学这些语法，从而使学生更好、更有效地掌握它们，是经常困扰教师的问题。笔者在教学实践中进行了努力的尝试和探索，并依据信息加工的学习理论，总结出较为行之有效的“三元”教学法：从“标志”信息输入着眼，经过“概念”思维加工，达成“结构”形式输出，从而使师生摆脱枯燥的时态教学，掌握动词时态的规律，形成有效的语法教学策略。

一、从“概念、结构、标志”三个方面把握动词时态

“概念、结构、标志”三个方面是学习一种时态所必须把握的，三者相互联系，相互制约，共同表述一个完整的时态含义。“概念”清楚地说明了一种时态的用法。对于概念的把握一定要全面、准确，表述严密，如对于一般现在时的用法，不能只表述为“表示经常性或习？

下面列举两种时态进行说明。

（一）一般现在时

1、概念：一般现在时的基本用法有四种。（1）表示现在的状况，如Mr、Green has two children、（2）表示主语所具备的性格或能力，如Ann enjoys listening to the radio、Miss White speaks Chinese very well、（3）表示经常性、习惯性或反复出现的动作或状态，如I usually rest on Sundays、Mr、Brown always gets up early、LiLei goes to see Uncle Wang once a month、（4）表示客观事实和普遍真理，如It never snows in Australia in December、Light travels faster than sound、2、结构：一般现在时的结构在一般情况下用动词原形，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式，其否定式、疑问式要加助动词do或does。例如：Miss Gao teaches us English、Does your mother work in a factory？

3、标志：一般现在时常与下列表示频率的副词或短语连用：always，usually，often，sometimes，seldom，never，twice a week，on Sundays等。

（二）现在完成时

1、概念：基本用法有两种。（1）表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。（2）表示从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。

2、结构：助动词have（has）+动词的过去分词。

3、标志：用法（1）常与下列词语连用：already，yet，just，ever，never，before，recently等；用法（2）常与“since+时间点”或“for+时间段”所构成的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可与包括“现在”在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如this morning，these days等。

其他几种时态不再一一列举。在平时的教学中，只要我们从上述三个方面去把握动词时态，学生就会逐渐发现其规律，做到有章可循，主动地学习，从而变以教师为主体的讲语法为以学生为主体的学语法，收到事半功倍的效果。

二、要善于进行各种时态的用法比较

学习了几种时态以后，就容易出现混淆、错用的情况，这就要求我们要不断地将一些时态加以比较，以便能够更好地把握其本质。其实，动词时态的比较也是以“概念、结构、标志”三元为依据比较的。试看下面几种时态的比较。

（一）一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较

1、一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系，它可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用；而现在完成时既涉及过去又联系现在，但它强调的是现在的情况，所以它不能和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用。试比较：I have posted the letter（说明现在信不在这里）。I posted the letter yesterday（只说明昨天寄信这一事实）。

2、有些时间状语（标志），如this morning，tonight等，既可用于一般过去时，也可用于现在完成时，但所表示的意义有所不同。用于现在完成时的表示“现在”在内，而用于一般过去时则与“现在”无关。例如：I have read the book this May（讲话时仍是五月）。I read the book this May（讲话时五月已过）。

（二）一般过去时与过去完成时的用法比较

1、一般过去时表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态；而过去完成时则表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的动作或状态，其标志是“过去的过去”。当强调过去某一动作发生在过去另一动作之前时，常用此时态。例如：The film had already begun when I reached the theatre、2、一般过去时与过去完成时都可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用，但侧重点有所不同。试比较：They had done the work at five o’clock、They did the work at five o’clock、第一句说明工作在五点钟已完成，并未说明是什么时候完成的；第二句说明工作是在五点钟做的。

3、在带有before或after引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，由于主、从句动作发生的先后顺序已非常明确，所以可用一般过去时代替过去完成时，如The train had left before I got to the station、也可以说：The train left before I got to the station、其他时态的比较，如一般现在时与现在进行时，一般过去时与过去进行时的用法比较不再列举。时态的混合使用是以掌握好每一种时态的用法以及各时态的比较用法为基础的，在中学阶段使用较少，在此不做详谈。

三、注意时态与时间不一致的特殊情况

如前所述，判断时态要从“标志”（时间状语）着眼，这是一般规律。但有些情况下，时态与时间（标志）并不一致，在教学中应引起足够的重视，做到灵活使用，可视之为“特殊标志”。

1、一些表示来往动作的动词（动向动词）常用进行时表示将来时，常见的这类动词有arrive，come，go，leave，set off，start等、例如：The Browns are leaving for Paris next month、2、一般现在时有时可以表示预定的近期将发生的动作或状态，也可用来表示说话时正在进行的动作。例如：Are you free tomorrow？ The train starts at 7：50 in the evening、Here comes the bus！There goes the bell！

3、一般过去时可以表示目前非真实的情况或不能实现的愿望（即虚拟语气）。例如：I wish I could fly to the moon by spaceship、It’s high time you went home、If I were you，I would go with him、4、在含有状语从句的复合句中，当主句是将来时态或是祈使句时，状语从句应用一般现在时或现在完成时代替一般将来时，用一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如：I will go to town if it doesn’t rain tomorrow、He said he would come to see us if he had time、Please tell him about it as soon as he comes back、Are you going to play with us when you have finished your homework？

