凯文老师,2018年上海高中高考英语词汇 动词词组2

第一篇：凯文老师,2018年上海高中高考英语词汇 动词词组2

2018年上海高中高考英语词汇（动词词组（2）

7.以look为中心的词组

look about 四下环顾；查看

look after 照顾，看管

look around 东张西望

look at 注视，着眼于

look back 回顾

look for 寻找；期待，期望

look down on 俯视；轻视

look forward to 盼望，期待

look into 窥视；调查；浏览 look like 看起来象

look on 旁观；面向

look out 向外看；注意；当心，堤防

look over 从上面看过去；检查

look through 透过~~看去；看穿；浏览

look up to 仰望，尊敬

8.以make为中心的词组

be made from 由~~原料制成be made of 由~~材料制成be made up of 由~~组成make a fool of 愚弄，欺骗

make a mistake 弄错

make a point of doing 强调；认为~~重要；决心，坚持

make advantages/use of 使用，利用 make after 追求，追赶

make believe 假装

make certain 确信，把~~弄清楚

make contact with 接通，与~~接触，与~~联系

make for 去向，向~~前进；有利于

make friends with 和~~交友

make into 把~~制成，使~~转变为 make much of 重视；理解；赏识

make one’s mind on sth.决定某事

make one’s own 当作自己的看待

make oneself at home 随便，别拘束

make out 填写；开支票；理解；辨认

make the best of 尽量利用；极为重视

make up 弥补，修理；赔偿，补偿；起草；编造；化装

make up to 接近，巴结；向~~求爱

make way for 为~~让路，让路于

on the make 急求成功；增加

9.以put为中心的词组

put aside 把~~放在一边；搁置；排除

put away 把~~放好，把~~收拾；储藏；吃喝，吃掉

put back 把~~放回原处；驳回

put down 放下；镇压；制止；记下；削减；降落

put forward 提出；拨快；建议，推荐；提倡，倡议 put ~~ into 把~~放入；插入；翻译成put off 推迟，延期；消除；推脱，推辞

put on 上演；穿上，带上

put up with 忍受，容忍

put one’s heart into 全神贯注，专心致志

put up 举起，挂起；提名，推荐；陈列

10.以take为中心的词组

be taken aback 吃惊

take a seat 就坐

take a shower 淋浴，洗澡

take aim 瞄准，设立目标

take away 拿走，减去；夺去

take ~~ by surprise 出奇制胜

take one’s place 就坐，入坐

take care of 当心，注意；照顾；提防；谨慎；处理，对付；负责

take office 就职，上任

take ~~ for 把~当作

take off 脱去，除去；离开；起飞；模仿；起程；致死；复制，作副本；减弱

take one’s temperature 量体温

take part in 参与，参加

take it easy 别着急，慢慢来

take place = happen 发生，举行

take the place of 代替

take pride in 以~~为荣，对~~骄傲

take sb.by the arm 拉某人的胳膊

11.以turn为中心的词组

give a new turn to 对~~予以新的看法

in one’s turn 轮到某人做某事

out of turn 不按次序的，不合适宜的

take one’s turn to do 轮到做

turn a blind eye to 对~~视而不见

turn against 背叛，采取敌对态度 turn back 折回，往回走

turn down 折叠，翻下，驳回，拒绝考虑

turn into 走进；变成，变为

turn to ~~for help 求助于

turn off 关上（自来水，电器开关）；解雇，辞退；避开（问题）；制造；生产

turn on 打开（自来水，电器开关）；反对；依靠，依赖，取决于 turn one’s attention to 把注意力转向 turn out 培养；证明是；制成；实际情况是

turn out to be 原来是，证明是，结果是

turn over a new leaf 翻开新的一页，重新开始，改过自新

turn(a)round 旋转，转过身来；改变意见；采取新政策

turn to 变成；着手于

turn upside down 颠倒过来，翻过来；使陷入混乱

第二篇：凯文老师,2015年上海高考英语作文题目(作文解析和)

2015年上海高考英语作文解析，及，作文范文

II.Guided Writing(25分)

Directions: Write an English composition in 120–150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.学校即将举办“读书节”，目前正广泛征集“读书节”宣传册图片。假设你是该校学生潘阳，你已找到以下三幅图片，决定给读书节组委会写一封信，推荐其中一幅，你的信须包括以下内容：

1.简单描述你想推荐的那幅图片；

2.阐述你用这幅图片宣传“读书节”的理由。

作文解析：

今年的英语作文题目同样重点考察了主观理由型作文的写作手法，这篇文章要求学生在三幅学校读书节宣传图片当中选出自己最喜欢的一幅，对图片进行描述并说明原因。这也是继2013年和2014年连续两年考察书信体与主观理由型文章的结合体之后出现的第三篇主观理由型文章。

整体来看，今年的作文题目似乎与往年没有什么区别，但细细分析，我们会发现今年英语作文的难度，不管是在文章内容、还是在形式上面，都有了大幅提升。因为考生需要同时兼顾三个难点：

1、书信体正确的的书写格式；

2、对图片内容进行细节的描述；

3、找出恰当的理由(2-3点)进行论证，说理充分，同时注意论点和论据相结合，以及文章语句之间的逻辑严密性。可以说，近三年来英语作文虽然都在考察主观理由这个大的方向，但是考察的难度确实是在逐年递增。

对于考生来说，要想在短短的20分钟之内写好这篇作文，首先需要拿捏好这篇文章的结构。一般来说，文章第一段用来引出话题，第二段可以对所选择的图片进行描写，描写时要格外注意的地方是对细节的详细描述，基本内容讲清楚就可以开始第三段的理由阐述了。

写好重头戏理由之后，在尾段我们无需过多笔墨，基本上通过三句话就可以收尾了。也就是总结加升华，由于这是一篇征集建议的书信体文章，所以需要最后有一句客套话，考生可以通过Looking forward to your reply或者I will appreciate it very much if you can take my suggestions into consideration进行文章自然收尾。这样整篇文章便达到了内容统一，结构完整，说理充分了

作文范文：

Dear Sir/ Madam，Since the Reading Festival is around the corner, I’m writing to recommend a picture which can be used in the brochure to remind the students of the pleasure of reading.In the picture, three students are sitting at the table, discussing heatedly what they have just read.It seems that they have had a lot of fun through the discussion.Though it is admitted that reading is mostly a personal activity which needs quietness and concentration, as far as I’m concerned, it can also be a sharing experience when the same book is being appreciated.Just imagine that you have read a terrific detective story with fascinating and intricate plots.You are so amazed by the genius of the writer and you can’t help sharing it with your classmates or best friends, who turn out to have been deeply impressed as well.The moment you mention the book, the passion and enthusiam about the story will explode which can never be gained on your own.My ideal atmosphere of reading is just like that, through which you can not only appreciate the content by yourself, but also have the pleasure of sharing the plots or opinions with your peers, which will ultimately enhance your understanding of the book.To sum up, the reason of my recommendation is quite simple and apparent that reading, instead of being dull and isolating, can be full of particiation and common interest.I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestion into consideration and I’m looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Pan Yang

第三篇：高中时期常见动词词组

常用短语及句型归纳

1．高考高频动词短语（1）act短语：

act as 担任……职务，起……作用 act out 表演（对话、故事等）

例如：

I acted as an interpreter while I was in Xiamen.Mr.Black is acting for the old man in his case.(布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。)The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus.He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot.（2）break短语：

break away 摆脱，脱离

break away from … 脱离……，奋力挣脱…… break into … 闯入……，破门而入

break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解 break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入

break out（战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发 break out in tears 突然大哭 例如: The thief broke away from the police, but was later caught.If you keep on working like that, you’ll break down sooner or later.The car broke down just on my way here.If anyone tries to break in, the alarm will go off.If anyone tries to break into the building, the alarm will go off.She broke off a bit of bread and dipped it in the soup.I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.Does everyone know what to do if a fire breaks out? It may take a long time to break through the problem.In spring the icebergs begin to break up.（3）bring短语：

bring about 引起，导致，使发生 bring back 拿回来，使恢复

bring along 把……带来，领来 bring sb back 送回某人

break the rule 违反规定

break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开

break through 突围，冲跨

break(sth)off（使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止

act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）act up 捣乱，出毛病

bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒（比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒）

bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下

bring down / up(the price)降价／提价 [比较：(the price)go down / up 价格下降 /上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收

bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进

bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring to 使苏醒

bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用

bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施）bring up 抚养，培养，哺育 例如：

常用短语及句型归纳

A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.You’re welcome to bring along a friend.The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation(通货膨胀).American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year.This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s.Stress can bring on(=lead to / result in)headaches and other illnesses.Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles.He was brought up by his grandparents.（4）call短语：

call at(sp)访问（某地），拜访（某地）call back 回电话

[比较：call on(sb)拜访（某人），访问（某人）]

call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人 call / shout for help 呼救 call off 取消

call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话

call on / upon 号召

call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召 call sb…for short 简称某人……

call out 大声呼喊，叫喊

call sb names 谩骂某人 例如：

We called at Mike’s house yesterday.All ships sailing on the oceans call for help by radio in English.I’ll call for my uncle at Beijing Railway Station.Let’s call in a doctor for the little girl.Many of these songs called on / upon the workers to take up the struggle.I shall call on him tomorrow.I heard somebody calling out to me from downstairs.Call me up tomorrow;my number is 536291.Your letter calls up the days when we worked together fifteen years ago.Due to the bad weather, the sports meeting has been called off.（5）come短语：

come about 发生，产生

come across 偶然相遇 come at … 向……袭击

come down 下来，下落，传下

come along 来，随同，进展，加油

come back 回来，想起来，复活 come for… 来拿，来取 come down to… 到达，从一处来到另一处

come from… 来自，出生于

come into being 形成，产生

come off 脱落，从……离开

come in 进来，进入

come into use 使用起来

come on 过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶快

come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现

come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开 come over to… 过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方 come round / around（非正式）来访，串门

come to … 来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒 come to an end 结束，终止

come to know 逐渐地知道

come to life（变得）活泼，苏醒过来 come to light 显露，为人所知

常用短语及句型归纳

come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉

come true 变为现实，成为事实

come up 被提出，上来，走来，上升，抬头，长出来 come up to sb 朝某人走来

come up with … 提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上 例如：

A number of educational reforms have come about as a result of the report.I came across an old friend of mine in the street the other day.Your English is coming along really well.Come along / on!Don’t give up yet!Come along / on!We’re all waiting for you!Suddenly, he came at me with a knife.Now, let’s come back to what I was saying a moment ago.It is impossible for a dead animal to come back.Snow was coming down so thickly that I could hardly see through the window.The airplane came down in that field.Where does the film star come from, do you know?

Mr Smith came in in a hurry, book in hand(= with a book in his hand).The law first came into being in 1912.By the time he came to / into power in 1951, he was already seventy.How long is it since the electronic computer came into use? The button came off, but he didn’t notice it.There is no doubt that the truth will come out one day.The trees turn green and flowers come out.This magazine comes out once a month.Why don’t you come around / round for lunch?

