第一篇:人教版八年级下册英语前半期知识点总结
Unit1 what’s the matter?
1.It’s +形容词 + for sb.+ to do sth.做某事对某人来说是…的。It’s important to do sth.做某事很重要。
It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet.平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.It’s easy to do sth.做某事是容易的。
It’s easy for us to find out the answer.找出答案对我们来说是容易的。2.情态动词should的用法
should是情态动词,它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。意为“应该......”。should(应当,应该)用于所有人称,表示劝告或建议。eg.---I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。
---You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下,多喝水。3.maybe与may be
(1)maybe是副词,译为“也许、可能”,相当于“perhaps”。如:Maybe he can answer the question.也许他能回答那个问题。
He maybe is from the USA, too.他可能也来自美国。(2)may be中的may为情态动词,译为“可能是......”。如: He may be from the USA, too.他可能也来自美国。She may be our English teacher.她可能是我们的英语老师。4.few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系:
(1)few / a few用来修饰可数名词,few表示否定意义,没有,几乎没有;a few表示肯定意义,有几个。例如:
He has few friends here, he feels lonely.他这里没朋友,他感觉寂寞。
There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。
(2)little / a little用来修饰不可数名词,little表示否定意义,没有,几乎没有; a little 表示肯定意义,有一点儿。例如:
There is little ink in my bottle.Can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了,你能给我点儿墨水吗?
5.not…until 直到…(否定句)才......,动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词。She didn’t leave until we came.He went shopping after he got up.=He didn’t go shopping until /before he got up....until/till 直到......(肯定句)动词为延续性动词 We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.Unit2 I'll help clean the city parks.1.短语动词小结
常见动词短语结构有下面几种:
(1)动词+副词 如:give up 放弃;turn off 关掉;stay up 熬夜 这种结构有时相当于及物动词,如果其宾语是代词,就必须放在动 词和副词之间,如果是名词,则既可插在动词和副词之间,也可放 在短语动词后。
(2)动词+介词 如:listen of 听;look at 看;belong to 属于 这种结构相当于及物动词,后面跟宾语。
(3)动词+副词+介词 如:come up with 提出,想出; run out of 用完,耗尽(4)动词+名词+介词 如:take part in参加;catch hold of 抓住 2.each 每个,各自的,强调事物的个别情况,常与of 连用 every 每个,每一个的,一切的,有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用 3.help sb.(to)do 帮助某人做某事 help him(to)study help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事 help him with English help do 帮助做某事 help study 4.spend...doing...花费…做…
I spent a day visiting Beijing.我花了一天的时间去参观北京。spend… on sth.花费…在… I spent 3 years on English.5.join 参加(指参加团体、组织)
如:join the Party 入党
take part in 参加(指参加活动)如:take part in sports meeting 参加运动会 6.run out 与 run out of
(1)run out(become used up).其主语往往为物。如时间,食物,金钱,油等,本身就含有被动意义。
His money soon ran out.他的钱很快就花光了。Our time is running out.我们剩下的时间不多了。(2)run out of 主语为人,表示主动含义。
He is always running out of money before pay day.他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。两者在一定条件下可以互换
如:The petrol is running out.汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol.Our time is running out.我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time.7.work out
(1)结局,结果为
The strategies that he came up with worked out fine.他提出的这个策略效果很好。(2)算出,制订出,消耗完(精力等)
He never seems to be worked out.他好像永远不会疲乏似的。He worked out a plan.他制订了一个计划。
I have worked out our total expenses.我已经算出了我们总的费用。8.hang out 闲荡 闲逛
I like to hang out at mall with my friends.我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。9.be able to do 能,会 be unable to do 不能,不会 10.for sure 确实如此,毫无疑问
You don’t have money.That’s for sure.你没有钱,这是毫无疑问的。11.fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充… She filled the bowl with water.她用水填满碗。12.hand out 分发 hand out bananas give out 分发 give out sth to sb.分….给某人 give up doing 放弃… give up smoking 放弃吸烟 give away 赠送 捐赠 give away money to kids give sb.sth.给某人某东西 give me money 给我钱 give sth.to sb.给某人某东西 give money to me 给我线 13.help sb.out 帮助…做事,解决难题(摆脱困境)
I can’t work out this math problem.Please help me out.我不能算出这道数学问题,请你帮我解决。
14.train n.火车 v.训练 train sb.to do.训练某人做某事 She trains her dog to fetch things.她训练她的狗去取东西。15.at once == right away 立刻 马上 如:
Do it at once.马上去做。I’ll go there at once/ right away.我马上去那里。16.one day 有一天(指将来/过去)some day 有一天(指将来)如: One day I went to Beijing.有一天我去了北京。Some day I’ll go to Beijing.有一天我将去北京。
Unit3 Could you please clean your room? 1.关于 to 的短语总结
have to do sth.不得不/必须做某事
need to do sth.需要做某事
hate to do sth.讨厌做某事 like to do sth.喜欢做某事
want to do sth.想做某事
love to do sth.热爱做某事
forget to do sth.忘记做某事
start to do sth.开始做某事
begin to do sth.开始做某事ask sb to do sth.请某人做某事 2.---Could you please clean your room?---Yes, sure./ Sorry, I can't.I have to do my homework first.---Could I please use the car?
---Sure./ Certainly./ Of course./ No, you can't.I have to go out.在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中,常用 could 代替 can,以表示礼貌,委婉或不确定的语气,而 can 则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把 could 看作 can 的过去式。以上两句中用 could 是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时,除了 can, could 之外,还可以用 may,句子的表达方式也各有不同,可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。例: Could / Can / May I use your car for a day?作答可以各种各样:
如同意可以说 Yes,或 Sure 或 Certainly,还可说 Yes,(do)please.或 Of course.(you may / can).或 That's OK / all right.如果不同意,可以说 I'm sorry you can't.或 I'm really sorry, but I have to use it today.要避免说 No, you can't.这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。
Unit4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
1.get
(1)买 get sth.for sb.= get sb.sth.为某人买某物 Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping ? = Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping ?
(2)得到,到达 Where did you get the book? When did you get the letter? He got home late last night.(3)使,让,get + 宾语 + 宾补 使某人/某物怎么样 Please get you coat clean.Get your mouth closed.get sb.to do sth.使某人做某事I got him to call Jim yesterday.(4)(逐渐)变得…...The weather gets warmer and days get longer.Why did the teacher get angry ?
