第一篇:《泷冈阡表》的阅读答案及翻译
(一)文言文阅读(本题共4小题,19分)
阅读下面的文言文,完成10~13题。
泷冈阡表欧阳修呜呼!惟我皇考崇公,卜吉于泷冈之六十年,其子修始克表于其阡。非敢缓也,盖有待也。
修不幸,生四岁而孤。太夫人守节自誓;居穷,自力于衣食,以长以教俾至于成人。太夫人告之曰:汝父为吏廉,而好施与,喜宾客;其俸禄虽薄,常不使有余。曰:“毋以是为我累。”故其亡也,无一瓦之覆,一垄之植,以庇而为生;吾何恃而能自守邪?吾于汝父,知其一二,以有待于汝也。自吾为汝家妇,不及事吾姑;然知汝父之能养也。汝孤而幼,吾不能知汝之必有立;然知汝父之必将有后也。吾之始归也,汝父免于母丧方逾年,岁时祭祀,则必涕泣,曰:“祭而丰,不如养之薄也。”间御酒食,则又涕泣,曰:“昔常不足,而今有余,其何及也!”吾始一二见之,以为新免于丧适然耳。既而其后常然,至其终身,未尝不然。吾虽不及事姑,而以此知汝父之能养也。汝父为吏,常夜烛治官书,屡废而叹。吾问之,则曰:“此死狱也,我求其生不得尔。”吾曰:“生可求乎?”曰:“求其生而不得,则死者与我皆无恨也;矧求而有得邪,以其有得,则知不求而死者有恨也。夫常求其生,犹失之死,而世常求其死也。”回顾乳者剑汝而立于旁,因指而叹,曰:“术者谓我岁行在戌将死,使其言然,吾不及见儿之立也,后当以我语告之。”其平居教他子弟,常用此语,吾耳熟焉,故能详也。其施于外事吾不能知其居于家无所矜饰而所为如此是真发于中者邪呜呼其心厚于仁者邪此吾知汝父之必将有后也。汝其勉之!夫养不必丰,要于孝;利虽不得博于物,要其心之厚于仁。吾不能教汝,此汝父之志也。”修泣而志之,不敢忘。
先公少孤力学,咸平三年进士及第,为道州判官,泗绵二州推官;又为泰州判官。享年五十有九,葬沙溪之泷冈。太夫人姓郑氏,考讳德仪,世为江南名族。太夫人恭俭仁爱而有礼;初封福昌县太君,进封乐安、安康、彭城三郡太君。自其家少微时,治其家以俭约,其后常不使过之,曰:“吾儿不能苟合于世,俭薄所以居患难也。”其后修贬夷陵,太夫人言笑自若,曰:“汝家故贫贱也,吾处之有素矣。汝能安之,吾亦安矣。”
自先公之亡二十年,修始得禄而养。又十有二年,烈官于朝,始得赠封其亲。又十年,修为龙图阁直学士,尚书吏部郎中,留守南京,太夫人以疾终于官舍,享年七十有二。
于是小子修乃列其世谱,具刻于碑,既又载我皇考崇公之遗训,太夫人之所以教,而有待于修者,并揭于阡。俾知夫小子修之德薄能鲜,遭时窃位,而幸全大节,不辱其先者,其来有自。
熙宁三年,岁次庚戌,四月辛酉朔,十有五日乙亥,男推诚、保德、崇仁、翊戴功臣,观文殿学士,特进,行兵部尚书,知青州军州事,兼管内劝农使,充京东路安抚使,上柱国,乐安郡开国公,食邑四千三百户,食实封一千二百户,修表。
(选自《欧阳文忠公文集·卷二十五》,有删节)
【注】①阡,墓道,泛指坟墓。②卜吉,安葬。丧俗中,葬地、葬日皆卜筮决定,若吉,方能行事。③矧,况且。
10.下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是(3分)
A.其施于外/事吾不能知/其居于家/无所矜饰/而所为/如此是真发于中者邪/呜呼其心/厚于仁者邪/
B.其施于外/事吾不能知/其居于家/无所矜/饰而所为/如此是真发于中者邪/呜呼/其心厚于仁者邪/
C.其施于外事/吾不能知/其居于家/无所矜/饰而所为如此/是真发于中者邪/呜呼其心/厚于仁者邪/
D.其施于外事/吾不能知/其居于家/无所矜饰/而所为如此/是真发于中者邪/呜呼/其心厚于仁者邪/
11.下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说,不正确的一项是(3分)
A.皇考,是对其亡父的尊称,《离骚》中“朕皇考日伯庸”的“皇考”即此意。古人常用“考妣”称去世的父母。
B.戌,地支之一。地支与天干搭配,可用来纪年、月、日、时。文中“岁行在戌”中的“戌”是用作纪时。
C.进士及第,中国古代科举制度中通过殿试者称为进士,录取分为三甲,一甲三名,赐“进士及第”称号。
D.食邑,中国古代诸侯封赐所属卿、大夫作为世禄的田邑,因卿、大夫世代以采邑为食禄,故称为食邑。
12.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是(3分)
A.欧阳修的父亲为吏清廉,乐善好施不留余财,同时居官仁厚,竭力为死囚谋生路。
B.欧阳修的母亲多经患难,能安贫贱,面对夫君先逝、儿子贬谪,她都能安然对待。
C.作者列出所得封赠名号和官名,表明自己并未辜负父母的期望,呼应开篇“有待”。
D.全文构思巧妙,一碑双表,叙写父母往事,甸甸人情,表达了孝敬父母的主题。
13.把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)
(1)故其亡也,无一瓦之覆、一垄之植以庇而为生,吾何恃而能自守邪?