Some day you’ll come to know the mistakes you have made.If they don’t come to a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.I’ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’ll come to me later.The bill came to £480 in total.His dream of becoming a film star came true at last.A child came up to me and showed me the way.The same problems came up at the meeting yesterday.They came up with the same problems at the meeting yesterday.Searching through the drawer, I came upon the letter I’d been looking for.（6）cut短语：

cut away 切除，剪去

cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入

cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减 cut in line 插队

come to / into power 当权，上台

come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟 come to terms with… 甘心忍受

cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半 cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应）

例如：

He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful.cut out 删除，剪下来

cut the cost of … 降低……的成本

cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉

常用短语及句型归纳

A lot of trees there were cut down in the past.The electricity was cut off because of the storm.He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day.Could you cut the pizza up, please?（7）do短语：

do about 处理，应付

do a good deed 做一件好事

do a test 做实验，做化验

do body-building 做健身操

do housework 做家务活

do observations 观察

do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙

do and don’t 要与不要

do a lot of walking 走很多路

do a word puzzle 猜字谜

do an experiment / experiments 做实验

do away with 废除

do chores 处理琐事，干家务 do make-up 化妆，打扮

do one’s best 尽某人最大努力

do research on… 从事……研究工作

do one’s homework 做作业

do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意 do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事 do some reading 读书，阅读，看点书

do some shopping = go shopping 购物，买东西

do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼 do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事 do telephone interviews 进行电话采访 do the laundry 洗衣服

do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好 do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头 do up the button 扣纽扣

do well / better in… 在……方面干得好/更好

do with 处理，处臵，对付 例如：

To tell the truth, I don’t know how to do with him.I’ll have nothing to do with him from now on.What did you do with that camera you found? The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us.Eat more fruit;it will do good to you.I think I can do better in English this year than last year.Liszt said, “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.” I’m going to do my best this year.I was only trying to do a good deed.（8）get短语：

get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国 get a full mark / full marks 得满分 get at 意指，本意是

get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离

get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足 get around = get about 四处走动，活动 get away from 逃脱，逃离 do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing 做得对）

get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还

常用短语及句型归纳

get close to 接近

get down 下来，降下

get down on one’s knees 跪下

get in 进入，收获，达到

get into… 进入……

get on 上车，过活

get down to(doing)sth 开始（做）某事）get in a word 插话

get sb into… 使某人陷入

get on / along with… 进展，与……相处

get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得 get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）

get on one’s feet（艰难地）站立起来

get out of 逃避，避免

get up 起床，起身

get out 离开，出去

get over 克服，恢复，原谅

get across 理解，度过

get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着 get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）get to 到达，抵达

get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领 get ready for 为……做准备

（比较：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 为……做好了准备）get rid of 除掉，去掉

get the idea for… 想到……的主意 get together 相聚，碰头，联欢

（比较：be used as sth 被用作……

be used for sth 被用于……，用来做…… be used to do sth 被用于做…… used to do sth 过去常常做）

get / be dressed 穿衣服

get / be engaged(to sb)（与某人）订婚 get / be lost 丢失了，迷路

get / be married(to sb)= marry(sb)（与某人）结婚 get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难 get / be tired of 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣（比较：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）例如：

I’m getting on well with my classmates now.How are you getting along with your English? He got the book away from her.The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.When did you get back from the countryside? Have you got back the book you lent him? “Get down on your knees,” said the Genie, “for I am going to kill you.” The dust has got into my eyes.This mistake may get him into difficulties.Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits.If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.” or “I’m sorry.” When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.The conductor got off and checked the rails.She got on her bicycle and cycled off.get sb to do 让某人做

get the message across 传播信息

get / be used to sth习惯于……，适应于……

常用短语及句型归纳

You work too hard!You should get out a bit more.If you don’t want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs(海关).I telephoned him, but I just couldn’t get through to him.She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.It’s time we got down to work.The theatre was already full, and we couldn’t get in.The peasants are busy getting in the crops.We didn’t get up until lunch time.He got up and walked over to the window.（9）give短语：

give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发 give back 归还，送回

give off 释放，发出，放出(烟、光、热等)give out 用完，耗尽，分发，发放 give up 放弃，辞去

give a description of… 描述……

give a talk 演讲，做报告

give close attention to 密切关注

give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳 give sb a second look 再看某人一眼 例如：

In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend.Remember not to give it away to anyone else;it’s a secret.Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in.If they are burned, they will give off poisonous gases.When they made ready to climb the next ridge(山脊), they found that their oxygen had given out.Our English teacher is giving out the test papers.Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped.Mary had to give up her job after her marriage.Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon.Could you give us some advice on reading? If you won’t have it changed, please give my money back.（10）go短语：

go abroad 出国

go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干

go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访 go against 违反，违背 go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面

go / walk around 四处走走 go away 走开，离去

go beyond 超越

go back 回去

go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去 go down on one’s knees 跪下

give over = hand over 转交，移交

give a concert 开音乐会 give / make a speech 演讲，讲话 give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成 give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗 give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助 give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人

give in 投降，让步，屈服

give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信

give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告

go down 下来，落下，倒下

常用短语及句型归纳

go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于 go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行

go for a job interview 去面试找工作

go for sb 对某人也一样

go into 详细调查

go for a walk / walks 散步

go in for 参加，喜欢

go into details 细说

go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去 go / be on diet 在节食

go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响 go on 发生，进行，继续

go on(a)holiday 去度假

go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播）

go on a tour to 去……观光（游览）

go on a visit to 去……访问（参观）go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事）

go on with sth 继续某事] go out 熄灭，出去，外出 go past 从……的旁边过去 go with… 与……相配

go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅 go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登 [比较：go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）

go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付

go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰

go straight along 沿着……一直往前走

go through 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查 go through with 完成go to bed（上床）睡觉 go to sea 当水手 go to town 进城

go to school / work 上学/上班

go to sleep 入睡 go to a movie 去看电影

go to the country(side)下乡

go home / there 回家/去那儿

go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生

go bad 变坏 go wrong 出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途 go Dutch 各付各的帐，平摊费用 例如：

No one dared to go against the rules.—Do you mind if I open the window? / Do you mind my opening the window? —No, go ahead.I went away /off wondering if I’d said anything wrong.I’m afraid the fish has gone bad.Things will get easier as time goes by.He went by quickly, taking no notice of us.If you really want the job, go for it!Close all the doors and lock them when you go out.The same goes for windows.I go in for all the competitions.After a short pause, Maria went on with her story.Suddenly the candle went out.Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.Let’s go over what we learned last period.Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings? Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million.常用短语及句型归纳

It is possible to go without food for a few days.Something’s gone wrong with my watch;I must have it repaired.（11）have短语：

have a break 休息一下

have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来

have(got)a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧 have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈 [比较：have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话

have a talk with sb(about sth)（就某事）与某人进行交流

have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话]

have a gift for… 对……有天赋（比较：have a reputation for… 有……名誉/名声）have a good flight（坐飞机）旅途愉快

have a good knowledge of … 对……很熟悉，通晓…… have a good laugh over… 对……笑了个够

have a good / great / wonderful time = have(great)fun 玩得（非常）高兴，过得愉快 have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of… 有……的习惯（比较：get into / form the habit of… 养成……的习惯

get sb into the habit of… 使某人养成……的习惯）have a hit 风靡一时

have a large population 人口众多 have a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会

have / take a look 看一看

have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快

have(got)a pain(in the…)（身体某部位）痛 have a part-time job 做兼职工作

have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼 have a swim 游泳

have a test 进行测验

have a(good)rest 休息 have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食

have a table tennis match 举行一场乒乓球比赛

have a try 试一试 have / take a seat 坐下（比较：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位）

have / show an appetite for… 有……的欲望或爱好

have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有预约, 和某人有约定 have an effect on / upon… 对……有影响，对……产生作用（比较：influence… = affect … 对……有影响

have no effect / influence on … 对……没有影响 have a good / bad effect on … 对……有好/坏影响

have a great / little effect on … 对……有很大的影响/影响不大 have a strong influence on… 对……有很大影响）

have / take an exam 参加考试

have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光 have an income of … 有……的收入

have access to … 使用（接近……的）权利或机会

have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭 have lessons / classes 上课

have mercy on… 宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯

have no chance of surviving 没有生存的可能性 have no choice but to do sth 别无选择，只好做某事 have none of … 根本不理睬…… have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物

have on 穿着

have / take one’s medicine 服药，吃药

常用短语及句型归纳

have some difficulty / trouble / problems with … 在……有困难/麻烦事

[比较：have some difficulty / trouble / problems(in)doing sth 做某事有困难/麻烦]

have something / nothing in common(with…)（与……）有共同点／没有共同之处

（比较：have much / a lot in common with… 与……有许多相同之处

have little in common with… 与……几乎没有相同之处）

have something / nothing to do with … 与……有关／无关 have to = have got to 不得不，必须

例如：

Class is over.Let’s have a break.I’ve got a cough.Dad and I had a good laugh over that.They are having a good time.He stopped to have a look.We are going to have a table tennis match tomorrow afternoon.Are we going to have a meeting this week? Here is a tree.Let me have a rest.Are you going to have a swim？ We’ll have a test tomorrow.Where is Peter? I want to have a word with him.Does she have lunch at home？

Then it has no choice but to lie down and sleep.He knew about the order, he knew why the soldiers were there, but he would have none of it.We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.Most of his questions have nothing to do with his lessons.I noticed that he had on bedroom slippers.Please come here and have my seat, Granny.He hasn’t had any medicine.At three fifty in the afternoon we have sports.（12）hold短语：

hold a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会

hold one’s breath 屏息，不出气

hold on to 抓住，保住

hold back 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住 hold on 等一等，不要挂电话

hold out 伸出，坚持下去，维持

hold up 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞

hold together 连在一起，团结一致

例如：

Anger flooded through her.She couldn’t hold it back.—Could I speak to Mr Smith? —Hold on, please.The little boy held out his hands.I think water supplies won’t hold out much longer.Sorry, I’m late.I was held up at work.（13）keep短语：

keep away from 避开，别靠近

keep down 控制

keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下 keep off 勿踏，勿踩 keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物

常用短语及句型归纳

keep on 继续进行

keep out 不得入内

keep…out 把……挡住，把……留在外面keep out of … 不进入…… keep up 继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落 keep up with… = catch up with… 跟上，赶上 keep a date 赴约

keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食

keep a record / records 保持记录

keep an eye on 注视，留心，注意，照顾（比较：keep an eye out for 注视，留心，注意）keep busy doing 忙着做某事

keep fit 保持健康

keep…in mind = learn…by heart = remember… 把……记住 keep(on)doing sth 继续不停地做某事

[比较：keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/继续做某事

keep … from doing 阻止……做，不让……做

stop / prevent…(from)doing 妨碍/预防/阻止……做，不让……做]

keep one’s appointment 守约（比较：break one’s appointment 违约）keep one’s balance 保持平衡 keep safe 保持安全

例如：

I would have been here sooner, but the rainstorm kept me back.Every week there was a rebellion（造反）somewhere, and the Austrian soldiers were kept busy hurrying from one town to another in order to put down the rebellions.While Leonov was outside the ship, he kept in touch by telephone with his companion and with the earth.He kept on telling us the same story over and over.You may depend on his doing what he says, for he is a person who always keeps his words.Danger!Keep out!Will this overcoat keep the rain out? It is also bad manners to keep silent when the teacher asks you a question.The rain kept up all night.I see you are getting along well with your English studies.Keep up the good work.The good news keeps our spirits up.He walked so fast that I could hardly keep up with him.Every few hundred meters along the wall there are watch-towers, where soldiers used to keep watch.There is a sign there saying, “Keep off the grass.”（14）knock短语：

knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等）

例如：

We knocked at / on the door but there was no one there.He was in hospital last night after being knocked down by a car.Tom entered the classroom hurriedly and knocked into Mr.White.He almost knocked into me before he realized it.If no one answers the front door, try knocking at the back door.knock down 把……撞倒，击倒 knock sb out(of sth)淘汰某人

knock over 撞翻，撞倒 knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见

keep the same look 保持原貌

keep one’s word(s)遵守诺言 keep watch 保持警戒，站岗

keep silent over … 对……保持沉默

常用短语及句型归纳

（15）look短语：

look at 看着，注视，检查

look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子 look after 照顾，照料，照看

look ahead 向前看，展望未来

look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾 look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去 look back on… 回顾……，回忆……

look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事 look for 寻找，找

look in 来访，参观

look into… 往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究 look(right)into sb’s eyes 直视着

look like… 看起来像……（比较：look the same 看起来像）look on 旁观，观望

look out = be careful = take care 留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防 look out for 警惕，留心，找出来

look over… 翻阅，（仔细）检查

look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻

look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比较：look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻视）look / be worried 看上去/感到担心 例如：

The boy is old enough to look after himself.He spent two weeks in Shanghai, looking around / about the city.We are looking forward to hearing from you soon.Join us.Don’t just look on.They all looked on him as a member of their family.Look out!There is danger ahead.I shall look out that I don’t trust him again.He looked through his notes before writing the report.Look through these photographs and try to pick out the man you see.I must look up the time of your train.A fox came to the tree and looked up at the cock.I’ve always looked up to Bill for his courage and determination.（16）make短语：

make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）[比较：be made in 在……生产/制造

be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）be made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成] make out 理解，看清楚

make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成 make up for 弥补，补充，补偿

make a choice 做出选择

made up one’s mind 下决心 make a commitment 承诺，保证

make a comment / comments(on / upon…)（对……）发表评论 make a(great)contribution to… 为……做出（巨大）贡献，为……捐款 make a decision 做出决定

make a(no)difference（没）有关系/影响

常用短语及句型归纳

make a face / faces 扮鬼脸

make a fire 生火

make a film / blockbuster／follow-ups 拍电影/巨片／续集

make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比较：make fool of … 愚弄）make / leave / create a good impression(on sb)（给某人）留下好印象 make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误

make(a)noise 制造噪音，发出令人不愉快的声音 make a note / notes of… 记录，做笔记，记下来

make a plan(for…)（为……）制订计划，制订一个（……的）计划 make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要 make a promise 承诺

make a record 录制唱片，做记录（比较：record a song 录一首歌

set a world record 创造世界记录）

make(a)suggestion(on …)提出（关于……）的建议

make a telephone call 打电话

make conversation 交谈

make friends with sb 与某人交朋友 make it（事业上）获得成功

make / take a trip / journey to … 去某地旅行

make(both)ends meet 使收支相抵 make fun of… 取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑

make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄

make mistake about… 犯了……错误

make oneself at home 不拘束，别客气 make one’s way to… 往……走去

make / earn money 挣钱

make oneself known 使/让自己出名

make progress(in …)（在……方面）取得进步

make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通 make sense of… 弄懂……的意思 make sth to(one’s own)measure（按自己的尺寸）定做 make sure 确保，确认，查明 make the adjustment to… 适应……

