第一篇：英语专八阅读练习及参考答案
Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice
In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violencehas so come to be taken for granted as a means of solvingdifferences, that it is not even questioned.There are countrieswhere the white man imposes his rule by brute force;there arecountries where the black man protests by setting fire to citiesand by looting and pillaging.Important people on both sides,who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor ofviolence – as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other.What is really frightening, what really fillsyou with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actualprogress at all.We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our instincts remain basicallyunchanged.The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation ofviolence, has taught us absolutely nothing.We have still not learnt that violence never solves aproblem but makes it more acute.The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean nothing.No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruinsand wonder what hit us.The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and herder to geta hearing.They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own kind because theyadvocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement.If half the energy that goes intoviolent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums andghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we wouldhave gone a long way to arriving at a solution.Our strength is sapped by having to mop up themess that violence leaves in its wake.In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill theideals of a stable social programme.The benefits that can be derived from constructive solutionsare everywhere apparent in the world around us.Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible,providing we work within the framework of the law.Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we mustappreciate each other’s problems.And to do this, we must learn about them: it is a simple exercisein communication, in exchanging information.‘Talk, talk, talk,’ the advocates of violence say, ‘allyou ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser.’ It’s rather like the story of the famous barristerwho painstakingly explained his case to the judge.After listening to a lengthy argument the judgecomplained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser.‘Possible, my lord,’ the barrister replied, ‘none the wiser, but surely far better informed.’ Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite towisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pretends to solve.1.What is the best title for this passage?
[A] Advocating Violence.[B] Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.[C] Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.[D] The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.2.Recorded history has taught us
[A] violence never solves anything.[B] nothing.[C] the bloodshed means nothing.[D] everything.3.It can be inferred that truly reasonable men
[A] can’t get a hearing.[B] are looked down upon.[C] are persecuted.[D] Have difficulty in advocating law enforcement.4.“He was none the wiser” means
[A] he was not at all wise in listening.[B] He was not at all wiser than nothing before.[C] He gains nothing after listening.[D] He makes no sense of the argument.5.According the author the best way to solve race prejudice is
[A] law enforcement.[B] knowledge.[C] nonviolence.[D] Mopping up the violent mess.答案详解：
1.B 暴力难以消除种族偏见。文章一开始就提出有些国家种族偏见严重，而暴力却是公认的一种解决方法。白人采用暴力镇压，黑人以防火、掠抢为反抗。而双方的大人物平静地论及暴力，似乎这是一种合法的解决方案。作者就此指出人类的进步只在于表面――衣饰等，人类的本能没有改变。整个有记录历史的文件没有教会人类任何东西。这是真正令人可怕的事件。
第二段论及真正有理智的懂得解决方案所在的人鼓吹法制，人们不停。他们反而收到轻视、迫害。作者就此提出假设，答出真正的解决方案嗜法制，以法治理。
第三段进一步说明“交流、对话”是了解双方问题的前提，即使暴力者不同意，但知道暴力制造它假装要解决的罪恶，是智慧聪明的必要前提。
A.鼓吹暴力。C.双方重要人物都把暴力作为合法的解决方案。D.人类的本性是嗜暴性。
2.B没有什么。第一段中就明确提出整个人类有记录历史又长又臭的暴力文件记录，一点都没有教给我们任何东西。
A.暴力解决不了任何事情。C.杀戮（流血）没有任何意义。D.一切。
3.D在鼓吹法制方面有困难。答案在第二段，真正有理智的人鼓吹法制，遭到同类们的轻视、不信任和迫害。他们发现要人倾听他们的意见越来越困难。
A.人们不听。B.遭人轻视。C.遭人迫害。这三项都包含在D项内。
4.C听后无所得。None the wiser一点也不比以前聪明（这是按字面翻译）。实际就是C项。
A.在倾听别人上他一点也不聪明。B.他和以前一个样。D.他听不懂论点。
5.A法制。第二段最后一句，如果我们在法律的构架中进行工作，真正的持久的解决总是能实现的。第二段第二句，他们遭到迫害是因为他们鼓吹法制这种显然令人不能容忍的事。
B.知识。C.非暴力。D.处理暴力带来的混乱。
第二篇：英语专八翻译练习
<英译汉>
英文原文：
The secret of being a saint
Once upon a time there lived in a country a do-gooder.The king was very appreciative of his deeds and decided to honour him as a saint by a decree.On the saint's eightieth birthday, the king was invited to his birthday celerbration.He brought with him a painter so as to do a picture of the kindly saint as a paragon for his countrymen.When the feast is over all the guests were asked to have a look at the picture.To their great surprise, when the picture was shown, what they saw was not a kind but a ruthless and cruel look.The king was very angry at seeing this and ordered his men to beat the painter.Upon hearing the noise, the saint rushed to the scene to have a look at the picture.After viewing it, the saint knelt down and said, “your majesty, the person in the picture is none other than me.” Why?“ said the king, dumbfounded.”This has been the very person whom I have never wanted to be."
