第一篇：高二英语省略句教案
省略句学案
1.简单句中的省略：
在对话中，交谈双方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。
（1）Looks like rain.（2）Hope to hear from you soon.（3）Sounds like a good idea.（4）Beg your pardon.（5）Feeling better today ?（6）This way, please.（7）—What does he want to eat ? —Some rice and vegetables.（8）Anything I can do for you ?（9）Sorry to hear that.（10）Doesn’t matter.（11）Terrible weather!（12）Pity you couldn’t come.2.并列句中的省略：
在并列句中，相同的成分如主语，谓语，宾语等都可以省略：（1）They learn French and we English.（2）My father planned and built all these houses.（3）John won the first race and Jimmy the second.（4）Coral is not a plant but a variety of animal life.3.复合句中的省略： 定语从句：
（1）That’s the reason he is late for the conference.（2）I don’t like the way he talks.状语从句：
（1）If heated, water will boil.（2）Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river.（3）We’ll go to help you if necessary.（4）Had I time, I would come.（5）I’ll go, should it be necessary.（6）The captain can find a boat quicker than we can.宾语从句：如果宾语从句中的谓语部分与主句的谓语部分或上文的谓语部分相同，可将从句部分的谓语省略。
（1）We will do what we can（do）to help you.（2）—Is Mr.King in his office? —Sorry, I don’t know（whether he is in his office or not）.4.动词不定式的省略：在动词不定式结构中，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式结构中的动词原形，只保留to。
（1）—Would you like to go with us ? —I’m glad to, but I have to finish my homework.（2）Don’t tell me the name of the sailor if you don’t want to.（3）—Have you ever been to the seaside?
—No, we can’t afford to.在used to, ought to, have to, would like/love to, wish to, be going to等结构中，常常省略to后面的动词原形。
（1）They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to.（2）He doesn’t get up early as he used to.（3）I’ll hand it in if I have to.（4）—Would you like to come tonight ?
—I’d love to.Tell , warn , order , advise , ask等动词的宾语后面接动词不定式做宾语补足语时，可以省略to后面的动词原形。
（1）He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to.（2）The boy wanted to play football in the street, but his mother told him not to.省略在语言中特别是日常交际中一种普遍现象，了解常见的省略现象有助于我们准确理解句子的语境，在应试复习中要注意不定式结构的省略方式以及一些几乎形成了惯用法的省略句。同时应当在书面表达中学会恰当地使用省略，使写出的东西更加精练，干脆利索。
1.When first _____ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A.introducing
B.introduced C.introduce
D.being introduced 分析：when引导的时间状语从句，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句中谓语部分有be时，可以省略句中的主语和be，本句中when后面省略了these products were.答案：B 2.It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _____ at the meeting by my boss.A.questioning
B.having questioned
C.questioned
D.to be questioned 分析：本句when后面省略了I was
答案：C 3.What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it.A.the way B.in the way that
C.in the way D.the way which 分析：way表示：“方式”后面的定语从句由that / in which 引导或者省略关系代词，本句的定语从句he said it省略了关系代词。
答案：A 4.—Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer? —______? A.What for B.What is it
C.How is it D.How come 分析：第二个人不知道为什么要倒空抽屉，所以问为什么。What for（为什么）它的完整表达应是What are you going to use the empty drawer for ?
答案：A 5.I’m looking forward as much to her return as she herself to _____ me.A.have seen B.seeing
C.meet D.be met 分析：本句后半部分as she herself to _____ me是as she herself is looking forward to seeing me的省略。
答案：B 6.Who can you turn to in time of danger, if not ______? A.ourselves B.ours
C.we D.us 分析： if not ______ 是if you don’t turn to us 的省略。
答案：D 7.—Did you visit the museum last week ? —No, we _____, but we spent too much time shopping.A.could have
B.could
C.must have D.must 分析：句中we _____是we could have visited the museum last week.的省略形式。答案：A 8.—Is your mother going to the supermarket ? —No, ______.A.she doesn’t
B.she’s cooking C.she gets by bus
D.to a tailor’s shop 分析：根据对话的语境，表明：我妈妈不打算去超市，而是去裁缝铺。to a tailor’s shop 是She is going to a tailor’s shop.的省略。
答案：D 9.—She may not be free today.—_____, we’ll have to put the meeting off.A.If may B.If not
C.If she may not
D.If she may not be free today 分析：答语的前半部分的完整回答应是：If she is not free today.答案：B 10.She hurriedly left the room as if _____.A.she angry B.was angry
C.it was angry D.angry 分析：when, if.Unless, while, though / although, as if/though引导的状语从句，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且从句中谓语部分有be时，可以省略句中的主语和be。
答案：D 11.—_____ did you come to know the actor ? —He’s a close friend of my sister’s.A.How B.Why
C.Where D.When 分析：根据答语He’s a close friend of my sister’s ：他是我姐姐的一个好朋友。可以知道：对方在问：你是怎么认识那位男演员的。