例如：

Bamboo is also made into paper.Our desks and chairs are made of wood.The paper for books and newspapers also is made from wood.This engine is made up of 490 parts.The actor made himself up for the part of an old man.These days many girls make up when they are still quite young.She made up a good lunch from bits and pieces.There isn’t any little girl called Kitty here.He has just made her up.Hard work can often make up for lack of intelligence.Everyone should make full use of time.But wait till you see what we’ll make for you to your own measure.I have made up my mind, and nothing you say will change it.They made fun of my mistakes when I tried to speak English.（17）pass短语：

pass away 去世，死（委婉说法）

pass by 通过，从旁边经过

pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传，一代一代传下去

make the / one’s bed 整理床铺

make(full)use of …= make the most / best of …(充分)利用

常用短语及句型归纳

pass on(to sb)转交给(某人)，传给(某人)pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来 pass out 失去知觉，昏厥

pass the examination 通过考试 例如：

Dr Johnson passed away last night.They all waved to us as they passed by.The tradition has been passed down from father to son for generations.She said she’d pass the message on to the other students.I nearly passed out when I saw the blood.（18）pay短语：

pay attention to … 对……注意，留心……

pay a visit to sb / a place 访问，拜访（某人），参观（某地）

pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复 pay off 还清（欠款）pay sb a visit 拜访某人 pay the bill 买单，付帐单 例如：

He promised to pay the money back by Friday.The old in our city don’t need to pay for transport.After ten years of hard work he paid off all his debts at last.（19）pick短语：

pick out 挑选，认出

pick up 拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，康复，购买（便宜商品）例如：

His story was picked out as the best by the judges.The phone rang and I picked it up.I’ll pick you up at the station.I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.After a short break they picked up the topic they talked about earlier.I picked up the unusual stamp by accident.I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.（20）put短语：

put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来 put down 扑灭，平息，镇压，记下 put forward 提出，建议，推荐

put off 延期，拖延

put on（戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴

put on a performance 演出 put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产 put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立

put up with 忍受，容忍

put into 使进入，输入，投入 put one’s heart into… 全神贯注于……

put／translate…into 把……译成

pay for 付款，付费，付代价（比较：pay a high price for … 付高价）

pass through 穿过，越过

pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上

put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱 put …to use 使用……，运用……

常用短语及句型归纳

put a date to sth 注明日期（比较：set / fix the date 确定日期

to date 到目前为止）

put an end to … 结束……

例如：

We put away the tools before we leave the workshop.All the medical workers in the region helped to put down the influenza epidemic（流感）.Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.We are putting the play on again next week owing to its success.The firemen soon put the fire out.The doctor told me to put out my tongue.It’s time that we put up the Christmas decorations（装饰物）in the living room.Drop your weapons and put your hands up.Another supermarket has been put up near our house.I can’t put up with a lot of noisy people when I am working.The government is putting more money into education this year.As students, we should put our heart into studies.（21）send短语：

send away 让走开

send for sb 派人去请某人，请某人来

send in 寄送某处进行处理 send up 发射，射出，往上送 例如：

Get back into bed.I’ll send for the doctor.The ship is in danger;it is sending out an SOS signal.The rocket will be sent up tomorrow morning.（22）set短语：

set about(doing)sth 着手，开始

set aside 留出，搁/放在一边 set down 放下，记下

set out to do 开始做，着手做

set a goal 设定目标

set sail for 起航去……

set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起 set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起

set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧 set sail from 从……起航

set out(for…)出发往（……），动身去（……）set /give a(good)example to… 为……树立（好）榜样

set foot on / in… 踏上……，到达，进入

set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做 set sb a good example in … 在……为某人树立榜样 set sb free 释放某人，解放某人 例如：

As soon as she arrived, she set about tidying up（整理）the room.Try to set aside some time each day for exercise.They’ve set off on a trip round the world.Together the four men set out to look for the lost animal.He set out to write a history of civilization（文明）.We’ll certainly set up a complete modern industrial system.send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等）

send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉

put …together 把……放在一起

send signals by … 通过……发送信号

常用短语及句型归纳

A few scarecrows（稻草人）were set up in the field.Let’s set up the tent first, and build the fire later.The police are trying to find out who set fire to the building last night.He was set free after three years in prison.Comrade Lei Feng set a good example to us all.（23）stand短语：

stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人

stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人 stand out 突出，显眼 例如：

CPC stands for the Communist Party of China.Stand still, and let me take a picture of you.（24）take短语：

take after 与某人相像

take along 带领，携带

take … apart = separate … 把……分开

take away from… 从……带／拿走 take down 拿下，记下，记录 take in 吸收，接纳，上当

take off（飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销

take on 呈现

take out 拿出，取出

take over 继承，接管，接替

take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）take a bank loan 向银行贷款

take a bath 洗澡

take / have a degree in … 取得……学位

take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险 take a few deep breaths 深呼吸

take away 拿走，拿去，使离开

take back 退回，拿回，收回

stand up 起立，站起来

stand still = stay still 站着不动

take for… 当作……，误以为是……

take a critical attitude towards… 对……持批判态度

take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育 take a message(to sb)（给某人）捎个口信 比较：leave a message(to sb)（给某人）留个口信 take a photo(of …)（给……）照相，拍（……）照片 take a risk / risks 冒险

take a sip 呡一小口

take a shower 沐浴，洗澡

take a taxi to...= go to...by taxi 乘出租车

take a walk / ride / holiday 散步／兜风／休假 take(an)interest in … 对……感兴趣

（比较：be into = be interested in 对……感兴趣

have / show interest in 对……感兴趣）

take advantage of 对……加以利用

take … by surprise 对……突然袭击，出乎……意料 take care 小心, 注意

take effect 生效，奏效

take care of 照顾，照看

take exercise 运动，活动

take … for example 以……为例 take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住

take it easy 放心好了，别着急，从容，不紧张 take...into consideration 顾及，考虑到，体谅

常用短语及句型归纳

（比较：under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中）take lessons 上课

take notes 做笔记，做记录

take notice of 注意

take one’s seat 就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为就职）

take one’s time 从容，不急，慢慢行动 [比较：take time 花费（时间）] take part 参加

（比较：take part in… = join in… = participate in… 参加……

take an active part in… 积极参加……）

take place 发生，出现，举行

[比较：take the place of … = take sb’s place 取代，代替（某人的位臵）] take pride in …= be proud of… 对……感到自豪

take responsibility for … = be responsible for … 对……负起责任 take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱

take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人

（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏）take sb seriously 看重某人

take sb some time to do sth 花费某人……时间去做某事 take sb’s temperature 给某人量体温

take shelter 躲避

take sth along with sb 随身携带某物

take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人

take steps / measures / action to do sth 采取措施做某事，采取（……的）行动 take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事 例如：

I’m sorry.I’ll take back what I said.Take care!The car is coming.My plane takes off at 11:00 sharp.We can’t have such a big table in this small room.It takes up too much room.（25）think短语：

think about 思考，考虑（是否去做）

think of 想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法 think out 想出

think over 仔细考虑

think up 提出，想出，设计出 think through… 思考……直到得出结论 think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑

think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 对……高度评价 例如：

I’m sorry.I can’t think out your name.When I was in the States, I often thought of my friend Li Hua.Think it over, and you’ll find a way.（26）turn短语：

turn against 转而反对，背叛

turn around / round 转身，转过来 turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等）turn … away 赶走……，辞退……，把……打发走 turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等）

turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达 turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝

常用短语及句型归纳

turn over 把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想 turn in 交进，上缴，归还

turn out 结果是，生产

例如：

Those who were once for him have turned against him.Turn in everything captured（缴获的）.I’m going to turn my garage into a playroom for the children.Be sure to turn off the lights when you leave the room.Shall I turn on the bath water for you? He turned the meat over in the pan（平底锅）.They always turn to me when they are in trouble.His attention turned to the pretty young girl.Turn the radio down a little.I can scarcely hear the program.He turned the coat collar（衣领）up because of the wind.Something will turn up to get you out of the difficulty.2．以介词或副词为中心的动词短语（便于强化记忆）（l）动词+about

speak／talk about 谈论

think about 思考

care about 关心，对……有兴趣

bring about 引起，使发生

set about 着手，开始

come about 发生 hear about 听说 worry about 为……担心

（2）动词+at

aim at 向……瞄准，旨在 un at 冲向，向……攻击 call at 拜访(地点)tear at 用力撕 look at 看，注视

work at 干……活动（研究）come at 向……袭击 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

stare at 凝视 glare at 怒视

glance at 匆匆一瞥 laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲（门、窗等）point at 指向 smile at 冲（某人）笑 strike at 向……打击 shoot at 向……射击 wonder at 惊讶（3）动词+away

die away 逐渐消失 put away 收拾起来，存起来

pass away 去世 wash away 冲走 take away 拿走 give away 背弃，泄漏 send away 让走开 turn away 把……打发走 wear away 磨掉，消耗

throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走，使入迷 clear away 清除掉，消散

break away 摆脱

（4）动词+back

keep back 隐瞒，忍住 hold back 控制住 give back 归还 call back 回电话 take back 拿回，收回

look back(on)回顾

（5）动词+down

cut down 削减，砍倒take down 记下，记录turn down 调小，拒绝 pass down 传下来slow down 慢下来 put down 记下，写下，镇压calm down 平静下来

burn down 烧毁tear down 拆毁，拆除

come down 下落，传下 break down 坏了，垮了，分解 bring down 使……降低，使倒下 settle down 安家

（6）动词+from

die from 因……而死hear from 收到……来信learn from 向……学习differ from 与……不同suffer from 受……苦

result from 由于 separate…from 把……分离开keep／stop／prevent…from 不让……做date from=date back to 始于……时期，追溯到

（7）动词+for run for 竞选 ask for 要求得到 beg for 乞求 wait for 等候 look for 寻找 call for 需要，要求

turn into 变成

turn…into… 把……变成……，转变成 turn to… 转向……，向……求助，查阅

turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是

turn writer = become a writer 成为作家 turn right / left 向右/向左拐

常用短语及句型归纳

hunt for 寻找 long for 渴望care for 关心，喜欢seek for 寻找come for 来拿，来取 apply for 申请

stand for 代表，表示 search for 查找change…for 用……换charge…for 收费，要价 take…for 误以为……是

hope/wish for 希望得到

（8）动词十in get in 收获，进入 fill in 填写cut in 插入 join in 参加look in 来访，参观hand in 上交drop in 拜访give in 让步take in 接纳，吸收call in 召集，来访bring in 引进，使得到收入break in 强制进入，插话result in 导致succeed in 在……获成功persist in 坚持

（9）动词十into run into 碰到look into 研究，调查，往里面看 burst into 闯入，进发turn into 变成change…into 把……变成 divide…into 把……分成put／translate…into 把……译成（l0）动词+of die of 死于 talk of 谈到hear of 听说 think of 想到 dream of 梦到 speak of 谈到 consist of 由……组成 approve of 赞成complain of 抱怨become of 发生……情况，怎么啦（l1）动词+out go out 熄灭set out 出发，着手try out 试用，试验put out 扑灭run out 用完let out 泄漏，发出(声音)pick out 选出hold out 坚持下去wear out 穿破，使……疲劳make out 理解，看清楚keep out(of)使不进入，挡住 find out 查出，弄明白work out 算出，想出办法等send out 发出，派遣give out 散发，分发，用完 look out 当心，提防hand out 散发，分发help out 救助turn out 结果是，生产come out 出版，出来

cross out 划掉burst out 进发carry out 执行break out 爆发point out 指出figure out 算出bring out 阐明，使表现出leave out 省略，删掉speak out 大胆讲出

（l2）动词+over go over 审阅，检查，研究get over 克服run over 压死，看一遍take over 接管，接替turn over 翻倒，细想fall over 跌倒，摔倒roll over 翻滚look over 翻阅，检查think over 仔细考虑watch over 看守，照看