2.how about/ what about 后跟名词/代词/动词ing形式。
(1)向对方提出建议或请求 How about going out for a walk? How about something to eat?(2)向对方征求意见或看法 How about the TV play ? How about buying the house now ?(3)询问天气或身体情况 How about the weather in Hainan Island ? How about your parents? Are they living with you ?(4)谈话中承接上下文 I’m forty years old.How about you?
I’m from Beijing.How about you? 3.receive 收到
The girl was happy to receive many gifts on her birthday.receive a letter from = get a letter from = heard from收到某人的信 I received a letter from my parents last Sunday.= I got a letter from my parents last Sunday.= I heard from my parents last Sunday.accept 接受
He couldn’t accept our suggestions but our gifts.She was very glad to receive the invitation.I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to accept it.4.a 6-year-old child 一个六岁的孩子
6-year-old 是由“数词 +名词 + 形容词 ” 构成的复合形容词,作前置定语,修饰后面的名词child。
“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词,中间的名词要用单数形式:
a five-year-old girl 一个五岁的女孩 a two-meter-long ruler 一把两米长的尺子 a ten-story-high building 一栋十层高的楼房 a two-inch-thick dictionary 一本两英寸厚的词典
5.too...to… 太……而不能 ……too 后跟形容词或副词原形, to 后跟动词原形, 构成不定式,句子的主语与动词不定的主语不一时, 可以在动词不定式前加逻辑主语for sb。He is too young to join the army(军队).他年纪太小,不能去参军。
The math problem is too difficult for me to work out.这道数学题对我来说太难了,做不出。too...to…可以与enough to和so…that…转换.She is too young to do the work.= She isn’t old enough to do the work.Tom is too tired to walk any farther.= Tom is so tired that he can’t walk any farther.6.pay , spend , cost , take 的区别
(1)pay 花费(多少钱), 主语是人。sb.pay some money for sth.I paid 5000 yuan for the computer last week.我上个星期花了5000买电脑。(2)spend 花费(多少钱或时间),主语是人。
sb.spend some money on sth.sb.spend some time(in)doing sth.I spent 5000 yuan on the computer last week.She spent 2 hours(in)doing her homework.她花了2个小时做作业。(3)cost 花费(多少钱), 主语是物。sth.cost sb.some money.This jacket cost him 200 dollars.这件夹克衫花费她200美元。(4)take 花费(时间),主语形式主语为It.It takes sb.some time to do sth.花费某人多少时间做某事
How long does it take sb.to do sth? 花费某人多少时间做某事?
It took Liu Hong 2 hours to do her homework.刘红花了2个小时做作业。7.sleep , sleeping, sleepy , asleep , fall asleep , be asleep
(1)sleep 动词, 睡觉, 强调动作。I am very tired.I want to sleep.我很累,想睡觉。(2)sleeping, sleep 的现在分词, 表示“ 正在睡觉”。
Don’t make so much noise.The baby is sleeping.不要这么吵,宝宝在睡觉。(3)sleepy 想睡觉的, 困倦的。
I am a little sleepy.I’d like to go to bed.我有点困了,我想去床上睡觉了。(4)asleep 睡着了的。
The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school.老师发现汤姆上课睡觉,放学后就把他留了下来。
(5)fall asleep 强调从没有睡着到睡着的过程, 不能接一段时间。
I couldn’t fall asleep until it was very late last night.我昨天晚上到很晚才睡着。(6)be asleep 表示睡着后的状态 , “ 睡着了”, 可以接一段时间。He was asleep for three hours.他睡了3个小时 8.open
(1)动词, 打开 , 开业, 开张, 展现
Would you mind opening the window ? 你介意我把窗户打开吗?(2)形容词, be open 开着的, 开放的
On weekends the swimming pool is open to the public.在周末,这个游泳池是对公众开放的。9.close 动词, 关闭, 关上 , 合上 closed 形容词, be closed 关着的, 关闭的 10.encourage 动词, 鼓励, 激励
encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves.家长们应该要鼓励孩子们自己动手做事情。11.progress 名词, “ 进步, 进展”
make progress “取得进步, 取得进展”
Tom is now making great progress at school.汤姆现在在学校的进步很大。12.take an interest in(doing)sth.对(做)某事感兴趣 否定表达是 take no interest in(doing)sth.对(做)某事不感兴趣 Do you take an interest in English ? 你对英语感兴趣吗?
Most children take an interest in playing computer games.大多数孩子对电脑游戏很感兴趣。13.make friends with sb.和某人交朋友
Would you like to make friends with us? 你想和我们交朋友吗?
Unit5 what were you doing when the rainstorm came? 1.arrive at 到达(小地方)arrive in到达(大地方)reach 到达 get to 到达
I arrived in Beijing last night.= I reached Beijing last night.= I got to Beijing last night.如果宾语是副词here, there, home, 要把at/in/to省略。arrive here/there/home
get here/there/home 2.in front of… 在 … 的前面(某一范围外的前面)in the front of … 在 … 的前面(某一范围内的前面)
There are some big trees in front of the classroom building.在教室的前面有一些大树。I like sitting in the front of the taxi.我喜欢坐在出租车的前排位置。3.take off
(1)起飞 When did the plane take off yesterday? 飞机什么时候起飞?