5、在含有宾语从句的复合句中，主从句动词时态有如下不一致情况。

（1）当宾语从句表示科学真理、客观事实、格言或其他不受时间影响、限制的客观存在的事物时，如：Long ago people didn’t know that the earth moves round the sun、She told hers on that practice makes perfect、（2）当宾语从句用来解释、表达科技内容时，如：The teacher told us that the attraction of the earth for all bodies is called gravity、（3）当宾语从句表示一种反复出现或目前习惯性动作时，如：He said he does morning exercises everyday、（4）当宾语从句中谓语动词的动作在转述时仍在继续，或表示现在时刻仍存在的状态时，如：LiLei said his father is attending a meeting in Shanghai、She told me the other day that she is only seventeen、6、其他从句，如比较状语从句、定语从句等不受主句时态的影响，应根据实际需要，选择适当的时态。例如：It was colder yesterday than it is today、Last night I read the book which you are reading now、对于这些特殊情况，在平时的教学中，应特别注意。其实，我们也可以把上述情况视为一种特殊的“标志”，进而判断相应的时态形式。

综上所述，对于一种时态，我们可以从“概念、结构、标志”三个方面去把握，随着所学时态的增多，要善于将一些时态加以比较，总结出差异，同时还要注意特殊情况。这些，整个中学阶段英语时态教学就系统化、规律化了。学好这些基本的动词时态，可为学生将来学习更为复杂的时态、非谓语动词的时态、被动语态、虚拟语气乃至进一步学习中、高级英语，打下扎实的基础。

第三篇：初中英语时态总结

初中英语时态总结一、一般现在时

1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2.时间状语： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays，3.基本结构：动词 原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）

4.否定形式：主语+am/is/are +not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

6.例句：.It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words..二、一般过去时

1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词的过去式

4.否定形式：主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.I didn't know you were so busy.三、现在进行时

1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, etc.look.listen

3.基本结构：主语+be +doing +其他

4.否定形式：主语+be +not +doing+其他

5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。

6.例句： How are you feeling today?

He is doing well in his lessons.四、过去进行时

1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他

4.否定形式：主语+was/were + not +doing+其他

5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写）

6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.五、现在完成时

1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.时间状语：yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点，for+时间段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构：主语+have/has +p.p（过去分词）+其他

4.否定形式：主语+have/has + not +p.p（过去分词）+其他

5.一般疑问句：have或has。

6.例句：I've written an article.The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.六、过去完成时

1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。

2.时间状语：Before, by the end of last year(term, month…), etc.3.基本结构：主语+had + p.p（过去分词）+其他

4.否定形式：主语+had + not +p.p（过去分词）+其他

5.一般疑问句：had放于句首。

6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month.We had reviewed four books

基本结构：主语+had+p.p（过去分词）+其他

①肯定句：主语+ had+p.p（过去分词）+其他

②否定句：主语+ had+ not+p.p（过去分词）+其他

③一般疑问句：Had+主语+p.p（过去分词）+其他

④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句七、一般将来时

1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2.时间状语：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本结构：主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其他；主语+will/shall + do+其他

4.否定形式：主语+am/is/are not going to do ；主语+will/shall not do+其他

5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。

6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.八、过去将来时

1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。

2.时间状语：The next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.3.基本结构：主语+was/were +going to + do+其他；主语+would/should + do+其他

4.否定形式：主语+was/were/not + going to + do;主语+would/should + not + do.5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。

6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there.九、将来完成时

1.概念：在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态

2.时间状语：by the time of;by the end of+时间短语（将来）;by the time+从句（将来）

3.基本结构：主语+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p（过去分词）+其他

4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.十、现在完成进行时

1.概念：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始，也可能仍在继续，并可能延续到将来。

2.基本结构：主语+have/has +been +doing+其他

3.时间状语：since+时间点，for+时间段等。

4.例子：I have been sitting here for an hour.The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.

十一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换

在现在完成时中，延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用，瞬间动词却不能。但是，可用别的表达方式：①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中；②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语，与一段时间连用；③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中，表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思，主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看：

A.He joined the League two years ago.B.He has been in the League for two years.C.It is two years since he joined the League.D.Two years has passed since he joined the League.

十二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换

在一般现在时中，at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上学、上课）等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看：

Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.十三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换

在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如：I am coming, Mum!意为“我就来，妈妈！”请看：

The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.名词复数的不规则变化

1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth

mouse---mice man---men woman---women

注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

如： an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。

2）单复同形 如：

deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese

li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin

但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:

a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters

3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

如： people.police.cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说

a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。

如： The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：

a.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。

b.news 是不可数名词。

c.the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。

The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。

d.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。

“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

5)表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses(眼镜)trousers, clothes

若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers

6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼

第四篇：初中英语动词时态练习题一(含答案)

初中英语动词时态练习题一（含答案）

1.I will tell him as soon as he _____ back

A.come B.comes C.will come D.came

2.Mary _____ on shoes when she ____ them.A.tries…buys B.tries… buies C.trys… buys D.trys… buies

3.The girl often ______ cold when she ______.A.cathcs…dances B.catches… dances C.catchs…dancees D.catches… dancee

4._____ he ____ himself there? No, I don't think so.A.Do…enjoy B.Does… enjoies C.Does… enjoys D.Does…enjoy

5._____ your teacher ____ from them very often? Certainly.A.Do…hear B.Does…hear C.Do… receive D.receive

6._____ your mother _____ some cleaning on Sundays?