（l3）动词十to add to 增添 get to 到达see to 处理，料理turn to 向……求助，查阅come to 共计，苏醒lead to 导致，通向 reply to 答复 refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅bring to 使苏醒agree to 同意 object to 反对point to 指向

write to 写信给relate to 理解，同情，涉及，（与……）有关attend to 处理belong to 属于supply…to 为……提供 devote…to 贡献给stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于compare…to 与……相比，把……比作（l4）三词以上的短语动词

do well in 在……干得好make up for 弥补look down on / upon 轻视break away from 摆脱keep away from 避开，别靠近do away with 废除put up with 忍受catch up with = keep up with 赶上fill up with 用……装满go on with 继续

get on / along with 和……相处look forward to 盼望look up to 仰望，尊敬add up to 总计live up to 依据……行事；做到；不辜负（期望）get close to 接近get down to 认真开始set fire to 放火烧pay attention to 注意pay a visit to 访问

take / get / catch hold of 握住run out of 用完get out of 逃避，避免take notice of 注意take a photo of 拍……照片 take the place of 取代set an example to 为……树立榜样

3、其他常用短语（按字母表顺序）（1）Aa a balance diet 均衡饮食

a best-seller 畅销书

a bit = a little = a little bit 少许，一点儿，有点儿，稍微 a bit of 一点，少量（修饰不可数名词）[ 比较：a few 一些，少量（修饰可数名词）

a great deal of 许多（修饰不可数名词）

常用短语及句型归纳

a great / good many = scores of 许多，大量（修饰可数名词）a handful of 一把，少量的，少数（修饰可数或不可数名词）a large / great amount of = large amounts of 许多（修饰不可数名词）

a large quantity of = large quantities of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）a lot of = lots of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a mass of = masses of 大量，许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a(large / great)number of = large / huge numbers of 大量的，许多（修饰可数名词）plenty of 大量的，很多，足够的（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a bunch of flowers 一束花

a cloud of 一团 a cup of 一杯 a deserted island 荒岛

a couple of 一对/双，两三个，一些，几个 a couple of days / weeks 两三天/周 a day or two = one or two days 一两天

a healthy diet = a diet of healthy food(s)健康的饮食 a highly-developed country 高度发达的国家

a kind of 一种，一类

a list of 一张……的清单 a pair of 一双，一副

a row of 一排，一行

a set of 一套，一副

a total of 总数（量）为

a large sum of money 一大笔钱

a natural disaster 自然灾害

a laid-off worker 下岗工人 a length of … 长……

a live concert 现场直播的音乐会 a packet of 一盒，一捆，一包

a piece of 一件，一块，一张

a series of 一系列的，一连串，一套

a shortage of teachers 教师资源的缺乏

a total failure 一个彻底的失败者 a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行

a third of = one third of 三分之一

a variety of = varieties of = various 种种的，种类繁多的

a waste of(time)白费(时间)，浪费(时间)a man of name 知名人士

a world of magic and wonders 充满魔力和神奇的世界 after all 毕竟，终究

after a short while 不久以后，没多久

all at once = all of a sudden 突然，忽然 all in all 总共，总的来说 all night long 整夜，通宵

all over 到处，遍及，结束 all the best 祝一切顺利，万事如意 all the time 一直 all together 一起，总共

after a time 一段时间以后

after class / work / school 下课/下班/放学之后

all alone = all by oneself 独自，独立

all day = all day long 全天，终日

all kinds / sorts of 各种各样的 all one’s life 终身，一生

all over the world / country = throughout the world / country 整个世界/全国

all right 好吧，行了，（病）好了 all the same 一样，同样的 all the way 一路上，一直

all(the)year round = all through the year= throughout the year 一年四季，一年到头 an invitation to… 一张……的请柬/请贴 as a consequence / result 结果，因此

as a consequence / result of 作为（……的）结果，由于……的结果 as a whole 普遍来说，作为整体

as … as 像，如同

as … as possible = as…as one can 尽可能……地

as far as（表示程度，范围）就/尽……（=so far as），远至

as far as I know 就我所知，据我所知

as follows如下（用以列举事项）

an expert on … ……方面的专家

常用短语及句型归纳

as if = as though 好像，似乎，仿佛（比较：even if = even though 虽然，即使，尽管）as long as 只要（= so long as引导条件状语从句），长达

as much / many as 多达 as usual 像往常一样

as soon as 一……就……

as soon as possible 尽快，尽可能早地 as to / for 至于，关于，就……而言

as well 也/还有(= too)，同样地，例外

at an early age 年轻时 as well as = together with = and 也，以及，和，还，而且 as with...也一样，就像…… at a loss 茫然，不知所措

at any moment / time 随时 at all 根本（否定句），到底（疑问句），竟然（条件从句）

[ 比较：after a moment = after a while / minute 过了一会儿

a moment ago = just now 刚才，不久以前

a moment later 片刻之后

at the moment = at the time 此刻，现在，在那时

at the very moment 就在那一刹那

for a moment = for a while / minute 一会儿

for the moment = for the time being 暂时，目前

in a moment = in a while /minute / second 过一会儿，立刻，马上 the moment / minute(that)...一……就 ……]

at any risk 不顾一切

[比较：at risk 处于危险中

at the risk of(doing sth)冒着（可能做某事）的危险

take / run a risk / risks 冒险

risk one’s life(to do sth)冒着生命危险（做某事）

risk doing sth 冒险做某事）] at birth 出生时，一生下来就 at hand近在手边，在附近

at breakfast 在吃早饭 at home 在家

at last 终于，最后 at midnight 在半夜 at noon 在中午

at present = at the present time 现在, 目前

(at)home and abroad 在国内外

at length 最后，终于，详细地

at night 在夜里，天黑时

at one go 一口气（比较：by sea 乘船

by the sea 在海边

in the sea 在海里

on the sea 在海面上）at stake 在危险中 at times 偶尔，有时（比较：at that time 那时

at once = right away = right now 马上，立即 at sea 在海上，航海中，茫然

at such a great height 在如此高的高度

at table 在吃饭（比较：at the table 在桌前）

at the same time = meanwhile 同时

at various academic levels 不同的学术层次 at the correct / wrong / best time of year 在一年里合适/不合适/最佳时候）

常用短语及句型归纳

at war 处于战争/交战状态 at the base 在底部

at the(very)beginning of...在……开始时，在……之初 at the bottom of 在……下端/底部 at the foot of 在……的脚下 at the head of 在……最前面 at the latest 最迟

at the cost of 以……为代价

at the end of 在……末端，到……结束时

at the front desk 在前台，在服务台

at a high /low price 以高/低价

at work 忙于工作

at the art festival 在艺术节上，在艺术节期间 at the age of...在……岁的时候

at(the)least 至少 [比较：at(the)most 最多] at the mercy of 任由……摆布/控制，在……的掌握中 at the opening /closing(ceremony)of...在……开/闭幕式上 at the rate of 以……的比率

at the side of 在……的旁边

at the speed of 以……速度（比较：at full / high speed 高速）at the top of one’s voice 大声地

[比较：regard … as… 认为……是

treat … as…把…… 当作

recognize … as… 认为……是……

view / see / know … as… 认为……是……

consider … as … / consider …(to be…)认为……是……

look on … as… 视……为

refer to … as… 把……视为

think of… as… / think …(to be…)认为……是……] accept sb’s apology 接受某人的道歉

accuse sb of sth / doing sth 指控某人为……/ 做某事 achieve one’s goal 达到目的 act as 担任，充当

achieve success 获得成功 adapt to（改变以）适应 at the weekend 在周末

accept … as… 认为……是……，承认……是……，把……当作……

adapt oneself to 使自己适应于

add to 增加，添加

add up 加起来

adapt to the new environment 适应新环境

add …to… 把……加到……上

advance towards… 朝……前进

add up to 总计达到

adjust to these extreme conditions 适应极限条件 adjust to（调整以）适应

admire sb as… 钦佩某人是……

admire sb for… 钦佩某人的……，因……钦佩某人 advance the deadline 提前最后期限

advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事

agree with sb / sb’s opinion / sb’s idea 同意某人（意见，看法），与某人看法一致 [ 比较：agree on sth 对……达成共识

agree to(the plan)同意（计划等）] aim at 向……瞄准，旨在，针对 answer for… 对……负责

appeal to their emotions 投合他们的喜好 apply to 应用，适用

allow for 顾及，为……做准备

apologize to sb(for sth)= make an apology to sb(for sth)（因某事）向某人道歉 appeal to 有吸引力，呼吁，上诉 apply for 申请，请求

常用短语及句型归纳

appoint sb as… 任命某人当……

argue about 争论某事 arrive in / at 到达某地 ask for 要求得到

ask for a leave 请假

approve of 赞成argue with sb about sth 因某事和某人争执/争论 ask after sb 问候某人

ask for a day off 请一天假

associate…with… 把……与……联系起来 attend school / university 上学/上大学

attend to 处理，照顾，关照，倾听 attach to 加在……之上，使喜爱，使依恋，参加，附着 attempt to do sth 试图做某事 attend the meeting 出席会议 above all 首要的是，尤其是 action film / movie 动作片

against the wall 靠着墙

ahead of… 优于，超过，比……早，在……的前面 alarm clock 闹钟 and so on 等等

another day 改天

along with… 和……一起 any more 再，又

and things like that ……之类的东西 attract / draw / call sb’s attention 吸引某人注意

according to 根据

advanced mathematics 高等数学

again and again 一次又一次，一再，反复

apart from 除……都，除……以外

around the corner 在拐角处，即将来临（比较：on the way = in store 即将来临

draw near 即将来临，就要来临，逼近）

（2）Bb

be after 寻找，追踪，追求 be from 从……来，是……人 be off / leaving 离开

be out of 没有，用完 be up against 面对

be /act against 违背，违反，反对 be next to 在……隔壁，紧挨着…… be out（灯火）熄灭，（人）外出 be up 起床

be up to sb 由某人决定

be upon 逼近，临近be up to sth 忙于某事，从事于

be anxious about … 为……而忧虑/着急/担心（比较：be anxious for … 渴望，非常希望

be concerned about / for… 为……而忧虑/着急/担心

be concerned about / with… 对……关切/关注/感兴趣）be careful about / of / with sth 注意，留意，当心 [比较：be careful(not)to do sth 小心（不）做某事] be clear about 对……清楚

be crazy about 对……着迷

be curious about = have the curiosity about 对……感到好奇

be excited about 对…… 感到兴奋 be amazed at 为……感到惊讶

be present at 出席

be particular about 对……挑剔 be experienced at 对……有经验

be shocked at 对……感到震惊

be common for 对……来说是很普通的

be eager for … = long for… = be dying for… 渴望得到……（比较：be eager to do sth 急着想做某事）be famous for 因……而闻名，由于……而出名（比较：be famous as 作为……而闻名

常用短语及句型归纳

be famous to 对……来说很出名）

be fit for = be suitable for 适合

be good / bad for sb 对……有好处/坏处

（比较：be good at 善于……，擅长于……，在……方面做得好

be good to sb 对某人友好

do good to sb = do sb good 对某人有好处

do harm to sb = do sb harm = harm sb = be harmful to sb 对某人有害，伤害某人）

be honored for… 因……受到尊敬 be to blame for 因……受到责备 be confident in 在……方面自信

be intended for 为了

be carved in rock 被刻在岩石上 be effective in 在……方面有效

be late for 迟到（比较：be late with sth 某事做得晚）

be caught in(a rain / a traffic jam / the earthquake)突然/偶然遇到（雨/交通堵塞/地震）be fluent in(a language)在（某一门语言）方面很流利

be lost in = lose oneself in 沉浸于，沉醉于be poor / low in 在……方面不足 be quick in mind and action 思维敏捷行动迅速 be rich / high in 在……方面丰富

be set in 以……为背景

be strong in heart and mind 意志坚强，头脑聪明

be trapped in 被困在……（比较：be trapped by 被……所困）

be afraid of = be terrified of 害怕，恐惧（比较：be afraid to do 害怕去做，不敢做）be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧/惭愧

be full of = be filled with 充满了，装满 be uncertain of / about 对……没把握

be addicted to 沉溺于 be opened to 向……开放

be reduced to 30% 减少到百分之30%（指最后的结果）

[比较：be reduced by 30% 减少了百分之30%（指与原来相对而言）] be similar to 与……相似，与……相像 be armed with 以……武装 be busy with sth 忙于某事