答案：A 12.—Can you give me a hand with this table? I want to move it.—Sure._____ are you going to put it? A.Why
B.How
C.Where D.When 分析：上文说：我想挪一下这张桌子。所以第二个人问：你想把它放在哪里？
答案：C 13.— _____did you sleep last night ? —I sat up reading too late to fall asleep.A.How long B.How soon
C.How D.When 分析：根据回答：I sat up reading too late to fall asleep.：我看书看太晚了以致于睡不着了。可以知道对方在问：你昨晚睡得怎么样？
答案：C
练习
1._____, I will help you with your work.A.If I am possible
B.If it possible
C.If possible D.Possible 2.—Do you follow me? —Yes, _____.A.it is good
B.I will
C.perfectly D.very good 3.—How are you getting on with your work ? —Oh, I’m sorry.Things aren’t going so well as _____.A.plans
B.planning
C.planned D.to plan 4.—Are you a teacher? —No, but I _____.I worked in a middle school for three years.A.am B.will
C.do
D.was 5.—How many poor counties will there be in our province by 2010? —There will be only a few, if _____.A.much
B.some
C.any D.many 6.—Why didn’t you come to Mike’s birthday party yesterday ? —Well, I_____, but I forgot it.A.should
B.must
C.should have D.must have 7.Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients don’t take medicine _____.A.like directed
B.to be directed C.as directed
D.so that directed
答案
1.C If possible：如果有可能的话。已经成为了惯用语是If it is possible的省略。2.C perfectly 是I follow you perfectly的省略。
3.C 事情不象计划的那样好。完整句是：…as it was planned.4.D but I _____是But I was a teacher 的省略。
5.C if _____的完整表达是：If there were any poor provinces….6.C I_____的完整表达是：I should have gone to Mike’s birthday party yesterday.7.C
有50%的病人没有按医嘱吃药。完整表达是：as many as 50% of patients don’t take medicine as they are directed by the doctors.
第二篇：英语省略句的六大总结
英语中的六大省略现象
概念：为了避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个句子成分，这种语法现象称为省略。
1.简单句中的省略现象
例：（1）在对话中，例如：
—How is your mother today? 你妈妈今天怎样？
—(She is)Much better.（她）好多了。（2）在祈使句中，例如：
(You)Open the door, please!请开门！（3）在感叹句中，例如：
What a(good)boy(he is)!多好的男孩啊！
How(hard)they are working!他们工作得多努力呀！（4）表示讲话人的意见和看法，上下文意思很清楚，例如：(It)sounds fine to me.(It's a)pity you couldn't come.你不能来，真遗憾。（5）提问，例如：
(Is there)anything wrong? 发生了什么事吗？
(Have you)found the treasure? 你已经找到珠宝了吗？
（6）名词所有格修饰的名词若表示店铺、住宅、教堂或上下文已暗示或明确指出过的事物。例如：
at her mother's(house)在她妈妈家里 at the doctor's(house)在医院里 at the barber's(shop)在理发店里 at the tailor's(shop)
在裁缝店里
（7）动词不定式的省略。前面出现过的动词在下文再次出现时，可以单纯使用不定式符号to。动词不定式的省略，一般只省略动词，而保留符号“to”。例如： —Will you go with me? 你愿意跟我一块去吗？ —Well, I'd like to(go with you).我非常愿意。
I'd like to.也可用I'd love to./I'd be happy to.来取代。—Have you ever been to England? —No, I can't afford to(go to England).—你去过英格兰吗？
—没有，我负担不起去那里的费用。—They asked me to go swimming.—You don't have to(go swimming)if you don't want to(go swimming).—他们叫我去游泳。
—如果你不愿意去就没有必要去。
2.并列句中的省略现象
如果后面分句中有与前面相同部分常被省略。例如：
Bob has done his homework, but Tom hasn't(done his homework).Bob已经做了家庭作业，但是汤姆却没有。
Mary can(speak English)and(Mary)ought to speak English.玛丽能讲英语，她也应该讲英语。
We tested the depth(of the water)and(the)temperature of the water.我测量了水的温度与深度。
3.惯用的省略结构
（1）无动词祈使句，无主句祝愿句，这类句子往往用感叹号。例如： If only I could remember his name!要是我能记住他的名字该多好啊！
Oh, for a friend to help us and advise us!要是能有一位朋友来帮助和指教我们该有多好啊！
（2）固定句型How /What about＋名词/代词/doing。例如： What about some more milk? 再来一点牛奶，行吗？ What about him? 他怎么样？
How about going out for a walk? 出去散步怎么样？（3）Why not＋省去to的不定式。例如：
Why get so excited? 为什么你这么激动？（相当于：Why do you get so excited?）Why not go at once? 为什么不马上去呢？（相当于Why don't you go at once?）
4.复合句中的省略现象
（1）主句中的省略
①主句中的省略多见于句首，多用于口语中。例如：
（It is /was a）pity you couldn't come.你不能来真遗憾！②在对话中答句省去整个主句，只用从句。例如：
—Shall I go to play? 我可以去玩吗？
—If you like(you can go to play).如果你愿意，你可以去玩。
—When could I start? 什么时候可以开始玩？
—(You may)Whenever you like.任何时候都可以。（2）宾语从句中的省略。
①由which, when, where, how , why引导的宾语从句，可全部或部分省去，只保留引导词。例如：
Please pass me one of these books, I don't care which(you pass me).请递给我一本书，哪本都行。
He will come back, but he doesn't know when(he will come back).他会回来的，但他也不知道什么时候能够回来。
She wants to learn English well, yet she doesn't know how(she can learn it well).她想学好英语，但她不知道怎样才能学好英语。
②用I'm afraid, I think, I believe, I guess, I suppose, I imagine, I believe, I expect等作答句，后面跟so与not分别表示肯定或否定，宾语从句可省去。例如：
—Do you think it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗？
—I think so /not.我认为会/不会。
（I think not =I don't think so,以上列举的动词都有此用法）
—Will we be late?