(2)俾知夫小子修之德薄能鲜,遭时窃位,而幸全大节,不辱其先者,其来有自。
试题答案:
(一)(1 9分)
10.(3分)D
11.(3分)B(此处“戌”是用作纪年)
12.(3分)D(“表达了孝敬父母的主题”错误)
13.(10分)(1)(5分)所以他去世后,没有留下一间屋、一垄地来庇护我们,作为生活的依托,我依靠什么而能够坚守节操呢?(“一瓦之覆、一垄之植”、“庇”、“何恃”各1分,大意2分)
(2)(5分)使(人们)知道我欧阳修德行浅薄能力微小,只是遇到时机才得到高位,却有幸保全大节,没有辱及先祖,这是有来由的。(“俾”、“德薄能鲜”“全”各1分,大意2分)
第二篇:泷冈阡表教案
《泷冈阡表》教案
【教学目标】
1.基础知识目标:正确理解文中的难词、难句,了解文意。了解“阡表”文体特点和本文别具一格的写法。
2.思想教育目标:体会作者对父母的亲情——真实情感的展示。
3.能力培养目标:指导学生体味其用词的精练准确和生动形象。学习本文用一个词语统领全篇和用白描手法表现人物的写作方法。[教学重点] 掌握重点实词、虚词以及重点句,并体悟作者叙事陈情怎样逐层深入,达到抒情的目的。
[教学难点] 祭文的情感。
第一课间
一、文本链接 1.走近作者
欧阳修(1007-1073),字永叔,号醉翁,又号六一居士。汉族,吉安永丰(今属江西)人,自称庐陵(今永丰县沙溪人)。谥号文忠,世称欧阳文忠公。欧阳修出生于四川绵州(今四川绵阳),北宋时期政治家、文学家、史学家和诗人。与唐韩愈、柳宗元、宋王安石、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、曾巩合称“唐宋八大家”。千古文章四大家:韩,柳,欧,苏。(唐代韩愈、柳宗元和北宋欧阳修、苏轼)仁宗时,累擢知制诰、翰林学士;英宗,官至枢密副使、参知政事;神宗朝,迁兵部尚书,以太子少师致仕。卒谥文忠。其于政治和文学方面都主张革新,既是范仲淹庆历新政的支持者,也是北宋诗文革新运动的领导者。又喜奖掖后进,苏轼、苏辙二兄弟、苏洵及曾巩、王安石皆出其门下。创作实绩亦灿烂可观,诗、词、散文均为一时之冠。散文说理畅达,抒情委婉;诗风与散文近似,重气势而能流畅自然;其词深婉清丽,承袭南唐余风。欧阳修死后葬于开封新郑(今河南新郑),新郑市辛店镇欧阳寺村现有欧阳修陵园,是国家级文物保护单位。另今绵阳南郊亦有其祠堂,名曰六一堂。在滁州时,自号醉翁。晚年自号六一居士,曰:吾集古录一千卷,藏书一万卷,有琴一张,有棋一局,而常置酒一壶,吾老於其间,是为六一。欧公一代儒宗,风流自命。词章窈眇,世所矜式。乃小人或作艳曲,谬为公词。
2.背景资料 :
《泷冈阡表》是欧阳修四十七岁送母亲灵柩归葬家乡泷冈时所作,原名为《先君墓表》,一直到六十四岁才又改为流传至今的《泷冈阡表》,用以悼念父母。是他精心创制的一篇力作。全文平易质朴,情真意切,如话家常,历来被视为欧文的代表作品。与唐韩愈的《祭十二郎文》、清袁枚的《祭妹文》同被称为「千古至文」.由于欧阳修父亲亡故时,他才四岁,无法知悉亡父的生平行状,这就使他在撰述本文时遇到了困难。作者的高明之处亦即本文最大的特点之一,即是在文章中采
取了避实就虚、以虚求实、以虚衬实的写作方法,巧妙地穿插了其母太夫人郑氏的言语,以她口代己口,从背面和侧面落笔。一方面以此为依据,追念和表彰其父的仁心惠政;另一方面,在表父阡的同时,也顺水行舟,同时颂扬其母德妇节,使一位贤妻良母型的女性形象,栩栩如生地凸现在读者眼前。父因母显,母受父成。文章构思高明的地方,即在于一碑双表,二水分流;明暗交叉,互衬互托。而其舒徐有致、简易平实的文风,其谦恭平和、实事求是的态度,更使一切浮华失实的谀墓文字黯然失色。诚如明人薛瑄《薛文清公读书录》所谓:「凡诗文出于真情则工,昔人所谓出于肺腑者是也。如《三百篇》、《楚辞》、武侯《出师表》、李令伯《陈情表》、陶靖节诗、韩文公《祭兄子老成文》、欧阳公《泷冈阡表》,皆所谓出于肺腑者也,故皆不求工而自工。故凡作诗文,皆以真情为主。」
吴兴、王文濡《续古文观止》中注评说:“韩昌黎《祭十二郎文》、欧阳修《泷冈阡表》,皆古今有数文字,得此《祭妹文》,乃鼎足而三。”这三篇散文,被称为“中国古代三大名祭文”。《祭妹文》又被誉为“古代祭文中的绝调”。
二、学习文本
1、为下面加点的字注音。泷.冈()阡.表()以长.()俾.至()间.御()矧.()矜.饰()先妣.()能鲜.()翊.戴()
2、指出下列句中的通假字并解释(1)享年五十有九()
(2)逢国大庆,必加宠锡()
3、指出下列句中词类活用的词并解释(1)汝父为吏,尝夜烛治官书(2)而幸全大节不辱其先者(3)吾不能知汝之必有立
4、解释下列多义词的意义。(1)居
①其平居教他子弟 ②居穷,自力于衣食 ③奇货可居(2)微
①自其家少微时 ②微斯人,吾谁与归(3)间 ①间御酒食
②奉命于危难之间 ③安得广厦千万间
④从骊山下,道芷阳间行。⑤得间奔真州(4)于
①卜吉于泷冈之六十年 ②其施于外事,吾不能知 ③以长以教,俾至于成人 ④吾于汝父,知其一二
(三)交流质疑(1)古今异义词
①汝父免于母丧方逾年。②太夫人恭俭仁爱而有礼。③于是小子修泣而言曰
④为善无不报,而迟速有时,此理之常也。⑤则死者与我皆无恨也
明确:①古:因„„ 而辞官 今:免除。②古:讲礼节 今:有礼貌,讲礼貌。③古:自谦 今:男孩子,人(骂人的话)④古:有时间 今:有时候⑤古:遗憾 今:怨恨
(2)特殊句式
①而所为如此,是真发于中者邪。②此汝父之志也。③治其家以俭约。
④其子修始克表于其阡。⑤吾何恃而能自守邪? ⑥其后修贬夷陵。
明确:①判断句 他这样的作为,是真正出自内心的啊。②判断句 这可是你父亲的心意呀。
③状语后置句(她)以勤俭节约来持家。
④状语后置句 他的儿子修才能够在墓道上立碑。⑤宾语前置句 我靠什么而能坚守志节呢? ⑥被动句 后来,我被贬夷陵。
第二课时