（比较：be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

be occupied with sth 忙于某事 be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事）

be covered with / by 被……所覆盖 be diagnosed with 被诊断为

be crowded with 挤/塞满了……

be angry with sb for sth 因某事生某人的气

be burdened with 为……所累

be aware of 意识到，知道

be jealous of 嫉妒

be accustomed to(doing)sth习惯于……

be fond of = care for = like = enjoy 爱好，喜欢

be short of = be lacking in 缺乏，缺少 be sure of / about 对……有把握

be loyal to = be faithful to = be devoted to 忠诚于

be equipped with 具有，装有……设备，为……做好准备

be faced with 面临……，面对…… be fed up with 对……感到厌倦

be mean with 对……吝啬

be familiar with 对……很熟悉

be honest with 对……诚实

be pleased / satisfied with 对……感到满意

（比较：be content with 对……感到满意，满足于……

be content to do sth 愿意做某事）

常用短语及句型归纳

be popular with 受到……的欢迎

be pressed with 被刻印/铸压上

be about to do sth 正要做某事

be strict with sb 对某人严格要求（比较：be strict in sth 对某事严格要求）be surrounded with / by 被……围绕

be delighted to do sth 高兴做某事

be determined to do = determine / decide to do sth 决心做……

be due to do sth 预定/到期应该做某事（比较：due to sth 因为/由于……）be forced to do sth 被迫做某事

be free to do sth 任意去做，悉听尊便 be able to do 能，会

be born 出生，出世

be likely to do sth 很有可能做某事

be willing to do = like to do 愿意做某事 be absent from 缺席，旷课

be awarded a Nobel Prize 获得诺贝尔奖 be badly treated 受到虐待

be supposed to do 被认为/被期望/应该做某事

be asleep 睡着（比较：be awake 醒着）

be badly off 潦倒，贫困（比较：be well off 富有）be / become endangered 频临危险 be in contact with 与……有交往（比较：make contact with 与……联络

lose / break contact with 与……失去联系

lose touch with = be out of touch with 与……失去联系

be in touch with = stay / keep in touch with 与……保持联系 get in touch with = get into contact with sb 与……取得联系 bring … into touch with 使……接触，使……认识

keep track of… 与……保持联系，了解……的动态，记录……）

be in possession of = take possession of 持有，拥有，占有，占领

（比较：be in sb’s possession = be in the possession of sb 被某人占有/拥有

come into sb’s possession 被某人占有/拥有）be in the charge of 在某人的掌管下，由某人经营/照顾（比较：be in charge of 掌管，管理，照顾）be mentally disturbed 精神失常

be of(no)effect 有（无）效

be of different sizes / weights / shapes 大小不一/重量不同/形状各异（比较：be of the same size / weight / shape 大小/重量/形状相同）be of great importance / value 非常重要，有重要性

be of high / good quality 高质量的（比较：be of poor quality 质量糟糕的）be of(no)use 有（无）用

be well received 很受欢迎

be on good terms(with sb)与某人关系好 be upset 沮丧，伤心

be(well)worth doing（很）值得做 be stressed out 紧张的，有压力的

be of benefit 有利的，有好处的

[比较：be worthy of sth / of being done / to be done 值得（做）……] by accident = by chance 偶然地, 碰巧，意外

by air / boat / bus / train 乘坐飞机/小船/公共汽车/火车 by and by 不久以后，逐渐地 by day / night 白天/ 晚上

by force 靠武力 by law 根据法律

by appointment 按约定 by fax 通过传真

by hand = with one’s hands 手工

by mail 通过邮寄

by choice 出于选择（比较：for choice 要选就选）

常用短语及句型归纳

by means of(doing)sth 通过，借助于……手段（比较：by all means = in all ways 不惜一切

by no means = in no way 决不，一点也不 by this means = in this way 用这种方法）

by mistake = in error 由于错误或疏忽，错误地

by weight 按重量计算（比较：by the hour / day 按小时/天计算）by the end of 到……结束为止，到……底为止 by the nearest exit 从最近的出口出去 by the way 顺便说，顺便问一下

[ 比较：by way of … 经由，经过, 通过……的方法

in a way = in one way = in some way 在某种程度上 in no way 决不, 一点也不 in the / sb’s way 挡道，妨碍

in this / that way 以这种/那种方式，这样／那样 in … way = in the way of 以……的方式 this / that way 这样/那样（直接做状语）

on one’s way here / there / home(adv.)在（到这里/去那里/回家）的路上 on one’s way to doing sth 即将做某事

on one’s way to someplace(n.)在去某地的路上 on the way 在路上，在来/去的行进中 on the way home 在回家的路上，即将来临 out of the way 不挡道

feel one’s way 摸索着道路（前进）

fight one’s way 挣扎着前进，经（奋斗或努力）开路或获得（某事物）

find one’s way to 设法找到去……的路 lose one’s way 迷路

make one’s way to 朝……走去 push one’s way 挤过去 struggle one’s way 艰难地行进] base on sth 以……为基础（比较：be based on / upon 以……为基础）beg for 乞求

become of 发生……情况，怎么啦

believe in 信赖，信任，信仰(真理，宗教，原则)，支持，赞成 bend over 弯腰，俯身

benefit from = profit by / from 从……吸取教训，从……中获益 blow away 吹走

blow out 吹灭 brush one’s teeth 刷牙 blow the fire off 熄火，把火吹灭

by the side of 在……附近

by the time 到……的时候（后接状语从句）

build up 逐步建立，增进，增加，加强，扩大 burden sb / oneself with sth 加负担于某人 / 自己 burn down 烧毁，烧成平地 burn up 消耗，烧掉

burn down… to the ground 把……烧成平地 burst into 闯入，突然破门而入

burst into sth = burst out doing 迸发，突然而猛烈地产生某种情况（比较：burst into laughter = burst out laughing 突然大笑起来

burst into tears 眼泪夺眶而出

常用短语及句型归纳

burst into cheers 突然欢呼）

burst out(doing)迸发出来，突然开始（做）

bed time 就寝时间

Beijing Opera 京剧

before long 不久以后（比较：long before 很久以前）belong to sb / sth 属于某人/某事 body building 健美 boiled water 开水

below / above zero 零度以下/上 body language 身势语

both … and … 两个都，既……又…… bus station / stop 汽车站/公共汽车站 business hours 营业时间

but for 如果不是，倘若不是（3）Cc Better late than never.迟做总比不做好。

calculate the distance between… 计算出……的距离

calm down平静，镇定

can’t help but do sth 忍不住做某事

can’t help doing sth 禁不住做某事，情不自禁做某事 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳

card games 纸牌游戏

care about 对……感兴趣，关心，担心（比较：care for 喜欢，关怀，照顾，照料

care for sb to do sth 愿意某人做

care to do sth 愿意做）

carry away 拿走，使入迷

carry off 夺走，携走 carry on research 进行研究 catch a glimpse of 瞥见 carry on 继续进行，坚持下去

cast away 抛弃

carry out(an experiment / a plan / an order / a survey)开展或执行（实验/计划/命令/调查）catch fire = be on fire 着火，开始燃烧

catch / find sb doing sth 发现/发觉某人正在做某事 cause damage to… 对……造成破坏

cell phone 移动电话，手机

centre on / upon… 将……当做重点或中心

（比较：centre / concentrate / fasten / fix / focus one’s attention on 把注意力集中于）chain stores 连锁店

change A for B 用A换B charge… for 收费，要价

check in 登记，报到 check information 审核情况 child laborer 童工 clean out 清除，打扫干净

cheer sb up 使某人高兴起来，使某人振作起来

change A into B 把A变成B，把A转换成B change one’s mind 改变主意 chat on line 网上聊天 cheer sb on 为某人加油 chemical factory 化工厂

charge sth with… 使某事物充满……（情感）（比较：be charged with 充满……）check out 查明，核查，结帐

Christmas card / tree / Eve 圣诞卡/树/前夕 classical music 古典音乐 classify … into … 把……分类成…… clear away 清除掉，消散，清除打扫，整理

clear up 打扫卫生，梳理整齐，（天气）放晴，露出喜悦的表情 close friends 密友

close down 倒闭

close up（尤指暂时）关闭，使靠近

combine…with… 把……和……结合起来

common sense 常识，情理

close to 靠近，接近

comment on / upon… 对……进行评论 commit the / a crime 犯罪

常用短语及句型归纳

communicate sth to sb 使某事物被人知晓，传送某事物给某人

communicate with… 与……交流/联络 compare notes 交换意见，交流看法 compare … to… 把……比作… compete in 参加（竞赛）

complain of 抱怨……

compare with … 与……相比 compete for… 为……而竞争

compete against… 与……相对抗

compete with… 与……竞争/比赛

computer / video games 电子游戏 congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人某事

connect with … 与……相连接 connect to 连接，相连（比较：be connected to 与……有关系）contribute to 有利于，贡献，捐款给，为……投稿 cool off 变凉，冷却，冷

copy sb’s example 仿照某人，照某人的样子做 cover the events 采访事件，报道事件 crowd around（许多人）围着

current affairs 时事

Come on!来！快呀！

cover an entire continent 覆盖整个大陆 cross out 划掉

create a positive / negative effect 产生积极/消极的作用/影响 cultural relics / sites 文化古迹（4）Dd dance to the music 伴随音乐起舞

date from = date back to 始于……时期，追溯到

day after day 日复一日（强调重复）

day and night 日日夜夜地

day by day 一天天地（强调逐渐变化）deal with = do with 处理，解决，对付 Cheer up.振作起来。提起精神。

depend on / upon = rely on / upon 依靠，依赖，信赖，靠……来决定 develop a lifelong friendship with sb 与某人成为终身朋友 develop the photos 冲洗照片

devote … to… 把……贡献给……，献身于……，专心于…… [比较：be devoted to(doing)sth 投身于

be devoted to sb 喜欢某人] die away 逐渐消失，减弱（以至感觉不到），淡化 die down 逐渐降低，减弱，消失，平息

die from 因……而死，死于（除了疾病或情感以外的原因，及某种具体疾病）die of(illness, hunger, grief, etc.)因……而死，死于（疾病，饥饿，悲伤等情感内因）

die off 一一死去，先后死去

die out = become extinct 灭绝，绝迹，消失 differ from = be different from 与……不同，区别于 dig up 挖出，掘起

dining room 餐厅

dip into sth 把……放入液体中，浏览，翻阅 display one’s deep sympathy 表达某人深切的同情

distinguish A from B 显示A和B（两者）的差别，使A和B有所不同（比较：distinguish between A and B 区别/辨别A 和B）

divide … into 把……分成，使……分隔开

divide up 分配

dozens of 几十

double one’s efforts 加倍努力 draw a conclusion 得出结论

draw back 后退

dream of 梦到

draw attention to 对……表示注意 draw up 起草，拟定

常用短语及句型归纳

dream of / about doing sth 梦想做某事 dress up as… 打扮／装饰成…… drop by 访问，拜访

drink to sb / sth 为……而干杯或祝福

drop in on sb 顺便拜访某人 drop off 放下（某物），下车 drop sb a line 给某人写短信

dress up 化装打扮，乔装打扮

drink a toast 祝酒

drive off 击退, 把（车）开走 drop in 顺便走访，拜访

drop in at sp 顺便拜访某地

drop out(of…)（从竞赛、活动等）退出，辍学 during the day 在白天

during / in the 1980s / 1980’s 20世纪80年代 during / in / throughout one’s lifetime 在某人的一生中（5）Ee each other 互相，彼此（比较：one another 相互，彼此 earn / make / gain a / one’s living 谋生

eat up 吃完，吃光

either…or … 或者……或者……，要么……要么…… [比较：neither … nor … 既不……也不……

not…but… 不是……而是……

not only …but also… 不仅……而且……（前句用于句首时，须倒装）] end up with … 以……结束/告终（比较：begin / start with 以……开始

close with 以……结束/告终

end up 结束，告终，最后得到……的结局/下场 end in failure / prison 以失败/坐牢而告终.end in a tie 以平局结束）

engage to sb 与某人订婚

English-speaking countries 说英语的国家 enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得开心 everyday use 日常使用 enjoy equal rights 享有平等权利 every day 每天

every few years 每隔几年

（比较：every four years = every fourth year 每四年，每隔三年

every two years = every second year = every other year 每两年，每隔一年)every now and then 不时地

except for 除了……之外

exist in 存在于……

ever since 从……以来，从那时起

exchange student 交换生

experience life 体验生活）

earn / make money 挣钱，赚钱

escape from 免于/逃脱……，从……泄露出

experiment with 进行实验，进行试验

explain sth to sb = explain to sb sth 向某人解释某事 express oneself 表达自己的意思 Everything / All goes well.一切顺利。（6）Ff face to face 面对面(比较：hand in hand 手拉手，密切关联)fail in doing sth 没做成某事