(2)脱下(衣帽等)He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room.他一进房间就脱掉了外套。
(3)取消They will take off the 5 am train.他们取消了早上5点的火车。4.get out(of)… 从……离开/出去/下来 A car stopped and a girl got out of it.但从汽车/火车/船/飞机/马匹上下来, 用get off… 5.follow
(1)跟随 I followed him up he hill.我跟着他上了山.(2)沿着……前进 Follow this road until you get to the post office.顺着这条路一直到邮局.(3)听懂,理解 Could you speak more slowly? I can’t follow you.你能说慢点吗?我听不懂。(4)follow sb.to do sth.跟着某人做某事
Please follow me to read the story.请跟我读这个故事。6.shout at 大声喊叫,多指因生气而非善意的大声叫喊
Don’t shout at the little boy.He is too young.不要对他大叫,他还太小。shout to 大声喊叫,多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊
We should shout to him , or he can’t hear us.我们应该朝他叫喊,否则他听不到我们的声音。7.happen 发生,具体事件偶然的没有预见的发生
(1)happen to do sth.碰巧做某事
I happened to meet one of my old friends in the park yesterday.昨天我在公园碰巧遇见我的一个老朋友。
(2)sth happens to sb.某人发生了某事
An car accident happened to him last month.上个月他发生了交通事故.take place 发生
(1)按计划进行或按计划发生
Great changes have taken place in China in recent years.最近几年中国发生了巨大的变化.(2)(运动/ 活动/会议等)举行
The meeting will take place next Friday.运动会将于下星期五举行。take the place of 代替, 取代
Plastics can sometimes take the place of wood and metal.塑料有时能代替木材和金属.take one’s place 坐某人的位置, 代替某人的职务
Come to take my place.my seat is near the window.来做我的位置,我的座位靠近窗户。8.anywhere 任何地方,常用于否定句或疑问句中.Did you go anywhere last night? 你昨天还去了别的地方了吗?
somewhere 某个地方,用于肯定句。
come and see me.Then we’ll go out somewhere.来我家找我,然后我们出去逛逛。everywhere 处处, 到处 = here and there
I can’t find my pen though I looked for it everywhere.尽管我到处都找过了,还是找不到我的钢笔。
9.silence 名词, 寂静/无声
There’s nothing but silence in the room.屋内寂静无声。Keep in silence.保持沉默.silent 形容词, 沉默的, 寂静的
The old house was quite silent.这所老房子寂静无声。The cat moved on silent feet.那只猫无声地走动着。10.hear 听到
Can you hear someone knocking at the door? 你听到有人敲门了吗?(1)hear of 听说 , 后接表示人或物的词
I have never heard of him before.我以前从来没有听说过他。(2)hear about 听说, 后接表示事件的名词
I’ve just heard about his illness.我刚刚听说他生病的事。Have you heard about the accident ? 你听说了那场事故吗?(3)hear from 收到某人的来信
I heard from my daughter in New York yesterday.我昨天收到在纽约的女儿的来信。11.主语 + be + one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 + in / of 短语。…… 是……中最……的……之一.This was one of the most important events in modern American history.这是美国历史上最重要的事件之一。Xiamen is one of the most beautiful cities in China.厦门是中国最漂亮的城市之一。12.experience
(1)名词经验, 不可数名词;经历, 体验, 可数名词 Have you had any experience of fishing? 你有钓鱼的经验吗?
Could you tell us about your experiences in Africa? 你能给我们谈谈你在非洲的经历吗?(2)动词
经历, 感觉
The children experienced many difficulties this time.这次孩子们经历了许多困难.experienced 形容词
有经验的
be experienced in/at doing sth.= have much experience in/at doing sth.做某事很有经验.She is an experienced teacher.他是一个经验丰富的教师。He is very experienced in/at repairing cars.他修车很有经验。13.as … as … 和…… 一样… 两个as之间用形容词或副词的原形。He works as carefully as she.他和她一样工作认真。She is as tall as her mother.她和母亲一样高。not as… as… 不如某人/某物…
He isn’t as / so old as he looks.他不像看起来那么老。
She doesn’t run as / so fast as her brother.她不如她哥哥跑得那么快。
14.have fun = have a good/great/wonderful time = enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快 Did you have fun at the party? 昨天在派对上玩的开心吗? = Did you have a good/great/wonderful time ? = Did you enjoy yourself ? have fun doing sth.开心做某事
I’m just having fun playing the guitar.我正开心的弹吉他呢。15.accident 事故, 意外遭遇
He was killed in an accident.他死于一起意外事故.traffic accident 交通事故
Many people die in traffic accidents every year.每年有很多人死于交通事故。by accident 偶然, 意外地
We met at the airport by accident.我们偶然在机场遇见。16.think about 考虑(某个计划)
They are thinking about moving to Beijing.他们考虑搬去北京。
think of 认为 What do you think of the movie?= how do you like the movie? 你认为这部电影怎么样?
think over 仔细思考
We need a few days to think over this matter.我们需要几天时间来考虑这个事情。17.感叹句 what 引导的感叹句
(1)What a beautiful girl(she is)!多么美的姑娘呀!(2)What a clever boy(he is)!多么聪明的男孩呀!(3)What interesting pictures(they are)!多么美的图片呀!(4)What tall buildings(they are)!多么高的楼呀!(5)What delicious food(it is)!多么可口的食物呀!(6)What bad weather(it is)!多么坏的天气呀!规律:what +(a/an)+ 形容词 + 名词(+ 主语 + 谓语)+!名词为不可数名词或复数名词时, 形容词前面不能有a/an。how 引导的感叹句
(7)How heavy the box is!多么重的箱子呀!How fast he runs!他跑得多快呀!
(8)How careful the girl is!多么细心的姑娘呀!How well she plays the piano!她的钢琴弹得多好呀!
18.过去进行时
过去进行时的用法
(1)过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
What were you doing at 8:30 this morning? 今天早上8点半你正在做什么? When I called him, he was having dinner.当我打电话给他时,他正在吃饭。(2)过去某段时间正在进行的动作。
What were you doing from seven to nine yesterday? 你昨天7点到9点在做什么? I was reading the whole morning yesterday.我昨天一整个早上都在看书。过去进行时的构成
(1)肯定句:主语 + was / were +动词ing形式 + 时间状语。(2)否定句:主语 + was / were + not + 动词ing形式 + 时间状语。(3)疑问句:was / were + 主语 + 动词ing形式 + 时间状语 ?
肯定回答:Yes , 主语 + was / were.否定回答:No, 主语 + was / were + not.
第二篇:人教英语 八年级下册词汇总结练习
八年级下册词汇总结
1.Which hobby do you think _______ _____ the least space? 你认为哪种爱好占用最少的地方?
2.I’ll _______ _____ the table and chairs.我会整理桌子和椅子。3.I listened to music ______ ______ _______.我总是在听音乐。
4.What made you so __________ ______ music? 是什么使你对音乐感兴趣?