一、理清文章思路
明确:第一部分(第1段):交代写作阡表的原因。第二部分(2、3段):写父母的美德。第三部分(4—6段):交代写作阡表的背景、缘由。
二、合作学习,交流探究
一、文章开头就交代父亲安葬六十年后才写下了这篇阡表是因为“有待”。说说这两个字的具体内涵,并简要分析它在文中的作用。明确:
这里的“有待”,指待己显贵,荣宗耀祖。第一段主要交代在他父亲葬后六十年
才写这篇阡表的原因,即“非敢缓也,盖有待也”。这“有待”二字极为重要,因为它
是统摄全文的纲领,亦是文眼所在。
二三段借母亲之口阐述父亲功德的同时,也阐明了父亲的“有待”的具体内容。
四、五两段依然围绕“有待”这一中心,列举祖宗三代所获的封赏名号,旨在将“幸全大节不辱其先者”的功劳,归于祖宗阴德。最后郑重署上自己的官名全称,回应父亲的“有待”已经得到了实现,与开头的“有待”相呼应。
三、本文巧妙地穿插了其母太夫人郑氏的言语,表现了父亲怎样的形象? 明确:
本文借用母亲缅怀往事,督训儿女的一番话,生动地展示了父亲居家廉洁、奉亲至孝、居官仁厚的仁心惠政,表现出一位不为财物所累、有着高尚操守的封建士大夫形象。
四、重点讲解,深度研习
文章通过母亲的叙述来表现先父的德行,这样写与作者的直接叙述相比,有什么好处?明确:
(1)以此为依据,追念和表彰父亲的仁心惠政;(2)在表现父亲德行的同时,颂扬母亲的贤惠和节操;(3)弥补了自己对父亲没有直接了解的不足。
第三课时
一、当堂训练
泷冈阡表①(节选)
欧阳修
呜呼!惟我皇考崇公,卜吉于泷冈之六十年,其子修始克表于其阡。非敢缓也,盖有待也。
修不幸,生四岁而孤。太夫人守节自誓;居穷,自力于衣食,修不幸,生四岁而孤。太夫人守节自誓,居穷,自力于衣食,以长以教,俾至于成人。太夫人告之曰:“汝父为吏,廉而好施与,喜宾客。其俸禄虽薄,常不使有余,曰:‘毋以是为我累。’故其亡也,无一瓦之覆,一垄之植,以庇而为生。吾何恃而能自守耶?吾于汝父,知其一二,以有待于汝也。自吾为汝家妇,不及事吾姑,然知汝父之能养也。汝孤而幼,吾不能知汝之必有立,然知汝父之必将有后也。吾之始归也,汝父免于母丧方逾年。岁时祭祀,则必涕泣,曰:‘祭而丰,不如养之薄也.’间御酒食,则又涕泣,曰:‘昔常不足,而今有余,其何及也!’吾始一二见之,以为新免于丧适然耳。既而其后常然,至其终身未尝不然。吾虽不及事姑,而以此知汝父之能养也。汝父为吏,尝夜烛治官书,屡废而叹。吾问之,则曰:‘此死狱也,我求其生不得尔。’吾曰:‘生可求乎?’曰:‘求其生而不得,则死者与我皆无恨也:矧(况且)求而有得邪?以其有得,则知不求而死者有恨也。夫常求其生,犹失之死;而世常求其死也。’回顾乳者
抱汝而立于旁,因指而叹曰:‘术者(指占卜、算命的人)谓我岁行在戌将死,使其言然,吾不及见儿之立也,后当以我语告之。’其平居教他子弟,常用此语,吾耳熟焉,故能详也。其施于外事,吾不能知;其居于家,无所矜饰,而所为如此,是真发于中者邪!呜呼!其心厚于仁者邪!此吾知汝父之必将有后也。汝其勉之!夫养不必丰要于孝利虽不得博于物要其心之厚于仁吾不能教汝此汝父之志也。”修泣而志之,不敢忘。
③因指而叹,曰:'术者谓我岁行在戌将死,使其言然,吾不及见儿之立也,后当以我语告之。'
1.对下列句子中加点词语的解释,不正确的一项是()A.其子修始克表于其阡 克:能够 B.以长以教俾至于成人 长:抚养 C.以为新兔于丧适然耳 适:恰好 D.回顾乳者剑汝而立于旁 剑:挟在胁下
2.下列各句中加点的“因”字,与“因指而叹”的“因”字意义和用法相同的一项是()
A.或因寄所托,放浪形骸之外 B.蒙故业,因遗策 C.项王即日因留沛公与饮 D.因利剩便,宰割天下
3.桐城派散文家林纾曾评注此文:“公虽不见其父,而自贤母口中述之,则崇公之仁心惠政,栩栩如生。”根据文意,说说欧阳修的父亲(崇公)是个怎样的人。请分条概括。
4.把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(1)非敢缓也,曾有待也。译文:
(2)吾何恃而能自守邪? 译文:
(3)吾之始归也,汝父免于母丧方逾年。岁时祭祀,则必涕泣。答案:
1.C 2.C 3.为官清廉,乐善好施,奉亲至孝,居心仁厚。
二、重点句子翻译
①太夫人守节自誓,居穷,自力于衣食,以长以教,俾至于成人。
②此死狱也,我求其生不得尔。
④自其家少微时,治其家以俭约,其后常不使过之,曰:“吾儿不能苟合于世,俭薄所以居患难也。”
⑤为善无不报,而迟速有时,此理之常也。
⑥是足以表见于后世,而庇赖其子孙矣。
第三篇:《泷中》阅读与答案
泷中
清·屈大均
舟随瀑水天边落,白浪如山倒翠微。
巨石有时亦却立,白鸥欲下复惊飞。
注?:《泷中》是一组诗,共十一首,这是其中的一首。诗前原有小序云:“泷在乐昌县(在今广东省)北,凡有六——曰穿腰泷,曰梅泷,曰寒泷,曰金泷,曰白茫泷,曰垂泷。”泷,湍急的河流。此诗写的是垂泷。
(1)赏析第二句“白浪如山倒翠微”中“倒”字的妙处。(4分)
答:
【知识点】本题考查鉴赏古代诗歌的语言,浅层次是理解句意的能力,能力层级为B级(理解赏析)。
参考答案:
“倒”,倒塌,崩倒(1分)“白浪如山倒翠微”写青翠的山峰倒映在泷中,泷中的波浪掀涌成山,随即又崩倒坠落在泷中(把“倒”解释为“倒映”可酌情给分)(2分)“倒”字既写出了水流的湍急壮观,又抒发了诗人的喜爱赞美之情(1分)。
解析:解答这类题:①解释“倒”字在句中的含义。②展开联想把该字放入原句中描述景象。③点出该字烘托了怎样的意境,或表达了怎样的感情。
【思路点拨】古人作诗讲究炼字,这种题型是要求品味这些经锤炼的字的妙处。答题时不能把该字孤立起来谈,得放在句中,并结合全诗的意境情感来分析。
(2)这首诗主要用了哪两种表现手法,请结合诗句分析。(4分)
答:
【知识点】本题考查鉴赏诗歌艺术手法的能力, 能力层次为D(鉴赏评价)。