—I'm afraid so /not.—我们会迟到吗？
—我想会（不会）。
注意：I hope so的否定式只能用I hope not,不可用I don't hope so.（3）状语从句中的省略
①状语从句出现在句末时，一般都可以作句尾省略。例如：
John will go if Mary will(go).如果玛丽去，约翰就会去的。
I'll help you if(it is)necessary /possible.如果有必要/可能，我会帮助你的。
You can ask me questions if(there are)any(questions).如果有问题，你可以问我。
②有时条件从句完全省略，只剩下主句。例如：
I would have come yesterday.(If I had wanted to.)
我昨天本可以来。
You might do me a fever.(If you would)
请你帮我一个忙。
I would not do that(If I were in your place).我可不会做那件事。
③以as, than引导的比较状语从句可全部或部分省去。例如：
I can only do the way as(I was)told to do(it in that way).我只能按照别人的吩咐去做。
After half an hour, she became quieter(than she had been).半小时后，她变得比以前安静了。
He runs faster than I(run).他比我跑得快。比较：
I run faster than I did last year.我比去年跑得快。（4）状语从句在句首的省略
状语从句位于句首时，如果从句的主语与主句的主语指同一个人或同一件事，并且从句主语后紧挨有be动词时，这时可省略从语中的主句及be动词。例如：
When(you are)crossing the road, you'd better look at both sides.过马路时，你最好两边看。
（Because we were）Moved by the story, we decided to help her.由于被这个故事所感动，我们决定帮助她。
（When he was）At the age of 12, he was taken to England by Father.12岁时，他被父母带到了英格兰。
Unless(I am)invited I will not go.如果没有人邀请我，我不会去的。（5）定语从句中的省略
定语从句的关系代词that /which /who后面如有be动词，我们可以省略关系代词及be动词，例如：
The girl(who is)standing under the tree is Mary.站在树下的女孩是玛丽。
The bridge(which was)built in 1927 broke down.建于1927年的桥倒塌了。
The girl(who is)in front of the classroom is Mary.在教室前面的女孩是玛丽。
5.新闻标题中的省略现象
例：Boy 14，rescued from cliff face.
从峭壁上救下14岁的男孩(A boy of 14 has been rescued from cliff face.)
American President to fly to London.
美国总统将飞往伦敦(American President is to fly to London.)