A.Does…does B.Do…does C.Does…do D.Do… do

7._____ Tom _____to work hard to help his family ? Yes, he _____.A.Has… x…does B.Has…x…does

C.Does…has…has D.Does… have…does

8.Which teacher _____ lessons to you every day ?

A.does …gives B.does… give C.do… give D.gives

9.Smith does not go fishing on weekdays, ____? _____ , he does.A.does he…No B.does he…Yes C.doesn't he…No D.doesn't he…Yes

10.Mr Black often _____ fishing on Sundays, _____ he ?

A.goes…doesn't B.goes…isn't

C.doesn't go…does D.doesn't go…is

11.He usually _____ TV on Sunday evening.A.watch B.watches C.watching D.is watching

12.We'll go to play with snow if it ______ tomorrow.A.snow B.snows C.will snow D.snowed

13.Neither I nor he ______ French.A.speak B.doesn't speak C.speaks D.doesn't speak

14.Nobody ______ how to run this machines.A.know B.have known C.knows D.is knowing

15.The Young Pioneer _____ water for the old man every day.A.carry B.bring C.takes D.carries

16.Some are ______ in the river and some are ______ games.A.swimming… playing B.swimming…plaiing

C.swimming… I playing D.swimming…plaing

17.Look!The boy students are _____ football while the girls are _____.A.playing… dance B.playing… dancing

C.play… dancing D.play… dance

18.He _____ to do his lessons at eight every evening.A.is beginning B.is beginning C.begin D.begins

19._____ he _____ on well with his friends this term ?

A.Does…gets B.Does…get C.Is…getting D.Is…geting

20.Mr Smith _____ short stories, but he ____ a TV play these days.A.is writing…is writing B.is writing… writes

C.writes… is writing D.writes… writes

第五篇：英语动词时态重点讲解

英语动词时态重点讲解

动词时态

动词主要表示动作，其次表示状态或性质。动作和状态的发生有一定的时间和表现方式。这就是英语动词的时态。英语动词的时态主要由动词的不同形式来表示。

动词时态的本质是什么？

时态是英语动词的一个语法概念，它跟语态、语气一样，都是通过变化动词的形式，从而达到准确表达句子语义之目的。学英语必须学好动词时态，因为时态清楚地说明了这个动词表示的动作所发生的时间(过去或现在)或者形态(进行或完成)。动词如果没有时态的话，那么，人们就无法理解一个句子所表达的准确含义了。

在中学阶段，我们必须掌握最基本的八种时态：一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，一般将来时，一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时。此外，其他几种比较常用的时态，我们也应有一个大致的了解和把握。在学习过程中应特别注意以下几点：

1.把握各种时态的特点及动词形式变化，注意易混淆时态之间的差异；

2.准确理解语境意义，捕捉隐含的时间信息；

3.克服惯性思维，排除“假性时间状语”的误导；

4.注意巧变语境，培养发散性思维。

学生：各种动词时态的形式我们基本没什么问题，只是在具体的句子里容易出错。老师：动词时态的使用，主要看时间状语和上下文。每种时态都有相应的时间状语。见到often，usually，sometimes等表示一种频率的或经常发生动作的时间副词，动词一般用一般现在时态；句中有last week，yesterday，in 2000等表示过去的时间副词或短语，多用一般过去时态；句中有tomorrow，next year等表示未来的时间副词或短语，多用将来时态；句中有already，yet，for...，since...等副词或短语，多用完成时态。如果没有明确的时间短语或状语，就得看上下文。看看主句和从句的关系，根据主句可以确定从句的动词形式，根据从句也可以确定主句的动词形式。

学生：就是这些主句、从句把我们搞得晕头转向。又是状语从句，又是宾语从句，都不知该怎么记了。

老师：我们先回忆一下状语从句，状语从句主要有时间、地点、原因、结果、比较、条件等从句。其中时间、条件两种从句，使用时要特殊记：主句是一般将来时态，从句要用一般现在时态。如：（1）I'll phone you back as soon as I get home．（2）You'll fail if you don't work harder．其他一般都遵循“时态一致”的原则。而含宾语从句的句子，主

句是现在时态，从句可以用所需要的任何时态（注：宾语从句讲的是事实或普遍真理，通常用一般现在时态）；主句是过去时态，从句也要用相应的过去时态。

学生：那怎样保证使用动词时态少犯错误或不犯错误呢？

老师：除了牢记动词形式、熟悉相关的时间状语和上下文规则外，就是多造句子、多练习。有意识、有计划地练习使用这常用的8种时态。