第一篇：八年级英语下册知识点总结(1-3单元)
八年级英语下册知识点总结(1-3单元)
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、基础知识
1.What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?
【解析】matter/ ' mætə(r))/n.问题;事情
What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了?
【注】： matter 和trouble 为名词，其前可加the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是adj.不能加the
【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with连用。即：
What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?
— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.2.I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒
have a fever 发烧 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼
3.身体部位+ache(疼痛)构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4.much too+ 形容词，意为 太......，too much+名词，意为 很多，大量。
5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足够好，enough money=much money
6.lie down躺下，lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay;lie说谎，过去式lied
7.maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry.sound like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.9.need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物;
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.10.get off(the bus)下(公交车)get on 上车
11.agree 同意，赞同;
agree with sth.同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.agree to sb.同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei.12.trouble问题，麻烦;be in trouble遇到麻烦，make trouble 制造麻烦，have trouble(in)doing sth.=have difficulties(in)doing sth做......有麻烦。
13.right away=right now=at once，意为 马上。
14.advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见，give sb.advice on sth.就某事给某人建议;advise [动词] advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事
advise sb.doing sth.【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼
当exercise意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加s
当exercise意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加s
16.hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising.不及物动词，……(部位)疼。His leg hurt badly.clean 【动词】打扫，clean the classroom打扫教室，【形容词】 干净的，cleaner意为 清洁工。
18.hit(用手或器具)打;击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb.on the head/ nose/ back打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on用在所打较硬的部位;
hit sb.in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打较软的部位。
be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态;His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.get/ become used to sth./ doing sth.“变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作：
It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.20.【复习】free [形容词]空闲的free time;免费的the drink is for free;自由的I want to become a free bird.free【动词】使……解脱，得到自由：He could not free his arm.run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.物sth.run out.某物用尽了。
人sb.run out of sth.人用尽了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22.risk(sb.)to do sth.冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险
23.the importance of(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of(learning)English.importance n.重要(性)，important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的 decision 【名词】决定;抉择;make a decision 做决定;
make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth.。
25.be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中
26.【复习】mind意为 介意，mind doing sth.介意做某事 ，Would you mind my opening the window?
27.give up(doing)sth.放弃(做)某事，give up(playing)computer games;
give up后可接名词、代词和动词ing形式，也可不接，如: Never give up easily.二、重点语法
【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
数 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
【用法】
1.可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。
如：Maria bought herself a scarf.We must look after ourselves very well.2.可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如： She isn’t quite herself today.3.可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。
如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow.I met the writer himself last week.4.用在某些固定短语当中。
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth.by oneself自学
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快
help oneself to sth 请自用……(随便吃/喝些……).hurt oneself摔伤自己
say to oneself自言自语
leave sb.by oneself把某人单独留下
buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西
introduce oneself 介绍……自己
【提醒】
1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。
(误)Myself can finish my homework.(正)I myself can finish my homework./ I can finish my homework myself.2.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的(东西)”时，须要用one’s own.如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。(误)I’m drawing with myself crayons.(正)I’m drawing with my own crayons.Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
一、基本知识点
1.sick 生病的，有病的;可在句中作表语Mary could not come because she is sick.也可作定语a sick child
【区别ill】ill与sick同义;但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Mary could not come because she is ill.2.cheer(sb.)up(让某人)变得高兴;振奋起来The good news cheered up everyone in our class.3.give out分发;散发，相当于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.give sth.out to sb.意为 把某物分发给某人。
4.volunteer 【名词】志愿者 【动词】义务做，自愿做(某事)volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事，The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.5.used to do sth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。
There used to be a cinema here.这里曾有一个照相机。
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他们告诉我关于这里过去的故事。
6.alone 【形容词】独自一人的，无感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.lonely(感到)孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感情色彩，可做表语或定语。The lonely boy is not lonely now.7.care for sb./sth.照顾;照料……
care 【名词】小心，关心take care of=look after →【动词】care about sb./sth.关心，在意某人/事
→【形容词】careful 仔细的 / careless 粗心的 →【副词】carefully 仔细地
8.such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词
such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比赛
such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions 多么重要的建议 such delicious food 多么美味的食物
如果名词前被many, much, few, little修饰时，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time
9.try out for…参加…选拔，争取成为…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.try out试用，试验
10.journey 【名词】(尤指长途)旅行，行程;trip【名词】多指短途旅行;
travel【名词、动词】travel around the world →【名词】traveler旅行者
11.【复习】be busy with sth.忙于(做)什么事情 be busy doing sth.忙于(做)什么事情
12.【复习】try doing sth.试着去做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 try one’s best(to do sth.)尽某人最大的努力去做某事
13.【复习】be worried about sb./ sth.= worry about sb./ sth.担心某人、某事
14.raise money集资，筹钱;raise money for…为……筹钱
raise【动词】举起;提高;募集
15.keep【动词】keep+名词，保留(某物);keep+形容词，保持
16.【形容词】broken破损的，出毛病的;blind瞎的，失明的;deaf聋的;disabled有残疾的，丧失能力的;在句中做定语和表语。
make it possible(for sb.)to do sth.使(某人)做某事成为可能，You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.make it +形容词(+for sb.)to do sth.使(某人)做某事成为…;
think/find it +形容词to do sth.18.make a difference to…对……有影响;对……有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修饰，如
The rain made no difference to the game.Hard-working makes much difference to study.19.difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数;表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数;
have difficulty(in)doing sth.= have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难
20.train【动词】训练，trained为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”a trained dog
21.be excited about sth.对某事感到兴奋，Everyone is excited about the good news.【复习】excited意为 兴奋的，修饰人;exciting意为 令人兴奋/激动的，修饰物。
22.order【名词】命令，指示;顺序，次序【动词】订购;点(菜)follow the order。
23.change【动词】变化，改变It’s hard for a person to change his life(style).【名词】变化;零钱
change A for B用A换成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.repair 【动词】修理，修补;fix【动词】安装;使固定 【fix up修理=repair】
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗?
Could you please do sth ?请你(做)......好吗? 用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。
Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I can’t2、take out 取出(v+ adv)
【注】: 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间;跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边
His teeth hurt badly.The dentist take them out.【短语】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走
take back 收回 take place 发生 take off 脱下;起飞
3.Can you do the dishes.?那你可以洗盘子吗?
do the dishes 洗碗
【结构1】do the +名词： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服
【结构2】do the +动词-ing do the cleaning 打扫卫生
【结构3】do one’s + 名词 do one’s housework/ homework 做家务/家庭作业
【结构4】do some +动词-ing do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物
Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗?
1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做......吗?
用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?
2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至少，不超过
Now all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school.3】finish v 结束;完成 finish doing sth 做完某事
— Can you finish __reading__ these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。
1】two hours of TV 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
How time is flies!Three years __is_____(be)really a short time.足够的，充分的(在句中作定语或表语)
【解析2】enough I don’t have enough money with me.足够;充分(放在形容词;副词后)The river is deep enough for swimming.【记】 Mr.Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前;修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。
6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?
你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗?