6.固定短语中的介词的省略
例：have trouble(in)sleeping 难于入睡
spend one's evenings(in)reading novels把晚上的时间花费在看小说上
be busy(in)doing sth.忙于做某事
They are(of)the same age.他们年龄相同。
There is no use(in)explaining it to her any more.这件事再向她解释是无用的。
He is carrying out this experiment(in)the same way as I did yesterday.他使用我昨天采用的方法在做他的实验。
第三篇：文言文中的省略句教案
文言文中的省略句教案
一、导入：
文言文具有简洁、精炼的特点，在不影响语言表达的前提下，经常省略某词或某成分。今天来学习一下省略句中的主语省略和谓语省略，我们在翻译的时候应该如何掌握这个方法。
二、过程：
A、主语省略：
（一）、承前省略：上下句都用同一主语，上句已经出现主语，下句的主语可省略。上句的宾语，如果紧接下一句的主语，这时，后一句的主语可省略。
例：永州之野产异蛇，黑质而白章，触草木，尽死。
解析：第一句话里提到“异蛇”，下一句就将“异蛇”这一主语省略了，并且和后一句是同一主语，所以“触草木”的主语也给省略了。但是“尽死”的主语就不是“异蛇”了，它紧跟上一句的宾语“草木”，所以紧接下一句的主语就是“草木”尽死。即永州之野产异蛇，（异蛇）黑质而白章，（异蛇）触草木，（草木）尽死。
练习：将省略的部分补出。
每假借于藏书之家，手自笔录，计日以还。„„录毕，走送之，不敢稍逾约。
答案：（余）每假借于藏书之家，（余）手自笔录，（余）计日以还。„„录毕，（余）走送之，不敢稍逾约。
（二）、蒙后省略：主语在下句中也有出现，或主语所指的事物在下句中也有交待，这时上句中的主语可以省略。
例：沛公谓张良曰：“度我至军中，公乃入。”
解析：这句话的主语是同一个人，是谁度我至军中的呢？在下一句已经很明确的告诉我们是“公”。
这一主语在下句中已经出现，所以，上一句省略的也是“公”，即沛公谓张良曰：“（公）度我至军中，公乃入。”
练习：将省略的部分补出。
必死是间，余收尔骨焉。
答案：（尔）必死是间，余收尔骨焉。
（三）、对话、自述省略：对话中，对话人往往省略，这时要留心上下文，辨别是谁说的话。还有，一个人自述或向别人陈述自己的事情时，因为主语是说话人自己，也常省略。
例：刿曰：“何以战？”公曰：“衣食所安，弗敢专也，必以分人。”
解析：曹刿在问谁“何以战”？，也就是和谁在对话呢？下文是“公曰”，所以是鲁庄公，因此“何以战”之前省略了主语“公”。“弗敢专也”，说的是谁呢？这句话是鲁庄公说的，也就是自述，因此省略的就是鲁庄公自己。即刿曰：“（公）何以战？”公曰：“衣食所安，（吾）弗敢专也，必以分人。”
练习：将省略的部分补全。
佚之狐言于郑伯曰：“国危矣，若使烛之武见秦军，师必退。”公从之。辞曰：“臣之壮也，犹不如人；今老矣，无能为也已。”
答案：佚之狐言于郑伯曰：“国危矣，若使烛之武见秦军，师必退。”公从之。（烛之武）辞曰：“臣之壮也，犹不如人；今老矣，无能为也已。”
翻译省略句的方法：结合上下文，看语境。
1、承前省略：看两句话中的主语是否是同一主语，如果是的话，那就证明后一句的主语被省略了。
2、蒙后省略：如果第一句话没有出现主语而解释不通的话，看它紧接着的下一句话。如果下一句话的主语出现了，那也就是上文省略的主语。
3、对话、自述省略：和上下文结合的特别紧密，一定要注意对话人，清楚是谁说的，对谁说的，谁回答的。
B、谓语省略：谓语是句子里最重要的成分，一般不能省略，在古汉语一定语文环境中，动词谓语往往也可省略。不过在古代散文中少见，在古诗中较为普遍。
（一）、承前省略：在结构相同的句子中，前一个句子用了某个动词谓语，后面相同的动词谓语可以省略。
例：“择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。”
解析：这两个句子结构相同，第一个句子里的动词是“择”，后一句中就没有出现，很明显将动词“择”省略了，即“择其善者而从之，（择）其不善者而改之。”
练习：一鼓作气，再而衰，三而竭。
答案：一鼓作气，再(鼓)而衰，三(鼓)而竭。
（二）、动宾同省。
例：今肃可迎操耳，如将军不可也。
解析：首先把第一句话翻译一下是“现在我鲁肃可以迎顺曹操”，那么第二句话是什么意思呢？翻译出来就知道省略的是什么了：像将军你就不能够迎顺曹操了。省略的是“迎操”，动词和宾语同时省略了，即“今肃可迎操耳，如将军不可（迎操）也。”
练习：杨子之邻人亡羊，既率其党，又请杨子之坚追之。
答案：杨子之邻人亡羊，既率其党(追之)，又请杨子之坚追之。
（三）、一个句子的谓语在下文中出现，则上文的谓语也可以省略。例：夫秦王有虎狼之心，杀人如不能举，刑人如恐不胜。
解析：第一句话的意思是“秦王有虎狼一样的心肠”，第三句话的意思是“惩罚人惟恐不能用尽酷刑”，那么第二句话的意思就是“杀人惟恐不能杀尽”，省略 2
了“恐”，即“夫秦王有虎狼之心，杀人如（恐）不能举，刑人如恐不胜”。
翻译省略句的方法，在主语省略中已经说过，最主要的方法就是结合上下文，看语境。
三、总结：
今天学习了省略句中的主语和谓语的省略，注意省略的部位，在翻译的时候将它补全。
四、作业：
补全省略的部分： 曰：“独乐乐，与人乐乐，孰乐？”曰：“不若与人。” 樊哙曰：“今日之事如何？”良曰：“甚急。” 答案：（孟子）曰：“独乐乐，与人乐乐，孰乐？”（王）曰：“不若与人。”
樊哙曰：“今日之事如何？”良曰：“（今日之事）甚急。”
第四篇：高二英语复习教案
高二英语复习教案（4）
（SB2-units7-8）
一、单元考点提示
1.词汇
settle, struggle, freeze, exploit, refer, block, average, be famous for, a great deal of, make use of, clear up, from time to time, tell the difference between, tell…from…,generally speaking, sound/look strange, the second largest, struggle against, all the year around, refer to, live on, settle down, breath, injure, lay, wound, safety, wherever, quantity, ought to, take it easy, first aid, muth-to-mouth, deal with, running water, out of one’s reach, hold up, throw up, stay still, give first aid, lie on one’s back, out of reach, get sb.to do sth., by mistake, pay attention to, leave her where she is.2.句型
(1)You mean it looks strange!(2)I’ll tell you something that does sound strange.(3)The population of Canada is…
(4)As in China,the weather is different from area to area.(5)I think she must be injured.(6)Leave her where she is.(7)Repeat this as often as necessary.(8)Don’t reach sideways while standing on a ladder.(9)If anyone in the country knew first aid, many lives would be saved.3.语法
(1)学习主谓一致的用法