5.Many students have hobbies, _______ ______ reading, painting, growing vegetables in their gardens.很多学生有爱好,例如读书,画画,在他们的花园种蔬菜。
6.______ ________ ______ the usual activities, such as sailing, climbing and mountain biking, there was a writing workshop with a professional writer.除了通常的活动,象航海,爬山和山地自行车运动,还有一个有一个专业作家的写作训练班。
7.In senior high school David wrote a story about teenage life, and it _______ _______ as a book in 2003.在高中,大卫写了一个有关青少年生活的故事,它在2003年作为一本书出版了。
8.Many teenagers love his book, ____ ____ _________, David has become a successful young writer.很多青少年喜欢他的书,因此,大卫成了一名成功的年轻作家。
9.It was the early autumn of my first year at a junior high school, and my old school was _____ ________.这是我在一所初中第一年的初秋,我原来的学校离我很遥远。
10.I was very lonely, and afraid to _______ __________ _______ anyone.我很孤独,而且害怕跟任何人交朋友。
11.What does it _______ _______? 它感觉如何?
12.Sorry.He isn’t here _______ ________.对不起,他现在不再这儿。13.I didn’t want my parents to _________ _________ me.我不想让我的父母让我担心。
14.____ ________, I’m studying Chinese.事实上,我正在学中文。
15.I was a bit lonely _____ ________, but people here are friendly, so I am never alone any more.开始我有点感觉有点孤独,但是这儿的人很友好,所以我再也不孤单了。
16._______ _______ ________, please.请等一下。17.I asked your secretary ________ she could come ____ ______.我问你的秘书她是否能来。
18.Our last public concert will be here on Starsearch in ____ _________
_____ months.我们的最后一次公开音乐会将在几个月后在明星搜索栏目上播出。
19._____ ______ _______, why don’t you bring all your friends for a visit
to Radio Beijing? 顺便说一下,你为什么不把你所有的朋友带来参观北京广播电台?
20.I _____ very lonely, and ________ ____ make friends with anyone.我很
孤独,而且害怕和任何人交朋友。
21._____ _______ __________, a boy entered the classroom.在那时,一
个男孩进入教室。
22.______ _____ _______, I became closer to everyone in my class.一天
天的,我开始跟班里的每个人亲近起来。
23.Now, I want to answer your questions, but remember to _______ _____
______ the red light … 现在,我要回答你的问题,但是记得注意红灯。
24.At the age of nine, I ______ ______ _______ in small radio stations.在九岁的时候,我在一个小的电台找工作。
25.“How old are you?” the radio studio manager at WXBN _______
________ at me.“你多大了?”WXBN电台的经理俯视着我。26.______ ___________ ______.不客气。
27.If the red light doesn’t _______ _____, wait for thirty seconds.如果红
灯不亮,等三十秒。
28.If you want to _______ _____ the recorder, press the blue button.如果
你想打开录音机,按红色按钮。
29.If you don’t like the programme, ______ the TV ____.如果你不喜欢
这个节目,关掉电视。
30.It may _______ _______ ________.这可能会挽救你的生命。31._________ _____!We’ll be late!快点!我们要迟到了!
32.But you shouldn’t use your ________ __________—after all, your
parents gave you that money.但是你不该使用你的零花钱,毕竟那是你的父母给的钱。
33.We copied it onto the computer and when we finished, we ______ it
_____ the computer.我们把它复制到电脑上,当我们完成时,我们卸载了它。
34.If you tell him the truth, he’ll be angry with you, but ____ ________ you’ll prove how honest you are.如果你告诉他真相,他会对你生气,但至少你能证明你是诚实的。
35._____ you ________ ____ speak French? 你能讲法语吗?
36.Well, we play some music _____ ___________.好的,我们会一起演奏音乐的。
37.And then one of us plays a solo of some Irish dance music _____ _____ _______ ______ the starseach concert.然后,在明星搜索音乐会的末尾,我们中的一个人会独奏一支爱尔兰舞曲。
38.If you offer to do some jobs around the home, or maybe _____ him _____ his work, he will realize that you’re truly sorry.如果你主动做一些家务,或者也许帮忙做他的工作,他会意识到你真的很抱歉。39.There’s _________ ____ food and drink, so no one is hungry.有足够的食物和饮料,所以没有人会饿。
40.Then they come ______ ______ ________ with some terrible man.然后他们面对面遇到一些可怕的人。
41.It’s an enjoyable film, although ____ _______ ___________ there’s too much fighting.这是一个令人愉快的电影,尽管在我看来有太多的打斗。
42.I _______ ______ Lingling and her uncle, and I asked them what the noise was.我叫醒玲玲和她叔叔,问他们噪声是设么。
43.People ______ _______ the world celebrate the new year.全世界的人们都庆祝新年。
44.Just before 12 o’clock, everyone _________ __________ from 10: 10, 9, 8… 就在12点之前,每个人从10倒数:10,9,8……
45.It can ________ _____ the seasons, the moon or the sun.这依据季节,月亮和太阳。
46.Some families _____ ___________ for special meal with grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins.一些家庭和祖父母,叔叔婶婶,表兄弟姐妹聚集在一起吃一顿特殊的饭。
47.They write down ____ ______ _____ things, such as “I will help out more at home….” 他们写下一系列事情,例如“我会在家里多帮
忙……”
48.When September comes, it starts to get cooler, so after ________ _______ we start classes.当九月到来,天气开始变得凉爽,所以劳动节后我们开始上课。
49.We also go back to school _____ _______ ______ the May Day holiday is over.五一节一结束我们也就回到学校。
50.But the last piece is __________ _____.但是最后一支曲子就要开始了。
51.She missed the final practice _____ ________ Kylie could play this piece of music _____ ______ ______.她错过了最后的练习,为了凯莉能够独自演奏这支曲子。
52.He ______ ______ ________ to helping the Chinese people.他把生命献给了帮助中国人民。
53._____ _____ _______, he died because he did not stop to _____ _______ _____ his hand.最后,他死了,因为他没有停下来取照料他的手。
54.Could you tell him I’d like to _____ ______ ________ _____ him? 你能告诉他我想要跟他说句话吗?