第四篇:翻译原文及答案
新视野大学英语读写教程4课后翻译
2013-05-28 00:35:01
新视野大学英语(第二版)读写教程4课后翻译原题与答案
Unit 1
1.这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。
The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.2.研究结果表明,无论我们白天做了什么事情,晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。
Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day.3.有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力,以此来为自己的失败辩护。
Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.4.我们忠于我们的承诺:凡是答应做的,我们都会做到。
We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do, we would do it.5.连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此,他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。
Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world.The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.6.当局控告他们威胁国家安全。
They were accused by the authorities of threatening the state security.1.If you move into any place other than your own private home, make sure you know what the rules are about pets if you have one.出入除自己家以外的任何场所时,如果你带有宠物,一定要了解有关宠物的规定。
2.Some women could have made a good salary in job instead of staying at home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.一些女性完全可以不待在家里,而是去工作,挣一份不错的工资。但是为了家庭,她们放弃了工作。
3.How can you justify such rudeness? You will pay heavily for that because they have sued you for damaging their good name.你怎么为这样粗鲁的行为辩护? 你将会为此付出沉重的代价,因为他们已经以诋毁名誉的罪名起诉你了。
4.Criticism can be of great use;we may not like it at the time, but it can spur us on to greater things.批评有其重要作用;我们可能当时不喜欢它,但是它能激励我们去做更伟大的事情。
5.His uncompromising behavior, to which the public objected, left him bankrupt emotionally and financially.他毫不让步的行为遭到公众的反对,这使得他陷入了精神上崩溃、经济上破产的境地。
6.Even if you fail, don't let failure harm you, don't let failure take over.Remember failure is a necessary step in learning;it is not the end of your learning, but the beginning.即使你失败了,也不要被失败伤害,更不要被失败左右。记住:失败是学习过程中必要的一步;它不是学习的结束,而是学习的开始。
Unit 2
1.要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话,就会吸引更多的观众。
If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.2.她从未对自己的能力失去信心,因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员。
She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.3.我从未受过正式培训,我只是边干边学。
I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along.4.随着产品进入国际市场,他们的品牌知名度越来越高了。
As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity.5.她可以编造一个故事,说自己被窃贼打昏,所有的钱都没了,但她怀疑自己是否能让这故事听起来可信。
She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.6.谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问,可是这引起了对他更多的批评。