【解析】take out 拿出;取出
take 的用法：
Please take some books to the classroom.Take this medicine three times a day.take
They usually take the bus to work.It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.【拓展】take 构成的短语：
take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下;起飞 take up 占据 take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急;慢慢来 take one’s temperature 量体温
7.The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。
【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一......就......” Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front of
指在物体外部的前面
There is a bike in front of the classroom.【辨析】
指在物体内部的前面
Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom
【记】 The driver sat _____in the front of___________ the car.The policeman stood ___in front of________ the car.【注意】有the无the区别大：
at table 吃饭;进餐 in hospital 住院
at the tabel 在桌边 in the hospital 在医院(不一定看病)
【解析3】come over 过来
【拓展】 come 短语：
come across(偶然)发现 come back 回来 come up with想出
come true实现 come down下来 come from=be from来自,出生于
come in/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come along走吧,过来,快点
come and go来来去去 come up上来 come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来
7.You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务!
all the time = always 一直;总是
8.I’m just as tired as you are!我和你一样累!【解析】as...as...和......一样......9.For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。
【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人(主语)也不”
⑴ neither两者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student
⑵ 表达“…也不……” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad.— Neither was the second.10.The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。
【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语
【注】find → found →found v寻找
(1)find sb.doing sth 发现某人做某事
(2)find it + adj.+ to do sth 发现做某事很……
◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself.11.She asked in surprise.她吃惊地问道。
【解析】in surprise 惊奇地;吃惊地
surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj.令人吃惊的 →surprised adj.吃惊的
to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对……感到吃惊
To my surprise_(使我吃惊的是)，he got the first prize in the exam.12.“ I’m do sorry, Mom.I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.“对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。” 我回答说。
【解析1】need v 需要
用于肯定句，是实义动词。
(1)人做主语，sb.need to do sth 某人需要做某事
(2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done
①Students need ___to have_______(have)a good rest in studying.②The watch needs__mending___(mend).用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词
(1)needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要
(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t
— Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t
【解析2】share 分享;共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb.与某人分享某物
(All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match.13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗?
【解析】hang out 闲逛 hang up 把......悬挂/挂起
14.Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗?
【解析】pass ⑴v 给;递;走过;通过 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某 Pass on 传递
Please pass the paper on to the other students.⑵ v 通过;路过 I pass your home.⑶ v 通过(考试);及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15.Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗、Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗?
【解析】borrow /lend/keep
(1)borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】
borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,与to 搭配 【指借出去】
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存(延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用)【指借一段时间】
【记】 I want to __borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me，because Tom had _kept____ it for two days.16.I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。
【解析】try(not)to do sth努力(不)做某事。
try v 试图，设法，努力
【拓展】(1)try on 试穿
(2)try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
(3)try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
17.I hate to do chores.我讨厌做家务。
hate to do sth 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smoking in her room.18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then?
那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗?
【解析】ask sb.to do sth 要求某人做某事。
ask for 请求，要某物
ask sb.about sth 向某人询问关于某事
(1)ask sb.for help 向某人请求帮助
(2)ask sb.(not)to do sth请求某人做某事
ask构成的短语：
短语 含义
ask sb.to do sth 请某人做某事
ask sb.not to do sth 不让某人做某事
ask sb for sth 向某人要某物
ask for help 寻求帮助
19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的家庭作业。
【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事
— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? — Yes, I can.【解析2】while conj.“在……期间;当……的时候”
While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。
_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.【解析3】help sb.with sth.在某事上帮助某人。
【注】help v 帮助 → helpful adj.有帮助的
(1)help sb.do sth.=help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事
(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的帮助之下
(3)without the help of 没有在…的帮助之下
①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.20.Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗?
【解析】invite sb.to Sp.邀请某人去某地
【解析】invite v → invitation n邀请
(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀请某人做某事
(2)invite sb.to +地点 邀请某人去某地
21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。
【解析】make sb.do sth 让某人做某事
make → made →made v.做，制作，使得
(1)make sb/sth + 形容词 “让某人或某物…” make you happy
(2)make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep.22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too.他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务。
【解析】have time to do sth.有时间做某事
have time =be free 有空
23.Housework is a waste of their time.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。
【解析】a waste of 浪费 a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱
waste v “浪费”
waste time/money on sth waste time / money(in)doing sth 在做某事上花费时间/金钱
Don’t ____waste______water.Can’t you see the sign “save water”?
24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and
get into a good university.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。
【解析1】spend...on sth 在某事上花费......spend/pay/cost/take 花费
(1)spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人
◆ sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth ◆sb.+spend +时间/钱+(in)doing sth
◆spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.My father __spent___ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.(2)pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人
◆sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.— How much did you __pay__ for this computer? — Five hundred dollars.(3)cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb.+钱 某物花费某人多少钱
A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend.It ___cost_ me 120 yuan.(4)take→took → taken v 花费
◆It takes /took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间
It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.【解析2】in order to “目的是;为了” 后接动词原形。in order to do sth 为了做某事
He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting.【解析3】get into =enter 进入
【拓展】与get相关的短语：
get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服
get dressed穿衣 get into进入 get/be lost丢失 get off/on下/上车
get on well with sb.与某人相处得好 get out of从…出来 get warm 变暧
get ready for +n.为…做准备 get ready to do sth.准备做某事
get well康复 get a chance 有机会、得到机会
get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相关：(be asleep睡着)
25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now.而且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在在做。
【解析】get older 长大
get/ become/ go辨析：
⑴ get+adj较多地与形容词比较级连用。The days are getting longer and longer.⑵ become 强调变化的结果 It's becoming colder and colder.⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad变坏，go blind变瞎，go hungry挨饿
26.It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。
【解析】provide sth.for sb.为某人提供某物
provide v 提供
provide sb.with sth.(sb 前介词用for)=provide sth for sb.(sth 前需加介词with)供应某人某物
相当于：offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.provide 为应急等做好准备而“提供;供给” provide sb.with sth.=provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer 侧重表示“愿意给予” offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.对某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事
supply 定期“供应” , 强调替代或补充所需物品 Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.为某人提供某物
①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need.② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure.27.And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。
【解析】anyway 无论如何,(一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开)
28.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做杂务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。
【解析】It is important for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是重要的
29.Children these days depend on their parents too much.现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。
【解析】depend on 依靠;信赖
—— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather.30....Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。
【解析1】 do one’s part 尽职责;尽本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上尽职责
【解析2】keep +sth /sb.+adj.“使......处于某种状态”
Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__.keep 系动词 “保持” keep + adj.We must keep healthy.实义动词 “保持;继续”
(1)keep(on)doing sth 继续做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working
He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class.(2)keep sb.Doing sth 让某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon.31.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教 他们如何照顾自己。
【解析】develop independence 培养独立意识
develop v→development n 发展→developing adj.发展的→developed adj.发达的 a developing country 一个发展中国家a developed country 一个发达国家 China is a __developing___country.32.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里，他们应该知道保持家里干净、整洁每个人都应该参与。
【解析】since conj.既然(表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首)
.—You have been in Neijiang very long? —Yeah.__Since___my parents came here.33.Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself.我们邻居的儿子上一所好大学，但是在第一年的时候，他还不知道如何照顾自己。
take care of 照顾Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go.I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home.【拓展】与take相关的短语：
take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出)take care当心 take a walk散步
take medicine服药 take place发生take one’s temperature量体温 take one’s time别着急
34.As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped.结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。
【解析1】as a result 结果(插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开)
Don’t ask him too late into the night, __As a result___ , he is only a small child.【解析2】fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡
35.The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。
【解析】the + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越......越......”
The more you smile, the ___ happier____ you will feel.
第二篇：英语八年级下册第三单元知识点总结
Unit 3.Could you please clean your room?