55.For most teenagers it would ______ be a holiday _____ ______.对大部分青少年来说这根本不会是个假期。
56.You go to the airport and _____ them ______.你去机场送别他们。57.You could go by boat or by train, although it would take _____ long _____ you’d need to come back immediately.你能坐船或火车去,尽管这会花这如此长的时间以至于你将需要立刻返回。
58.They don’t learn any life skills until they _____ ____ _________.他们不会学到任何生活技能直到他们上大学。59.Revision B
60.It __________ _____ Caption Flint.它属于弗林特船长。
初中教材中的短语与句子
八年级下册
Module 1
I’ll
there was a writing workshop with a professional writer.a book in 2003.writer.Module 2
It was the early autumn of my first year at a junior high school, and my old
Sorry.He isn’t here I didn’t want my parents to
more.Module 3
Now, I want to answer your questions, but remember to the red light …
“How old are you?” the radio studio manager at WXBNModule 4
If the red light doesn’t If you don’t like the programme, Module 5
late!
But you shouldn’t use your —after all, your parents gave you that money.We copied it onto the computer and when we finished, we it the computer.If you tell him the truth, he’ll be angry with you, but you’ll prove how honest you are.And then one of us plays a solo of some Irish dance music starseach concert.he will realize that you’re truly sorry.Module 6
There’sIt’s an enjoyable film, although there’s too much fighting.Module 7
Module 8
Just before 12 o’clock, everyone from 10: 10, 9, 8…
cousins.They write down a list of things, such as “I will more at home….”When September comes, it starts to get cooler, so after we start classes.things, such as… Module 9
own.Could you tell him I’Module 10
you’d need to come back immediately.They don’t learn any life skills until they Revision B
第三篇:八年级下册英语知识点
初二(下)英语知识点总结
I.重点短语 1.on time 2.out of 3.all by oneself 4.lots of 5.no longer 6.get back 7.sooner or later 8.run away 9.eat up 10.take care of 11.turn off 12.turn on
13.after a while 14.make faces
15.teach oneself 16.fall off 17.play the piano 18.knock at 19.to one's surprise 20.look up 21.enjoy oneself 22.help yourself 23.tell a story / stories 24.leave....behind „„ 25.come along 26.hold a sports meeting 27.be neck and neck 28.as...as 29.not so / as...as 30.do one's best 31.take part in 32.a moment late 33.Bad luck!34.fall behind 35.high jump 36.long jump 37.relay race 38.well done!39.take off 40.as usual 41.a pair of 42.at once 43.hurry off
44.come to oneself 45.after a while 46.knock on 47.take care of 48.at the moment 49.set off
50.here and there 51.on watch 52.look out
53.take one’s place
II.重要句型
1.We’d better not do sth.2.leave one.oneself 3.find one’s way to a place 4.stand on one’s head 5.make sb.Happy 6.catch up with sb.7.pass on sth.to somebody 8.spend time doing sth.9.go on doing sth.10.get on well with sb.11.be angry with sb.12.be fed up with sth.13.not„until„
14.make room for sb.III.交际用语
1.We’re all by ourselves.2.I fell a little afraid.3.Don’t be afraid.4.Help!5.Can’t you hear anything? 6.I can’t hear anything / anybody there.7.Maybe it’s a tiger.8.Let’s get it back before they eat the food.9.Did she learn all by herself? 10.Could she swim when she was „years old? 11.She didn’t hurt herself.12.He couldn’t buy himself many nice things.13.Did he enjoy himself? 14.Help yourselves.15.Bad luck!16.Come on!17.Well done!Congratulations(to„)!18.It must be very interesting.19.I don’t think you’ll like it.20.It seems to be an interesting book.21.I’m sure(that)„ I’m not sure if„ I’m not sure what to„ 22.I hope so.23.What was he/she drawing when„? 24.I’m sorry to trouble you.25.Would you please„? 26.What were you doing at ten o’clock yesterday morning? 27.You look tired today.28.You’d better go to bed early tonight, if you can.29.How kind!30.Let’s move the bag, or it may cause an accident.31.It’s really nice of you.32.Don’t mention it.33.Don’t crowd around him.IV.重要语法
1.不定代词/副词的运用; 2.反身代词的用法; 3.并列句;
4.形容词和副词的比较等级; 5.冠词的用法;
6.动词的过去进行时; 【名师讲解】 1.bring/take
Bring表示“带来、拿来”,指从别处朝说话人所在或将在的地方“带来、拿来”。而take则表示“拿去、带走”,它表示的方向与bring相反,指从说话人所在地“拿走、带走”。如:
Bring me the book, please.把那本书给我拿来。
Take some food to the old man.给那位老人带去些食物。2.somebody/ anybody/nobody
一般说来,somebody用于定句,anybody用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句。例如: Somebody came to see you when you were out.你出来时有人来见你。Does anybody live on this island? 有人在这岛上住吗? I didn't see anybody there.我在那儿谁也没看见。
Don't let anybody in.I'm too busy to see anybody.别让任何人进来。我太忙,谁也不想见。
There is nobody in the room.房间里没人。
Nobody told me that you were ill, so I didn't know about it.谁也没告诉我你病了。所以我不知道。3.listen, listen to, hear
这三个词意思都是“听”,但是它们的用法不完全相同。它们的区别在于:
(1)listen 只用于不及物动词,后面接人或人物做宾语,着重于“倾听”,指的是有意识的动作,至于是否听到,并非强调的重点。如:
Listen!Someone is singing in the classroom.听!有人在教室唱歌。
(2)listen to 为listen的及物形式,后面一定要接人或物做宾语,这里的to是介词。如:
Do you like listening to light music?你喜欢听轻音乐吗?
(3)hear 可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词,意思是“听到、听见”,指用耳朵听到了某个声音,表示无意识的动作,着重于听的能力和结果。如:
We hear with our ears.我们用耳朵听。
She listens but hears nothing.她听了听,但是什么也没有听见。4.many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little(1)many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词;都表示许多。例如: He has many books.他有许多书。
He drank much milk.他喝了许多牛奶。
(2)a few和a little都表示“有一点儿”,侧重于肯定,相当于“some”,但a few修 饰可数名词,a little修饰不可数名词,例如:
He has a few friends in London.他在伦敦有一些朋友
Would you like some coffee? Yes, just a little.喝点咖啡好吗?好的,只要一点。
(3)few和little表示“几乎没有”,侧重否定。few后接可数名词,little后接不可数名词。例如:
He is a strange man.He has few words.他是个怪人,他几乎不说什么话。Hurry up, there is little time left.赶快,没什么时间了。
5.either/ neither/ both
either可作形容词,一般指“两者中的任何一个”。有时也可表示“两个都„„”的意思,后跟名词的单数形式;neither: 指两者中没有一个,全否定;both: 指两者都,肯定。句中可作主语、宾语和定语,both后面应跟名词的复数形式。如:
Neither of the films is good.两部电影都不好。(没有一部是好的)Either of the films is good.两部电影都不错。(谓语动词用单数)
Both the teachers often answer the questions.这两个老师都常常解答问题。6.take part in/join
take part in参加某种活动;join参加,加入某一政党或组织。例如: Can you take part in my party.你能来参加我的派对吗?