fall asleep 入睡（比较：fall ill 病了，患病，病倒)fall behind（成就，成绩）落后于 fall into 陷入，落入

fall down 摔下来，倒塌 fall off 跌落，下降 fall in love with sb 爱上某人（比较：be in love with sb 与某人相爱）

fail to do sth 无法做某事

Excuse me.对不起。

常用短语及句型归纳

fall over 跌倒，摔倒

fairy tale 童话

family tree 家谱

fall to / into pieces 垮台，崩溃，解体，倒塌 family name 姓氏

fax machine 传真机

far from… 远离……

far away 遥远，很远

fasten / tie … to… 把……栓/别在……上feast on sth 宴饮，尽情地享受…… feed … on 喂养，饲养（比较：feed on / upon … 以……为食）

feel down 感到闷闷不乐

feel well / terrible / better / weak 感觉好/糟/好些/虚弱 fight against 与……作斗争／打架／打仗

fight for sth 为……而斗争，争取获得某事物

fight over 为……而战，因……而争吵/争斗 fight sb / sth off 抗击某人/某事物，击退某人/某事物 fight with 与……并肩作战 figure out 理解，想明白，算出

fill out 把……填好

fill up with… 用……装满

find out 获知，查明，查出，弄明白，发现，了解 fire escapes 安全梯

first aid 急救

fire exit 安全出口 fish farms 渔场

fill in 填空，填写 fill with 用……填充 feel like doing sth 想做某事

fill A with B 把B装进A里，把A装满B fit in 被他人接受，相处融洽

fit in(with sb / sth)与（某人/某事物）相适应/相协调 fix a time / date for 为……确定时间/日期 fix up 搭起，安装，修理，修补 follow customs 随俗，按照习惯

forget about 忘记了

for ever = for good 永远

for example = for instance 例如(比较：such as … 例如……，像……这样)

for free = free of charge = without payment 免费（比较：at one’s own charge / expense 自费）

for once 就这/那一次

for one thing…, for another 首先……，其次……

for the first time 第一次，初次，首先

[比较：at first = in / at the beginning 起初，首先

at first sight 第一眼，乍一看，初见之下 first of all 第一，首先，最重要

in the first place（用于列举理由时）首先，第一，原先 the first time 第一次，初次（后接状语从句）] for the reason 因为

for the sake of 由于，为了……的利益，为了……起见 free from 不受……的影响，没有……的

from now on 从现在开始，今后

from then on = from that moment on 从那时起 from … to … 从……到……

from time to time 有时，不时，偶尔

from one country to another = from country to country 从一个国家到另一个国家

folk song 民歌

follow sb’s instructions 遵从某人的指示

follow / take sb’s advice 听某人的劝告 follow the rules 按照规则去做 for a period of several weeks / months 在几周/几个月的一段时间里

常用短语及句型归纳

from one generation to another 一代接一代地 full dress 盛装

（7）Gg gain weight = put on weight 发福，增加体重，增肥（比较：lose weight 减肥）gas station 加油站

gift money 压岁钱

glance at 匆匆一瞥

green tea 绿茶

generally speaking 总的来说，一般来说

given / first name 名字 glare at 怒视

greenhouse effect 温室效应

grow up 生长，长大

further education 进修，深造

graduate from… 毕业于……

grow up to be… 长大后成为……（8）Hh had better(do)最好（做）hand in 交上去，提出，面交 hang on 等一等，别挂电话 hang out（俚语）闲逛

Good luck!祝你好运！

Good morning / afternoon / evening!早上/下午/晚上好！

hand down 流传下去 hand out 散发，分发，发放

hang up 挂断电话

harmony with others 与其他人和睦相处，与其他人相处和谐 hear about / of 听说，知道 heart and soul 全心全意地

hear from sb 收到某人来信 here and there 各处，处处，四处 high school 中学，高中

help sb out 救助，帮助某人解决困难，帮助某人摆脱困境 help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事

hold／keep / stick to 坚持，忠于 home cooking 家常做法

hit sb on the head / in the face 打某人的头部/脸部

hold together 连在一起，团结一致 home village 家乡

hope / wish for 希望得到，对……怀着希望 host the Olympic Games 主办奥运会

how far 多远

hour after hour 一小时又一小时

how long多久

how many / much 多少（可数名词）/多少钱（或不可数名词）how often 多久一次，多常 human being 人，人类

hunt animals 狩猎

hurry up 赶快，快点

How do you do!你好！（9）Ii ice cream 冰淇淋 ice skating 滑冰

iced tea 冰茶

ID card 身份证

how old 几岁

hundreds of 几百，成百上千的 hunt for = search for 搜寻，寻找 Hands up.举起手来。

How are you? 你（身体）好吗？ How is it going? 情况怎么样？

Help oneself to sth 请随便吃。

Here you are.给你。（比较： There you are.你来了。）

if necessary = if it is necessary 如果需要的话 if only 要是……就好了（常用于虚拟语气）impress on sb 给某人留下好印象

（比较：be impressed by / with 对……留下印象）

in a few days = in a few days’ time 几天后 in a flash 立刻，很快，立即

in a good mood 心情好

常用短语及句型归纳

in a hurry = hurriedly 匆忙地 in a slightest 一点也，根本

in a straight line 沿着直线

in a whisper 小声地

in a row 一个接一个地，连续不断地 in a … state 处在……的状态/情况下

in a very short while 马上，立刻

in a word 总之，简言之，一句话

（比较：in other words 换句话说，换言之

in one’s own words 用自己的话说）

in an act of revenge 作为报复 in class 在课堂上

in common 共同，共有 in all = in total = altogether 总共，总之

in condition = in good health 身体好，身体健康（比较：out of condition = in poor health身体不好

in bad / good condition 处于坏的/好的状态）

in darkness 处于一片漆黑

in danger 处于危险中

（比较：out of danger 脱离危险

in danger of 面临……的危险）in debt 欠债

in history 在历史上

in demand 有需要的

in detail 详细地

in disorder 混乱

in English 用英语（表达）in general 一般说来，通常 in … order = in order of 按顺序 in fact = in reality = as a matter of fact事实上，实际上

in hospital / prison / church 住院/坐牢/做礼拜

in order to do = so as to do 以便，为了，为的是（so as to do不臵于句首）in peace = peacefully 安静，宁静 in return 作为回报 in silence 安静地，无声地

in public 当众，公开地，公然，在公共场所

in society 在社会上

（比较：in turn 转而，反过来，轮流）

in space 在太空（比较：in outer space 在外层空间，在外太空）in store 贮藏着，准备着，就要来到

in style 流行的，时髦的

（比较：out of style = out of fashion = out of date 过时的 come into fashion = be in fashion 流行的）in surprise / astonishment 吃惊，惊讶地 in time 及时（比较：on time 准时）in trouble 处于困境中 in vain 徒劳，白辛苦 in ruins 成为废墟

in tears 哭泣，掉泪

in use 在使用中

in chains（指囚犯）用链锁住的，不自由，被囚禁 in other aspects 从其他方面

（比较：in terms of 就……而言

in the eyes of 在……看来)in anxiety of 担心，担忧 in case of 假使，以防 in large amounts 大批地，大量地

常用短语及句型归纳

（比较：in case 万一，以免

in that case 既然那样，假若是那样的话）

in front of 在（某人/某物）前面（比较：in the front of 在……的前部

in front 在前方，在正对面）

in honour of 出于对……的敬意，为庆祝/纪念…… in praise of 称赞，赞赏

in search of 寻找

in spite of = despite = regardless of 尽管，不管 in view of 鉴于，考虑到，由于

in want / need of … 需要，缺少…… in agreement with 与……意见一致

in conversation with 与……谈话中 in harmony with 与……协调

in relation to 与……有关的

in reply to 回答，答复，回应

in exchange for 交换，互换

in the direction of 朝……的方向（比较：in all directions 四面八方）in the form of 以……的形式

in the heart of 在……的中心/核心部分

in the hope of(doing)sth 抱着（做某事）的希望

in the name of 以……的名义，代表（比较：name … after 给……取名，命名）in the process of 在……的过程中

in the day / daytime 在白天

in the end = at last = finally = eventually 最后，终于

in the future 在未来，将来（比较：in future 以后，今后）in / during / over the last / past ten years 在过去的十年 in the past = in the old days 在过去

in / during the rush hour 在交通高峰期 in ancient / modern times 在古代/现代

in the air 在空中 in the open air 在户外

in the rain 在雨中，冒雨 in the shade 在阴凉处

in the sun 在太阳下 in the wild 在野外，在自然环境下

in one’s(personal)opinion 依某人之见

in one’s teens 十几岁时

in one’s youth 年轻时

instead of… 代替……，而不是……，作为……的替换（比较：rather than 而不是）insist on sth / doing sth 坚持某事/坚持做某事

intend to do sth 打算做某事

intend sth for … 把某物供给……用（比较：sth be intended for… 供……用）involve sb in… 使某人参加，使某人陷入……（困境），使某人牵涉到……（比较：be involved in… 参与，有关联，忙于某事）It depends.=That / It(all)depends.要看情况而定。I dare say….我认为……。我估计……。I’m sorry.对不起。

（10）Jj join hands 携手，联手，合伙

join in 参加，加入

join sb(in doing sth)和某人一起做某事

join the line 排队

join up 联合起来

judge sb by sth 依据某事物判断某人，断定，认为（比较：be judged by 靠……来判断）junk food 垃圾食品

just as 恰如 just now 刚才，现在just so-so 一般 just then 正在那时（11）Kk kick the habit 戒除某嗜好

kind of 稍微，有点儿

information desk 问讯处

常用短语及句型归纳

know about 对……了解（12）L labor force 劳动力

lack of sleep 缺少睡眠

later on 后来，随后，以后 lay down one’s life 献出生命 lay the table 摆桌子

lead / have / live a cosy / an active life 过着舒适的/活跃的生活 lead sb to do sth = cause sb to do sth 使某人做某事 lead to = result in 通往，导致

learn about… 了解，学习有关……知识

learn …(all)by himself = teach …oneself 自学…… learn from… 向……学习，从……中学习

leave alone 不管，不打扰，不理会，随……去 leave behind 忘带，留下

leave out 省略，删掉，不考虑

leave sb by himself 把某人独自留下

leave sb where he / she is 把某人留在原地 leave school 离开学校，辍学，毕业

less than 少于，不足

lie down 躺下

light a fire 点火

let down 不支持，使失望，使沮丧 lie in 在于，位于 let in 放进，让……进来

lie to sb 对某人撒谎

let out 放掉，泄露，发出(声音)light bulb 电灯泡

light up 照亮，使放光彩，点上（烟）吸起来

listen to 听……

live in poverty 生活在贫困线上

laugh at 嘲笑，讥笑

know of 听说过

lay off 解雇，不理会，使下岗

limit … to … 把……限制在……

little by little 逐渐地

live life on the go 过着忙碌的生活

live on 以……为主食，靠……谋生，继续存在，继续活着 live one’s dream = try to realize one’s dream 努力实现梦想 live through 活过，经过（困难，危险）之后仍旧活着 live up to 依据……行事，做到，不辜负（期望）

live up to sb’s expectation = meet sb’s expectation 不辜负某人的期望 live with 忍受，与……一起住

lock sb up 将某人监禁起来，将某人锁于某处不得进出 lose control = be out of control 失去控制 lose heart 失去信心，泄气，灰心（13）Mm major in 主修，专研

main course 主菜

means of transport 交通方式

midfield player 中场球员

millions of 成百上千万

match …with … 把……和……相配 man-made satellite 人造卫星 medical care 医疗保健 Middle East 中东

miss one’s turn 错过

mix up 混合在一起

movie stars 电影名星 more or less 或多或少

lose one’s life 牺牲某人的生命 Let me see.让我想想。lose one’s sight / voice 失明 / 失声

mistake / take A for B 错把A当成B

morning paper 晨报

mix …with … 把……和……混合 mobile phone 可移动电话 more and more 越来越多

more than = not only 不仅，不只，多于，十分

常用短语及句型归纳

（比较：more A than B 与其说B，不如说是A no more than = only 仅仅，只不过

not more than 不超过，至多）

most of 大多数

multiply … by … ……乘以……

My goodness!天啊！（14）Nn native language = mother tongue 母语

next time 下次

nine out of ten = nine in ten 十分之九

no matter 不论……，无论……

not later than 不迟于

neck and neck 并驾齐驱，不分上下，不相上下

next to 紧接着，相邻，在旁边，次于

no doubt 无疑地

not as / so… as 不像，不如 not …till / until… 直到……才…… now that 既然

musical styles 音乐风格

no longer / more = not…any longer / more 不再，已不

not at all = not a bit 一点也不，绝非（比较：not a little = very much 很，非常）now and then 偶尔，时而