No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him.1.If there had been no Charlie Chaplin, the history of world cinema would have been different.如果没有查理•卓别林,世界电影史就会不一样了。
2.It was a relief that his hard work eventually gave him the result that he had long desired: He successfully discovered the cause of the disease.令人感到宽慰的是,他的努力最终给予了他长期渴望的结果──他成功地发现了这种疾病的原因。
3.Charlie Chaplin was one of the greatest and most widely loved movie stars.From The
Tramp to Modern Times, he made many of the funniest and most popular films of his time.He was best known for his character, the youthful and lovable Little Tramp.查理•卓别林是最伟大、最广受热爱的电影明星之一。从《流浪汉》到《摩登时代》,他拍摄了许多他那个时代最有趣、最受欢迎的电影。他最出名的是他扮演的一个人物──年轻可爱的小流浪汉。
4.Chaplin was an immensely talented man: Within only two years of his first appearance in motion pictures in 1914, he became one of the best-known personalities in the nation.卓别林是一个才能非凡的人:自他1914年第一次在电影中出现,两年时间内他就成了这个国家最有名的人物之一。
5.Charlie Chaplin had an impact on everyone's life in the early 20th century.He made more people laugh than any other man who ever lived and changed the way people looked at the world.查理•卓别林对20世纪初期每个人的生活都产生了影响。与有史以来的任何人相比,他让更多的人欢笑,改变了人们看待这个世界的方式。
6.On Christmas Day in 1977 Charlie Chaplin passed away.He left behind family and friends saddened by his death, and millions of fans worldwide.1977年,查理•卓别林在圣诞节那天去世了,身后留下了悲伤的家人和朋友,以及全世界数以百万计的影迷。
Unit
31.据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂,市长决定亲自出马调查这件事。
Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to look into the affair in person.2.这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的危险了。These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work.Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs.3.你只需填写一张表格就可取得会员资格,它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。
You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods.4.不知为什么他们的汽车在半路坏掉了,结果他们比原计划晚到了三个小时。
Their car broke down halfway for no reason.As a result they arrived three hours later than they had planned.5.那位官员卷入了一场丑闻,数周后被迫辞职。
The official got involved in a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.6.这个靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立起自己的市场,生意日渐兴隆。
The man living on welfare began to build up his own market, one step at a time and his business is thriving.1.The man is reported to have said in private that “we are being made fools of by many of our clients, so we are entitled to have them bow to us as compensation.”