一、短语动词
1、take out 带出去；取出；拔出；除掉 动副词组
代词作宾语时必须放在两词之间。
2、come over 固定短语
过来，顺便来访，拜访。后面加介词to，后接表示地点的名词作宾语。拓展：take out of 把---从---取出/带出
3、hang →hung→hung
hang out 闲逛；溜达。
4、throw down扔下；随手丢下
其中throw可用作及物或不及物动词，意为扔，掷→threw→thrown 拓展：throw at向----扔去（带有攻击性）throw to 扔给---（不含恶意）throw away扔掉 SectionB
1、take care of 照顾；照料。相当于 look after后可接名词、(反身）代词作宾语。Take good care of相当于look after well
2、二、动词用法
1、finish 及物动词 完成后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语。拓展：与finish一样用法的动词或动词短语有：enjoy/look forward to/mind/have fun/practice/be busy/consider/feel like/give up
2、pass用作及物动词
给；递； pass sb sth =pass sth to sb把某物递给某人。
走过、通过（考试等）
作不及物动词，（时间）过去，流逝
3、borrow sth from sb向某人借某物。
非延续性动词
Lend(lent;lent)sb sth=lend sth to sb借给某人某物。非延续性动词
Keep 由“保存”引申为“借”，延续性动词，可与时间段连用。四川-----Excuse me,can I_____your pen?-----sorry,I have_____it to Bob.A.borrow;lend B.borrow;borrowed C.lend;borrowed D.lend;lent
4、hate及物动词
厌恶；讨厌，表示一种感情或心理状态，不能用于进行时态。
Hate sb/sth不喜欢某人或某物
Hate to do/doing sth 厌恶做某事（某一次或经常性的）相当于like的用法。
SectionB
1、invite及物动词
邀请
名词invitation 邀请；请帖。
Invite sb to +地点名词。邀请某人到某地。
Invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事。
2、make sb do sth 让某人做某事。
3、动词辨析：
单词
主语
常用结构
含义 Spend(spent)
人
sb spend time/money on sth
Sb spend time/money doing sth Pay(paid)
人
sb pay money for sth Cost(cost)
物
sth cost sb some money Take(took)
it作形式主语 it takes sb some time to do sth 四川：-----I_________a lot of time palying computer games everyday.----oh,boy.it’s bad for your eyes.A.spend B.takes C.pay
4、provide sth for sb =provide sb with sth给某人提供某物
Offer sb sth =offer sth to sb主动给某人提供某物
Offer to do sth 主动提出做某事。
5、depend on依靠；依赖 independent独立的 independence独立性
6、develop作及物动词或不及物动词
发展；壮大。Development发展。
Developed/developing 前者是发达的后者是发展中的。
7、Have no idea 相当于don't know
不知道、drop（dropped）→dropping
（1）drop意为“丢失或落下”时，既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词。如：
She was scared and dropped the cup.她吓坏了，丢落了茶杯。
The glass dropped from her hand.玻璃从她的手中掉了下来。
（2）drop作动词还有“（价格）下降；放弃”的意思，如：
The price of the rice has dropped.大米的价格已经降下来了。
Don't drop math.别放弃数学。
（3）drop也可作名词，表示“滴”，如：
A drop of rain fell on my face.一滴雨落在我的脸上。
（4）drop还可指“下跌；落下的距离”，如：
There was a sudden drop in the temperature yesterday.昨天气温大幅下降。
拓展：drop behind 落后 drop in/by偶然拜访
eye drops 眼药水 a drop in the ocean沧海一粟
Drop out of school辍学
三、名词
1、rubbish 不可数名词
垃圾，废弃物
2、mess名词
杂乱；不整洁。常用短语：in a mess 乱七八糟
3、chores
家务
可数名词
Housework（homework）家务
不可数名词 SectionB
1、stress不可数名词，精神压力；心理负担。
Under the stress of 在---压力之下。
2、waste 名词
浪费
a waste of time 浪费时间
不可数名词
废物；垃圾；浪费
作形容词
无用的；废弃的；丢弃的。
作及物动词
浪费
四、形容词
五、副词
SectionB
1、anyway 副词
而且；加之。
The coat is too expensive and anyway I don’t like the color.还可意为“不管怎样，无论如何，即使这样。
Anyway ,it’s worth trying.The water was cold but he took a shower anyway.六、介词短语
1、in front of在---面前；是指在一定范围外。
in the front of 在----前部，是指在一定范围内。广东中考----why are you standing,Alice?-----I can’t see the blackboard clearly.two tall boys are sitting_________me.A.behind B.next to C.between D.in front of
2、in surprise 惊讶地；惊奇地，常用作状语。
拓展：to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是，常放在句首，作状语。
sectionB
1、in order to目的是；为了 后接动词原形，引导目的状语。位置可放在句首，也可放在句中。否定为：in order not to do.In order that 后面接从句，表示目的，从句中常含有情态动词。广东：in order _______for the meeting,my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.A.not to be late B.not being late C.to be late D.being late
3、as a result 结果；因此
拓展：as a result of 由于----；作为------的结果。
七、连词
1、the minute意为“一----就----”引导时间状语从句，其后省略了引导词that相当于the moment或as soon as（通常情况下主从句时态要一致。但若主句用一般将来时，从句则要用一般现在时表将来。）哈尔滨：boys and girls,calm down and focus on the test paper____you begin to think about the answers.Be confident.you can do it.A.as if B.as soon as C.although
2、when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点，也可指一段时间； while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
②when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生；while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。
③由when引导的时间状语从句，主句用过去进行时，从句应用一般过去时；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用过去进行时的时候，多用while引导，如： a.When the teacher came in, we were talking.当此句改变主从句的位置时，则为：
While we were talking, the teacher came in.b.They were singing while we were dancing.SectionB
1、since 由于；因为；既然，引导原因状语从句，通常放在句首。
还可引导时间状语从句，自---以来。一般用在完成时当中。
八、特殊句型
1、as---as---与---一样，用于同级比较。第一个as为副词，后跟形容词或副词的原级；第二个为连词，引导比较状语从句。
否定形式：not as/so---as---,不如----
2、neither+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语
----也不。
这是一个倒装句，表示上句否定的情况也同样适合后者。
So+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语
----也是。
这是一个倒装句，表示上句肯定的情况也同样适合后者。
拓展：neither+主语+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词
----的确不是这样。（表示说话者同意上文中说话者的否定观点。）
So+主语+连系动词be/助动词/情态动词
-----的确是这样。
表示说话者同意上述说话者说出的观点。
福建----last night I didn't watch the TV show。A Bite of China 2
-----_______did I.I was preparing for today’s test then.A.So B.Either C.Neither SectionB
1、do one’s part in(doing)sth 尽某人的职责做某事。
2、The+比较级，the+比较级
表示越----，就越-----
比较级+比较级
表示越来越------贵州：__________children there are in a family,________their life will be.A.the less;the better B.The fewer;the better C.Fewer;richer D.More;poorer
九、语法专项 1.can 的用法：
（1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may 和must 均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I can’t.她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。
（2）.表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。
（3）.表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t 译为“ 不可能”。—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？—No, it can’t be our teacher.He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。2.could的用法：
（1）.can的过去式，意为“ 能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10.他十岁时就会写诗。
（2）.could在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时 could 没有过去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗？—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗? —Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）
—________ you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number.—Sure.Here it is.A.Can B.Need C.Might D.Must The man in the office___be Mr.Black, because he went home just now.A.mustn’t B.may not C.can’t D.needn’t —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't.You____read it only here.A.Must;can B.May;can C.Need;must D.Must;must
第三篇：新版八年级英语下册第三单元知识点归纳
新版八年级英语下册第三单元知识点归纳
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
一、Peter ,could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？----sure,mom.Could you please do sth ?请你（做）......好吗？ 用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。
Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I can’t
2、take out 取出（v+ adv）
【注】: 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边 take 有关的短语: take out 带出去,取出
Please take out a piece of paper.请拿出一张纸。
Please take it out.请把它拿出来。take...out “把„„带出去”
My father is taking me out to go for a drive.我爸爸要带我出去开车。(1)take off 脱下；（飞机）起飞
----Please take off your coat（外套）, It’s warm here.---The plane took off at 9:00 am.【短语】take out the trash/rubbish 倒垃圾 take away 拿走，取走
take back 收回 take place 发生 take off 脱下； 起飞
（2）take „to „把...带到...(3)take sb.for a walk 带某人去散步 take a walk 散步（4）take exercise 运动，锻炼（5）take one’s time 不用急，慢慢来（6）take a bus(ship/train)乘坐公共汽车（7）take turns 轮流，替换（8）It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间 3.Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？