(2)复习情态动词must和should的用法，学习ought to的用法 4.交际英语
(1)A lof of people can’t tell the difference between…(2)Are there many differences?(3)What do you mean by…
(4)I’m sorry, I don’t quite follow you.(5)Do you use American or British spelling?(6)American spellings are used more and more in Canada now.(7)We must carry her to the side of the road.(8)You should/ shouldn’t(9)I ought to go home.(10)Don’t try to get up.
二、考点精析与拓展
1.drop用法归纳
drop可用作名词“滴”；用作不及物动词“掉下，滴下”；用作及物动词“使掉（滴）下”。如：
a drop of blood一滴血；drop by rop/in drops一滴一滴地；drop from the tree从树上掉下来；drop to the ground 落在地上；drop the letter into the mailbox把信投进信箱；drop a handkerchief/stone掉下手帕/石头
习语：drop in 顺便拜访；drop in on sb.顺便走访某人；drop in at his school顺便拜访他的学校。[应用]完成句子
①我看见一个苹果从树上掉下来。I saw an apple______ _______ the tree.②他们这样做是搬起石头咂自己的脚。
In doing so they are lifting a rock to _______ ________on their feet.③你路过的话，千万要来。
Do _______ _______ if you happen to be passing.Key: ①drop,from
②drop, it
③drop, in
2.average短语归纳
average 可用作名词，表示“平均数，一般水平”，也可作形容词，表示“平均的”。如： the average of the pay平均工资；above/below the average平均以上/以下； the average age of the girls姑娘的平均年龄； the average temperature平均气温； on(an,the)average平均起来 [应用]完成句子
①这个厂的工人平均每月收入700元。
_________ _________，one worker in this factory gets 700 yuan every month.②他的功课一般以上。
He is_________ _________ in his lessons.Key: ①On, average
②above, average 3.reach sth./reach for sth.(1)reach sth.表示“够得着某物”，reach是及物动词。如：reach the top of the shelf够得着架子顶部；reach the apple on the tree够得着树上的苹果。
(2)reach for sth.表示“伸手（脚）去够某物”，其中的reach是不及物动词。亦可替换成reach out for sth.或reach out one’s hand(foot)for sth.，意义相同。
(3)reach还可用作不及物动词表示“延伸”。如：The woods reach as far as the river.树林子延伸到河边。(4)短语：reach an agreement达成协议；
beyond/out of one’s reach够不着，力所不及； out of the reach of sb.某人够不着； within one’s reach够得着，力所能及。[应用]完成句子
①他伸手去够树枝，但是够不着。
He ______ ______ the stick but could not_______it.②你最好把吃的东西放在小孩够得着的地方。
You’d better have the food _______the boy’s ________.Key:①reached, for, reach ②within, reach 4.表示态度、语气的短语归纳
generally speaking一般说来；strictly speaking严格说来；honestly speaking诚实地说来；personally speaking就我个人而言；exactly speaking准确地说来。to tell you the truth说实话；to be honest老实说；believe it or not信不信由你；judging from his appearance从他的相貌来说
[应用]完成句子
①严格说来，加拿大英语和美国英语并不完全一样。_______ ________,Canadian English is not just the same as American English.②老实说我不赞同你的想法。
_______ _______ ________,I can’t agree to your idea.③一般地说，青年人喜欢流行音乐。
___________,young people enjoy pop music.Key:①Strictly,speaking ②To,be,honest ③Generally, speaking 5.如何表示“不同，区别”
1)tell the difference between A and B.说出A和B的区别；辨别A和B 2)tell A from B.区别、辨别A和B 3)What’s the difference between A and B?A和B什么不同？
4)There be some differences between A and B.A和B 之间有不同之处。5)A be different from B.A和B不同
6)make sb./sth.different from使某人/物不同于„„ 7)do sth.differently from…做起某事与„„不同 8)make no difference无关紧要
[应用]完成句子
①我几乎讲不出这两个单词之间的区别。
I can hardly_____the difference________ these two words.②绵羊和山羊有什么不同？
________ ________ ________between a sheep and a goat? ③哪一边赢对我都不重要。
It _______ ________ ________ to me which side may win.④你确实很富，但这并不能使你不同于别人。
You are rich indeed, but that doesn’t _________ __________ __________ ________ __________.⑤事实和他所说的大不一样。
The fact _______quite________ _________ what he said.⑥你能分辩出她和她的姐姐吗？
Can you _________ her________her sister? Key:①tell, between ②What’s,the,difference ③makes,no, difference ④make, you,different,from,others ⑤is,different,from ⑥tell,from 6.ordinary, common 二者都有“普通的，平常的”的意思，但侧重点不同。ordinary侧重表示“外表平凡，平平常常”；而common指“普遍存在，经常碰到”。对比：