We often take part in many school activities.我们经常参加学校里的一些活动。He joined the party in 1963.他1963年入的党。
My little brother joined the army last year.我小弟去年参的军。7.quite/ rather/ very
(1)quite 表示程度“很,十分,完全地”,“相当”。如: She is quite right.她对极了。
That's not quite what I want.那并不完全是我所要的。
rather 表示程度上的“相当”,比预想地程度要大,通常用在不喜欢的情况下。如:It's rather cold today.今天的天气相当冷。(3)very表示程度“很,甚,极其,非常”,用于修饰形容词或副词,既可用在喜欢的情况下,也可用于不喜欢的情况下。应注意“a very +形容词+可数名词的单数”结构中,“a”应置于“very”之前,该结构相当“quite a/an +形容词+名词”的结构。如:
Two months is quite a long time./ a very long time.两个月是一段很长的时间。
It's a very nice day / quite a nice day.今天天气很好。
【考点扫描】
中考考点在本单元主要集中在: 1.不定代词/副词的运用; 2.反身代词的用法; 3.并列句;
4.形容词和副词的比较等级; 5.冠词的用法;
6.动词的过去进行时;
7.本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型; 8.本单元学过的日常交际用语。
考试形式可以是单项填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。【中考范例】
1.(2004年江西省中考试题)---I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.---Oh, I am sorry I ___________ dinner at my friend’s home.A.have B.had C.was having D.have had 【解析】答案:C。该提考查的是动词的时态。表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作应用过去进行时。
2.(2004年北京市中考试题)---Which is _________, the sun, the moon or the earth?---Of course the moon is.A.small B.smaller C.smallest D.the smallest 【解析】答案:D。该提考查的是形容词的比较等级。三者进行比较,其中最小的应用最高级,而形容词最高级之前必须加顶冠词the。3.(2004年河北省中考试题)Bob never does his homework _________ Mary.He makes lots of mistakes.A.so careful as B.as carefully as C.carefully as D.as careful as 【解析】答案:B。该提考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。空白处所缺的词是修饰动词短语does his homework的,应该用副词。另外,表示“某人做事不如某人细心”应用“not as carefully as”这样的结构。4.(2004年吉林省中考试题)---I like riding fast.It’s very exciting.---Oh!You mustn’t do it like that, ________ it may have an accident.A.and B.or C.so D.but 【解析】答案:B。该提考查的是连接并列句的并列连词的选择。And通常连接两个意思一致的并列句,so连接两个有因果关系的并列句,but连接两个有转折关系的并列句,or相当于if not意思是“否则”。
第四篇:八年级英语前半期工作总结
八年级(上)前半期英语教学工作总结
蒲窝中学:周春燕
半学期的时光转瞬即逝。在过去的时光中,有过辛酸,有过欢乐;有过彷徨,也有收获,在荆棘中坎坷而行。我较好地完成了前半期的教学工作。为了能在以后的工作中更好地发挥自己的优势,及时总结经验,吸取教训,总结前段工作如下:
首先,在思想政治方面,我忠诚党的领导,热爱党的教育事业,发扬奉献精神,严格执行教育方针,尽职尽责,教书育人;同时面向全体学生,热爱、尊重、了解和严格要求学生,不歧视、挖苦他们,循循善诱,诲人不倦;要求学生做到的,自己首先做到,以身作则,为人师表。认真参加政治学习,不断提高自身的政治素质。
其次,本人能够严格执行学校的作息时间,不早退,不迟到,按时上下班,从不因为个人问题耽误上课,出满勤,干满点,给学生做了极好的表率。
第三,在教育教学工作中,本人积极认真学习新教材,将教材、教法、学法尽可能完美地结合,积极、认真备好每一个教案,上好每一节课,充分发挥课堂40分钟的作用,尽可能减轻学生的课业负担,同时积极学习钻研名师、专家的教育、教学理论,探索适合班级的教育方法、教育模式。与此同时,向身边的有经验的教师学习,积极参加听课、评课活动,努力提高自己的教育理论水平;同时在业务上精益求精,积极探索多媒体、网络教学,拓宽教学新思路;与此同时,采用灵活多变的方法,调动学生的学习积极性,提高学生的学习成绩。
今年,我任教八年级1、2班的英语。经过一年的学习,大部分学生基本上会说简单的对话,看懂简单的英文读物,但部分学生基础很差,单词基本不会;他们的学习目的不明确,不爱学,他们不敢开口讲英语,更不懂英文写作;再加上本族语影响,这些学生要学好英语很不容易。英语是中学生的一门主课,无论是学校、家长还是学生都很重视它,但是不少学生觉得这门功课单调枯燥,学起来吃力,甚至有不少学生放弃了它。究其原因,是学生对英语学习的接触面小,说练机会少,以及他与中文的部分反差的诸多因素,使得学生对英语学习常常存在“厌、怕、弃”的不健康的心理。这使我不得不改进教学方法。
(一)、确立与新课程相适应的教育观念。
学生是学习的主体,老师不能代替学生读书,代替学生感知,代替学生观察、分析、思考,代替学生明白任何一个道理和掌握任何一条规律。老师只能让学生自己读书,自己感受事物,自己观察、分析、思考,从而明白任何一个道理和掌握任何一条规律。于是我改变“一言堂”,把课堂还给学生,形成师生交往、积极互动、共同发展的教学过程。