do the dishes 洗碗
【结构1】do the +名词： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服
【结构2】do the +动词-ing do the cleaning 打扫卫生
【结构3】do one’s + 名词 do one’s housework/ homework 做家务/家庭作业
【结构4】do some +动词-ing do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物 4.could you please help out with a few things? help out动词短语，表示在某人繁忙或 遇到困难时“给予帮助”。
help和out之间还可以加入具体的“人”。
e.g.He helped me out with my task.他帮我完成了任务。
They helped(us)out with the clean-up.他们帮助我们做大扫除。
5.Because Mom will back from shopping any minute now.因为妈妈马上回来购物。
6.any minute now 一种常见的口语表达法，相当于“随时；马上；在任何时刻”的意思，e.g.Don’t worry, he will come here any minute now.别担心, 他会马上来这儿。7.Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？ 1】Could I do sth? 我可以做......吗？
用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend? 2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至多 3】finish v 结束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事
eg— Can you finish reading these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。1】two hours of TV 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
How time is flies!Three yearsisreally a short time.时光飞逝！三年真的是短暂的时光。【解析1】enough 足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）
I don’t have enough money with me.我没有足够的钱。【解析2】足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后）
The river is deep enough for swimming.这条河够深，可以游泳。
【记】 Mr.Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.史米斯先生有足够的钱，但他不够好心帮助别人
【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。
6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes? 你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？ 【解析】take out 拿出；取出 take 的用法：
Please take some books to the classroom.请带一些书到教室去。
Take this medicine three times a day.这药一天服三次。They usually take the bus to work.他们通常乘公共汽车去上班。
It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.我每天花两个小时做作业。短语 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下；起飞 take up 占据
take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢来 take one’s temperature 量体温 7.The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。
【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一......就......”
Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front of指在物体外部的前面
There is a bike in front of the classroom.教室前面有一辆自行车。指在物体内部的前面
Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 我们的老师正站在教室的前面 【记】 The driver sat _in the front of_ the car.The policeman stood ___in front of_ the car.【注意】有the无the区别大：
at table 吃饭；进餐 in hospital 住院
at the tabel 在桌边 in the hospital 在医院（不一定看病）【解析3】come over 过来
【拓展】 come 短语：
come across（偶然）发现 come back 回来 come up with想出 come true实现 come down下来 come from=be from来自,出生于 come in/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come along走吧,过来,快点 come and go来来去去 come up上来 come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来 7.You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！
all the time = always 一直；总是
8.I’m just as tired as you are!我和你一样累！【解析】as...as...和......一样......9.For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。
【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人（主语）也不” ⑴ neither两者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定 Neither Tom nor Jim is a student ⑵ 表达“…也不……” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad.— Neither was the second.第一个并不坏。-第二个也不是。10.The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语 【注】find → found →found v寻找
(1)find sb.doing sth 发现某人做某事
(2)find it + adj.+ to do sth 发现做某事很……
◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself.她发现自己很难完成这项工作。
11.She asked in surprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地
surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj.令人吃惊的 →surprised adj.吃惊的
to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对……感到吃惊 To my surprise_(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.12.“ I’m so sorry, Mom.I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.“对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。” 我回答说。
【解析1】need v 需要 用于肯定句，是实义动词。
(1)人做主语，sb.need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done ①Students need ___to have_(have)a good rest in studying.②The watch needs__mending___(mend).手表需要修。用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词(1)needn’t = don’t have to 没有必要
(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用needn’t
— Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t
【解析2】share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb.与某人分享某物(All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match.13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？
【解析】hang out 闲逛 hang up 把......悬挂/挂起 14.Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？
【解析】pass ⑴v 给；递；走过；通过 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某 Pass on 传递 Please pass the paper on to the other students.⑵ v 通过；路过 I pass your home.⑶ v 通过（考试）；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15.Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗、Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗？ 【解析】borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】
borrow sth from sb.从某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,与to 搭配 【指借出去】
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】 【记】 I want to _borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me, because Tom had _kept____ it for two days.16.I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。
【解析】try(not)to do sth努力（不）做某事。try v 试图，设法，努力 【拓展】(1)try on 试穿
(2)try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
(3)try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事 17.I hate to do chores.我讨厌做家务。
hate to do sth 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him.我讨厌麻烦他 hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smoking in her room.她讨厌在房间里抽烟。
18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？
【解析】ask sb.to do sth 要求某人做某事。
ask for 请求，要某物
ask sb.about sth 向某人询问关于某事(1)ask sb.for help 向某人请求帮助(2)ask sb.(not)to do sth请求某人做某事 ask构成的短语： 短语 含义
ask sb.to do sth 请某人做某事 ask sb.not to do sth 不让某人做某事 ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 ask for help 寻求帮助
19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的家庭作业。
【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事
— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? 你能在十点前读完这些书吗？ — Yes, I can.【解析2】while conj.“在……期间； 当……的时候” While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。
_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.当孩子们玩得开心时，父母可以在海滩上上舞蹈课。【解析3】help sb.with sth.在某事上帮助某人。【注】help v 帮助 → helpful adj.有帮助的
(1)help sb.do sth.=help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的帮助之下(3)without the help of 没有在…的帮助之下 ①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.抓住小偷。20.Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？ 【解析】invite sb.to Sp.邀请某人去某地 【解析】invite v → invitation n邀请(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀请某人做某事(2)invite sb.to +地点 邀请某人去某地
21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。【解析】make sb.do sth 让某人做某事 make → made →made v.做，制作，使得
(1)make sb/sth + 形容词 “让某人或某物…” make you happy(2)make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep.颜色可以改变我们的心情，使我们感到高兴或悲伤，精力充沛或睡眠。22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too.他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务。【解析】have time to do sth.有时间做某事 have time =be free 有空