in ordinary dress穿着平常的衣服； in an ordinary way以通常的方式；
an ordinary – looking man相貌平常的人； an ordinary event平常的一件事； common excuse常用的借口；
common knowledge常识；common people普通人，老百姓； have a bathroom in common合用洗澡间。[应用]完成句子
①那是一首普通的舞曲。
It was a piece of______dance music.②这种天气在南方是很常见的。
This sort of weather is quite _________in the south.③这弟兄两个没有什么共同之处。
These two brothers have nothing ________ _________.Key:①ordinary ②common ③in common 7.freeze,freezing,frozen freeze是动词“结冰，凝固”；freezing可用作名词“冰点”，用作形容词“冰冷的”，用作副词“极冷地”；frozen既是freeze的过去分词形式，也可用作形容词，表示“冷冻的”。对比：
Water freezes below freezing.冰点以下时水结冰。It was freezing cold that morning.那天早晨非常地冷。The roads are frozen in places.路上多处结冰。[应用]英译汉
①above/over freezing ②freezing weather ③be frozen to death ④give sb.a freezing cold ⑤freezing machine ⑥frozen meat ⑦I’m frozen,so I can’t write
⑧I’m freezing,so I’ve to put on a heavy coat.Key: ①零度以上
②很冷的天气
③被冻死
④冷冷地看某人一眼 ⑤制冷机
⑥冻肉
⑦我冻坏了，不能写东西了。⑧我觉得冷极了，我得穿件厚大衣。8.refer to, refer…to
1）refer 可用作及物动词，用于refer… to,表示“将„„提交给”。如： refer this problem to the school把这个问题提交学校；
refer the matter to the United Nations.将这件事情提交联合国
2)refer表示“谈到，涉及；查阅，参考，指”时是不及物动词，需用refer to结构。如： The book which you referred to is not in the library.你所指的那本书不在图书馆。
His report refers to the situation in the Middle East.他的报告谈到中东的形势。
短语：refer to the map/one’s notes/the dictionary 查阅地图/参考笔记/查字典
注意：look up word in the dictionary 查字典
对比：refer to 指语言、内容与某人（物）有关；而point to表示用手指向某人（物）。如： I didn’t know whom she was referring to.我不知道她指的是谁。
She pointed to the map and explained to the students.她指着地图给学生做出解释。[应用]完成句子
①我在加拿大时，一位朋友经常提起白求恩大夫。
A friend of mine often ______ _______ Dr.Bethune when I was in Canada.②两国把这件事提交给了联合国。
The two countries._______the matter _______the United Nations.Key:①referred,to ②referred,to 9.clear
(1)用作形容词，表示“清楚的，明白的”。如：
in a clear voice以清楚的声音；
be clear about sth.对„„清楚，明白； be clear to sb.对某人来说很清楚；
make one’s meaning clear 说明自己的意思；
注意两个句型：A：make it clear that…声明，说明；B.It’s(was)clear that…很明显（清楚）„„。（2）用作动词，表示“清除，清理，使干净”。如： clear one’s room/a table/a street/the desk 整理房间/收拾桌子/清扫大街/整理书桌；
clear away the dishes/waste把餐碟收走/把垃圾清除（3）clear up 的三个意义： A.表示“清理，收拾，解决”。如：
The dustmen were busy clearing up the snow on the road.清洁工正在清除路上的积雪。
This book has cleared up many problems for me.这本书给我解决了许多难题。B．表示“（天气）转晴”。如：
It’s snowing now, but I think it will clear up soon.现在正在下雨，但是我想天气很快会晴的。C．表示“露出喜悦的心情”。如： Her face cleared up as she read the letter.她看信的时候面露喜色。［应用］完成句子
①她对下一步干什么十分清楚。
She is _________ _________what to do next.②很清楚敌人是不会放弃他们的计划的。
________ _______ _______that the enemy wouldn’t give up their plan.③他明确表示他要离职。
He _________ _________ ________that he would leave office.④在离开办公室以前，请把你的桌子整理一下。
_________ ________your desk before you leave the office.Key:①clear,about
②It, is, clear ③make , it clear
④Clear,up 10.on+身体部位
lay the person on one’s back让这个人仰卧着；
lie on one’s back/stomach/side仰卧/趴着/侧着身躺着； sleep on one’s side 侧身睡； stand on one foot 一条脚站着； stand on one’s head倒立 [应用]完成句子
①她趴在床上，哭个不停。
She ______ _______ ______ ______in the bed,crying all the while ②你想倒立几个小时是很不容易的。
It’s difficult for you to _____ ______ ______ ______ for several hours.Key:①lay, on, her, stomach ②stand,on, your,head 11.deal with,do with
1)二者都可表示“对付，应付，处理，安排”，但deal是不及物动词，可与how连用；而do是及物动词，只与what连用表示上述意义，不能单独使用。对比：We don’t know what to do with the waste materials./We don’t know how to deal with the waste materials.我们不知道怎样处理这此废料。
What’s the best way of dealing with thieves? 对付小偷最好的办法是什么？
（此句中的deal with不可替换成do with）