(二)、使学生明白学习目标。
要学好英语,首先要使学生认识到学这一语言的目的和意义。如果我们不懂英语,怎么去了解世界?如果我们不会说英语,也听不懂他们说什么,就无法与他们交流,沟通,更谈不上有商业交易了。只有学生自觉地把自己的理想与祖国的前途和命运联系起来,才会对英语学习真正感兴趣,这种兴趣也有可能转为学习英语的动力。因此我结合本地区学生的实际情况,通读和节选教材,围绕着最简单、最基本、最常用的英语词汇、句型、交际会话等进行教学,使学生对英语产生兴趣,形成学习动机。
(三)、努力建立融洽的师生关系。相对来说,初中生比小学生独立性强,自尊心也逐渐增强,渴望得到尊重。师生之间只有互相尊重,互相信任,才能建立起友好关系,从而促进学生学习的兴趣。所以我必须树立正确的学生观,正确认识学生的主体地位。我用自己满腔的爱去关心、尊重学生,耐心细致地指导学生,使自己成为学生欢迎和爱戴的人。上课时我是学生的老师,循循善诱和激发学生学习的积极性,大胆求异创新;课后我却成为他们的好朋友,无话不谈,亮起心灵之光;生活上,我是他们的父母,关怀备至。
(四)、严谨治学,保持良好的教态。
教师的教风直接影响学生的学风。驾驶的一言一行,无时无刻不在影响着学生。所以我提高自己的思想觉悟,做到爱岗敬业,学而不厌,诲人不倦,为人师表,治学严谨,还要保持良好的教态。老师的教学语言和教态对学生的学习有直接的影响。老师的教态好,学生就喜欢,他们听课的兴趣就高,接受知识也快。反之,学生就不喜欢,甚至讨厌。特别是正处于青春期的初中生,看问题开始有可独立的见解,对他们更要注意教态和教学语言的使用。如我介绍新句型时,我利用语言的轻重,语调的高低,和一定的动作表情,尽量引起学生的注意和兴趣。当学生回答问题时,我的表情变得自然亲切,使学生他们感到老师对他们的信任,这样学生就增添了勇气,就能大胆地回答问题。
(五)积极创造语言情景。
八年级英语这本教材充分吸收了国际上新的外语教学理念和实践经验,注重对学生综合语言能力的培养和训练,强调以学生为主体的有意义的语言实践活动,为教学营造了轻松愉快、积极向上的学习氛围。教材图文并茂,安排了大量生动有趣的活动内容,使英语学习变得容易而有趣。教材围绕着实用的话题,逐步开展教学内容和实践活动,符合中学生的年龄、心理特征和学习语言的规律。它强调运用任务型教学法把探究性学习引入外语学习中,使学生主动融入创造性的、有意义的整体语言学习中。所以我想方设法创设语言情景以激发学生的求知欲,从而提高他们的学习兴趣。在听与说中培养语言能力,在听与说中激发学生的热情和兴趣。不足之处:目前任务型教学法是新课程理念下的创新教学法中的最重要一种,它也是交际法的发展。教师是活动的设计者,组织者,学生是交际者。在课堂上我总怕学生吃不饱,不知不觉地讲多了,没有给学生思考的空间;知识传授比重大,语言实践不足等等。今后我积极加强自身的课程改革理论学习,转变教育理念,建立以学生为本的教育观念,树立活动教学观,争取做一名具有现代素养的人民教师。
第四,成绩方面:经过努力,学习成绩有所提高。当然,成绩的取得,离不开同学们的努力,更离不开领导的指导和各位同事的支持。无论成绩高低,都体现了我在这学期的教学成果。我明白到这并不是最重要的,重要的是今后如何自我提高,如何共同提高两班的英语水平。因此,无论怎样辛苦,我都会继续努力,多问,多想,多学习,争取进步。
第五,自我提高与教科研。
本学期我努力学习英语教育教学理论和新课程理念,经常自觉参加各项学习与培训,收到了较好的效果,使自己的业务水平有所提高。
总之,本人在过去的半学期中,有过收获,也有失落。“路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索。”我将继续努力,力争佳绩。
第五篇:冀教版八年级英语下册知识点总结
八年级英语下册
第一单元
1.be scared of sb./sth./doing sth.恐惧某人/某物/做某事
2.go up 上升,与rise 同义,与go down 或set 相反
3.make a noise 发出声响,吵闹
4.arrive in 到达,表示到达某一城市、国家等大地方时,用介词in;表示到达某一村庄、车站等小地方时,用介词at ;到达的地方用副词表示时,可不用介词。5.not„until„直到„„才„„
6.see sb.doing sth„看见某人正在做某事
7.go cycling 相当于 go to ride a bike ,意思是去骑车。
8.hit sb.on the head 表示“打某人的头”,表示的“打某人的脸”要用hit sb.in the face。
9.turn around 转身 10.fall off 摔下来 11.give sb.a push 推某人一下
12.help sb.do sth.= help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事
13.get off 从„„下来,通常指下火车、巴士、轮船、飞机等。
14.think about 思考、想起、想到(某人或某事)
15.all day 一整天
16.one by one 一个接一个地,类似有year by year 一年又一年;day by day 一天又一天。
17.hold on 有两个意思,一个是“(电话)不挂断”;一个是“抓紧”。18.come down 下来
19.What’s the weather like ?=How is the weather?天气怎么样
20.on the radio 通过收音机
21the same as和..一样。反义短语:be different from 22What’s the date today?今天几号?What day is it today?今天星期几?What’s the temperature? 23.maybe(句首)=perhaps(句首)=may be(句中)24.the difference between...and....两者之间的不同之处
25.thank you for doing sth.感谢做某事 26.表示建议:let’s do.......;Shall we do.....;How/What about doing...;Why not do...,You ’better do..;Would you please do sth....? 27.Why don’t you do sth.=Why not do sth.为什么不做.....?
28.Would you please(not)/do sth请某人做(不要做)某事好吗?
29.You’d better(not)do sth最好做(不要做)某事好吗?