23.Housework is a waste of their time.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。
【解析】a waste of 浪费 a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱 waste v “浪费”
waste time/money on sth waste time / money(in)doing sth 在做某事上花费时间/金钱 Don’t _waste_water.Can’t you see the sign “save water”?不要浪费水。你看不到“节约用水”的牌子吗？ 24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。【解析1】spend...on sth 在某事上花费......spend/pay/cost/take 花费
(1)spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人
◆ sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth ◆sb.+spend +时间/钱+（in）doing sth ◆spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.他花太多时间在电脑游戏上。
Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.记得花些时间和你所爱的人在一起，因为他们不会永远在你身边。My father _spent_ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.我父亲花了十万元买他的新车
(2)pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人
◆sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.— How much did you pay for this computer? 你花了多少钱买这台电脑 — Five hundred dollars.(3)cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb.+钱 某物花费某人多少钱 A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend.It ___cost_ me 120 yuan.上周末我买了一件新毛衣。我花了120元
(4)take→took → taken v 花费
◆It takes /took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.他花了3个小时做作业。
【解析2】in order to “目的是；为了” 后接动词原形。in order to do sth 为了做某事 He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting.他跑得很快，为了不迟到。【解析3】get into =enter 进入 【拓展】与get相关的短语：
get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服
get dressed穿衣 get into进入 get/be lost丢失 get off/on下/上车 get on well with sb.与某人相处得好 get out of从…出来 get warm 变暧 get ready for +n.为…做准备 get ready to do sth.准备做某事 get well康复 get a chance 有机会、得到机会
get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相关：(be asleep睡着)25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now.而且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在在做。【解析】get older 长大 get/ become/ go辨析：
⑴ get+adj较多地与形容词比较级连用。The days are getting longer and longer.天变得越来越长
⑵ become 强调变化的结果 It's becoming colder and colder.天气变得越来越冷。⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad变坏，go blind变瞎，go hungry挨饿
26.It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。【解析】provide sth.for sb.为某人提供某物 provide v 提供
provide sb.with sth.(sb 前介词用for)=provide sth for sb.(sth 前需加介词with)供应某人某物
相当于：offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.provide 为应急等做好准备而“提供； 供给” provide sb.with sth.=provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer 侧重表示“愿意给予” offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.对某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事
supply 定期“供应” , 强调替代或补充所需物品 Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.为某人提供某物
①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need.因特网给我们提供了许多我们需要的信息。
② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure.你能为我们提供一些关于学生的健康信息？当然，这是我的荣幸。
27.And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。
【解析】anyway 无论如何,(一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开）
28.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做杂务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。【解析】It is important for sb.to do sth.对某人来说做某事是重要的
29.Children these days depend on their parents too much.现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。
【解析】depend on 依靠；信赖
—— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather.30....Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。
【解析1】 do one’s part 尽职责；尽本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上尽职责 【解析2】keep +sth /sb.+adj.“使......处于某种状态”
Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__.她妈妈叫她把窗户打开，关上了门
keep 系动词 “保持” keep + adj.We must keep healthy.实义动词 “保持；继续”
(1)keep(on)doing sth 继续做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class.他不停地球响下课后说。(2)keep sb.Doing sth 让某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon.对不起，让您久等了。我的老师让我整个下午做作业。
31.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教 他们如何照顾自己。【解析】develop independence 培养独立意识
develop v→development n 发展→developing adj.发展的→developed adj.发达的 a developing country 一个发展中国家a developed country 一个发达国家 China is a __developing___country.32.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里，他们应该知道保持家里干净、整洁每个人都应该参与。
【解析】since conj.既然(表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首）
.—You have been in Neijiang very long? —Yeah.__Since___my parents came here.你在内江已经有很长时间了吗？-是的。因为我的父母来到这里。
33.Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself.我们邻居的儿子上一所好大学，但是在第一年的时候，他还不知道如何照顾自己。
take care of 照顾Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go.I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home.【拓展】与take相关的短语：
take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出)take care当心 take a walk散步
take medicine服药 take place发生take one’s temperature量体温
take one’s time别着急
34.As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped.结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。
【解析1】as a result 结果（插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开）
Don’t ask him too late into the night, __As a result___ , he is only a small child.不要太深夜问他，作为一个结果，他只是一个小孩。【解析2】fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡
35.The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。
【解析】the + 比较级，the + 比较级 “越......越......”
The more you smile, the happieryou will feel.你笑得越多，你就会感觉到快乐。
第四篇：新版八年级英语下册第四单元知识点归纳
新版八年级英语下册第四单元知识点归纳
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你为什么不和你打父母谈谈呢？ 【解析】Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 为什么不......呢？ 【拓展】用于提建议的句型有：
(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ….怎么样？(2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 为什么不呢？(3)Let’s do sth.让我们一起做某事吧。(4)Shall we/I do sth?我们做…好吗？(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事(6)Will/Would you please do sth 请你做…好吗？(7)Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事吗？(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事吗？ 【回答】
(1).同意对方的建议时，一般用：
◆ Good idea./ That’s good idea.好主意 ◆OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了
◆ Yes, please./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意
◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法
◆ No problem 没问题
◆Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 当然可以
◆Yes, I think so 对，我也这样想
(2).对对方的帮助或要求表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：
◆ I don’t think so 我认为不是这样
◆Sorry, I can’t 对不起，我不能
◆I’d love to, but…
◆ I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……
I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep.我要学的太多，因此我睡眠不足。【解析1】(1)too many + 复数名词 许多 too many people(2)too much +不可数名词 许多 too much homework(3)much too +形容词 太… much too cold 【解析2】so conj.因此(表示因果关系，后面跟表示结果的句子，不与because同时使用）
My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们出去闲逛。
【解析】allow sb.to do sth 允许某人做某事 【拓展】allow v 允许
allow doing sth 允许做某事 They don’t allow smoking.allow sb.to do sth 允许某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
①We don’t allow ___________(smoke)in the reading room.②Our teacher allows us ____________(go)out for a walk.③The boy should be allowed____(play)after supper.④We won’t allow ________in the cinema.But you are allowed ______in the rest room.(smoke)⑤Teenagers should ___________(allow)to choose their own clothes.【拓展】allow与let的辨析：