2)deal with还可表示“论述，涉及到；与„„相处”等意义，而do with 无此用法。如： The books dealing with Asian problems sell well in colleges.论述亚洲问题的书在大学里很畅销。
That man is easy to deal with.这个人容易相处。[应用]完成句子
①你是怎么处理这类事情的？
_________did you deal with matters of this sort? What did you ________ _________matters of this sort? ②我们要处理的棘手事太多了。
There are too many difficulties for us to _________ ______.Key:①How/ do,with ②deal, with 12.still
1)用作形容词，意为“静止的，不动的，平静的”。
如：keep(stay)still保持不动；lie(stand)still躺着（站着）不 动；a still lake/evening平静的湖/寂静的夜晚。
2)用作副词，表示“还，仍旧”，可以修饰形容词、副词比较组。如： be still busy仍然很忙;win still greater success取得更大成功。3)辨析still,quiet,silent;still侧重“一动不动”，quiet指“安静”，无动作，无声音，无骚乱，其反义词是noisy（吵闹的、喧哗的）；silent指不出声，不说话。对比：sit still坐着不动；Be quiet,and the class will begin.请安静，马上就要开始上课了。
Hearing the answer,be was silent for a minute or more.听了回答之后，他沉默了一两分钟。[应用]完成句子
①他个子高，他哥哥更高。
He is tall,but his brother is _________ _________.②我已经考虑了几个小时，但仍然不能决定。
I have been thinking for hours, but I ______can’t decide.Key:①still, talker ②still
13.hurt,wound 二者都有“受伤”之意，但含义有所不同。
Wound指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等，尤指战争、战斗中受伤。而hurt既指肉体上的也指精神上的伤害，含强烈疼痛意味。如：
be badly wounded in the battle 战斗中受重伤； wound sb.to death 使某人受伤致死；
hurt one’s back摔伤了后背；hurt one’s feeling伤害某人的感情；be hurt by his words被他的话所伤害。注意：A.wound可用作名词：
have a wound in the chest胸部受伤；
receive a serious wound受重伤；the wounded伤员。B.hurt还可用作不及物动词，表示“疼痛难受”对比： The girl fell off her bike.She hurt one of her legs hurts.姑娘从自行车上掉下来，有一条腿疼得厉害。[应用]完成句子
①这位战士头部受了伤.The soldier ______ ______ _____in his head./The soldier ______ _______in the head./The soldier head ______ ______.②他们说我的那些话使我很伤心。
I was rather__________by what they said about me.③我右腿疼。
My right foot ________.④他的伤似乎是很重。
It seemed that he _________badly_________.Key:①received,a, would/was, wounded/was wounded ②hurt ③hurts ④was, hurt/wounded 14.happen句型归纳
(1)happen to do sth.(主语常为“人”)，意为“碰巧。恰好”。to 后可用不定式的一般式to do,完成式to have done进行式to be doing如：
You happened to be out when I came to your house.我到你家时，你正好出去了。
She happened to have just finished reading the book.碰巧她刚刚读完那本书。
The two salesmen happened to be quarrelling when the manager entered.经理进去时两个售货员碰巧在吵架。(2)It(so)happen that…“（如此）碰巧，恰好”。如： It happens that he is a teacher of English.恰好他是位英语老师。
It so happened that he was going that way too.如此碰巧的是他也往那边走。
注意：句型1）和2）可互换，如：
I happened to have no money with me./It happened that I had no money with me.我碰巧身上没带钱。
(3)happen to sb./sth.“某人/物出事，发生了„„情况”。如：What has happened to your hand?你的手怎么了？ Be careful not to let anything happen to that child.小心别让那个孩子出任何事。[应用]选择正确答案
①—We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.(MET’91)—What do you suppose __________to her? A.was happening
B.to happen C.has happened
D.having happened ②They happened to _______for Tianjin when we got there.(MET’)A.leave
B.have left
C.leaving
D.had left ③If anything __________you,let me know.A.is happened to
B.is happening C.happens on
D.happens to Key:①C ②B ③D 16.mistake短语归纳
1)用作名词：by mistake由于差错；make mistakes 出错；make no mistake没出错；correct one’s mistake改正错误；recognize one’s mistake承认错误；make mistake about sb./sth.误会（解）某人/事
2)用作动词：mistake one’s meaning误解某人的意思；mistake sb./sth.for错当成，误以为是„„；be mistaken 弄错，错误的。
三、精典名题导解
题1（上海
2001）
Time will _________ whether I made the right choice or not.A.seee
B.say
C.know
D.tell 分析：D。tell意为“辨别”。题2（NMET 1998）
They ___________the train until it disappeared in the distance A.saw
B.watched
C.noticed