据报道这个男子曾在私下说:“许多救济对象在欺骗我们,因此,作为补偿,我们有权让他们对我们点头哈腰。”
2.After considering your background and experience, we regret to inform you that we don't have an appropriate job opportunity for you at current stage.我们考虑了你的背景与经历,很遗憾地告诉你,我们目前没有适合你的工作机会。
3.I failed to take my cue from Oscar.Instead, I talked back to the woman, who turned out to be our new manager.我没能按奥斯卡的暗示去做,相反,我反驳了那个妇女,结果她竟然是我们的新经理。
4.There needs to be someone who can act as a champion for the rights of the poor because the system so easily lends itself to abuse.需要有人来充当穷人权利的捍卫者,因为这一体制太容易被滥用。
5.I called the police for help after my car broke down on the freeway.Twenty minutes later, they came to my rescue.我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后,我打电话向警察求助,20分钟后他们赶来帮我。
6.He was passionate for art, but he went through tremendous pain—pain of poverty and misunderstanding.他热爱艺术,却经受了巨大的痛苦──贫穷与误解。
Unit 4
1.我父母不是对我的教育投资,而是把钱花在了买新住房上。
Rather than invest in my education, my parents spent their money on a new house.2.如今,人们用于休闲娱乐的开支是过去的两倍。
Today, people are spending twice as much on entertainment and relaxation as they did in the past.3.一家公司要成功,它必须跟上市场的发展。
In order to be successful, a business must keep pace with developments in the marketplace.4.与申请这个职位的其他女孩相比,她流利的英语是个优势。
Her fluency in English gave her an advantage over other girls for the job.5.对于学生而言,没有任何地方比图书馆更好了,在那里所有的图书都任由他们使用。For students, nowhere is better than the library, where all the books are at their disposal.6.我们要充分利用好这个平台,加强交流,拓展合作领域,共谋发展大计。
We should make full use of the platform to strengthen communication, expand cooperation in more areas and seek further development through joint efforts.1.The developing countries see information technologies as a means to accelerate their economy, but some lack experience in weighing costs and choosing between technologies.发展中国家认为信息技术是促进经济发展的途径,但一些国家在估算成本与选择技术方面缺乏经验。
2.The world is said to have about 3,000 times as much groundwater as water it has in rivers and lakes, and groundwater is far cleaner.据说地球拥有的地下水量大约是其拥有的河流和湖泊水量的三千倍,而且地下水要干净得多。
3.Anyone can take good photos—it's just a matter of being in the right place at the right time.任何人都能照出好照片──问题只是你是否在合适的时间和地点。
4.By installing computers in their schools and libraries, the community leaders demonstrated that they were determined not to lag behind in technology.通过在他们的学校和图书馆安装计算机,这些社区的领导们表明他们决心不在技术上落后。
5.When he started the company, he thought he'd be able to cruise alongside the top businesses in the market, but he is disappointed because he hasn't yet succeeded.当他开始创办这家公司时,他想他将能在市场上与那些顶级公司并驾齐驱,可是他现在失望了,因为他没有成功。
6.A Florida couple is building what they say will be the home of the future, one strong enough to withstand hurricanes, yet gentle enough to blend in with the environment.佛罗里达的一对夫妇在建造一座他们称之为未来之家的房子,它既能抵御飓风,又与周围环境十分协调。
Unit 5
1.这位小个子男子并不如他看上去那么单纯。
This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2.对这个问题我已束手无策了,所以你不妨去求助于王教授吧。
There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3.双方高度评价了在不同领域合作取得的成果,并希望合作进一步加深。
Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.4.一方面,亲民形象能使新政策更易于被民众接受,另一方面,它也能“广直言之路,启进善之门”。
On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily
accepted.On the other hand, it will “encourage people to speak their minds and come up with
constructive suggestions”.5.他孤独的感觉时起时落,他有时会对自己、对宠物、对电视机唠叨不休。
His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.6.毕竟,金钱不是万能的,最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。