allow指―允许‖，表示―默许，听任，不加阻止‖，allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事。
Let指―让‖，let sb do sth让某人做某事，语意较弱，多用于口语中，let不能用于被动语态。4.What’s wrong? 怎么啦？
【解析】What’s wrong(with sb./ sth)（某人/物）怎么了？
I’m really tried because I studied until midnight last night.我真的很累，因为我昨天晚上一直学习到半夜。【解析】until 直到......时
Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?今天晚上你为什么不早点睡觉呢？ 【解析】go to sleep 去睡觉(强调―入睡，睡着‖这一动作）7.You look sad, Kim.金，你看起来很伤心。【解析】look 看起来（系动词，后跟形容词作宾语）【【拓展】：系动词：后跟adj.作表语
一是：（be）am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安静
二保持：stay/keep（表示持续状态）stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康 三变化：become/get/turn（表示状态变化）五起来：sound/look/smell/taste/feel（表示感觉）
()Jack usually gets ______ when he speaks in public.A.happily B.exciting C.worried D.tired()Tom’s father looks very _____.But he is very kind.A.seriously B.serious C.friendly You ____ call him up.你____ 给他打电话。
【解析】call up(v + adv)call on 拜访；号召 I call up my parents every Sunday.9.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.哦，昨天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。
【解析1】find sb.doing sth 发现某人正在做某事Mr.Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class.类似动词：hear，watch, see, feel 【解析2】look through 浏览 【拓展】与look相关的短语：
look for look after=take care of look like look the same look over look through look out look up look around look forward to 10.Yes, but I’m still angry with her.是的，但是我仍然很生她的气。【解析】be angry with sb.生某人的气
【拓展】angry adj.生气的→ angrily adv.生气地
(1)be angry with sb.=be mad at sb.对某人生气【with后接人】(2)be angry at/about sth对某事感到生气 【at后接事】(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生气
【记】 My father was very __________(对……生气)his computer.He hit the computer _______(angry)()— Why are you unhappy, Kate? — I didn’t finish my homework again.I’m afraid Miss Gao will be ___ me.A.angry with B.friendly to C.proud of()I was very angry ____ myself ___ making such as a stupid mistakes.A.at;at B.with;for C.at;with D.with;at 11.Although she’s wrong, It’s not a big deal.尽管她错了，但也不是什么大错。【解析1】although= though 尽管 , 用来引导让步状语从句。【注】though / although 不能与but连用 【拓展】although/however辨析
⑴although conj，―虽然；即使；纵然‖，引导让步状语从句时放在主句前后都可。Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong.他虽然年纪大了，但身体还很健壮。⑵ however adv，在句中作插入语，起一个连词的作用，一般用逗号与句子分开，可以放在句首或句中，意为―然而，尽管如此‖。
It’s raining hard, However, I think we should go out.雨下的很大。尽管如此，我认为我们还应该出去。
【解析2】It’s not a big deal.没什么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口语中）You left your homework at home.你把作业忘在家里了。
【解析】leave v 遗忘，留下 leave sth.somewhere把某物忘在某地 leave sb.by oneself 把某人单独留下
12.Hope things work out.希望事情顺利解决。【解析1】hope v 希望
hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin.hope + that 从句（表示希望）I hope that you’ll be better soon wish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin.wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.wish +that 从句 表示愿望，从句用虚拟语气 I wish I were you.【解析2】work out 解决；成功地发展，后跟fine,well, badly等词，表明产生的结果如何。
13.My problem is I can’t get on with my favorite.我的问题是我不能喝我的家人和睦相处。【解析】get on with sb.和某人和睦相处；和某人关系良好 =get along with get on well/ badly with 相处的好/坏
14.When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.当他们争吵的时候，就像有一大团乌云笼罩在我们家。【解析1】argue 争吵
→argument n 争论 have an argument with sb.与某人辩论
argue with sb.与某人争吵 argue with sb.about sth 为某事与某人争吵 argue about sth 争论某事
argue against 争辩；反对 He argued against the plan 【解析2】 hang over 挂在......之上； 悬浮在......之上 hang out 闲逛；常去某处 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.hang on to 紧紧抓住 You’d better hang on to me in the crowd.hang up 挂电话；悬挂 After she finished her conversation 15.Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me.【解析】elder adj.年纪较长的 His elder brother is ill.elder 用来表示兄弟姐妹及子女之间的长幼关系，常用作定语
older 泛指新旧、老幼或年龄的大小关系，可以用作表语，是old的比较级形式。【记】 My ______brother is 7 years older than my younger sister.【解析2】be nice to sb.对某人友好 be friendly to sb.be good to sb.16.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show.他总是拒绝让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。
【解析】refuse =say no to v拒绝 refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事 ①The boy refused __________(go)to see his father with us.()②He refused when I asked him for help.A.said yes B.said no C.said hello 17.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反，他却想看什么酒看什么，一直到深夜。【解析1】 instead 代替，反而，替
(1)instead 副词，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事情。Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了，所以我去了。(2)instead of +n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中
instead of 为介词短语，后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。
She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didn’t call him.She wrote to him instead.她没有给他打电话，而是给他写了封信。
Health is very important to us.We should eat more vegetables and fruit _____ rich food.A.instead B.instead of C.because of D.because 【解析2】 whatever = no matter what 任何，每一
18.If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.如果你的父母有问题，你应该主动提供帮助。
【解析】 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 【拓展】offer v 主动给予(1)offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
(2)offer sb.sth= offer sth to sb.主动提供给某人某物
()The little boy _____ his seat to the old lady on the crowded bus.A.offered B.brought C.lent D.took 19.Secondly,why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次，你为什么不能坐下来和你的哥哥交流一下呢？ 【解析1】secondly adv.第二；其次
【解析2】communicate v交流 communication n 交流；沟通communicate with sb.和某人交流
They communicate with each other by QQ.()They can’t understand each other so they have difficulty in _____.A.communicate B.communicated C.communicating 20.You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.你应该跟他解释说你并不介意他一直看电视。
【解析】explain 解释；说明 → explanation n 解释；说明
explain sth to sb.向某人解释某事。explain to sb sth给某人解释某事 21.I’m worried about my school grades.我很胆小我的学习成绩。【解析】 be worried about sth.担心某事
【拓展】worry v 担心 → worried adj.焦急的 worry about = be worried about 为…担心 ①Don’t be _________(worry).You’ll catch up with others.()② Don’t ____ about things so much.It will make you stressed out.afraid B.worry C.worried D.Terrified 22.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我东西没有还我。【解析】return ⑴v 归还=give back return...to...= give back to...把......还给......⑵ v 回来；返回 = come back 23.My parents give me a lot of presure about school.我父母在学习上给了我很多压力。【解析】press v 按；压 →pressure压力
⑴不可数名词（物理学）压力air pressure 气压 blood pressure 血压
⑵不可数名词 还可指精神上、外界施加的压力 = stress under pressure 在压力下 24.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争。【解析】compete v竞争；对抗 → competition n 竞争
compete with sb.和某人竞争compete against/ with 与……竞争compete for 为……参加比赛
We are ready for the coming ________________(compete).25.You should all be ___ each other to improve.你们都应该互相____ 而全面发展。【解析】improve =make...better 改进 →improvement n 提高
26.Who gives their opinions about the problem? 对于这个问题都有谁提出了他们自己的观点。
【解析】opinion n 意见；想法；看法 in one’s opinion 以某人的观点；在某人看来 give opinions about sth.给出关于某事的观点。
27.These days , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes.目前，中国的孩子有时周末比平常还要忙，因为他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班。【解析】some time /sometime/some times/sometimes 【口诀】：分开是一段，合起是某时； 分开s 是倍次，合起s是有时
(1)some time一段时间，做时间状语 It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间