（15）Oo obey / break the rules 遵守／违反规定 object to 反对

of course 当然

obey / observe the law 遵守法律

occur to sb 使某人突然想到 Nice to meet / meeting you.很高兴见到你。

offer advice about / on … 提出关于……的建议

of late = lately 最近，近来

on a team 在一队/组，加入一队/组 on an open fire 露营

on and on 不停地，不断地 of one’s own 属于自己的（比较：on one’s own = by oneself 独自，单独地）on a large scale 大规模地，大范围地

on(an / the)average平均，按平均计算 on all sides 在各方面，到处 on condition that = if 如果

on business 出差

on display 展览，陈列 [比较：on show 展出，在上演（放映）] on duty 值日，值班

on end 直立，竖立

on holiday 在度假

on earth 在地球上，究竟 on foot 步行

on purpose = by accident 故意地 on watch 值班，守望 on the contrary 相反地，反之

on the go 奔波，忙忙碌碌的，四处奔走

on the march 在游行

on the point of 就在……的时候 on the top of 在……的顶端

on board 在（船/飞机）上

on sale 上市，出售，廉价出售，减价 on the air 正在播出的 on the front page 在头版

on the Internet 在互联网上

on the phone 在通话，用电话交流 on / over the radio 通过收音机

on one’s arrival / return（某人）一到达/回来

on(the)one hand…, on the other hand … 一方面, 另一方面 once in a while 偶尔，有时 one after another 一个接一个

once more / again 再一次

one day（过去/将来）有一天，某一天 one by one 一个一个地，逐一 opera house 歌剧院，艺术剧院 once upon a time 从前，很早以前 one-child policy 独生子女政策

open up 打开，开启，开创，开辟，开设，开放

常用短语及句型归纳

operate on sb 给某人动手术

or else 否则，要不然 or so 大约，……左右

opposite to 在……对面 or rather 或者

ought to 应当，应该

out of breath 上气不接下气 out of one’s reach 够不着

out of 由……里面向外，在……之外

out of danger 脱离危险

out of work 失业

out of order 运转不正常，出毛病

over and over again 多次，反复地，一再 over there 在那边

owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 把……归功于，感谢，欠（债）owe thanks to sb for sth 因为某事感谢某人

（16）Pp parking lot 停车场

pay phone（投币式）公用电话

pen friend / pal 笔友

personal affair 隐私

pencil case 文具盒，铅笔盒

people with disabilities = disabled people 残疾人 persist in 坚持 physical education 体育

pencil sharpener 转笔刀，削笔刀 phone number 电话号码

places of(great)interest 名胜 post office 邮电局 pile of(homework)一大堆（作业），一大批，一大团

pop music 流行音乐

play against … 同……比赛

play / act the role of sb = play sb 扮演某人的角色

play a part / role in … 在……中起作用 play a trick on sb 开某人的玩笑，耍弄某人 play football / basketball 踢足球／打篮球 play the piano 弹钢琴 point to 指向

play with 玩耍，游戏 point at 指示，指向

prefer A to B 相比B更喜欢A

point out 指出，使注意 primary school = elementary school 小学

prepare sth 准备

prepare for sth 为某事做好准备

prepare sb for sth 使某人为某事做好准备 produce / make electricity 发电 protect sb from / against … 保护某人免受……(伤害等)provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物（比较：supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 给某人提供某物

offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 为某人主动提供某物）

pull down 拆毁，拆除，摧毁，推翻

pull sb up 把……往上拉，把……拉上来

push open 推开（17）Qq quarrel with sb(about sth)（因某事）和某人吵架/争吵 quite a few 许多，大量 quite a lot / a bit 许多，大量（18）Rr raise money for(good cause)为（做好事）而筹款 rank high / low 排名高/排名低

rank third 位居第三

rather than 宁可，而不是，非，与其……宁愿……

push(sth)over（使车船等）闪到一边 pretty well 相当好，几乎，差不多 pros and cons 赞成与反对，正面和反面

pull on 随便穿上

pull out of 从……中退出，（火车）驶离车站，从……拉出来

常用短语及句型归纳

raw material 原料

record card 成绩单

record holder 记录保持者

reach out(for sth)伸手去（拿，碰）

reach out(to sth)伸出手以触到或抓到、拿到某物 read about 读到有关……

receive / get one’s doctor’s degree 获得博士学位 recommend … to sb 向某人推荐……

refer to 提到，查询，参阅，指的是，谈到，涉及，有关

relate to 理解，同情，涉及，与……有关（比较：be related to 与……有关联/关系）remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事

reply to 答复

respond to 回应，反映，响应

result in 产生某种作用或结果，导致

[比较：result from 由于，（因而）发生，产生，出现] return to normal 恢复正常

ring back 给某人回电话

ring off 挂断电话，停止讲话

ring up sb = ring sb up 给某人打电话 rise / come to fame 成名

roll over 翻滚，倒转 round up 使集合在一起，使聚拢

rock band 摇滚乐队 roller skating 滑旱冰

running water 自来水 ruin sth = bring sth to ruin 使……变成废墟 run after 追赶，追求，追逐，在……之后跑

run at 冲向，向……攻击

run away 流失，逃跑，逃走，失控

run away from school =drop out of school 逃学

run for 竞选

run into / across = come across = meet …by chance = happen to meet 偶然遇见 run off 跑掉，迅速离开

run out of sth 用完…… [比较：(sth)run out 耗尽，用光，用完] run over 压死，看一遍，跑过去

run a business 做生意

run / start a restaurant 开餐馆

rush sb off one’s feet 使某人忙得不亦乐乎，使某人忙得不可开交 rush out 冲出去

rush through 掠过，快速通过（19）Ss satisfy / meet the needs of … 满足……的需要 save money 存钱

save sb’s life 挽救某人的生命 say “no” to … 拒绝，否认，不同意

say thanks to … 向……表示感谢

say to oneself 心里想，自言自语

school day 学校上课时

school things 学习用具

school / field trip 郊游

for 搜查，寻找，查找

self rescue 自救

see for oneself 自己去看，亲眼看

see sb off 为某人送行（比较：meet sb 接某人）see to 处理，料理，照顾

see to it that…= make sure that… 确保，务使 seek after 追求

seek for 寻找

sell out 卖完，出卖

sense of responsibility 责任感 sentence / beat sb to death 判处某人死刑 / 把某人打死 separate … from … 把……和……分离开 serve as 作为，当作

serve in the army 服役

school play 校园剧

search

常用短语及句型归纳

serve the dishes 上菜

serve the people 为人民服务

settle an argument about… 解决关于……的争论 settle down 定下心来，安家落户，定居，平静下来 settle for 勉强同意，接受

settle up 付清，结账

share(in)sth 分享

shop assistsant 售货员 shoot at 向……射击

show off 炫耀

show up 出席，露面

settle in（使）习惯（环境等），定居 shake hands with sb 和某人握手 share sth with sb 与某人分享……

short wave 短波

shout at(sb)冲(某人)嚷嚷 [比较：smile at(sb)冲（某人）笑]

show respect for sb 对某人表示尊敬

show sb out / in 送某人出去/ 迎某人进来 show sb to the door 带某人到门口 shut up 闭嘴

show sb how to do sth 教某人做某事

shut down 关闭，把……关上

silver screen 银幕

sign an agreement with… 与……达成协议 sit down = be seated 坐着，坐下 soft drink 清凉饮料，软饮料 soup opera 肥皂剧，连续剧 some day 将来某一天，来日 sooner or later 迟早，终归

speak about 谈论，交谈

speak of 谈到

speak to 谈话，与……通话

sit up 熬夜

solar system 太阳系

side by side 肩并肩，一起，相互支持 social problems 社会问题

so far = up till now 到目前为止

sound like 听起来像……

some … , others … 一些……，另一些…… speed skating 速滑 speak against 发表抨击 speak out 大胆讲出

speed by 飞驰而过 space / train station 太空／火车站

speed up 加快速度（比较：slow down 减缓，减速，慢下来）spend …(in)doing sth 花（钱，时间）做某事 spend …on sth 在……花费（钱，时间）stage name 艺名

stone by stone 一块石头一块石头地

stare at 凝视，盯着看

starve to death 饿死

spread out 伸开，铺开

standing room 立足之地

straight away 立刻地，毫不犹豫地 start a fire 引起火灾

stay away 不在家，外出

stay away from… 与……保持距离 stick to 粘住，坚持，忠于 stop doing sth 停止做某事

stay the same = remain the same 保持不变 stick with 继续支持，保持联系

stay up 挺住，站立，开夜车，醒着，不睡，熬夜

[比较：stop to do sth 停下来做某事

stop …(from)doing sth 阻止……做某事]

strike at 向……袭击／打击

succeed in… 在……获成功

（比较：succeed in doing sth = be successful in doing sth成功地做了某事）suffer from… 受……苦

suit … to … 使……适合于…… surf the internet 上网冲浪

support / raise the family 养家

struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来

struggle against… 同……做斗争

struggle to do sth 挣扎着（竭力去）做某事

常用短语及句型归纳

sweep away（风）吹走,（浪）卷走

sweep down 吹倒，席卷，冲倒

sweep the floor 扫地

swimming pool 游泳池

Say “Hi” to sb for me.= Give my regards to sb =Remember me to sb 代我向某人问好。Say goodbye to sb 向某人告辞/告别。See you soon / later.再见。（20）Tt table manners 餐桌礼节，用餐规矩

talent show 天才表演 talk show 访谈节目

talk of 谈到

table tennis 乒乓球（运动）tape recorder 磁带录音机 talk about 谈论，交谈，议论 talk with 和……交谈 telephone number 电话号码 tear at 用力撕

tear sth into pieces 把某物撕成碎片

talk … through（充分）讨论，详细讨论

switch on /off 开/关（电灯、机器等）

talk to 与某人交谈／谈话 telephone booth 电话亭 tennis racket 网球拍

tear down 拆毁，拆除

tear up 撕毁，取消（合同）tell the truth 说真话

tell a lie 说谎

tell… from… 把……和……分开

tell … apart 识别，辨别，区分开

tell the difference between A and B 说出/分辨A和B 的区别 tend to 趋于，朝某方向

test the blood 验血

test on 在……做实验

Thanksgiving Day 感恩节

thanks for…因为……而感谢thanks to… 多亏了，幸亏，由于，因为

（比较：due to = owing to = because of 由于，因为）than usual 比平常…… the Antartic 南极 the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋

the Capital Stadium 首都体育馆

the day before yesterday 前天(the)long / high jump 跳远/高

[比较：the South / North(Pole)南/北极]（比较：the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 the Indian Ocean 印度洋 the Pacific Ocean 太平洋the Yellow River 黄河）

the butterfly 蝶泳

[比较：the Great Wall 长城the Palace Museum 故宫（博物馆）the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国（简称PRC）] the day after tomorrow 后天 the entrance to ……的入口

the Maglev Train 磁悬浮列车

the next morning 第二天早上

the majority / minority of people 大多数/少数人 the other day 前几天，某日 the(more)…, the(more)… 越……，越…… the other way around 相反地，用相反方式 the Olympic Games / the Olympics 奥林匹克运动会 the problem with … 关于……的问题

the same to 对……也一样

the United Nations 联合国

the same as 与……同样的

the United States 美国

the World Championship 世锦赛

thousands of 成千上万

the United Kingdom 英国

the way to do sth / of doing sth 做……的方法

the working people 工人，劳动人民

this very night 就在这个晚上 through thick and thin 不顾艰难

Three Gorges Dam Project 三峡大坝工程 three meters deep = three metres in depth 三米深

常用短语及句型归纳

throw light upon / on 阐明某事，使某事显得很清楚 throw about 四处乱扔 throw away 扔掉

throw at 向……扔去

throw up 吐出（事物），呕吐 tie … up 系，栓，捆

tire oneself out 使自己疲惫不堪

tie A to B 把A 绑在B 上

tire out 筋疲力尽 tie up(one’s hair)= do up(one’s hair)（头发）扎起来

time and time again = over and over again 多次，不断地，反复 time area 时区

toast to the New Year 为新年干杯

to begin with = to start with 首先，作为开始，第一点 to be honest = honestly speaking 老实说，说实在的

to make matters / things worse = worse still 使事情/情况更困难/危险，更糟糕的是 to … degree 达到……程度 to the north of 在……以北 too many 太多