D.observed 分析：B。题干中until it disappeared in the distance 表明“他们在注视着火车，直到它在视野中消失。”see(be able to use your eyes to look at things and know what they are);watch(look at and pay attention to something that is happening;);notice(see,hear,or feel something);observe(see and notice sth.)从上面内容可知答案为B。题3（上海
1994）
Either you or the headmaster__________the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.A.is handing out
B.are to hand out C.are handing out
D.is to hand out 分析：D。句中表按预定的计划做某事，而hand out 不是表示“出发、动身”等意的瞬间动词，因此不能用现在进行时表示将来时，不能选A或C。另外either…or + 主语 + v.结构中的动词单复数形式应与靠近的主语一致。题4（上海
2002）
It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I __________in love,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.A.wouldn’t have fallen
B.had not fallen C.should fall
D.were to fall 分析：B。虚拟语气。题5（MET 1992）
We _________last night,but we went to the concert instead.A.must have studied
B.might sutdy C.should have studied
D.would study 分析：C。从but一词表示转折来看，前句应与后句相反，所以前句应为“过去本应做的事，而未做。” 题6（NMET 1995）
It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___________be here at any moment.A.must
B.meed
C.should
D.can 分析：C。题干中有be expected to，或具有一种对现在的推测意味，可用should.题7（NMET 1994）
I told Sally how to get there,but perhaps I________for her.A.had to write it out
B.must have written it out C.should have written it out
D.ought to write it out 分析：C。此题表示“过去本应该做而未做”。题8（NMET 1998）
—When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They ________be ready by 12:00.A.can
B.should
C.might
D.need 分析：B。此题表示对未来情况的推测意味。
第五篇：高二英语公开课教案
高二英语公开课教案
By Quan Liling TEACHING MATERIAL: Lesson 30, Unit 8, SEFC2A CLASS: Class 248, Senior II TIME: Friday, November 15, 2003 TITLE: First aid
Ⅰ.Teaching aims: 1.Four skills: cut(n.);electric;container;pool;by mistake pay attention to;in a short while;running water;within;deal with;wound;safety;wire;out of one’s reach Grammar:Revise the mode verbs:must,should and ought to Ⅱ.Teaching focus and difficulties: 1.Talking about first aid;2.Retelling.Ⅲ.Teaching method: Prctising and explaination Ⅳ.Teaching tools: A set of multi-media equipment.Ⅴ.Teaching Procedures: Step 1: Revision Revise the dialogue in L.29 by asking a pair of students to act out a dialogue.Step 2: Presentation 1.Discuss some pictures of first aid;2.talk about first aid.Step 3: Reading 1.Ask the students to read the first sentences of each paragraph and try to tell me the main idea of each paragraph: 1)Description of first aid;2)Three important things to do;3)Common injuries and first aid in the home;4)You need more information.2.give the students some minutes to read the text and then do some exercise;3.Put up some information on the Bb,then talk about them: 1)Three important things to do: A.Check that thhe personca breathe;B.Try to start his breathe;C.Try to stop the bleeding.2)Three common injuries at home: A.animal bites:wash the wound under the cold running water.see a doctor at once.B.Burns:Cool the area of the skin at once.Put a piece of dry and clean cloth over the area of the burn.see the doctor.C.Cuts:Wash the area of the cut,dry it and cover with dry clean cloth.4.Deal with the language points in this part: 1)…you don’t have to be an doctor;
2)Check that the person can breathe.Open the pouth and make sure that no food at the back of the mouth;3)Lay the person on the ground;4)Here is some advice for dealing with common injuries;5)cool the are of skin at once.Step 5:Practice Retell the text one by one.Homework:Finish off the exercises on the Wb.
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