(2)sometime adv 在某个时候，(3)some times 名词词组，―几次，几倍‖ Mr.Green went to Sanya some times last summer.(4)sometimes=at times 有时（一般现在时的标志词）()I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.A.sometimes B.some times C.sometime D.some time 28.Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win.其他人正在练习体育运动，这样他们就能参与竞争并获胜。
【解析】 others pron.―其他的人或事物‖There are other ways of doing it.做这事还有其他的办法。
()My sister is outgoing.She likes making friends with ____.A.other B.another C.the other D.others 29.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家。
【解析1】The Taylors 泰勒一家。在姓氏的复数前加冠词the表示―全家人或夫妻两人‖，使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。The Blacks are getting ready for the holiday.【解析】typical 典型的 be typical of ―是……的特点‖
30..Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s future.或许我可以减少他们的一些活动，但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。【解析】cut out 删除；删去(v+adv)You’d better cut out that sentence.cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插队 cut off 切断（水、电）供应
()Don’t ___ when others talk;it’s impolite.A.cut out B.cut in C.cut down D.cut off 31.I really want them to be successful.我真的很想他们成功。
【解析】successful 成功的【拓展】 succeed v 成功，达到 →success n 成功 →successful adj 成功的→successfully adv成功地 ◆succeed in doing sth ①If at first you don’t ____________(success).try, try again.()② She works very hard ,so she will ____ in ____ the exam.A.successful;pass B.success;passing C.succeed;passing D.successful;passing 32.It’s time for homework.该写作业了。
【解析】It’s time for sth 是到做某事的时候了。It’s time for lunch.It’s time to do sth It’s time to go to school.()It’s 9:30 pm., children!_____ is time to go to bed.A.That B.It C.This D.They In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.在有些家庭，竞争从孩子们很小的时候就开始了，一直持续到他们长大。【解析】continue 继续；持续
【拓展】continue doing sth =go on doing sth 继续做某事(前后做同一件事)continue to do sth = go on to do sth 继续做某事（前后不是同一件事）①Let’s continue____________(read)the text.②Many students hope to continue ________(study)after _______(finish)school.（）③ The two teams continued _____ the game after half an hour.A.play B.to play C.playing D.played 【拓展】continue，go on, last辨析
⑴continue v.继续，持续，指进程在时间或空间上的延续，强调持续不断，有时也可以指短暂停止后继续进行。
He continue the work for two days.他连续两天都在做这项工作。⑵ go on指无间歇或有间歇地继续，或以某种特定方式继续。go on to do sth继续做某事，指开始做另外一件事； go on doing sth继续做原来所做的事情。
After doing his homework, he went on to preview his lessons.做完家庭作业之后，他继续去预习他的研究。
⑶last v.持续，延续，维持，指某事物继续存在或某种现象在时间上延续，说明某一动作要延续一段时间。
She won’t last long in that job.那个工作她做不了多久。
34.Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes.妈妈们把她们的小孩子送去各种各样的辅导班。
【解析1】send→ sent → sent v 发送
【短语】： send away 赶走 send for 派人去请
send off 寄出 send out 分发 send up 发射send sb.sth = send sth to sb.送给某人某物
【注】类似的动词有：show(展示； 给……看)give(给)lend(借出)offer（提供）return（归还）tell（告诉）
()① You fill in both parts of the form, then_____.A.send up it B.send for it C.send it away D.send it off()Please send a photo of your family ____ me.A.for B.at C.to D.with 【解析2】all kinds of 各种各样的【拓展】kind(1)n 种类
kind of +adj.有点，有几分，kind of cold 有点冷 a kind of 一种的，某种的 all kinds of 各种各样的
different kinds of 不同种类的 What kind of…?那种
(2)adj.友好的 be kind to sb.= be good to sb.=be friendly to sb.对某人友好 【辨析】kind of 与kinds of: ○1kind of 单独用，表示―有点‖，后接形容词或副词： He is kind of thin.‖他有点瘦‖ I feel kind of hungry.‖我有点饿‖
Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly.王叔叔说得有点快。
○2若kind of前有a, this, that, what等，译为―种，种类‖ 后加名词。
That kind of question is difficult to answer.那类问题难回答。What kind of sport do you like best? 你最喜欢何种运动？
()①This kind of skirt looks ___ and sells _____.A.nice;well B.nice;good C.well;well D.good;nice()②—What ____ animals do you like? — Monkeys.I think they’re _____ clever.A.kind of;kind of B.a kind of;a kind of C.kind of;a kind D.a kind of;kind of()③ — It’s going to rain.Let me fetch an umbrella for you.— Thank you!You are so ____.A.lucky B.kind C.relaxed D.Interesting 【2013浙江台州】17.—I want to see the movie Iron Man 3(《钢铁3》).Do you know the ______ of the ticket? —Yes.Five dollars.A.number B.price C.kind D.name 35..Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too.孩子们也应该有时间放松和独立思考。
【解析】have time to do sth 有时间做某事
36.And they are always comparing them with other children.她们总是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比较。
【解析】compare A with B 将A和B 比较
(1)compare…with… 把……与…..做比较
(2)compare…to… 把…..比做……
()①.People often compare a teacher a candle.A.to B.into C.as D.with()②.It’s necessary English Chinese in English study.A.compare;to B.to compare;with C.comparing;to D.to compare;into 【2011四川广元】— Why are most children under too much pressure ? — Because their parents always compare them ___ others.A.With B.by C.to 37.Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s development.医生说太多的压力不利于孩子们的发展。
【解析1】be good for 对......有好处
【拓展】good(better;best)adj.好的 → goodness n 好处；善行 ；美德
be good for 对….有益处（反）be bad for对…有害处 be good at +n/doing=do well in +n/doing 擅长于做某事 be good to sb.=be kind to =be friendly to sb.对某人友好
【记】The boy is good ______me.He is good ______English , and he tells me oral practice is good ______improve spoken English.38.Dr.Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.爱丽丝.格林医生说所有的这些活动可能给孩子们带来很多压力。【解析】 cause v.造成，使发生
(1)cause sb.to do sth 使某人做某事(2)cause sb.for sb.给某人添麻烦()①She always ___ trouble ___ people.A.cause;to B.cause;for C.causing;to D.causing;for()②Every year driving after drinking wine ____ a lot of traffic accidents.A.happens B.provides C.causes 【拓展】 cause, reason, excuse辨析
⑴cause n.原因，指引起某种结果的―原因‖，后接介词of.The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.事故的原因是他开车开的太快。
⑵reason n.理由，原因，指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由。
The reason he was driving so fast was that he didn’t want to miss an important meeting.他开车如此快的原因是他不想错过一个重要的会议。
⑶excuse n.辩解，借口，指对某种行为所做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托词。He made a good excuse for his driving.他为自己开快车找了一个堂皇的借口。()What ___ the flowers to die? A.made B.had C.caused D.get()Do you often ___ trouble ____ your parents? A.get;into B.pay;for C.cause;for D.give;to 39..In my opinion, it is important for children/ parents to...我认为，对于孩子们/父母来说，......是重要的。
【解析】in one’s opinion 以某人的观点； 在某人看来
40.Perhaps children/ parents should / could......或许孩子们/父母应该/ 可能.......【解析】perhaps 也许；可能
【拓展】perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe辨析 ⑴perhaps意为―也许，可能‖，一般指比较小的可能性。
Perhaps I will see him the day after tomorrow, but I am not sure.也许我后天去看他，不过我不能确定。
⑵probably―很可能，大概‖，其可能性最大，表示一种几乎完全肯定的意思。He will probably refuse the offer.他很可能会拒绝这份提议。⑶possibly意为―可能，或许，也许‖，可能性较大。
I’ll see you today, or possibly tomorrow.我今天要见你，不过也可能是明天。⑷maybe―或许，大概‖，主要用于非正式场合，常用在口语中，语气比perhaps轻。Maybe you put the letter in your basket.或许你把信放在你的篮子里了。41.It’s crazy.这是疯狂的。
【解析】crazy.adj.不理智的；疯狂的(在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语)be crazy about 对……着迷；热衷于…… I’m crazy about football.42.Does Cathy Taylor think it’s important for kids to join after-school activities? 凯西.泰勒认为对于孩子们而言参加课文活动重要吗？
【解析】It’s + adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary)+(for sb.)to do sth
【注】若形容词表示事物特征的，如：easy ,difficult, hard ,important等，须用介词for 【形容物，用for】
It’s +adj(kind, honest, friendly,)+(of sb)to do sth.【注】 若形容词表示人的性格、品质与特点，如：good ,kind ,nice, wrong等，用介词of。【形容人用of】