track and field 田径

travel agent 旅行社

trade for 交易

to one’s knowledge 据某人所知 to the point 中肯，扼要，切中要害

too much 太多，过分，太 to one’s regret / sorrow / surprise / joy 使某人遗憾/悲伤/惊讶/高兴的是

too … to = so … that 太……以至于不能 tongue twister 绕口令

traffic lights 交通指挥灯，红绿灯 trial and error 反复实验，不断探索

trade in 以交易方式购入

trade … with sb 与某人做……交易（买卖）

transform … into… 把……转变成…… treat sb badly 虐待

treat sb to sth 请某人吃……

trip over（被……）绊倒

trust(in)= have trust in = rely on 信赖，信任

try on 试穿（衣，鞋，帽等），试试看，耍弄（花招）try out 试验，尝试，试用

TV series 电视连续剧

try one’s best 竭尽所能 TV station 电视台

Thank goodness!谢天谢地！It’s time to do….该做……了。under attack / fire 被攻击 twice the size of 是……的两倍之大 This way, please.请走这边。（21）Uu under arrest 被拘留

under repairs 在修理中

under construction / control / discussion 在建设／控制／讨论中 under the command of 在某人控制之下，在……的指挥下

under the direction of 在……的指导下 upside down 颠倒着，倒转着

use up….用完……，用尽……（22）Vv

VCD player 影碟播放机（23）Ww wait for 等待，等候

wait / stand in queue = wait / stand in line 排队等侯

waiting room 等候(候车)室

wake up 醒来wake sb up 把某人吵/叫醒 walk / run up to = go / come up to 上前去

want all day off 请假一整天

very much = a lot 很，非常，十分

unite as one 团结一致

up and down 来回，上上下下，来来往往

up to 正在做，从事于，大约，多达 up to date 现代的，时新的，据目前所知的

常用短语及句型归纳

wash away 冲走

wash down 冲走，冲垮

watch out(for…)留神，提防，注意

watch TV 看电视

washing machine 洗衣机

watch over 看守，照看 wear away 磨掉，消耗

wear out 穿破，把……穿旧，磨坏，使……疲劳

[比较：be worn out（衣服等）穿破/被损坏，（人）疲惫不堪/感到疲劳] what else 而且

win the first place（比赛）得了第一名 wish each other good luck 互相祝福 without a sound 悄无声息地

without luck 运气不好

wonder at 对……感到惊讶

work as an actress 做女演员

what if… 倘使……将会怎样，如果……将会怎样 win … prize 获得……奖 wipe out 去除，消灭 without limit 无限地 win sb 把某人争取过来（比较：beat / defeat sb 打败某人）wish … every success 祝…… 成功

with the help of＝with sb’s help 在……的帮助下 with the purpose of 有……的目的 word for word 逐字地

work at 从事，致力于，干……活动（研究）

work on … 继续工作，从事于……，忙于……，不断做……

work out 算出，解决，想出（办法），制定（计划），结局，至最后 work with … 对……起作用 would rather 宁愿，宁可

wrap up 包好，伪装

write to 写信给

work permit 工作许可证

would like 想要（婉转表达个人的想法、看法）wrap sth in 用……把某物包起来

write down 记下，写下

Well done / said!干得好/说得好！

worry about 为……担心，烦恼

What a pity!多可惜！真遗憾！

What a shame!太不好意思了！太遗憾了！

What / How about…? ……怎么样？……好不好？ What becomes of … ？ ……变得怎样了？ What kind …? 何种……？

What’s up? 怎么啦？

（24）Yy year after year 年复一年，年年，每年（重复）year by year 一年年（逐渐变化）Young Pioneer 少先队员

You’re welcome.不用谢。不客气。（25）Zz zebra crossing 斑马线

What time …? 几点……？

What’s the population of …? ……有多少人口？ What’s wrong / the matter? 怎么了？

What’s on? 发生了什么事？

Would you mind…? 你介意……吗？

第四篇：凯文老师,2018年上海中学高中高一高二高三高考英语阅读理解技巧,

2018年上海中学高中高一高二高三高考英语阅读理解技巧

上海高中英语阅读理解题，全面考查考生的理解、分析、比较、概括和解决问题的能力。阅读理解的语篇选材覆盖面广，保持了题材、体裁的多样性。选材语言地道，文体特征鲜明。试题难易适当，有合理的梯度，将细节判断、理解判断和推理判断融会贯通。

依据对近些年的上海高考阅读理解题的分析、对比得知，从其设计和内容上看，可以归纳为以下几点：概括整个语段主旨大意以及事实和细节；能准确理解句子字面和深层含义；能准确理解具体的事实和抽象的概念。题型上主要有 主旨大意题、词义猜测题、事实细节题、推理判断题等。

1.主旨大意题

任何一篇文章都有自己的中心思想，所以，文章通常是围绕该中心思想展开的。要领悟文章的中心思想，就要具备归纳和概括方面的能力，而这种能力又常是要考 查的重点。很多文章在全文或各段的开头便展示出文章的中心思想，它主要通过主题句（Topic Sentence）来体现。一般来说，文章的主题或中心都在第一段或最后一段表明。某一段的主题句也常出现在段首或段尾，而且常有一些表归纳关系的信号 词，如in short, In a word, in brief, to sum up, to conclude等。其常用提问方式主要有：What is the main idea/topic of the passage? The central point of the se-lection is that.The author is mainly concerned with.The passages mainly about等。

2.语义猜测题

该题型主要测试考生利用上下文判断单词、词组或句子在特定语言环境中确切含义的能力。常见的提问方式有：The word“…”in the context means.The word“…”could be best replaced by… Which of the following is nearest meaning to? The word“…”probably refers to.这不仅需要学生准确理解上下文，还要掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。并通过构词、语法等线索确定词义。

3.细节理解题

该题型主要测试学生对文章（或某一段落）中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的辨认能力，分直接辨认和间接辨认两种。直接辨认细节型一般只要求学生能从阅 读材料中直接获取、记住信息，然后能快速地将他们回忆出来；而间接辨认型不仅要求读者能从阅读材料中直接获取信息，还要将获得的信息进行各种转换，为阅读 材料中某些词汇、短语及句型等找到正确的英语释义。如排序、图文转换、数字转换、同义（反义）转换等。常见的提问方式有：Which of the following is NOT included（mentioned）in the passage? Which of the following sentences is NOT true?

4.推理判断题

这种题型主要考查考生根据已知信息做出合理的推断或判断的逻辑思维能力，包括要求考生体会作者的态度、观点、意图等。常用提问方式有：We can infer/learn from the（last）paragraph that.It can be concluded from the passage that.The pas-sage implies/suggests that.What can be concluded from the passage? The author's purpose of writing the passage is.这需要学生读懂原文，完全理解文中的细节信息，对其进行分析、推算，从而得出正确的结论。

第五篇：凯文老师,2018年上海高三高考英语一模试卷(中译英1)

2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题分类汇编：中英翻译

2018年上海市虹口区高三英语一模试卷 V.Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.熬夜大大影响健康。(affect)

73.等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time)

74.从长远来看，你的知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中的问题。(capable)

75.据信，过分溺爱孩子会不知不觉地造成孩子的坏脾气，甚至缺乏自理能力。(It)

Keys: 72.Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.73.By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.74.In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.75.It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.2018年上海市黄埔区高三英语一模试卷 V.Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.选举的结果很快便在全世界传播开了。(spread)

73.警察告知了他们那场导致他们儿子受伤的交通事故。(which)

74.太多的数据会使我们很难判断错误是由哪个数据引起的。(difficult)

75.任何处理复杂问题的人都可能因为没有全面了解挑战而受到指责，虽然事先了解一切是 1 2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题分类汇编：中英翻译

不可能的。(blame)Keys: 72.The result of the election spread rapidly all over the world.73.The police informed them of the accident which resulted in their son’s injury / in which their son got injured.74.Too many data make it difficult for us to determine which one has caused the error.75.Anyone dealing with a complicated problem may be blamed for not fully understanding the challenge, though it’s impossible to know everything in advance.2018年上海市浦东新区高三英语一模试卷 V.Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.为了安全起见，小孩不应该被单独留在家里。(leave)

73.深深吸了一口气，他面带微笑地走上了舞台。(with)

74.一个人待人处世的方式能反映出他是怎样的人。(the way)

75.只有当一系列奇数问题得到解决，到 2025 年，新能源汽车才能占汽车销量的百分之二十。(Only)

Keys: 72.For the sake of safety/ For safety, children / a children should not be left alone at home 73.Having taken a deep breath, he went up to the stage with a smile on his face.74.The way a person treats others can reflect what kind of person he is.75.Only when a series of technical problems are solved can new energy cars account for 20 percent of all the car sales by 2025.2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题分类汇编：中英翻译

2018年上海市长宁区嘉定区高三英语一模试卷 V.Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72..让我大吃一惊的是他的态度转变的如此之快。(sudden)

73..除非你在一周内给我满意的答复，否则我将诉诸法律。(Unless)

74..出国留学有助于学生学习外语和了解外国文化，但学生应该考虑可能遇到的困难。(consideration)

75..研究表明，当人们有压力时，看看有趣的电影或向朋友倾诉是排遣恐惧和悲伤的有效方法。(get)Keys:

72.What surprised me most is/was his sudden change of attitude/the sudden change of his attitude.73.Unless I receive a satisfactory response/reply from you in/within a month, I shall/will/am going to submit this case to the court/sue you in a law court/go to court/take legal action.74.Studying abroad/Overseas studies/Going abroad for/to(further)study can help students(to)learn foreign languages and know about foreign cultures, but students should take the difficulties/difficulty(that)they may/might meet with into consideration.75..A study/Research shows/illustrates that when people feel/are depressed/are under pressure, watching an interesting/a funny movie or talking to a friend(s)is an effective way to get rid of fear and sadness/sorrow.2018年上海市徐汇区高三英语一模试卷 V.Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.今晚的音乐会门票已全部售罄。(sell)

2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题分类汇编：中英翻译

73.我们若不齐心协力, 将无法战胜对手。（unless）

74.令人宽慰的是，爆炸发生时碰巧车间里没有人。(happen)

75.由于中国教育取得的巨大进步，中国已成为最受海外学生欢迎的留学目的地之一。(Due to)Keys:

72.Tickets for tonight’s concert have already been sold out.73.We won’t be able to beat the opponents unless we work together.74.To our relief, nobody happened to be in the workshop when the explosion occurred.75.Due to the significant progress made in Chinese education, China has become one of the most favored places for overseas students.2018年上海市闵行区高三英语一模试卷 V.Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.这个专家所推荐的方法被证明是十分有效的。（prove)

73.对国家来说，保护生态环境和保持经济增长同样重要。（as...as)

74.如果有朝一日，学生能亲自参与到课程开发中，那该有多棒啊！（involve)

75.这本新发行的杂志不仅会影响青少年对时尚的看法，还会开启健康饮食的新潮流。(Not only)

Keys:

72.The method recommended by the expert proved(to be)very effective.73.For/To a country, protecting theenvironment is as important as maintaining economic growth.74.How great it is if one day students can be involved in the development of courses on their own.75.Not only will the newly-released magazine influence teenager's opinions on fashion, but also it 4 2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题分类汇编：中英翻译

will start a new trend towards a healthy diet.2018年上海市奉贤区高三英语一模试卷 V.Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.这个城市近几年来发生了翻天覆地的变化。(take place)

73.毫无疑问，一旦被那可怕的疾病传染，随后肯定会死亡。(once)

74.整个球队只有互相配合，才能取得成功，这是那次以足球赛上申花队赢球的原因之一。(only)

75.对志愿者来说，重要的不是能为别人做多少，而是能从中获得宝贵的经验和帮助他人的快感。(not...but....)

Keys: 72.Great changes have taken place in the city in the past several years.73.Without doubt, once you are infected with the terrible disease, you are sure to die shortly after.74.Only by cooperating with each other can the whole team succeed and that is one of the reasons why Shanghai Shenhua football team won the math that time.75.What matters to volunteers is not how much they can do for others but that they can gain valuable experience and joy of helping other people.2018年上海市静安区高三英语一模试卷 V.Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.遵循自然规律,你最终会得到回报。(reward)

73.应加大力度打击劣质商品的生产和销售。(fight)5 2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题分类汇编：中英翻译

74.每个学生都具有无限的潜能去克服学习中的困难，不断进取。(study)

75.有些技术创新虽没怎么引起公众的注意，却对现实生活的方方面面有着深远的影响。(although)

Keys: 72.Follow the natural law and you will finally be rewarded.73.The intensity of the fight against the manufacturing and sale of inferior goods should be increased.74.Every student has unlimited potential to overcome difficulties in study and keep making progress.75.Although some technical innovations have attracted little public attention, they have more far-reaching influence on real life in every regard.