After all, money is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.1.The new mechanism is not so effective as they had expected, for months passed and there has been no big improvement in management efficiency.新的机制并不像他们预期的那样有效,因为数月过去了,但管理效率并没有明显改进。
2.I don't want to scare you unnecessarily, but you might as well face facts and look at a few numbers.我不想不必要地吓唬你,可你最好还是面对事实,看看一些数字吧。
3.Loneliness is marked by a sense of isolation.Solitude, on the other hand, is a state of being alone without being lonely and can lead to self-awareness.孤独的特点是一种与世隔绝感,而独居则是独自一人却不感到寂寞的状态,它能引发自我意识。
4.Loneliness is a negative state.One feels that something is missing.It is possible to be with people and still feel lonely—perhaps the bitterest form of loneliness.孤独是一种消极的状态,你会感到失去了某种东西。你可能与别人在一起仍然感到孤独——这也许是孤独最痛苦的形式。
5.Solitude is a positive state of engagement with oneself.Solitude is desirable, a state of being alone where you provide yourself wonderful and sufficient company.独居是一种与自我相约的积极的状态。独居是值得向往的,是独自一人、享受自我愉快而又充实的陪伴的一种状态。
6.Thoreau says that loneliness can occur even amid companions if one's heart is not open to them.梭罗说,一个人即使身处同伴之中,如果不对他们敞开心扉,仍会感到孤独。
第五篇:课后翻译及答案
课后翻译及答案
Unit
11.Our youngest, a world-class charmer, did little to develop his intellectual talents but always got by.Until Mrs.Stifter.2.No one seems to stop to think that — no matter what environments they come from — most kids don't put school first on their list unless they perceive something is at stake.3.Of average intelligence or above, they eventually quit school, concluding they were too dumb to finish.4.Young people generally don't have the maturity to value education in the same way my adult students value it.5.It is an expression of confidence by both teachers and parents that the students have the ability to learn the material presented to them.6.This means no more doing Scott's assignments for him because he might fail.No more passing Jodi because she's such a nice kid.1.我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷,学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关。直到施蒂夫特夫人当了他的老师,这种局面才彻底改变了。
2.似乎没有人停下来想想看,无论孩子们来自何种环境,他们当中大多数若不是发现情况到了危急关头,才不会把功课当作头等大事呢。
3.这些学生智力水平至少也算中等,但最终都退学了,他们总结说自己太笨,学不下去了。
4.年轻人往往不够成熟、不会像我的成人学生那样重视教育。
5.这表明老师和家长都对学生有信心,相信他们能够学好发给他们的学习材料。
6.这意味着再也不要因为担心斯科特会不及格而替他做作业,再也不要因为朱迪是个乖孩子而故她过关。
Unit
21.I had always dreamed of being proposed to in a Parisian cafe, under dazzling stars, like the one in a Van Gogh knockoff that hangs in my studio apartment.Instead, my boyfriend asked me to marry him while I was Windexing the bathroom mirror.2.But the more time and effort I put in, the more the universe tried to thwart me.The Greek band from Los Angeles that I wanted wasn't available.The stitching I had requested for my cathedral veil was all wrong.My ivory silk gown was being quarantined somewhere in Singapore.3.I realized that a Big Day without my mother would be no day at all.Not having my dad, who passed away three years before, to walk me down the aisle was painful, but the thought of not having Mom there was unbearable.4.Our baby sister, who'd been looking after Mom since Dad's death, intensive-care unit, just a few hours after her surgery.She was strung out with a myriad of plastic tubes protruding from her arms, nose, and mouth.