【2012山东东营】It’s very convenient ___ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet.A.to B.of C.by D.for ① It’s important for us _______(learn)English well.②It’s hard for us ____________(finish)this task in two days.()③ It’s very nice ____ you to help me a lot.A.for B.of C.in D.on()④ –It’s very ___ of you to work out the problem for me.A.kind B.polite C.clever D.easy 43.keep on happening 持续发生
【解析】keep on doing 继续做某事 keep sb.doing sth 让某人一直做某事 keep up with 跟上
keep sb.from doing sth阻止某人做某事 keep away from避开 Mr.Li kept _________(work)here for nearly 30 years.二、重点语法 1.情态动词should与could的用法 should的用法
should为情态动词，表示劝告、建议，意为―应该‖，它和其他情态动词一样，没有人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，其否定形式为shouldn’t。
Maybe she should say sorry to you.也许她应该跟你说声对不起。could的用法
情态动词could既是can的过去式，表示过去的能力，又可以表示谨慎、客气的建议，后接动词原形，其否定形式为couldn’t。
My grandfather could drive well even at the age of eighty.我的祖父甚至到了80岁任然能很好地驾车。
You could go out and buy her some medicine.你可以出去给他买些药。
()The girl_____ read before she went to school.A.Could B.Couldn’t C.Should D.May 2.状语从句
状语从句就是在句子中作状语的从句。状语从句有好几种，如时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句等。本单元重点讲述以下三种类型的状语从句。
1).until引导的时间状语从句
until意为―直到；在........之前‖。注意until和not.....until在用法上的区别。Until：在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句里
如果主句用肯定式，其含义是―一直到……时‖，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是―直到……才……‖, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
The young man read till the light went out.Let’s wait until the rain stops.We won’t start until Bob come Don’t get off until the bus stops.Continue in this direction until you see a sign.一直朝着这个方向走直到你看见一个指示牌。
I didn’t wake up until I heard the alarm clock.直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。2).so that引导的目的状语从句
so that是连词，意为―为的是，以便‖，引导目的状语从句。注意so that, in order that和in order to在用法上的区别。
Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later.让我记下你的号码，为的是以后好打电话给你。3).although引导的状语从句
although的用法意思相当于though（尽管，虽然），用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but，and，so等连用，但可以和yet，still等词连用。
① Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.尽管这本书很旧，我们还是决定买。② Although he was tired, he went on working.Although he had only entered the contest for fun, he won first prize.尽管他参加这次竞赛只不过是闹着玩而已，却赢得了头等奖。
第五篇：新版八年级英语下册第五单元知识点归纳
一.基础知识讲解.【解析1】过去进行时 过去进行时态
②过去某段时间正在发生的动作
⑵.与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night/ at that time= then/at this time yesterday / ⑷ 过去进行时的四个基本句型 ⑸ 过去进行时的固定句型
在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空
6.__________________you __________________(have)supper at that time? 【解析2】 at the time of 在......的时候（常用于过去进行时）
2.my alarm didn’t go off so i ___ up late.我的闹钟没有响，因此我____晚了。【解析】heavily adv 在很大程度上
heavily adv 沉重地the army lost heavily 形容风大的时候常用strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard 【2013黔西南】121.sometimes it rains _________in guizhou in summer.【注】heavy改y为i +ly 变为adv ,类似的adj还有： hungry饥饿的hungrily happy快乐的happily angry生气的angrily
4.i ___ to the bus stop but i still missed the bus.我____ 向公共汽车站但还是错过了公共汽车。②想念；思念
③ n 用于姓名或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，“小姐；女生” 6.that’s strange.真奇怪
【解析】strange adj.奇怪的 →strangely adv奇怪地 →stranger n 陌生人 be strange to 对„„感到陌生
陌生的he stands in a stranger street.【解析】report v 报道 → reporter n 记者
那么，当暴风雨突然来临的时候，你正在做什么呢？ 【解析】so 的用法：
无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容 so so + adj./ adv “如此„„”
so + adj./adv +that 从句
so + 从句 “所以“
so that +从句 “以便，为了„„”
【解析1】i see.我知道了。（表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解）()—it’s bad for your eyes to read in the sun.— _____.【拓展】 see sb.do sth 看到某人做某事 see sb.doing sth 看到某人正在做某事 【解析2】either 也
(1)also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。(2)too 也，用于肯定句句末(3)either 也，通常放于否定句末
本的爸爸正在把木头块搭在窗户上面，而他的妈妈正在确保手电筒和收音机能正常使用。【解析2】make sure确信； 确保 表示“工作”，是不可数名词： ⑵.表示“著作”或“作品”，是可数名词，但多用复数： ⑶ 表示“工厂”，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义：
当雨点开始重重地打在窗户上的时候，本正在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。
【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上；大量地
【拓展】heavy adj.重的（反）light → heavily adv 猛烈地 【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard()②sometimes it rains ____ in xi’an in summer.【2013黔西南】121.sometimes it rains _________in guizhou in summer.【解析3】 against 倚；碰；撞 ⑴表示“反对”，其反义词为 for。若表示“强烈反对”，一般用副词 strongly：
are you for or against the plan? 你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对
he stood leaning against the tree.他站着斜靠在墙上 【解析】 at first 首先；最初
【拓展】(1)at first = at the beginning 最初，开始 【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】
(2)first of all 首先，第一 【表明陈述事情的重要性】 【解析1】 fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着 【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：
(1)sleep =be in bed v 睡觉，指睡的动作状态，(2)get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态(3)go to bed 上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作。stayed up too late last night.be asleep强调睡着的状态the baby is asleep 【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法区别。⑴fall asleep属“连系动词+表语”结构，“入睡；睡着”，指进入梦乡，往往含有“不知不觉就睡着了“的意思。asleep在此作表语形容词。⑵ sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。
he likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon.他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。⑶ go to sleep意为“入睡，睡着”，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。
⑷get to sleep与go to sleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。⑸go to bed“就寝”，“上床睡觉”，指上床去睡这个动作，与get up相对应。
我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。die out:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。【解析2】rise 增加；提高；增强；上升，升起
raise举起；提高主语发出的动作作用于其他事物let’s raise our glasses to tom.【解析1】过去分词做定语 fallen leaves 落叶 词条含义用法例句
【解析】 join 加入；参加
【辨析】join/join in/take part in(1)join=be a member of 参加 ,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。◆ join in 后接活动名称
◆ join sb.加入到某个人群之中
(2)take part in 参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。18.turn on the radio 打开收音机
【解析】turn on 打开（反）turn off 关掉
【2013江苏淮安】13.it's getting dark.please ________ the light.【2013湖南益阳】33.the boy is sleeping.please _____the radio.tree.当我们到达事故现场的时候，看到汽车由于撞在了树上，已经变了些。【解析】get to 到达get → got→ gotten v 得到 【解析】 happen 发生；碰巧（指偶然性发生）
(1)happen v “发生”没有被动语态，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性(3)it happened that„碰巧
【2013山东济南】53.—it’s hot today, isn’t it? 【解析】realize v 意识到
⑴ realize + n she didn’t realize her mistake.罗柏特。艾伦现在已经50多岁了，但那时候他还只是一名小学生。【解析】 over= more than 超过
【解析】一段时间+ ago 之前，用于一般过去时
【解析】 the rest of „ “其余的，剩下的” ,做主语时，其谓语动词的数要与the rest of 修饰的名词一致。
学校停课一天，罗柏特和他的朋友们沉默地走回了家。
【解析1】remember to do sth与remember doing sth的用法区别。
⑴remember to do sth记得去做某事（此事还未做）
⑵remember doing sth记得做过某事（此事已做完）
【解析3】terror n 恐怖 → terrorist 恐怖分子be full of terror充满恐怖 我很害怕以至于后来我几乎无法正常思考。【解析】hardly 几乎不； 绝不
罗柏特和他的朋友们听到这则消息感到很吃惊。【解析1】be surprised to do sth 做某事很吃惊
【拓展】surprise v 使吃惊→surprising adj.令人吃惊的
→surprised adj.吃惊的 to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对„„感到吃惊 ①__________________(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.【解析2】hear的用法 hear意为“听见”，强调听的结果。【结构】：hear sb.do sth听见某人做某事； hear sb.doing sth听见某人正在做某事 hear也有“听说”之意，这时后接that引导的宾语从句。①hear about意为“听说”，相当于hear of，后面接词或短语。
i have heard about/of the story before.我以前就听说过这个故事。
i haven’t heard from my mother for months.我已经好几个月没有收到我妈妈的来信了。【解析】true adj.真的 → truly adv.真地 →truth 实情；事实to be truth n.真相 honest = to tell(you)the truth老实说；说实话
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