30.on the playground在操场上
31.This is the+基数词+主语+have/has +p.p这是某人第几次做....32.make a loud noise发出很大声响 33wake up:醒来;wake....up:叫醒
第二单元
1.grow into 长成„„
2.pass sb.sh.= pass sth.to sb.递给某人某物
3.billions of 数十亿的,hundred, thousand, million , billion等词前面有具体数字时,其本身用单数形式,直接修饰名词;表示一个笼统的概念时,这些词用复数形式,而且常与介词of连用修饰名词。
4.look after = take care of 照顾,照料。Look after...well=take good care of仔细照顾
5.be full of 满,充满=be filled with 6.be made of/from由„„制成,be made of 表示在制成的过程中,原材料没有发生质的变化;be made from 表示在制成的过程中,原材料发生质的变化。be made by 被(某人)制造;be made in 在(某地)制造
7.carry away 把„„搬(移)走
8.on the tree=on trees 在树上,指的是树上本身的东西,即长在树上;
in the tree=in trees 也表示在树上,但它所指的是外来的东西,不是树本身的东西。
9.make „into 把„„制成„„
10.half of „„中的一半,当of后面是不可数名词或单数时,谓语用单数,如果half of 后边所接的是可数名词的复数,那么谓语用复数。11.look like 看起来像
12.use „ to do sth.用„„来做„„,其中to do sth.表示目的和用途。
13.put „ outside /on /into„把„„放在„„的外边/上面/里面
14.turn into 变成;turn„into„ 把„„变成„„
15.cover.....with....用....覆盖;be covered with 被覆盖
16.What is....for?....是做什么用的?
17.feed....to sb./sth.把.喂给某人/某物;feed sb.on/with sth.用„喂养 18.in the shade: 20.have nothing to do:无事可做
第三单元
1.play with与„„一起玩;拿„„来玩 2.slow down 慢下来
3.come from = be from 来自
4.all kinds of 各种各样的 ; different kinds of 不同种类的; a kind of 一种 5.protect sb./sth.against/ from sth.保护、保卫某人/某事物不受„„的侵害。6.go extinct 灭绝
7.stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(在主动语态中from可以省略,在被动语态中from不可以省略)
8.make friends with 与„„交朋友 9.take photos of „给某人照相 10.wake up 醒来
11.have a good day 玩的愉快
12.play a joke on „开某人的玩笑,戏弄某人;have a joke with sb.与某人一起以某事取笑;make a joke about/of sb./sth.拿某人(某事)开玩笑
13.stand still 一动不动地站着
14.get out of 除外走动;get out of sth./doing sth.逃避(责任或义务),不做份内的事,(使某人)放弃、停止或戒除(习惯等)
15.be famous / well-known for 以„„著名,以„„闻名; be famous as 著名的„„
16.get/be married 结婚,get/be married to sb.和某人结婚
二、词语辨析
1.through ,across穿过
through 指“从里面(中心)穿过”,其含义与in有关,尤指森林、人群等。across 指“从表面通过”,其含义与on有关
2.nearly , almost 几乎,差不多
almost 表达的程度比nearly更接近一些。
nearly不能用于修饰否定词,但可被not修饰。3.above , over 在„„上方
above 是介词,表“在„„上方”,“比„„还高”,与below相反。
over 也有“在„„上方”的意思,但是它着重指正上方,或盖在上面的意思,而above 并不强调在正上方
第四单元
1.look into 研究,调查
2.do an experiment 做一个试验
3.fill/cover with用„„把„„装满/盖住;fill in 填上
4.upside down 向下翻转过来 5.right side up 正面朝上 6.turn over 使„„翻转
7.in front of 在„„前面(在范围外);in the front of 在„„前面(在范围内)8.on top of 在顶端
9.take sth.off sth.使某物离开或脱离(一表面或边缘);take off(指飞机等)起飞,匆忙离去;take sth.off(从身上)除掉、脱下(衣物等)10.be ready for 准备 11.take away 取走
12.be surprised(at)使惊奇 to one’s surprise令某人惊奇的是, in surprise 13.a spoonful of 一匙
14.dissolve in 溶化,溶解 15.half full of „一半 16.use up 用光,用完
17.adj+enough to do sth.足够„„做某事
二、辨析
1.find , look for , hunt 找
find 强调找的结果,意为“找到” look for 强调动作过程,“寻找”
hunt, hunt for sb.sth.意思寻找,寻找某人某物,与look for 同义。
第五单元
1.go to...on foot=walk to...:步行去...2.Of course.=Sure.=Certainly:当然!3.take a ship:坐轮船
4.a new type of :一种新型的...5.high-speed trains:高速列车 6.in large numbers:大量的 7.had better+动词原形:最好...否定:had better not+动原
8.in a hurry:匆忙与hurry to do sth 9.make presentation:发言;演讲 10.glue sth onto...:把某物粘到...上 11.at the front of:在...前面(强调平面空间)in the front of强调立体空间。12.get+形容词=be+形容词:变得...13.in the future:在将来
14.send sb from one place to another place:把某人从一个地方送到另一个地方
15.learn about:学习关于...think about:思考;考虑
16.present sth to:向...展示某物
第六单元 1.connect to:连接到...2.hear from sb=get/receive/have a letter from sb.收到某人的来信,hear of 听说 3.in small groups:在小群体中 4.in a short time:在短时间内
5.thousands of:数以千计的 hundreds of:数以百计的
6.answer the phone:接电话
7.right now=at once:立刻;马上;现在 8.take a message for sb:给某人留口信 9.wait a moment:等一下
10.chat on the Internet:网上聊天 11.millions of:成千上万的
12.get/buy sth for sb:为某人买某物 13.fail to do sth:,(未能做某事)fail in dong sth, 做某事失败succeed in doing sth,做某事成功
14.feel like doing sth.=want to do sth:=would like to do sth.想要做某事
第七单元 1.be abroad:在国外 go abroad:出国 2.pen pal:笔友
3.travel around the world:环游世界 4.four main oceans:四大洋 5.give a report:作报告 6.at the end=finally:最后 7.keep doing sth:一直做某事 8.look up:查找
第八单元
1.pick up:捡起 2.clean up:清理
3.finish doing sth:做完某事 4.throw away:扔掉;乱丢
5.reusable bags:可重复使用的袋子 6.give prizes:颁奖
7.leaking toilet:卫生间渗漏 8.make into:制作成 9.worry about:担心
10.try not to do:试着不要做
11.make the most pollution:造成最大的污染
12.make less pollution:减少污染 13.the next day:第二天 14.take a walk:散步 15.sort into:分类成
16.make out of:用...制造