In this world, there are no naturally born saints;only those who can do self-criticism and sel-examination, can become saints.参考译文：
成为圣者的秘诀
从前，在一个国家里，有一位做了无数善事的善心者。国王非常欣赏他的善举，便封他为圣者。
有一天，圣者过八十大寿，国王前来庆贺，特别带来一位画家，想通过画家的笔，将这位圣者慈祥的容貌画下来，作为世人的典范。
用完晚餐之后，众多的嘉宾前来观赏这幅慈爱的画。肖像画家将这幅画像拿出来的时候，所有人大吃一惊。因为画里的人根本没有慈善的面貌，反而充满暴戾，粗野，邪恶的气息。国王一看，生气地要人把画家拖出去鞭打。
这时，圣者听到惊呼声，跑了过来，他看到这幅画后，跪倒在地：“国王，这画里的人，才是真实的我啊。”国王惊诧地问：“为什么?”圣者道：“这就是我一生挣扎着，不想去做的那个人啊。”
在这世上，没有天生的圣者，惟有能时时刻刻自我反省，自我检视的人，才能成为圣者。
第三篇：英语专八翻译练习
<汉译英>
中文原文：
两只老虎
有两只老虎，一只在笼子里，一只在野地里。在笼子里的老虎三餐无忧，在外面的老虎自由自在。
笼子里的老虎总是羡慕外面老虎的自由，外面的老虎却羡慕笼子里的老虎安逸。一日，一只老虎对另一只老虎说：“咱们换一换。”另一只老虎同意了。
于是笼子里的老虎走进了大自然，野地里的老虎走进了笼子。但不久，两只老虎都死了。一只是饥饿而死，一只是忧郁而死。
许多时候，人们往往对自己的幸福熟视无睹，而觉得别人的幸福很耀眼，却想不到别人的幸福也许对自己不合适。
参考译文：
Two Tigers
There were two tigers;one lived in a cage and the other in the wild.The caged one didn't have to worry about his meal while the one outside was unrestrained.The caged tiger was always envious of the freedom of the one in the wild, while the other one envied the caged one for his ease.One day, one tiger said to the other: “let's change places”.The other one agreeded.There upon the caged one went back to nature while the other came into the cage.But before long both died, one of starvation, and the other, melancholy.Sometimes one is not conscious of his own happiness and always thinks the grass is always greener on the other side of the fence, but not think over that one man's meat is another man's poison.
第四篇：英语专八翻译练习(7)
<汉译英>
中文原文：
当生活中的不确定感向你袭来
我的一个好朋友最近接受了白血病测试。她对我说，最令人痛苦的折磨就是苦苦等待测试结果的那一周时间。我朋友说，她可能会学着直面坏结果。但真正让人煎熬焦虑的是那种茫然的感觉。
孟克(Edvard Munch)的名画《呐喊》哈佛大学心理学家吉尔伯特(Daniel Gilbert)不久前在《纽约时报》(New York Times)的专栏中写道，不知道要发生什么坏事比知道什么坏事要发生的感觉更糟。我们大多数人之所以会夜不能寐、抽烟发泄，并不是因为道琼斯指数要再跌1000 点，而是因为我们不知道道指会不会下跌──不确定的感觉比不确定的事情本身更折磨人。
参考译文：
Coping With the Certainty of Uncertainty
A close friend of mine recently underwent tests for leukemia.The most agonizing part of the ordeal, she said, was the week-long wait for the test results.A bad outcome she could learn to cope with, my friend said.It was the not knowing, the uncertainty, that was so difficult.People feel worse when something bad might occur than when something bad will occur,' wrote Harvard psychologist Daniel Gilbert in a recent New York Times op-ed.'Most of us aren't losing sleep and sucking down Marlboros because the Dow is going to fall another thousand points, but because we don't know whether it will fall or not ─ and human beings find uncertainty more painful than the things they're uncertain about.
第五篇：英语专八翻译练习(8)
<汉译英>
中国的文学
中文原文：
与舞蹈和音乐相伴的歌谣跟口头流传的神话，远在文字出现之前就已大量产生。中国的文学正是发端于此。不过歌谣本是人们在生活中随兴而发的东西，上古时代也没有保存和记载它们的手段，因之也就很快湮灭，不留痕迹。我们只能从一些古籍书中推断它们的存在。古书中记载了一些据称年代非常久远的歌谣，但是大多出于后人的伪托，能够断定朝代的歌谣要到《诗经》里才能看见。从这点来看，古代神话对中国文学的影响更为显著。参考译文：
Long before the emergence of the written word, ballads, accompanied by music and dance,and myths, passed around by word of mouth, were widely popular.Chinese literature finds its origins in these traditions.However, ballads were what people improvised out of daily life, and due to lack of means to record and preserve them in ancient times, they quickly disappeared without leaving much of a trace.Today, we can only deduce their existence from ancient books, which recorded some time-honored ballads, though most of these are belived to be derivatives of later generations.Ballads in the Book of Songs are the earliest writings that can be dated.From this point of view, ancient mythology obviously has had a great influence on Chinese literature.
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