“Liz, make sure you eat something,” she said in a strained, raspy voice.6.I've forgotten what kind of stitching is in my veil.But when I remove it from my face, I'll be staring at the two people I love beyond all reason: my soon-to-be husband and the woman(who showed me what's really important.) 1.我一直有这样的昝想:星光灿烂的晚上,在一家巴黎咖啡馆能有人向我求婚那个咖啡馆就像凡高所画的“夜晚的咖啡馆”,我的工作室墙上就挂着一幅此画的翻印本。然而,我男明友却在我用“稳得新”擦洗卫生间镜子的时候叫我嫁给他。 2.但是,我投入的时间和精力越多,万事就越和我过不去。没有请到我想要的洛杉矶希腊乐队;我到教堂时所戴面纱的针线活也很糟,不是我原来所要求的。我订的象牙色的丝绸礼服被隔离在新加坡的某个地方。 3.我认识到没有妈妈的大喜日子不可思议。爸爸已经在三年前过世,不可能牵着我的手到教堂圣坛完婚.这已经让我觉得凄苦。但是一想到妈妈那天也不能在教堂就让我觉得无法忍受。 4.小妹自父亲去世以来一直照顾着妈妈,这时恐惧占据了她的心,此情此景让她不由得 想起父亲临终的日子。咨询医生后,我们得知胃部手术是妈妈唯一的选择。医院一有床位我们就住进去了。 5.此外,照顾母亲也让我认识到她当年照料我们是多么地尽心。我永远也不会忘记,她刚动完手术几个小时后,我到特护病房去看她。她躺在那里,手臂、鼻孔和嘴巴里插了那么多的塑料导管,她却吃力、沙哑地说道:“莉兹,你一定要吃点东西。” 6.我已经忘记面纱上的刺綉。但在我掀掉面纱的时候,我肯定会脉脉地注视着我所最爱的两个人:我的未婚夫和让我懂得人生要义的那个女人——我的母亲。 Unit 31.In sequential testimony, each one stated that he did not believe tobacco was a health risk and that his company had taken no steps to manipulate the levels of nicotine in its cigarettes.2.Dr.Brandt...amply demonstrates that Big Tobacco understood many of the health risks of their products long before the 1964 surgeon general's report.3.Early in the 20th century, opposition to cigarettes took a moral rather than a health-conscious tone, especially for women who wanted to smoke, although even then many doctors were concerned that smoking was a health risk.4.And their marketing memorandums document advertising campaigns aimed at youngsters to hook whole new generations of smokers.5.Instead, these experts focused primarily on a small group of skeptics of the dangers of cigarettes during the 1950s, many of whom had or would eventually have ties to the tobacco industry.6.Last August, she concluded that the tobacco industry had engaged in a 40-year conspiracy to defraud smokers about tobacco's health dangers.1.在随后的证词中,每个人都陈述自己不相信烟草会给健康带来风险,而且自己的公司从未采取措施来操纵香烟中尼古丁的含量。 2.布兰特博士用充足的证据证明,早在1964年的卫生局长报告发表前,各大烟草巨头就已了解了自家产品对健康造成的诸多风险。 3.在20世纪初期,对香烟的抵制带着道德的口吻,而不是出于对健康的关注,对想抽烟的女性更是如此.不过即使在当时,许多医生已经关注到吸烟会给健康造成风险。 4.在他们的营销备忘录中,记录了他们针对青少年发动的广告运动,旨在诱惑一代代的新烟民。 5.相反,这些专家主要关注的是20世纪50年代的一小撮对香烟危害的怀疑论者,他们中的大部分人要么当时就与烟草业有勾结,要么最终也会同烟草业勾结起来。 6.去年八月,她总结道,烟草行业策划了一场为期40年的阴谋,以欺骗烟民,掩盖烟草对健康的危害。 Unit 51.It is hard to escape the fact that in developed societies, despite progress, innovation prosperity, there is something not quite right.2.Politicians, obsessed with inputs and outputs, targets and controls, are flummoxed by immeasurable concepts such as the value people place on spending time with their families.3.Another reason is that electoral cycles lend themselves to a culture of short-termism, with a need for immediate, quantifiable measurements and results.4.Today we need to be just as revolutionary to put us back on track to social prosperity: to respond to that yearning for happiness.5.Setting the right framework means creating incentives and removing barriers to remodel the context within which the whole of society makes choices.6.Given our advances in terms of political freedom, economic enterprise and cultural ingenuity, life could, and should, be more satisfying.1.人们很难摆脱这样一种事实:在发达的社会,尽管社会进步,改革日新月异,物质富足,人们却总觉得有些事情不大对劲。 2.政治家们满脑子的投入与产出,目标与调控,而叶于诸如有多看重与家人共度时 光之类的、无法用数字测量的概念,他们往往感到困惑不已 3.另一与之相关的原因是:一轮轮的竞选让他们置身于急功近利的氛围,期待立竿见影的量化的测量手段与结果。 4.今天,我们需要如当初一样彻底改变思想,以便重新回到社会繁荣富强的轨道上。这种思想的转变革新使是:积极地响应对幸福的追求。 5.制定恰当的规章制度,是指创设激励机制并排除障碍来重建整个社会体系,这样,社会的各个层面都能依此做出适当选择。 6.既然我们政治上已经更加自由,经济更加繁荣,文化更加百花齐放,那么我们的生活能够且应当更加令人满意。